Publications

removal of necrotic tissue with an ananain-based enzyme-debriding preparation.	an enzymatic debriding preparation was formulated with purified enzyme derived from a crude pineapple stem extract. the primary component of this preparation was the sulfhydryl protease ananain which represented >/=85% of the proteolytic activity. the remaining proteolytic activity in the preparation was contributed by a co-purifying homologous cysteine protease comosain. taken together these two proteases provided a protein purity of greater than 95% as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacry ...	1996	17309694
evaluation of the mechanical strength and patency of functional end-to-end anastomoses.	although many mechanical devices are being developed for functional end-to-end anastomosis (fetea), the best choice remains to be determined. the mechanical strength of each device is an important factor associated with anastomotic leakage. in turn, anastomotic patency is related to postoperative stenosis. this study examined the bursting pressure and circumference of several feteas.	2007	17285383
cp7_e2alf: a safe and efficient marker vaccine strain for oral immunisation of wild boar against classical swine fever virus (csfv).	wild boar are an important reservoir of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in several european countries, where most of the primary outbreaks in domestic pigs are directly related to the endemic disease situation in the wild boar population. oral immunisation has been introduced as an additional control measure to accelerate csf eradication in wild boar in germany since 1993. immunisation with an oral bait vaccine based on the conventionally attenuated live vaccine strain "c" proved to be safe a ...	2007	17257713
microwave ablation with a single small-gauge triaxial antenna: in vivo porcine liver model.	to evaluate the performance of a 17-gauge triaxial antenna at microwave ablation in an in vivo porcine liver model.	2007	17255414
focal epidural cooling reduces the infarction volume of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in swine.	the protective effect against ischemic stroke by systemic hypothermia is limited by the cooling rate and it has severe complications. this study was designed to evaluate the effect of sbh induced by epidural cooling on infarction volume in a swine model of pmcao.	2007	17254860
photoperiod and luteinizing hormone secretion in domestic and wild pigs.	during seasonal anoestrus (long-days), oestradiol can effectively inhibit the pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone (lh) in sheep. the aim of our trial was to determine whether the same regulatory mechanism exists in the pig. altogether, 20 ovariectomized and oestradiol-implanted gilts (16 domestic pigs, 4 european wild boars) were randomly allocated to two treatment groups. the first group was kept under a short-day light-dark cycle of 8l:16d, and the second group under a long-day light re ...	2008	17250979
mri-based safety evaluation of the ventrica magnetic coronary anastomotic system.	the ventrica magnetic vascular positioner system is a novel automatic anastomotic coupling device for distal coronary artery anastomosis. there is concern that enormous magnetic fields may negatively affect graft anastomosis or coronary artery blood flow, or that they may lead to disconnection of the magnetic ports. forty-five domestic swine (26.6 +/- 5.9 kg) underwent magnetic resonance imaging after a single ventrica anastomosis of the left internal mammary artery to the left anterior descendi ...	2007	17244918
assessment of acute reperfused myocardial infarction with delayed enhancement 64-mdct.	objective: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of delayed enhancement 64-mdct in the assessment of myocardial infarct size in a porcine model of acute reperfused myocardial infarction. ct can be used for noninvasive assessment of coronary artery stenosis, but to our knowledge, evaluation of myocardial viability in the subacute phase of acute myocardial infarction has not been validated. we performed delayed enhancement imaging on six domestic swine 5 days after reperfused acute ...	2007	17242218
post-resuscitation haemodynamics in a novel acute myocardial infarction cardiac arrest model in the pig.	although a considerable amount of promising experimental research has been performed on cardiopulmonary resuscitation, clinical data indicate an ongoing limited outcome in human beings. one reason for this discrepancy could be that experimental studies use healthy animals whereas most human beings undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation suffer from acute or chronic myocardial dysfunction. to overcome this problem, we sought to develop a new model of myocardial infarction, that is easy to perfor ...	2007	17241498
abnormal kidneys from the domestic pig (sus scrofa).		1894	17232112
analysis of the physical properties of costal cartilage in a porcine model.	to determine the impact of interventions on the degree of warping of costal cartilage.	2007	17224486
sperm morphology of cattle and domestic pigs.	sperm morphology was evaluated (using blom classification) in 44 ejaculates of 11 bulls and 44 ejaculates of 11 boars. significant differences in sperm morphology were found between bulls and boars. in addition, the correlations between frequency of morphological changes and morphometrical traits of boar spermatozoa were demonstrated. more morphological anomalies of spermatozoa were recorded in ejaculates containing longer spermatozoa.	2006	17220948
evaluation of males spermiogram in domestic pigs.	a microscopic assessment was used to estimate sperm morphological structure in 405 ejaculates from 70 boars according to blom classification. the classification of spermiogram quality according to a new 6-degree scale was also established. we found, that male spermiograms in domestic pigs were characterized by a large variability both between and within breeds. the estimation of semen quality, only with regard to the mean frequency of occurrence of particular morphological forms of spermatozoa, ...	2006	17220947
low tube voltage improves computed tomography imaging of delayed myocardial contrast enhancement in an experimental acute myocardial infarction model.	we sought to evaluate the influence of tube voltage on the visualization of acute myocardial infarction (mi) in cardiac multislice spiral computed tomography (msct).	2007	17220730
structure traits of longissimus lumborum muscle in wild boar/domestic pig hybrids.	the structure of musculus longissimus lumborum (m.l.l.) was evaluated with respect to proportion of three muscle fiber types and their diameters, in gilts and barrows of wild boar/domestic pig hybrids. the experiment was carried out on 29 hybrids (21 barrows and 8 gilts) which originated from crossing duroc sows with wild boar (sus scrofa ferus). the diameter of the "red" fibres in barrows was 48.42 microm, significantly greater than in gilts--43.71 microm. the diameters of the remaining two typ ...	2006	17220008
