Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| gametocytogenesis and ribosomal rrna gene organisation in the rodent malarias plasmodium chabaudi and plasmodium berghei. | a cloned plasmodium berghei (anka) isolate was syringe passaged repeatedly to generate a line that was non-infective to anopheles stephensi. ribosomal gene organisation of this non-infective line was then compared to its infective ancestor. dna was also prepared from asexual parasites and gametocytes of p. chabaudi and the arrangement of the rrna genes of this species was studied. although macrogametocytes have many more ribosomes than microgametocytes, this increase does not appear to stem from ... | 1985 | 3887155 |
| studies on the north korean strain of plasmodium vivax in aotus monkeys and different anophelines. | twenty-two aotus monkeys of different karyotypes were infected with the north korean strain of plasmodium vivax. aotus lemurinus griseimembra animals from colombia produced higher maximum parasitemias and more readily infected mosquitoes than did aotus monkeys from bolivia (k-vi) or peru (k-v and k-x). comparative feedings indicated that the most susceptible mosquito species was anopheles stephensi, followed by an. gambiae, an. dirus, an. freeborni, an. quadrimaculatus, an. culicifacies, and an. ... | 1985 | 3884764 |
| genetic analysis of a linkage group iii mutant in anopheles stephensi. | 1985 | 3880219 | |
| role of esterases in organophosphorus and carbamate-resistance in indian strain of anopheles stephensi liston. | 2011 | 3833674 | |
| avermectins, mk-933 and mk-936, for mosquito control. | two avermectins were shown to be effective as mosquito larvicides or when fed to adult female mosquitoes in sucrose solution or in blood. larval lc50 values of compounds mk-933 and mk-936, expressed as parts per billion, were found to be 3.94 and 2.42 for culex pipiens, 5.85 and 2.90 for anopheles stephensi and 23.4 and 10.4 for aedes aegypti. when fed to adult females of an. stephensi, ae. aegypti or cx quinquefasciatus, mk-933 at 2.8mg active ingredient per litre in sucrose solution caused com ... | 1985 | 3832491 |
| cytological, linkage and insecticide studies on a genetic sexing line in anopheles stephensi liston. | t(y-d1)35 is a genetic sexing line in anopheles stephensi (2n = 6; xx female, xy male) based on the translocation of the dieldrin resistance gene to the male determining chromosome. a cytological analysis demonstrated the presence of a 3 chromosome multiple translocation in which part of the y chromosome formed the differential segment. an analysis of egg karyotypes enabled the segregation behaviour of the complex to be determined and only alternate and adjacent i segregations could be demonstra ... | 1987 | 3818344 |
| comparative effectiveness of different anabolic and sex steroids on the development of anopheles stephensi. | 1986 | 3758440 | |
| the sporogonic cycle of plasmodium reichenowi. | plasmodium reichenowi, a malarial parasite of the chimpanzee, was infective to anopheles freeborni, anopheles quadrimaculatus, anopheles stephensi, anopheles maculatus, anopheles dirus, and anopheles culicifacies mosquitoes. anopheles gambiae and anopheles albimanus were not infected. mean oocyst diameters of p. reichenowi were smaller than those of the other chimpanzee parasite, plasmodium schwetzi. sporozoites were present in the salivary glands of an. freeborni at 15 days when held at 25 to 2 ... | 1986 | 3734994 |
| plasmodium ovale: in vitro development of hepatic stages. | primary cultures of human hepatocytes, a culture-derived clone from the human hepatoma hep g2 line, and cultured rat hepatocytes were inoculated in vitro with plasmodium ovale sporozoites extracted from anopheles stephensi, an. gambiae, and an. dirus mosquitoes. penetration and differentiation of p. ovale sporozoites into trophozoite stage parasites occurred in all three cell types, but with a lower transformation rate in the hep g2 cell line than in the primary cultured hepatocytes. further mat ... | 1987 | 3678445 |
| ultrastructural midgut events in culicidae larvae fed with bacillus sphaericus 2297 spore/crystal complex. | ingestion of bacillus sphaericus 2297 spore/crystal complex by culicidae larvae anopheles stephensi, culex pipiens subsp. pipiens and aedes aegypti was rapidly followed by a dissolution of the protein crystalline inclusions inside the anterior stomach of the three species. during the first day of intoxication, b. sphaericus spores germinated within the midgut lumen, and were in a vegetative stage between 36-48 h after ingestion when the larvae began to die. ultrastructural observations focused o ... | 1987 | 3663390 |
| [inhibition of the infectivity of plasmodium gametocytes by the serum of the parasite host. perfecting an experimental model]. | in the course of experimental malarial infections the infectivity of the gametocytes falls abruptly and at an early stage of the infection. this phenomenon is independent of the production of circulating antibodies. with plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis infecting the white mouse, the maximum infectivity of gametocytes for anopheles stephensi occurs on day 2, and on day 5 no more oocysts develop in the mosquito. the behaviour of the plasmodial strain in the mouse and particularly the "crisis" phenom ... | 1987 | 3662325 |
| the effect of mosquito transmission of antigenic variants of plasmodium chabaudi. | plasmodium chabaudi as strain in mice is characterized by an acute primary parasitaemia, and one or more less acute recrudescences. previous work has shown, using a passive protection assay, that the recrudescent parasites are usually antigenically different from parasites of the parent population with which the mice were first infected. in this study the effect of mosquito transmission on the antigenic expression of recrudescent populations of p. chabaudi was examined. in the first experiments ... | 1987 | 3614987 |
| breakpoint distribution in male-linked translocations in anopheles stephensi liston. | a series of translocations involving the male chromosome and chromosome 3 was analyzed in anopheles stephensi. using three genetic markers in 3r, namely sp, dp, and bl, the recombination distance between the breakpoint and each of the three markers was assessed. on the basis of control recombination it was possible to assign the breakpoint to the chromosome relative to the three markers. it was shown that the majority of breakpoints were located in the vicinity of dp-bl and translocations were i ... | 2012 | 3559165 |
| comparative studies on the infectivity of plasmodium berghei gametocytes and ookinetes for gnotobiotic and xenobiotic anopheles stephensi. | previous studies indicated that gnotobiotic anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were less susceptible to infection with plasmodium berghei than xenobiotic ones (munderloh and kurtti, 1985). groups of 100 to 200 mosquitoes were fed on infected hamsters, heparinized gametocytemic blood (via a membrane feeder), and in vitro-formed ookinetes suspended in blood (membrane feeder). xenobiotic a. stephensi were readily infected by all 3 routes. gnotobiotic mosquitoes consistently acquired infection after eng ... | 1986 | 3543280 |
