Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| cloning, characterization and taxonomic significance of genes for the 5s ribosomal rna of leptonema illini strain 3055. | the genes encoding the 5s ribosomal rna (rrna) for leptonema illini strain 3055 were isolated and sequenced. the 5s rna molecule encoded was 117 nucleotides long. the genome of strain 3055 contained two genes for 5s rrna that were located close together. the nucleotide sequences of the leptonema illini genes exhibited less similarity to the rrna gene of leptospira interrogans strain moulton and also to those of typical eubacterial genes than did the rrna genes of other leptospires. however, the ... | 1991 | 1720165 |
| serological studies on leptospira strain ictero no. i using monoclonal antibodies. | in order to elucidate the full serological characteristics of strain ictero no. i, the first strain of leptospira isolated by inada and ido in 1914, 17 monoclonal antibodies against the strain were produced by cell fusion technology. the antibody-producing hybridomas were designated imas 1 to 17. the reactivities of the monoclonal antibodies produced by the hybridomas were determined by the microscopic agglutination test. one of the 17 monoclonal antibodies, ima 1, reacted with strains ictero no ... | 1991 | 1714535 |
| [study on the production, identification of serogroup-specific monoclonal antibodies against leptospires of australis serogroup and detection of its antigen]. | spleen cells of balb/c mice immunized with whole leptospira interrogans serogroup australis serovar australis strain 620 were fused with myeloma cells line sp2/0. specificities of four mcabs determined by mat. 2e1 mcab (igg3) reacted with 11 serovars, of the australis serogroup, but did not react with 22 representative serovars of l. interrogans in 20 serogroups, l. biflexa strain patoc i and leptonema illini strain 3055. 2e1 mcab showed serogroup specificity for australis by agglutination and t ... | 1990 | 1709413 |
| macrophage activation by leptospiral lipopolysaccharide. | leptospiral lipopolysaccharides (lpss) extracted from leptospira interrogans serovars copenhageni and hebdomadis were tested for the ability to induce macrophage activation. in-vitro analysis showed that each leptospiral lps was a potent activator to macrophages. after stimulation with the lpss, interleukin-1 (il-1) secretion, interferon (ifn) production and chemiluminescence (cl) response were induced. intravenous high-dose injection of the leptospiral lpss induced various lesions such as necro ... | 1990 | 1698063 |
| the use of immunodeficient male (cba/n x balb/c) f1 mice to produce monoclonal antibodies directed to proteins of leptospira interrogans rather than to immunodominant lipopolysaccharides. | a method, using an immunodeficient mouse strain, for the production of monoclonal antibodies directed exclusively against the proteins in an antigen mixture also containing immunodominant lps, is described. male (cba/n x balb/c) f1 mice were immunized with an outer envelope antigen mixture from leptospira interrogans strain wijnberg containing both lipopolysaccharides and proteins. the immune response in these mice was shown to be predominantly directed against protein antigens. hybridoma cell l ... | 1990 | 1694817 |
| prevalence of antibodies to five selected zoonosis agents in monkeys. | the prevalence of antibodies against 5 zoonosis agents was determined in serum samples of 443 breeding monkeys. of the monkeys, 296 were bred or kept for a long time at r institute, and the remaining 147 were newly imported from the philippines and kept at s institute for quarantine. antibodies to simian virus 40 were highly prevalent at 89.1% among monkeys of r institute, whereas no antibody could be detected in those of s institute. antibodies to chlamydia psittaci and yersinia pseudotuberculo ... | 1991 | 1657210 |
| physical map of chromosomal and plasmid dna comprising the genome of leptospira interrogans. | the size and physical structure of the leptospira interrogans genome was characterized using contour-clamped homogenous electric field (chef) gel electrophoresis. the l. interrogans genome is approximately 4750 kb in size and is composed of two molecular species of dna: a 4400 kb chromosome; and a 350 kb plasmid, plin1. a physical map of the chromosome was constructed with the restriction enzymes noti and sfii. a physical map of plin1 was constructed with apai, noti, sse83871, sgrai, and smai. b ... | 1991 | 1656379 |
| serologic survey for selected microbial pathogens in bison from kansas. | a serologic survey was conducted on an american bison (bison bison) herd in kansas for antibodies against brucella spp., leptospira interrogans serovar canicola, pomona, grippotyphosa, icterohaemorrhagiae, and hardjo, anaplasma spp., bluetongue virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus. there was an increase in prevalence of bluetongue antibodies from 38% in 1987 to 100% in 1989 in animals greater than or equal to 24-mo-old. prevalences of antibodies against ... | 1991 | 1656107 |
| prevalence of pseudorabies virus infection and associated infections in six large swine herds in illinois. | sera were collected from 6 large farrow-to-finish swine herds infected with pseudorabies virus (prv) in illinois. all herds were participating in the large herd cleanup study, a usda-initiated project to evaluate the feasibility of eradicating pseudorabies from large farms (greater than 400 sows) by use of a combination of vaccination and management changes. herd size ranged between 425 and 1,500 breeding females. between april and july 1990, sera for measurement of prv antibodies were obtained ... | 1991 | 1651912 |
| nucleotide sequence of a repetitive element isolated from leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo type hardjo-bovis. | a repetitive element from the genome of leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo type hardjo-bovis ('l. hardjo-bovis') was identified, cloned and sequenced. similar sequences were shown by hybridization to be encoded by a further eight of 32 other leptospiral serovars tested. an undefined number of repetitive elements were located in the l. hardjo-bovis genome; sequence degeneracy of the elements was observed and no significant open reading frames were identified within the at-rich (60%) 1467 bp re ... | 1991 | 1650813 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis as a taxonomic tool in the study of pig isolates belonging to the australis serogroup of leptospira interrogans. | restriction endonuclease analysis was performed on dnas from the type strains of the australis serogroup of leptospira interrogans by using 20 restriction enzymes, and the electrophoretic patterns obtained were compared with patterns obtained from 162 australis serogroup isolates from pigs. it proved to be a quick and reliable method for typing such strains. all of the pig isolates were identified as either serovar bratislava or muenchen. it also showed differences at the subserovar level which ... | 1991 | 1647408 |
