Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| recovery of mycobacterium bovis from soft fresh cheese originating in mexico. | recent outbreaks of human tuberculosis in the united states caused by mycobacterium bovis have implicated cheese originating in mexico as a source of these infections. a total of 203 samples of cheese originating in mexico were cultured, and m. bovis was recovered from one specimen. therefore, m. bovis can be recovered from cheese and may be a source of human infections. | 2007 | 17142354 |
| [tuberculosis as a zoonosis]. | there are more than 700 different kinds of major zoonosis. among them, tuberculosis is important, since mycobacteriosis, including tuberculosis, is common among non-human primates and ruminants. although the natural host of tubercle bacilli is human, many kinds of animals are susceptible to mycobacterium spp., including mycobacterium bovis and other non-tuberculous mycobacteria. in japan, the prevalence of the recurrent infection between human and pet animals leads to increasing trends of, and m ... | 2006 | 17094584 |
| workshop cluster 1+ gammadelta t-cell receptor t cells from calves express high levels of interferon-gamma in response to stimulation with interleukin-12 and -18. | gammadelta t-cell receptor(+) t lymphocytes are an important element of the innate immune system. early production of interferon (ifn)-gamma by gammadelta t cells may have a role in linking innate and adaptive immune responses and contribute to t helper-1 bias. we investigated the role of cytokines in the activation and induction of ifn-gamma secretion by bovine workshop cluster 1(+) (wc1(+)) gammadelta t cells. the effects of culture with interleukin (il)-12, il-18, il-15 and il-2 were investig ... | 2007 | 17034425 |
| a novel fusion protein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of bovine tuberculosis. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis has been widely explored over the years. three mycobacterium bovis-specific antigen genes, namely, mpb70, mpb83, and esat-6 were recombined in tandem by spliced overlap extension technology and expressed in escherichia coli to obtain the fusion protein (rm70-83-e6). western blot analysis showed that rm70-83-e6 can specifically react with bovine tuberculosis-positive sera but not those from cattle infected with other b ... | 2007 | 17023217 |
| detecting emerging strains of tuberculosis by using spoligotypes. | the w-beijing strain of tuberculosis has been identified in many molecular epidemiological studies as being particularly prevalent. this identification has been made possible through the development of a number of genotyping technologies including spoligotyping. highly prevalent genotypes associated with outbreaks, such as the w-beijing strain, are implicitly regarded as fast spreading. here we present a quantitative method to identify "emerging" strains, those that are spreading faster than the ... | 2006 | 17015836 |
| [application of the molecular test pcr multiplex for identification of mycobacterium bovis bcg strains]. | in our last paper (18) we described the problem of proper microbiological identification of bcg strains and how important is distinguishing vaccine strain from virulent strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. we have suggested the modern algorithm of bcg strains identification including mycolic acids profile by hplc and 14c pza resistance methods. these methods allowed us to made fast and accurate microbiological identification of side effects of bcg vaccine in the children. identificatio ... | 2005 | 16989158 |
| effects of pre-culture holding time and temperature on interferon-gamma responses in whole blood cultures from mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle. | the bovigam assay is approved for use within the united states as a complementary tuberculosis test. prior to whole blood culture and the ensuing elisa to detect interferon-(ifn)-gamma, samples are subjected to various holding time/temperature combinations due, in part, to practical constraints associated with shipment of samples to approved laboratories. to evaluate these effects, 5-month-old holstein calves (n = 7) received 10(3) cfu mycobacterium bovis by aerosol. heparinized blood was collec ... | 2007 | 16973310 |
| field evaluation of a novel differential diagnostic reagent for detection of mycobacterium bovis in cattle. | in the search for improved tools with which to control bovine tuberculosis, the development of enhanced immunodiagnostic reagents is a high priority. such reagents are required to improve the performance of tuberculin-based reagents and allow the discrimination of vaccinated cattle from those infected with mycobacterium bovis. in this study, we identified the immunodominant, frequently recognized peptides from rv3873, rv3879c, rv0288, and rv3019c, which, together with peptides comprising the cur ... | 2006 | 16943346 |
| preliminary observations on mycobacterium spp. in dairy cattle in ecuador. | this study evaluated bovine tuberculosis in mejia canton, a major dairy cattle production region in ecuador. randomly selected cattle (1,012 from 59 farms) classified according to herd size were tested by the single tuberculin test (stt). sixty days later, positive reactors were tested again by the comparative tuberculin test (ctt). in addition, tissue samples from two stt-ctt-positive reactors detected on a farm were obtained in a local slaughterhouse and analyzed bacteriologically. a total of ... | 2006 | 16896141 |
| selective delivery of rifampicin incorporated into poly(dl-lactic-co-glycolic) acid microspheres after phagocytotic uptake by alveolar macrophages, and the killing effect against intracellular mycobacterium bovis calmette-guérin. | macrophages and their phagocytotic abilities play a dominant role for defense against infected organisms. however, mycobacterium tuberculosis can survive in the phagosomes of macrophages. in this study, the effective delivery of a drug and the killing effect of tubercle bacilli within macrophages were investigated utilizing the phagocytotic uptake of rifampicin (rfp) that had been incorporated into poly(dl-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (plga) microspheres. the microspheres were composed of plga that ... | 2006 | 16879999 |
| mycobacterium bovis cultured from commercially pasteurized cows' milk: laboratory cross-contamination. | the ability of mycobacterium paratuberculosis to survive the commercial pasteurization process of raw milk remains controversial. in a study undertaken in venezuela to culture m. paratuberculosis from commercially pasteurized cows' milk, 83-200 ml containers of milk were processed and cultured on herrold's egg yolk slants. no m. paratuberculosis was cultured but a total of six colonies of mycobacterium bovis were isolated from one container each from two different milk providers. because laborat ... | 2006 | 16766143 |
| early antibody responses to experimental mycobacterium bovis infection of cattle. | bovine tuberculosis persists as a costly zoonotic disease in numerous countries despite extensive eradication and control efforts. sequential serum samples obtained from mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle were evaluated for seroreactivity to mycobacterial antigens. animals received m. bovis by aerosol, intratonsil, intranasal, or intratracheal inoculation. assays included the multiantigen print immunoassay for determination of antigen recognition patterns, immunoblot analysis for sensitive kine ... | 2006 | 16760322 |
| cloning and expression of recombinant mpb70 protein antigen from mycobacterium bovis bcg for diagnosis of tuberculosis. | in a search for developing new skin test reagents, mpb70 protein antigen was a candidate antigen for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. first m. bovis bcg genomic dna was extracted purified and the mpb70 gene was amplified by pcr. the gene was then ligated to an expression vector, pqe. after transformation of the expression e. coil m15 host strain with the pqe plasmid, the expression was induced using 10 mm of iptg. two bands were seen in the sds-page analysis the 44 and 50 kda represents the ... | 2004 | 16734114 |
