Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| chromosome variation in dividing protoplasts and cell suspensions of wheat. | the cytology of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) suspension lines, recycled lines (selected for high division frequency) and their dividing protoplasts, have been examined. extensive numerical and structural chromosome variation was present in all the lines. the most frequently observed chromosome numbers were around 2n=32, indicating that considerable chromosome loss from the normal wheat complement (2n=6x=42) had occurred during selection of the lines. chromosome aberrations also indicated loss ... | 1987 | 24241469 |
| electrophoretic analysis of the high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits of triticum monococcum, t. urartu, and the a genome of bread wheat (t. aestivum). | the high molecular weight (hmw) subunit composition of glutenin was analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) in the a genome of 497 diploid wheats and in 851 landraces of bread wheat. the material comprised 209 accessions of wild triticum monococcum ssp. boeoticum from greece, turkey, lebanon, armenia, iraq, and iran; 132 accessions of the primitive domesticate t. monococcum ssp. monococcum from many different germplasm collections; one accession of free ... | 1987 | 24241459 |
| gametoclonal variation detected in the nuclear ribosomal dna from doubled haploid lines of a spring wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. 'césar'). | the organization of the nuclear ribosomal dna from a parental line of wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. 'césar') and its anther-derived first cycle and second cycle doubled haploid lines has been analyzed by dna-dna molecular hybridization. restricted dna has been probed by three subclones of wheat nuclear ribosomal dna covering the entire repeat unit. no significant difference was detected in the extent of methylation of ribosomal dna of the doubled haploid lines with respect to the parental lin ... | 1987 | 24241452 |
| a novel method for increasing the frequency of somatic embryogenesis in wheat tissue culture by nacl and kcl supplementation. | the effect of nacl, kcl and licl on the growth and morphogeneis of tissue cultures originating from immature embryos of four wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and one triticale (triticosecale)varieties was investigated. the morphogenetic pathway to plant regeneration in chinese spring wheat was determined as incomplete somatic embryogenesis because the differentiation and subsequent germination of the shoot apices happened in the early phase of embryo development. culture medium supplemented by nacl ... | 1988 | 24241416 |
| heat modification of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase by temperature pretreatment of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. | the effect of low-, ambient- and high-temperature pretreatments (48 h at 4° c, 20° c or 36° c) of wheat seedlings (spring wheat triticum aestivum l., cv. kolibri) on the solubility properties of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubpcase; ec 4.1.1.39) was studied. the extractable protein moiety of heat-pretreated plants exhibited increased solubility in dilute buffer (50 mm k-phosphate, ph 6.8), compared with protein extracted from 4° c- or 20° c-plants. the salting-out characteri ... | 1985 | 24241320 |
| the membranes of slowly drought-stressed wheat seedlings: a freeze-fracture study. | seedlings of triticum aestivum l. cv. neepawa were slowly drought-stressed by witholding water after sowing in pots. leaf extension stopped during development of the third leaf. damage was assessed by rewatering the pots and measuring regrowth; 1-5 d after growth stopped, rewatering induced significant regrowth within several hours; 6-13 d after growth stopped, regrowth was delayed; from 14 d after growth stopped, no regrowth occurred after rewatering. leaf bases were excised from the drought-st ... | 1985 | 24241306 |
| chromosomal location of isozyme and seed storage protein genes in dasypyrum villosum (l.) candargy. | the zymogram phenotypes of glucose-phosphate isomerase (gpi), alcohol dehydrogenase-1 (adh-1), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (got), superoxide dismutase (sod), lipoxygenase (lpx), esterase (est) and the banding patterns of gliadin and glutenin seed storage proteins were determined for triticum aestivum cv. 'chinese spring' (cs), dasypyrum villosum, the octoploid amphiploid t. aestivum cv. 'chinese spring' d. villosum (cs × v) (2n=8x=56; aabbddvv), and for five cs-d. villosum disomic additi ... | 1987 | 24241293 |
| nor loci analysis in progenies of plants regenerated from the scutellar callus of bread-wheat : a molecular approach to evaluate somaclonal variation. | progenies of plants regenerated from scutellar callus of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were analysed for the organization of the intergenic spacer of the rrna genes, located at the sites of the nucleolar organizer region (nor loci). sexual progenies derived from the regenerated plants of three wheat cultivars were subjected to this analysis. the respective dnas were digested with the restriction endonuclease taqi, and probed with a specific rdna fragment by southern blothybridization. the i ... | 1987 | 24241291 |