| genetic diversity among australian and new zealand isolates of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. | restriction endonuclease analysis of 16 australian and 4 new zealand isolates of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona showed that they could be divided into 3 genetic groups. most of the isolates closely resembled the serovar kennewicki reference strain, and they all differed from the reference strain of serovar pomona. based on these findings, it is suggested that vaccine manufacturers re-evaluate their choice of serovar pomona vaccine strain. | 1992 | 1632725 |
| biochemical analysis by sds-page and western blotting of the antigenic relationship between leptospira and equine ocular tissues. | the antigenic relationship between leptospira interrogans, equine cornea and lens was previously noted in our studies. serum antibodies from horses inoculated with serovars wolffi, pomona, icterohaemorrhagiae, and tarassovi, were able to bind to five antigenic fractions from both cornea and lens, as demonstrated by immunoblotting. these antigens seem to be made up of protein and carbohydrates. after treatment with periodate for cleavage of glycoside ring structures, those fractions kept their co ... | 1992 | 1632080 |
| serological evidence for the presence of leptospira interrogans serovar bratislava in australian pigs. | 1992 | 1627090 | |
| leptospira serology in small ruminants on st. croix, u.s. virgin islands. | a serological survey of 16 serovars of leptospira interrogans, previously reported in tropical small ruminants, was undertaken to determine the serovars involved and the prevalence of these antibodies in sheep and goats on st. croix, u. s. virgin islands (usvi). seven of eight goat herds (108 animals) had at least two seropositive animals in each herd with an individual animal seroprevalence of 26%. the 53 sheep tested (one flock only) showed a 32% seroprevalence. antibodies against seven serova ... | 1992 | 1626866 |
| characterization of the periplasmic flagellum proteins of leptospira interrogans. | the structure and composition of periplasmic flagella (pf) from leptospira interrogans serovar pomona type kennewicki were characterized. electron microscopic observations showed that leptospiral pf were complex structures composed of an 11.3-nm-diameter core surrounded by two sheath layers with 21.5- and 42-nm diameters. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of isolated pf showed the presence of seven different proteins ranging in mass from 31.5 to 36 kda. rabbit polyclonal and mouse monoclonal a ... | 1992 | 1624463 |
| isolation of leptospira interrogans from kidneys of zimbabwe beef cattle. | four hundred and eighty bovine kidneys were collected from an abattoir near harare between december 1987 and november 1988, and leptospires were recovered from 50 (10.4 per cent) of them. the isolates were identified to serogroup level by the microscopic agglutination test; 32 belonged to serogroup sejroe, seven were pyogenes, four hebdomadis, two tarassovi, and one isolate each belonged to serogroups australis, bataviae, grippotyphosa, icterohaemorrhagiae and pomona. | 1992 | 1621343 |
| serodiagnosis of leptospirosis in pigs using an axial filament enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the axial filament (af) from leptospira interrogans serovar canicola was isolated by cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation of 2% sarcosyl treated whole cells. isolation of af was confirmed by electron microscopic examination, by protein-a immunogold labelling, sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), and immunoblotting. analysis by sds-page of the purified preparation showed relatively weak bands of molecular size 41 kda and 21 kda, and strong bands of 35 ... | 1992 | 1615635 |
| isolation and biological activities of endotoxin from leptospira interrogans. | endotoxins extracted with ethylenediaminetetraacetate (edta) from leptospira interrogans serovars icterohaemorrhagiae and canicola and leptospira biflexa serovar patoc were tested for various biological activities characteristic of endotoxins. the presence of lipopolysaccharide biological activity was demonstrated by the limulus amoebocyte lysate test, pyrogenicity in rabbits, complement interaction inhibiting the erythrocyte lysis, and chicken-embryo lethality. the lipopolysaccharides did not i ... | 1992 | 1611553 |
| occurrence of severe leptospirosis in a breeding colony of squirrel monkeys. | although experimental leptospirosis has been studied in various species of monkeys, the occurrence of acute leptospirosis in a population of nonhuman primates is uncommon. we report on a number of severe cases of icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis that appeared in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) colony of 109 animals at the institute pasteur in french guiana. initially, 11 animals had acute illness, with jaundice and a hemorrhagic syndrome, leading to 10 deaths. two leptospira interrogans st ... | 1992 | 1599047 |
| cross-reactive proteins of borrelia burgdorferi. | the specificity of serological tests for lyme borreliosis is impaired by cross-reacting antibodies. in order to select antigens for more specific tests, specific and cross-reactive proteins of borrelia burgdorferi must be identified. therefore, to analyze cross reactions of borrelia burgdorferi with other bacteria, rabbit immune sera against heterologous bacteria (borrelia hermsii, treponema pallidum, treponema phagedenis, leptospira interrogans (serogroup grippotyphosa), neisseria meningitidis, ... | 1992 | 1597198 |
| repetitive sequences cloned from leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo genotype hardjoprajitno and their application to serovar identification. | we selected, from a genomic library of leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo genotype hardjoprajitno, two probes containing repetitive sequences (pl1 and pl590). the hybridization patterns of these probes to dna isolated from a variety of leptospira serovars were examined and their ability to detect subtle differences at the genomic organization level was established. we identified the dna fragments within pl1 and pl590 which are sufficient to yield polymorphic hybridization patterns; these resu ... | 1992 | 1583126 |
| identification of the tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete borrelia hermsii by using a species-specific monoclonal antibody. | borrelia hermsii causes a relapsing fever in humans and is one of several species of tick-borne spirochetes known to occur in the western united states. spirochetes observed in the peripheral blood of patients acutely ill have been presumptively identified in the past by the geographic location of exposure and the probable species of tick vector. we describe a monoclonal antibody (h9826) that bound to the flagellar protein of b. hermsii but not to those of any of the other species tested, which ... | 1992 | 1572965 |
