Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| gynaecological infections as risk determinants of subsequent cervical neoplasia. | a longitudinal cohort study was carried out to determine whether gynaecological infections other than human papillomavirus (hpv) are also related to the subsequent increased risk of cervical neoplasia. the study comprised 19114 women attending the organized mass screening in finland in 1985-1990 with cytologically detected hpv, actinomyces, herpes simplex, trichomonas vaginalis, or yeast. the women were followed-up for subsequent preinvasive lesions and invasive cancers until the end of 1994 by ... | 2000 | 10752657 |
| centrin protein and genes in trichomonas vaginalis and close relatives. | anti-centrin monoclonal antibodies 20h5 and 11b2 produced against clamydomononas centrin decorated the group of basal bodies as well as very closely attached structures in all trichomonads studied and in the devescovinids foaina and devescovina. moreover, these antibodies decorated the undulating membrane in trichomonas vaginalis, trichomitus batrachorum, and tritrichomonas foetus, and the cresta in foaina. centrin was not demonstrated in the dividing spindle and paradesmosis. immunogold labelin ... | 2000 | 10750840 |
| competition and protease sensitivity assays provide evidence for the existence of a hydrogenosomal protein import machinery in trichomonas vaginalis. | hydrogenosomes are double membrane bounded redox organelles found in a number of amitochondriate protists and fungi. they are involved in carbohydrate metabolism and atp synthesis and thus resemble mitochondria. molecular analysis of the hydrogenosomal heat shock proteins hsp70, hsp60 and hsp10 in trichomonas vaginalis, one of the deepest-branching eukaryotes known to date, has revealed that these group exclusively with mitochondrial heat shock proteins. this finding indicates strongly that a pr ... | 2000 | 10743607 |
| comparative pathogenicity of trichomonas vaginalis isolated from symptomatic & asymptomatic cases. | pathogenicity of 19 isolates of t.vaginalis obtained from vaginal specimens were studied in the murine model by intraperitoneal route. sixteen isolates were recovered from the females with various clinical conditions and 3 isolates were from normal healthy females. pathogenicity level of these isolates were studied by inoculating 5 mice per isolates through intraperitoneal route and the animals were sacrificed on tenth day post-inoculation. in general, all the isolates recovered produced infecti ... | 1997 | 10740726 |
| [the preoperative preparation of the vagina with betadine before abortion on demand]. | recent evidence has associated bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis with several postoperative complications. we carried out a prospective study aiming to estimate the frequency of vaginitis in women wanting to make an artificial abortion and the possibility to influence this infections by local application of vaginal betadine suppositories in all forms of infectious vaginitis: candida albicans, trichomonas vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis. | 1999 | 10734676 |
| presence of a member of the mitochondrial carrier family in hydrogenosomes: conservation of membrane-targeting pathways between hydrogenosomes and mitochondria. | a number of microaerophilic eukaryotes lack mitochondria but possess another organelle involved in energy metabolism, the hydrogenosome. limited phylogenetic analyses of nuclear genes support a common origin for these two organelles. we have identified a protein of the mitochondrial carrier family in the hydrogenosome of trichomonas vaginalis and have shown that this protein, hmp31, is phylogenetically related to the mitochondrial adp-atp carrier (aac). we demonstrate that the hydrogenosomal aac ... | 2000 | 10713172 |
| trichomonas vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis. coexistence in vaginal wet mount preparations from pregnant women. | to identify how frequently trichomoniasis and characteristics of bacterial vaginosis (bv) occur concomitantly in wet mount preparations from pregnant women. | 2000 | 10710744 |
| screening of antibacterial and antiparasitic activities of six moroccan medicinal plants. | the extracts of six plants selected on the basis of folk-medicine reports were examined for their antibacterial effects against eight pathogenic bacteria. the results showed that n-butanol extract of calotropis procera proved to be the most effective against the bacteria tested using the paper disc diffusion method. the antiprotozoal activity was also examined and showed that ethyl ether extract of sium nodiflorum exhibits a parasiticidal effect against trichomonas intestinalis and vaginalis. | 1999 | 10709454 |
| preliminary screening of antiprotozoal activity of extracts from cotula cinerea l. | ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and n.butanol extracts of cotula cinerea l. were tested for their antiprotozoal activity against two species of trichomonas: trichomonas intestinalis and trichomonas vaginalis. it has been found that the growth of both trichomonas was significantly inhibited. | 1999 | 10709453 |
| failure to detect dna in hydrogenosomes of trichomonas vaginalis by nick translation and immunomicroscopy. | 2000 | 10699261 | |
| etiology of sexually transmitted infections among street-based female sex workers in dhaka, bangladesh. | an etiological study of sexually transmitted infections (stis) was conducted among female sex workers (fsws) in dhaka, bangladesh. endocervical swab and blood samples from 269 street-based fsws were examined for neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, and trichomonas vaginalis as well as for antibodies to treponema pallidum and herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2). sociodemographic data and data regarding behavior were also collected. a total of 226 of the 269 fsws (84%) were positive for the st ... | 2000 | 10699032 |
| the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis infection in rural thai women. | a cross sectional study was designed to investigate the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis among different groups of rural women in the northeast thailand. the presence of chlamydial antigens in endocervical swabs was detected by elisa. the prevalences of chlamydia trachomatis were 6.8% (31/485), 5.2% (24/466) and 6.7% (12/179) in women attending antenatal, postpartum and family planning clinics respectively. the average prevalences of c. trachomatis among hospital-based and community-based wom ... | 1999 | 10695789 |