progenitor cells from the porcine neural retina express photoreceptor markers after transplantation to the subretinal space of allorecipients.	work in rodents has shown that cultured retinal progenitor cells (rpcs) integrate into the degenerating retina, thus suggesting a potential strategy for treatment of similar degenerative conditions in humans. to demonstrate the relevance of the rodent work to large animals, we derived progenitor cells from the neural retina of the domestic pig and transplanted them to the laser-injured retina of allorecipients. prior to grafting, immunocytochemical analysis showed that cultured porcine rpcs wide ...	2007	17218397
acetylcholine injection into the amygdala elicits vocalization in domestic pigs (sus scrofa).	in a pilot study we have injected the amygdala of five female pigs (age 8 weeks) with acetylcholine (ach, 5.5mum/20mul) and recorded short latency utterances. the evoked vocalizations displayed the characteristics of natural screams in sonagram appearance and hearing impression. quantitative analyses, too, revealed the similarity of the ach-evoked vocalizations with natural screaming. the results demonstrate for the first time that aversive vocalizations can be triggered by cholinergic amygdala ...	2007	17215052
evaluation of microporous polysaccharide hemospheres for parenchymal hemostasis during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in the porcine model.	we evaluated the efficacy of microporous polysaccharide hemospheres (mph) for parenchymal hemostasis during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (lpn) in the porcine model.	2006	17212884
subretinal posterior pole injury induces selective proliferation of rpe cells in the periphery in in vivo studies in pigs.	to study topographical differences in porcine retinal pigment epithelial (rpe) cell proliferation (1) in vivo, after experimental central surgical subretinal injury, and (2) in vitro.	2007	17197554
radiofrequency ablation of normal lungs after pulmonary artery embolization with use of degradable starch microspheres: results in a porcine model.	the present study was performed to evaluate the effect of pulmonary artery embolization on radiofrequency (rf) ablation of normal porcine lungs.	2006	17185698
running speed in mammals increases with muscle n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid content.	polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) are important dietary components that mammals cannot synthesize de novo. beneficial effects of pufas, in particular of the n-3 class, for certain aspects of animal and human health (e.g., cardiovascular function) are well known. several observations suggest, however, that pufas may also affect the performance of skeletal muscles in vertebrates. for instance, it has been shown that experimentally n-6 pufa-enriched diets increase the maximum swimming speed in sa ...	2006	17183696
genetic diversity in wild (sus scrofa scrofa) and domestic (sus scrofa domestica) pigs and their hybrids based on polymorphism of a fragment of the d-loop region in the mitochondrial dna.	we examined the variation in mitochondrial dna by sequencing the d-loop region in wild and domestic (large-white breed) pigs, in hybrids between domestic and wild pigs, and in monteiro pigs. a d-loop fragment of approximately 330 bp was amplified by pcr. sequencing of dna amplicons identified haplotypes previously described as european and asian types. monteiro pigs and wild pigs had european haplotypes and domestic pigs had both european and asian haplotypes.	2006	17183469
a history of normal plates, tables and stages in vertebrate embryology.	developmental biology is today unimaginable without the normal stages that define standard divisions of development. this history of normal stages, and the related normal plates and normal tables, shows how these standards have shaped and been shaped by disciplinary change in vertebrate embryology. the article highlights the normal plates of the development of the vertebrates edited by the german anatomist franz keibel (16 volumes, 1897-1938). these were a major response to problems in the relat ...	2007	17183461
enteric caliciviruses in domestic pigs in hungary.	caliciviruses closely related to human norovirus and sapovirus were recently detected in domestic pigs, causing discussions about the animal reservoir and the potential for zoonotic transmission to humans. to detect porcine caliciviruses, 17 fecal samples collected on two swine farms in southwestern hungary were tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. three (17.6%) samples were positive for caliciviruses. this study confirms the presence of caliciviruses, both porcine sapoviru ...	2007	17180626
differential expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptors in porcine fibroblasts cultured from skin and granulation tissue.	this study investigated the biological response of fibroblasts cultured from uninjured skin and granulation tissue from different stages of healing wounds to the three isoforms of platelet-derived growth factor. fibroblasts were derived by explant culture from the skin or the granulation tissue that formed within open mesh nylon schilling-hunt chambers (postoperative days 10, 20, 30, and 50) which had been implanted subcutaneously in the backs of domestic pigs. cells were cultured under identica ...	1996	17177826
genetic characterisation of african swine fever viruses from outbreaks in southern africa (1973-1999).	african swine fever (asf) is a highly lethal and economically significant disease of domestic pigs in the southern african sub-region, where outbreaks regularly occur. there is anecdotal evidence suggesting that trans-boundary movement of infected animals may have played a role in precipitating widespread outbreaks in the past, however, since the 1970s outbreaks have generally been more localised, particularly in those countries where control of animal movement is strictly regulated. the origin ...	2007	17174485
patent foramen ovale: standards for a preclinical model of prevalence, structure, and histopathologic comparability to human hearts.	this study evaluated and standardized a patent foramen ovale (pfo) preclinical model in gross anatomic and histopathologic features.	2007	17173313
implant-supported prosthetic applications upon development of children and adolescents: a pilot study in pigs.	the purpose of this study is the investigation of the application of implant-supported prosthetic restorations using 2 implants supporting a fixed prosthesis during the physical growth and the development period of growing pigs.	2006	17172960