| isolation of leptospira interrogans serovars bratislava and hardjo from swine at slaughter. | 1992 | 1554777 | |
| analysis of leptospira spp., leptonema illini, and rickettsia rickettsii for the 39-kilodalton antigen (p39) of borrelia burgdorferi. | five serovars of leptospira interrogans, leptospira biflexa, leptonema illini, and rickettsia rickettsii were examined and found not to contain the 39-kda antigen (p39) of borrelia burgdorferi, the lyme disease spirochete. the specificity of this antigen and its reactivity with human lyme disease sera should exclude the possibility of false-positive serum samples from patients having had either leptospirosis or rocky mountain spotted fever, as well as tick-borne relapsing fever and syphilis, as ... | 1992 | 1551994 |
| leptospirosis in the seychelles. | to ascertain the incidence of leptospirosis in the seychelles, identify its sources, review diagnostic features and assess complications. | 1992 | 1545718 |
| canine leptospirosis. a retrospective study of 17 cases. | seventeen dogs were diagnosed with leptospirosis on the basis of clinical findings, laboratory abnormalities, and serology. this article summarizes and characterizes the historical and physical findings, laboratory data, serology, treatment, and outcome of these dogs. all of the dogs had serologic evidence of infection with interrogans serovars pomona and grippotyphosa. these findings are compared with previous reports of canine infection with leptospira interrogans serovars icteroaemorrhagiae a ... | 1992 | 1522555 |
| the isolation and identification of leptospira interrogans serovar bratislava from a pig in germany. | during a study on the improvement of selective media for the isolation of leptospires from clinical material, leptospires were isolated from the kidneys of a pig. test material was cultured in emjh-medium containing 0.4% rabbit serum and 3 inhibitory substances (rifampicin 10 micrograms/ml, amphotericin b 2 micrograms/ml, 5-fluorouracil 100 micrograms/ml). the cultured leptospira-strain (berlin 406) was identified to serogroup level using the cross agglutination method and it was further typed t ... | 1992 | 1519413 |
| prevalence and serovars of leptospira involved in equine abortions in central kentucky during the 1990 foaling season. | a study to determine the prevalence of leptospira-induced abortions in the central kentucky equine population during the 1990 foaling season and to determine the leptospira serovars responsible was conducted. from july 1, 1989 through june 30, 1990, 32 (4.4%) of 726 submissions (fetuses, stillborn foals, and/or placentas) were diagnosed as leptospirosis by the fluorescent antibody test and/or microscopic agglutination test. attempts were made to isolate leptospires from the fetal tissues and/or ... | 1992 | 1515489 |
| immunodominant antigens recognized by the human immune response to infection by organisms of the species leptospira interrogans serogroup australis. | serum samples from patients infected by organisms of leptospira interrogans serogroup australis were tested by western blot to determine the nature of major antigens that are involved in the immune response. although there was some patient-to-patient variability, immunodominant genus-specific antigens were found to be proteins of apparent molecular ratio 68, 46 and 35-kda, and lipopolysaccharide (lps) sub-units in the 35-14-kda region. serogroup epitopes specific for australis were exclusively s ... | 1992 | 1515158 |
| prevalence of antibody titers to leptospira spp. in minnesota white-tailed deer. | serum samples (n = 204) from 124 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in northeastern minnesota (usa) were collected from 1984 through 1989 and tested for antibodies to six serovars of leptospira interrogans (bratislava, canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohemorrhagiae, and pomona) using a microtiter agglutination test. eighty-eight (43%) sera were positive at greater than or equal to 1:100 for antibodies against serovars pomona and/or bratislava; none was positive for any of the other ... | 1992 | 1512878 |
| [infection with leptospira interrogans, serovar mozdok, in cattle]. | in east germany the same serovar, leptospira mozdok, of the pomona serogroup is found in cattle as well as in swine populations (zieris 1989). nowadays cases of bovine leptospirosis caused by infection with l. pomona have no significance. there are marked epizoological differences between infection with l. mozdok and l. pomona. the main source of infection with l. mozdok for cattle is the black striped field mouse (apodemus agrarius). secondary homonomous transmission occurs among the cattle. th ... | 1992 | 1509476 |
| comparative analysis of lipopolysaccharide and lipid antigens of leptospira interrogans serovars. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) or glycolipid antigens of leptospira interrogans have been candidates as serogroup or serotype specific antigen. in this study, therefore, we prepared the lps and lipid antigens from l. interrogans serovars lai, icterohaemorrhagiae, copenhageni, canicola, pomona, grippotyphosa, and a korean isolate 30r. the lps antigens were analyzed by a polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and lipid antigens by thin-layer chromatography, respectively. the seroreactivity of the antigens w ... | 1992 | 1502827 |
| antigens involved in the human antibody response to natural infections with leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni. | serum samples from patients with leptospirosis were screened by the microscopic agglutination test (mat), elisa and by immunoblotting. the latter two tests were performed with l. interrogans serovar copenhageni isolated from human blood culture. immunoblotting with patients' sera revealed antibodies recognizing several leptospiral components in the molecular weight range 14.5-105 kda of both igm and igg response. all patients' serum samples presented igm antibodies reacting with a diffuse band o ... | 1992 | 1495119 |
| the chemiluminescent detection of leptospiral antigen. | the aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using enhanced chemiluminescence for the rapid detection of leptospiral antigen (l. interrogans serovar hardjo) in biological fluids, and to assess the suitability of such an assay for the early diagnosis of human leptospiral infections. the limit of detection for homologous antigen in phosphate buffered saline was 9 x 10(4) leptospires/ml. in human blood the sensitivity remained unchanged throughout the sampling time, (1.8 x 10(5) lept ... | 1992 | 1486231 |
| diseases, parasites and survival of coyotes in south-central georgia. | serologic testing, radio-telemetry and post-mortem diagnostic evaluations were used to investigate survival and causes of mortality among 17 coyotes (canis latrans) in south-central georgia (usa). prevalence of canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) microfilariae was lower (p = 0.057) among fall-captured (22%) than among winter-captured (75%) coyotes. prevalence of heartworm was higher among adults than juveniles in the fall, but no significant difference was detected between animals captured in ... | 1992 | 1474655 |