| antigenicity of trichomonas vaginalis heat-shock proteins in human infections. | patients infected with trichomonas vaginalis mount humoral and cellular immune responses that often do not protect against reinfection. the oxidative stressors produced by leukocytes may trigger a heat-shock-like response in t. vaginalis trophozoites, helping the parasite to survive host immune defenses. the antigenicity of t. vaginalis heat-shock proteins (hsps) was examined by immunoprecipitation of t. vaginalis heat-induced proteins with sera from infected patients and controls. when t. vagin ... | 2000 | 10685842 |
| the impact of regular vaginal ph screening on the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy. | bacterial vaginosis has recently been associated with preterm labor and delivery. the purpose of our study was to determine whether regular prenatal vaginal ph testing resulted in more frequent diagnoses of bacterial vaginosis and other vaginal infections, more frequent treatment with antibiotics, and fewer preterm deliveries. we also sought to determine the sensitivity and specificity of ph testing and vaginal symptom reporting in identifying vaginal infections. | 2000 | 10678339 |
| effect of chlorhexidine on genital microflora, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and trichomonas vaginalis in vitro. | chlorhexidine is a disinfectant that has been used in skin and mouth washes and as a preservative in some vaginal lubricants. a gel containing 0.25% chlorhexidine gluconate has been found to be effective against chlamydia trachomatis in vitro and in animal models. applied vaginally, 5 g of this gel could achieve vaginal fluid concentrations of < or = 1250 microg/ml. | 2000 | 10676973 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: detection of nucleoside hydrolase activity as a potential screening procedure. | 2000 | 10673349 | |
| immunolocalization of two hydrogenosomal enzymes of trichomonas vaginalis. | three monoclonal antibodies specific for malic enzyme and for the alpha- and beta-subunits, respectively, of the succinyl-coenzyme a (coa) synthetase of trichomonas vaginalis were used to immunolocalize these proteins in the cell. all antibodies labeled the hydrogenosome matrix as determined both by immunofluorescence and by immunogold staining. there was no labeling on the cell surface or in any other cell compartment. these results support the idea that these proteins are restricted to a hydro ... | 2000 | 10669133 |
| disease prevalence in women attending the std clinic in mumbai (formerly bombay), india. | our objectives were to determine the prevalence of neisseria gonorrhoeae and its association with other std causing organisms. three hundred and thirty-six consecutive women (female sex workers (fsws) and married contacts), attending a sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic in mumbai, were screened for n. gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis and trichomonas vaginalis. per speculum examination was performed and clinical signs were recorded. symptoms perceived by the women were also recorded. the ... | 2000 | 10667900 |
| the complete cdna sequence of a type ii trichomonas vaginalis virus. | trichomonas vaginalis viruses (tvv), which may regulate p270 gene expression in the protozoan pathogen t. vaginalis, are a group of divergent double-stranded (ds) rna viruses. in the present study, the complete 4674-bp cdna sequence of a 4.6-kb ds rna from a newly identified tvv2-1 isolate was determined. the sequence of the plus-strand mrna contains four open reading frames, which encode overlapping cap and pol genes in the reading frame 2 and reading frame 1, respectively, and two putative ser ... | 2000 | 10662630 |
| resistance of trichomonas vaginalis to metronidazole: report of the first three cases from finland and optimization of in vitro susceptibility testing under various oxygen concentrations. | trichomonas vaginalis is a globally common sexually transmitted human parasite. many strains of t. vaginalis from around the world have been described to be resistant to the current drug of choice, metronidazole. however, only a few cases of metronidazole resistance have been reported from europe. the resistant strains cause prolonged infections which are difficult to treat. t. vaginalis infection also increases the risk for human immunodeficiency virus transmission. we present a practical metho ... | 2000 | 10655382 |
| [a biotype study of gardnerella vaginalis isolated from patients with and without symptoms of bacterial vaginosis]. | a simple and reproducible proposed for benito et al. scheme for identification biotypes of gardnerella vaginalis has been developed, based on reactions for lipase, hippurate, hydrolysis, and beta-galactosidase. | 1999 | 10650646 |
| epidemiologic issues of sexually transmitted diseases in sexual assault victims. | the objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic aspects of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) in victims of sexual assault and to discuss the methodological issues in determining risk of std acquisition. we performed a comprehensive review of the medical literature to determine the prevalence of stds in victims of sexual assault. a medline search and a search of bibliographies of published manuscripts was performed to discover relevant articles published in the english languag ... | 2000 | 10639679 |
| national guideline for the management of trichomonas vaginalis. clinical effectiveness group (association for genitourinary medicine and the medical society for the study of venereal diseases). | 1999 | 10616377 | |
| trichomonad invasion of the mucous layer requires adhesins, mucinases, and motility. | trichomonas vaginalis, the causal agent of trichomonosis, is a flagellated parasitic protozoan that colonises the epithelial cells of the human urogenital tract. the ability of t vaginalis to colonise this site is in part a function of its ability to circumvent a series of non-specific host defences including the mucous layer covering epithelial cells at the site of infection. mucin, the framework molecule of mucus, forms a lattice structure that serves as a formidable physical barrier to microb ... | 1999 | 10615308 |
