Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| immune responses against salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis infection in virally immunosuppressed chickens. | to understand the role of immune mechanisms in protecting chickens from salmonella infections, we examined the immune responses of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis-infected chickens and the effect of chicken anemia virus (cav), a t-cell-targeted virus, on s. enterica serovar enteritidis-induced immune responses. one-day-old chicks were orally inoculated with s. enterica serovar enteritidis with or without intramuscular injection of cav. the bacterial infection, pathology, and immune respo ... | 2003 | 12853403 |
| wortmannin enhances lipopolysaccharide-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in microglia in the presence of astrocytes in rats. | microglia, the primary inflammatory cells in the brain, are activated upon brain injury. activated microglia produce nitric oxide (no), a major toxin to neuronal cells. it has been reported that astrocytes inhibit microglial activation. in this study, we found that wortmannin, a natural inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, significantly increased lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced no release and inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) expression in microglia in the presence but not in the ab ... | 2003 | 12853104 |
| investigation of the distribution and control of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis pt6 in layer breeding and egg production. | investigations were carried out in a layer breeder hatchery, a layer parent rearing farm, a layer parent farm and in a commercial pullet rearing and cage layer farm where salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) pt6 had become established. pt6 was initially found in focal points in the hatchery, such as hatcher ventilation ducting, tray wash areas and waste areas, but improved disinfection was followed by a rapid disappearance of contamination. several different phage types of s. ... | 2003 | 12850912 |
| regional dissemination of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis is season dependent. | to carry out epidemiological typing of clinical isolates of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and analysis of their antibiotic resistance. | 2003 | 12848748 |
| undiagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus presenting with salmonella bacteremia: a case report and mini-review. | 2003 | 12848738 | |
| communicable disease and health protection quarterly review: october to december 2002. | 2003 | 12848412 | |
| dietary fructo-oligosaccharides dose-dependently increase translocation of salmonella in rats. | prebiotics, such as fructo-oligosaccharides (fos), stimulate the protective gut microflora, resulting in an increased production of organic acids. this may result in increased luminal killing of acid-sensitive pathogens. however, host defense against invasive pathogens, like salmonella, also depends on the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa. rapid fermentation of prebiotics leading to high concentrations of organic acids may impair the barrier function. therefore, we determined the dose-d ... | 2003 | 12840199 |
| optimization of a reusable hollow-fiber ultrafilter for simultaneous concentration of enteric bacteria, protozoa, and viruses from water. | the detection and identification of pathogens from water samples remain challenging due to variations in recovery rates and the cost of procedures. ultrafiltration offers the possibility to concentrate viral, bacterial, and protozoan organisms in a single process by using size-exclusion-based filtration. in this study, two hollow-fiber ultrafilters with 50,000-molecular-weight cutoffs were evaluated to concentrate microorganisms from 2- and 10-liter water samples. when known quantities (10(5) to ... | 2003 | 12839786 |
| severe salmonella enteritidis infection with fatality in healthy boy. | 2003 | 12839723 | |
| mycotic aneurysm of the aortic arch due to salmonella. | we report the successful treatment of a 79-year-old man with an extremely rare mycotic aneurysm of the aortic arch due to salmonella. the patient presented with persistent fever, hoarseness, and hemosputum. computed tomography showed a large saccular aneurysm with a hazy aortic wall in the aortic arch. we conducted emergency total arch replacement, debriding surrounding infectious tissue. cultures from the aneurysm grew salmonella enteritidis. infection recurred 1 week postoperatively, requiring ... | 2003 | 12831241 |
| involvement of intestinal inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) in the early stages of murine salmonellosis. | local induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) and apoptosis was examined in the intestine of mice infected with virulent salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis 5694 (s. enteritidis) and its attenuated derivative mutant e/1/3. both, intestinal inos mrna expression and inos activity showed a peak at 4 h only in animals receiving the virulent s. enteritidis. aminoguanidine treatment abrogated intestinal epithelial damage produced by virulent s. enteritidis and diminished apoptosis at t ... | 2003 | 12829292 |
| laboratory surveillance of bacterial gastroenteric pathogens in the netherlands, 1991-2001. | results of the dutch laboratory surveillance of bacterial gastroenteritis between 1991 and 2001 are presented and compared with recent findings in general practices and in the community. between 1996 and 2000 the mean annual number of stools screened by sentinel laboratories was about 1000 samples/100,000 inhabitants, which is 4% of the estimated annual incidence of gastroenteritis in the dutch population. campylobacter (36/100,000 inhabitants) and salmonella (24/100,000 inhabitants) were the ma ... | 2003 | 12825727 |
| a national outbreak of infection with salmonella enteritidis phage types 5c and 6a associated with chinese food businesses in scotland, summer 2000. | an outbreak of salmonellosis, involving cases of infection with salmonella enteritidis phage types (pt) 5c and 6a, occurred across scotland between may and august 2000. in total, 70 outbreak cases were microbiologically confirmed. preliminary investigation suggested that consumption of food, especially chicken dishes, from chinese restaurants or take-aways (food businesses) was a risk factor for infection. a matched case-control study demonstrated a statistically significant association (or 22.4 ... | 2003 | 12825722 |
| outbreak of salmonella enteritidis and isolation of salmonella sofia in chinchillas (chinchilla laniger). | 2003 | 12825706 | |
| in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and methanol extracts of herbal parts and callus cultures of satureja hortensis l. | the present study was designated to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil, obtained by using a clevenger distillation apparatus, water soluble (polar) and water insoluble (nonpolar) subfractions of the methanol extracts from aerial parts of satureja hortensis l. plants, and methanol extract from calli established from the seeds using gamborg's b5 basal media supplemented with indole-3-butyric acid (1.0 ppm), 6-benzylaminopurine (n(6)-benzyladenine) (1.0 ppm), ... | 2003 | 12822930 |