| immunoblotting study of the antigenic relationships among eight serogroups of leptospira. | seven strains of leptospira interrogans belonging to seven different serogroups, and one strain of leptospira biflexa were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) with gradient gels and immunoblotting with hyperimmune rabbit sera raised against each strain. the molecular masses of the proteins were calculated with a polynomial regression model. the sds-page patterns of the l. interrogans strains were similar and characterized by 24 common bands. this prof ... | 1992 | 1455625 |
| duration of urinary excretion of leptospires by cattle naturally or experimentally infected with leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. | the excretion of leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo in the urine of cattle was studied in naturally and experimentally infected animals. five of 15 naturally infected animals with microscopic agglutination test titres of > or = 1:300 shed leptospires for between 28 and 40 weeks. twenty yearling heifers, experimentally infected by either the supraconjunctival or intrauterine routes, shed leptospires for from eight to 60 weeks; the 10 infected via the uterus shed l interrogans serovar hardjo fo ... | 1992 | 1455593 |
| [investigation of microbicidal activity of neutrophil defensins against leptospires]. | defensins play an important role in oxygen-independent microbicidal mechanisms of neutrophils. they are effective against many bacteria, fungi and enveloped viruses. however, the effect of defensins upon leptospires has not been studied. in the present report, human defensins (i.e. hnp, a mixture of hnp1, hnp2 and hnp3 were prepared from human polymorphonuclear neutrophils by chromatography on sephadex g-100 and then on biogel p-10. rabbit defensin np1 was purified from rabbit peritoneal granulo ... | 1992 | 1452139 |
| scattering of the rrna genes on the physical map of the circular chromosome of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. | leptospira interrogans is a pathogenic bacterium with a low g+c content (34 to 39%). the restriction enzymes noti, asci, and srfi cut the chromosome of l. interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae into 13, 3, and 5 fragments separable by one- and two-dimensional pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the genome is composed of a circular 4.6-mbp chromosome and a 0.35-mbp extrachromosomal element. a physical map of the chromosome was constructed for noti, asci, and srfi by using single and double ... | 1992 | 1447129 |
| c3 fixed in vivo to cornea from horses inoculated with leptospira interrogans. | c3 was detected bound in vivo to the opaque cornea of horses inoculated with killed leptospira interrogans. employing epithelial corneal cells isolated from a monolayer in tissue culture, we proved that c3 is fixed in vitro to the intact cell surface after incubation with a fresh equine anti-leptospira serum. these findings, in addition to the infiltration of cornea with neutrophils and lymphocytes, may explain the mechanisms of tissue damage in recurrent uveitis of horses with leptospirosis. | 1992 | 1441226 |
| experimental infection of pregnant gilts with leptospira interrogans serovar mozdok. | three pregnant gilts were experimentally infected with leptospires of the serovar mozdok, isolated from an aborted pig fetus from a portuguese pig farm with abortion problems. all the gilts aborted dead or dying piglets on days 105 or 106 of pregnancy. serovar mozdok was isolated from 12 of the 22 piglets in the three litters. histological examination of the livers and kidneys of the gilts at the end of the experiment revealed evidence of disease, and leptospires were isolated from their kidneys ... | 1992 | 1441176 |
| renal dysfunction associated with infection of leptospira interrogans in a horse. | renal failure associated with infection of leptospira interrogans was detected in a horse. fever, leukocytosis, pyuria, isosthenuria, and azotemia were suggestive of an inflammatory urinary tract disease. despite persistent pyuria, no bacteria were found during routine microscopic examinations or bacteriologic culturing of urine. a fluorescent antibody examination of the urine was positive for l interrogans. serologic testing during a 6-month period, supported an acute infection with l interroga ... | 1992 | 1429185 |
| polymerase chain reaction for detection of leptospira spp. in clinical samples. | a sensitive assay for leptospira spp., the causative agent of leptospirosis, was developed on the basis of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). a 331-bp sequence from the leptospira interrogans serovar canicola rrs (16s) gene was amplified, and the pcr products were analyzed by dna-dna hybridization by using a 289-bp fragment internal to the amplified dna. specific pcr products also were obtained with dna from the closely related nonpathogenic leptospira biflexa but not with dna from other spiro ... | 1992 | 1400983 |
| [homology study of leptospires by molecular hybridization]. | nick translation and random primer labelling method were applied to prepare three genomic dna probes from leptospira interrogans strain 017, leptospira biflexa strain patoc i and leptonema illini strain 3055, and then hybridized with dna of 17 strains leptospires from different genus, species, serogroup and serovar. the results showed no homology between leptospira and leptonema, and only a low degree of homology between l. interrogans and l. biflexa but it showed a high degree of homology among ... | 1992 | 1398616 |
| comparison of flanking regions of the 5s ribosomal ribonucleic acid genes in leptospira biflexa and leptospira interrogans. | one of the genes encoding the 5s ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rrna) for the leptospira biflexa strain patoc i was isolated and sequenced. the physical maps of the 5s rrna genes in leptospira were constructed. the strains of leptospira biflexa had two genes on their chromosome; these two 5s rrna genes were located several kb apart and sequences flanking these genes were divergent. in contrast to saprophytic leptospires, maps in parasitic leptospires that had only one gene for 5s rrna on their geno ... | 1992 | 1376643 |
| specific immunofluorescent staining of pathogenic treponemes with a monoclonal antibody. | two hybrid cell lines which produced mouse monoclonal antibody to the dal-1 street strain of treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum were established. these monoclonal antibodies strongly reacted with t. pallidum subsp. pallidum (nichols strain, dal-1, and two other street strains, strains mn-1 and mn-3) and t. pallidum subsp. pertenue by indirect microimmunofluorescent antibody and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques, but they did not react with normal rabbit testicular tissue. these monocl ... | 1992 | 1374079 |