| use of a dna probe to measure the neutralization of plasmodium berghei sporozoites by a monoclonal antibody. | a specific dna probe has been used to quantify the neutralizing effects of monoclonal antibodies (3d11) against the circumsporozoite protein of plasmodium berghei sporozoites. the amount of parasite dna was measured in the livers of norway brown rats at the peak of proliferation of the exoerythrocytic forms (eef). in vitro treatment of 1.5 x 10(5) sporozoites with 0.36 microgram/0.5 ml of whole 3d11 igg neutralized about 90% of the sporozoite infectivity. when the dose was 3.6 micrograms no sign ... | 1987 | 3543124 |
| the use of cdc light traps and other procedures for sampling malaria vectors in southern iran. | an investigation was carried out over a year in the village of chelow, hormozgan province, southern iran, to study the efficacy of cdc light traps for sampling malaria vectors. the cdc light traps were useful in determining the seasonal and habitat distribution of anopheles stephensi and an. fluviatilis, the primary and secondary vectors of malaria, in chelow, as well as other mosquitoes in that area. light traps compared favorably with other adult mosquito collection techniques for detecting th ... | 1986 | 3507528 |
| genetic sexing in anopheles stephensi using dieldrin resistance. | 1986 | 3507479 | |
| malathion-specific resistance in anopheles stephensi from pakistan. | a strain of anopheles stephensi from pakistan (malr) was 8.7-fold resistant to malathion and 6.7-fold cross-resistant to phenthoate, but not to other carboxylesters; no cross-resistance to bendiocarb, fenitrothion, permethrin and carbaryl was detected. resistance was not associated with elevated levels of general esterase activity, as determined by hydrolysis of naphth-l-yl acetate (alpha-na), but was correlated with higher levels of malathion carboxylesterase (mce) activity in vitro. the result ... | 1986 | 3507466 |
| floating bait formulations increase effectiveness of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis against anopheles larvae. | the development and screening of floating-type bait formulations designed to improve the activity of bacterial toxins against larval anopheles is described. floating and spreading abilities of carrier particles (wheat flour) were compared using corn oil, lecithin, and two products yielding surface films on water (arosurf and liparol). mixtures containing 1 or 5% arosurf showed the best spreading abilities on a water surface, but strongly inhibited the ingestion of wheat flour by anopheles albima ... | 1987 | 3504944 |
| absorption and transport of radioactive tracers in the midgut of the malaria mosquito, anopheles stephensi. | three radiolabeled substances were mixed with fresh heparinized mouse blood and fed to female anopheles stephensi through a chicken crop membrane. resorption and transport in the anterior (a) and posterior (p, stomach) parts of the midgut were investigated by means of electron microscopic autoradiography. digestion products of 125i-labeled bovine serum albumin (bsa) were resorbed only in the p-part, showing a biphasic pattern with maximal values 4 and 18 hr after feeding. uptake of 3h-labeled am ... | 1986 | 3453372 |
| incrimination of anopheles stephensi liston as malaria vector in calcutta. | 1987 | 3452553 | |
| allozyme variation in anopheles stephensi liston from pakistan (diptera: culicidae). | allozyme variability was analyzed at 16 loci in 11 lines of anopheles stephensi liston from pakistan. six lines were considered as samples from natural populations. for these lines the mean number of alleles was 1.31-1.63, the degree of polymorphism was 0.188-0.375, the observed heterozygosity was 0.065-0.086, and the genetic distance ranged from 0.001 to 0.016. no population-specific alleles were found. interbreeding was considerable (mean fit = 0.183). differences in allele frequencies were du ... | 1987 | 3450272 |
| [establishment of plasmodium cynomolgi bastianellii-anopheles stephensi-macaca mulatta simian malaria model]. | 1987 | 3447780 | |
| daytime resting habits of anopheles stephensi in an area of calcutta. | 1987 | 3440497 | |
| polyclonal b-cell activation and autoantibody formation during the course of mosquito-transmitted plasmodium berghei infection in mice. | the time course of polyclonal b cell activation, as measured by titers of antibodies to dnp, fitc, and haemocyanin, as well as the time course of autoantibody formation, was followed in mice infected with plasmodium berghei via anopheles stephensi. igm class antibodies to dnp, fitc, and haemocyanin appeared earlier than igg class antibodies and persisted until death. only igm class anti-dnp peaked, the others remained high until death. although igm class autoantibodies also appeared earlier than ... | 1987 | 3324285 |
| effect of variation in temperature on development of plasmodium berghei (nk 65 strain) in anopheles stephensi. | effect of temperature on the sporogonic cycle of plasmodium berghei (nk 65) has been studied in vector anopheles stephensi. to determine the optimum temperature for development of parasite, fed mosquitoes were kept at 16 +/- 1 degree c, 19 +/- 1 degree c and 26 +/- 1 degree c temperature. the temperature 19 +/- 1 degree c was found to be optimum for normal development of parasite within the vector. sporulated oocysts were observed on the 10th day post feed and salivary glands were loaded with th ... | 1987 | 3322990 |
| concomitant infections of anopheles stephensi with plasmodium berghei and serratia marcescens: additive detrimental effects. | the mortality rate of anopheles stephensi increased after infection with plasmodium berghei and correlated negatively with temperature. development of oocysts is inhibited at temperatures above 21 degrees c. we tested the hypothesis that microorganisms were involved in killing the mosquitoes. in fact we were able to demonstrate that in our a. stephensi colony great numbers of serratia marcescens could be found in the midgut of the insects. the highest value was 2.3 x 10(7) cfu/ml. other bacteria ... | 1987 | 3321762 |
| ultrastructural studies on the interaction of plasmodium falciparum ookinetes with the midgut epithelium of anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. | the interaction of plasmodium falciparum ookinetes with the midgut epithelium of anopheles stephensi is described by electron microscopy. plasmodium falciparum ookinetes have been traced during the early stages of invasion and localization beneath the basal lamina of the midgut. it is generally assumed that ookinetes break through two membranes to reach the basal lamina of the midgut epithelium by an intracellular route. in the present study evidence is presented that the ookinete takes an inter ... | 1987 | 3321042 |