| the peroxidase isozymes of the wheat kernel: tissue and substrate specificity and their chromosomal location. | peroxidase isozymes were studied in the triticum aestivum l. kernel and in nullisomic-tetrasomic and ditelocentric combinations of 'chinese spring' wheat. analyses were carried out on different parts of dry kernels (embryo plus scutellum and endosperm) using polyacrylamide and starch gel electrophoresis, different electrophoretic buffer systems and various staining methods. the peroxidase isozymes showed a low substrate-specificity and a high tissue-specificity. the embryo plus scutellum and the ... | 1987 | 24241194 |
| cytogenetic analysis of structural rearrangements in three varieties of common wheat, triticum aestivum. | the winter wheat varieties 'starke' and 'cappelle desprez' and the spring wheat 'chinese spring' were analysed for structural chromosome rearrangements that resulted in the formation of multivalents in f1 hybrids. the analyses were carried out using hybrids involving euploids, monosomic and ditelosomic stocks, and double-monotelodisomic constructs. the study confirmed that 'cappelle desprez' differs from 'chinese spring' in a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 5b and 7b (riley et al. 1 ... | 1987 | 24241185 |
| appearance of wheat-germ agglutinin during maturation of field-grown wheat. | field-grown wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has been used as a developmental system to study the appearance of wheat-germ agglutinin during grain maturation. the lectin appears at the mid-grain growth period (30-34 days post-anthesis) and continues to be synthesised throughout the late stages of maturation and desiccation. an acidic endopeptidase activity, inhibited by pepstatin-phenanthroline is present in extracts of embryo and endosperm throughout maturation. after in-vivo labelling of immature ... | 1985 | 24241143 |
| tagetitoxin affects plastid development in seedling leaves of wheat. | ultrastructural and biochemical approaches were used to investigate the mode of action of tagetitoxin, a nonhost-specific phytotoxin produced by pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis (hellmers) young, dye and wilkie, which causes chlorosis in developing - but not mature - leaves. tagetitoxin has no effect on the growth rate or morphology of developing leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. its cytological effects are limited to plastid aberrations; in both light-and dark-grown leaves treat ... | 1985 | 24241135 |
| inheritance of partial resistance to powdery mildew in spring wheat. | four spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars exhibiting partial resistance to powdery mildew induced by erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici were crossed to a common susceptible cultivar to study the inheritance of resistance. the genetic parameters contributing to resistance were estimated by generation means analyses. additive gene action was the most important genetic component of variation among generation means in all four crosses. additive by additive effects were significant in one cross ... | 1987 | 24241121 |
| genetic transfer of resistance to powdery mildew and of an associated biochemical marker from aegilops ventricosa to hexaploid wheat. | resistance to powdery mildew, caused by the fungus erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici, has been transferred from aegilops ventricosa (genomes d(v)m(v)) to hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum, abd). in two transfer lines, h-93-8 and h-93-35, the resistance gene was linked to a gene encoding protein u-1, whereas one line, h-93-33, was resistant but lacked the molecular marker, and another line, h-93-1, was susceptible but carried the gene for u-1, indicating that the original m(v) chromosome from ae. ... | 1987 | 24241120 |
| fusion characteristics of plant protoplasts in electric fields. | the electrical parameters important in the fusion of plant protoplasts aligned dielectrophoretically in high-frequency alternating electric fields have been established. protoplasts were aligned in an alternating electric field between two relatively distant (1 mm) electrodes, by dielectrophoresis induced by field inhomogeneities caused by the protoplasts themselves. this arrangement allowed ease of manipulations, large throughput and low loss of protoplasts. in analytical experiments, sufficien ... | 1985 | 24241045 |
| a somaclonal variant of wheat with additional β-amylase isozymes. | the progeny of 149 plants regenerated from tissue culture of immature wheat (triticum aestivum) embryos were screened for variation in their grain β-amylase isozyme pattern. one regenerant was found which was heterozygous for a variant pattern characterized by the presence of at least five new isozyme bands, as well as an increased intensity in existing bands in two more positions. the f2 of a homozygous variant crossed back to the parent segregated in an approximate 3∶1 ratio but resolution of ... | 1987 | 24241010 |