| a comparison of antimicrobial susceptibilities in nontyphoidal salmonellas from humans and food animals in england and wales in 2000. | a joint study by the public health laboratory service and the veterinary laboratories agency of resistance to antimicrobials in isolates of salmonella enterica serotypes enteritidis, typhimurium, hadar, and virchow from humans and food-producing animals in england and wales in 2000 has demonstrated that resistance was most common in typhimurium, particularly in strains of definitive phage type (dt) 104. however resistance was also common in other phage types, particularly dts 193 and 208 and pha ... | 2003 | 12820804 |
| pyomyositis of the vastus medialis muscle associated with salmonella enteritidis in a child. | we describe a 23-month-old boy with pyomyositis of the vastus medialis muscle caused by salmonella enteritidis. such focal salmonella infections are uncommon in soft tissue. it is noteworthy of this case that there were no antecedent signs of gastroenteritis and no underlying medical condition. mri, in particular the fat-suppressed t2-weighted sequence, is helpful for establishing the diagnosis and differentiating pyomyositis from other pathological conditions. | 2003 | 12819836 |
| cpg-induced immunomodulation and intracellular bacterial killing in a chicken macrophage cell line. | the immunostimulatory properties of synthetic cpg oligodeoxynucleotides (odns) have been studied in various mammalian models including humans and mice. however, little was known about effects of cpg odns on immune responses of chickens, a common avian species with important economical value in the poultry industry. in the present study, two cpg odns, 2006 and 1826, which show immunomodulating properties for humans and mice were tested using a chicken macrophage cell line (hd11). odn 2006, which ... | 2003 | 12818639 |
| detection of a nosocomial outbreak of salmonellosis may be delayed by application of a protocol for rejection of stool cultures. | in october 2001 an outbreak of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis phage-type 6 occurred in a hospital and a nursing home, both served by the same hospital kitchen. five nursing home residents died during the outbreak. s. enteritidis was isolated from three of them. of 231 stool samples from nursing home residents, hospital patients and employees, 82 were culture-positive. all symptomatic patients were treated with oral ciprofloxacin. inspection of the kitchen showed that during preparation ... | 2003 | 12818580 |
| molting and salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis infection: the problem and some solutions. | induced molting is an important economic tool used by the egg industry to recycle an aging layer flock. it is estimated that approximately 70% of the flocks nationwide and almost 100% in california are molted annually. considering that there are approximately 240 million hens in production in the u.s., a rough estimate of the numbers of hens molted every year would be between 144 and 168 million birds, a substantial number. there are many methods to induce molt, but feed removal until hens lose ... | 2003 | 12817457 |
| the gastrointestinal tract ecology of salmonella enteritidis colonization in molting hens. | there is an interaction between feed withdrawal induced-molting and foodborne salmonella enteritidis colonization and invasion in susceptible laying hens. less is known about the ecology of the indigenous microflora and their response to feed removal, the response of s. enteritidis to feed removal (virulence expression), and the interaction between the gastrointestinal tract microenvironment and s. enteritidis. because the crop is the first host environment encountered by s. enteritidis after in ... | 2003 | 12817456 |
| competitive exclusion by bacillus subtilis spores of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis and clostridium perfringens in young chickens. | cost effective control of avian diseases and food borne pathogens remains a high priority for all sectors of the poultry industry with cleansing and disinfection, vaccination and competitive exclusion approaches being used widely. previous studies showed that bacillus subtilis py79(hr) was an effective competitive exclusion agent for use in poultry to control avian pathogenic escherichia coli serotype o78:k80. here we report experiments that were undertaken to test the efficacy of b. subtilis py ... | 2003 | 12814892 |
| application of a novel immunomagnetic separation-bacteriophage assay for the detection of salmonella enteritidis and escherichia coli o157:h7 in food. | salmonella infection is the second most prevalent cause of foodborne illness in most developing countries. meat, poultry, and dairy products are frequently implicated in outbreaks. the objective of this study was to apply a novel immunomagnetic separation (ims)-bacteriophage assay to the detection of salmonella enteritidis in artificially inoculated skimmed milk powder, chicken rinses, and ground beef. in all food types tested, the ims-bacteriophage assay was able to detect an average of 3 cfu o ... | 2003 | 12810271 |
| reducing colonization of salmonella enteritidis in chicken by targeting outer membrane proteins. | to evaluate the ability of salmonella enterica ser. enteritidis outer membrane proteins (omps) of 75.6 and 82.3 kda to inhibit or reduce in vivo colonization of s. enteritidis on intestinal mucosa in chickens. | 2003 | 12807464 |
| inactivation by ionizing radiation of salmonella enteritidis, salmonella infantis, and vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters (crassostrea brasiliana). | irradiation is considered one of the most efficient technological processes for the reduction of microorganisms in food. it can be used to improve the safety of food products, and to extend their shelf lives. oysters are considered one of the most important vehicles for pathogenic bacteria because of their feeding characteristics. the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a gamma radiation process on high levels of salmonella enteritidis, salmonella infantis, and vibrio parahaemolyt ... | 2003 | 12801004 |
| spreading of salmonella enteritidis in the cecum of chickens. | adhesion and colonization of high (2 x 10(8) cfu) and low doses (2 x 10(2) cfu) of salmonella enteritidis (phage type 4) was determined in the ceca collected 6 h-4 weeks after inoculation (pi), of 1-d-old white plymouth rock orally-inoculated chickens. s. enteritidis was associated with the epithelial surface of the villi in the low-dose group 18 h-7 d pi, the penetration in the cecal lamina propria was observed on day 1 and 10 pi. in the high-dose group, adhesion and colonization was observed i ... | 2003 | 12800516 |
