Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| modification of intestinal microbiota and its consequences for innate immune response in the pathogenesis of campylobacteriosis. | campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial food-borne gastroenteritis in the world, and thus one of the most important public health concerns. the initial stage in its pathogenesis after ingestion is to overcome colonization resistance that is maintained by the human intestinal microbiota. but how it overcomes colonization resistance is unknown. recently developed humanized gnotobiotic mouse models have provided deeper insights into this initial stage and host's immune response. thes ... | 2013 | 24324507 |
| semi-automatic selection of summary statistics for abc model choice. | a central statistical goal is to choose between alternative explanatory models of data. in many modern applications, such as population genetics, it is not possible to apply standard methods based on evaluating the likelihood functions of the models, as these are numerically intractable. approximate bayesian computation (abc) is a commonly used alternative for such situations. abc simulates data x for many parameter values under each model, which is compared to the observed data x obs. more weig ... | 2014 | 24323893 |
| a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for strongyloides stercoralis in stool that uses a visual detection method with syto-82 fluorescent dye. | an assay to detect strongyloides stercoralis in stool specimens was developed using the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method. primers were based on the 28s ribosomal subunit gene. the reaction conditions were optimized and syto-82 fluorescent dye was used to allow real-time and visual detection of the product. the product identity was confirmed with restriction enzyme digestion, cloning, and sequence analysis. the assay was specific when tested against dna from bacteria, fungi an ... | 2014 | 24323513 |
| feon-feoff: the helicobacter pylori fur regulator commutates iron-responsive transcription by discriminative readout of opposed dna grooves. | most transcriptional regulators bind nucleotide motifs in the major groove, although some are able to recognize molecular determinants conferred by the minor groove of dna. here we report a transcriptional commutator switch that exploits the alternative readout of grooves to mediate opposite output regulation for the same input signal. this mechanism accounts for the ability of the helicobacter pylori fur regulator to repress the expression of both iron-inducible and iron-repressible genes. when ... | 2013 | 24322295 |
| feon-feoff: the helicobacter pylori fur regulator commutates iron-responsive transcription by discriminative readout of opposed dna grooves. | most transcriptional regulators bind nucleotide motifs in the major groove, although some are able to recognize molecular determinants conferred by the minor groove of dna. here we report a transcriptional commutator switch that exploits the alternative readout of grooves to mediate opposite output regulation for the same input signal. this mechanism accounts for the ability of the helicobacter pylori fur regulator to repress the expression of both iron-inducible and iron-repressible genes. when ... | 2013 | 24322295 |
| [preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against flhf protein of campylobacter jejuni]. | to develop a prokaryotic expression system for campylobacrer jejuni flhf protein and prepare monoclonal antibodies(mab) against this protein. | 2013 | 24321074 |
| antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli from poultry in italy. | this study was aimed at assessing the antimicrobial resistance (amr) of campylobacter isolates from broilers and turkeys reared in industrial farms in northern italy, given the public health concern represented by resistant campylobacters in food-producing animals and the paucity of data about this topic in our country. thirty-six campylobacter jejuni and 24 campylobacter coli isolated from broilers and 68 c. jejuni and 32 c. coli from turkeys were tested by disk diffusion for their susceptibili ... | 2014 | 24320689 |
| a case-control study of incident rheumatological conditions following acute gastroenteritis during military deployment. | the aim of this study was to assess the risk of incident rheumatological diagnoses (rd) associated with self-reported diarrhoea and vomiting during a first-time deployment to iraq or afghanistan. such an association would provide evidence that rd in this population may include individuals with reactive arthritis (rea) from deployment-related infectious gastroenteritis. | 2013 | 24319273 |
| identification of genes involved in low aminoglycoside-induced sos response in vibrio cholerae: a role for transcription stalling and mfd helicase. | sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-mic) of antibiotics play a very important role in selection and development of resistances. unlike escherichia coli, vibrio cholerae induces its sos response in presence of sub-mic aminoglycosides. a role for oxidized guanine residues was observed, but the mechanisms of this induction remained unclear. to select for v. cholerae mutants that do not induce low aminoglycoside-mediated sos induction, we developed a genetic screen that renders induction of sos letha ... | 2013 | 24319148 |
| identification of genes involved in low aminoglycoside-induced sos response in vibrio cholerae: a role for transcription stalling and mfd helicase. | sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-mic) of antibiotics play a very important role in selection and development of resistances. unlike escherichia coli, vibrio cholerae induces its sos response in presence of sub-mic aminoglycosides. a role for oxidized guanine residues was observed, but the mechanisms of this induction remained unclear. to select for v. cholerae mutants that do not induce low aminoglycoside-mediated sos induction, we developed a genetic screen that renders induction of sos letha ... | 2013 | 24319148 |
| exposure of escherichia coli atcc 12806 to sublethal concentrations of food-grade biocides influences its ability to form biofilm, resistance to antimicrobials, and ultrastructure. | escherichia coli atcc 12806 was exposed to increasing subinhibitory concentrations of three biocides widely used in food industry facilities: trisodium phosphate (tsp), sodium nitrite (sni), and sodium hypochlorite (shy). the cultures exhibited an acquired tolerance to biocides (especially to sni and shy) after exposure to such compounds. e. coli produced biofilms (as observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy) on polystyrene microtiter plates. previous adaptation to sni or shy enhanced the ... | 2014 | 24317080 |
| the exoribonuclease polynucleotide phosphorylase influences the virulence and stress responses of yersiniae and many other pathogens. | microbes are incessantly challenged by both biotic and abiotic stressors threatening their existence. therefore, bacterial pathogens must possess mechanisms to successfully subvert host immune defenses as well as overcome the stress associated with host-cell encounters. to achieve this, bacterial pathogens typically experience a genetic re-programming whereby anti-host/stress factors become expressed and eventually translated into effector proteins. in that vein, the bacterial host-cell induced ... | 2013 | 24312901 |
