Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| the biotyping of escherichia coli isolated from healthy farm animals. | a total of 2973 escherichia coli, isolated from six different groups of animals, were examined for their ability to ferment adonitol, dulcitol, raffinose, rhamnose and sorbose in solid media. twenty-nine fermentation patterns were recorded although 2443 (82%) of the e. coli belonged to seven of the 32 possible biotypes. ninety-six o-serotypes were identified within the 2973 e. coli. the number of o-serotypes represented in the 15 most common biotypes ranged from three to 15. serotypes o8 and o9 ... | 1982 | 7045219 |
| glutaredoxin from calf thymus. purification to homogeneity. | the protein glutaredoxin, required for gsh-dependent ribonucleotide reduction, has been purified to homogeneity from calf thymus. the preparative method consisted of ammonium sulfate precipitation and three chromatography steps on deae-cellulose, sephadex g-50, and cm-sepharose. calf thymus glutaredoxin was assayed on the basis of its inherent gsh-disulfide transhydrogenase activity. glutaredoxin, purified 3000-fold was demonstrated to be homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and hig ... | 1982 | 7045093 |
| inhibition of k99 antigen synthesis by l-alanine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | the effect of various culture media on k99 antigen production by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains of bovine origin was investigated by slide agglutination tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and in vitro attachment to intestinal villi. a-alanine at concentrations higher than 0.7 g 1(-1) was responsible for the inhibition of k99 synthesis observed on media rich in amino acids. the increased inhibitory activity of l-alanine in glucose-rich media after autoclaving suggested the format ... | 1982 | 7042906 |
| plasma zinc and iron concentrations as measurements for evaluating the influence of endotoxin-neutralizing agents in escherichia coli endotoxin-induced mastitis. | the influence of bacterial lipopolysaccharides on plasma zn and fe concentrations and the endotoxin-neutralizing capacity of polymyxin b was studied in 3 dairy cows. also, the feasibility of using plasma zn and fe concentrations as measurements for evaluating the influence of endotoxin-neutralizing agents in escherichia coli endotoxin-induced mastitis was studied. a positive relationship was ascertained between the dose of endotoxin given intramammarily (imm) and the effect on mean values of pla ... | 1982 | 7041717 |
| inhibition of dna polymerase by captan. | captan inhibits dna polymerases of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic sources. when polymerases were employed in assays with various nucleotides as template-primer, no specificity in the base sequence of polynucleotide was required for inhibition. sucrose gradient centrifugation and preincubation studies showed the inhibition was caused by an irreversible alteration of the polymerase. captan and dna compete for the same site on the polymerase, thus dna can serve a protective role in the elimination ... | 1982 | 7039680 |
| production and evaluation of antibody to the heat-stable enterotoxin from a human strain of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin was coupled to bovine serum albumin by a carbodiimide reagent. antibody to the conjugate was produced by immunization of rabbits. data from radioimmunoassay and infant mouse tests indicate the presence of antibody to the enterotoxin. the antisera can be used in a radioimmunoassay to measure enterotoxin in various fluids. | 1981 | 7039508 |
| assay of penetrability of bovine papillary duct implanted with escherichia coli endotoxin. | a method has been developed to assay the relative penetrability to a solute of the papillary duct (streak canal) of the bovine teat. escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (1.0 microgram in 2.5 microliter of sterile distilled water) was implanted at a depth of 3 mm from the distal end (papillary orifice) of the papillary duct. if penetration by the irritant occurred after any one of 5 successive daily implantations, the inflammatory response of the mammary gland was detected by a precipit ... | 1981 | 7039434 |
| somatic and capsular factors of coliforms which affect resistance to bovine serum bactericidal activity. | killing of bacteria which cause acute coliform mastitis was studied in vitro, using serum without exogenous complement. using 10% freshly collected whole serum, it was found that some strains were killed rapidly and could be classified as serum sensitive and others were killed less rapidly and could be classified as intermediate serum sensitive. with other strains, fewer were killed, and then the survivors multiplied; these could be classified as serum resistant. a 50-percentage kill of serum-re ... | 1981 | 7039431 |
| bovine mastitis: antimicrobial resistance patterns. | resistance to 15 antimicrobials was determined for klebsiella spp, escherichia coli, and staphylococcus aureus in 302, 370, and 344 samples. respectively, from cases of bovine mastitis, the degree of association of resistance for all 2-way combinations of antimicrobials was calculated for each organism. significantly high and low associations were reported. an association greater than 1 indicated an increased probability of resistance to the 2nd antimicrobial of a 2-way combination, whereas an a ... | 1982 | 7037719 |
| role of lymphatic vessels in bacterial clearance from early soft-tissue infection. | a popular concept regarding the pathophysiologic characteristics of infection is that early bacterial clearance from tissue is an important host defense mechanism. staphylococcus aureus, s epidermidis, escherichia coli, enterococcus, and klebsiella pneumoniae were radiolabeled with tritiated thymidine and injected subcutaneously into rabbit ears. negligible clearance occurred at five hours, and less than 30% of injected bacteria cleared in 24 hours. lymphatic function measured by clearance with ... | 1982 | 7034674 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantitation of immunoglobulin g bound to escherichia coli. | two strains of escherichia coli were opsonized by incubation in heat-inactivated bovine blood serum and in whey. the opsonized bacteria were then immobilized by complexing with anti-bovine antibodies previously coated to walls of polystyrene tubes. the amount of bovine immunoglobulin (ig) g in the immobilized complex was then determined by a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using peroxidase as enzyme. thus, a direct measurement of one class of opsonic substances on the surface of the or ... | 1981 | 7034599 |
| intramolecular coupling of active sites in the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complexes from bacterial and mammalian sources. | a simple method was developed for assessing the intramolecular coupling of active sites in the lipoate acetyltransferase (e2) component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complexes from escherichia coli, bacillus stearothermophilus and ox heart and pig heart mitochondria. samples of enzyme complex were prepared in which the pyruvate decarboxylase (e1) component was selectively and partly inhibited by treatment with increasing amounts of a transition-state analogue, thiamin thio-thiazolone ... | 1981 | 7032507 |