| transmission blockade of plasmodium falciparum: its variability with gametocyte numbers and concentration of antibody. | the transmission of plasmodium falciparum through anopheles stephensi was measured in the presence of anti-gamete (anti-45/48 kda) and anti-zygote/ookinete (anti-25 kda) antibodies. with lowering numbers of infectious gametocytes in the presence of the same concentration of antibodies, different results were obtained with the two types of antibodies. transmission blocking appeared to weaken when using anti-45/48 kda antibody, whilst, with the anti-25 kda antibody, transmission inhibition was mar ... | 1987 | 3318022 |
| chesson strain plasmodium vivax in saimiri sciureus boliviensis monkeys. | nine saimiri sciureus boliviensis monkeys were inoculated with sporozoites of plasmodium vivax (chesson strain) dissected from anopheles stephensi mosquitoes infected by feeding on blood from infected chimpanzees. the animals were splenectomized 7 days after inoculation. seven animals developed infections with prepatent periods ranging from 12 to 43 days (mean of 19.6 days). parasitemias were low during the first 50 days. maximum parasitemias in 5 animals in which the strain adapted ranged from ... | 1987 | 3309241 |
| the infectivity and purification of cultured plasmodium berghei ookinetes. | plasmodium berghei ookinetes were cultured from hamster blood as described previously (kurtti and munderloh, 1986). an average of 7.3 x 10(6) ookinetes was harvested from each ml of blood. ookinetes were purified by centrifugation on first a 40% and then a 36% percoll gradient. the final preparation comprised 32.8% of the ookinetes initially obtained, and contained 3.3 other parasite stages or blood cells per ookinete. unpurified and purified ookinetes were resuspended in hamster blood and fed t ... | 1987 | 3309240 |
| plasmodium falciparum: ingested anti-sporozoite antibodies affect sporogony in anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. | in endemic areas, malaria-infected mosquitoes may feed upon humans who possess antibodies against malaria sporozoites. therefore, we examined the effect that ingested anti-sporozoite antibodies have upon plasmodium falciparum sporogony within anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. anti-sporozoite antibodies (igg) traversed the midgut into the hemocoel within 3 hr following ingestion and, depending upon the titer, persisted for 6-24 hr. when fed to infected a. stephensi at 12 days postinfection (p.i.), ... | 1988 | 3294024 |
| immunogold localization of circumsporozoite protein of the malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum during sporogony in anopheles stephensi midguts. | the occurrence of the circumsporozoite (cs) proteins of plasmodium falciparum sporozoites was monitored during sporogonic development in anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. using a monoclonal anti-cs protein antibody (3sp2) and immunogold labeling on ultrathin cryosections it was found that cs protein is synthesized in immature oocysts from day 6 onwards when there are not yet signs of sporozoite formation. the cs protein is rapidly incorporated in the oocyst plasmalemma, which subsequently invagina ... | 1988 | 3294006 |
| stage-selective inhibition of rodent malaria by cyclosporine. | the relative susceptibility of different developmental stages of plasmodium berghei to cyclosporine was investigated in vivo. within 12 h of receiving a single 25-mg/kg (body weight) dose of cyclosporine, mice with patent p. berghei infections uniformly exhibited a rapid fall in asexual parasite stages. initially, ring forms and mature schizonts disappeared. subsequently, trophozoites disappeared between 21 and 24 h, whereas gametocytes persisted for 36 h. in contrast, when cyclosporine was admi ... | 1988 | 3288113 |
| the biotin-streptavidin system in a two-site elisa for the detection of plasmodial sporozoite antigen in mosquitoes. | a two-site elisa has been designed for the detection of sporozoite antigen in mosquitoes. biotin-labelled monoclonal antibodies against sporozoites and a streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex were used to visualize the antigen. evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of the procedure was carried out and background levels of reactivity on the basis of negative mosquitoes were calculated. the test has been deliberately kept as simple as possible for use in the tropics and was designed using ... | 1988 | 3281101 |
| vertical distribution of anopheles stephensi larvae in calcutta. | 1988 | 3268460 | |
| a newly discovered habitat of anopheles stephensi in present-day calcutta with evidence of natural malarial infection. | in calcutta adult anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were captured in significantly greater numbers from temporary human shelters than from their conventional resting places, such as brick built indoor rooms and cattlesheds, pointing out a change of behaviour in seeking their resting places which may have occurred due to excitorepelletory action of insecticides used indoors in bygone days. | 1988 | 3227564 |
| changes in the spontaneous flight activity of the mosquito anopheles stephensi by parasitization with the rodent malaria plasmodium yoelii. | an acoustic actograph was used to monitor for 17 days after infection the spontaneous flight activity of the mosquito anopheles stephensi parasitized with the rodent malaria plasmodium yoelii. activity fell to approximately two-thirds of control levels at about day 10 post-infection--when oocysts were reaching maximum size and starting to rupture (mean number of oocysts = 92)--and thereafter remained at this reduced level. the circadian activity pattern was not affected by the parasitism. | 1988 | 3200604 |
| propoxur susceptibility test of anopheles stephensi in southern islamic republic of iran (1976-86). | in southern iran, adults of anopheles stephensi, the main vector of malaria, are resistant to ddt, dieldrin and malathion. susceptibility tests carried out with propoxur-impregnated papers during 1976-86 in 5 villages in minab county, showed that, despite 10 years of propoxur application twice a year in dwellings, an. stephensi remained susceptible to this insecticide. | 1988 | 3193112 |
| another bacillus sphaericus serotype harbouring strains very toxic to mosquito larvae: serotype h6. | ten isolates of bacillus sphaericus from ghana, very toxic to mosquito larvae, have been identified as belonging to serotype h6. these isolates can be represented by the head-group strain iab59. they form crystals at the sporulation stage. their larvicidal effect on culex pipiens and anopheles stephensi larvae is as high as that of the most toxic strains already known, e.g. 1593 and 2362 (serotype h5a,5b) and 2297 (serotype h25). spore-crystal extracts of all these strains contain a 43-kd polype ... | 1988 | 3179062 |
| indigenous bulk production of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (serotype h-14) & its larvicidal action against anopheles stephensi. | 1988 | 3169900 | |