| notes from the field: recurrent outbreak of campylobacter jejuni infections associated with a raw milk dairy—pennsylvania, april–may 2013. | 2013 | 24308038 | |
| postinfectious guillain-barre syndrome in a patient with methimazole-induced agranulocytosis. | both graves disease and guillain-barre syndrome (gbs) are autoimmune disorders caused by impaired self-tolerance mechanisms and triggered by interactions between genetic and environmental factors. gbs in patients who suffer from other autoimmune diseases is rarely reported, and the development of postinfectious gbs in a patient with graves disease has not been previously reported in the literature. herein, we report a patient with graves disease who developed postinfectious gbs during a course o ... | 2013 | 24307850 |
| the campylobacter jejuni cj0268c protein is required for adhesion and invasion in vitro. | adherence of campylobacter jejuni to its particular host cells is mediated by several pathogen proteins. we screened a transposon-based mutant library of c. jejuni in order to identify clones with an invasion deficient phenotype towards caco2 cells and detected a mutant with the transposon insertion in gene cj0268c. in vitro characterization of a generated non-random mutant, the mutant complemented with an intact copy of cj0268c and parental strain nctc 11168 confirmed the relevance of cj0268c i ... | 2013 | 24303031 |
| lipid bilayer nanodisc platform for investigating polyprenol-dependent enzyme interactions and activities. | membrane-bound polyprenol-dependent pathways are important for the assembly of essential glycoconjugates in all domains of life. however, despite their prevalence, the functional significance of the extended linear polyprenyl groups in the interactions of the glycan substrates, the biosynthetic enzymes that act upon them, and the membrane bilayer in which they are embedded remains a mystery. these interactions are investigated simultaneously and uniquely through application of the nanodisc membr ... | 2013 | 24302767 |
| kpsc and kpss are retaining 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (kdo) transferases involved in synthesis of bacterial capsules. | capsular polysaccharides (cpss) are high-molecular-mass cell-surface polysaccharides, that act as important virulence factors for many pathogenic bacteria. several clinically important gram-negative pathogens share similar systems for cps biosynthesis and export; examples include escherichia coli, campylobacter jejuni, haemophilus influenzae, neisseria meningitidis, and pasteurella multocida. each cps contains a serotype-specific repeat-unit structure, but the glycans all possess a lipid moiety ... | 2013 | 24302764 |
| the complex methylome of the human gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori. | the genome of helicobacter pylori is remarkable for its large number of restriction-modification (r-m) systems, and strain-specific diversity in r-m systems has been suggested to limit natural transformation, the major driving force of genetic diversification in h. pylori. we have determined the comprehensive methylomes of two h. pylori strains at single base resolution, using single molecule real-time (smrt®) sequencing. for strains 26695 and j99-r3, 17 and 22 methylated sequence motifs were id ... | 2013 | 24302578 |
| the complex methylome of the human gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori. | the genome of helicobacter pylori is remarkable for its large number of restriction-modification (r-m) systems, and strain-specific diversity in r-m systems has been suggested to limit natural transformation, the major driving force of genetic diversification in h. pylori. we have determined the comprehensive methylomes of two h. pylori strains at single base resolution, using single molecule real-time (smrt®) sequencing. for strains 26695 and j99-r3, 17 and 22 methylated sequence motifs were id ... | 2013 | 24302578 |
| specificity of a udp-galnac pyranose-furanose mutase: a potential therapeutic target for campylobacter jejuni infections. | pyranose-furanose mutases are essential enzymes in the life cycle of a number of microorganisms, but are absent in mammalian systems, and hence represent novel targets for drug development. to date, all such mutases show preferential recognition of a single substrate (e.g., udp-gal). we report here the detailed structural characterization of the first bifunctional pyranose-furanose mutase, which recognizes both udp-gal and udp-galnac. the enzyme under investigation (cjungm) is involved in the bi ... | 2014 | 24302429 |
| campylobacter jejuni prevalence and hygienic quality of retail bovine ground meat in finland. | detection of common genotypes of campylobacter jejuni among finnish human and bovine isolates, suggested that bovines may be a source for zoonotic camp. jejuni infection. in addition, a finnish epidemiological study implied the tasting and eating raw or undercooked beef as risk factors for acquiring campylobacteriosis. we therefore performed a study on the occurrence of camp. jejuni in retail bovine ground meat in helsinki by the use of both cultivation and pcr. during 2011 and 2012, 175 bovine ... | 2014 | 24299275 |
| a rare case intractable diarrhea secondary to clostridium difficile and cytomegalovirus coinfection. | male, 63 final diagnosis: cytomegalo virus (cmv) infection symptoms: diarrhea medication:- clinical procedure:- specialty: infectious diseases. | 2013 | 24298304 |
| response to metronidazole and oxidative stress is mediated through homeostatic regulator hsra (hp1043) in helicobacter pylori. | metronidazole (mtz) is often used in combination therapies to treat infections caused by the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori. resistance to mtz results from loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding rdxa and frxa nitroreductases. mtz-resistant strains, when cultured at sub-mics of mtz (5 to 20 μg/ml), show dose-dependent defects in bacterial growth; depressed activities of many krebs cycle enzymes, including pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (pfor); and low transcript levels of porgdab ... | 2014 | 24296668 |
| salmonella pathogenicity and host adaptation in chicken-associated serovars. | enteric pathogens such as salmonella enterica cause significant morbidity and mortality. s. enterica serovars are a diverse group of pathogens that have evolved to survive in a wide range of environments and across multiple hosts. s. enterica serovars such as s. typhi, s. dublin, and s. gallinarum have a restricted host range, in which they are typically associated with one or a few host species, while s. enteritidis and s. typhimurium have broad host ranges. this review examines how s. enterica ... | 2013 | 24296573 |
| intersubspecific recombination in xylella fastidiosa strains native to the united states: infection of novel hosts associated with an unsuccessful invasion. | the bacterial pathogen xylella fastidiosa infects xylem and causes disease in many plant species in the americas. different subspecies of this bacterium and different genotypes within subspecies infect different plant hosts, but the genetics of host adaptation are unknown. here we examined the hypothesis that the introduction of novel genetic variation via intersubspecific homologous recombination (ihr) facilitates host shifts. we investigated ihr in 33 x. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex isolates pr ... | 2014 | 24296499 |