| bovine natural killer cells restrict the replication of mycobacterium bovis in bovine macrophages and enhance il-12 release by infected macrophages. | in this contribution, the impact of bovine natural killer (nk) cells on resistance to bovine tuberculosis was studied, using a monoclonal antibody against bovine nkp46. nk cells cultured with m. bovis-infected macrophages, but not control uninfected macrophages, proliferated and released ifn-gamma. blood monocyte-derived macrophages were infected with virulent m. bovis, and growth of intra-macrophage bacteria was monitored by incorporation of tritiated uracil. co-culturing infected macrophages w ... | 2007 | 16730232 |
| low-dose mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle results in pathology indistinguishable from that of high-dose infection. | to understand the relevance of aerogenic transmission for bovine tuberculosis, it is important to study cattle experimentally infected with low doses of mycobacterium bovis that result in pathology of the lower respiratory tract resembling that of most naturally infected cattle. in this study, we have compared and contrasted granuloma distribution and formation from cattle infected with low doses (1-1000 colony-forming units (cfu)) of m. bovis over 24 weeks. we also studied the expression of the ... | 2007 | 16723276 |
| a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infections (johne's disease) in cattle. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for the diagnosis of johne's disease (jd), caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, were developed using whole bacilli treated with formaldehyde (called welisa) or surface antigens obtained by treatment of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis bacilli with formaldehyde and then brief sonication (called selisa). elisa plates were coated with either whole bacilli or sonicated antigens and tested for reactivity against serum obtained from jd-posi ... | 2006 | 16682472 |
| use of the polymerase chain reaction for diagnosing bovine tuberculosis in panama. | in addition to causing large losses to the cattle industry, mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent for bovine tuberculosis, is a serious public health issue because it can potentially infect humans. diagnosis based on isolation and identification of the bacillus is tedious and may take weeks. the diagnosis of m. bovis by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), using species-specific primers, is fast, highly sensitive and of great value in epidemiological studies. in this study, deoxyribonucleic acid ... | 2005 | 16642775 |
| cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis in a child with interleukin-12 receptor beta-1 deficiency. | we report a patient with complete interleukin-12 receptor beta-1 deficiency associated with cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis. the patient experienced bacille calmette guérin, mycobacterium chelonae, and salmonella enteritidis infection. vasculitis affecting both small arteries and postcapillary venules due to deposition of immune complexes was probably caused by s. enteritidis and/or m. chelonae infection. | 2006 | 16615980 |
| evaluation of historical factors influencing the occurrence and distribution of mycobacterium bovis infection among wildlife in michigan. | to determine historical events leading to establishment of bovine tuberculosis in the white-tailed deer population in the northeastern corner of the lower peninsula (nelp) of michigan and describe factors relevant to the present outbreak of bovine tuberculosis in michigan. | 2006 | 16579753 |
| immunohistochemical markers augment evaluation of vaccine efficacy and disease severity in bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) vaccinated cattle challenged with mycobacterium bovis. | development of necrotic granulomas in response to mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle is pathognomonic for bovine tuberculosis. previously our laboratory reported on m. bovis granuloma classification by stage of lesion advancement within bovine lymph nodes and developed immunohistochemical markers to further characterize these granulomas. in this study of bovine lymph node granulomas we applied this classification system to assess the dynamics of vaccination challenge. lymph nodes collected ... | 2006 | 16540176 |
| bovine tuberculosis infection in wild mammals in the south-west region of england: a survey of prevalence and a semi-quantitative assessment of the relative risks to cattle. | in the united kingdom, badgers are implicated in the transmission of mycobacterium bovis to cattle, but little information is available on the potential role of other wild mammals. this paper presents the results of the largest systematic uk survey of m. bovis infection in other wild mammals. mammal carcasses (4715) from throughout the south-west region of england were subjected to a systematic post mortem examination, microbiological culture of tissues and spoligotyping of isolates. infection w ... | 2007 | 16434219 |
| immune responses induced in cattle by vaccination with a recombinant adenovirus expressing mycobacterial antigen 85a and mycobacterium bovis bcg. | cattle were vaccinated with an adenovirus expressing the mycobacterial antigen 85a (rad85a), with mycobacterium bovis bcg followed by rad85a heterologous boosting, or with rad85a followed by bcg boosting. bcg/rad85a resulted in the highest direct gamma interferon responses. cultured enzyme-linked immunospot assay analysis demonstrated that memory responses were induced by all three protocols but were strongest after bcg/rad85a and rad85a/bcg vaccination. | 2006 | 16428796 |
| mycobacterium bovis identification by a molecular method from post-mortem inspected cattle obtained in abattoirs of mato grosso do sul, brazil. | the presence of mycobacterium bovis in bovine carcasses with lesions suggestive of tuberculosis was evaluated. seventy-two carcass samples were selected during slaughter inspection procedures in abattoirs in the state of mato grosso do sul, brazil. seventeen (23.6%) of samples showed colonies suggestive of mycobacteria that were confirmed to be acid-fast bacilli by ziehl-neelsen staining. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using primers specific for m. bovis identified m. bovis in 13 (76.5%) isolat ... | 2006 | 16410964 |
| pathogenesis of bovine tuberculosis: the role of experimental models of infection. | in many countries, test-and-slaughter policies based on tuberculin skin testing have made a significant impact on the control of bovine tuberculosis (caused by infection with mycobacterium bovis). however, in some countries these policies have not proved as effective and improved disease control strategies are required (including improved diagnostic tests and development of vaccines). the host pathogen interactions in bovine tuberculosis are very complex. while studies of the disease in naturall ... | 2006 | 16384665 |
| managing the wildlife reservoir of mycobacterium bovis: the michigan, usa, experience. | historical, social and economic factors combined to provide a focus where bovine tuberculosis has become established in free-ranging wildlife in northeastern lower michigan. white-tailed deer, the primary reservoir and maintenance host of tuberculosis, are highly valued by the public, and particularly hunters, for cultural and economic reasons. since 1995, significant progress has been made in defining and reducing the reservoir of tuberculosis in deer. as yet, no other wildlife species has been ... | 2006 | 16376030 |