| induction of macrophage nitric oxide production by gram-negative flagellin involves signaling via heteromeric toll-like receptor 5/toll-like receptor 4 complexes. | the induction of cytokine synthesis by flagellin is mediated by a toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5) signaling pathway. although flagellin activation of the il-1r-associated kinase and induction of tnf-alpha synthesis are dependent on tlr5 and not tlr4, we have found that flagellin stimulates no in macrophages via a pathway that requires tlr5 and tlr4. flagellin induced no synthesis in henc2 cells, a murine macrophage cell line that expresses wild-type tlr4, but not in tlr4-mutant or -deficient gg2ee a ... | 2003 | 12794153 |
| the world health organization's external quality assurance system proficiency testing program has improved the accuracy of antimicrobial susceptibility testing and reporting among participating laboratories using nccls methods. | a total of 150 laboratories in 33 countries that followed the nccls testing procedures participated in the world health organization's external quality assurance system for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (eqas-ast) from january 1998 through march 2001. laboratories tested seven bacterial isolates for antimicrobial resistance and reported the results to the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) in atlanta, ga. the results were compared to the results generated at the cdc with the ... | 2003 | 12791851 |
| evaluation of dna extraction methods for use in combination with sybr green i real-time pcr to detect salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in poultry. | the objective of this study was to develop a rapid, reproducible, and robust method for detecting salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in poultry samples. first, for the extraction and purification of dna from the preenrichment culture, four methods (boiling, alkaline lysis, nucleospin, and dynabeads dna direct system i) were compared. the most effective method was then combined with a real-time pcr method based on the double-stranded dna binding dye sybr green i used with the abi prism 7700 ... | 2003 | 12788750 |
| the use of flow cytometry to detect expression of subunits encoded by 11 salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium fimbrial operons. | the salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium (s. typhimurium) genome contains 13 putative fimbrial operons termed agf (csg), fim, pef, lpf, bcf, saf, stb, stc, std, stf, sth, sti and stj. evidence for in vitro expression of fimbrial proteins encoded by these operons is currently only available for agf, fim and pef. we raised antisera against putative major fimbrial subunits of s. typhimurium, including agfa, fima, pefa, lpfa, bcfa, stba, stca, stda, stfa, stha and stia. elaboration of stca on th ... | 2003 | 12787362 |
| defense mechanisms of ifn-gamma and lps-primed murine microglia against acanthamoeba castellanii infection. | in the central nervous system (cns), cytokine-primed microglia play a central role in host's defense against acanthamoeba castellanii infection. in this study, the effect of recombinant interferon (rifn)-gamma and salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (lps), both inflammatory stimuli, on a. castellanii infection in murine microglia was examined. priming of microglia with rifn-gamma and lps synergistically triggered, in a dose-dependent manner, amebastatic activity in these c ... | 2003 | 12781699 |
| differential modulation of enterocyte-like caco-2 cells after exposure to short-chain fatty acids. | the response of intestinal epithelial cells to short-chain fatty acids, which are increasingly used as food additives, was investigated. human small intestinal epithelial cell model caco-2 cells were exposed to formate, propionate and butyrate to assess their effect on cellular growth, metabolism, differentiation and protection against bacteria. the caco-2 cells were entirely grown in the different short-chain fatty acids and respective growth patterns were determined. differentiated cells were ... | 2003 | 12775461 |
| immunochemical detection of salmonella group b, d and e using an optical surface plasmon resonance biosensor. | a surface plasmon resonance biosensor (biacore) was used to detect salmonella through antibodies reacting with salmonella group a, b, d and e (kauffmann-white typing). in the assay designed, anti-salmonella antibodies immobilized to the biosensor surface were allowed to bind injected bacteria followed by a pulse with soluble anti-salmonella immunoglobulins to intensify the signal. no significant interference was found for (mixtures of) 30 non-salmonella serovars at 10(9) cfu ml(-1). a total of 5 ... | 2003 | 12757949 |
| the use of selective pharmacological inhibitors to delineate signal transduction pathways activated during complement receptor-mediated degranulation in chicken heterophils. | complement receptors (crs), along with fc receptors, play a primary role in the removal of bacterial pathogens in poultry. the binding of serum-opsonized bacteria to cr results in the secretion of both toxic oxygen metabolites and antibacterial granules. we have previously shown that the stimulation of chicken heterophils with serum-opsonized salmonella enteritidis induced tyrosine kinase-dependent phosphorylation regulated degranulation. in the present studies, we used selective pharmacological ... | 2003 | 12757738 |
| liver abscess due to salmonella enteritidis in a returned traveler with hiv infection: case report and review of the literature. | bacteremia due to non-typhi salmonella is more frequent in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). however, focal complications have been rarely described. we report a case of liver abscess due to salmonella enteritidis in an hiv-infected patient who recently returned to sao paulo, brazil, from a trip in the caribbean. a good clinical and radiological response was seen with both percutaneous catheter drainage and antibiotic treatment. to our knowledge, this is the first cu ... | 2003 | 12754581 |
| phenotypic and molecular characterization of salmonella enteritidis strains isolated in são paulo, brazil. | in são paulo state, brazil, the epidemic increase in isolation of salmonella enteritidis has been observed since 1994. a total of 105 s. enteritidis strains (72 from human and 33 from non-human sources) isolated during the period 1975-1995, previously characterized by phage typing, was analyzed by antimicrobial susceptibility, plasmid profile, and ribotyping. over 70% of the strains were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested, however, multiple resistance to antimicrobials was observed a ... | 2003 | 12754568 |
| molecular fingerprinting evidence of the contribution of wildlife vectors in the maintenance of salmonella enteritidis infection in layer farms. | to provide molecular fingerprinting evidence of the contribution of wildlife vectors in the on-farm epidemiology of salmonella enteritidis infections. | 2003 | 12752810 |