| [pathomorphology of gastroenteritis in newborn calves]. | the morphologic changes were studied in the parenchymal and digestive organs of a total of 39 calves with gastroenteritis from which pathogenic escherichia coli organisms were isolated. a correlation was established between the age of calves and the forms of gastroenteritis manifestation. in 1 to 3-day-old calves 63.6 per cent of the cases presented histologic changes of enteritis, and 36.3 per cent presented the septic form of the disease, while in 4 to 7 day-old calves these forms were present ... | 1981 | 7032052 |
| factors influencing the outcome of escherichia coli mastitis in the dairy cow. | eight dairy cows at various stages of lactation were infected in a single mammary quarter with approximately 5 x 10(2) colony-forming units of serum-resistant escherichia coli. the severity of the mastitis which followed depended on the speed at which neutrophils were mobilised in the gland and the opsonic activity of the whey within the gland. newly calved cows tended to be refractory to the presence of irritants in the udder and hence were slow to mobilise defence mechanisms following infectio ... | 1981 | 7031811 |
| [ca antibodies (enterobacteriaceae common antigen) in the sera of domestic animals]. | using the indirect hemagglutination test, antibodies against enterobacteriaceae common antigen (ca) were tested in the sera of 123 horses, 142 cows, 108 sheep, 142 mature pigs and 60 piglets (3-4 weeks of age). anti ca antibody level and antibody titers for somatic antigens (phenol-water extracts) various serogroups of e. coli (0149, 0138, 0115, 078, 09) and s. typhimurium were compared. ca antibodies in titer equal or higher than 1:15 were found to occur in 100% of the examined horses and cows, ... | 1981 | 7029490 |
| antagonistic reactions of the moulds from cattle-feeds in relation of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, pathogenic to cattle. | 1981 | 7024798 | |
| the association of the o18, k1 and h7 antigens and the co1v plasmid of a strain of escherichia coli with its virulence and immunogenicity. | from an o18ac:k1:h7 colv+ strain of escherichia coli (designated mw) that had caused meningitis in a human baby, mutant forms were isolated that lacked different combinations of its o, k and h antigens and its colv plasmid. these characters were also transmitted by conjugation to e. coli k12 and the virulence, immunogenicity and other properties of the different forms of both strains were studied. all the forms of the mw strain that lacked either the o18 or k1 antigens or the colv plasmid, but n ... | 1980 | 7021764 |
| development of a radioimmunoassay for escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin: comparison with the suckling mouse bioassay. | escherichia coli strains which produce heat-stable enterotoxin (st) are usually identified by demonstrating the production of st. at present, st can be detected only by bioassay methods. recently, we purified e. coli st, which enabled us to develop a radioimmunoassay for st. radioiodination of st was performed by the lactoperoxidase method, which resulted in a high specific activity and retained the biological activity of st. anti-st antisera were raised in goats by injecting the goats with pure ... | 1981 | 7021423 |
| experimental intramammary infection of the dairy cow with escherichia coli during the nonlactating period. | the nonlactating mammary gland was experimentally inoculated with escherichia coli. during the first half of the nonlactating period, 32% of 34 inoculated glands were temporarily infected. all intramammary infections were eradicated by the cow without therapy and no signs of mastitis were observed. during the 30 days before parturition occurred, 88% of 42 inoculated glands in the cows became infected. twenty-three intramammary infections were eradicated by the cow and infection in 14 glands pers ... | 1981 | 7020495 |
| a survey of antibiotic resistance of escherichia coli isolated from farm animals in great britain from 1971 to 1977. | a total of 94,827 escherichia coli strains isolated from cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry during the years 1971 to 1977 were tested for resistance to six antibiotics using a disc diffusion technique. the percentage of strains resistant to chloramphenicol (10 microgram), streptomycin (10 microgram), tetracycline (10 microgram), neomycin (10 microgram) and furazolidone (15) were 16.8, 53.9, 42.7, 18 and 10.9 per cent, respectively; 52.2 per cent of strains (1971 and 1972) were resistant to 2 microg ... | 1981 | 7020230 |
| the efficacy of teat dips of differing persistence on teat skin in preventing intramammary infection by streptococcus uberis and escherichia coli in dry cows. | 1980 | 7016251 | |
| the isolation of antibiotic resistant coliforms from meat and sewage. | beef and pig carcases, meat products, frozen chickens, and sewage were examined in 3 separate surveys for antibiotic resistant coliforms. escherichia coli was isolated from 18 of 50 beef carcases; the numbers were low and resistance was found only to tetracycline. e. coli was isolated from 45 to 50 pig carcases; the numbers were high and showed a range of patterns of multiple antibiotic resistance. in meat products, the proportion of e. coli in contaminating organisms was low, and most resistanc ... | 1981 | 7016108 |
| [enteropathogenicity of e. coli strains isolated from calves]. | by applying the technique of ligated intestinal segments, comparative studies were carried out on the enteropathogenic character of e. coli eliminated from calves. in was proved that the anatomic-topographic position of ligated intestinal segments, as well as the quantity of the innoculated bacterial suspension, exercise an influence on the intensity of intestinal reaction. the first 2.5 m and the last 4 m of the thin intestines are inappropriate for the investigation because of the spurious rea ... | 1980 | 7015684 |
| membrane filter contact technique for bacteriological sampling of moist surfaces. | we used a membrane filter contact technique to pick up and grow bacteria from artificially contaminated surfaces. we were able to recover individual colony-forming units (cfu) of staphylococcus aureus from a moist agar surface more efficiently with 3- and 5- micron membrane filters than with rodac plates, velvet pads, velveteen pads, or smaller-pore membrane filters. the effective transfer of bacteria with the 3- and 5-micron membrane filters was 0.96 +/- 0.04 (standard error of the mean) and 0. ... | 1980 | 7014608 |
| evidence of cytocidal effects of pasteurella haemolytica on bovine peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes. | pasteurella haemolytica had a pronounced cytocidal effect on bovine mononuclear leukocytes. mononuclear leukocytes separated from venous blood on ficoll-diatrizoate and incubated with either p haemolytica or escherichia coli showed a significantly greater percentage cell death than did cells incubated with staphylococcus epidermidis or controls. neither heat-killed nor x-irradiated p haemolytica caused a significant percentage cell death. the cytotoxic potential of p haemolytica was dose related ... | 1980 | 7013577 |
| sensitivities of escherichia coli isolated from bovine and porcine enteric infections to antimicrobial antibiotics. | the antibiotic sensitivities of escherichia coli isolated from 91 diarrheal pigs and 98 diarrheal calves were determined to 19 different microbials by the kirby-bauer method. virtually all e coli isolated from pigs and calves were sensitive to amikacin, colistin, gentamicin, and polymyxin b. in vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations for these 4 antibiotics were determined for isolates from both pigs and calves. | 1980 | 7011124 |