| positive and negative effects of widespread badger culling on tuberculosis in cattle. | human and livestock diseases can be difficult to control where infection persists in wildlife populations. for three decades, european badgers (meles meles) have been culled by the british government in a series of attempts to limit the spread of mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (tb), to cattle. despite these efforts, the incidence of tb in cattle has risen consistently, re-emerging as a primary concern for britain's cattle industry. recently, badger culling has at ... | 2006 | 16357869 |
| wildlife tuberculosis in south african conservation areas: implications and challenges. | tuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium bovis, was first diagnosed in african buffalo in south africa's kruger national park in 1990. over the past 15 years the disease has spread northwards leaving only the most northern buffalo herds unaffected. evidence suggests that 10 other small and large mammalian species, including large predators, are spillover hosts. wildlife tuberculosis has also been diagnosed in several adjacent private game reserves and in the hluhluwe-imfolozi park, the third larges ... | 2006 | 16343819 |
| a review of tuberculosis science and policy in great britain. | bovine tuberculosis is one of the most complex animal health problems that the farming industry in great britain faces today. in leading and facilitating the changes to policy required to reverse the long-term upward trend in the disease, government is heavily reliant on evidence emerging from its wide-ranging bovine tuberculosis research programme. the paper outlines development of policy in great britain and its relationship to research findings. | 2006 | 16343818 |
| tuberculosis in ruminants: characteristics of intra-tonsilar mycobacterium bovis infection models in cattle and deer. | mycobacterium bovis infection produces tubercular lymphadenitis in the head lymphatics of cattle and deer, in addition to pulmonary disease. a low-dose intra-tonsilar infection model that establishes tuberculosis (tb) lymphadenitis in cattle and deer is characterised in this study. intra-tonsilar infection of red deer (500 cfus of m. bovis) was monitored longitudinally at 6-week intervals over a period of 23 weeks. lesion characteristics, bacteriological and immunological parameters were assesse ... | 2006 | 16337832 |
| regionalization: a strategy that will assist with bovine tuberculosis control and facilitate trade. | it is expected that the revised chapter on bovine tuberculosis in the terrestrial animal health code of the office internationale des epizooties (oie) will embrace regionalization as a functional means of assisting countries, states or regions to meet the requirements for freedom from tuberculosis and to facilitate trade. the benefits and applications of regionalization, which comprises zoning and compartmentalisation, are discussed. regionalization requires that a country's veterinary administr ... | 2006 | 16337346 |
| the experience of new european union member states concerning the control of bovine tuberculosis. | on 1 may 2004, 10 new states joined the european union, including cyprus (cy), the czech republic (cr), estonia (es), hungary (hu), latvia (la), lithuania (li), malta (ma), poland (po), slovakia (sk), and slovenia (sn). using oie and published data, this paper summarises the status of bovine and human tuberculosis in animals in these countries between 1996 and 2003. national control programmes against bovine tuberculosis in cattle have been successful: the current herd incidence of this disease ... | 2006 | 16330167 |
| tuberculosis in cattle: strategic planning for the future. | in the later stages of eradication of tuberculosis in cattle there is a need to take account of the fact that mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle presents, not as cases of clinical disease but most commonly as apparently healthy animals showing an immunological response to tuberculin. this is an entirely different scenario to that seen when national eradication programmes were first devised, at a time when the protection of public health rather than animal health was the prime motivation. in ... | 2006 | 16330164 |
| advances in understanding disease epidemiology and implications for control and eradication of tuberculosis in livestock: the experience from new zealand. | a deteriorating tuberculosis problem in cattle and deer in new zealand has been halted and then reversed over the last decade. mycobacterium bovis infection in both wild and domestic animal populations has been controlled. this has been achieved by applying a multi-faceted science-based programme. key features of this have been a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology of tuberculosis in animals, confidence in sampling wild animal populations, effective application of diagnostic tests in ... | 2006 | 16330161 |
| diagnosis of mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle by use of the gamma-interferon (bovigam) assay. | the strategic use of the gamma-interferon (ifn-gamma) assay (bovigam) can provide a means for the early identification of mycobacterium bovis infected cattle, thus ensuring their removal from an infected herd. when used in parallel with the tuberculin test, it is capable of identifying infected cattle, which might otherwise not be detected until later, if at all. the early detection and removal of these animals reduces the risk that they will become a source of infection for other cattle. when t ... | 2006 | 16321478 |
| an update on bovine tuberculosis programmes in latin american and caribbean countries. | of the approximately 374 million cattle in latin america and the caribbean, 70% are held in areas where rates of mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle are higher than 1%. the remaining 30% are in countries where infection affects less than 1% of cattle, including 62 million in countries where bovine tuberculosis infection is virtually nil. measures for controlling bovine tuberculosis are partially or extensively applied in most of the countries in the region. these measures are based on test a ... | 2006 | 16310980 |
| bovine tuberculosis in wild boar (sus scrofa), red deer (cervus elaphus) and cattle (bos taurus) in a mediterranean ecosystem (1992-2004). | during the last 12 years, an increasing frequency in condemnation of hunted red deer and wild boar carcasses due to the presence of tubercle-like lesions has been observed in extremadura (western spain). before 1993, tuberculosis was a very rare finding in hunted animals. the current tuberculosis regional prevalence in cattle approaches 0.4% after years of expensive test and slaughter campaigns. it is imperative to investigate the epidemiology of mycobacterium bovis infection in red deer and wil ... | 2006 | 16297475 |
| bovine natural killer cells acquire cytotoxic/effector activity following activation with il-12/15 and reduce mycobacterium bovis bcg in infected macrophages. | bovine natural killer (nk) cells were recently identified by positive selection of a nk cell-activating receptor p46 (nkp46)+ cd3- lymphocyte population, which expresses cd25 and cd8 and lyses tumor cell lines following stimulation with recombinant interleukin-2. in the current work, we characterize the cytotoxic/effector potential of a cd3(-)cd8(-)cd11b- population isolated through negative selection of bovine peripheral blood leukocytes. this population is cd25(lo)cd62(hi) when isolated and be ... | 2006 | 16275895 |