| detection of leptospiraceae by amplification of 16s ribosomal dna. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed to detect leptospiraceae. primers were used to amplify 1 631 base-pair (bp) 5'-region of 16s rdna. representative strains from the species, leptospira interrogans sensu stricto, l. borgpetersenii, l. noguchii, l. santarosai, l. weilii, l. inadai, l. meyeri and the single member strain of leptonema were amplified. in contrast, strains representing the saprophytic species. l. biflexa, l. wolbachii and l. parva were not amplified. there was no pcr p ... | 1992 | 1372872 |
| biotinylated probes to detect leptospira interrogans on dot blot hybridization or by in situ hybridization. | total genomic biotinylated probes which can identify leptospires by hybridization on filters or by in situ hybridization are described in this study. according to the weak g + c content of the strains studied (35-39%) and owing to the decreasing melting temperature (tm) due to overbiotinylation, hybridization and wash temperatures were optimized at 33 degrees c and at 42 degrees c respectively. fourteen serovars of leptospira interrogans belonging to 11 different serogroups and three serovars of ... | 1991 | 1367181 |
| genome structure of spirochetes. | the genome structures of several pathogenic spirochetes have recently been determined. the genomes of borrelia species consist of a linear chromosome of approximately one million base pairs (mb) and various linear and circular plasmids. analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms and 16s ribosomal rna sequence data indicate the division of borrelia burgdorferi into at least three distinct genetic groups. leptospira interrogans has a circular chromosome 5 mb in size and a 0.35 mb extrac ... | 1992 | 1362002 |
| cloning of dapd, arod and asd of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, and nucleotide sequence of the asd gene. | metabolites such as diaminopimelate and some aromatic derivatives, not synthesized in mammalian cells, are essential for growth of bacteria. as a first step towards the design of a new human live vaccine that uses attenuated strains of leptospira interrogans, the asd, arod and dapd genes, encoding aspartate beta-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, 3-dehydroquinase and tetrahydrodipicolinate n-succinyltransferase, respectively, were cloned by complementation of escherichia coli mutants. the complete nucl ... | 1992 | 1348268 |
| [the identification of leptospira strains of different origins]. | leptospirosis is at present an ever-increasing problem in human and animal health. by means of the korthof medium, 43 leptospira strains were isolated from samples of human blood, water and soil. for their identification the microagglutination technique was used. the strains corresponded to the species leptospira biflexa and leptospira interrogans. | 1992 | 1344685 |
| chemical and biological properties of endotoxin from leptospira interrogans serovars canicola and icterohaemorrhagiae. | 1. endotoxin-like activity was extracted with phenol-chloroform-petroleum either (pcp) from leptospira interrogans serovars icterohaemorrhagiae and canicola. chemical analysis of leptospiral cells obtained from the pcp extract indicated the following distribution of lipopolysaccharide (lps), protein and polysaccharide in mg/ml: 3.0, 4.5 and 1.0 for icterohaemorrhagiae and 3.3, 5.6 and 1.5 for canicola. 2. the preparations presented several biological activities: positive limulus test (1.0 pg/ml) ... | 1992 | 1342222 |
| [the serovars of leptospira interrogans isolated from cases of human leptospirosis in são paulo, brazil]. | eighteen strains of l. interrogans isolated from human cases were serotyped by the agglutinin-absorption test at instituto adolfo lutz in são paulo, brazil. fourteen were identified as serovar copenhageni (icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup), 2 as canicola (canicola serogroup), 1 as castellonis (ballum serogroup) and 1 as pomona serogroup (serovar not yet defined). the frequency of serovar copenhageni in 100% of the isolates in icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup is emphasized and more studies to verify th ... | 1992 | 1342073 |
| muskrats as carriers of pathogenic leptospires in the netherlands. | leptospires were isolated from 24 of 327 (7%) muskrats (ondatra zibethicus) caught in the netherlands. all isolates were identified as leptospira interrogans. one isolate was typed as serovar copenhageni in the icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup, one as serovar lora in the australis serogroup. twenty-one isolates showed a close relationship with serovars grippotyphosa, valbuzzi, muelleri and ratnapura from the grippotyphosa serogroup. one isolate was lost. sera from 196 muskrats were examined by the ... | 1992 | 1315497 |
| assay for measuring relative potency of leptospiral bacterins containing serovar pomona. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for the quantitation of leptospiral antigen in bacterins containing leptospira interrogans serovar pomona type kennewicki. a monoclonal antibody (mab), 2d7, which is directed against a surface antigen on whole cells of l. interrogans serovar pomona type kennewicki, was used in the assay. the capture of antigen in bacterins by a polyclonal antiserum was followed by the addition of the 2d7 ascites fluid, an anti-mouse conjugate and substra ... | 1992 | 1305402 |
| [marking and detection of dna of leptospires in the dot-blot and situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labelled probes]. | dna of leptospira interrogans sv. lai strain 017 was labelled with digoxigenin or alpha 32p or biotin and used as probes to detect dna of leptospires. probes labelled with digoxigenin were able to detect 0.1-1 pg of homologous dna and 10(2) of l. interrogans sv. lai strain 017. probes alpha 32p and biotin detected 1 pg and 10 pg of homologous dna and 10(3), 5 x 10(3) of l. interrogans sv. lai strain 017 respectively. these three probes couldn't detect l. biflexa sv. patoc strain patoc i, l. illi ... | 1992 | 1304535 |
| [the immunochemical and biological properties of leptospira membranes]. | the immunochemical and biological properties of purified membrane fractions obtained from leptospira interrogans, serovar copenhageni, strain rat 2, and leptospira biflexa, strain patoc 1, were studied. the presence of genus-specific and group-specific antigens in leptospiral membranes was established by the methods of immunodiffusion analysis, the microagglutination (ma) and lysis tests. in animal experiments cell membrane preparations produced no toxic and allergic effects. leptospiral membran ... | 1992 | 1301663 |