| eucommia ulmoides oliv.: ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional chinese medicine. | eucommia ulmoides oliv. (family eucommiaceae), also known as dù-zhòng (chinese: ), tuchong (in japanese), is the sole species of the genus eucommia. the leaf, stem, and bark as well as staminate flower of eucommia ulmoides have been traditionally used to cure many diseases in china, japan, korea, among others. the aim of this review is to comprehensively outline the botanical description, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, biological activities, and toxicology of eucommia ulmoides and to discuss ... | 2014 | 24296089 |
| inflammatory diarrhea due to enteroaggregative escherichia coli: evidence from clinical and mice model studies. | this study was conducted to determine the role of enteroaggregative escherichia coli (eaec) in inflammatory diarrhea among hospitalized patients in kolkata. the inflammatory pathogenesis of eaec was established in mice model and histopathological studies. presence of fecal leucocytes (flcs) can be suspected for eaec infection solely or as a mixed with other enteric pathogens. | 2013 | 24294997 |
| identification of outer membrane proteins altered in response to uvc-radiation in vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio alginolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus and v. alginolyticus, marine foodborne pathogens, were treated with uvc-radiation (240 j/m(2)) to evaluate alterations in their outer membrane protein profiles. outer membrane protein patterns of uvc-irradiated bacteria were found altered when analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. altered proteins were identified by mass spectrometry (ms and ms/ms) and analysis revealed that ompw, ompa, long-chain fatty acid transport protein, outer membr ... | 2012 | 24293727 |
| discovery of chlamydial peptidoglycan reveals bacteria with murein sacculi but without ftsz. | chlamydiae are important pathogens and symbionts with unique cell biological features. they lack the cell-division protein ftsz, and the existence of peptidoglycan (pg) in their cell wall has been highly controversial. ftsz and pg together function in orchestrating cell division and maintaining cell shape in almost all other bacteria. using electron cryotomography, mass spectrometry and fluorescent labelling dyes, here we show that some environmental chlamydiae have cell wall sacculi consisting ... | 2013 | 24292151 |
| enteric pathogens and reactive arthritis: a systematic review of campylobacter, salmonella and shigella-associated reactive arthritis. | reactive arthritis (rea) is a spondyloarthropathic disorder characterized by inflammation of the joints and tissues occurring after gastrointestinal or genitourinary infections. diagnostic criteria for rea do not exist and, therefore, it is subject to clinical opinion resulting in cases with a wide range of symptoms and definitions. using standardized diagnostic criteria, we conducted a systematic literature review to establish the global incidence of rea for each of the three most commonly-asso ... | 2013 | 24288942 |
| foodborne campylobacter: infections, metabolism, pathogenesis and reservoirs. | campylobacter species are a leading cause of bacterial-derived foodborne illnesses worldwide. the emergence of this bacterial group as a significant causative agent of human disease and their propensity to carry antibiotic resistance elements that allows them to resist antibacterial therapy make them a serious public health threat. campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are considered to be the most important enteropathogens of this genus and their ability to colonize and survive in a wide ... | 2013 | 24287853 |
| aptamer-based analysis: a promising alternative for food safety control. | ensuring food safety is nowadays a top priority of authorities and professional players in the food supply chain. one of the key challenges to determine the safety of food and guarantee a high level of consumer protection is the availability of fast, sensitive and reliable analytical methods to identify specific hazards associated to food before they become a health problem. the limitations of existing methods have encouraged the development of new technologies, among them biosensors. success in ... | 2013 | 24287543 |
| microfluidic biosensor array with integrated poly(2,7-carbazole)/fullerene-based photodiodes for rapid multiplexed detection of pathogens. | a multiplexed microfluidic biosensor made of poly(methylmethacrylate) (pmma) was integrated into an array of organic blend heterojunction photodiodes (opds) for chemiluminescent detection of pathogens. waterborne escherichia coli o157:h7, campylobacter jejuni and adenovirus were targeted in the pmma chip, and detection of captured pathogens was conducted by poly(2,7-carbazole)/fullerene opds which showed a responsivity over 0.20 a/w at 425 nm. the limits of chemiluminescent detection were 5 × 10 ... | 2013 | 24287522 |
| why related bacterial species bloom simultaneously in the gut: principles underlying the 'like will to like' concept. | the large intestine is host to a complex ecological community composed predominantly of obligate anaerobic bacteria belonging to the classes bacteroidia and clostridia. this community confers benefits through its metabolic activities and host interactions. however, a microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) characterized by a decreased abundance of clostridia and a bloom of facultative anaerobic proteobacteria is commonly observed during inflammation in the large bowel. here we review recent insights int ... | 2013 | 24286560 |
| why related bacterial species bloom simultaneously in the gut: principles underlying the 'like will to like' concept. | the large intestine is host to a complex ecological community composed predominantly of obligate anaerobic bacteria belonging to the classes bacteroidia and clostridia. this community confers benefits through its metabolic activities and host interactions. however, a microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) characterized by a decreased abundance of clostridia and a bloom of facultative anaerobic proteobacteria is commonly observed during inflammation in the large bowel. here we review recent insights int ... | 2013 | 24286560 |
| guillain-barré syndrome with severe persistent disability: relationship to hyperacute guillain-barré syndrome. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is a heterogeneous condition with a variable prognosis. we studied nine patients who were unable to walk unaided 12 months after the onset of their illness to discover whether they belonged to a more homogeneous subgroup. sis of the nine patients had symptoms of gastroenteritis shortly before the onset of their neuropathic symptoms and a hyperacute onset of weakness so that they were bed-bound within 24 h. these patients had predominantly motor rather than sensory i ... | 1994 | 24283425 |