| [prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among pregnant tunisian women and validation of a clinical algorithm proposed by who for the management of sexually transmitted diseases]. | the objectives of our study are to assess the prevalence of std agents in tunisia and to validate the who algorithm of std management. the most frequent std agents are trichomonas vaginalis and chlamydiae trachomatis, respectively with a prevalence of 5.6% and 1.7%. the assessment of the syndromic approach shows that the sensitivity and specificity of the who algorithm can be improved by the introduction of risk factors. the training of health care service providers and the use of an algorithm i ... | 1999 | 10609411 |
| a study on the potential role of trichomonas vaginalis in transmission of herpes simplex virus type ii. | some strains of trichomonas vaginalis have been reported to contain virus-like particles (vlp). whether they were natural inhabitants or acquired from the host, the emerging question will be about the potential role of this protozoan in viral transmission. the present model have been established for studying the ability of t. vaginalis to acquire herpes simplex virus type ii (hsv). green monkey kidney cells (vero cells) were infected with hcv and t. vaginalis was inoculated 3 days later. the pro ... | 1999 | 10605506 |
| the flagellated parasite trichomonas vaginalis: new insights into cytopathogenicity mechanisms. | our knowledge concerning cytopathogenicity of trichomonas vaginalis has been enriched in the past by numerous findings. in this paper, we review the latest advances in the field and discuss the different mechanisms and molecules responsible for the parasite's virulence. | 1999 | 10594979 |
| upstream regulatory sequences required for expression of the trichomonas vaginalis alpha-succinyl coa synthetase gene. | 1999 | 10593185 | |
| use of spun urine to enhance detection of trichomonas vaginalis in adolescent women. | diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis infection is traditionally performed by microscopic examination of vaginal fluid. although this technique is relatively insensitive compared with culture, it is widely used because of its lower cost and immediate results. | 1999 | 10591297 |
| [incidence and management of male urethritis in the district of tunis]. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of male urethritis and the relative frequency of the different etiological agents in order to adapt standard case management. | 1999 | 10587990 |
| resolution of six chromosomes of trichomonas vaginalis and conservation of size and number among isolates. | the electrophoretic karyotype of trichomonas vaginalis isolates was determined by contour-clamped homogeneous electric field electrophoresis. six chromosomal bands ranging between 50 kbp and 6 mbp were reliably resolved by our separation method. trichomonad chromosomes fell into 3 distinct size classes. the 3 maxichromosomes were approximately 5,700, 4,700, and 3,500 kbp. two intermediate-sized chromosomes were approximately 1,200 kbp and 1,100 kbp. a minichromosome was approximately 75 kbp. the ... | 1999 | 10577741 |
| reproductive-tract infections in women in low-income, low-prevalence situations: assessment of syndromic management in matlab, bangladesh. | in the control of reproductive-tract infections, including sexually transmitted infections (stis), in low-income and middle-income countries, who recommends syndromic management for individuals with symptoms. this intervention was initially developed in areas where prevalence of such infections is high. we investigated the clinical effectiveness and cost of this approach among a group of women with a low prevalence of infection. | 1999 | 10577639 |
| distraction index. part i: the elusive trich. | 1999 | 10572266 | |
| improved diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis infection by pcr using vaginal swabs and urine specimens compared to diagnosis by wet mount microscopy, culture, and fluorescent staining. | four vaginal cotton swab specimens were obtained from each of 804 women visiting the outpatient sexually transmitted disease clinic of the erasmus university medical center rotterdam, rotterdam, the netherlands, for validation of various forms of trichomonas vaginalis diagnostic procedures. one swab specimen was immediately examined by wet mount microscopy, a second swab was placed in kupferberg's trichosel medium for cultivation, and two swabs were placed in phosphate-buffered saline (pbs), ph ... | 1999 | 10565943 |
| an outreach programme for sexually transmitted infection screening in street sex workers using self-administered samples. | street sex workers represent an at-risk group of individuals who find it difficult to access mainstream health services. this was a cross-sectional study of street sex workers in melbourne, australia using a self-administered method to detect chlamydial, gonorrhoea and trichomonas infections. of the 81 individuals approached, 63 (78%) (95% ci: 67-86%) agreed to participate. overall, 87% of the participants obtained their results. of the 63 participants, 53 (84%) had a past history of injecting d ... | 1999 | 10563563 |
| transcription initiation at the tata-less spliced leader rna gene promoter requires at least two dna-binding proteins and a tripartite architecture that includes an initiator element. | eukaryotic transcriptional regulatory signals, defined as core and activator promoter elements, have yet to be identified in the earliest diverging group of eukaryotes, the primitive protozoans, which include the trypanosomatidae family of parasites. the divergence within this family is highlighted by the apparent absence of the "universal" transcription factor tata-binding protein. to understand gene expression in these protists, we have investigated spliced leader rna gene transcription. the r ... | 1999 | 10542223 |
| trichomonas vaginalis interactions with fibronectin and laminin. | the sexually transmitted protozoan trichomonas vaginalis cytoadheres to vaginal epithelial cells and causes contact-dependent cytotoxicity which, when combined with the normal exfoliation process, leads to erosion of the epithelium, which may allow trichomonads into extracellular matrix and basement membrane sites. therefore, the association of t. vaginalis with immobilized fibronectin (fn) and laminin (lm) on cover-slips was examined. binding of live parasites to coated cover-slips was time- an ... | 1999 | 10537205 |