| [demonstration of enteropathogenic e. coli by the ligated intestinal segment technic]. | through the implementation of the technique of ligated intestinal segments with established the enteropathogenic character of strains e. coli, isolated from calves by means of enteritis. the enteropathogenic e. coli provoked dilatation of the ligated intestinal segments on the basis of the enterotoxin produced by them, whereas in the case of the non-enteropathogenic ones such a reaction was not observed. the dilated intestinal segments were filled with an exudate of watery consistency under pres ... | 1980 | 7010769 |
| spontaneous emergence of an hfr strain with a cit plasmid from natural isolates of citrate-positive escherichia coli bovine origin. | from citrate-utilizing (cit+) escherichia coli strain c53 of bovine origin, strains c53a and c53b were obtained. upon mating with reca+ but not with reca mutant recipients of k-12, c53a produced chromosomal recombinants at quite high frequencies, leading to the following conclusions: (i) c53a is an hfr strain; (ii) the site of integration of the cit plasmid (inch1) is between meta (89 min) and ara (1 min); (iii) the direction of chromosome transfer is clockwise; and (iv) the plasmid-associated d ... | 1980 | 7009550 |
| role of platelet serotonin in the canine pulmonary response to endotoxin. | there is evidence suggesting a role for platelet serotonin (5-ht) in the immediate pulmonary response to endotoxin in the dog (j. appl. physiol. 23: 47, 1967). to further define this role, autologous canine platelets were labeled with 5-[14c]ht in vitro and then reinfused. subsequently escherichia coli endotoxin (0.55:b-5, difco), 2.5 mg/kg, was injected. within 5 min dynamic compliance (cl) fell by more than 50%, and nonelastic resistance (rl) increased by more than 200%. despite a 95% decrease ... | 1981 | 7009524 |
| [infant mouse model of "escherichia coli" infectious diarrhoea (author's transl)]. | three enteropathogenic bovine strains of escherichia coli (b41, b44 and 17c), carrying k99 antigen (k99+) and producing heat-stable enterotoxin (ent+), caused infectious diarrhoea when administered orally to swiss of1 and cd-1 infant mice. a mortality rate of 40 t0 60% was obtained after administration of 10 e. coli b41 to mice which were less than 48 h old. a mortality rate of 80 to 100% was obtained with 10(3) e. coli b41, selected as reference inoculum. inoculation of mice older than 48 h wit ... | 1980 | 7008674 |
| comparison between milk deprivation and oral rehydration with a glucose-glycine-electrolyte formulation in diarrhoeic and transported calves. | treatment of diarrhoeic calves by oral administration of a glucose-glycine-electrolyte solution (gges) was compared with milk deprivation (water given instead) and with no treatment (milk-fed controls). the diarrhoea followed challenge with enteropathogenic escherichia coli. the gges group showed a significantly lower mortality (5 per cent) in comparison with the controls (37 per cent). the milk-deprived group had a slightly lower mortality (30 per cent) in comparison with the controls. the milk ... | 1980 | 7008333 |
| differences in inhibition of the growth of commensal and enteropathogenic strains of escherichia coli by lactotransferrin and secretory immunoglobulin a isolated from human milk. | immunoglobulins from bovine and human colostrum and milk and lactotransferrin (ltf) from human milk were investigated for bacteriostatic activity against escherichia coli growing in a tissue culture medium. when tested separately, ltf or secretory immunoglobulin a (siga) from pooled human milk showed only slight bacteriostatic activity against human commensal or enteropathogenic strains of e. coli. together, they had a considerable bacteriostatic effect, but only against strains of enteropathoge ... | 1980 | 7007213 |
| variation in the susceptibility of bovine mycoplasmas to killing by the alternative complement pathway in bovine serum. | all but one of nine acholeplasma strains were susceptible to killing by gnotobiotic-calf serum while all but one of fifteen mycoplasma strains were resistant. the mechanism of killing was examined using inhibitors of complement, viz. edta. mgegta. epsilon-amino caproic acid, and also by desalting serum and adding mgcl2 and cacl2. the results indicated that, when strains were killed by serum from gnotobiotic calves it was by the alternative complement pathway. however, experiments with mycoplasma ... | 1980 | 7007210 |
| [blood bactericidal activity in calves]. | methodical aspects relating to determination of serum-bactericidal capacities were studied, with the view to using them to test the bearing of abiotic environmental factors on defence mechanisms against infections. communicated are methodical experience by which to enhance the methods used to higher accuracy as well as experience regarding biological variance in calf and results obtained from follow-up checks in which antigens were systematically used. reference is made also to other methodical ... | 1980 | 7006553 |
| intramammary coliform infection after heavy external contamination of teats. | teats of lactating dairy cows were exposed to massive, repeated external contamination by application of a freshly prepared broth culture of escherichia coli that was maintained in wet contact with the teat ends during 14 or 21 successive entire intermilking periods. when contamination was restricted to the intermilking periods by dipping teats in an iodophor germicide before each milking, 18 new intramammary infections occurred among the 93 mammary quarters at risk. the rate of infection achiev ... | 1980 | 7004280 |
| novel histone h2a-like protein of escherichia coli. | a histone-like protein (h) from escherichia coli has been purified to more than 98% homogeneity by using its capacity to inhibit dna functions. h protein behaves as a dimer of 28,000-dalton subunits. the histone h2a-like properties of h protein are: (i) binding to dna at a stoichiometry of 1 h protein dimer per 75 bases; (ii) abundance of about 30,000 molecules per cell, sufficient to bind about 20% of the chromosome; (iii) limiting digestion of double-stranded dna by micrococcal nuclease; (iv) ... | 1980 | 7001471 |
| construction and characterization of a cdna clone containing a portion of the bovine prolactin sequence. | poly(a)-containing rna from the bovine anterior pituitary has been used as a template for the enzymatic synthesis of double-stranded cdna. the resulting double-stranded cdna was inserted into the pst i site of pbr322 with the oligo(dg)-oligo(dc) tailing technique and subsequently cloned in e. coli chi 1776. clones containing sequences complementary to prolactin mrna were identified by colony hybridization with partially purified prolactin cdna. a 250 base pair sequence from one prolactin positiv ... | 1980 | 7001369 |
| the binding of a fluorescent activator 2-(n-decyl)aminonaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid to pyruvate oxidase. | e. coli pyruvate oxidase (pyruvate:ferricytochrome b1 oxidoreductase, ec 1.2.2.2) is a peripheral membrane flavoenzyme which has been purified to homogeneity. in vivo the oxidase resides on the inner surface of the cytoplasmic membrane and is coupled to the bacterial electron transport chain. in vitro, the purified oxidase requires lipids for full enzymatic activity. previous studies have characterized the conformational and energetic coupling between the lipid-binding site(s) and the catalytic ... | 1980 | 7000189 |