different fecal shedding patterns of two common strains of hepatitis e virus at three japanese swine farms.	zoonotic infections caused by eating the meat of deer, wild boar, and pig have been suggested in japan, a country that is not epidemic for hepatitis e caused by hepatitis e virus (hev). this virus is widely spread in domestic pigs in both epidemic and non-epidemic countries. we studied fecal hev shedding patterns on three japanese farms that had two common genotype iii hev strains. two of the three farms had high shedding peaks (75% and 100%) in pigs 1-3 months of age, suggesting that these anim ...	2006	17172388
laparoscopic ice slurry coolant for renal hypothermia.	we assessed the safety and efficacy of microparticulate ice slurry for laparoscopic hypothermia during renal ischemia in a single kidney porcine model.	2007	17162095
real-time detection and alerting for acute st-segment elevation myocardial ischemia using an implantable, high-fidelity, intracardiac electrogram monitoring system with long-range telemetry in an ambulatory porcine model.	the purpose of this study was to evaluate feasibility of using real-time, high-fidelity, intracardiac electrogram monitoring from a permanently implantable ischemia detection system (iids), with long-range telemetry capability to detect st-segment shifts associated with acute or subacute coronary occlusion in a porcine model.	2006	17161264
porcine circovirus type 2 antibody detection in backyard pigs from mexico city.	pcv2 antibodies have been found in pigs from all continents. however, this finding has been mainly studied in domestic swine reared under intensive production conditions. mexico city, with a human population over 19 million in 2005, has both urban and rural areas. the pig production in its rural area is based on small family backyard farms. taking into account this rather unique form of rearing pigs, the objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence in backyard pigs from the rural ...	2007	17157886
chinese white rongchang pig does not have the dominant white allele of kit but has the dominant black allele of mc1r.	the mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (kit) and melanocortin receptor 1 (mc1r) mutations are responsible for coat color phenotypes in domestic pigs. rongchang is a chinese indigenous pig breed with a white coat color phenotype. to investigate the genetic variability of the kit and mc1r genes and their possible association with the coat color phenotype in this breed, a gene duplication and splice mutation of kit were diagnosed in a sample of 93 unrelated rongchang animals. the results show th ...	2007	17150979
differential response to transforming growth factors-beta(1) and beta(2): connective tissue deposition in animal models.	the ability of transforming growth factor (tgf)-beta(1) and tgf-beta(2) to promote connective tissue deposition were compared in different animal models. a single subcutaneous injection of tgf-beta(2) in collagen/heparin gel carrier promoted markedly more extensive development of connective tissue than tgf-beta(1) at the site of injection in both neonatal and adult mice. both tgf-beta(1) and tgf-beta(2) promoted deposition of dense and well-vascularized connective tissue matrix infiltrated with ...	1995	17147660
pharmacologic manipulation of the porcine ureter: acute impact of topical drugs on ureteral diameter and peristaltic activity.	intraluminal application of pharmacologic agents for acute ureteral dilation may facilitate difficult ureteroscopy. we characterized the in-vivo effects of intraluminal application of verapamil and theophylline on ureteral peristalsis and diameter in a porcine model.	2006	17144869
a novel method of endoscopic submucosal dissection with blunt abrasion by submucosal injection of sodium carboxymethylcellulose: an animal preliminary study.	endoscopic submucosal dissection (esd), particularly the process of submucosal incision with a knife, is technically difficult and carries a high risk of perforation. submucosal injection of a viscous substance, eg, jelly, obviates the need of submucosal incision with a knife. sodium carboxymethylcellulose (scmc), known as cellulose gum, is highly viscous when dissolved in water.	2006	17140905
systematics and epidemiology of trichinella.	in this review, we describe the current knowledge on the systematics, ecology and epidemiology of trichinella and trichinellosis, and the impact of recent research discoveries on the understanding of this zoonosis. the epidemiology of this zoonosis has experienced important changes over the past two decades, especially with regard to the importance of the sylvatic cycle and the sylvatic species. outbreaks of trichinellosis due to trichinella spiralis from domestic swine, while still frequent, in ...	2006	17134656
a one-step, gel-based rt-pcr assay with comparable performance to real-time rt-pcr for detection of classical swine fever virus.	classical swine fever, a notifiable disease to the office international des epizooties (oie), is a highly contagious viral disease affecting both domestic pigs and wild boars. rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of the causing agent classical swine fever virus (csfv) is therefore essential for diagnosis and control of the disease. most protocols for gel-based pcr consist of two steps, reverse transcription followed by pcr. such a protocol is time consuming, laborious and more prone to conta ...	2007	17123637
intrathoracic pressure regulation for intracranial pressure management in normovolemic and hypovolemic pigs.	to evaluate the potential to use subatmospheric intrathoracic pressure to regulate intracranial pressure (icp) in normovolemic and hypovolemic animals, we tested the hypothesis that mechanical devices designed to reduce intrathoracic pressure will decrease icp in a dose-related manner. an inspiratory impedance threshold device was used in spontaneously breathing animals and an intrathoracic pressure regulator was attached to a positive pressure ventilator and used in apneic animals: both devices ...	2006	17114984
analysis of expressed sequence tags from skeletal muscle-specific cdna library of chinese native xiang pig.	a longissimus dorsi muscle cdna library of xiang pig was constructed, and 131 randomly isolated clones were sequenced in this study. the results of bioinformatics analysis showed that 131 ests represented 109 unique clones sequences, of which 99 showed homology to previously identified genes in humans or other mammals, 3 matched other uncharacterized expressed sequence tags (ests), and 7 showed no significant matches to sequences already present in dna databases. no protein matches were found fo ...	2006	17112969