| effect of mitomycin-c and cyclophosphamide on the polytene chromosomes of anopheles stephensi (culicidae:diptera). | polytene chromosomes from the salivary glands of the mosquito, anopheles stephensi, were used to evaluate the mutagenic effect of mitomycin-c and cyclophosphamide. second instar larvae were treated with 1.4 micrograms/ml of mitomycin-c and 20.7 micrograms/ml of cyclophosphamide separately for 24 h. polytene chromosome preparations were made from the salivary glands of 4th instar larvae. mitomycin-c treated stocks showed as many as 46.99 +/- 2.48% aberrations compared with 7.5 +/- 0.80% in the co ... | 1987 | 3123146 |
| [intravector anti-plasmodium activity of a pyrethrinoid: deltamethrin]. | in vitro tests, deltamethrin reduced the parasitemic index of plasmodium falciparum on human red blood corpuscles. in vivo tests, at sublethal doses, deltamethrin limited the development of the sporogonic cycle of plasmodium yoelii yoelii in anopheles stephensi. this novel type of antiplasmodic activity involve an intravectorial route and gives an explanation about surprising antimalaria effects observed several months after treatment. | 1986 | 3096513 |
| ultrastructural studies on morphogenesis of rhoptries in sporozoites of plasmodium berghei (nk 65) in anopheles stephensi. | 1988 | 3077372 | |
| effect of mefloquine and artemisinin on the sporogonic cycle of plasmodium berghei anka in anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. | 1988 | 3072821 | |
| reduced susceptibility to permethrin and its relationship to ddt resistance in larvae of anopheles stephensi. | permethrin selection of ddt resistant anopheles stephensi liston mosquito larvae produced a reduction in susceptibility to knockdown (2 h exposure) of 17-fold, but only 1.6-fold to kill (24 h exposure). genetic analysis, incorporating visible mutant markers, was interpreted as indicating that, through multigenic inheritance, several interacting genetic factors were collectively responsible for reduced larval susceptibility to knockdown. these were maintained together only under selection pressur ... | 1988 | 2980158 |
| egg-float ridge number in anopheles stephensi: ecological variation and genetic analysis. | eight indian laboratory stocks of anopheles stephensi liston could be grouped into three categories with, respectively, 14-22, 12-17 and 9-15 ridges on the egg-floats. the mode number of ridges among the eggs laid by individual females in these stocks was 16-19, 13-16 and 10-14, respectively. the category with the highest egg-float ridge number corresponded with the type-form and the lowest with var. mysorensis sweet and rao; the new egg-float category with ridge number modes of thirteen to sixt ... | 1987 | 2979540 |
| comparative studies of metarhizium anisopliae and tolypocladium cylindrosporum as pathogens of mosquito larvae. | mosquito fungal pathogens, metarhizium anisopliae and tolypocladium cylindrosporum, were compared with regard to virulence against the larvae of aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi and culex pipiens. culex pipiens larvae were much more susceptible to m. anisopliae conidia than an. stephensi or ae. aegypti. but ae. aegypti and cx. pipiens larvae were equally susceptible to t. cylindrosporum propagules which weakly attack an. stephensi. using a high concentration conidial suspension (10(7) sp/ml) o ... | 1986 | 2906985 |
| specificity of action on mosquito larvae of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis toxins encoded by two different genes. | a 135 kda protein gene and two open reading frames (orf1 and orf2) have been cloned from a large plasmid of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (bourgouin et al. 1986). the escherichia coli recombinant clones containing these genes were highly toxic to larvae of aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi and culex pipiens. from subcloning experiments it was deduced that the 135 kda polypeptide alone was responsible for the toxic activity on both a. aegypti and an. stephensi larvae. in contrast, the prese ... | 1988 | 2906402 |
| toxicity, localization and elimination of the phototoxin, alpha-terthienyl, in mosquito larvae. | mosquito larvae were examined to determine interspecific and interstrain differences in susceptibility to the larvicidal effects of the plant-derived phototoxin, alpha-terthienyl (alpha-t). the lc50 values were as follows: aedes aegypti, 4 ppb; ae. epactius, 6 ppb; anopheles stephensi, 14 ppb; malathion-susceptible culex tarsalis (s), 12 ppb; malathion-resistant cx. tarsalis (r), 16 ppb. fluorescence studies indicated localization of alpha-t in the midgut epithelium and in the lumen of malpighia ... | 1988 | 2906359 |
| formation of the circumsporozoite protein of plasmodium falciparum in anopheles stephensi. | the place and time of synthesis of the circumsporozoite protein of p. falciparum was analysed with a monoclonal antibody directed against the (nanp)3 repetitive epitope of the cs protein. by using an indirect fluorescent antibody test the epitope could be detected on the oocyst 7 days after infection and 3 days before the appearance of mature sporozoites. using the western blot technique, 3 polypeptides from midgut preparations were recognized by the (nanp)3-specific monoclonal antibody from the ... | 1988 | 2896447 |
| recycling of bacillus sphaericus 2362 in mosquito larvae: a laboratory study. | after ingestion by culex pipiens and anopheles stephensi fourth instar larvae, spores of bacillus sphaericus strain 2362 rapidly germinated inside live mosquito midgut. bacterial counts and electron microscopic observations on intoxicated larvae revealed that the number of viable spores rapidly decreased during the first 12 h, with a minimum between 12 and 24 h. in cadavers, the number of heat-resistant spores quickly increased between the first and second day post-feeding. after one week, the n ... | 1986 | 2893581 |
| immunoelectron microscopic demonstration of pancreatic polypeptide in midgut epithelium of hematophagous dipterans. | midguts of mosquitoes, aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi, and of the tsetse fly, glossina morsitans morsitans, as well as guinea pig pancreas, were prepared for electron microscopy by using low-temperature embedding in lowicryl k4m. rabbit antiserum to bovine pancreatic polypeptide (pp) crossreacted with secretory granules of pancreatic pp-producing cells and of the clear cells in mosquito gut. rabbit antiserum to human somatostatin crossreacted with the control tissue, guinea pig pancreas d ... | 1987 | 2885369 |
| efficacy of czechoslovak and soviet bacillus thuringiensis (serotype h-14) formulations against mosquito larvae. | laboratory and field comparisons were made with two wettable powder formulations of bacillus thuringiensis serotype h-14 (b. t. h-14) prepared in czechoslovakia ("moskitur") and the ussr ("baktokulicid"). expressed in the international aedes aegypti toxic units (tu x mg-1) the potency of these two test formulations was greater than that of the institute pasteur standard ips-78 (= 1,000 tu x mg-1), i.e. moskitur had a potency of about 1,500 tu x mg-1 and the soviet baktokulicid 2,000 tu x mg-1. t ... | 1987 | 2883232 |