| cephamycin c treatment of induced enterotoxigenic colibacillosis (scours) in calves and piglets. | cephamycin c is a beta-lactam antibiotic that has broad gram-negative activity and is resistant to degradation by beta-lactamases and safe for use in animals. in colostrum-fed calves infected with escherichia coli strain b44, cephamycin c administered by gavage at 31.3 to 1,000 mg per calf (0.75 to 24 mg/kg) twice a day for 6 days starting at 20 h post-inoculation eliminated the diarrhea and reduced the mortality from 90% in infected, nonmedicated calves to 14% in infected, medicated calves (p < ... | 1980 | 6999985 |
| identification of a carbohydrate receptor recognized by uropathogenic escherichia coli. | earlier investigations have shown that pyelonephritic escherichia coli specifically recognize and bind to carbohydrate structures correlated to the p blood group antigens. these findings are confirmed and extended in this study. twenty-two of 23 nonselected e. coli strains from children with acute febrile pyelonephritis failed to agglutinate human erythrocytes lacking the antigens within the p blood group system. only one of 32 faecal isolates exhibited this specific agglutinating property. the ... | 1980 | 6997213 |
| cloning of dna complementary to bovine prolactin mrna. | we have cloned dna complementary to mrna coding for bovine prolactin (bprl). double-stranded cdna prepared from bovine pituitary mrna was inserted into the pst i site of plasmid bpr322 by the dc x dg tailing technique and amplified in e. coli chi 1776. a recombinant plasmid containing bprl cdna was identified by hybridization to cloned rat prl cdna. it contains cdna corresponding to the region of the mrna coding for the carboxy terminal 101 amino acids of bprl, as well as 42 nucleotides in the 3 ... | 1980 | 6995103 |
| the distribution of prostaglandins in afferent and efferent lymph from inflammatory sites. | arachidonic acid labeled with (14)c was injected directly into lymph nodes that had been stimulated at various times with escherichia coli. the efferent lymph was collected, and labeled catabolites were extracted and analyzed chromatographically. the pimary conversion product recovered was prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)), with the lesser products thromboxane, prostacyclin and prostaglandin f(2alpha) (pgf(2alpha)) also detected. when the efferent lymph was analyzed by radioimmunoassay after subcutane ... | 1980 | 6992593 |
| fibrin in peritonitis. i. beneficial and adverse effects of fibrin in experimental e. coli peritonitis. | fibrin has classically been considered a defense mechanism of the peritoneal cavity. we have studied the role of purified fibrin in the pathogenesis of intraperitoneal infection. implantation of 0.5% bovine fibrin clots containing 2 x 10(8) e. coli into the rat peritoneal cavity reduces the 24-hour mortality rate from 100% to 0% compared to bacteria in a similar volume of saline solution. however, the 10-day mortality rate with fibrin is 90%; 100% develop intraperitoneal abscesses. animals recei ... | 1980 | 6992321 |
| the antibiotic activity of the lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogen peroxide system in the calf abomasum. | the lactoperoxidase system which had been previously shown to kill gram-negative organisms (eg, coliforms, salmonellae, pseudomonads) in vitro, was found to be activated in vivo. the lactoperoxidase was provided by the milk and the thiocyanate either by the milk or by its secretion in the abomasum. the third factor was provided either by a h2o2 generating system (glucose oxidase and glucose) or by h2o2 producing lactobacilli. the latter occur naturally in large numbers in the abomasum of the cal ... | 1980 | 6990446 |
| vaccination of cows with a k99 extract to protect newborn calves against experimental enterotoxic colibacillosis. | pregnant cows and heifers were vaccinated with a crude k99 extract prepared from an escherichia coli k-12, k99 strain. a similar group, injected with an extract prepared from the k-12 parent strain, served as a control. eleven calves were born to both groups and challenged orally with a mean of 1.6 x 10(11) bacteria of enterotoxic e. coli b41 (o101:k99+, st+) at the time of first colostrum uptake (1 to 7 h after birth). as a result of challenge, no death occurred in the vaccine group, but four c ... | 1980 | 6987168 |
| responses of b-cells to mitogens and antigen in mice receiving isogenic splenocytes from animals treated with trichinella extract. | splenocytes of c57bl/6j mice injected with a trichinella spiralis larval extract for 7 consecutive days were transferred in two doses into isogenic, immunocompetent mice. on the 3rd day, some recipients were immunized with 10(9) sheep red blood cells and others were killed to investigate blastogenic response of their splenocytes to concanavalin a (con a), escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps), and mycobacterium's purified protein derivative (ppd). on the 8th day of immunization, the correspo ... | 1980 | 6970260 |
| structurally unique basic protein coextracted with histones from calf thymus chromatin. | a histone-like protein that is rich in alanine and lysine (protein ak) has been obtained in homogeneous form by high-resolution gel filtration of h2so4 extracts of calf thymus chromatin. protein ak: (i) migrates as a single band in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in both acetic acid/urea and sodium dodecyl sulfate; (ii) is a basic protein; (iii) lacks tryptophan; (iv) is not extracted from chromatin with 0.35 m nacl; and (v) is not soluble in 0.75 m hclo4. protein ak is distinguished from the ... | 1980 | 6929493 |
| [intrauterine bacterial and mycotic infections in cows]. | bacteriologic, mycologic, and serologic investigations of cows and calves and three experiments with rabbits were carried out to shed light on the bacteriology and mycology of the intrauterine infections in cows. the following organisms were isolated from the investigated cows that exhibited disturbances in their reproduction, and had abortions, or gave birth to calves that were affected with diseases or died: escherichia coli (17.84%), association of bacteria (7.64%); vibrio genitalis (3.86%); ... | 1983 | 6880018 |
| concentrations of methicillin in blood, normal milk and mastitic milk of cows after intramuscular injection of methicillin and tamethicillin. | tamethicillin (tam) is a basic ester pro-drug of methicillin (met) which is converted in the body by non-specific esterases to met. equal doses of met and tam were administered intramuscularly in a crossover trial involving four dairy cows. acute mastitis was induced in each cow by infusing two quarters of the udder with escherichia coli endotoxin 3 h before antibiotic administration. peak serum met concentrations after met injection were significantly (p less than 0.001) higher than peak serum ... | 1983 | 6854731 |
| cross-reactivity of haemophilus somnus antibody in agglutination and complement fixation tests and in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the specificity and sensitivity of agglutination, complement fixation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) procedures in the detection of antibodies to haemophilus somnus was investigated. h. somnus rabbit immune sera were found to agglutinate pasteurella multocida, staphylococcus aureus, and haemophilus agni and, in some instances, also pasteurella haemolytica, salmonella dublin, streptococcus agalactiae, and corynebacterium pyogenes. in complement fixation tests with saline extracts ... | 1983 | 6841584 |