| cervical shedding of cytomegalovirus in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women. | cervical shedding of cytomegalovirus (cmv) is important in transmission of cmv to exposed sexual partners and neonates. we evaluated prevalence and correlates of cmv dna shedding in cervical secretions from a large cohort of hiv-1-seropositive women. using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays, cmv dna was detected in 183 (59%) cervical swab samples from 311 women. cervical shedding of cmv dna was significantly associated with shedding of hiv-1 dna (odds ratio 1.8; 95% confidence interval 1.1-2 ... | 1999 | 10534728 |
| autopap system detection of infections and benign cellular changes: results from primary screener clinical trials. | primary screening devices for cervical cytology must show performance data for the detection of infectious organisms and benign cellular changes (bcc) for cytologists who routinely report these findings. the data on infection and bcc from the autopap primary screening clinical trials are presented herein. the presence of infectious organisms (candida, trichomonas, shift in bacterial flora, herpes, actinomyces) and bcc were noted in each of the clinical trial arms (current practice, cp; autopap-a ... | 1999 | 10527485 |
| viability of trichomonas vaginalis in transport medium. | the ability of amies gel agar transport medium to maintain the viability of trichomonas vaginalis was determined by comparing transported vaginal specimens to specimens immediately inoculated into culture medium. the prevalence of trichomonosis in the study population was 26% (68 of 260 women). the immediate inoculation method detected infections in 64 of 68 infected women (sensitivity of 94.1%). the transport method detected 62 of 68 infections (sensitivity of 91.2%). there was no significant d ... | 1999 | 10523592 |
| identification of trichomonas vaginalis alpha-actinin as the most common immunogen recognized by sera of women exposed to the parasite. | a study on presence of antibodies to trichomonis vaginalis in serum was done on a group of 500 pregnant, asymptomatic angolan women. a serologic screening, done by elisa, revealed that 41% of the women had igg and igm against the parasite. analysis of sera by immunoblotting revealed that 94.4% of sera with anti-t. vaginalis igg class antibodies were reactive against a common immunogenic protein of 115 kda. the common immunogen was identified as the protozoan alpha-actinin. all sera recognizing t ... | 1999 | 10515842 |
| synthesis and antiprotozoan properties of new 3,5-disubstituted-tetrahydro-2h-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives. | in a search for antiprotozoan compounds, 34 new 3,5-disubstituted-tetrahydro-2h-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives were synthesized and tested in vitro against trypanosoma cruzi and trichomonas vaginalis. some of them showed important antiprotozoan activity. in vivo assays of compounds which showed remarkable in vitro activity against t. vaginalis were carried out. | 1999 | 10514905 |
| a one-year survey of gonococcal infection seen in the genitourinary medicine department of a london district general hospital. | the results of a one-year clinical, epidemiological and microbiological survey of gonococcal infection presenting to the patrick clements clinic (pcc), a london district general hospital (dgh) genitourinary medicine (gum) clinic, are presented. clinical and epidemiological patient data were collected by a combination of questionnaire and retrospective case-note review. microscopy performance within the pcc, outcome of treatment, return for tests of cure and efficacy of contact tracing were asses ... | 1999 | 10492425 |
| trichomoniasis in pregnant human immunodeficiency virus-infected and human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected congolese women: prevalence, risk factors, and association with low birth weight. | we sought to assess the prevalence of and risk factors for vaginal trichomoniasis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected pregnant congolese women and its relationship to pregnancy outcomes. | 1999 | 10486480 |
| universal prophylaxis for chlamydia trachomatis and anaerobic vaginosis in women attending for suction termination of pregnancy: an audit of short-term health gains. | a previous study of infection and morbidity in 400 women attending for termination of pregnancy (top) had shown that 32 (8%) harboured cervical chlamydia trachomatis and 112 (28%) had anaerobic (bacterial) vaginosis (av). fifty-three per cent of the women with preoperative c. trachomatis had av. thirty of the 32 women with chlamydial infection were followed up and 19 (63%) of these developed post-abortion upper genital tract infection, 7 of whom needed re-admission. in view of the high morbidity ... | 1999 | 10471099 |
| keto-acid oxidoreductases in the anaerobic protozoa. | in anaerobes, decarboxylation of pyruvate is executed by the enzyme pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, which donates electrons to ferredoxin. the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase and its homologues utilise many alternative substrates in bacterial anaerobes. the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase from anaerobic protozoa, such as giardia duodenalis, trichomonas vaginalis, and entamoeba histolytica have retained this diversity in usage of alternative keto acids for energy production utilising a ... | 1999 | 10461388 |
| the trichomonas vaginalis phenotypically varying p270 immunogen is highly conserved except for numbers of repeated elements. | the prominent and phenotypically variable immunogenic protein of trichomonas vaginalis, termed p270, is present in all isolates. most, if not all, patients make antibody to the dregrd epitope contained in the 333 bp tandemly repeating element (tre). the complete sequence of p270 of a fresh clinical isolate was recently derived (musatovova and alderete, microb pathogen 1998; 24: 223-39). we hypothesized that the size polymorphisms of p270 were due to the varied number of tres that comprise a larg ... | 1999 | 10458920 |
| trichomonas vaginalis--no longer a minor std. | 1999 | 10458631 | |