| laboratory study on the mosquito larvicidal properties of leaf and seed extract of the plant agave americana. | experiments on the leaf extract tested against three mosquito species led to 100% mortality of stage 4 anopheles, aedes and culex larvae at a concentration of 0.08% within 24-48 h, whereas 100% mortality of stage 1 larvae occurred at lower concentrations: 0.0032% for aedes aegypti, 0.016% for culex quinquefasciatus and 0.08% for anopheles stephensi, and was more rapid. at the end of 24 h, the highest dilution of the seed extract studied (1:200) produces a larval mortality of 100% for anopheles a ... | 1987 | 2882030 |
| efficacy of arosurf--a monomolecular surface film, in controlling culex quinquefasciatus say, anopheles stephensi liston & aedes aegypti (l). | 1986 | 2874113 | |
| a bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis gene encoding a 125-kilodalton larvicidal polypeptide is associated with inverted repeat sequences. | a gene encoding a 125-kilodalton (kda) mosquitocidal delta-endotoxin was cloned from the 72-mda resident plasmid of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. this gene is similar in its 3' region to the gene encoding the 135-kda protein previously cloned (c. bourgouin, a. klier, and g. rapoport, mol. gen. genet. 205:390-397, 1986). escherichia coli recombinant clones harboring the 125-kda gene were toxic to larvae of the three mosquito species aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi, and culex pipie ... | 1988 | 2841292 |
| laboratory evaluation of face paint repellent formulation using human volunteers under three climatic regimens. | a new combination of repellent with camouflage face paint was evaluated on volunteers against the mosquitoes aedes aegypti (l.) and anopheles stephensi (liston) in an environmental chamber under three climatic regimens: tropical open, tropical forested, and hot dry environments. the duration of protection varied significantly among different climates. the camouflage face paint with diethylmethylbenzamide (deet) provided 95% protection from mosquitoes for 4 h, except under tropical open climate, ... | 1989 | 2795618 |
| artemisinin (qinghaosu)--a new gametocytocidal drug for malaria. | gametocytocidal activity of artemisinin (qinghaosu) has been demonstrated against simian malaria parasite plasmodium cynomolgi b. colony-bred anopheles stephensi were allowed to feed on gametocyte-carrying rhesus monkeys and the mosquito infectivity rate and oocyst count of the infected mosquito gut were recorded on day 8-9 postinfection. control (pretreatment) feedings of mosquito on gametocyte-carrying monkeys showed good infectivity in different batches of the mosquitoes ranging from 57.14 to ... | 1989 | 2766860 |
| plasmodium falciparum ookinetes migrate intercellularly through anopheles stephensi midgut epithelium. | the migration of plasmodium falciparum and p. berghei ookinetes through the midgut epithelium in anopheles stephensi was studied by transmission electron microscopy. with ruthenium red (rr) staining, the results of previous studies were confirmed: p. falciparum ookinetes take an intercellular route through the midgut epithelium. in the same mosquito species, the rodent parasite p. berghei appeared to take an intracellular position, as previously suggested by other authors. the intra- or intercel ... | 1989 | 2695921 |
| plasmodium falciparum: administration of anti-sporozoite antibodies during sporogony results in production of sporozoites which are not neutralized by human anti-circumsporozoite protein vaccine sera. | five days after receiving a plasmodium falciparum nf54 infectious blood meal, anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were fed rat anti-p, falciparum sporozoite or rabbit anti-r32tet32 antibodies. sporozoites isolated from salivary glands were tested by the inhibition of sporozoite invasion (isi) assay using monoclonal antibody (mab) 2a10 to p. falciparum circumsporozoite protein or sera from human volunteers immunized with p. falciparum r32tet32 or (nanp)3-tt vaccines. whereas sporozoites from control m ... | 1989 | 2694460 |
| ontogeny of ookinete of plasmodium berghei (nk 65): a scanning electron microscopic study. | the ontogeny of ookinete of plasmodium berghei (nk 65) was studied in vector anopheles stephensi fed on infected mastomys natalensis. the round zygote transformed into an ookinete after passing through following stages-1 gram-seed shaped zygote, 2 comma-shaped stage, 3 semilunar and 4 banana shaped ookinete. each fully formed ookinete had a 'conule' at the anterior end of the body. in some ookinetes under sem a depression was observed in the posterior half of the body. the function of the depres ... | 1989 | 2681394 |
| immunogold determination of plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein in anopheles stephensi salivary gland cells. | the distribution of circumsporozoite (cs) proteins of plasmodium falciparum sporozoites was observed during the passage of mature sporozoites in the hemocoel of anopheles stephensi and during their entrance and sojourn in the salivary gland cells (sgc). the cs protein was visualized using a monoclonal antibody (3sp2) and immunogold labeling on ultrathin cryosections. in the hemocoel the sporozoites cease synthesizing cs protein, and some of it is shedded resulting in a patchy labeling pattern on ... | 1989 | 2668001 |
| lectin-binding sites in the midgut of the mosquitoes anopheles stephensi liston and aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae). | the presence and distribution of binding sites for eight different lectins, con a, dba, hpl, lfa, rca i, sba, uea i, and wga, were compared in the midguts of plasmodium gallinaceum-infected aedes aegypti and plasmodium berghei-infected anopheles stephensi. lectins with high specificity for n-acetyl-d-glucosamine (glcnac) exhibited high binding preference for the peritrophic membrane and microvillar glycocalyx of ae. aegypti; the same structures were preferentially labeled by n-acetyl-d-galactosa ... | 1989 | 2649879 |
| estimate of plasmodium falciparum sporozoite content of anopheles stephensi used to challenge human volunteers. | plasmodium falciparum infected anopheles stephensi, taken from a group of mosquitoes which had been used to challenge recipients of (nanp)3-tt vaccine, were tested for p. falciparum sporozoite content by an immunoradiometric assay. seventy-six percent were infected with mean and median sporozoite equivalents per mosquito of 220,994 and 217,398, respectively (sd = 54,911). this sporozoite density is greater than that usually found in the field. these data suggest that this challenge for evaluatin ... | 1989 | 2645802 |
| infectivity studies on anopheles stephensi using plasmodium cynomolgi b infection in rhesus monkeys. | the characteristics of primary and secondary asexual peak parasitaemia during sporozoite induced plasmodium cynomolgi b infections in 40 rhesus monkeys have been studied. colony bred anopheles stephensi were fed on different days on the gametocyte carrying monkeys and the infectivity of mosquitoes as determined by oocyst count on day 8 post-feeding was recorded. following the day of sporozoite inoculation, the mean prepatent period was 8.58 +/- 0.87 days. the primary asexual peak was attained on ... | 1989 | 2623421 |