| cell size and chloroplast size in relation to chloroplast replication in light-grown wheat leaves. | as part of an investigation into the control of chloroplast replication the number and size of chloroplasts in mesophyll cells was examined in relation to the size of the cells. in first leaves of triticum aestivum l. and t. monococcum l. the number of chloroplasts in fully expanded mesophyll cells is positively correlated with the plan area of the cells. the linear relationship between chloroplast number per cell and cell plan area is also consistent over a fivefold range of cell size in isogen ... | 1985 | 24240966 |
| meiotic pairing and alpha-amylase phenotype in a 5b/5r(m) triticum aestivum - secale montanum translocation line in common wheat. | a 5bs/5r(m)s translocation chromosome spontaneously recovered from a 'chinese spring' - secale montanum wheat-rye telocentric 5r(m)s addition line has been identified and cytologically studied using c-banding in somatic and meiotic cells. analysis of the translocated chromosome showed that a terminal segment of the short arm of 5b had been replaced by a short terminal region of chromosome arm 5r(m)s. the translocation led to the deletion of the genetic system promoting pairing located in 5bs, wh ... | 1986 | 24240757 |
| chromosomal alterations in the karyotype of triticale in comparison with the parental forms : 2. heterochromatin of the wheat chromosomes. | wheat chromosomes of the primary winter hexaploid and octoploid triticales and of the parental durum and common wheat varieties were studied using morphometric analysis. the size of some heterochromatic segments was shown to change in triticale. telomeric and intercalary c-bands both increased and decreased in size whereas centromeric bands only increased. the size variability of c-bands in triticale b-genome chromosomes decreased in most of the cases and increased only for several specific c-ba ... | 1986 | 24240749 |
| protein inhibitors of microbial proteinases from wheat, rye and triticale. | specific protein inhibitors of microbial serine proteinases were isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum l.), rye (secale cereale l.) and triticale using affinity chromatography on subtilisin-sepharose 4b. the wheat inhibitor had an isoelectric point (pi) at ph 7.2, while the rye inhibitor consisted of two forms with pi values of 6.8 and 7.1. in triticale, two components were present with pis 7.2 and 6.8. all the inhibitors had m r values of approx. 20 000. the isolated proteins were effective in ... | 1986 | 24240378 |
| monoclonal antibodies to plant plasma-membrane antigens. | murine monoclonal antibodies to membrane antigens were generated by immunization with a crude cellular membrane preparation from suspension-cultured cells of nicotiana glutinosa l. from a panel of thirteen monoclonal antibodies, seven were found to be directed against antigens present on the plasma-membrane by immunofluorescence visualization of antibody binding to the surface of isolated protoplasts. the corresponding set of plasma-membrane antigen(s) were present in root, shoot and leaf tissue ... | 1986 | 24240360 |
| wheat storage proteins: diversity of hmw glutenin subunits in wild emmer from israel : 1. geographical patterns and ecological predictability. | the diversity of hmw glutenin subunits in the tetraploid wild progenitor of wheat, triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides was studied electrophoretically in 231 individuals representing 11 populations of wild emmer from israel. the results show that (a) the two hmw glutenin loci, glu-a1 and glu-b1, are rich in variation, having 11 and 15 alleles, respectively, (b) genetic variation in hmw glutenin subunits is often severely restricted in individual populations, supporting an island population geneti ... | 1987 | 24240347 |
| aneuploid and alloplasmic lines as tools for the study of nuclear and cytoplasmic control of culture ability and regeneration of scutellar calli from common wheat. | twenty four b genome aneuploid lines (di-telosomics, nullisomic-tetrasomics and tetrasomics) of triticum aestivum cv 'chinese spring' were used in an analysis of the culture ability and regeneration capability of scutellar calli. several correlations were found between the presence or absence of specific chromosomes and chromosomal arms of the b genome of common wheat and the growth and differentiation capabilities of these calli. the rate of callus growth decreased only when the long arm of chr ... | 1987 | 24240343 |
| the inheritance of seed peroxidases of wheat and rye: further data. | further data on the inheritance of seed peroxidases of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rye (secale cereale l.) have been obtained from the genetic analysis of several progenies of both species. additional data on the inheritance and the chromosomal location and linkage have been obtained for peroxidases of wheat embryo and rye endosperm. the general presence of null alleles in peroxidase loci has been confirmed in both species. in addition to simple monogenic inheritance, epistatic se ... | 1987 | 24240338 |