[the histogenesis of interrenal primordium of the adrenal gland in pig (sus domestica)].	using light, electron microscopy and cytochemistry, the early (embryonic week 4-8) stages of adrenal gland (ag) development were studied in domestic pig. the interrelations between the cells of the fetal cortex (fc) and chromaffin cells (cc) were traced. at week 5, ag primordium is represented by fc, which consists of the epithelioid cells, with the ingrowing neural cords containing cc islets. starting at the early embryonic period and up to fetal period, cc and interrenal cells of fc are closel ...	2006	17111663
bilateral intra-annular spinal compressive stresses in vivo.	the purpose of this pilot study was to determine if compressive stresses in the annulus of the intervertebral disc vary with activity in a quadruped and are affected by treatment with an implant. pilot in vivo tests were conducted on skeletally immature domestic pigs (approved by iacuc). one pair of sensors was implanted within the annulus of t10-11, and the second pair at t8-9. a staple was them implanted across the right side of t8-9. wires were routed subcutaneously and exited at the dorsal c ...	2006	17108458
the use of a micro-bubble contrast agent to allow visualization of the biliary tree.	micro-bubble contrast agents have been used as contrast agents in the vascular system to allow visualization of blood flow by ultrasound. we examined the use of this type of contrast agent for visualization of bile duct by ultrasound. a laparotomy was performed on a domestic farm pig and the common bile duct was cannulated with a 20 gauge catheter. the contrast agent, perflutren lipid microspheres (definity), was injected in different dilutions. sonographic images were obtained by scanning direc ...	2006	17100724
noninfectious complications due to vascular access ports (vaps) in yucatan minipigs (sus scrofa domestica).	vascular access ports (vaps) for studies requiring intermittent or continuous infusion and frequent sampling are well accepted and widely used in large animal species. however, the use of medical devices such as vaps to facilitate sample collection can lead to complications. noninfectious complications of vap implantation can result from thrombotic or mechanical obstructions, other mechanical problems, and animal-associated complications. to facilitate our research, we surgically implanted vaps ...	2006	17089988
prevalence of streptococcus suis genotypes in wild boars of northwestern germany.	invasive serotype 2 (cps2+) strains of streptococcus suis cause meningitis in pigs and humans. four case reports of s. suis meningitis in hunters suggest transmission of s. suis through the butchering of wild boars. therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of potentially human-pathogenic s. suis strains in wild boars. s. suis was isolated from 92% of all tested tonsils (n=200) from wild boars. a total of 244 s. suis isolates were genotyped using pcr assays for the ...	2007	17085699
a paleolithic diet confers higher insulin sensitivity, lower c-reactive protein and lower blood pressure than a cereal-based diet in domestic pigs.	a paleolithic diet has been suggested to be more in concordance with human evolutionary legacy than a cereal based diet. this might explain the lower incidence among hunter-gatherers of diseases of affluence such as type 2 diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease. the aim of this study was to experimentally study the long-term effect of a paleolithic diet on risk factors for these diseases in domestic pigs. we examined glucose tolerance, post-challenge insulin response, plasma c-reactive pro ...	2006	17081292
the effects of ropivacaine at clinically relevant doses on myocardial ischemia in pigs.	a major risk associated with bupivacaine during myocardial ischemia is ventricular fibrillation. we investigated the influence of ropivacaine on cardiac contractility and the propensity to ventricular fibrillation before and after myocardial ischemia in a placebo-controlled pig study. anesthetized domestic pigs were administered 1 mg.kg(-1) of ropivacaine intravenously over 1 min and then 0.03 mg.kg(-1).min(-1) as a 30-min infusion, or saline. the following endpoints were measured before and aft ...	2006	17072705
effect of hypercapnia on cerebral blood flow and blood volume in pigs studied by positron emission tomography.	pigs are increasingly used as in vivo models in neuroscience, including studies using positron emission tomography. during anesthesia, cerebral blood flow (cbf) and cerebral blood volume (cbv) are mainly regulated by the partial pressure of co2 (pco2) in arterial blood. we sought to determine the effects of increased arterial pco2 (hypercapnia) on cbf and cbv in anesthetized domestic pigs. we anesthetized 4 pigs and manipulated the tidal volume of the ventilator to different pco2 levels. baselin ...	2006	17069026
changes in endocrine and neurochemical profiles in neonatal pigs prenatally exposed to increased maternal cortisol.	early life environmental factors are able to influence prenatal development and may cause structural and functional effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis and neurotransmitter systems in the offspring. these effects seem to be species specific and may depend on the period of gestation when the factors are effective. elevated maternal cortisol levels are assumed to play a crucial role as a programming factor during prenatal development. thus, the present study was performed in order ...	2006	17065404
magnetic resonance imaging of the harderian gland in piglets.	the main purpose of the present study was to investigate the value and effectiveness of functional and morphological magnetic resonance imaging (mri), in order to assess the extent of brain injury in a hypoxic-ischaemic piglet model, and further to validate that the ischaemic injury was successfully induced. in this way, we also characterized the harderian gland. mri was performed at 1.5 t in anaesthetized piglets (n = 10, 12-36 h of age). magnetic resonance perfusion and diffusion imaging were ...	2006	17062026
temporary coronary artery occlusion during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting with the new poloxamer p407 does not cause endothelial dysfunction in epicardial coronary arteries.	the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of the novel reversible thermosensitive gel poloxamer 407 for occlusion of the coronary vessel necessary for minimally invasive operations and its effects on coronary endothelium.	2006	17059936
the effect of pedicle expansion on pedicle morphology and biomechanical stability in the immature porcine spine.	biomechanical study in an animal model.	2006	17047529