| [ultrastructural study on effect of primaquine on sporogonic stage of plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis]. | ultrastructural changes of oocysts and sporozoites of plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis was observed. anopheles stephensi were allowed to obtain blood meal from the mice which had been administered with primaquine diphosphate at different doses and times. mosquitoes were directed and prepared 6-13 d following infection. electron microscopy showed that the development and morphology of a number of oocysts and sporozoites in infected mosquitoes after treatment became abnormal. the cytoplasma of the oo ... | 1989 | 2610001 |
| [a comparison of the efficiency of density gradient and low-speed centrifugation methods for isolating plasmodium sporozoites]. | p. yoelii sporozoites(sp) in anopheles stephensi were first isolated with low-speed centrifugation and the sp suspension was subsequently purified with the density gradient centrifugation. the recovery rates of sp by the latter method is about 50 approximately 75% of that by the former, but few debris could be found in the sp suspension and the infectivity of the sp was not weakened as compared with the sp obtained by low-speed method. sp would retain partial infectivity, when its suspension was ... | 1989 | 2591040 |
| [comparison in susceptibility of anopheles dirus and anopheles stephensi to b strain of plasmodium cynomolgi]. | this paper reports on the comparative susceptibility of a. dirus (hainan strain) and a. stephensi (hor strain) to the b strain of p. cynomolgi in paired feeding experiments. in the most susceptible infective period, the infection rate in midgut and salivary gland of the two species was over 90%, the difference is not statistically significant. in relatively infective period, three experiments were performed, the infection rate in midgut of a. dirus was 24.4-60.4% with an average of 46.5% (53/114 ... | 1989 | 2591037 |
| structure-activity relationships in diphenyl ethers for insect growth regulating activity against mosquitoes. | out of the 30 substituted diphenyl ethers synthesized and tested for insect growth regulating (igr) activity against mosquitoes, three compounds viz., dpe-16, 19 and 28 showed promising igr activity. while dpe-16 and 19 were found to be effective against all three vector species tested viz., culex quinquefasciatus, aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi, with the respective ei50 values of 0.1485, 0.3650, 0.2225 mg/l and 0.1474, 0.1392, 0.1145 mg/l, dpe-28 was found to be highly effective against ... | 1989 | 2576420 |
| [evaluation of the action of ivermectin on blood-sucking mosquitoes]. | the effect of ivomec, a formulation of ivermectin administered by various routes: through biological membrane and feeder animal was assessed. higher insecticidal effect was obtained by feeding mosquitoes with blood containing ivermectin through biological membrane. anopheles stephensi females were the most sensitive of 3 species under study. their total death after feeding was observed at 1 ppm, while for aedes aegypti the lethal dose was 2.5 ppm and for an. sacharovi, 50 ppm. subcutaneous injec ... | 1989 | 2571066 |
| haemogregarina sp. (apicomplexa: adeleorina) from the gecko tarentola annularis in the sudan: fine structure and life-cycle trials. | the ubiquitous gecko tarentola annularis in the area around khartoum, sudan, was found to be infected with haemogregarina sp., with merogonic stages in its pulmonary endothelial cells and gamonts in its erythrocytes. the fine structure of haemogregarina meronts, merozoites and gamonts revealed great conformity with the micromorphology of similar stages of other apicomplexan parasites. the unsuccessful transmission of haemogregarina gamonts to the mosquitoes aedes aegypti, culex quinquefasciatus ... | 1989 | 2569195 |
| effects of weathering on fabrics treated with permethrin for protection against mosquitoes. | permethrin-impregnated and untreated fabrics were evaluated for their toxic and repellent effects against anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti after both types of fabrics were subjected to accelerated weathering for 9 weeks, under a simulated wet/tropical environment. the toxic (knockdown) effect of permethrin-impregnated fabrics against both species of mosquitoes diminished rapidly after 1 week compared to the repellent effect. after 6 weeks of weathering, the remaining low amounts of permethr ... | 1989 | 2568392 |
| variation in binding of bacillus sphaericus toxin and wheat germ agglutinin to larval midgut cells of six species of mosquitoes. | bacillus sphaericus toxin labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate was readily ingested by culex pipiens, aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi, anopheles gambiae, anopheles quadrimaculatus, and anopheles albimanus larvae. fluorescent toxin bound to the luminal cell surface in discrete regions of the posterior midgut and gastric caecum in c. pipiens. in anopheles spp., toxin bound in a variable pattern to these structures and central and anterior midgut as well. the toxin did not bind to midgut cell ... | 1989 | 2566636 |
| maintaining mosquito cell lines at high temperatures: effects on the replication of flaviviruses. | the upper thermal limit for maintenance of eleven mosquito cell lines was studied. although most cell lines could be grown at 32 degrees c to 34 degrees c, anopheles stephensi cell line could be maintained at 37 degrees c. at higher temperatures initial growth rate was higher, but yield of cells after about a week of incubation was lower than at the standard temperature (28 degrees c). replication of several flaviviruses in aedes albopictus cell cultures adapted to 34.5 degrees c was faster, and ... | 1989 | 2563994 |
| uptake and persistence of ingested antibody in the mosquito anopheles stephensi. | a sensitive elisa was developed to monitor the persistence of a specific antibody, rabbit anti-bsa, in the bloodmeal, haemolymph and tissues of the mosquito anopheles stephensi liston. different concentrations of anti-bsa were fed to female mosquitoes in sheep blood, via a membrane-feeder, and it was found that antibody persisted in the gut as the bloodmeal was digested: concentrations present at 24 h were directly related to those fed. homogenates of mosquito bodies, from which the intact guts ... | 1989 | 2519668 |
| selection of anopheles stephensi for refractoriness and susceptibility to plasmodium falciparum. | variation in susceptibility of the vector anopheles stephensi liston to the human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum (welch) was demonstrated using twelve strains of mosquitoes and one strain of parasites cultured in vitro. the beech strain of an. stephensi exhibited greatest natural refractoriness, but with high intrapopulation variability. by selection for the required characteristic, two refractory lines of the punjab strain and one highly susceptible line of the sind strain were obtained ... | 1989 | 2519646 |