| [detection of leptospiral dna in the serum of 175 patients with early leptospirosis by polymerase chain reaction]. | we have developed a sensitive assay for leptospira, using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). on the basis of the published nucleotides sequence of 23s rrna gene from leptospira interrogans serovar canicola strain moulton, primers were chosen to produce an amplified fragment of 123 bp. primer a: 5'gat cta att cgc tgt agc agg3' and primer b: 5'act ttc acc ctc tat ggt cgg3' eight different svs. of leptospira interrogans could all be detected by pcr, but the dnas from l. biflexa. leptonema bacteri ... | 1992 | 1298712 |
| [the detection and analysis of leptospiral dna in patients' serum of early leptospirosis by polymerase chain reaction and dna hybridization with digoxigenin-amppd]. | we have detected and analysed the leptospiral dna in serum of patients with early leptospirosis from the epidemic area of china by pcr and dna hybridization with digoxigenin (dig)-3-(2'-spiroadamantane)-4-methoxy-4-(3"-phosphoryloxy)- phenyl-1,2-dioxetane (amppd) to develop a sensitive, specific and reliable technique for the early diagnosis of leptospirosis, and full satisfactory results have obtained. fourteen serum specimens from patients with leptospirosis proven by blood culture and serolog ... | 1992 | 1298711 |
| growth, survival, antigenic stability, and virulence of leptospira interrogans serotype canicola. | leptospira interrogans serotype canicola (strain nadl a-13) grew from inocula as small as two cells in liquid polysorbate 80 medium (p-80 medium, in p-60, p-40 and p-20 media, and in p-80 medium from which polysorbate, nh4c1 or thiamine had been omitted. it grew well initially in vitamin b12-deleted p-80 medium, but only with inocula as large as 26 x 10(4) cells per ml. p-80 medium lacking both polysorbate and nh4cl supported light growth from small inocula, but the omission of thiamine and vita ... | 1976 | 1263246 |
| immunity to leptospirosis: renal changes in vaccinated cattle given challenge inoculum. | resistance to renal leptospirosis was demonstrated in cattle vaccinated with leptospira interrogans serotype pomona bacterin. fewer vaccinated cattle given challenge inoculum of virulent serotype pomona leptospires 12 months after vaccination had kidneys with gross focal lesions in the cortex than did nonvaccinated controls. histopathologic changes characteristically associated with renal leptospirosis occurred less frequently and renal tissue damage was less severe in vaccinated cattle than in ... | 1976 | 1247204 |
| immunoglobulins in cattle vaccinated with leptospiral bacterins. | the growth-inhibition test was used to detect specific antibodies against leptospira interrogans serotype hardjo in isolated immunoglobulin (igg and igm) fractions of serums from cattle vaccinated with leptospiral bacterins. the growth-inhibiting antibodies were detected mainly in the igg class. agglutinated clumps also occurred with the igm fraction. the serums collected from cattle 4 months after vaccination were negative in the microscopic agglutination test. | 1975 | 1200444 |
| leptospirosis in selected wild mammals of the florida panhandle and southwestern georgia. | a group of 144 wild mammals, including white-tailed deer, cottontail rabbits, fox squirrels, gray squirrels, raccoons, opossums, a bobcat, and various small rodents was examined for cultural or serologic evidence of leptospiral infection. leptospires were isolated from 1 of 25 rabbits, 1 of 27 fox squirrels, 1 of 26 gray squirrels, 4 of 18 mice and rats, 8 of 21 raccoons, 7 of 17 opossums, and a bobcat. isolations were not made from 6 deer examined. serotypes isolated were leptospira interrogans ... | 1975 | 1176352 |
| isolation and chemical characterization of outer envelope of leptospira pomona. | cells of leptospira interrogans serotype pomona harvested from a chemically defined medium were resuspended in 0.01 m phosphate buffer of ph 7.3. electron microscopy showed that 90 min of exposure effectively ruptured the outer envelope, freeing it from the cells as small flakes. both zonal centrifugation in sucrose gradients and centrifugation in isopycnic kbr and cscl gradients could be used to separate the outer envelope from the axial filaments and protoplasmic cylinders. the latter metho ... | 1975 | 1148944 |
| immunity to leptospirosis: leptospira interrogans serotype pomona bacterins in cattle. | immunity to renal leptospirosis was demonstrated in cattle vaccinated with leptospira interrogans serotype pomona. vaccinated cattle, challenge inoculated with virulent l interrogans serotype pomona organisms 12 months after vaccination, were resistant to renal infection; similarly inoculated, but nonvaccinated, cattle were susceptible to renal infection. relationship was demonstrated between immunity induced in vaccinated cattle and that induced in hamsters vaccinated with a dilution of the sam ... | 1975 | 1115419 |
| leptospira interrogans serovar tarassovi in new zealand. | 1976 | 1069932 | |
| leptospira interrogans serovar balcanica from a possum. | 1976 | 1068389 | |
| leptospira interrogans serotype pomona infection and leptospiruria in vaccinated pigs. | 1976 | 1063950 | |
| letter: serological evidence for infection of sheep with leptospira interrogans serotype hardjo. | 1975 | 1058382 | |
| immunological and morphological analysis of sodium dodecyl sulfate extract of leptospira. | sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) extract of leptospira interrogans serotype icterohaemorrhagiae strain shibaura was fractionated by rate zonal centrifugation in sucrose density gradient, and the fractions were analysed immunologically and morphologically. two main peaks of antigenic activities were obtained. the first peak showed activities of strong indirect hemagglutination (iha), weak complement fixation (cf), and low production of agglutinin in mice, and produced 5 precipitin lines in immunodiff ... | 1976 | 1015021 |
| immunising potency of leptospira interrogans serotype canicola after heat inactivation at different temperatures. | the immunogenicity of leptospira interrogans serotype canicola suspensions inactivated by various degrees of heat exposure was examined in hamsters. no differences between leptospires killed at 50 degrees c and at 98 degrees c were shown. after exposure to 121 degrees c, suspensions retained their ability to protect against lethal infections but lost their ability to prevent leptospiruria. tests with vaccines inactivated at or below 98 degrees c showed that the doses required for complete protec ... | 1976 | 1003455 |
| some leptospira agglutinins detected in domestic animals in british columbia. | during a period of six years 7,555 bovine sera, 421 canine sera, 251 porcine sera and 135 equine sera were tested for agglutinins to leptospira interrogans serotypes canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohemorrhagiae, pomona and sejroe. the bovine sera reacted predominantly with hardjo and/or sejroe at a rate of 15% compared to 3.5% with pomona. breeding or abortion problems were associated with pomona but not with sejroe/hardjo agglutinins. the canine sera reacted to canicola (9.9%y and ictero ... | 1976 | 1000389 |