| trichomonas vaginalis as a cause of urethritis in malawian men. | trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. in malawi, rates of trichomoniasis in women are high. the prevalence of t. vaginalis infection in men is expected to be high but has not previously been documented. | 1999 | 10458630 |
| [effect of pathogen-stimulated human cd4+ t cells on gamma delta t cells]. | cd4+ helper t lymphocytes and gamma delta t cells play important role in antimicrobial immunity, however, the mechanism of interactions in question still remains to be elucidated. | 1997 | 10453529 |
| cervical dysplasia and hiv type 1 infection in african pregnant women: a cross sectional study, kigali, rwanda. the pregnancy and hiv study group (ege). | to study the prevalence of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (sils) and their association with hiv-1 infection and immunodeficiency among pregnant women in kigali, rwanda. | 1999 | 10448362 |
| design of a "microbicide" for prevention of sexually transmitted diseases using "inactive" pharmaceutical excipients. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) pandemic has been driven primarily by the sexual transmission of the virus, and facilitated by prior infections with other sexually transmitted disease (std) pathogens. although treatment of these stds has been proposed as a means to decrease the rate of hiv-1 sexual transmission, preventive measures effective against both hiv-1 and other std pathogens are expected to have a larger impact. these measures include topically applied mechanical and chemical ( ... | 1999 | 10441398 |
| metronidazole-resistant vaginal trichomoniasis--an emerging problem. | 1999 | 10419394 | |
| iron modulates phenotypic variation and phosphorylation of p270 in double-stranded rna virus-infected trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis infected with a double-stranded rna virus undergoes phenotypic variation on the basis of surface versus cytoplasmic expression of the immunogenic protein p270. examination of batch cultures by flow cytofluorometry with monoclonal antibody (mab) to p270 yields both fluorescent and nonfluorescent trichomonads. greater numbers and intensity of fluorescent organisms with surface p270 reactive with mab were evident in parasites grown in medium depleted of iron. placement of iron ... | 1999 | 10417210 |
| adhesion of tritrichomonas foetus to bovine vaginal epithelial cells. | an in vitro culture system of bovine vaginal epithelial cells (bvecs) was developed to study the cytopathogenic effects of tritrichomonas foetus and the role of lipophosphoglycan (lpg)-like cell surface glycoconjugates in adhesion of parasites to host cells. exposure of bvec monolayers to t. foetus resulted in extensive damage of monolayers. host cell disruption was measured quantitatively by a trypan blue exclusion assay and by release of (3)h from [(3)h]thymidine-labeled host cells. results in ... | 1999 | 10417148 |
| investigation of a suspected outbreak of vaginal trichomoniasis among female inmates. | female inmates have high rates of sexually transmitted diseases (stds), and many incarcerated women and jail providers believe stds are acquired within the jail. we investigated a suspected outbreak of trichomoniasis among female inmates and described the epidemiology of trichomonas infection. goals of this study: to determine the likelihood of within-jail acquisition of trichomoniasis. | 1999 | 10417021 |
| pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the nitroimidazole antimicrobials. | metronidazole, the prototype nitroimidazole antimicrobial, was originally introduced to treat trichomonas vaginalis, but is now used for the treatment of anaerobic and protozoal infections. the nitroimidazoles are bactericidal through toxic metabolites which cause dna strand breakage. resistance, both clinical and microbiological, has been described only rarely. metronidazole given orally is absorbed almost completely, with bioavailability > 90% for tablets; absorption is unaffected by infection ... | 1999 | 10384859 |
| [microflora of the female genitalia and its sensitivity to antibacterial drugs]. | 1999 | 10382037 | |
| desulfovibrio desulfuricans iron hydrogenase: the structure shows unusual coordination to an active site fe binuclear center. | many microorganisms have the ability to either oxidize molecular hydrogen to generate reducing power or to produce hydrogen in order to remove low-potential electrons. these reactions are catalyzed by two unrelated enzymes: the ni-fe hydrogenases and the fe-only hydrogenases. | 1999 | 10368269 |
| delayed versus immediate bedside inoculation of culture media for diagnosis of vaginal trichomonosis. | a comparison of delayed versus immediate inoculation of culture medium for the diagnosis of trichomonosis was conducted. the sensitivities of the two methods were 100 and 97.4%, respectively. delayed inoculation of culture medium for women without evidence of trichomonosis on direct microscopic examination is a valid diagnostic procedure. | 1999 | 10364619 |
| critical analysis of eukaryotic phylogeny: a case study based on the hsp70 family. | trichomonads, together with diplomonads and microsporidia, emerge at the base of the eukaryotic tree, on the basis of the small subunit rrna phylogeny. however, phylogenies based on protein sequences such as tubulin are markedly different with these protists emerging much later. we have investigated 70 kda heat-shock protein (hsp70), which could be a reliable phylogenetic marker. in eukaryotes, hsp70s are found in cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum, and organelles (mitochondria and chloroplasts). in ... | 1999 | 10361733 |
| regiospecific synthesis of pyrido[3,4-b]- and pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole-5,11-dione derivatives. evaluation of their in vitro antifungal or antiprotozoological activities. | hetero diels-alder reactions between 2- or 3-bromocarbazolequinones 1a or 1b and azadiene 5 afford regiospecifically pyrido[3,4-b]- and pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole-3,5,11-triones 6a and 6b. the regiochemistry of the cycloadditions is controlled by the position of the bromine atom at c-2 or c-3 of the bromoquinone. the corresponding n- and o-methyl derivatives 7 and 8 are prepared. structural assignment of the regioisomers is made by 1h-nmr nuclear overhauser effect difference experiments performed on ... | 1999 | 10361697 |