| high molecular weight glutenin subunit variation in triticum turgidum var. dicoccum. | variation in high molecular weight (hmw) glutenin subunit composition among 167 accessions of dicoccum wheat (triticum turgidum l. var. dicoccum schrank) of diverse origins was investigated using one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). a total of 20 alleles were identified, and 9 of them were found to be different from those previously detected by payne and lawrence (1983 b) in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the newly discovered alleles enh ... | 1987 | 24240328 |
| modification by gibberellin of the growth-temperature relationship in mutant and normal genotypes of several cereals. | high-resolution growth measurements were conducted using a linear variable displacement transformer in conjunction with a temperature-programmed meristem-cooling collar. chilling and rewarming profiles were determined for a range of gramineae, in the presence and absence of varying concentrations of gibberellic acid (ga3). in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings, the growth-constraining temperature (pe) was progressively lowered by increasing ga3 concentration, with a difference of-4.8°c betwe ... | 0 | 24240305 |
| the relationship between carbon-dioxide-limited photosynthetic rate and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate-carboxylase content in two nuclear-cytoplasm substitution lines of wheat, and the coordination of ribulose-bisphosphate-carboxylation and electron-transport capacities. | photosynthesis in two cultivars of triticum aestivum was compared with photosynthesis in two lines having the same nuclear genomes but with cytoplasms derived from t. boeoticum. the in-vitro specific activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubpcase; ec 4.1.1.39) isolated from lines with t. boeoticum cytoplasm was only 71% of that of normal t. aestivum. by contrast, the rubpcase activities calculated from the co2-assimilation rate at low partial pressures of co2, p(co2), were the same ... | 1986 | 24240303 |
| wheat protoplast culture: embryogenic colony formation from protoplasts. | wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv chinese spring) protoplasts were isolated from immature embryos or embryogenic calli (3-4 weeks of culture on ms medium with 32 mg/1 dicamba) and cultured in r2 medium containing 2 mg/1 2,4-d by the nurse culture methods originally developed for rice protoplasts (kyozuka et al. 1987). protoplasts isolated from embryogenic calli started to divide within 3-5 days and formed colonies at frequencies up to 2% after 3-4 weeks of culture, while protoplasts isolated from i ... | 1988 | 24240258 |
| effect of population structure on protein-yield improvements in spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. em thell). | in a study designed to develop a more efficient breeding method for concurrent protein-yield improvements in wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell), 7 base populations [2 f2's, 1 intermated f2 (if2) and 4 partial backcross (pbc) populations] developed from biparental crosses involving 2 canadian hard red spring (chrs) and 2 canadian utility (cu) wheat cultivars were evaluated in winnipeg, manitoba, canada. the if2 and pbc populations were generated for comparison with conventional f2 populations ... | 1987 | 24240219 |
| variability and genetics of spacer dna sequences between the ribosomal-rna genes of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum). | using restriction enzyme digests of genomic dna extracted from the leaves of 25 hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell.) cultivars and their hybrids, restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the spacer dna which separates the ribosomal-rna genes have been examined. (from one to three thousand of these genes are borne on chromosomes 1b and 6b of hexaploid wheat). the data show that there are three distinct alleles of the 1b locus, designated nor-b1a, nor-b1b, and nor-b1c, and at leas ... | 1987 | 24240218 |
| null alleles for gliadin blocks in bread and durum wheat cultivars. | wheat gliadin proteins are coded by clusters of genes (complex loci) located on the short arms of chromosomes of homoeologous groups 1 and 6 in bread (6x) and durum (4x) wheats. the proteins expressed by the various complex loci have been designated gliadin blocks. in a survey of accessions from the germplasm institute (c.n.r., bari, italy) collection, several different accessions have been found that lack particular blocks of proteins (null alleles). in some bread wheat accessions, seeds do not ... | 1987 | 24240217 |
| chromosomal location of a k/na discrimination character in the d genome of wheat. | k/na ratios have been determined in the leaves of salt-treated plants of 14 disomic substitution lines in which each of the d-genome chromosomes replaces the homoeologous a- or b-genome chromosome in the tetraploid wheat variety langdon (aabb genome). aneuploid lines of hexaploid bread wheat (cv chinese spring) having a reduced or an enhanced complement of chromosome 4d have also been examined. these investigations show that the gene(s) determining k/na ratios in the leaves of wheat plants grown ... | 1987 | 24240213 |