| [review of the incidence of antibodies to various serological groups of the species leptospira interrogans in a number of farm animals in the netherlands (author's transl)]. | report on the results of serological studies on the species leptospira interrogans in cattle (19,607), swine (6,348), dogs (182) and horses (88) from the netherlands during the period from 1969 to 1974. living cultures of the serotypes of pomona, icterohaemorrhagiae, canicola, guidae (tarassovi serological group), grippotyphosa and sejroe were used as antigen in the micro-agglutination test. the numerical findings showed that antibodies to serotypes of the species leptospira interrogans were pre ... | 1976 | 986091 |
| susceptibility of mice treated with cyclophosphamide to lethal infection with leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. | mice not normally susceptible to infection with leptospira interrogans serovar pomona were rendered susceptible to lethal infections by treatment with a single dose of 300 mg of cyclophosphamide (cy) per kg administered optimally from 4 days before to 1 day after infection. cy-treated mice with either passively or actively acquired antibody were protected from death. blood levels of leptospires in infected untreated and in cy-treated mice remained similar until 2 days after infection, when untre ... | 1976 | 965093 |
| the route of entry of leptospires into the kidney tubule. | to study the migration of leptospira interrogans serotype pomona through the kidney, conventionally-reared mice aged 2 or 3 weeks were infected intraperitoneally with this organism. within the first 4 days, the organisms migrated from the capillary lumina to the interstitial tissue and provoked an interstitial oedema. by the 10th day they were seen between the epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules and by the 14th day many were located within tubular lumina. there was no evidence of ... | 1976 | 933147 |
| growth, virulence, and immunogenicity of leptospira interrogans serotype szwajizak. | leptospira interrogans serotype szwajizak was characterized by (1) its growth in polysorbate 80-bovine albumin medium, (2) its virulence and course of infection in laboratory animals, and (3) its immunogenicity. growth of this organism was continuous and vigorous at 29 c and 37 c in liquid medium for 10 serial subcultures. some specific lots of agar were superior to other agars if tested for the ability to support the growth of small inoculums. individual colonies resulted from growth of small i ... | 1977 | 921038 |
| leptospira interrogans serotype hardjo outbreak in a victorian dairy herd and associated infection in man. | leptospirosis associated with probable l. hardjo infection was investigated in a dairy herd in a coastal district of western victoria. thirty-six of 110 cows suffered leptospiruria and mastitis characterised by flaccid udders and abnormal milk. one of two media used enabled the isolation of the organism from infected guinea pigs inoculated with fresh urine. microscopic agglutination titres to l. hardjo were elevated during the outbreak. there was an associated human infection. | 1977 | 901323 |
| immunochemistry of extracts from leptospira interrogans serotype hardjo. | antigens from leptospira interrogans serotype hardjo grown in modified korthof's medium were obtained by ethanol and alkaline extraction procedures and their chemical and serological properties were compared. the protein to polysaccharide ratio in the ethanol extract was 1:1-8 and in the alkali extract was 1-7:1. the lipid content of the latter was twice that of the former (8-5%, w/w). there was an inverse relationship of the protein and carbohydrate contents of the two preparations, the total r ... | 1977 | 894262 |
| hazards of disease transfer from marine mammals to land mammals: review and recent findings. | in a 5-year study (1972-1977) of microbial agents isolated from both clinically normal and diseased marine mammals, it was shown that certain disease agents are widespread in a diversity of ocean populations and that some are also transmissible to a number of terrestrial mammal species. leptospira interrogans serovar pomona has been isolated repeatedly from 2 species of pinnipeds (zalophus californianus califonianus and callorhinus ursinus). some of the more important bacterial pathogens for lan ... | 1978 | 738931 |
| 'viscotaxis', a new behavioural response of leptospira interrogans (biflexa) strain b16. | when in a non-viscous environment and confronted with a viscous one, leptospira interrogans (biflexa) strain b16 preferentially selected the latter. we have designated this positive response to a viscosity gradient as 'viscotaxis'. using an originally designed experimental chamber, a pool of leptospires were faced with capillary tubes containing either polyvinylpyrrolidone (pvp) or n-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-n'-2-ethanesulphonic acid (hepes). leptospires suspended in hepes responded positively t ... | 1978 | 731206 |
| enzymatic degradation of h2o2 by leptospira. | the enzymes responsible for reducing h2o2 were surveyed in 49 strains of leptospira by using semiquantitative assays for catalase and peroxidase. the survey revealed a differential distribution of catalase and peroxidase activities between the two leptospiral complexes. the pathogenic leptospira interrogans strains gave strong catalase and weak or negative peroxidase reactions. conversely, the nonpathogenic leptospira biflexa strains gave strong peroxidase and negative or weak catalase reactions ... | 1978 | 730380 |
| the serologic and cultural prevalence of leptospira interrogans serovar balcanica in possums (trichosurus vulpecula) in new zealand. | in a serologic and cultural survey of 127 brush-tailed possums (trichosurus vulpecula) occupying pasture land in new zealand, leptospires of the hebdomadis serogroup were obtained from 48 (38%) of the animals sampled. eight isolates were identified by cross-absorption agglutin ation studies as being leptospira interrogans serovar balcanica. there was a marked age difference in prevalence with 41 positive cultures from 64 mature adults (64%) and no recoveries being made from juveniles. isolation ... | 1978 | 691129 |
| studies of antigenic variants of leptospira isolated from experimentally infected mice. | antigenic variants were isolated from mice inoculated with a virulent strain of leptospira interrogans serotype copenhageni by cultivating the kidney cortex in the liquid or the solidified serum media containing the immune serum against the parent strain. the variants, which were isolated from the mice from 7 to 113 days after infection, were found to be antigenically different from the parent by the agglutinin-absorption test, precipitin-absorption test in gel and guinea pig protection test. th ... | 1978 | 664984 |