| repeated gallium-67 scan demonstrating an occult mycotic aneurysm of the aortic arch due to salmonella. | a 71 y-old female with 40 degrees c fever and a change in consciousness during haemodialysis was referred for a gallium-67 scan, which revealed a horseshoe-like radioactive accumulation in the mediastinal region. salmonella enteritidis was isolated from blood culture. magnetic resonance imaging confirmed an aortic arch aneurysm. the patient died without surgery. | 2003 | 12751718 |
| hypothalamic mechanisms of immunity. | the present article considers a synthetical analysis of the results reported by our laboratory in the last twenty years in the field of neuroimmunomodulation. the studies we discuss here continue a previous research activity, a synthesis of which has also been published in this journal (baciu, 1988). in that paper, we reported data concerning the role of the hypothalamic tubero-mammillary area in triggering of the phagocytic and of the secondary immune specific response. here, we present an anal ... | 2003 | 12751435 |
| phage types of salmonella enteritidis isolated from clinical and food samples, and from broiler carcasses in southern brazil. | 272 isolates of salmonella enteritidis (111 isolated from frozen broiler chicken carcasses, 126 from human food and other biological materials involved in food poisoning outbreaks and 35 from different poultry materials) were selected for phage typing. from these, 111 were phage typed, 57.65% being classified as phage type 4, 32.43% as phage type 4a, 3.60% as phage type 6a and 0.90% as phage type 7, whereas 5.40% samples were not phage typeable. the predominance of phage type 4 is in agreement w ... | 2003 | 12751314 |
| rp33 activates bacterial killing by chicken peripheral blood heterophils. | the protection of poultry from infection by salmonella is of major concern with regard to human health because salmonella is a common bacterial cause of foodborne diseases, and protection without the use of antibiotics is preferable in order to avoid possible complications involving antibiotic resistance. salmonella immune lymphokine (silk), produced by stimulated splenic t cells from salmonella enteritidis-immunized chickens, has been shown to confer protection against salmonella infection on d ... | 2003 | 12747686 |
| functional comparison of heterophils isolated from commercial broiler chickens. | heterophils from two pure lines (a and b) of commercial broiler chickens were isolated on days 1, 4, and 7 post-hatch to evaluate their ability to (1) phagocytose salmonella enteritidis (se) (2) degranulate when exposed to immune-igg opsonized se, and (3) produce an oxidative burst. on days 1 and 4, heterophils from line a were functionally more efficient compared to heterophils from line b (p<0.05). by 7 days post hatch, heterophil functions for both lines were comparable. to further study the ... | 2003 | 12745385 |
| passage of salmonella through the crop and gizzard of broiler chickens fed with fermented liquid feed. | in vivo experiments were conducted in order to investigate the passage and bacterial reduction of salmonella in the crop and gizzard of chickens when fed two different feeds. the chickens were fed dry conventional feed and fermented liquid feed. the fermented feed contains a relatively high concentration of lactic and acetic acid and lactobacilli. one and three week old broiler chickens were necropsied at short intervals after inoculation with salmonella enteritidis. counts of salmonella from th ... | 2003 | 12745371 |
| chicken mhc class i and ii gene effects on antibody response kinetics in adult chickens. | the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) plays an important role in regulation of the immune response. the mhc class i and ii genes were selected as candidates to investigate associations with vaccine response to salmonella enteritidis and kinetics of antibody response to sheep red blood cell (srbc) and brucella abortus. primary antibody response after s. enteritidis vaccination at day 10, and antibody response to srbc and killed b. abortus after immunization at 19 and 22 weeks were measured i ... | 2003 | 12743657 |
| ventilator-induced heat shock protein 70 and cytokine mrna expression in a model of lipopolysaccharide-induced lung inflammation. | to investigate the effect of mechanical ventilation with no peep (zeep) and 4 cmh(2)o peep on heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) and pulmonary inflammatory cytokine expression in a model of lipopolysaccharide (lps) induced lung inflammation. | 2003 | 12734649 |
| a food-borne outbreak caused by salmonella enteritidis. | this study was designed to define the epidemiology of a food-borne outbreak caused by salmonella enteritidis that affected only one squadron of a military battalion located in the vicinity of the city of edirne in turkey. the outbreak was analyzed by a standard surveillance form of the centers for disease control and prevention. the relationship between the eaten foods and cases was analyzed by fisher's exact chi-square test, and odds ratios were calculated by a case-control study. the outbreak ... | 2003 | 12728457 |
| inflammatory agonist stimulation and signal pathway of oxidative burst in neonatal chicken heterophils. | heterophils are the predominant polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) in poultry. the oxidative burst of activated heterophils, which generates reactive oxygen species (ros), is one of the first line cellular defenses against invading microorganisms. in this report, the oxidative response of heterophils from neonatal chicks to in vitro stimulation by various inflammatory agonists was investigated using a fluorescence microplate assay. both non-opsonized formalin-killed salmonella enteritidis and s ... | 2003 | 12727554 |
| application of hexanal, e-2-hexenal, and hexyl acetate to improve the safety of fresh-sliced apples. | the aims of this work were to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of hexanal, (e)-2-hexenal, hexyl acetate, and their mixtures on the fate of pathogenic species such as escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, and listeria monocytogenes inoculated in model systems as well as the antimicrobial activity against the target species of the chosen molecules when added to the packaging atmosphere of inoculated fresh-sliced apples. the result obtained in this work pointed out the potential ... | 2003 | 12720377 |
| low persistence of a large-plasmid-cured variant of salmonella enteritidis in ceca of chicks. | in order to estimate the contribution of salmonella in the persistence of this bacterium in chicks, we compared the persistence of a salmonella enteritidis strain and its plasmid-cured variant in a chicken asymptomatic carrier state model. after oral inoculation, colonization with the plasmid-cured strain was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) in the ceca of chicks from the third week postinoculation and persisted for a shorter period than the wild-type strain. moreover, numbers of s. enteriditis ... | 2003 | 12713172 |