| treatment with the herbicide topik induces oxidative stress in cereal leaves. | leaf disks as well as intact 7-day-old plants of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. mironovskaya 808), winter rye (secale cereale l., cv. estafeta tatarstana), and maize (zea mays l., cv. kollektivnyi 172mv), were treated with the aryloxyphenoxypropionate class herbicide topik, concentrate-emulsion (active ingredient is clodinafop-propargyl (cp), 8-800μg/l), and the effects of short-term action (up to 3h) and long-term aftereffect (up to 3days) on physiological and biochemical indices relat ... | 0 | 24238289 |
| identification and characterization of the three homeologues of a new sucrose transporter in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | sucrose transporters (suts) play important roles in regulating the translocation of assimilates from source to sink tissues. identification and characterization of new suts in economically important crops such as wheat provide insights into their role in determining seed yield. to date, however, only one sut of wheat has been reported and functionally characterized. the present study reports the isolation and characterization of a new sut, designated as tasut2, and its homeologues (tasut2a, tasu ... | 2013 | 24237613 |
| nitrate reductase-mediated early nitric oxide burst alleviates oxidative damage induced by aluminum through enhancement of antioxidant defenses in roots of wheat (triticum aestivum). | • nitric oxide (no) is an important signaling molecule involved in the physiological processes of plants. the role of no release in the tolerance strategies of roots of wheat (triticum aestivum) under aluminum (al) stress was investigated using two genotypes with different al resistances. • an early no burst at 3 h was observed in the root tips of the al-tolerant genotype jian-864, whereas the al-sensitive genotype yang-5 showed no no accumulation at 3 h but an extremely high no concentration af ... | 2014 | 24237306 |
| a chemical basis for differential allelopathic potential of sorghum hybrids on wheat. | the basis for differential allelopathic potentials among sorghum (sorghum bicolor l. moench) hybrids was investigated by conducting quantitative and qualitative studies of their phenolic contents. total phenolic content in sorghum plant parts varied within hybrids, among hybrids, and between growing seasons. inhibition of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) radicle growth was positively associated (r=0.66) with concentrations of total phenolics contained in plant parts. extracts from culms contributed ... | 1995 | 24234317 |
| efficient production of haploid wheat (triticum aestivum) through crosses between japanese wheat and maize (zea mays). | four japanese wheat varieties, three crossable and one non-crossable with hordeum bulbosum, were pollinated with maize pollen of 5 genotypes. by the application of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid after pollination, embryos kept developing on wheat plants until 14 days after pollination. the frequency of embryo formation was significantly different among the maize genotypes, varying from 18.0% to 31.9%, but not among the wheat varieties. by bagging spikes with flag leaves the frequency of embryo f ... | 1989 | 24233221 |
| chimeric gene expression using maize intron in cultured cells of breadwheat. | high voltage electrical pulses were used to introduce the cat reporter gene into cultured protoplasts of breadwheat,triticum aestivum. four dna constructs harboring the cat gene and the 35s or mannipine synthase promoter were tested for levels of cat activity 40-45 hr after electroporation of protoplasts. one construct, containing a maize intron sequence between 35s and cat sequences, conferred 30 to 185 fold greater cat activity over the other three constructs. data from these experiments sugge ... | 1989 | 24233093 |
| characterization and regeneration of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) embryogenic cell suspension cultures. | stable cell suspension cultures were established from two types of calli (one compact, nodular and embryogenic, the other friable and embryogenic) derived from cultured immature embryos of wheat (cv fla302). only aged calli, which had been subcultured for at least 5-8 months, formed suspensions comprised mainly of groups of small, round, densely cytoplasmic, starch-containing cells. only the embryogenic suspension derived from the aged, compact and nodular callus formed distinct somatic embryos ... | 1990 | 24232924 |
| recombination of r-d chromosome in pollen plants cultured from hybrid of 6x triticale x common wheat. | ninety-three pollen plants derived from the hybrid f1 of 6x triticale x common wheat were observed cytologically. the rye chromosomes presented in these plants were identified by giemsa-banding. pollen plants having chromosome constitution 2n = 24 in haploids and 2n=46 in diploids were found to be predominant. the chromosome distributions of the r and d genome are different. r chromosomes distributed randomly and tended to full combination in offspring, but d chromosomes distributed non-randomly ... | 1989 | 24232910 |