nutrient losses from manure and fertilizer applications as impacted by time to first runoff event.	nutrient losses to surface waters following fertilization contribute to eutrophication. this study was conducted to compare the impacts of fertilization with inorganic fertilizer, swine (sus scrofa domesticus) manure or poultry (gallus domesticus) litter on runoff water quality, and how the duration between application and the first runoff event affects resulting water quality. fertilizers were applied at 35 kg p ha-1, and the duration between application and the first runoff event varied betwee ...	2007	17029684
[methods for investigating trichinella infections in domestic and wild animals].	trichinellosis is an important parasitic zoonosis that is caused by the intracellular nematode trichinella spp.. infection of humans occurs through consumption of raw (or undercooked) meat containing infectious larvae. in europe, meat from pork, horse, and wild boar have been identified as most important sources of trichinella infections in humans. in switzerland, both the domestic pig and wild boar population are considered free of trichinella. conversely, swiss foxes, lynxs and recently a wolf ...	2006	17024975
modification of the arterial anastomotic technique improves survival in porcine single lung transplant model.	lung transplantation is a valuable therapeutic option for selected patients with end-stage pulmonary disease. however, this treatment is complicated by ischaemia-reperfusion injury (iri) of the lung in 10-20% of the recipients. we developed an unilateral porcine lung transplant model to study iri and describe our experience with two different arterial anastomotic techniques.	2006	17017708
evaluation of baculovirus-derived recombinant 53-kda protein of trichinella spiralis for detection of trichinella-specific antibodies in domestic pigs by elisa.	the complete gene encoding the 53-kda protein derived from trichinella spiralis was cloned and expressed using a baculovirus-based system. characterization of a purified fusion protein consisting of the 53-kda protein and the glutathione s-transferase protein showed unspecific reactivity with swine pre-immune serum in both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western blot analysis. subsequently, a purified c-terminal 6xhis-tagged 53-kda protein was used in an elisa. the evaluation of th ...	2007	17016726
parenteral vaccination of domestic pigs with brucella abortus strain rb51.	to determine the immunogenicity and efficacy of brucella abortus strain rb51 (srb51) as a vaccine in domestic pigs.	2006	17014337
molecular epidemiology of trichinella spp. in three baltic countries: lithuania, latvia, and estonia.	meat of domestic pigs and wild boars has been the significant source of emerged human trichinellosis in lithuania, latvia, and estonia over the past two decades. however, there is very little known on the occurrence of trichinella spp. in main wildlife reservoirs and its transmission in domestic and sylvatic cycles in these countries. the present study demonstrated considerably higher endemicity of trichinella spp. in main sylvatic reservoirs (28.9-42% in foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs ( ...	2007	17013647
in vitro development of cloned embryos derived from miniature pig somatic cells after activation by ultrasound stimulation.	the present study was carried out to examine the activation and development of cloned embryos produced by transferring miniature pig somatic cells into enucleated farm pig oocytes after exposing to ultrasound. the rates of the pronucleus-like structure formation and polar body-like structure extrusion in embryos exposed to ultrasound did not differ from those applied electric pulses. although there was no significant difference in the blastocyst formation rates between different activation metho ...	2006	17009892
molecular identification of trichuris vulpis and trichuris suis isolated from different hosts.	trichuris suis was isolated from the cecum of two different hosts (sus scrofa domestica -- swine and sus scrofa scrofa -- wild boar) and trichuris vulpis from dogs in sevilla, spain. genomic dna was isolated and internal transcribed spacers (its)1-5.8s-its2 segment from the ribosomal dna (rdna) was amplified and sequenced using polymerase chain reaction techniques. the sequence of t. suis from both hosts was 1,396 bp in length while that of t. vulpis was 1,044 bp. its1 of both populations isolat ...	2007	17004099
efficacy and safety of right and left atrial ablations on the beating heart with irrigated bipolar radiofrequency energy: a long-term animal study.	the cox maze procedure is the most effective surgical treatment for atrial fibrillation; however, its complexity has limited its clinical utility. the purpose of this study was to simplify the procedure by using an irrigated bipolar radiofrequency ablation device on the beating heart without cardiopulmonary bypass.	2006	17000297
current trends in safety assurance for tissue grafts used in burn treatment.	the author presents a summary of current safety standards for allogeneic and xenogeneic biological skin grafts. the fundamental document relevant to allogeneic transplants, establishing the minimal level of safety guaranteed in european union states, is the european parliament and council directive (2004/23/ec) from march 31st 2004. this directive determines that grafts will be prepared by a licensed or accredited tissue bank, and that this arrangement must be put in place by the member states w ...	2006	16999268
burn depths evaluation based on active dynamic ir thermal imaging--a preliminary study.	proper diagnostic assessment of burn wound depth is of the highest importance in selecting the mode of burn wound treatment. several diagnostic methods--clinical and histopathological evaluation, as well as methods employing ir imaging--static thermography and active dynamic thermography (adt)--are compared on the basis of in vivo experiments conducted on three domestic pigs (23 burn wounds). adt is presented here as a new, reliable and quantitative method of assessing burn wound depth on the ba ...	2006	16997482
tissue anchors for transmural gut-wall apposition.	with the development of notes (natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery) and efforts to advance gastric reduction surgery, alternatives for robust tissue apposition apart from suturing and current mucosal clipping devices may be valuable.	2006	16996353
the responses of growing pigs to a chronic-intermittent stress treatment.	many of the stressor treatments used in animal models of depression have parallels in the normal experiences of domestic pigs. the experiment described here aimed to assess whether a chronic-intermittent stress regime caused behavioural or physiological changes, indicative of depression, in domestic pigs. ten juvenile male pigs were exposed to a social and environmental stress regime. over the stressor period, weight gain was significantly lower in test pigs than in control pigs. stress treatmen ...	2006	16982073