| direct detection and identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis in bovine samples by a novel nested pcr assay: correlation with conventional techniques. | mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. bovis infect animals and humans. their epidemiology in developed and developing countries differs, owing to differences in the implementation of preventive measures (world health organization, 1999). identification and differentiation of these closely related mycobacterial species would help to determine the source, reservoirs of infection, and disease burden due to diverse mycobacterial pathogens. the utility of the hupb gene (rv2986c in m. tuberculosis, or mb3 ... | 2005 | 16272503 |
| cloning, biochemical properties, and distribution of mycobacterial haloalkane dehalogenases. | haloalkane dehalogenases are enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of the carbon-halogen bond by a hydrolytic mechanism. genomes of mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. bovis contain at least two open reading frames coding for the polypeptides showing a high sequence similarity with biochemically characterized haloalkane dehalogenases. we describe here the cloning of the haloalkane dehalogenase genes dmba and dmbb from m. bovis 5033/66 and demonstrate the dehalogenase activity of their translation pro ... | 2005 | 16269704 |
| discrimination of isolates of mycobacterium bovis in northern ireland on the basis of variable numbers of tandem repeats (vntrs). | the ability to reproducibly discriminate mycobacterium bovis isolates and trace their transmission has the potential to clarify sources of infection and major routes of transmission for bovine tuberculosis (tb). a pcr-based genotyping assay has been developed to discriminate between strains of m bovis by examining multiple sites in its genome that consist of variable numbers of tandem repeats (vntrs). the discriminatory power and reproducibility of this vntr typing has been compared with that of ... | 2005 | 16244231 |
| minimum infective dose of mycobacterium bovis in cattle. | the aim of this work was to determine the minimum infective dose of mycobacterium bovis necessary to stimulate specific immune responses and generate pathology in cattle. four groups of calves (20 animals) were infected by the intratracheal route with 1,000, 100, 10, or 1 cfu of m. bovis. specific immune responses (gamma interferon [ifn-gamma] and interleukin-4 [il-4] responses) to mycobacterial antigens were monitored throughout the study, and the responses to the tuberculin skin test were asse ... | 2005 | 16177318 |
| revisiting the evolution of mycobacterium bovis. | though careful consideration has been placed towards genetic characterization of tubercle bacillus isolates causing disease in humans, those causing disease predominantly among wild and domesticated mammals have received less attention. in contrast to mycobacterium tuberculosis, whose host range is largely specific to humans, m. bovis and "m bovis-like" organisms infect a broad range of animal species beyond their most prominent host in cattle. to determine whether strains of variable genomic co ... | 2005 | 16159772 |
| use of rmpb70 protein and esat-6 peptide as antigens for comparison of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent, immunochromatographic, and latex bead agglutination assays for serodiagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. | current assays used to detect mycobacterium bovis infection lack accuracy, especially for recently infected animals, or are impractical for rapid field diagnostic applications. to overcome these limitations with serological assays, a synthetic peptide derived from early secretory antigenic target 6 (esat6-p) and a recombinant major secreted immunogenic protein (rmpb70) of m. bovis were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (eia), an immunochromatographic assay (icga), and a latex bead agg ... | 2005 | 16145098 |
| tuberculosis in tanzanian wildlife. | bovine tuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium bovis, is a pathogen of growing concern in free-ranging wildlife in africa, but little is known about the disease in tanzanian wildlife. here, we report the infection status of mycobacterium bovis in a range of wildlife species sampled from protected areas in northern tanzania. m. bovis was isolated from 11.1% (2/18) migratory wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) and 11.1% (1/9) topi (damaliscus lunatus) sampled systematically in 2000 during a meat crop ... | 2005 | 16107683 |
| bovine tuberculosis in a free ranging red fox (vulpes vulpes) from doñana national park (spain). | during 1997 and 1998, a survey of iberian carnivores was conducted to study the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in the doñana national park and surrounding areas in southwestern spain. post-mortem examinations were done on seven red foxes (vulpes vulpes), two egyptian mongoose (herpestes ichneumon), one weasel (mustela nivalis), two genets (genetta genetta), one iberian lynx (lynx pardinus), one eurasian badger (meles meles), and two polecats (mustela putorius). lesions suggestive of bovine ... | 2005 | 16107680 |
| genetic resistance to bovine tuberculosis in the iberian wild boar. | bovine tuberculosis (btb) is an important re-emerging zoonotic disease, causing major economic losses and constraining international trade of animals and their products. despite eradication programmes, some countries continue to encounter outbreaks, mainly due to wildlife acting as primary hosts or reservoirs. while the genetic component of tuberculosis in humans and cattle is well documented, the role of genetic factors as modulators of btb resistance remains unclear for natural populations. to ... | 2005 | 16101786 |
| identification of members of mycobacterium avium species by accu-probes, serotyping, and single is900, is901, is1245 and is901-flanking region pcr with internal standards. | from mycobacterium avium species mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (n=961), mycobacterium a. avium (n=677), mycobacterium a. silvaticum (n=5), and mycobacterium a. hominissuis (n=1566) were examined, and from mycobacterium tuberculosis complex m. tuberculosis (n=2), mycobacterium bovis (n=13), m. bovis bcg (n=4), and mycobacterium caprae (n=10) were examined. from other mycobacterial species mycobacterium intracellulare (n=60) and atypical mycobacteria (n=256) including mycobacterium f ... | 2006 | 16061296 |
| the re-emergence of mycobacterium bovis infection in brushtail possums (trichosurus vulpecula) after localised possum eradication. | to examine the spatial and temporal pattern of mycobacterium bovis (bovine tuberculosis) infection in a population of brushtail possums (trichosurus vulpecula) after localised possum eradication. | 2003 | 16032303 |
| control and eradication of animal diseases in new zealand. | new zealand is free from all the major epidemic (office international des epizooties list a) diseases of animals and other important diseases, such as rabies and the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. the once endemic conditions of sheep scab (psoroptes ovis), bovine brucellosis (brucella abortus), hydatids (echinococcus granulosus) and aujeszky's disease have been eradicated. anthrax (bacillus anthracis) is no longer considered endemic and pullorum disease (salmonella pullorum) has effe ... | 2002 | 16032229 |
| effects of sustained control of brushtail possums on levels of mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle and brushtail possum populations from hohotaka, new zealand. | to examine the effect of reducing the abundance of brushtail possums (trichosurus vulpecula) on the distribution and prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (mycobacterium bovis, tb) in possums and the incidence of tb in domestic cattle on a group of farms in the central north island, new zealand. | 1999 | 16032090 |