| the role of disinfectant resistance of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in recurring infections in pennsylvania egg quality assurance program monitored flocks. | the pennsylvania egg quality assurance program (peqap) has made major gains in the reduction of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (s. enteritidis). however, s. enteritidis continues to be a major food safety concern for the commercial egg laying industry. despite intensive control efforts through peqap, some commercial egg layer houses still remain positive for s. enteritidis. the primary objective of this study was to determine whether s. enteritidis isolates obtained from historically e ... | 2003 | 12713169 |
| salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in table egg layer house environments and in mice in u.s. layer houses and associated risk factors. | prevalence was estimated for salmonella enterica serotype eneritidis (se) in layer house environments (n = 200 layer houses) and house mice (n = 129 layer houses) in 15 states throughout the united states. environmental swabs were collected from manure, egg belts, elevators, and walkways. live-catch rodent traps were placed for 4-7 days. swabs and house mice were submitted to the laboratory for bacterial culture. overall, 7.1% of layer houses and 3.7% of mice were culture positive for se. the hi ... | 2003 | 12713168 |
| [effect of bifidobacteria on the anti-lysozyme activity of enterobacteria]. | the influence of the subinhibitory concentrations of bifidobacterial exometabolites on the capacity for inactivating lysozyme in pathogenic and opportunistic enterobacteria was determined. the supernatant of b. bifidum 1 suppressed antilysozyme activity (ala) in most klebsiella strains and in some pathogenic escherichia coli strains, but increased ala in some e. coli of indigenous flora and failed to influence ala in salmonellae. the stimulating effect of the vital activity products of bifidobac ... | 2000 | 12712520 |
| identification of a sequence in human toll-like receptor 5 required for the binding of gram-negative flagellin. | flagellins from gram-negative bacteria activate inflammatory cells by a toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5)-dependent signaling pathway. we have examined the interaction between flagellin and tlr5 using an in vitro binding assay. purified recombinant his-tagged flagellin from salmonella enteritidis bound to tlr5 in detergent lysates from cos-1 cells transiently transfected with a human tlr5 expression plasmid. flagellins from salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli also bound to tlr5. the specificit ... | 2003 | 12711596 |
| investigations into possible alternative decontamination methods for salmonella enteritidis on the surface of table eggs. | investigations into various alternative techniques for decontamination of the surfaces of artificially contaminated shell eggs were carried out. ionized air, exposure to ozone in a dry atmosphere and use of a commercial herbal antibacterial product were not effective. application of ozone in a humid environment was only partially effective but a commercial ionized water anolyte was highly effective in eliminating salmonella from egg surfaces. | 2003 | 12710499 |
| detection of salmonella enteritidis in incubated pools of egg contents by fluorescence polarization and lateral flow immunodiffusion. | efficient detection of salmonella enteritidis inside eggs is critical for confirming that individual commercial laying flocks present a risk to public health. in most standard bacteriological culturing protocols, an initial incubation step is necessary to allow the typically very small population of s. enteritidis cells in pools of egg contents to multiply to more easily detectable levels. in the present study, two rapid methods were evaluated as alternatives to plating on selective media for de ... | 2003 | 12710492 |
| fermented liquid feed reduces susceptibility of broilers for salmonella enteritidis. | the presence of salmonella in chickens is a problem because poultry meat is recognized as a source of human salmonellosis. fermented feed has characteristics like a high number of lactobacilli and high concentration of lactic acid, which could make chickens less susceptible for infection with salmonella. fermented feed might therefore prevent the colonization of chickens with salmonella. two studies were performed to quantify the effect of fermented liquid feed on the susceptibility of broilers ... | 2003 | 12710480 |
| characterization of a locus encoding four paralogous outer membrane lipoproteins of brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | the identification of brachyspira hyodysenteriae outer membrane proteins (omps) that may stimulate immunity to swine dysentery is important for vaccine development. we report here the analysis of a novel locus, blpgfea, encoding four tandem paralogous proteins of approximately 30 kda from b. hyodysenteriae. the four proteins share 31-39% sequence identity with lipoproteins from several species of bacterial pathogens, but the locus possesses a unique genetic organization. using antisera raised to ... | 2003 | 12706440 |
| incubation of supplemented egg contents pools to support rapid detection of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | detecting internal contamination of eggs with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (salmonella enteritidis) is an important aspect of efforts to identify infected laying flocks. when egg contents pools are tested for salmonella enteritidis, a preliminary incubation step is often employed to allow small initial populations of contaminants to multiply to more easily detectable numbers. consistent detection of salmonella enteritidis in egg pools by direct plating requires the presence of at leas ... | 2003 | 12696691 |
| effectiveness of electrolyzed acidic water in killing escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enteritidis, and listeria monocytogenes on the surfaces of tomatoes. | a study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of electrolyzed acidic water, 200-ppm chlorine water, and sterile distilled water in killing escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella, and listeria monocytogenes on the surfaces of spot-inoculated tomatoes. inoculated tomatoes were sprayed with electrolyzed acidic water, 200-ppm chlorine water, and sterile distilled water (control) and rubbed by hand for 40 s. populations of e. coli o157:h7, salmonella, and l. monocytogenes in the rinse water and in the ... | 2003 | 12696675 |
| adhesion of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis isolates to chicken isthmal glandular secretions. | the ability of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis isolates to adhere to immobilized secretions of the isthmus of the laying hen was determined in an elisa-type assay. one-third of the 56 isolates tested in the logarithmic growth phase, adhered to the isthmal secretions. using a binding assay of the isolates to thin paraffin sections of the oviduct, we demonstrated that the receptor of the adhesion was localized inside the tubular gland cells of the isthmus. the adhesion to immobilized isth ... | 2003 | 12695046 |