| evaluation of the culture method nihsj-02 alternative to iso 10272-1:2006 for the detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in chicken: collaborative study. | for the surveillance of the prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in raw chicken products in japan, a qualitative method, national institute of health sciences japan (nihsj)-02, was developed as an alternative to international organization for standardization (iso) 10272-1:2006. in the nihsj-02 culture method, the enrichment step is carried out in a reduced volume of preston broth at 42 +/- 1 degrees c to reduce cost and space, and to prevent the overgrowth of background bact ... | 2013 | 24282937 |
| clostridium difficile and inflammatory bowel disease: role in pathogenesis and implications in treatment. | clostridium difficile (c. difficile) is the leading cause of antibiotic associated colitis and nosocomial diarrhea. patients with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) are at increased risk of developing c. difficile infection (cdi), have worse outcomes of cdi-including higher rates of colectomy and death, and experience higher rates of recurrence. however, it is still not clear whether c. difficile is a cause of ibd or a consequence of the inflammatory state in the intestinal environment. the burden ... | 2013 | 24282348 |
| signal transduction of helicobacter pylori during interaction with host cell protein receptors of epithelial and immune cells. | helicobacter pylori infections can induce pathologies ranging from chronic gastritis, peptic ulceration to gastric cancer. bacterial isolates harbor numerous well-known adhesins, vacuolating cytotoxin vaca, protease htra, urease, peptidoglycan, and type iv secretion systems (t4ss). it appears that h. pylori targets more than 40 known host protein receptors on epithelial or immune cells. a series of t4ss components such as cagl, cagi, cagy, and caga can bind to the integrin α 5β 1 receptor. other ... | 2013 | 24280762 |
| bile acid-controlled transgene expression in mammalian cells and mice. | in recent years, using trigger-inducible mammalian gene switches to design sophisticated transcription-control networks has become standard practice in synthetic biology. these switches provide unprecedented precision, complexity and reliability when programming novel mammalian cell functions. metabolite-responsive repressors of human-pathogenic bacteria are particularly attractive for use in these orthogonal synthetic mammalian gene switches because the trigger compound sensitivity often matche ... | 2014 | 24280297 |
| hemoglobin: a nitric-oxide dioxygenase. | members of the hemoglobin superfamily efficiently catalyze nitric-oxide dioxygenation, and when paired with native electron donors, function as no dioxygenases (nods). indeed, the nod function has emerged as a more common and ancient function than the well-known role in o2 transport-storage. novel hemoglobins possessing a nod function continue to be discovered in diverse life forms. unique hemoglobin structures evolved, in part, for catalysis with different electron donors. the mechanism of nod ... | 2012 | 24278729 |
| risk assessment of growth hormones and antimicrobial residues in meat. | growth promoters including hormonal substances and antibiotics are used legally and illegally in food producing animals for the growth promotion of livestock animals. hormonal substances still under debate in terms of their human health impacts are estradiol-17β, progesterone, testosterone, zeranol, trenbolone, and melengestrol acetate (mga) . many of the risk assessment results of natural steroid hormones have presented negligible impacts when they are used under good veterinary practices. for ... | 2010 | 24278538 |
| implication of lateral genetic transfer in the emergence of aeromonas hydrophila isolates of epidemic outbreaks in channel catfish. | to investigate the molecular basis of the emergence of aeromonas hydrophila responsible for an epidemic outbreak of motile aeromonad septicemia of catfish in the southeastern united states, we sequenced 11 a. hydrophila isolates that includes five reference and six recent epidemic isolates. comparative genomics revealed that recent epidemic a. hydrophila isolates are highly clonal, whereas reference isolates are greatly diverse. we identified 55 epidemic-associated genetic regions with 313 predi ... | 2013 | 24278351 |
| glycosylation of the escherichia coli tiba self-associating autotransporter influences the conformation and the functionality of the protein. | the self-associating autotransporters (saats) are multifunctional secreted proteins of escherichia coli, comprising the aida-i, tiba and ag43 proteins. one of their characteristics is that they can be glycosylated. glycosylation of aida-i and ag43 have been investigated, but not that of tiba. it is still not clear whether glycosylation of the saats affect their structure or their functionality. therefore, we have looked at the effects of glycosylation on the tiba adhesin/invasin. tiba is glycosy ... | 2013 | 24278316 |
| rapid diagnosis of diarrhea caused by shigella sonnei using dipsticks; comparison of rectal swabs, direct stool and stool culture. | we evaluated a dipstick test for rapid detection of shigella sonnei on bacterial colonies, directly on stools and from rectal swabs because in actual field situations, most pathologic specimens for diagnosis correspond to stool samples or rectal swabs. | 2013 | 24278267 |
| global transcriptional response to heat shock of the legume symbiont mesorhizobium loti maff303099 comprises extensive gene downregulation. | rhizobia, the bacterial legume symbionts able to fix atmospheric nitrogen inside root nodules, have to survive in varied environmental conditions. the aim of this study was to analyse the transcriptional response to heat shock of mesorhizobium loti maff303099, a rhizobium with a large multipartite genome of 7.6 mb that nodulates the model legume lotus japonicus. using microarray analysis, extensive transcriptomic changes were detected in response to heat shock: 30% of the protein-coding genes we ... | 2013 | 24277738 |
| global transcriptional response to heat shock of the legume symbiont mesorhizobium loti maff303099 comprises extensive gene downregulation. | rhizobia, the bacterial legume symbionts able to fix atmospheric nitrogen inside root nodules, have to survive in varied environmental conditions. the aim of this study was to analyse the transcriptional response to heat shock of mesorhizobium loti maff303099, a rhizobium with a large multipartite genome of 7.6 mb that nodulates the model legume lotus japonicus. using microarray analysis, extensive transcriptomic changes were detected in response to heat shock: 30% of the protein-coding genes we ... | 2013 | 24277738 |
| a review of therapeutic aptamer conjugates with emphasis on new approaches. | the potential to emulate or enhance antibodies with nucleic acid aptamers while lowering costs has prompted development of new aptamer-protein, sirna, drug, and nanoparticle conjugates. specific focal points of this review discuss dna aptamers covalently bound at their 3' ends to various proteins for enhanced stability and greater pharmacokinetic lifetimes in vivo. the proteins can include fc tails of igg for opsonization, and the first component of complement (c1q) to trigger complement-mediate ... | 2013 | 24276022 |