| why are two different types of pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase found in living organisms? | two types of pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenases have been reported in living organisms. the energy-linked transhydrogenase is found in mitochondria and in certain heterotrophic and photosynthesizing bacteria, while the non-energy-linked transhydrogenase is found in certain heterotrophic bacteria. the presence of a structurally similar non-energy-linked transhydrogenase in azotobacter vinelandii, pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas fluorescens is readily shown in extracts from these bacteri ... | 1983 | 6840064 |
| lipopolysaccharide-mediated bovine endothelial cell injury in vitro. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) produced time- and dose-dependent bovine endothelial cell injury in vitro that was manifested initially by cell detachment from culture substrate with subsequent cell lysis. bovine endothelial cell injury was observed with lps derived from salmonella minnesota r595, a lps comprised only of lipid a and a trisaccharide core, as well as intact lps preparations derived escherichia coli and s. typhosa. lps-mediated bovine endothelial cell detachment was prevented by incubatio ... | 1983 | 6827807 |
| chemotactic factors for bovine leukocytes. | an agarose method was used to determine the nature of chemotaxins for bovine leukocytes as related to coliform mastitis. freshly collected bovine serum or plasma was frequently chemotactic, probably due to spontaneous complement activation. fresh serum was always rendered chemotactic when activated with zymosan or when heat-killed or viable coliform bacteria were incubated in the serum. the bacteria did not contribute to preexisting activity in the serum. escherichia coli grown in synthetic medi ... | 1982 | 6816108 |
| fidelity in transcription assessed by dna-dependent rna polymerases. | the use of in vitro transcription of polynucleotides by prokaryotic and eukaryotic dna-dependent rna polymerases has proven of great usefulness in detecting mutagenic base modifications. quite similar results are obtained with ribo- and deoxyribopolymers as templates, and with mg2+ and mn2+ at optimal concentrations. recent studies have centered on polymers containing etheno c, as well as its hydrated form. these modifications are of particular interest, since they are the consequence of metabol ... | 1982 | 6814508 |
| antimicrobial characteristic of insoluble alkylpyridinium iodide. | insoluble and soluble alkylpyridinium iodides (c8 to c18) were synthesized. the insoluble agents were quaternized 4-vinylpyridine-divinylbenzene copolymers. the insoluble agent [c12(50)] that contained 50% divinylbenzene and had a c12 alkyl chain was selected as the most suitable insoluble agent. c12(50) showed poor durability of the antibacterial activity, but c12(50), which had lost the activity, was refreshed by washing with ethanol. this washing became ineffective after a few cycles of antib ... | 1982 | 6808918 |
| nucleotide sequence of calf prorennin cdna cloned in escherichia coli. | the nucleotide sequence of prorennin (prochymosin) cdna cloned in e. coli was determined by the technique of maxam and gilbert. the longest prorennin cdna insert in ptacr1 contained the putative signal sequence and the coding sequence for the peptide from the 1st amino acid, ala (nh2 terminal), to the 296th, ser, and the other clone ptacr9 contained the coding sequence from the 258th, asp, to the 365th, ile (cooh terminal), and the tga termination codon followed by the 3'-untranslated region. th ... | 1982 | 6804449 |
| identification of a class of lysines within the non-specific dna-binding site of rna polymerase core enzyme from escherichia coli. | the imido ester, methyl acetimidate, which specifically amidinates lysine residues, modifies rna polymerase core enzyme, leading to rapid loss of activity. calf thymus dna partially protects the enzyme against this inactivation, an effect which disappears at high salt concentration. dna protects 17 +/- 6 lysines from amidination at low salt concentration. the dependence of amidination on methyl acetimidate concentration is examined in the presence of dna at high and low salt concentration. analy ... | 1980 | 6804229 |
| synthesis of alpha- and beta-glycosides containing spin labels, as probes for studies of carbohydrate-protein interaction. | nitroxide spin-labeled alpha-d-glycopyranosides were synthesized in good yield and in a highly stereoselective manner by reaction of per-o-benzyl-alpha-d-glycopyranosyl bromides with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol under the bromide ion-catalyzed conditions devised by lemieux et al. after hydrogenolysis, the deblocked intermediates were oxidized to give the desired, spin-labeled alpha-d-glycopyranosides. nitroxide spin-labeled beta-d-glycopyranosides, as well as a beta-maltoside, were synthesi ... | 1981 | 6786748 |
| a mammalian dna polymerase alpha holoenzyme functioning on defined in vivo-like templates. | in analogy to the escherichia coli replicative dna polymerase iii we define two forms of dna polymerase alpha: the core enzyme and the holoenzyme. the core enzyme is not able to elongate efficiently primed single-stranded dna templates, in contrast to the holoenzyme which functions well on in vivo-like template. using these criteria, we have identified and partially purified dna polymerase alpha holoenzyme from calf thymus and have compared it to the corresponding homogeneous dna polymerase alph ... | 1982 | 6765199 |
| enhancement of the chemotactic response of bovine polymorphonuclear leukocytes by levamisole. | the effects of levamisole on random migration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and intracellular killing by bovine polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) were investigated. chemotactic assays were performed, using micropore filters in modified boyden chambers. phagocytosis and intracellular killing of escherichia coli were analyzed by standard viable bacterial counts. results indicated that levamisole enhanced the chemotactic response of pmn at concentrations ranging from 10(-4) to 5 x 10(-3)m. phagocytes ... | 1982 | 6762119 |
| inhibition of calf thymus dna polymerase alpha and of normal and cancer cell growth by butylanilinouracil and butylphenylguanine. | 6-(p-n-butylanilino)uracil and n2-(p-butylphenyl)guanine inhibited the activity of dna polymerase alpha from calf thymus but had no effect on other eukaryotic polymerases (dna polymerases beta and gamma) or escherichia coli dna polymerase i. inhibition was competitive with deoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate and did not occur in the reaction of dna polymerase alpha with a template that did not contain cytosine residues. the results support a mechanism which involves hydrogen bonding of inhibitors wit ... | 1982 | 6756479 |
| evaluation of immunological methods for detection of bovine growth hormone (bgh) produced in e. coli. | the use of several immunological methods for studies on synthesis of bovine growth hormone (bgh) by e. coli is described here. the elisa procedure was shown to be the least sensitive and unfit for assaying bgh in e. coli extracts. the solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria) proved to be highly sensitive, but since e. coli extract itself (not containing bgh) interfered with the immunological reaction, its use for measuring bgh was practically limited. the best adequate procedure proved to be radioimmu ... | 1982 | 6749998 |