| analysis of phylogenetic relations of durum, carthlicum and common wheats by means of comparison of alleles of gliadin-coding loci. | polymorphism and inheritance of wheat storage protein, gliadin, of durum (macaroni) and carthlicum wheats have been studied. analysis of gliadin in 78 cultivars and in f2 seeds of intercultivar crosses of durum wheat revealed three different chromosome 1a-encoded blocks of components similar to those found in common wheat (gld1a2, gld1a18, gld1a19). most of the durum cultivars studied had these three blocks; gld1a2 was also frequent in common wheat. in contrast, all chromosome 1b-encoded blocks ... | 1989 | 24232907 |
| the effect of abscisic acid on cell turgor pressures, solute content and growth of wheat roots. | abscisic acid (aba) was shown to influence turgor pressure and growth in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) roots. at a concentrations of 25 mmol·m(-3), aba increased the turgor pressure of cells located within 1 cm of the tip by up to 450 kpa. at 4 to 5 cm from the root tip this concentration of aba reduced the turgor pressure of peripheral cells (epidermis and the first few cortical cell layers) to zero or close to zero while that of the inner cells was increased. increases in sap osmolality were de ... | 1987 | 24232886 |
| enhancement of phototropic response to a range of light doses in triticum aestivum coleoptiles in clinostat-simulated microgravity. | the phototropic dose-response relationship has been determined for triticum aestivum cv. broom coleoptiles growing on a purpose-built clinostat apparatus providing gravity compensation by rotation about a horizontal axis at 2 rev·min(-1). these data are compared with data sets obtained with the clinostat axis vertical and stationary, as a 1·g control, and rotating vertically to examine clinostat effects other than gravity compensation. triticum at 1·g follows the wellestablished pattern of other ... | 1987 | 24232885 |
| combined electron-spin-resonance, x-ray-diffraction studies on phospholipid vesicles obtained from cold-hardened wheats : ii. the role of free sterols. | the contents of free sterols and phospholipids in leaves of wheat, triticum aestivum l., cultivars of different frost resistances, as well as the physical state of isolated phospholipids in the presence and absence of sterols, were compared before and after hardening. there was an inverse relationship between the sterol/phospholipid ratio and frost tolerance as a consequence of both a decrease in the free sterol, and an increase in the total phospholipid content. sterol-sterol interactions were ... | 1987 | 24232837 |
| combined electron-spin-resonance, x-ray-diffraction studies on phospholipid vesicles obtained from cold-hardened wheats : i. an attempt to correlate electron-spin-resonance spectral characteristics with frost resistance. | phospholipid multibilayers, obtained from two cultivars of thermally acclimated wheats of different frost resistances (triticum aestivum l. cv. penjamo 62, the sensitive cultivar, and t. aestivum l. cv. miranovskaja 808, the frost-resistant cultivar), were investigated using electron-spin-resonance and x-ray-diffraction techniques. the former technique revealed two breaks in the motion of the spin-labelled fatty acid 2-(14-carboxyte-tradecyl)-2-ethyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-oxazolidinyloxyl, for both cul ... | 1987 | 24232836 |
| the characterization and comparative analysis of high-molecular-weight glutenin genes from genomes a and b of a hexaploid bread wheat. | two high-molecular-weight subunit (hmws) glutenin genes from the a and b genomes of the hexaploid bread wheat triticum aestivum l. cv cheyenne have been isolated and sequenced. both of these genes are of the high mr class (x-type) of hmw glutenins, and have not been previously reported. the entire set of six hmw genes from cultivar cheyenne have now been isolated and characterized. an analysis of the ax and bx sequences shows that the ax sequence is similar to the homoeologous gene from the d ge ... | 1989 | 24232803 |
| comparative performance of bread wheat and hexaploid triticale cytoplasms. | thirteen wheat-like advanced-generation triticale x wheat derivatives, having tetraploid wheat cytoplasm from triticale, were reciprocally crossed with three improved bread wheats, and the resulting f1s were evaluated for determining the comparative performance of the bread wheat and triticale cytoplasms for different traits. significant reciprocal differences in the mean performance were observed for days to heading, days to maturity, spikes/plant, flag-leaf area, peduncle length, plant height, ... | 1989 | 24232802 |
| expression of α-amylase and other gibberellin-regulated genes in aleurone tissue of developing wheat grains. | aleurone tissue from freshly harvested immature wheat grains (triticum aestivum l. cv. sappo) which is normally unresponsive to gibberellic acid can be made responsive by subjecting the tissue to a pre-incubation treatment in a simple buffered medium prior to the addition of the growth substance. the effectiveness of this treatment is dependent on grain age, with grains less than 15-20 days post anthesis failing to become converted to a responsive state whilst tissue from grains older than this ... | 1986 | 24232656 |