mitochondrial haplotypes of european wild boars with 2n = 36 are closely related to those of european domestic pigs with 2n = 38.	wild boars from western europe have a 2n = 36 karyotype, in contrast to a karyotype of 2n = 38 in wild boars from central europe and asia and in all domestic pigs. the phylogenetic status of this wild boar population is unclear, and it is not known if it has contributed to pig domestication. we have now sequenced the mtdna control region from 30 european wild boars (22 with a confirmed 2n = 36 karyotype) and six asian wild boars (two hainan and four dongbei wild boars) to address this question. ...	2006	16978174
population structure in ascaris suum (nematoda) among domestic swine in denmark as measured by whole genome dna fingerprinting.	we here analyze the population structure in the pig roundworm, ascaris suum, among domestic pigs in denmark using a whole-genome dna fingerprinting technique, "amplified fragment length polymorphism" (aflp) analysis. with these data, we can extract absolute gene frequency variance components and g-statistics for 135 independent nucleotide polymorphisms. the average proportion of total variance partitioned between jutland and zealand is less than 3% of the total variance, implying no restriction ...	2005	16970605
safety and efficacy of bioabsorbable magnesium alloy stents in porcine coronary arteries.	we aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of biobasorbable magnesium alloy stents in porcine coronary arteries. bioabsorbable magnesium stents carry the potential to overcome the limitations posed by permanent metallic stents such as chronic inflammation, late stent thrombosis, prolonged antiplatelet therapy, and artifacts when imaged by multislice-computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.	2006	16969879
season controlled reproduction of undomesticated animals.	the following article is a summary of research on the influence of season on the reproductive processes in undomesticated animals. the results presented below show: a/ an annual hormonal profile of domestic pig and wild boar crossbreed and the antioxidant blood system in the different seasons, b/ the possibility of gonadptropic hormone stimulation in chinchillas which are in diestrus or infertile, c/ the possibility of using bison's semen (collected post mortem from the epididymis) for cryoconse ...	2006	16967095
torque teno virus (ttv) is highly prevalent in the european wild boar (sus scrofa).	the present study represents the first survey of torque teno virus (ttv) prevalence in european wild boar (sus scrofa). the prevalence of two distinct ttv genogroups in 178 spanish wild boar sera from different geographic regions, management conditions, gender and age was determined by a nested pcr method. the overall prevalence of ttv genogroups was 84% (58% for genogroup 1 and 66% for genogroup 2), and differences between genogroup prevalence were observed depending on the geographical region ...	2006	16959441
inhibition of dipeptidyl-peptidase iv does not increase circulating igf-1 concentrations in growing pigs.	the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-iv (dpp-iv) inactivates a variety of bioactive peptides, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) and growth hormone releasing hormone (ghrh). inhibiting dpp-iv in order to increase circulating glp-1 is of interest as a treatment for type ii diabetes. inactivation of dpp-iv may also increase circulating ghrh, potentially enhancing growth in domestic animals. to test the hypothesis that inhibition of dpp-iv activity will influence the growth hormone/ igf-1 axis, g ...	2006	16946406
bladder augmentation with acellular dermal biomatrix in a diseased animal model.	the use of bowel for bladder augmentation is associated with many complications. we have reported that acellular dermal biomatrix can be used successfully for directing the regeneration of each key bladder wall element in healthy domestic pigs. before proposing that this material should be used in the human setting a final set of experiments using this scaffold to replace diseased bladder wall is necessary. we determined if acellular dermal biomatrix can be used to replace diseased bladder wall. ...	2006	16945628
characterization of hepatic drug-metabolizing activities of bama miniature pigs (sus scrofa domestica): comparison with human enzyme analogs.	we used various substrates and selective inhibitors of human cytochrome p450 (cyp) isozymes as probes to study the metabolism of liver microsomes from chinese bama miniature pigs. nifedipine oxidation (nod) and testosterone 6beta-hydroxylation (6beta-oht) activities were similar between human liver microsomes and those from bama miniature pigs. however, compared with those from humans, liver microsomes from bama miniature pigs showed decreased phenacetin o-deethylation, coumarin 7-hydroxylation, ...	2006	16941956
in vivo cardiovascular catheterization under real-time mri guidance.	to test the hypothesis that cardiac and coronary catheterization can be successfully performed under real-time mr guidance using a conventional x-ray angiographic catheter.	2006	16941633
marker vaccine strategies and candidate csfv marker vaccines.	classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important highly contagious disease of swine worldwide. classical swine fever virus (csfv) is its etiological agent, and the only natural hosts are domestic pigs and wild boars. although field csfv strains vary in the virulence, they all result in serious losses in pig industry. highly virulent field strains generally cause acute disease and high mortality; moderately virulent field strains raise subacute or chronic infections; postnatal infection b ...	2007	16934915
the uncoupling protein 1 gene (ucp1) is disrupted in the pig lineage: a genetic explanation for poor thermoregulation in piglets.	piglets appear to lack brown adipose tissue, a specific type of fat that is essential for nonshivering thermogenesis in mammals, and they rely on shivering as the main mechanism for thermoregulation. here we provide a genetic explanation for the poor thermoregulation in pigs as we demonstrate that the gene for uncoupling protein 1 (ucp1) was disrupted in the pig lineage. ucp1 is exclusively expressed in brown adipose tissue and plays a crucial role for thermogenesis by uncoupling oxidative phosp ...	2006	16933999