| fluorogenic substrates for bacterial aminopeptidase p and its analogs detected in human serum and calf lung. | a sensitive fluorimetric assay was developed for bacterial aminopeptidase p, based on intramolecularly quenched fluorogenic substrates. two substrates were synthesized. phe(no2)-pro-hn-ch2-ch2-nh-abz (substrate i) and phe(no2)-pro-pro-hn-ch2-ch2-nh-abz (substrate ii), in which the phe(no2) group (rho-nitro-l-phenylalanyl) quenches the fluorescence of the abz group (omicron-aminobenzoyl). both substrates were readily cleaved by aminopeptidase p from escherichia coli, releasing rho-nitro-l-phenyla ... | 1982 | 6749499 |
| fatal mastitis of dairy cows: a retrospective study. | the necropsy records of dairy cows with mastitis were reviewed from the provincial veterinary laboratory in guelph (44 cases of mastitis in nine years) and from the ontario veterinary college (168 cases in 14 years). mastitis was considered to be the primary cause of death in 167 of 212 cows (79%). of these 167 cases of mastitis, escherichia coli was involved in 107 (64%), klebsiella sp. in 12 (7%) and staphylococcus aureus in 11 (7%). bacteriology was not reported in 22 cases. coliform mastitis ... | 1984 | 6722641 |
| chemical and immunological properties of escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin. | five heat-stable enterotoxins (sts) produced by enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec) strains of porcine, bovine and human origin have been purified to apparent homogeneity. the sts with biological activity in suckling mice and piglets (sta) contained 18 amino acid residues, 10 or 11 different amino acids with a high proportion of acidic amino acids and 6 half-cystines. all 5 purified preparations were heat-stable, not denatured by organic solvents and detergents, resisted protease digestion and treatm ... | 1983 | 6686335 |
| tetrahydrobiopterin is synthesized by separate pathways from dihydroneopterin triphosphate and from sepiapterin in adrenal medulla preparations. | using escherichia coli guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase, dihydroneopterin triphosphate was synthesized from guanosine triphosphate and was compared with sepiapterin as a substrate for tetrahydrobiopterin formation in bovine adrenal medulla extracts. the dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, methotrexate, blocks the formation of tetrahydrobiopterin from sepiapterin but not from dihydroneopterin triphosphate. reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and a divalent metal ion are requir ... | 1983 | 6639080 |
| urea--dna glycosylase in mammalian cells. | urea-dna glycosylase, an enzyme presumed to be active in the repair of dna damage caused by oxidizing agents, has been identified previously in escherichia coli. this enzyme has now been shown to be present in cell extracts of calf thymus and human fibroblasts. it catalyzes the release of free urea from a double-stranded polydeoxyribonucleotide containing thymine residues fragmented by kmno4 and naoh treatment. the calf thymus enzyme has been 400-fold purified and largely separated from previous ... | 1983 | 6626501 |
| molecular cloning and sequence determination of rat preproenkephalin cdna: sensitive probe for studying transcriptional changes in rat tissues. | a cdna probe was prepared to investigate the regulation of proenkephalin biosynthesis in the rat. this was necessary because human and bovine proenkephalin cdna were not sensitive enough for the accurate detection of preproenkephalin mrna in tissues that contain low copy numbers of this message, such as the adrenal gland. the rat probe was prepared in the following manner. preproenkephalin mrna was enriched by sucrose gradient centrifugation of poly(a)-containing mrna from rat brain and was used ... | 1984 | 6594709 |
| evaluation of experimental teat dip containing sodium chlorite and lactic acid by excised teat assay. | an experimental teat dip containing sodium chlorite and lactic acid, diluted in water, was evaluated by excised teat protocol. the teat dip was tested against 21 microorganisms. included were: staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus dysgalactiae, streptococcus uberis, escherichia coli, klebsiella oxytoca, klebsiella pneumoniae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. numerous strains were tested for strain differences. environmental bacteria were included because of their increasing i ... | 1984 | 6530497 |
| development of a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (sta). | a sensitive competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to detect the low molecular weight heat-stable enterotoxin (sta) in culture supernatant fluids of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec). competitive inhibition was observed between sta in solution and a glutaraldehyde-coupled sta-human serum albumin (hsa) conjugate bound to microtiter wells when antiserum raised against a glutaraldehyde-coupled sta-bovine serum albumin (bsa) conjugate was used as detecting antibody ... | 1984 | 6520401 |
| pathomorphology and pathogenesis of bacterial meningoventriculitis of neonatal ungulates. | bacterial meningoventriculitis was studied in 26 neonatal ungulates. preceded by a substantial bacteremia, usually due to escherichia coli, the fibrinopurulent inflammation involved leptomeninges, choroid plexuses, and ventricle walls, but largely spared the neuraxial parenchyma. it is proposed that this surface-relatedness results from the transport of bacteria by monocytes of low bactericidal power, migrating by normal pathways to maintain significant surface populations of macrophages. the ne ... | 1984 | 6516179 |
| a role for dna polymerase in the specificity of nucleotide incorporation opposite n-acetyl-2-aminofluorene adducts. | escherichia coli dna polymerase i (klenow fragment), dna polymerase alpha from both calf thymus and human lymphoma cells and dna polymerase beta from calf thymus and novikoff hepatoma cells can incorporate nucleotides opposite n-guanin-8-yl-acetyl-2-aminofluorene in dna. the polymerases incorporate dctp opposite some aaf-dg lesions when mg2+ is the divalent cation. substitution of mn2+ for mg2+ broadens the specificity of insertion: e. coli dna polymerase i (klenow fragment) also inserts a, and ... | 1984 | 6492159 |
| assessment in the mouse of cefoperazone as a treatment for mastitis. | the value of cefoperazone in mastitis therapy was assessed in the mouse model of mastitis primarily by its effect on bacterial cell numbers in the gland. in addition histological studies showed that the drug was not an irritant in the mammary gland. pharmacokinetic studies showed that it was slowly absorbed from the gland (six days to absorb 500 micrograms) but was easily removed by milking. in ascending order of efficacy cefoperazone (500 micrograms/gland) was active against four-hour-old intra ... | 1984 | 6464327 |
| functional groups at the catalytic site of bf1 adenosinetriphosphatase from escherichia coli. | the rates of inactivation of bf1 adenosinetriphosphatase (bf1-atpase) from escherichia coli by 7-chloro-4-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole, 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonate, phenylglyoxal, and n,n'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide have been measured in the presence and absence of various concentrations of inorganic phosphate, adp, atp, or magnesium ion. dissociation equilibrium constants and rate constants for the labeling reactions have been deduced from a quantitative treatment of ... | 1982 | 6462170 |