| clinical microbiological case: a patient with vascular risk factors, chest pain and fever. | 2003 | 12691543 | |
| infective endocarditis not related to intravenous drug abuse in hiv-1-infected patients: report of eight cases and review of the literature. | to add to the limited information on infective endocarditis (ie) not related to intravenous drug abuse (ivda) in hiv-1-infected patients. | 2003 | 12691542 |
| postoperative mediastinitis due to salmonella. | mediastinitis remains one of the most serious and dreaded complications of median sternotomy. salmonella is a rare cause of mediastinal infection. the case is reported of a patient who underwent heart valve surgery and developed a salmonella enteritidis bacteraemia in the postoperative period, which caused aortic dissection and mediastinitis. | 2003 | 12685888 |
| analysis of molecular epidemiology of chilean salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and bacteriophage typing. | human salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis infections emerged in chile in 1994. s. enterica serotype enteritidis phage type 1 isolates predominated in the north, and phage type 4 isolates predominated in the central and southern regions. a study was planned to characterize this epidemic using the best discriminatory typing technique. research involved 441 s. enterica serotype enteritidis isolates, including clinical preepidemic samples (n = 74; 1975 to 1993) and epidemic (n = 199), food (n = ... | 2003 | 12682153 |
| the rise and fall of salmonella enteritidis in the uk. | after rising in the early 1980s, the number of recorded human cases of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica in the uk has fallen in the last 5 years, with a particular decline in cases of infection with serovar enteritidis. this decline has been concomitant with the introduction of vaccination of egg-laying hens against serovar enteritidis. it is likely that other factors such as improved biosecurity in egg-laying flocks, a build-up of immunity in other animals and the rise in the number of lives ... | 2003 | 12675943 |
| exposure of salmonella enteritidis to chlorine or food preservatives decreases [corrected] susceptibility to antibiotics. | mutants of salmonella enteritidis selected following exposure to the sanitizer chlorine or to the preservatives sodium nitrite, sodium benzoate or acetic acid show resistance to multiple antibiotics (tetracycline, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin). complementation experiments with a functional marr restored antibiotic susceptibility of selected mutants to levels similar to wild-type strains, suggesting that mar mutation was responsible for resistance. the multiple antibiotic re ... | 2003 | 12670679 |
| antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis: relationships between mutations conferring quinolone resistance, integrons, plasmids and genetic types. | in 481 clinical isolates of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis collected from a spanish region in 2000, 108, 83 and four isolates were resistant, respectively, to nalidixic acid, ampicillin or both. nalidixic acid resistance was the result of dna gyrase mutations involving the codons asp-87 (97 isolates) and ser-83 (15 isolates) of the gyra gene; no mutations in parc were detected. in ampicillin-resistant strains, blatem genes located on plasmids and/or the chromosome were implicated. five ... | 2003 | 12668577 |
| [phage types and plasmid profiles of plasmid dna strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. enteritidis (s. enteritidis) isolated from food poisoning outbreaks in 2001]. | salmonella enteritidis strains are the most often isolated salmonella serovar in poland. in the present study, phage typing, antibiotic resistance testing and plasmid profile analysis, have been applied to characterise 41 polish s. enteritidis isolates originated from human cases of salmonellosis and from other sources. the typing phages of ward and colleagues scheme were used to type a total of 41 s. enteritidis strains coming from poland. all 41 strains were typable and 5 different phage types ... | 2002 | 12650055 |
| reversible diffusion-weighted mr findings of salmonella enteritidis-associated encephalopathy. | 2003 | 12646766 | |
| salmonella pericarditis in a patient with primary idiopathic chylopericardium. | we report a case of a 40-year-old man with chylopericardium who developed purulent pericarditis caused by salmonella enteritidis. thoracoscopic pericardiotomy with debridement effectively controlled the pericardial infection. | 2003 | 12645149 |
| evaluation of selective and non-selective enrichment pcr procedures for salmonella detection. | to compare pcr combined with enrichment media with the standard microbiological techniques (smt) and to determine the most sensitive method for the detection of salmonella and the identification of salm. typhimurium (st), salm. enteritidis (se), salm. gallinarum (sg) and salm. pullorum (sp). | 2003 | 12641714 |
| effects of gamma ray and electron-beam irradiations on survival of anaerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria. | an extension of the approval for food irradiation is desired due to the increase in the incidence of food poisoning in the world. one anaerobic (clostridium perfringens) and four facultatively anaerobic (bacillus cereus, escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella enteritidis) bacteria irradiated with gamma ray or electron beam (e-beam) were tested in terms of survival on agar under packaging atmosphere. using pouch pack, effects of two irradiations on survival of anaerobic ... | 2002 | 12638185 |
| interactions of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar muenchen with intestinal explants of the turtle trachemys scripta scripta. | salmonella infections in reptiles, in contrast to those in birds and mammals, are limited to the intestinal tract. in this study, interactions of a strain of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar muenchen (seem) with intestinal explants of the turtle trachemys scripta scripta were examined by scanning electron microscopy (sem). adhesion and invasion in the chelonian intestinal explants at 30 degrees c and 37 degrees c were evaluated quantitatively. for purposes of comparison, the invasive ... | 2003 | 12634088 |
| anterior chest wall abscess caused by salmonella enteritidis in a healthy adult. | we report a case of anterior chest wall abscess in an immunocompetent adult by salmonella enteritidis, whose food was contaminated by bird droppings. the patient did not have any gastrointestinal symptoms. surgical excision followed by antibiotics (cefuroxime and ciprofloxacin) successfully treated the condition. to our knowledge, this is the first reported case of anterior chest wall abscess caused by s. enteritidis in an immunocompetent adult without any preceding gastrointestinal symptoms. we ... | 2003 | 12634079 |