isolation and characterization of novel h3n1 swine influenza viruses from pigs with respiratory diseases in korea.	pigs can play an important role in the genetic reassortment of influenza viruses and as a reservoir for another lineage of influenza viruses that have the ability to reassort and be transmitted between species. in march and april 2006, novel h3n1 influenza a viruses were isolated from pigs with respiratory diseases at two different commercial swine farms in korea. genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the sequences of all eight viral rna segments showed that the novel h3n1 swine influenza viruses ...	2006	16928961
collagenase promotes the cellular responses to injury and wound healing in vivo.	this study focuses on the growth-promoting and migration-enhancing role that clostridial collagenase plays in vitro and in vivo.	2005	16921413
increased spatial vasa vasorum density in the proximal lad in hypercholesterolemia--implications for vulnerable plaque-development.	vasa vasorum (vv) neovascularization is associated with advanced and ruptured atherosclerotic lesions that occur predominantly within the proximal third of the lad. to investigate further the possible role of vv spatial distribution in determining this predominantly proximal location of complex lesions we analyzed the changes in vv spatial densities along the lad in early atherosclerosis.	2007	16919638
phenotype-based identification of host genes required for replication of african swine fever virus.	african swine fever virus (asfv) produces a fatal acute hemorrhagic fever in domesticated pigs that potentially is a worldwide economic threat. using an expressed sequence tag (est) library-based antisense method of random gene inactivation and a phenotypic screen for limitation of asfv replication in cultured human cells, we identified six host genes whose cellular functions are required by asfv. these included three loci, bat3 (hla-b-associated transcript 3), c1qtnf (c1q and tumor necrosis fac ...	2006	16912318
scaffold-free, engineered porcine cartilage construct for cartilage defect repair--in vitro and in vivo study.	this study introduces an implantable scaffold-free (sf) cartilage tissue construct that is composed of chondrocytes and their self-produced extracellular matrix (ecm). chondrocytes were isolated from the articular cartilages from knees of domestic pigs (2-week old) and monolayer-cultured for 3-4 days in dulbecco's modified eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum and 50 microg/ml of ascorbic acid. briefly treated with 0.25% trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta), an intact c ...	2006	16911312
absorption of the nerve agent vx (o-ethyl-s-[2(di-isopropylamino)ethyl] methyl phosphonothioate) through pig, human and guinea pig skin in vitro.	the physico-chemical properties of vx make the skin the most likely route of absorption into the human body. the development of effective medical countermeasures against such percutaneous threat agents relies on the use of appropriate animal models, as the inherent toxicity of nerve agents precludes the use of human volunteers. previous studies have characterised the mechanism of nerve agent toxicity in rodent models, however, it is generally accepted that one of the most appropriate animal mode ...	2006	16904285
demodex phylloides (acari, demodecidae) as a specific parasite of sus scrofa (mammalia, artiodactyla).	within 1994-2000, sections of skin collected from eleven areas on the body of 650 wild boars and 85 pigs living in the northern poland and in the great poland were examined. the d. phylloides infestation in the wild boar was observed to be very heavy (prevalence 32%, mean intensity 74 ind.). in contrast, the domestic pig turned out to be free of the parasite. the wild boar d. phylloides infestations are symptomless. the parasite is relatively rare in the domestic pig, although the high animal de ...	2001	16886429
quantitative pcr method for sensitive detection of ruminant fecal pollution in freshwater and evaluation of this method in alpine karstic regions.	a quantitative taqman minor-groove binder real-time pcr assay was developed for the sensitive detection of a ruminant-specific genetic marker in fecal members of the phylum bacteroidetes. the qualitative and quantitative detection limits determined were 6 and 20 marker copies per pcr, respectively. tested ruminant feces contained an average of 4.1 x 10(9) marker equivalents per g, allowing the detection of 1.7 ng of feces per filter in fecal suspensions. the marker was detected in water samples ...	0	16885315
auto-transplantation of the uterus in the domestic pig (sus scrofa): surgical technique and early reperfusion events.	to develop a method for auto-transplantation of the uterus in the pig and to evaluate the early reperfusion events after short-term cold ischemia.	2006	16882260
adaptive conditioning of skeletal muscle in a large animal model (sus domesticus).	recognition of the adaptive capacity of mammalian skeletal muscle has opened the way to a number of clinical applications. for most of these, the fast, fatigue-susceptible fibres need to be transformed stably to fast, fatigue-resistant fibres that express the 2a myosin heavy chain isoform. the thresholds for activity-induced change are size-dependent, so although the requisite patterns of electrical stimulation are known for the rabbit, in humans these same patterns would produce type 1 fibre ch ...	2006	16879597
optic nerve ph and po2: the effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibition, and metabolic and respiratory acidosis.	earlier studies have demonstrated that carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (cais) increase optic nerve oxygen tension (onpo(2)) in pigs. we hypothesized that the mechanism of this effect was either a co(2) increase or a ph decrease in tissue and blood. to test this hypothesis we investigated and compared how optic nerve ph (onph) and onpo(2) are affected by: (1) carbonic anhydrase inhibition; (2) respiratory acidosis, and (3) metabolic acidosis. we measured onph with a glass ph electrode and onpo(2) w ...	2006	16879567
retinal oximetry using intravitreal illumination.	to demonstrate spectroscopic retinal oximetry measurements on arteries and veins in swine using intravitreal illumination. retinal arterial and venous saturations are measured for a range of inspired o2 levels after pars plana vitrectomy.	2006	16877270
testis morphometry, duration of spermatogenesis, and spermatogenic efficiency in the wild boar (sus scrofa scrofa).	the wild boar is a natural inhabitant of europe, asia, and north africa and is phylogenetically the ancestor of the domestic pig. because of its phylogenetic and economic importance, this species is an interesting model for studying testis function in boars. therefore, the present study was performed to investigate the testis structure, spermatogenic cycle length, and sertoli cell (sc) and spermatogenic efficiencies in eight adult wild boars. each spermatogenic cycle lasted 9.05 days, and the to ...	2006	16870941