| interactions between beef cattle and simulated tuberculous possums on pasture. | brushtail possums (trichosurus vulpecula) were sedated with ketamine and placed within a fenced observation area with 17 hereford cross steers. the behaviour of the sedated possums simulated that of terminally ill possums. behavioural analysis was carried out during eight observation periods in which sedated possums were successfully released and interactions occurred. cattle were attracted from over 50 m away by the movements of the possums, and for 34% of observation time cattle investigated t ... | 1995 | 16031868 |
| a study of bovine tuberculosis in domestic animals and wildlife in the mackenzie basin and surrounding areas using dna fingerprinting. | the mackenzie basin, an area of about 5150 km2 in the south island of new zealand, was free of bovine tuberculosis prior to 1980. during the next 13 years, the majority of the cattle and deer herds in this area became infected with mycobacterium bovis. the history of infection in the mackenzie basin has all the characteristics of a newly developed region of endemic tuberculosis with a wildlife reservoir of m. bovis. tuberculous possums and ferrets were found in the mackenzie basin and both may h ... | 1995 | 16031865 |
| prevalence and spatial distribution of bovine tuberculosis in brushtail possums on a forest-scrub margin. | tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis was diagnosed in 36 of 68 (53%) brushtail possums (trichosurus vulpecula) trapped in august 1992 from a population of exceptionally low density (trap catch <3%) on a forest-scrub margin in westland, new zealand. the prevalence of tuberculosis in possums, based solely on gross lesions, was at least twice that previously recorded in new zealand, and was about seven times that recorded from the same population in 1980. more male (66%) than female (33%) pos ... | 1994 | 16031762 |
| typing of mycobacterium bovis isolates from cattle and other animals in the same locality. | 1988 | 16031436 | |
| rapid differentiation of mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium tuberculosis based on a 12.7-kb fragment by a single tube multiplex-pcr. | the aim of this work was the design and validation of a rapid and easy single tube multiplex-pcr (m-pcr) assay for the unequivocal differential detection of mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium tuberculosis. oligonucleotide primers were based on the uninterrupted 229-bp sequence in the m. bovis genome and a unique 12.7-kb insertion sequence from the m. tuberculosis genome, which is responsible for species-specific genomic polymorphism between these two closely related pathogens. the m-pcr assay ... | 2005 | 16005166 |
| human tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis--new york city, 2001-2004. | in march 2004, a u.s.-born boy aged 15 months in new york city (nyc) died of peritoneal tuberculosis (tb) caused by mycobacterium bovis infection. m. bovis, a bacterial species of the m. tuberculosis complex, is a pathogen that primarily infects cattle. however, humans also can become infected, most commonly through consumption of unpasteurized milk products from infected cows. in industrialized nations, human tb caused by m. bovis is rare because of milk pasteurization and culling of infected c ... | 2005 | 15973241 |
| spoligotyping of mycobacterium bovis isolates found in manitoba. | spoligotyping was applied to 44 isolates of mycobacterium bovis obtained from the canadian province of manitoba. isolates were obtained from submissions of elk (n = 16), deer (n = 1), and cattle (n = 27) tissues spanning the period of 1990 to early 2003. two spoligotype profiles were obtained differing only in the reaction with oligonucleotide number 12. forty of the 44 isolates (90.9%) hybridized with oligonucleotide 12 (mb-1 type), while the remaining 4 of 44 (9.1%) did not show a signal at po ... | 2005 | 15971679 |
| combined dna vaccines formulated either in dda or in saline protect cattle from mycobacterium bovis infection. | we tested the effectiveness of combined dna vaccines encoding antigens ag85b, mpt64 and mpt83 from mycobacterium tuberculosis on cattle. our results showed that calves treated with combined dna vaccines in the presence of dimethyldioctyldecyl ammonium bromide (dda) or saline elicited a strong gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) response 1 or 2 months after the third vaccination. all three antigens induced substantial levels of ifn-gamma production 1 month after the bacterial challenge, when the bcg-dri ... | 2005 | 15917109 |
| molecular typing of mycobacterium bovis isolates from south-east brazil by spoligotyping and rflp. | the identification of 163 strains of mycobacterium bovis by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and microbiological tests was carried out on 252 tuberculous-like lesions (tlls) collected from slaughtered cattle in south-east brazil. this study compared the usefulness of three genotyping techniques, is6110-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), polymorphic guanine-cytosine-rich sequence (pgrs)-rflp and direct repeat (dr)-spoligotyping, as applied to m. bovis isolates. based on is6110-rflp g ... | 2005 | 15876225 |
| effect of oral vaccination of cattle with lipid-formulated bcg on immune responses and protection against bovine tuberculosis. | cattle were given mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) in a lipid-based formulation via the oral route and tested for immune responses and protection against a challenge with virulent m. bovis. calves were vaccinated by orally administering a pellet containing 10(8) colony forming units (cfu) of bcg, or 10 pellets containing a total of 10(9) cfu of bcg, whereas positive controls were injected subcutaneously with 10(6) cfu of bcg. all of the subcutaneously vaccinated calves produced ... | 2005 | 15855017 |
| resistance of mallard ducks (anas platyrhynchos) to experimental inoculation with mycobacterium bovis. | the purpose of this study was to investigate whether mallard ducks (anas platyrhynchos) are susceptible to infection with mycobacterium bovis by either oral or intratracheal inoculation and to assess their potential role in the spread of bovine tuberculosis. six ducks were orally inoculated with 1.0 x 10(5) colony-forming units of m. bovis, six ducks were intratracheally inoculated with the same dose, and six ducks served as sham-inoculated controls. the study length was 90 days postinoculation, ... | 2005 | 15839428 |
| protective immunity against mycobacterium bovis induced by vaccination with rv3109c--a member of the esat-6 gene family. | in a number of clinical studies the current tb vaccine, mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guerin (bcg), has provided little or no protection against pulmonary tuberculosis in cattle and man. a new generation of vaccines is therefore required to replace or supplement bcg. safety concerns surrounding a number of strategies make protein subunits an attractive approach. moreover, novel prime-boost strategies based on primary immunisations with bcg are not only showing promise but also present a c ... | 2005 | 15780437 |
| improving protective efficacy of bcg vaccination for wildlife against bovine tuberculosis. | possums are a wildlife vector of bovine tuberculosis in new zealand. vaccination of possums with bcg is being considered as a measure to control the spread of bovine tuberculosis to cattle and deer. delivery via oral bait is feasible but bcg is degraded in the stomach. the aim was to determine whether ranitidine (zantac) would reduce gastric acidity and enhance the efficacy of intragastrically administered bcg. a dose of 75 mg reduced gastric acidity for at least 4 h. thus, possums were vaccinat ... | 2005 | 15766942 |
| evaluation of surveillance strategies for bovine tuberculosis (mycobacterium bovis) using an individual based epidemiological model. | the netherlands holds the bovine tuberculosis-free (btb-free) status according to european union standards, but in recent years small outbreaks of the infection have occurred. after the last outbreak in 1999 with 10 infected herds the question raised if the current surveillance system, visual inspection of carcasses at the slaughterhouse, is efficient enough to detect infected cattle in time and to maintain the official btb-free status. through epidemiological modelling, the risk of a major outb ... | 2005 | 15748757 |