| salmonella enteric infections in gipuzkoa, spain, 1983-2000. | the incidence of salmonella enteric infections in gipuzkoa, spain, was estimated by studying a stable population between 1983 and 2000. only stool culture confirmed cases were included. the annual mean rate of infection in children under 2 years old was 1121 per 100,000 (ci 95%; 1060-1181). this age group had the highest relative risk (rr), 16.2-fold higher than the rr of those aged over 14 years. salmonella enteritidis was the most prevalent serovar (80.4% of all patients), followed by salmonel ... | 2003 | 12631976 |
| the salm-gene project - a european collaboration for dna fingerprinting for food-related salmonellosis. | an external quality assessment of pfge method to discriminate between salmonella serotypes and lysotypes was carried out by the salm-gene project in europe. a set of 16 strains of s. enteritidis was sent to 9 national salmonella reference laboratories. by using a harmonised protocol, the pfge profiles produced were comparable between each centre. in most cases, there was at least 90% similarity between isolates tested in the different european laboratories and there was usually >95% similarity. ... | 2003 | 12631975 |
| evolution of antibiotic resistance of non-typhoidal salmonellae in greece during 1990-97. | susceptibility to 15 antibiotics was determined in 1548 non-typhoidal salmonella strains isolated in greece from l990 to l997. the overall prevalence of resistance of both salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis and salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium increased during the first years of the study. a decrease was observed from 1996, especially for s. enteritidis, which showed the highest overall antibiotic resistance. s. typhimurium was the serotype with the highest multiresistance to antib ... | 2001 | 12631956 |
| an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis infection associated with iced cake. | several people developed severe symptoms of gastroenteritis after attending a first holy communion banquet in benevento, a town of 60 000 inhabitants in southern italy. about 60 people had attended the banquet, held on 14 june 1998, between 1400 and 1800 | 1999 | 12631915 |
| an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis food poisoning from a commercially produced cheese. | nine suspected cases of food poisoning were reported from three hospitals to the epidemiology and prevention service (servizio di epidemiologia e prevenzione - sep) of the local health authority in naples district (azienda sanitaria locale, asl na 4) betw | 1999 | 12631908 |
| salmonella enteritidis in western europe 1995-98 - a surveillance report from enter-net. | a decline in the incidence of salmonella enteritidis infections in western europe was identified by the salm-net (forerunner of enter-net) salmonella database between 1993 and 1995, when the numbers of s. enteritidis isolates fell from 37 647 to 31 482. t | 1999 | 12631904 |
| outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 1 infection in british tourists visiting mallorca, june 1996. | three british tourists became ill while on holiday in the same hotel in alcudia, mallorca from 11 to 25 june 1996; salmonella enteritidisinfections were diagnosed upon their return to england. an environmental health officer informed the gastrointestinal | 1997 | 12631833 |
| salmonella enteritidis and s. typhimurium in western europe for 1993-1995: a surveillance report from salm-net. | surveillance has been defined as the ongoing systematic collection, collation and analysis of data and the prompt dissemination of the resulting information to those who need to know so that an action can result. this is achieved in two ways. firstly, i | 1997 | 12631832 |
| minimising the risk of salmonellosis from eggs. | outbreaks of salmonella enteritidis associated with raw eggs continue to be common, despite the risk of using raw eggs being well known. in many cases s. enteritidis isaself-limitingillnessbut- particularlyinvery young and very old people - it can be seve | 1997 | 12631791 |
| an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis food poisoning in a psychiatric hospital in dublin, ireland. | on 29 august 1996 ireland's eastern health board (ehb) was informed of an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness in a psychiatric hospital in dublin. fifty people among 240 members of staff and 183 patients had reportedly fallen ill since 27 august and new | 1997 | 12631790 |
| oxidative burst mediated by toll like receptors (tlr) and cd14 on avian heterophils stimulated with bacterial toll agonists. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps) such as lipopolysaccharide (lps) and lipoteichoic acid (lta), which are found in the cell walls of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively. this study was conducted to determine if tlrs are present on chicken heterophils and if these receptors mediate oxidative burst. heterophils isolated from neonatal chicks were exposed to gram-negative salmonella enteritidis (se), gram-positive staphylococcus au ... | 2003 | 12631524 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility and distribution of non-typhoidal salmonella serovars isolated in malaysian children. | there is widespread resistance of salmonella species to commonly prescribed antimicrobials the world over. we aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility and serovar distribution of non-typhoidal salmonella (nts) isolated from blood cultures of malaysian children. positive isolates of nts from blood cultures obtained from children admitted to the pediatric wards of university of malaya medical center (ummc), a large urban hospital from kuala lumpur (1991-2001), and hospital kota bharu (h ... | 2003 | 12630719 |
| natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 gene polymorphisms and response to vaccine against or challenge with salmonella enteritidis in young chicks. | salmonella enteritidis (se) contamination of poultry products is of global food-safety concern. the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (nramp1) affects host innate immunity to intracellular bacteria because of its ability to transport divalent cations in late endosome/lysosomes. studying the association of the nramp1 gene and chicken innate immune response to se can, therefore, aid understanding and enhancement of chicken genetic resistance to se. the chicken nramp1 gene was inve ... | 2003 | 12619803 |
| [mycotic aneurysm of the subrenal abdominal aorta: extra anatomical reconstruction in five patients]. | between 1988 and 2001, five patients with mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta underwent surgery. extra-anatomical reconstruction with axillo-bifemoral bypass grafting was performed in all patients. the hospital mortality rate was 20%. during the follow-up period two patients presented thrombosis of the axillo-bifemoral bypass, descending aorto-bifemoral bypass was performed in one. extra-anatomic revascularization is a satisfactory procedure in the treatment of mycotic abdominal aortic aneur ... | 2003 | 12616221 |