| molecular analysis of an alternative n-glycosylation machinery by functional transfer from actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae to escherichia coli. | n-linked protein glycosylation is a frequent post-translational modification that can be found in all three domains of life. in a canonical, highly conserved pathway, an oligosaccharide is transferred by a membrane-bound oligosaccharyltransferase from a lipid donor to asparagines in the sequon nx(s/t) of secreted polypeptides. the δ-proteobacterium actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae encodes an unusual pathway for n-linked protein glycosylation. this pathway takes place in the cytoplasm and is media ... | 2013 | 24275653 |
| molecular analysis of an alternative n-glycosylation machinery by functional transfer from actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae to escherichia coli. | n-linked protein glycosylation is a frequent post-translational modification that can be found in all three domains of life. in a canonical, highly conserved pathway, an oligosaccharide is transferred by a membrane-bound oligosaccharyltransferase from a lipid donor to asparagines in the sequon nx(s/t) of secreted polypeptides. the δ-proteobacterium actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae encodes an unusual pathway for n-linked protein glycosylation. this pathway takes place in the cytoplasm and is media ... | 2013 | 24275653 |
| challenges in diagnostic accuracy studies in primary care: the fecal calprotectin example. | low disease prevalence and lack of uniform reference standards in primary care induce methodological challenges for investigating the diagnostic accuracy of a test. we present a study design that copes with these methodological challenges and discuss the methodological implications of our choices, using a quality assessment tool for diagnostic accuracy studies (quadas-2). | 2013 | 24274463 |
| the interplay between nlrs and autophagy in immunity and inflammation. | since they were first described as cytosolic sensors of microbial molecules a decade ago, the nod-like receptors (nlrs) have been shown to have many different and important roles in various aspects of immune and inflammatory responses, ranging from antimicrobial mechanisms to control of adaptive responses. in this review, we focus on the interplay between nlrs and autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that is crucial for homeostasis and has recently been shown to be involved in the pr ... | 2013 | 24273538 |
| network portal: a database for storage, analysis and visualization of biological networks. | the ease of generating high-throughput data has enabled investigations into organismal complexity at the systems level through the inference of networks of interactions among the various cellular components (genes, rnas, proteins and metabolites). the wider scientific community, however, currently has limited access to tools for network inference, visualization and analysis because these tasks often require advanced computational knowledge and expensive computing resources. we have designed the ... | 2013 | 24271392 |
| network portal: a database for storage, analysis and visualization of biological networks. | the ease of generating high-throughput data has enabled investigations into organismal complexity at the systems level through the inference of networks of interactions among the various cellular components (genes, rnas, proteins and metabolites). the wider scientific community, however, currently has limited access to tools for network inference, visualization and analysis because these tasks often require advanced computational knowledge and expensive computing resources. we have designed the ... | 2013 | 24271392 |
| investigating the responses of cronobacter sakazakii to garlic-drived organosulfur compounds: a systematic study of pathogenic-bacterium injury by use of high-throughput whole-transcriptome sequencing and confocal micro-raman spectroscopy. | we present the results of a study using high-throughput whole-transcriptome sequencing (rna-seq) and vibrational spectroscopy to characterize and fingerprint pathogenic-bacterium injury under conditions of unfavorable stress. two garlic-derived organosulfur compounds were found to be highly effective antimicrobial compounds against cronobacter sakazakii, a leading pathogen associated with invasive infection of infants and causing meningitis, necrotizing entercolitis, and bacteremia. rna-seq show ... | 2014 | 24271174 |
| evaluation of phytate-degrading lactobacillus culture administration to broiler chickens. | probiotics have been demonstrated to promote growth, stimulate immune responses, and improve food safety of poultry. while widely used, their effectiveness is mixed, and the mechanisms through which they contribute to poultry production are not well understood. microbial phytases are increasingly supplemented in feed to improve digestibility and reduce antinutritive effects of phytate. the microbial origin of these exogenous enzymes suggests a potentially important mechanism of probiotic functio ... | 2014 | 24271165 |
| phylogeny of cas9 determines functional exchangeability of dual-rna and cas9 among orthologous type ii crispr-cas systems. | the crispr-cas-derived rna-guided cas9 endonuclease is the key element of an emerging promising technology for genome engineering in a broad range of cells and organisms. the dna-targeting mechanism of the type ii crispr-cas system involves maturation of tracrrna:crrna duplex (dual-rna), which directs cas9 to cleave invading dna in a sequence-specific manner, dependent on the presence of a protospacer adjacent motif (pam) on the target. we show that evolution of dual-rna and cas9 in bacteria pro ... | 2013 | 24270795 |
| phylogeny of cas9 determines functional exchangeability of dual-rna and cas9 among orthologous type ii crispr-cas systems. | the crispr-cas-derived rna-guided cas9 endonuclease is the key element of an emerging promising technology for genome engineering in a broad range of cells and organisms. the dna-targeting mechanism of the type ii crispr-cas system involves maturation of tracrrna:crrna duplex (dual-rna), which directs cas9 to cleave invading dna in a sequence-specific manner, dependent on the presence of a protospacer adjacent motif (pam) on the target. we show that evolution of dual-rna and cas9 in bacteria pro ... | 2013 | 24270795 |
| glycotherapy: new advances inspire a reemergence of glycans in medicine. | the beginning of the 20(th) century marked the dawn of modern medicine with glycan-based therapies at the forefront. however, glycans quickly became overshadowed as dna- and protein-focused treatments became readily accessible. the recent development of new tools and techniques to study and produce structurally defined carbohydrates has spurred renewed interest in the therapeutic applications of glycans. this review focuses on advances within the past decade that are bringing glycan-based treatm ... | 2013 | 24269151 |
| glycotherapy: new advances inspire a reemergence of glycans in medicine. | the beginning of the 20(th) century marked the dawn of modern medicine with glycan-based therapies at the forefront. however, glycans quickly became overshadowed as dna- and protein-focused treatments became readily accessible. the recent development of new tools and techniques to study and produce structurally defined carbohydrates has spurred renewed interest in the therapeutic applications of glycans. this review focuses on advances within the past decade that are bringing glycan-based treatm ... | 2013 | 24269151 |