| thinking the unthinkable: alzheimer's, creutzfeldt-jakob and mad cow disease: the age-related reemergence of virulent, foodborne, bovine tuberculosis or losing your mind for the sake of a shake or burger. | the possibility of the age-related reemergence of foodborne mycobacterium bovis (bovine tuberculosis) as a vector for creutzfeldt-jakob disease (cjd or human mad cow disease) and mad cow disease itself is real. the cdc reported last may of an outbreak of cjd linked to the consumption of meat contaminated "with the agent causing" bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse) in a new jersey racetrack between the time frame 1995-2004. in the opinion of experts, ample justification exists for considering ... | 2005 | 15694685 |
| drug susceptibility of brazilian strains of mycobacterium bovis using traditional and molecular techniques. | transmission of mycobacterium bovis from cattle to humans has been reported and can cause tuberculosis (tb) and a problem in certain risk populations. therefore, knowledge of resistance of m. bovis towards antibiotics used for therapy of human tb could help avoiding cure delay and treatment cost increase when dealing with drug resistant organisms. we therefore evaluated the susceptibility of m. bovis isolates towards streptomycin, isoniazide, rifampicin, ethambutol, and ethionamide, the first li ... | 2004 | 15654433 |
| molecular fingerprinting of clinical isolates of mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium tuberculosis from india by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). | forty mycobacterial strains comprising clinical indian isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis (28 field isolates +1h37 rv) and mycobacterium bovis (10 field isolates +1 an5) were subjected to restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (rflp) using is6110 and is1081 probes. most of these strains originated from dairy cattle herd and human patients from indian veterinary research institute (ivri) campus isolated from the period of 1986 to 2000. our study showed presence of 8 copies of is611 ... | 2004 | 15613817 |
| the effect of repeated tuberculin skin testing of cattle on immune responses and disease following experimental infection with mycobacterium bovis. | the comparative intradermal skin test, in which a delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) response to purified protein derivative of tuberculin (ppd) from mycobacterium bovis and m. avium is assessed and compared, may be used repeatedly on non-infected animals on farms where bovine tuberculosis (tb) has occurred. a skin test is known to affect subsequent skin tests in infected animals. the reported study was to determine whether repeated skin testing prior to infection with m. bovis might affect the ... | 2004 | 15541793 |
| new latex bead agglutination assay for differential diagnosis of cattle infected with mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | extensive studies have shown that the current assays used to identify cattle infected with mycobacterium bovis or mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis are not sufficiently sensitive and specific to detect all infected animals, especially animals recently infected with the pathogens. in the present report we show that these limitations might be overcome with a latex bead agglutination assay (lbaa). with the specific immunodominant epitope (esat6-p) of m. bovis, we developed an lbaa and enz ... | 2004 | 15539508 |
| development of vgamma2vdelta2+ t cell responses during active mycobacterial coinfection of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques requires control of viral infection and immune competence of cd4+ t cells. | vgamma2vdelta2+ t cells play a role in antimicrobial responses. it is unknown whether adaptive vgamma2vdelta2+ t cell responses during active mycobacterial coinfection of human immunodeficiency virus-infected humans can be generated during effective antiretroviral treatment. here, simian immunodeficiency virus (siv)mac-infected macaques previously exposed to bacille calmette-guerin (bcg) were reinfected with bcg, were treated either with tenofovir or tenofovir plus indinavir, and were assessed f ... | 2004 | 15378436 |
| usefulness of the genotype mtbc assay for differentiating species of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in cultures obtained from clinical specimens. | a novel dna strip assay, genotype mtbc, was evaluated for differentiation of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex species from 77 positive liquid cultures in clinical practice. species identification (m. tuberculosis [71 strains], mycobacterium bovis subsp. bovis [5 strains], and mycobacterium africanum subtype i [1 strain]) results were identical to conventional results. the sensitivity was slightly higher for this test than for the accuprobe assay. | 2004 | 15365028 |
| antigen recognition by serum antibodies in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) experimentally infected with mycobacterium bovis. | white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) have emerged as reservoirs of bovine tuberculosis in northern america. for tuberculosis surveillance of deer, antibody-based assays are particularly attractive because deer are handled only once and immediate processing of the sample is not required. sera collected sequentially from 25 mycobacterium bovis-infected and 7 noninfected deer were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), immunoblotting, and multiantigen print immunoassay (mapia ... | 2004 | 15358642 |
| is mad cow disease caused by a bacteria? | transmissible spongioform enchephalopathies (tse's), include bovine spongiform encephalopathy (also called bse or "mad cow disease"), creutzfeldt-jakob disease (cjd) in humans, and scrapie in sheep. they remain a mystery, their cause hotly debated. but between 1994 and 1996, 12 people in england came down with cjd, the human form of mad cow, and all had eaten beef from suspect cows. current mad cow diagnosis lies solely in the detection of late appearing "prions", an acronym for hypothesized, ge ... | 2004 | 15325025 |
| bovine tuberculosis: an old disease but a new threat to africa. | bovine tuberculosis (tb) is a disease characterised by progressive development of specific granulomatous lesions or tubercles in lung tissue, lymph nodes or other organs. mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of the disease. bovine species, including bison and buffaloes, are susceptible to the disease, but nearly all warm-blooded animals can be affected. all species are not equally susceptible to the disease; some are spill-over (end) hosts and others maintenance hosts. in africa, bovine tb ... | 2004 | 15305473 |
| gamma interferon production by bovine gamma delta t cells following stimulation with mycobacterial mycolylarabinogalactan peptidoglycan. | a large percentage of lymphocytes in the blood of cattle express the gamma delta t-cell receptor, but specific functions for these cells have not yet been clearly defined. there is evidence, however, that human, murine, and bovine gamma delta t cells have a role in the immune response to mycobacteria. this study investigated the ability of bovine gamma delta t cells to expand and produce gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) in response to stimulation with mycobacterial products. bovine gamma delta t cel ... | 2004 | 15271921 |