| urticaria from trichomonas vaginalis infection. | we report the case of a 32-year-old woman who had pruritic urticarial skin lesions associated with episodes of arthralgia. the first site affected by the eruption was the inside surface of the thighs; the patient also reported the presence of leukorrhea. the woman had previously been treated with h1 antagonist with moderate and transitory results; skin lesions reappeared just after the interruption of the treatment. her biochemical data showed increased levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ... | 1999 | 10353101 |
| antibiotics: treatment of preterm labor. | our intention is to review recent data and provide recommendations for the use of antibiotics in cases of preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of the membranes (pprom). various studies assessing antibiotics as treatment for preterm labor demonstrate neonatal or maternal benefits only in certain circumstances. antibiotic treatment should be given to patients with bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas vaginalis. currently, antibiotics should not be applied routinely to prolong pregnancy in wom ... | 1999 | 10343932 |
| complement-mediated regulation of trichomonas vaginalis infection in mice. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan which causes trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted disease of the human genitourinary tract. the importance of the alternative complement pathway in host defence against t. vaginalis was investigated in vitro. kinetic studies utilising immunofixation following electrophoresis showed that both a strongly and weakly virulent strain of t. vaginalis activated murine serum c3. in vivo studies with congenic-resistant, c5-deficient, b10.d2/osn- and c5-s ... | 1999 | 10343161 |
| trichomonas vaginalis possesses a gene encoding the essential spliceosomal component, prp8. | 1999 | 10340492 | |
| convergent evolution of trichomonas vaginalis lactate dehydrogenase from malate dehydrogenase. | lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) is present in the amitochondriate parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis and some but not all other trichomonad species. the derived amino acid sequence of t. vaginalis ldh (tvldh) was found to be more closely related to the cytosolic malate dehydrogenase (mdh) of the same species than to any other ldh. a key difference between the two t. vaginalis sequences was that arg91 of mdh, known to be important in coordinating the c-4 carboxyl of oxalacetate/malate, was repla ... | 1999 | 10339579 |
| [pathogen spectrum of urethritis in the man]. | 545 male patients with a tentative diagnosis "urethritis" were examined between november 1984 and december 1994 in the department of dermatology and venerology of the military hospital in ulm. the patients, aged from 18 to 58 years (mean age 24.1 years), were examined according to a standardized diagnostic procedure: smear preparations from the urethra with subsequent gram staining, bacterial cultures for aerobic bacteria, neisseria gonorrhoeae (cultures and phadebact gonococcus test), mycoplasm ... | 1999 | 10231688 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of ureido and thioureido derivatives of 2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucose and related aminoalcohols as n-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase inhibitors. | ureido and thioureido derivatives of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-d-glucose, 1-amino-1-deoxy-d-glucitol and 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol were prepared as n-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase (nahase) inhibitors and were evaluated on trichomonas vaginalis nahase. although none showed complete inhibition of the enzyme at 100 microm, 1-amino-1-deoxy-d-glucitol derivatives acted as competitive inhibitors of the nahase of t. vaginalis. | 1998 | 10230037 |
| primary structure and phylogenetic relationships of a malate dehydrogenase gene from giardia lamblia. | the lactate and malate dehydrogenases comprise a complex protein superfamily with multiple enzyme homologues found in eubacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes. in this study we describe the sequence and phylogenetic relationships of a malate dehydrogenase (mdh) gene from the amitochondriate diplomonad protist, giardia lamblia. parsimony, distance, and maximum-likelihood analyses of the mdh protein family solidly position g. lamblia mdh within a eukaryote cytosolic mdh clade, to the exclusion o ... | 1999 | 10229579 |
| predictors and risk-taking consequences of drug use among hiv-infected women. | to determine rates of drug use among women with hiv, and to examine associations between drug use, health, risk behavior, and sexually transmitted diseases (std). | 1999 | 10225234 |
| trichomonads, hydrogenosomes and drug resistance. | trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus are sexually transmitted pathogens of the genito-urinary tract of humans and cattle, respectively. these organisms are amitochondrial anaerobes possessing hydrogenosomes, double membrane-bound organelles involved in catabolic processes extending glycolysis. the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate in hydrogenosomes is coupled to atp synthesis and linked to ferredoxin-mediated electron transport. this pathway is responsible for metabolic activation ... | 1999 | 10221623 |
| flagellar duplication and migration during the trichomonas vaginalis cell cycle. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan, a representative of 1 of the earliest known eukaryotic lineages. trichomonas vaginalis lacks centrioles but possesses basal bodies. we report here the cell cycle-dependent flagellar dynamics of t. vaginalis. by immunofluorescence, we found that t. vaginalis flagella duplicated during s-phase, segregated toward the nuclear poles, and then emanated from the spindle poles at mitosis. this behavior strongly parallels that of centrioles and other spin ... | 1999 | 10219296 |
| influence of growth conditions on rna levels in relation to activity of core metabolic enzymes in the parasitic protists trypanosoma brucei and trichomonas vaginalis. | levels of mrnas encoding metabolic enzymes and their cellular activities were measured on continuous culture samples of the parasitic protists trypanosoma brucei and trichomonas vaginalis. the organisms were grown in chemostats at varying growth rates under glucose limitation or in the presence of excess glucose (eg), resulting in extensive adaptation of the cellular activities of glycolytic enzymes. rrna and mrna for beta-tubulin were monitored as controls. in trypanosoma brucei levels of all r ... | 1999 | 10217510 |