seasonality of reproduction in gilts and sows.	in the wild, the pig adapts her reproductive functions according to the seasonal changes in the environment, such as the ambient temperature and availability of food. like in other short day seasonal breeders, breeding season is favoured in the mid winter in order to provide the offspring with the best chances to survive four months later. seasonal changes in environment are perceived mainly by the ability of the pig to recognise seasonal changes in photoperiod. this information is mediated thro ...	2006	16866319
genetic involvement in skin wound healing and scarring in domestic pigs: assessment of molecular expression patterns in (yorkshire x red duroc) x yorkshire backcross animals.	yorkshire, red duroc, and f1 (first-generation cross) pigs heal with normal, fibroproliferative/hypercontractile, and intermediate levels of scarring, respectively. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the healing phenotype of yorkshire x f1 backcross animals, to address the molecular basis for genetic transmission of the red duroc scarring phenotype. macroscopically and histologically, full-thickness wounds on backcross animals followed the yorkshire phenotype, with one exception; the back ...	2007	16858423
effect of a short-acting no donor on bubble formation from a saturation dive in pigs.	it has previously been reported that a nitric oxide (no) donor reduces bubble formation from an air dive and that blocking no production increases bubble formation. the present study was initiated to see whether a short-acting no donor (glycerol trinitrate, 5 mg/ml; nycomed pharma) given immediately before start of decompression would affect the amount of vascular bubbles during and after decompression from a saturation dive in pigs. a total of 14 pigs (sus scrofa domestica of the strain norsk l ...	2006	16857861
first description and morphology of haemal nodes in piglets (sus scrofa domestica).	in this study, the presence of haemal nodes, previously recognised especially in ruminants, was determined for the first time in piglets. the morphology of haemal nodes located in the abdominal cavity of seven piglets was studied by gross inspection and by histological methods. haemal nodes reddish in colour and oval or round in shape were observed on the thin branches originating from the caudal and cranial mesenteric arteries. these nodes, having connection only with blood vessels, were covere ...	2006	16841752
pestiviruses in wild animals.	pestiviruses are not strictly host-species specific and can infect not only domestic but also wild animals. the most important pestivirus, csfv, infects domestic pigs and wild boars, which may cause a major problem for successful csfv eradication programmes. mainly bvdv specific antibodies have been reported in captive and free-living animals. virus has been isolated from some of these animal species, but since bvdv can contaminate cell cultures and foetal calf serum, early reports of bvdv isola ...	2006	16839713
zoonotic implications of the swine-transmitted protozoal infections.	pig production is an important part of the economy in many countries. domestic and wild pigs (sus scrofa) are susceptible to a wide range of infectious and parasitic diseases. some of these diseases are specifically limited to pigs while some of the other diseases are shared with other species of wildlife and domestic livestock. as the numbers and geographic distribution of wild and domestic swines continue to increase, it is certain that the number of contacts between these swines and domestic ...	2006	16828229
reconstructing impairment of secretory ameloblast function in porcine teeth by analysis of morphological alterations in dental enamel.	we studied the relationship between the macroscopic appearance of hypoplastic defects in the dental enamel of wild boar and domestic pigs, and microstructural enamel changes, at both the light and the scanning electron microscopic levels. deviations from normal enamel microstructure were used to reconstruct the functional and related morphological changes of the secretory ameloblasts caused by the action of stress factors during amelogenesis. the deduced reaction pattern of the secretory amelobl ...	2006	16822273
luteinization of porcine preovulatory follicles leads to systematic changes in follicular gene expression.	the lh surge initiates the luteinization of preovulatory follicles and causes hormonal and structural changes that ultimately lead to ovulation and the formation of corpora lutea. the objective of the study was to examine gene expression in ovarian follicles (n = 11) collected from pigs (sus scrofa domestica) approaching estrus (estrogenic preovulatory follicle; n = 6 follicles from two sows) and in ovarian follicles collected from pigs on the second day of estrus (preovulatory follicles that we ...	2006	16816339
multislice computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of reperfused acute myocardial infarction.	we evaluated the accuracy of in vivo delayed-enhancement multislice computed tomography (de-msct) and delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (de-mri) for the assessment of myocardial infarct size using postmortem triphenyltetrazolium chloride (ttc) pathology as standard of reference.	2006	16814660
evaluation of myocardial metabolism with microdialysis after protection with cold blood- or cold crystalloid cardioplegia. a porcine model.	there has been a considerable change in the patient population referred for cardiac surgery in the last decade. more complex and marginal patients require optimized myocardial protection. an insufficient cardioplegic procedure results in anaerobic metabolism during cardiac arrest with subsequent lactate accumulation. increased lactate level is regarded as a predictor for low cardiac output syndrome. in an acute porcine model we examined two standard cardioplegic methods. myocardial microdialysis ...	2006	16798667
in planta production of two peptides of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) e2 glycoprotein fused to the coat protein of potato virus x.	classical swine fever (csfv) is one of the most important viral infectious diseases affecting wild boars and domestic pigs. the etiological agent of the disease is the csf virus, a single stranded rna virus belonging to the family flaviviridae. all preventive measures in domestic pigs have been focused in interrupting the chain of infection and in avoiding the spread of csfv within wild boars as well as interrupting transmission from wild boars to domestic pigs. the use of plant based vaccine ag ...	2006	16792815