| immune response to postprimary tuberculosis in mice: mycobacterium tuberculosis and miycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guérin induce equal protection. | we addressed the question of whether protective immunity induced by natural infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis and that induced by vaccination with mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guerin (bcg) differ in the murine model. we infected mice with m. tuberculosis erdman, cured them by chemotherapy, and subsequently reinfected them with a low dose of m. tuberculosis h37rv. the course of tuberculosis was compared with that in mice previously vaccinated with bcg danish 1331. protection again ... | 2004 | 15243936 |
| bovine tuberculosis (mycobacterium bovis) in wildlife in spain. | mycobacterium bovis infection in wildlife and feral species is a potential source of infection for livestock and a threat to protected and endangered species. the aim of this study was to identify spanish wild animal species infected with m. bovis through bacteriological culture and spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotyping) of isolates for epidemiological purposes. this study included samples from red deer (cervus elaphus), fallow deer (dama dama), wild boar (sus scrofa), iberian lynx (lynx ... | 2004 | 15184440 |
| breakdown severity during a bovine tuberculosis episode as a predictor of future herd breakdowns in ireland. | a retrospective cohort study of irish cattle herds investigated whether the severity of a herd's bovine tuberculosis (btb) breakdown was a predictor of the hazard of a future btb breakdown in that herd. data on 10,926 herds not having had btb in 1995 (the "non-exposed" group) were obtained using a 10% random sample from all herds without btb in 1995. data on 6757 herds that had a new btb breakdown in 1995 (the "exposed" group) were obtained and categorized into five increasing exposure-severity ... | 2004 | 15158568 |
| estimating the true prevalence of mycobacterium bovis in hunter-harvested white-tailed deer in michigan. | apparent prevalence, although useful as a consistent index, may underestimate the true prevalence of disease. in michigan, the ability to estimate the true prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (tb; caused by mycobacterium bovis) in free-ranging white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) will become increasingly important to accurately assess progress towards eradication. our objectives were threefold: to estimate the true prevalence of m. bovis in free-ranging deer in michigan, to evaluate the effe ... | 2004 | 15137487 |
| association of tuberculin-boosted antibody responses with pathology and cell-mediated immunity in cattle vaccinated with mycobacterium bovis bcg and infected with m. bovis. | vaccine development and our understanding of the pathology of bovine tuberculosis in cattle would be greatly facilitated by definition of the immunological correlates of protection and/or pathology. in this study we analyzed humoral immune responses in mycobacterium bovis bcg-vaccinated and control cattle (in particular, the relationship between the intradermal comparative tuberculin skin test and serum immunoglobulin g [igg] responses) against a range of mycobacterial antigens (mpb59, mpb64, mp ... | 2004 | 15102752 |
| mycobacterium nonchromogenicum in nasal mucus from cattle in a herd infected with bovine tuberculosis. | skin test negative cattle from a herd containing an unusually high proportion (194/382) of tuberculin skin test positive cattle were investigated for remaining mycobacterium bovis infected animals. blood samples from the skin test negative cattle, analysed by an antibody elisa and an interferon-gamma assay, were mostly test negative for m. bovis. radiometric culture of nasal mucus samples from 48 of the cattle yielded 22 culture positives with acid-fast bacilli and cording in 6 of these. subcult ... | 2004 | 15066730 |
| induction of protective cellular immunity against mycobacterium tuberculosis by recombinant attenuated self-destructing listeria monocytogenes strains harboring eukaryotic expression plasmids for antigen 85 complex and mpb/mpt51. | we report here the induction of specific protective cellular immunity against mycobacterium tuberculosis by the employment of vaccination with recombinant attenuated listeria monocytogenes strains. we constructed self-destructing attenuated l. monocytogenes delta 2 strains carrying eukaryotic expression plasmids for the antigen 85 complex (ag85a and ag85b) and for mpb/mpt51 (mycobacterial protein secreted by m. bovis bcg/mycobacterial protein secreted by m. tuberculosis) molecules. infection of ... | 2004 | 15039321 |
| functional analysis of the mycobacterium tuberculosis mprab two-component signal transduction system. | the mechanisms utilized by mycobacterium tuberculosis to establish, maintain, or reactivate from latent infection in the host are largely unknown but likely include genes that mediate adaptation to conditions encountered during persistence. previously, a two-component signal transduction system, mprab, was found to be required in m. tuberculosis for establishment and maintenance of persistent infection in a tissue- and stage-specific fashion. to begin to characterize the role of this system in m ... | 2003 | 14638785 |
| epidemiology of mycobacterium bovis infections of pigs and wild boars using a molecular approach. | a molecular epidemiological approach was applied to establishing a possible role for the wild boar as a natural reservoir of mycobacterium bovis in sierra de villuercas, western spain; an area free of farmed cattle and wild deer populations. spoligo and vntr typing were used over a three year period to study the epidemiological relationship between the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis (tb) in extensively bred iberian pigs and indigenous wild boar. the 37 sampled wild boar showed different degre ... | 2003 | 14637044 |
| modulation of the bovine delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to defined mycobacterial antigens by a synthetic bacterial lipopeptide. | the use of defined protein and peptide antigens can overcome specificity limitations of purified protein derivatives in the detection of bovine tuberculosis when the antigens are used in blood-based tests. since the use of these specific antigens as skin test reagents could have practical advantages, we investigated the potential of mycobacterium bovis-specific antigens to stimulate delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) responses in cattle experimentally infected with m. bovis. a cocktail of the r ... | 2003 | 14573663 |
| mycobacterium bovis (bovine tb) exposure as a recreational risk for hunters: results of a michigan hunter survey, 2001. | tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis (bovine tb) is endemic in the white-tailed deer population of north-eastern michigan. hunters may be exposed to m. bovis via cutaneous inoculation while field dressing deer or by ingestion of undercooked venison. michigan hunters have received inconsistent messages about their risk of acquiring tuberculosis from recreational exposure to deer. the most common health advice offered has been to wear gloves while field dressing deer and to cook venison prod ... | 2003 | 14552572 |
| cytotoxic t-cell responses to mycobacterium bovis during experimental infection of cattle with bovine tuberculosis. | cytotoxic t-cell responses are thought to play a significant role in the host defence against mycobacterial infections. little is understood about such responses of cattle to mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis. the work described in this report demonstrates the activity of cytotoxic cells during experimental infection of cattle with m. bovis. the cytotoxic cells were found to have the ability to specifically lyse macrophages infected with m. bovis and were detected i ... | 2003 | 14511237 |