| infections preceding early arthritis in southern sweden: a prospective population-based study. | to detect evidence of infections preceding early arthritis in southern sweden and to compare the clinical outcome of remission during a 6-month followup for patients with and without signs of prior infection. | 2003 | 12610801 |
| a simple micro-growth assay for enumerating bacteria. | a simple method for nonspecific determination of bacteria concentrations in a variety of liquid samples was developed. the assay was based on the time required for a sample grown in liquid media to reach a threshold turbidity. samples were combined with media in a covered 96-well microwell plate and the turbidity was monitored in real time as the bacteria grew in a temperature-controlled plate reader. a significant problem with growth in microwells was condensation on the cover, which prevented ... | 2003 | 12609726 |
| phylogenetic analysis of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis isolated from food poisoning outbreaks and sporadic infections in 2001-2002 in hyogo prefecture: existent of predominant genotypes in the epidemic. | 2002 | 12606832 | |
| hsp60 specific antibodies in egg yolks from laying hens naturally infected with salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar enteritidis. | heat shock protein (hsp) 60 of salmonella appears to be involved in pathogenesis of infectious processes and host immune responses. eggs of laying hens from two salmonella enteritidis naturally infected flocks (i--acute outbreak of infection; ii--occasional bacteria excretion) and one control flock (iii) were tested for the presence of yolk antibodies (igy) against hsp60 by applying enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the levels of specific immunoglobulins were related to those against li ... | 2003 | 12602685 |
| phage typing of salmonella enteritidis from different sources in brazil. | the occurrence of salmonella enteritidis (se) phage types (pts) in samples collected from healthy and diseased chickens, in outbreaks of human gastroenteritis related to the consumption of egg products, in samples of poultry meat, in pipped embryos of broiler chickens, in meat meal, in poultry-rearing environments, and in many foods (cheese, mayonnaise, cake, and bacon) is described for strains isolated from 1995 to 1997 in brazil. se strains were isolated, and the most common pt was found to be ... | 2003 | 12597496 |
| filament formation by salmonella spp. inoculated into liquid food matrices at refrigeration temperatures, and growth patterns when warmed. | in this study, the formation of multicellular filamentous salmonella cells in response to low temperatures was investigated by using isolates of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis pt4 and s. enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 as the inocula. the formation of filamentous cells in two liquid food matrices at the recommended maximum temperature for refrigeration (8 degrees c) was monitored and compared with that in tryptone soya broth. giemsa staining was performed to locate nuclear material w ... | 2003 | 12597479 |
| comparison of predictive models for growth of parent and green fluorescent protein-producing strains of salmonella. | the green fluorescent protein (gfp) from the jellyfish aequorea victoria can be expressed in, and used to follow the fate of, salmonella in microbiologically complex ecosystems such as food. as a first step in the evaluation of gfp as a tool for the development of predictive models for naturally contaminated food, the present study was undertaken to compare the growth kinetics of parent and gfp-producing strains of salmonella. a previously established sterile chicken burger model system was used ... | 2003 | 12597477 |
| survey of retail alfalfa sprouts and mushrooms for the presence of escherichia coil o157:h7, salmonella, and listeria with bax, and evaluation of this polymerase chain reaction-based system with experimentally contaminated samples. | bax, a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based pathogen detection system, was used to survey retail sprouts and mushrooms for contamination with escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella, listeria spp., and listeria monocytogenes. no salmonella or e. coli o157:h7 was detected in the 202 mushroom and 206 alfalfa sprout samples screened. l. monocytogenes was detected in one sprout sample, and seven additional sprout samples tested positive for the genus listeria. bax also detected listeria species in 17 ... | 2003 | 12597474 |
| molecular epidemiology of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis isolated in taiwan. | incidence of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis infection seems to be on the rise in taiwan, and therefore, the characteristics of the isolate, including genotypes, were epidemiologically investigated. of the 71 clinical strains isolated in 1997-1999, 61 (86%) remained susceptible to the eight antibiotics tested, while the remaining ten, eight of which were isolated in 1999, were resistant to one to three of the agents including three multiply resistant strains. the majority, 69 or 97% of t ... | 2002 | 12597357 |
| development of a lavage procedure to collect crop secretions from live chickens for studying crop immunity. | the crop (ingluvies), an organ for food storage in most avian species, is located at the base of the oesophagus. previous work in our laboratory showed that, following infection with salmonella enteritidis, significant anti-s. enteritidis antibody levels could be found in the crops of these birds. samples in these previous studies were obtained by flushing the interiors of crops excised from killed birds, which is both labour and animal intensive. a method was sought that allowed multiple sampli ... | 2002 | 12593742 |
| resistance of broiler outbred lines to infection with salmonella enteritidis. | salmonella infections originating from poultry are one of the major causes of food-borne disease. for the control of salmonella in poultry a multifactorial approach is more likely to be effective, and the genetic resistance of poultry breeds to salmonella infections may be a valuable contribution. experimental salmonella enteritidis infections were examined in three different broiler outbred lines: the fc line, which had been selected for feed conversion efficiency; the r line, which had been se ... | 2002 | 12593741 |
| identification of glycosphingolipid binding sites for sef21-fimbriated salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in chicken oviductal mucosa. | in order to clarify the presence of glycosphingolipids (gsls) receptors for salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis with sef21 fimbriae, we analyzed neutral gsls and gangliosides from chicken oviductal mucosa and investigated the binding of bacteria to neutral gsls and gangliosides. five types of neutral gsls, designated as n-1 to n-5, and two types of gangliosides, designated as g-1 and g-2, were identified on the thin-layer chromatography (tlc) plates. in the bacterial binding assay on tlc, th ... | 2003 | 12591208 |