| detection of enteric pathogens by the nodosome. | nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein (nod)1 and nod2 participate in signaling pathways that detect pathogen-induced processes, such as the presence of peptidoglycan fragments in the host cell cytosol, as danger signals. recent work suggests that peptidoglycan fragments activate nod1 indirectly, through activation of the small rho gtpase ras-related c3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rac1). excessive activation of small rho gtpases by virulence factors of enteric pathogens also triggers ... | 2013 | 24268520 |
| detection of enteric pathogens by the nodosome. | nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein (nod)1 and nod2 participate in signaling pathways that detect pathogen-induced processes, such as the presence of peptidoglycan fragments in the host cell cytosol, as danger signals. recent work suggests that peptidoglycan fragments activate nod1 indirectly, through activation of the small rho gtpase ras-related c3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rac1). excessive activation of small rho gtpases by virulence factors of enteric pathogens also triggers ... | 2013 | 24268520 |
| survey of extra-intestinal immune responses in asymptomatic long-term campylobacter jejuni-infected mice. | campylobacter jejuni is among the most frequently reported bacterial pathogens causing diarrhea in humans worldwide. we recently reported a murine infection model mimicking key features of human campylobacteriosis. six days following oral c. jejuni infection immediately after weaning, infant mice developed acute enterocolitis resolving within 2 weeks. thereafter, c. jejuni could still be isolated from the intestines of asymptomatic mice at low levels accompanied by distinct immune responses, bot ... | 2013 | 24265935 |
| extracellular secretion of protease htra from campylobacter jejuni is highly efficient and independent of its protease activity and flagellum. | the serine protease htra of c. jejuni has been identified as a novel secreted virulence factor which opens cell-to-cell junctions by cleaving e-cadherin. efficient c. jejuni transmigration across polarized human epithelial cells requires the intact flagellum and htra; however, the mechanism of htra secretion into the supernatant is unknown. here we show that htra secretion is highly efficient and does not require its proteolytic activity because the protease-inactive s197a mutant is secreted lik ... | 2013 | 24265934 |
| can microbiota transplantation abrogate murine colonization resistance against campylobacter jejuni? | enterocolitis caused by campylobacter jejuni represents an important socioeconomic burden worldwide. the host-specific intestinal microbiota is essential for maintaining colonization resistance (cr) against c. jejuni in conventional mice. notably, cr is abrogated by shifts of the intestinal microbiota towards overgrowth with commensal e. coli during acute ileitis. thus, we investigated whether oral transplantation (tx) of ileal microbiota derived from c. jejuni susceptible mice with acute ileiti ... | 2013 | 24265916 |
| pneumococcal meningitis in a young adult female with common variable immunodeficiency. | female, 22 final diagnosis: pneumococcal meningitis symptoms: fever • headache • neck stiffness • nuchal rigidity • photophobia | 2013 | 24265845 |
| (non-)translational medicine: targeting bacterial rna. | the rise and spread of antibiotic resistance is among the most severe challenges facing modern medicine. despite this fact, attempts to develop novel classes of antibiotic have been largely unsuccessful. the traditional mechanisms by which antibiotics work are subject to relatively rapid bacterial resistance via mutation, and hence have a limited period of efficacy. one promising strategy to ameliorate this problem is to shift from the use of chemical compounds targeting protein structures and p ... | 2013 | 24265632 |
| complete genome sequence of universal bacteriophage host strain campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni pt14. | campylobacter jejuni strain pt14 is a clinical isolate previously used to propagate bacteriophages in the united kingdom phage typing scheme. the strain has proven useful in the isolation of campylobacter bacteriophages from several sources, and it functions as a model host in phage therapy experiments with poultry and poultry meat. | 2013 | 24265498 |
| genome variations associated with viral susceptibility and calcification in emiliania huxleyi. | emiliania huxleyi, a key player in the global carbon cycle is one of the best studied coccolithophores with respect to biogeochemical cycles, climatology, and host-virus interactions. strains of e. huxleyi show phenotypic plasticity regarding growth behaviour, light-response, calcification, acidification, and virus susceptibility. this phenomenon is likely a consequence of genomic differences, or transcriptomic responses, to environmental conditions or threats such as viral infections. we used a ... | 2013 | 24260453 |
| regulatory protein ompr influences the serum resistance of yersinia enterocolitica o:9 by modifying the structure of the outer membrane. | the envz/ompr two-component system constitutes a regulatory pathway involved in bacterial adaptive responses to environmental cues. our previous findings indicated that the ompr regulator in yersinia enterocolitica o:9 positively regulates the expression of flhdc, the master flagellar activator, which influences adhesion/invasion properties and biofilm formation. here we show that a strain lacking ompr grown at 37°c exhibits extremely high resistance to the bactericidal activity of normal human ... | 2013 | 24260242 |
| the route less taken: pulmonary models of enteric gram-negative infection. | many pathogens are capable of causing a fulminant infection in pulmonary tissues of mammals. animal models have provided an extensive understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis as well as host immune response in the lungs. many clinically relevant gram-negative bacteria are host-restricted. thus, the powerful, informative tools of mouse models are not available for study with these organisms. however, over the past 30 years, enterprising work has demonstrated ... | 2013 | 24259516 |
| the route less taken: pulmonary models of enteric gram-negative infection. | many pathogens are capable of causing a fulminant infection in pulmonary tissues of mammals. animal models have provided an extensive understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis as well as host immune response in the lungs. many clinically relevant gram-negative bacteria are host-restricted. thus, the powerful, informative tools of mouse models are not available for study with these organisms. however, over the past 30 years, enterprising work has demonstrated ... | 2013 | 24259516 |
| intestinal microbiome of poultry and its interaction with host and diet. | the gastrointestinal (gi) tract of poultry is densely populated with microorganisms which closely and intensively interact with the host and ingested feed. the gut microbiome benefits the host by providing nutrients from otherwise poorly utilized dietary substrates and modulating the development and function of the digestive and immune system. in return, the host provides a permissive habitat and nutrients for bacterial colonization and growth. gut microbiome can be affected by diet, and differe ... | 2013 | 24256702 |