| studies on differentiation of tubercle bacilli isolated from human beings, cattle and poultry.i. morphologic and cultural characteristics. | 1963 | 14066016 | |
| in vitro effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 on interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion by blood leukocytes from young and adult cattle vaccinated with mycobacterium bovis bcg. | interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) are critical in the development of an effective immune response. vitamin d, essential in short-term calcium homeostasis and recently shown to modulate proliferation and function of blood mononuclear cells from adult dairy cattle, may be an effective modulator of the calf's immune system. effects of antigen sensitization and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3[1,25-(oh)2d3] on cytokine secretion by cells from calves vaccinated with bac ... | 2003 | 12951895 |
| genomic approach to identification of mycobacterium bovis diagnostic antigens in cattle. | differential delayed-type hypersensitivity skin testing with tuberculin purified protein derivatives from mycobacterium bovis and m. avium is the standard for diagnosing bovine tuberculosis. however, improved tests based on defined, specific antigens are urgently needed. in the present study, a combination of bioinformatics, molecular biology, and bovine models of infection were used to screen mycobacterial proteins for their potential as diagnostic reagents which could be used in a whole-blood ... | 2003 | 12904381 |
| experimental infection of brushtail possums (trichosurus vulpecula) with mycobacterium bovis by conjunctival instillation. | in new zealand, the brushtail possum (trichosurus vulpecula) is the major wildlife reservoir of mycobacterium bovis. procedures for experimentally infecting possums are required to study the pathogenesis of the disease and to challenge possums in vaccine efficacy studies. conjunctival instillation of a suspension of m. bovis was effective in producing bovine tuberculosis in captive possums. the experimental disease progressed slowly with the development of palpable lesions in superficial lymph n ... | 2003 | 12902183 |
| investigation of the role of cd8+ t cells in bovine tuberculosis in vivo. | mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (tb), and it has the potential to induce disease in humans. cd8(+) t cells (cd8 cells) have been shown to respond to mycobacterial antigens in humans, cattle, and mice. in mice, cd8 cells have been shown to play a role in protection against mycobacterial infection. to determine the role of cd8 cells in bovine tb in vivo, two groups of calves were infected with the virulent m. bovis strain af2122/97. after infection, one group was ... | 2003 | 12874305 |
| improved serodetection of mycobacterium bovis infection in badgers (meles meles) using multiantigen test formats. | despite attempts to control bovine tuberculosis, the incidence of disease in great britain continues to rise. in gb, the european badger (meles meles) is a reservoir of infection with mycobacterium bovis. in an effort to improve the serodetection of badger tuberculosis, we examined sera from m. bovis culture-positive and culture-negative badgers for their ability to recognize m. bovis antigens, using a multi-antigen print immunoassay (mapia). depending on the antigens used in the mapia, the assa ... | 2003 | 12867095 |
| polymorphic nucleotide within the promoter of nitrate reductase (narghji) is specific for mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mycobacterium tuberculosis rapidly reduces nitrate, leading to the accumulation of nitrite. this characteristic served for the past 40 years to differentiate m. tuberculosis from other members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc), such as mycobacterium bovis (non-bcg [referred to here as simply "m. bovis"]), mycobacterium bovis bcg, mycobacterium africanum, or mycobacterium microti. here, a narg deletion in m. tuberculosis showed that rapid nitrite accumulation of m. tuberculosis is ... | 2003 | 12843072 |
| mycobacterium bovis subsp. caprae caused one-third of human m. bovis-associated tuberculosis cases reported in germany between 1999 and 2001. | the prevalence of the mycobacterium bovis subsp. caprae and m. bovis subsp. bovis among german tuberculosis cases caused by the bovine tubercle bacillus from 1999 to 2001 was determined. isolates from 166 patients living in germany and 10 animals were analyzed by conventional laboratory procedures, spoligotyping, and partly by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the gyrb gene. by spoligotyping, 55 of 176 isolates (31%) could be identified as m. bovis subsp. caprae, and 121 ( ... | 2003 | 12843046 |
| the role of wc1(+) gamma delta t-cells in the delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) skin-test reaction of mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle. | delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) skin-testing with mycobacterial antigens is often used as a means of identifying mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle. better understanding of the cellular basis underlying the dth reaction is required if diagnostic methods are to be improved upon. previous studies have shown that gamma delta t-cells, particularly those bearing the wc1 molecule, are present at an early stage of developing dth responses and that such cells may modulate the developing immune resp ... | 2003 | 12814702 |
| vaccinating badgers (meles meles) against mycobacterium bovis: the ecological considerations. | bovine tuberculosis (tb) is a serious zoonotic disease, which despite a largely successful test and slaughter programme has persisted in cattle herds in parts of the uk. the badger (meles meles) is widely considered to represent a significant wildlife reservoir for the transmission of mycobacterium bovis to cattle, and has been the subject of a variety of culling strategies since the mid 1970s. nevertheless, the incidence of herd breakdowns has continued to rise, and the efficacy of culling is c ... | 2003 | 12788016 |
| use of a macrophage cell line for rapid detection of mycobacterium bovis in diagnostic samples. | mycobacterium bovis isolation on bacteriological media from suspected cases of bovine tuberculosis (tb) demands laborious and time-consuming procedures. even polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and radiometric analyses are secondary procedures and not alternatives to bacteriological procedures. therefore, there is a need to develop new techniques aimed at rapid m. bovis detection in diagnostic samples. the human macrophage cell line thp-1 was thus investigated in experiments of m. bovis propagation ... | 2003 | 12781479 |
| gelatinase activity in mycobacterium bovis protein extract. | proteases are well-recognized as virulence factors in different pathologies, resulting in tissue damage potential. despite efforts over the past few years to identify mycobacterial protein antigens, there is little information regarding the role of mycobacterial proteinase activities. in this study, by zymography techniques, we have detected and partially studied some biochemical properties of mycobacterium bovis proteases, such as ph dependency of activity and susceptibility to classical protei ... | 2002 | 12768927 |
| evaluation of susceptibility of mycobacterium bovis to antituberculous drugs by radiometric bactec 460tb system. | susceptibility of mycobacterium bovis strains to antituberculous drugs (isoniazid and rifampin) was detected by radiometric bactec 460tb system. m.bovis strains were isolated from tissue samples showing tuberculous lesions collected at an abbattoir from cattle belonging to 47 tuberculosis outbreaks occurring in northern italy in 1995-1999. forty-six out of 61 strains (75.4%) resulted susceptible to both isoniazid and rifampin. thirteen strains (21.3%) were resistant to isoniazid only. no strains ... | 2003 | 12737201 |