| evaluation of a surfactant mixture c31g as a teat dip by a modified excised teat model. | a mixture of amphoteric surfactants with antimicrobial properties, c31g, was evaluated as a teat dip by a modified excised teat model. the model was modified to avoid misinterpretation of results from indigenous bacterial microflora on teats. in three experiments, bacterial numbers recovered from teats dipped in .75, 1.5, and 3.0% solutions of c31g were compared with bacteria recovered from undipped teats (negative controls) and teats dipped with 1.0% iodophor (an effective teat dip). mean log r ... | 1984 | 6425375 |
| f41 antigen among porcine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains lacking k88, k99, and 987p pili. | colonial morphological variations among enterotoxigenic escherichia coli which lack k88, k99, and 987p (3p-) were shown to be correlated with expression of several surface antigens, i.e., type 1 pili, f41 pili, and somatic and capsular antigens. such correlations were established by electron microscopy, serology, and hemagglutination of cells derived from these specific colonial types. identification of f41 produced by the 3p- enterotoxigenic e. coli strains was made by immunodiffusion in agaros ... | 1984 | 6420345 |
| an enzymatically active antigen-antibody probe to measure circulating immune complexes. ii. e. coli beta-galactosidase in the probe and c1q as the recognition unit. | an enzymatically active probe (beta-galactosidase-anti-beta-galactosidase complex) is used to measure circulating immune complexes (cic), in a competition assay where probe and cic are confronted with a 'recognition unit'. the latter is bovine conglutinin in the original description of this method. here we describe a version utilizing human or bovine c1q. the two techniques are compared for their sensitivity and specificity, on both in vitro formed tetanus toxoid-anti-toxoid complexes and on ser ... | 1983 | 6404986 |
| [pathogenic role of strains of specific escherichia coli serotypes in the development of mastitis in cows. i. clinical course]. | the studies were carried out on 14 cows. for infection of the cows pathogenic (from the field) e. coli strains from the serological groups: 093, 010,086 and non pathogenic strains (museum) belonging to serogroups: 0132, 0120, 093 were used. the microorganisms of each group were injected into the udders of two cows. two successive cows were injected into the udders e. coli endotoxin (group 093). in 6 hr after infusion of the strain or endotoxin, the experimental quarters were swollen, reddened, b ... | 1984 | 6399553 |
| effect of e. coli ectotoxin on calcium and phosphate concentration in serum of dairy cows. | the injection of e. coli ectotoxin into eight healthy cows of the srb breed induced a significant hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia. a clinical profile similar to that normally seen in paresis puerperalis was also observed. these results confirm earlier observations that toxaemia can give rise to paralytic symptoms. | 1984 | 6397719 |
| biochemical and antibacterial properties of bovine mammary secretion during mammary involution and at parturition. | mammary secretions from four holstein friesian cows were collected during late lactation, early involution, and early in subsequent lactation. changes of ph, concentration of serum albumin, immunoglobulin g, citrate, lactoferrin, and number of leukocytes in secretions were typical of milk from glands undergoing these physiological transitions. whey prepared from a cow's secretions was evaluated for its capacity to inhibit growth of escherichia coli, 60-lilly, and a coliform strain isolated from ... | 1984 | 6397483 |
| a small episode of single quarter coliform infections in lactating dairy cows kept at pasture. | for a period of 150 days, an escherichia coli infection in a single quarter of the udder of 13 cows occurred on average every 9 days, in a herd of 120 cows kept at pasture under temperate environmental conditions. most cases were clinically mild, affecting cows in lactations 1 to 10 and at all stages of lactation; none were evident at calving. samples of secretion from infected quarters sometimes had few demonstrable organisms. eleven different serotypes in 8 (0) groups were recovered; one isola ... | 1984 | 6397184 |
| thoughts of the medical microbiologist on the use of antimicrobial drugs in animals. | the restriction in feed-antibiotics as carried out in our country so far did not lead to the expected decrease of r-factors in the faecal flora of the animals staying in stable. possible explanations on this subject are given in this report. the question arises whether the best solution to the problem would not be a complex separation of antibiotics used in human medicine from those used in veterinary medicine, as already discussed in the swann report. a further spreading of plasmids and transpo ... | 1984 | 6395578 |
| [fixation of antibodies by covalent bonds to polystyrene: use of the immunoenzyme technic for the detection of escherichia coli k99 in calf feces]. | a solid phase enzyme immunoassay using antibodies covalently bound to polystyrene balls is developed. results show the same sensitivity as the method with antibodies adsorbed to solid support. by means of k99+ e. coli detection on diarrhoeic calves, results are compared with bacteriological findings. the interest of the method is discussed. | 1984 | 6393848 |
| progressive pathology of severe escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cows. | an investigation was made using light and electron microscopy of the progressive pathological changes in nine experimental and two natural cases of severe escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cows. the duration of infection varied from 18 hours to 13 days. epithelial lesions were not found in glands which had been infected for more than 24 hours. however, the epithelia of the sinuses and large ducts became hyperplastic after 60 hours of infection and by six days hyperplasia was extensive on the cr ... | 1984 | 6390590 |
| virulence factors of escherichia coli isolated from cows with acute mastitis. | a total of 184 escherichia coli isolates recovered from cows with acute mastitis were examined for recognized pathogenic mechanisms and virulence factors commonly found in pathogenic groups of e coli. a modification of the eng procedure (for detecting complement deficiencies in serum) was used to test for resistance to different animal sera. the sereny test (for invasiveness), infant mouse test (for heat-stable enterotoxin), and y-1 adrenal tumor cell assay (for heat-labile enterotoxin) were use ... | 1984 | 6388441 |
| isolation and characterization of the heat stable enterotoxin from a pathogenic bovine strain of escherichia coli. | a heat-stable enterotoxin secreted by a pathogenic strain of escherichia coli of calf origin was purified to homogeneity by a procedure involving acetone fractionation, deae cellulose chromatography, biogel p2 chromatography and size exclusion high pressure liquid chromatography. the purity of the product was ascertained by amino-acid analyses and amino acid sequence using manual degradation with 4-n, n dimethylaminoazobenzene-4' isothiocyanate (dabitc) and an automatic gas phase sequenator. the ... | 1984 | 6388141 |
| tissue specificity of 3'-untranslated sequence of myosin light chain gene: unexpected interspecies homology with repetitive dna. | using the 3' noncoding and coding sequences of chick heart myosin light chain mrna cloned into escherichia coli as probes, it was observed that, while the coding sequence shared homology with myosin light-chain mrnas from other sources, the 3' noncoding sequence was specific for chick heart muscle. this property was used to detect chick heart-specific myosin light-chain gene activity in chick blastoderms of very early developmental stages where cells of different muscle origins cannot be disting ... | 1984 | 6385857 |