| intestinal microbiome of poultry and its interaction with host and diet. | the gastrointestinal (gi) tract of poultry is densely populated with microorganisms which closely and intensively interact with the host and ingested feed. the gut microbiome benefits the host by providing nutrients from otherwise poorly utilized dietary substrates and modulating the development and function of the digestive and immune system. in return, the host provides a permissive habitat and nutrients for bacterial colonization and growth. gut microbiome can be affected by diet, and differe ... | 2013 | 24256702 |
| are bacteriophage defence and virulence two sides of the same coin in campylobacter jejuni? | the continuous battle for survival in the environment has led to the development or acquisition of sophisticated defence systems in bacteria. these defence systems have contributed to the survival of the bacterial species in the environment for millions of years. some systems appear to have evolved in a number of pathogenic bacteria towards a role in virulence and host immune evasion. recently, different bacterial cell envelope components from diverse bacterial species have been linked not only ... | 2013 | 24256240 |
| [miller fisher syndrome with anti gq1b negative in mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia]. | 2013 | 24255728 | |
| design, synthesis, and biological testing of novel naphthoquinones as substrate-based inhibitors of the quinol/fumarate reductase from wolinella succinogenes. | novel naphthoquinones were designed, synthesized, and tested as substrate-based inhibitors against the membrane-embedded protein quinol/fumarate reductase (qfr) from wolinella succinogenes, a target closely related to qfrs from the human pathogens helicobacter pylori and campylobacter jejuni. for a better understanding of the hitherto structurally unexplored substrate binding pocket, a structure-activity relationship (sar) study was carried out. analogues of lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone ... | 2013 | 24251984 |
| increased guillain-barre syndrome admissions in shiraz, southern iran. | guillain-barre syndrome (gbs) is an acute immune-mediated peripheral neuropathy usually after an incident. this study was performed to investigate the basic epidemiologic features of gbs in south of iran. | 2013 | 24250891 |
| commentary. | 2013 | 24250177 | |
| campylobacter jejuni meningitis in a neonate: a rare case report. | campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of gastroenteritis especially in childhood. however, extraintestinal manifestations of c. jejuni such as bacteremia, cholecystitis, pancreatitis and osteomyelitis are rare. meningitis in newborns caused by this organism is unusually rare. we report a case of neonatal meningitis in a 15-day old term boy caused by campylobacter jejuni. | 2013 | 24246522 |
| filling out the structural map of the ntf2-like superfamily. | the ntf2-like superfamily is a versatile group of protein domains sharing a common fold. the sequences of these domains are very diverse and they share no common sequence motif. these domains serve a range of different functions within the proteins in which they are found, including both catalytic and non-catalytic versions. clues to the function of protein domains belonging to such a diverse superfamily can be gleaned from analysis of the proteins and organisms in which they are found. | 2013 | 24246060 |
| hemerythrins in the microaerophilic bacterium campylobacter jejuni help protect key iron-sulphur cluster enzymes from oxidative damage. | microaerophilic bacteria are adapted to low oxygen environments, but the mechanisms by which their growth in air is inhibited are not well understood. the citric acid cycle in the microaerophilic pathogen campylobacter jejuni is potentially vulnerable, as it employs pyruvate and 2-oxoglutarate:acceptor oxidoreductases (por and oor), which contain labile (4fe-4s) centres. here, we show that both enzymes are rapidly inactivated after exposure of cells to a fully aerobic environment. we investigate ... | 2013 | 24245612 |
| hemerythrins in the microaerophilic bacterium campylobacter jejuni help protect key iron-sulphur cluster enzymes from oxidative damage. | microaerophilic bacteria are adapted to low oxygen environments, but the mechanisms by which their growth in air is inhibited are not well understood. the citric acid cycle in the microaerophilic pathogen campylobacter jejuni is potentially vulnerable, as it employs pyruvate and 2-oxoglutarate:acceptor oxidoreductases (por and oor), which contain labile (4fe-4s) centres. here, we show that both enzymes are rapidly inactivated after exposure of cells to a fully aerobic environment. we investigate ... | 2013 | 24245612 |
| source attribution of human campylobacter isolates by mlst and fla-typing and association of genotypes with quinolone resistance. | campylobacteriosis is the most frequent zoonosis in developed countries and various domestic animals can function as reservoir for the main pathogens campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. in the present study we compared population structures of 730 c. jejuni and c. coli from human cases, 610 chicken, 159 dog, 360 pig and 23 cattle isolates collected between 2001 and 2012 in switzerland. all isolates had been typed with multi locus sequence typing (mlst) and flab-typing and their genotypi ... | 2013 | 24244747 |
| ultrasensitive norovirus detection using dna aptasensor technology. | dna aptamers were developed against murine norovirus (mnv) using selex (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment). nine rounds of selex led to the discovery of ag3, a promising aptamer with very high affinity for mnv as well as for lab-synthesized capsids of a common human norovirus (hunov) outbreak strain (gii.3). using fluorescence anisotropy, ag3 was found to bind with mnv with affinity in the low picomolar range. the aptamer could cross-react with hunov though it was selecte ... | 2013 | 24244426 |
| gastrointestinal illness among triathletes swimming in non-polluted versus polluted seawater affected by heavy rainfall, denmark, 2010-2011. | recent years have seen an increase in the frequency of extreme rainfall and subsequent flooding across the world. climate change models predict that such flooding will become more common, triggering sewer overflows, potentially with increased risks to human health. in august 2010, a triathlon sports competition was held in copenhagen, denmark, shortly after an extreme rainfall. the authors took advantage of this event to investigate disease risks in two comparable cohorts of physically fit, long ... | 2013 | 24244306 |
| microbial endocrinology in the microbiome-gut-brain axis: how bacterial production and utilization of neurochemicals influence behavior. | 2013 | 24244158 | |
| dna damage repair and bacterial pathogens. | 2013 | 24244154 | |
| deg 10, an update of the database of essential genes that includes both protein-coding genes and noncoding genomic elements. | the combination of high-density transposon-mediated mutagenesis and high-throughput sequencing has led to significant advancements in research on essential genes, resulting in a dramatic increase in the number of identified prokaryotic essential genes under diverse conditions and a revised essential-gene concept that includes all essential genomic elements, rather than focusing on protein-coding genes only. deg 10, a new release of the database of essential genes (available at http://www.essenti ... | 2013 | 24243843 |