| leptospirosis in colombia: isolation of leptospira spp. from the kidneys of brown rats (rattus norvegicus) trapped on infected piggeries. | leptospira interrogans serotypes pomona and icterohaemorrhagiae were isolated from the kidneys of rattus norvegicus trapped on pomona infected piggeries. the isolation of pomona from one of 111 cultured kidneys, although of interest, strongly suggests that this rat does not play an important part in the epidemiology of infection by this serotype. kidney tubular degeneration, focal mononuclear infiltrations and fibroplasia are morphological traces which remain after an attack of leptospirosis. th ... | 1978 | 664013 |
| experimental infection of calves with leptospira interrogans serotype szwajizak. | this is a report on the experimental infection of cattle with leptospira interrogans serotype szwajizak. the principal clinical features in three 4-week-old holstein-friesian heifers intravenously inoculated were fever, listlessness, anorexia, weakness, and diarrhea. szwajizak was isolated from the blood for the first 5 to 8 days after inoculation. leptospires were recovered from kidneys, but not from liver, spleen, brain, or urine. two of the 3 calves produced homologous agglutinins, with maxim ... | 1978 | 637400 |
| pathogenesis of experimental leptospira interrogans, serovar bataviae, infection in the dog: microbiological, clinical, hematologic, and biochemical studies. | 1978 | 637394 | |
| leptospirosis in zoo workers associated with bears. | leptospirosis due to leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae was diagnosed in two zoo animal keepers. the implicated source of infection was bear cubs that had microscopic agglutination antibody titers to leptospires of the icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup. | 1978 | 626276 |
| isolation of leptospira interrogans, serotype balcanica from a brush-tailed opossum (trichosurus vulpecula) | 1977 | 612328 | |
| leptospira interrogans serotype pomona in saskatchewan: isolation from a naturally infected striped skunk. | leptospira interrogans serotype pomona was isolated from the kidneys of a normal striped skunk (mephitis mephitis hudsonicus) collected near kindersley, saskatchewan. although there were no gross lesions, small foci of chronic interstitial nephritis were observed microscopically. this is the first reported isolation of serotype pomona for the prairie provinces. | 1977 | 597790 |
| leptospirosis in new england. | although rarely reported in humans in new england, leptospirosis is enzootic in western and central massachusetts. recently there were three cases of leptospira interrogans, serotype var pomona, in easthampton, mass. our study and others indicate a potential for waterborne epidemics in humans. | 1977 | 578899 |
| use of hamster antisera in the preliminary differentiation of leptospira interrogans servars hardjo and balcanica. | preliminary differentiation of leptospira interrogans serovars hardjo and balcanica can be made with antisera that are collected from hamsters after experimental infection with serovar hardjo and selected for high homologous and low or nil heterologous titres, as measured by the microscopic agglutination test. rabbit antisera against serovars hardjo and balcanica, cattle antisera against hardjo and sheep antisera against the serogroup hebdomadis each agglutinated hardjo and balcanica to a simila ... | 1978 | 567250 |
| experimental infection of calves and sheep with leptospira interrogans serovar balcanica. | two of four calves inoculated with leptospira interrogans serovar balcanica developed low microscopic agglutinating (ma) titres to serovar hardjo. a third calf had an ma titre of 1:1024 by day 19 post-inoculation (pi). transient leptospiruria was recorded in one calf on days 12 and 13 pi. an in-contact calf did not seroconvert. none of the calves had fever or other clinical signs of disease. four ewes inoculated with balcanica developed ma titres to hardjo by day 13 pi, and a transient leptospir ... | 1979 | 548016 |
| lethal infections caused by leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo in immunosuppressed hamsters. | 1979 | 539944 | |
| experimental infections of brush-tailed possums, common wombats and water rats with leptospira interrogans serovars balcanica and hardjo. | of 12 brush-tailed possums (trichosurus vulpecula) inoculated with leptospira interrogans serovar balcanica 11 developed migroagglutination (ma) antibody to jardjo antigen by 14 days postincubation (pi). leptospiruria was observed in 2 possums 117 to 145 days pi. of 6 possums inoculated with serovar hardjo 4 developed low short-lived titres by day 18 pi. two of 3 wombats (vombatus ursinus) inoculated with balcanica had high ma titres (greater than or equal to 1:128) by day 16 pi and leptospiruri ... | 1979 | 533478 |
| plate assay for detection of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona hemolysin. | a plate assay which utilizes the addition of a blood agar overlay for detection of hemolysin by colonies of leptospira interrogans serovar pomona is described. | 1979 | 528687 |
| experimentally induced leptospirosis in coyotes (canis latrans). | infection of coyotes (canis latrans) with leptospira interrogans serovars pomona, canicola, and copenhageni was accomplished by percutaneous inoculation. bacteriologic, serologic, histopathologic, and fluorescent antibody techniques were used to investigate the infections. leptospiremia was established with pomona. leptospiruria was demonstrated with the three serovars. serovar canicola was recovered from one coyote 134 days after it was inoculated. | 1979 | 525917 |
| experimentally induced leptospira interrogans serovar autumnalis infections in young swine. | leptospira interrogans serovar autumnalis strain 621 was proven to be infective for swine by intranasal and ocular inoculation and by contact exposure. the course of the disease was that of a chronic asymptomatic infection. throughout the experiment, leptospires were observed in all tissues examined by darkfield microscopy of 10% tissue suspensions and examination by indirect fluorescent antibody technique of frozen tissue sections. infected pigs had increasing antibody titers, as determined by ... | 1979 | 525853 |
| serologic survey for leptospirosis in coyotes in northcentral kansas. | during 1975 to 1977, serum samples were collected from 101 adult coyotes (canis latrans) captured in northcentral kansas. ten samples were seropositive by microagglutination testing and six of those samples were seropositive for multiple serovars. titers for leptospira interrogans serovars grippotyphosa, pyrogenes, djasiman, butembo, and pomona were demonstrated. | 1979 | 521368 |
| survey of leptospiral agglutinins in the sera of swine of southeastern alabama. | the occurrence of leptospirosis in swine of southeastern alabama was determined. a total of 627 sera were tested, using the microscopic agglutination method, with live antigens of 12 serovars. of the sera tested, 121 (19.3%) had a titer of 1:100 or greater to the serovars employed. the percentage distribution of sera with titers of greater than or equal to 1:100 among serovars most commonly reported was as follows: leptospira interrogans serovars pomona, 3.8%; icterohaemorrhagiae, 3.3%; canicola ... | 1979 | 507487 |