| production and cytogenetics of triticum aestivum l. hybrids with some rhizomatous agropyron species. | intergeneric hybrids between triticum aestivum l. and conventional rhizomatous agropyron species were produced in variable frequencies. they were recovered in high percentage frequencies for t. aestivum cultivars with a. acutum (14.6%), a. intermedium (48.0%), a. pulcherrimum (53.3%), and a. trichophorum (46.6%). the crossability percentages with the highly crossable cultivar 'chinese spring' for these agropyron species accessions were 33.12%, 65.0%, 53.3%, and 65.4%, respectively. autosyndetic ... | 1989 | 24232523 |
| identification of a 1b/1r wheat-rye chromosome translocation. | the common wheat selection '79-4045' was identified as a wheat-rye 1b/1r chromosome translocation line, by means of c-banding patterns and test cross with 'chinese spring' double-ditelosomic line. the translocation chromosome consisted of the long arm of wheat chromosome 1b, including its centromere, and the short arm of rye chromosome 1r or tis portion. | 1989 | 24232478 |
| the cumulative effect of allelic variation in lmw and hmw glutenin subunits on dough properties in the progeny of two bread wheats. | the effects of allelic variation at gli-a1, glua3 and glu-a1 loci coding for gliadins, lmw glutenin subunits and hmw glutenin subunits on dough resistance and extensibility was analysed in 56 f2-derived f6 families from a cross between bread wheats mkr(111/8) and 'kite'. extensograph data from two sites giving widely different flour protein levels (approximately 7% and 14%) revealed that the glu-a3m and glu-a1b alleles were associated with larger effects on dough resistance and extensibility tha ... | 1989 | 24232474 |
| chromosomal location by f1 monosomic analysis of endosperm proteins in bread wheat : 2. two-dimensional fractionation of gliadins. | the gliadin components from four bread wheat cultivars: chinese spring, capelle desprez, holdfast and pane-247 and their monosomic f1s for the chromosomes of homoeologous groups 1 and 6 have been analyzed by two-dimensional (2-ph) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. chromosomal location of gliadin genes and the allelic differences were well established by analyzing the different f1 monosomic hybrids, electrophoretical patterns and differences in relative staining intensity. a new gliadin encoded ... | 1988 | 24232407 |
| chromosomal location by f1 monosomic analysis of endosperm proteins in bread wheat : 1. one-dimensional electrophoresis of glutenins and gliadins. | a new methodology to determine the chromosomal location and allelic differences of endosperm proteins in common wheat cultivars by analysis of monosomic intervarietal hybrids is reported. endosperm proteins from the common wheats chinese spring, capelle desprez, holdfast and pane 247 are studied using monosomic f1 for the chromosomes of homoeologous groups 1 and 6. the proteins were fractionated by two electrophoretical techniques, sds- and a-page. the use of monosomic offers a remarkable advant ... | 1988 | 24232358 |
| localization of wheat-germ agglutinin in developing wheat embryos and those cultured in abscisic acid. | the time course of appearance of wheat-germ agglutinin (wga) in the various embryonic tissues during embryogenesis in triticum aestivum l. was studied by sensitive immunofluorescence and peroxidase-antiperoxidase detection systems. the radicle, root cap and coleorhiza first accumulated wga in early stage ii (8-10 d post-anthesis) prior to the main period of embryo growth, while wga was found in the epiblast and coleoptile in early and late state iii, respectively. stage iii is characterized by m ... | 0 | 24232318 |
| identification of a complete set of isogenic wheat/rye d-genome substitution lines by means of giemsa c-banding. | a complete set of isogenic wheat/rye d-genome substitutions were produced by crossing an inbred line of spring rye secale cereale l. cv. "prolific" to a tetraploid wheat, the a-and b-genomes of which had previously been extracted from hexaploid wheat, triticum aestivum l. em thell. cv. "thatcher". after chromosome doubling, the derived hexaploid triticale (x triticosecale wittmack) was backcrossed to 6x "thatcher" and selection for wheat/rye substitution lines was carried out in bcf3 to bcf6 fam ... | 1988 | 24232217 |
| gene differences in heading date, height, seed weight and seed yield between two pure line varieties of triticum aestivum l. | reciprocal sets of homozygous inbred backcross lines were developed by crossing two pure line varieties (baart 46 and ramona) of triticum aestivum l., followed by two backcrosses to each of the two parent varieties, and six to eight generations of selfing. data on each inbred backcross line was obtained from twelve plots (from replications in three years). five genes were responsible for over 95% of the genetic variation for heading date. these genes had pleiotropic effects on plant height that ... | 1988 | 24232197 |