| deg 10, an update of the database of essential genes that includes both protein-coding genes and noncoding genomic elements. | the combination of high-density transposon-mediated mutagenesis and high-throughput sequencing has led to significant advancements in research on essential genes, resulting in a dramatic increase in the number of identified prokaryotic essential genes under diverse conditions and a revised essential-gene concept that includes all essential genomic elements, rather than focusing on protein-coding genes only. deg 10, a new release of the database of essential genes (available at http://www.essenti ... | 2013 | 24243843 |
| methods for recovering microorganisms from solid surfaces used in the food industry: a review of the literature. | various types of surfaces are used today in the food industry, such as plastic, stainless steel, glass, and wood. these surfaces are subject to contamination by microorganisms responsible for the cross-contamination of food by contact with working surfaces. the haccp-based processes are now widely used for the control of microbial hazards to prevent food safety issues. this preventive approach has resulted in the use of microbiological analyses of surfaces as one of the tools to control the hygi ... | 2013 | 24240728 |
| axonal guillain-barré syndrome: concepts and controversies. | acute motor axonal neuropathy (aman) is a pure motor axonal subtype of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) that was identified in the late 1990s. in asia and central and south america, it is the major subtype of gbs, seen in 30-65% of patients. aman progresses more rapidly and has an earlier peak than demyelinating gbs; tendon reflexes are relatively preserved or even exaggerated, and autonomic dysfunction is rare. one of the main causes is molecular mimicry of human gangliosides by campylobacter jeju ... | 2013 | 24229616 |
| waterborne transmission ofcampylobacter enteritis. | campylobacter jejuni is an important cause of human diarrheal disease throughout the world and likesalmonella enteritidis, has a large animal reservoir which includes most of man's domestic animals. until recently, it has been difficult to trace the chain of transmission from animals to man because of inadequate environmental sampling techniques and means to distinguish strains. recent improvements in these techniques have made environmental studies more feasible in 2 water-related out-breaks.in ... | 1982 | 24226052 |
| in planta mutagenesis of src homology 3 domain-like fold of ndhs, a ferredoxin-binding subunit of the chloroplast nadh dehydrogenase-like complex in arabidopsis: a conserved arg-193 plays a critical role in ferredoxin binding. | chloroplast nadh dehydrogenase-like (ndh) complex mediates cyclic electron transport around photosystem i and chlororespiration in angiosperms. the src homology 3 domain (sh3)-like fold protein ndhs/crr31 is an ndh subunit that is necessary for high affinity binding of ferredoxin, indicating that chloroplast ndh functions as a ferredoxin:plastoquinone oxidoreductase. however, the mechanism of the interaction between ndhs and ferredoxin is unclear. in this study, we analyzed their interaction in ... | 2013 | 24225949 |
| screening of genes expressed in vivo during interaction between chicken and campylobacter jejuni. | chicken are considered as the most important source of human infection by campylobacter jejuni, which primarily arises from contaminated poultry meats. however, the genes expressed in vivo of the interaction between chicken and c. jejuni have not been screened. in this regard, in vivo-induced antigen technology (iviat) was applied to identify expressed genes in vivo during interaction between chicken and c. jejuni, a prevalent foodborne pathogen worldwide. chicken sera were obtained by inoculati ... | 2014 | 24225374 |
| the transcriptional landscape of campylobacter jejuni under iron replete and iron limited growth conditions. | the genome-wide campylobacter jejuni transcriptional response under iron replete and iron limited conditions was characterized using rna-seq. we have identified 111 novel c. jejuni 5'utrs and mapped 377 co-transcribed genes into 230 transcriptional operons. in contrast to previous microarray results, the c. jejuni iron stimulon is less extensive than previously believed and consists of 77 iron activated genes and 50 iron repressed genes. as anticipated, the iron repressed genes are primarily tho ... | 2013 | 24223952 |
| common duckweed (lemna minor) is a versatile high-throughput infection model for the burkholderia cepacia complex and other pathogenic bacteria. | members of the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) have emerged in recent decades as problematic pulmonary pathogens of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients, with severe infections progressing to acute necrotizing pneumonia and sepsis. this study presents evidence that lemna minor (common duckweed) is useful as a plant model for the bcc infectious process, and has potential as a model system for bacterial pathogenesis in general. to investigate the relationship between bcc virulence in duckweed and gall ... | 2013 | 24223216 |
| campylobacter jejuni actively invades the amoeba acanthamoeba polyphaga and survives within non digestive vacuoles. | the gram-negative bacterium campylobacter jejuni is able to enter, survive and multiply within the free living amoeba acanthamoeba polyphaga, but the molecular mechanisms behind these events are still unclear. we have studied the uptake and intracellular trafficking of viable and heat killed bacterial cells of the c. jejuni strain 81-176 in a. polyphaga. we found that viable bacteria associated with a substantially higher proportion of acanthamoeba trophozoites than heat killed bacteria. further ... | 2013 | 24223169 |
| contrasting immune responses mediate campylobacter jejuni-induced colitis and autoimmunity. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of foodborne enteritis that has been linked to the autoimmune neuropathy, guillain barré syndrome (gbs). c57bl/6 interleukin (il)-10(+/+) and congenic il-10(-/-) mice serve as c. jejuni colonization and colitis models, respectively, but a mouse model for gbs is lacking. we demonstrate that il-10(-/-) mice infected with a c. jejuni colitogenic human isolate had significantly upregulated type 1 and 17 but not type 2 cytokines in the colon coincident with inf ... | 2013 | 24220299 |
| contrasting immune responses mediate campylobacter jejuni-induced colitis and autoimmunity. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of foodborne enteritis that has been linked to the autoimmune neuropathy, guillain barré syndrome (gbs). c57bl/6 interleukin (il)-10(+/+) and congenic il-10(-/-) mice serve as c. jejuni colonization and colitis models, respectively, but a mouse model for gbs is lacking. we demonstrate that il-10(-/-) mice infected with a c. jejuni colitogenic human isolate had significantly upregulated type 1 and 17 but not type 2 cytokines in the colon coincident with inf ... | 2013 | 24220299 |