| [characterization of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli of bovine origin by dna-dna colony hybridization]. | dna-dna colony hybridizations with a st1a probe were done on bovine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains and compared with the suckling mouse test. the results show that one fourth (7/24) of the strains positive in the baby mouse test do not hybridize the st1a probe and suggest the existence of another or other toxins among the bovine enterotoxigenic e. coli strains. | 1984 | 6385806 |
| prostacyclin production by perturbed bovine aortic endothelial cells in culture. | this study reports that endotoxin (escherichia coli serotype 026:b6) and 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate stimulate cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells to generate prostacyclin. the prostacyclin concentration of the culture medium was measured indirectly by radioimmunoassay for 6-keto-pgf1 alpha. the amount of prostacyclin generated depended on the concentration of endotoxin or phorbol diester. prostacyclin generation was not immediate, but occurred slowly after a six-hour lag period. ... | 1984 | 6383496 |
| coliform mastitis. | many strains of e. coli, klebsiella, and enterobacter can cause udder infection in dairy cows. although some cases are severe, and occasionally fatal, most cases are self-limiting and would be resolved without therapy. chronic coliform infections also occur; these may be subclinical but typically elicit recurrent clinical episodes. therapy of acute coliform infections should be directed at removal of and neutralization of the effects of endotoxin. in cases of endotoxic shock, electrolyte and flu ... | 1984 | 6382775 |
| observations on corynebacterium bovis infection of the bovine mammary gland. ii. experimental infection. | experiments are described in which lactating cows were exposed to corynebacterium bovis either by dipping the teats in a suspension of the bacteria or by inoculating the bacteria into the teat duct or the teat sinus. all three methods readily led to 'infection' being established. the effect of these infections on somatic cell count was minor and no clinical mastitis resulted during the course of the experiments although some cases occurred subsequently. there was evidence that 44% of these infec ... | 1984 | 6381561 |
| enumeration of total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and escherichia coli in foods by hydrophobic grid membrane filter: supplementary report. | raw, comminuted poultry meat was used to determine the specificity of the media and incubation conditions used in the hydrophobic grid membrane filter method. confirmation rates for target colonies were 100% for total coliforms, 98% for fecal coliforms, and 97-99% for escherichia coli. the results of total coliform enumeration in 30 pasteurized milk samples by both the hydrophobic grid membrane filter method and aoac method 46.013-46.016 are also reported. | 1984 | 6381469 |
| quaternary heterocyclylamino beta-lactams. v. l-640,876 treatment of induced enterotoxigenic colibacillosis (scours) in calves and piglets. | a new semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic designated l-640,876, 7-beta-(1-benzylpyridinium-4-yl)amino-3-[( (1-methyl-1h-tetrazol-5-yl)thio] methyl)ceph-3-em-4-carboxylate, was highly active in vitro against 110 enteropathogenic strains of escherichia coli and salmonella species of animal origin. the mic90 was 0.125 microgram/ml for the e. coli strains, 2 micrograms/ml for the s. choleraesuis strains and 4 micrograms/ml for the s. typhimurium strains. in colostrum-fed calves infected with e. c ... | 1983 | 6381448 |
| [determination of the nucleotide and isoplith composition of dna by scanning thin-layer chromatograms in ultraviolet light]. | the author studied the uv spectra of the bases and pyrimidine sequences of dna after separation in thin layers of cellulose, and calculated the coefficients permitting the determination of nucleotide and isoplith composition of dna from uv light reflection during thin-layer chromatogram scanning. | 1984 | 6380613 |
| relationships between linear type scores, objective type measures, and indicators of mastitis. | objectives were to examine the usefulness of objective measures of conformation and linear scores for type for predicting indicators of mastitis. approximately 300 cows in five herds were scored in the experimental linear classification program of the holstein-friesian association of america, measured objectively for numerous components of conformation, and evaluated for four indicators of mastitis. indicators of mastitis were average natural logarithm of somatic cell counts during the lactation ... | 1984 | 6378993 |
| selective affinity chromatography of dna polymerases with associated 3' to 5' exonuclease activities. | the use of 5'-amp as a ligand for the affinity chromatography of dna polymerases with intrinsic 3' to 5' exonuclease activities was investigated. the basis for this is that 5'-amp would be expected to act as a ligand for the associated 3' to 5' exonuclease. the requirements for binding of escherichia coli dna polymerase i, t4 dna polymerase, and calf thymus dna polymerase delta, all of which have associated 3' to 5' exonuclease activities, to several commercially available 5'-amp supports with d ... | 1984 | 6377960 |
| antimicrobial resistance and conjugative r plasmids in escherichia coli strains isolated from animals in peninsular malaysia. | fifteen independent e. coli strains of avian, bovine and porcine origin in peninsular malaysia were tested for antibiotic resistance and conjugative r plasmids. eight (53%) isolates were found to be antibiotic resistant. among them, 37.5% were mono-resistant and 62.5% were resistant to three or more antibiotics, i.e., multi-resistant. all of them were resistant to tc and sensitive to gm and nx. three of the eight antibiotic resistant strains were able to transfer all or part of their resistance ... | 1984 | 6377513 |
| further studies on the variation among cows, bulls and calves in the ability of their blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes to kill staphylococcus aureus. | 1984 | 6375807 | |
| infection with enterotoxigenic escherichia coli in calves and protection of the calves by vaccination of the dams. | a report is given of a study on the occurrence of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli in calves in denmark. samples from 1379 1-30-day-old calves were examined and etec were isolated from 228 samples (16.5%). while in 1-2-day-old calves nearly one half (47.5%) harboured etec, the frequency dropped to 3.4% in 8-day-old calves, and of 165 9-30-day-old calves just one was found to harbour etec. a field trial with k99-containing bacterins was performed in 14 herds with etec problems. a total of 109 cow ... | 1983 | 6375531 |
| drug resistance and conjugative r plasmids in fecal escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy younger animals (chickens, piglets, calves) and children. | a total of 11,777 escherichia coli strains were isolated from 90 chickens, 103 piglets, 96 calves, and 104 children in 1979 in gunma prefecture and tested for drug resistance and the presence of conjugative r plasmids. the percentages of individuals that excreted drug-resistant strains were: chickens, 100%; piglets, 99%; calves, 100%; and children, 64%. the frequency of isolation of drug-resistant strains among the total isolates was: chickens, 98%; piglets, 93%; calves, 94%; and children, 41%. ... | 1983 | 6374389 |