| analysis of the sporogonic development of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium berghei in anopheline mosquitoes. | basic knowledge of the sporogonic development of malarial parasites is crucial when evaluating the sporontocidal activity of antimalarial drugs or when determining why certain vectors are refractory to a particular parasite while others are competent vectors. we have developed a model which we have used to i) assess the sporogonic development of plasmodium berghei anka in anopheles stephensi and a. freeborni mosquitoes and ii) determine the effect of chloroquine on the sporogony of p. falciparum ... | 1989 | 2487889 |
| development of malaria parasites in mosquitoes fed with ookinetes suspended in defined media. | information concerning the specific nutritional requirements of malarial parasites developing in the mosquito host has been difficult to obtain, owing primarily to the complex nature of the blood meal that accompanies the parasites and the lack of success in culturing the complete invertebrate cycle of plasmodium in vitro. the present report describes a blood-free system for infecting mosquitoes with ookinetes of plasmodium berghei and for allowing the latter to develop into infective sporozoite ... | 1990 | 2406164 |
| quantitation of antisporozoite immunoglobulins in the hemolymph of anopheles stephensi after bloodfeeding. | passage of rat antibodies induced by plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (anti-cs igg) from the bloodmeal into the hemocoel of uninfected anopheles stephensi mosquitoes was quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) techniques. anti-cs igg were present in hemolymph immediately upon cessation of mosquito feeding. titers peaked at 3 hr post-ingestion then declined steadily, becoming negligible at 18 hr. substantial titers were present in the bloodmeal at 24 hr post-inges ... | 1990 | 2405724 |
| morphological variations in natural populations of anopheles stephensi liston 1901 collected from kutch (gujarat). | a survey in february-march 1984 yielded a total of 9222 specimens of anopheline mosquitoes collected from 9 talukas of kutch out of which 6729 were a. stephensi. this was thus the dominant species observed during this period. a total of 216 specimens of a. stephensi showed variations in palpi and wings. | 1990 | 2384183 |
| transfer of the toxin protein genes of bacillus sphaericus into bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis and their expression. | the genes encoding the toxic determinants of bacillus sphaericus have been expressed in a nontoxic and a toxic strain of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. in both cases, the b. sphaericus toxin proteins were produced at a high level during sporulation of b. thuringiensis and accumulated as crystalline structures. b. thuringiensis transformants expressing b. sphaericus and b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis toxins did not show a significant enhancement of toxicity against aedes aegypti, ... | 1990 | 2306087 |
| location of a gene conferring ddt resistance but no pyrethroid cross-resistance in larvae of anopheles stephensi. | in larvae of anopheles stephensi, ddt resistance of 30 to 40-fold, involving no cross-resistance to pyrethroids, showed fully dominant monofactorial inheritance. the gene, termed ddt, is located 36.6 cross-over units from the morphological mutant, black larvae (bl), on chromosome iii. a polygenic system, which confers a 17-fold reduction in susceptibility to knockdown by the pyrethroid, permethrin, also makes a minor contribution to ddt resistance. it was not possible to block ddt resistance wit ... | 1990 | 2286326 |
| bloodmeal digestion by strains of anopheles stephensi liston (diptera: culicidae) of differing susceptibility to plasmodium falciparum. | blood digestion was studied in strains of anopheles stephensi which had been genetically selected for either refractoriness or susceptibility to infection by plasmodium falciparum. females of the refractory pb3-9a strain ingested more blood than selected (sda-500) and unselected (punjab) susceptible females and began to degrade the haemoglobin soon after feeding. in susceptible females, haemoglobin degradation started only after a significant post-feeding lag period. total protein content of the ... | 1990 | 2263414 |
| role of insects as inhalant allergens in bronchial asthma with special reference to the clinical characteristics of patients. | the whole body extracts (wbes) of 13 common insects from delhi, namely musca domestica (house fly); sitophilus oryzae (rice weevil); callosobrochous maculatus (pulse beetle); anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti (mosquitoes); blattella germanica and periplaneta americana (cockroaches: male, female and nymph); spodoptera litura and heliothis armigera (moths), were prepared to evaluate their allergenic significance in patients with allergic bronchial asthma. intradermal (i ... | 1990 | 2253082 |
| plasmodium falciparum-infected anopheles stephensi inconsistently transmit malaria to humans. | malaria was transmitted to only 5 of 10 volunteers bitten by 1-2 anopheles stephensi carrying sporozoites of the 3d7 clone of the nf54 strain of plasmodium falciparum in their salivary glands. parasites were detectable by culture in blood taken 7-10 days following exposure and by thick blood film 14-16.5 days after exposure. infectivity did not correlate with the numbers of sporozoites in the salivary glands. | 1990 | 2240371 |
| intraspecific variation in the reproductive capacity of anopheles stephensi (diptera: culicidae). | intraspecific variation in the reproductive capacity of anopheles stephensi liston females was studied under constant laboratory conditions. of 421 engorged females examined individually throughout their lifetimes, 260 laid a total of 479 egg batches with a maximum of nine ovipositions per female. the number of eggs per oviposition varied from 5 to 247 (average 96.8). the number of ovipositions per female were correlated positively with the average number of eggs per batch and exhibited a negati ... | 1990 | 2231619 |
| the peruvian iii strain of plasmodium brasilianum in saimiri sciureus boliviensis monkeys. | a strain of plasmodium brasilianum was isolated from a naturally infected saimiri monkey from peru and subsequently passaged to 21 splenectomized saimiri sciureus boliviensis monkeys. nine of 12 attempts to transmit infection by sporozoite inoculation were successful with prepatent periods ranging from 23 to 41 days. gametocytes were infective to anopheles freeborni, anopheles stephensi, anopheles dirus, anopheles maculatus, and anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. the strain demonstrated a high level ... | 1990 | 2213410 |