| the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis: new advances. | 1999 | 10215137 | |
| diagnostic tests that are worthwhile for patients with sexually transmitted bacterial infections in industrialized countries. | 1999 | 10215121 | |
| urethral trichomonas vaginalis infection and hiv-1 transmission. | the authors' previous study of 504 male workers in mombasa, kenya, provides further documentation of an association between urethral infection and increased shedding of hiv in semen. in this study, trichomonas vaginalis was isolated by culture in 30 men (6%) and was the most commonly isolated urethral pathogen. men with trichomonas vaginalis were significantly older than those with neisseria gonorrhoeae, suggesting infection may be of long duration. 83% of men with unmixed infections were asy ... | 1997 | 10213555 |
| prevalence and incidence of gynecologic disorders among women infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | our purpose was to ascertain the prevalence, incidence, and predictors of gynecologic disorders among women infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | 1999 | 10203650 |
| increased interleukin-10 in the the endocervical secretions of women with non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases: a mechanism for enhanced hiv-1 transmission? | although non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases (std) and bacterial vaginosis are implicated as cofactors in heterosexual hiv-1 transmission, the mechanisms have not been defined. recent in vitro data suggest that interleukin (il)-10 may increase susceptibility of macrophages to hiv-1 infection. therefore, we performed this study to assess whether non-ulcerative std are associated with detection of il-10 in the female genital tract. | 1999 | 10199222 |
| diagnosis of trichomoniasis by polymerase chain reaction. | the clinical usefulness of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis was evaluated in comparison with other conventional tests. pcr was used for specific detection of trichomonas vaginalis by primers based on the repetitive sequence cloned from t. vaginalis (tv-e650). between june 1996 and august 1997, 426 patients visited the department of obstetrics and gynecology, hanyang university kuri hospital and were examined for trichomoniasis using wet mount examination, papan ... | 1999 | 10198607 |
| comparative sequence analysis of 5.8s rrna genes and internal transcribed spacer (its) regions of trichomonadid protozoa. | the taxonomic situation in the genus tritrichomonas is the subject of controversial discussion: potentially t. foetus and t. suis, the tritrichomonads from cattle and swine, respectively, could belong to the same species. in order to shed some light on this question, a molecular biological analysis was performed. the 5.8s rrna gene and the flanking internal transcribed spacer regions (its1 and its2) of 12 different isolates of 3 tritrichomonas species t. foetus, t. suis and t. mobilensis were en ... | 1997 | 10190167 |
| trichomoniasis: its clinical significance and diagnostic challenges. | trichomoniasis is a significant std worldwide. clinical studies have demonstrated that trichomoniasis may have serious side effects both in pregnancy and in a predisposition to retrovirus infection. therefore it is important that clinicians request the most accurate diagnostic test available. this is mandated by the significant percentage of both male and female patients that may be asymptomatic. numerous clinical studies have indicated that the most sensitive test for t. vaginalis is with cultu ... | 1994 | 10163483 |
| syndromic management of sexually transmitted diseases. part 2--the management of genital discharge. | in men urethral discharge is commonly caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis. both organisms cause an acute anterior urethritis and infected men usually present with symptoms of urethritis. a proportion of men with urethral infection may remain asymptomatic. amongst women the common cause of vaginal discharge is vaginitis caused by trichomonas vaginalis, candida albicans and anaerobic bacterial infection (bacterial vaginosis). however, cervicitis caused by n. gonorrhoeae and c ... | 1998 | 10101431 |
| alternative 2-keto acid oxidoreductase activities in trichomonas vaginalis. | we have induced high levels of resistance to metronidazole (1 mm or 170 microg ml(-1)) in two different strains of trichomonas vaginalis (bris/92/stdl/f1623 and bris/92/stdl/b7708) and have used one strain to identify two alternative t. vaginalis 2-keto acid oxidoreductases (kor) both of which are distinct from the already characterised pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (pfor). unlike the characterised pfor which is severely down-regulated in metronidazole-resistant parasites, both of the alter ... | 1999 | 10080389 |
| nmr spectroscopic studies of the hydrogenosomal [2fe-2s] ferredoxin from trichomonas vaginalis: hyperfine-shifted 1h resonances. | the hyperfine-shifted 1h nmr resonances of oxidized and reduced trichomonas vaginalis ferredoxin, a functionally unique [2fe-2s] ferredoxin, have been studied. the oxidized protein spectrum displayed a pattern of six broad upfield-shifted resonances between 13 and 40 ppm with chemical shifts distinct from those of other [2fe-2s] ferredoxins. all hyperfine 1h resonances of the oxidized ferredoxin displayed anti-curie temperature dependences. reduced t. vaginalis ferredoxin displayed hyperfine res ... | 1998 | 10065531 |
| unrecognized sexually transmitted infections in rural south african women: a hidden epidemic. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) are of major public health concern in developing countries, not least because they facilitate transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the present article presents estimates of the prevalence, on any given day, of stis among women in rural south africa and the proportion who are asymptomatic, symptomatic but not seeking care, and symptomatic and seeking care. the following data sources from hlabisa district were used: clinical surveillance for st ... | 1999 | 10063657 |