| [soluble protein and esterase isozyme analysis of adult female anopheles stephensi after plasmodium yoelii yoelii-infected blood meal]. | in this paper, the system of anopheles stephensi and plasmodium yoelii yoelii was used as animal model. the soluble protein and esterase isozymes of adult female mosquitoes at various times after taking noninfected and plasmodia-infected blood meal were investigated. the result shows that the amount of soluble protein in plasmodia-infected mosquitoes was lower than that in noninfected ones (p less than 0.01); the activity and electrophoretic patterns of est in infected mosquitoes being also diff ... | 1990 | 2208623 |
| [combined action of pyronaridine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine against plasmodium berghei anka strain in mice]. | pyronaridine, a highly effective antimalarial drug, was synthesized and developed by this institute. in order to test whether the joint blood schizontocidal action of pyronaridine (pnd) and 2:1 mixture of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (sp) resulted in a potentiation or an additive effect, groups of p berghei anka strain-infected mice were treated with various single oral doses of pnd and sp. thin blood smears were made after 72 h and the parasitemia-negative rates were calculated. the ed50 values ob ... | 1990 | 2206014 |
| an estimation of the number of malaria sporozoites ejected by a feeding mosquito. | restrained anopheles stephensi mosquitoes infected with plasmodium falciparum were made to produce time-dependent series of saliva droplets in mineral oil. the relative volume of each droplet and the number of sporozoites each contained were determined microscopically; gland sporozoites were estimated with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. median gland infection was 8170 and median number of sporozoites ejected was 15 (range, 0-978). inoculum size was positively correlated to the number of s ... | 1990 | 2202101 |
| the distribution of circumsporozoite protein (cs) in anopheles stephensi mosquitoes infected with plasmodium falciparum malaria. | we monitored the distribution of plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (cs) in anopheles stephensi using an immunohistochemical method. an alkaline phosphatase-labeled monoclonal antibody, specific for the cs protein of p. falciparum, was incubated with tissue sections from infected and non-infected mosquitoes. sections were stained for phosphatase activity using a new fuchsin/naphthol as-bi phosphate capture system. distribution of the cs protein in mosquitoes was dependent on the time ... | 1990 | 2181019 |
| sporontocidal activity of the antimalarial wr-238605 against plasmodium berghei anka in anopheles stephensi. | the influence of wr-238605 (8-[(4-amino-1-methyl-butyl) amino]-2,6-dimethoxy-4-methyl-5-[3-tri-fluoromethylphenoxyl] quinoline succinate) on the sporogonic development of a plasmodium berghei anka clone was determined. anopheles stephensi were fed on p. berghei infected mice treated 90 min earlier with 25 or 50 mg wr-238605/kg body weight. mosquitoes engorging on drug-treated mice produced the same number of ookinetes as did those fed on controls; drug-fed mosquitoes produced fewer oocysts/mosqu ... | 1990 | 2180334 |
| blood digestion in the mosquito, anopheles stephensi liston (diptera: culicidae): partial characterization and post-feeding activity of midgut aminopeptidases. | aminopeptidase activity was partially characterized from midguts of anopheles stephensi liston which had been dissected 30 h after blood feeding. in crude midgut homogenate supernatants the aminopeptidases showed optimum activity at ph 8.0 and preferentially hydrolyzed alanine- and leucine-terminal amino acid substrates. methionine, proline, lysine, and arginine terminal substrates were hydrolysed, but not glutamic acid. activity was stimulated by mg2+, edta, and low ca2+ concentrations, while m ... | 1990 | 2134023 |
| [study on the exoerythrocytic forms of plasmodium yoelii yoelii in rats and mice]. | sd rats and three strains of mice were infected with plasmodium yoelii yoelii by265 strain by intravenous inoculation of sporozoites via tail vein. liver tissues were taken 42 hours after infection and serial sections were made and stained by colophonium-giemsa method for microscopic examination. the ratio of the average value of major diameter/minor diameter of exoerythrocytic(ee)schizonts of plasmodium yoelii yoelii in rats and mice of icr/jcl, c57bl, km strains was 35.81 +/- 4.56 microns/29.7 ... | 1990 | 2099260 |
| genetics of golden-yellow larva in anopheles stephensi. | two larval body color mutants, golden-yellow larva (gy) and black larva (bl) were isolated from laboratory strains of anopheles stephensi. the inheritance pattern revealed that golden-yellow larva was an autosomal recessive and black larva an autosomal semi-dominant mutant. both of these mutants were found to be linked with a map distance of 3.75 +/- 0.42 and have been placed in linkage group iii. | 1990 | 2098476 |
| large-scale production of plasmodium vivax sporozoites. | mass-scale production of plasmodium vivax sporozoites in anopheles stephensi was achieved using the chimpanzee (pan troglodytes) as a source of infective blood. membrane feeding was as successful as feeding mosquitoes directly on the animal so long as the time between drawing the blood and feeding was restricted to 45 min. longer delays such as 2-3 h resulted in loss of infectivity in terms of oocyst production. the selected strain of a. stephensi was highly susceptible to p. vivax (chesson stra ... | 1990 | 2092287 |
| [effect of a growth inhibitor, oms 2017, on the fertility of anopheles stephensi liston, 1091 (diptera: culicidae]. | susceptibility of the anopheles stephensi in front of a growth inhibitory product, type ecdysoid, who 2017, under laboratory conditions, was detected. in addition, an inhibitory effect on fecundity was found after the exposition of initial fourth stage larvae in front of a dose of 0.001 mg/l. | 2009 | 2089505 |
| [in vitro cultivation of the exoerythrocytic stage of plasmodium berghei]. | this paper reports on an in vitro culture system for the exoerythrocytic (ee) stage of plasmodium berghei (p.b.) using embryonic lung cells. the system was first developed by our laboratory in china. the embryonic lung cells were isolated by trypsin digestion of a human embryonic lung obtained from a therapeutic abortion case and was designated as cell line elu 8801. anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were infected by biting p.b. anka strain infected kunming mice and after 18-21 days were dissected ... | 1991 | 2065449 |
| quantitation of plasmodium falciparum sporozoites transmitted in vitro by experimentally infected anopheles gambiae and anopheles stephensi. | the frequency and numbers of plasmodium falciparum sporozoites transmitted in vitro and corresponding sporozoite loads were determined for experimentally infected anopheles gambiae and an. stephensi. geometric mean (gm) sporozoite loads in three experiments ranged from 808 to 13, 905 for an. gambiae and from 6, 608 to 17, 702 for an. stephensi. a total of 44.1% of 68 infected an. gambiae and 49.2% of 63 infected an. stephensi transmitted sporozoites in vitro. the gm number of sporozoites transmi ... | 1991 | 2063960 |