| activity of disulfiram (bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)disulphide) and ditiocarb (diethyldithiocarbamate) against metronidazole-sensitive and -resistant trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus. | clinical resistance of trichomonas vaginalis to metronidazole is best correlated with mic values measured under aerobic conditions. under these conditions both disulfiram (bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)disulphide), and its first mammalian metabolite, ditiocarb (diethyldithiocarbamate), showed high levels of activity against metronidazole-sensitive (disulfiram mic, 0.1-0.7 microm; ditiocarb mic, 0.3-9 microm) and -resistant (mics 0.2-1.3 microm and 1.2-9 microm respectively) isolates. tritrichomonas f ... | 1998 | 10052908 |
| a new photometric assay with bromocresol purple for testing in vitro antitrichomonal activity in aerobic environment. | a new colorimetric assay relying on the acidic metabolism of trichomonas vaginalis was developed for in vitro screening of various compounds against axenically grown trichomonads. parasites from continuous culture were exposed to series of drug dilutions in a microtiter plate. after an incubation period of 48 h at 37 degrees c, the ph indicator of the medium had changed its colour in non-inhibited cultures due to the production of lactate and acetate. inhibited cultures showed no colour changes. ... | 1999 | 10028380 |
| an evaluation of elongation factor 1 alpha as a phylogenetic marker for eukaryotes. | elongation factor 1 alpha (ef-1 alpha) is a highly conserved ubiquitous protein involved in translation that has been suggested to have desirable properties for phylogenetic inference. to examine the utility of ef-1 alpha as a phylogenetic marker for eukaryotes, we studied three properties of ef-1 alpha trees: congruency with other phyogenetic markers, the impact of species sampling, and the degree of substitutional saturation occurring between taxa. our analyses indicate that the ef-1 alpha tre ... | 1999 | 10028289 |
| nongonococcal urethritis--a new paradigm. | urethritis in men has been categorized historically as gonococcal or nongonococcal (ngu). the major pathogens causing ngu are chlamydia trachomatis and ureaplasma urealyticum. trichomonas vaginalis may be involved occasionally. in up to one-half of cases, an etiologic organism may not be identified. in this review we present recent advances in the diagnosis and management of ngu and discuss how they may be applied in a variety of clinical settings, including specialized std clinics and primary h ... | 1999 | 10028111 |
| screening for sexually transmitted diseases in rural south african women. | this paper reports on a study undertaken in a rural area of south africa, to develop a non-laboratory tool to screen for sexually transmitted diseases (stds) among family planning clients. | 1998 | 10023366 |
| risk scores to detect cervical infections in urban antenatal clinic attenders in mwanza, tanzania. | detection and management of gonococcal and/or chlamydial infections in women is a challenge, particularly in developing countries where laboratory tests are not always available. the world health organisation (who) has developed a risk assessment approach to identify cervical infections among women complaining of vaginal discharge. we have evaluated this approach as a screening strategy among women attending an urban antenatal clinic (anc) in tanzania. | 1998 | 10023365 |
| evaluation of sexually transmitted diseases diagnostic algorithms among family planning clients in dar es salaam, tanzania. | to determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) and to assess the validity of std screening approaches among family planning clients in dar es salaam, tanzania. | 1998 | 10023364 |
| validation of a who algorithm with risk assessment for the clinical management of vaginal discharge in mwanza, tanzania. | (i) to determine the microbial aetiologies of vaginal discharge in std clinic and antenatal clinic (anc) attenders; (ii) to evaluate the performance and costs of a new who algorithm for the detection of gonococcal and chlamydial infections in women complaining of vaginal discharge and/or genital itching, using a risk assessment. | 1998 | 10023356 |
| analysis of a ubiquitous promoter element in a primitive eukaryote: early evolution of the initiator element. | typical metazoan core promoter elements, such as tata boxes and inr motifs, have yet to be identified in early-evolving eukaryotes, underscoring the extensive divergence of these organisms. towards the identification of core promoters in protists, we have studied transcription of protein-encoding genes in one of the earliest-diverging lineages of eukaryota, that represented by the parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis. a highly conserved element, comprised of a motif similar to a metazoan init ... | 1999 | 10022924 |
| performance of the autopap primary screening system at jefferson university hospital. | to evaluate the performance of the autopap system for primary screening of cervical/vaginal cytologic smears at the 25% no review rate at jefferson university hospital. | 1999 | 9987446 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: signs, tests and treatment. | 1998 | 9934153 | |
| [the incidence of microbial and fungal species associated with trichomonas vaginalis infection]. | 1998 | 9932007 | |
| [survey of sexually transmitted diseases in the region of rio cuarto]. | sexually transmitted diseases (std) are acquired mainly through sexual intercourse, being one of the most frequent groups of infectious diseases worldwide and consequently an important public health problem. the aim of this paper was to determine the current state of std and to compare different diagnostic methods in the population studied. a total of 1060 samples from vaginal flows, endocervical material and urethral discharge were studied during 3 years. of the total samples, 583 were positive ... | 1998 | 9922478 |
| subsequent sexually transmitted infections among adolescent women with genital infection due to chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, or trichomonas vaginalis. | to identify factors associated with subsequent sexually transmitted infection (sti) (within 1 year of initial infection) due to chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae or trichomonas vaginalis. | 1999 | 9918320 |