| diversity and evolution of chloroplast dna in triticum and aegilops as revealed by restriction fragment analysis. | restriction fragment analysis of chloroplast (cp) dnas from 35 wheat (triticum) and aegilops species, including their 42 accessions, was carried out with the use of 13 restriction enzymes to clarify variation in their cpdnas. fourteen fragment size mutations (deletions/insertions) and 33 recognition site changes were detected among 209 restriction sites sampled. based on these results, the 42 accessions of wheat-aegilops could be classified into 16 chloroplast genome types. most polyploids and t ... | 1988 | 24232195 |
| regulation of mesophyll photosynthesis in intact wheat leaves by cytoplasmic phosphate concentrations. | the effect of d-(+)-mannose, inorganic phosphate (pi) and mannose-6-phosphate on net mesophyll co2 assimilation rate (a) and stomatal conductance (gs) of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves was studied. the compounds were supplied through the transpiration stream of detached leaves from plants grown in sand in growth cabinets or glasshouses, with different concentrations of pi (0.25, 1.0 and 4.0 mm) supplied during growth. in all cases, 10 mm d-(+)mannose caused 40-60% reduction of a within 30 m ... | 1986 | 24232022 |
| the pattern of amyloplast dna accumulation during wheat endosperm development. | the accumulation of amyloplast dna during endosperm development was studied in two cultivars of spring wheat, triticum aestivum l. 'chinese spring' (cs) and 'spica', small and relatively larger-grained cultivars, respectively. endosperms were isolated between 9 and 45 days post anthesis (dpa) and the amyloplast dna content of endosperm nucleic-acid extracts was measured by quantitative hybridisation with a homologous chloroplast-dna probe. the endosperm cells of cs and spica accumulated amylopla ... | 1987 | 24227442 |
| calculation of leaf photosynthetic parameters from light-response curves for ecophysiological applications. | measurement of the light response of photosynthetic co2 uptake is often used as an implement in ecophysiological studies. a method is described to calculate photosynthetic parameters, such as the maximum rate of whole electron transport and dissimilative respiration in the light, from the light response of co2 uptake. examples of the light-response curves of flag leaves and ears of wheat (triticum aestivum cv. arkas) are shown. | 1987 | 24227441 |
| production and cytogenetics of hybrids of triticum aestivum x leymus innovatus. | hybrid plants were obtained between triticum aestivum (2n=6x=42, aabbdd) and leymus innovatus (2n=4x=28, jjnn) at a frequency varying from 0.4% to 1.2% of the pollinated florets. improvement of the embryo culture medium resulted in a higher frequency of embryo rescue. eight of ten hybrids had the expected chromosome number of 35 (abdjn). meiotic analysis indicated that there was no homology between the genomes of the two species. two hybrids had only 28 chromosomes. comparison of chromosome pair ... | 1989 | 24227254 |
| genetic and environmental considerations for evaluating crown position of wheat. | crown position affects winter survival of fallsown wheat (triticum aestivum l.) direct or indirect selection for crown depth has been little practiced. reports have suggested that short subcrown internode length was closely related to semidwarf plant height and that semidwarfism was related to poor emergence. this study determined the relationships among crown depth, plant height, and emergence rate index in three wheat populations. the efficiency of evaluating crown placement in the field was e ... | 1989 | 24227242 |
| isolation and identification of (3-methoxyphenyl)acetonitrile as a phytotoxin from meadowfoam (limnanthes alba) seedmeal. | ethyl ether, ethanol, and water extracts of meadowfoam (limnanthes alba hartweg ex. benth.) seedmeal were prepared and bioassayed against velvetleaf (abutilon theophrasti medicus) and wheat (triticum aestivum l. "cardinal"). both the ethyl ether and ethanol fractions, but not the water extract, inhibited velvetleaf and wheat radicle elongation. fractionation of the extracts indicated that (3-methoxyphenyl)acetonitrile (3-mpan) was the active compound from both extracts, comprising >97% of the ac ... | 1996 | 24227117 |
| improved embryoid induction and green shoot regeneration from wheat anthers cultured in medium with maltose. | anthers from spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes, including six f1 hybrids, were cultured in a modified liquid n6 medium containing either sucrose or maltose. in every case, use of maltose resulted in greater microspore callus induction and green shoot regeneration than culture in sucrose-containing medium. induction in maltose medium also allowed green shoots to be recovered from crosses that showed only a poor response in other media and from two genotypes that did not respond to mod ... | 1990 | 24227056 |
| wheat germ agglutinin in wheat seedling roots: induction by elicitors and fungi. | treatment of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings with elicitors originating from either plant or fungal cell walls induces about a 2-fold increase of wheat germ agglutinin (wga) in the roots. while the wga content in roots of healthy plants normally decreases as a function of germination time, a transient accumulation of wga could be observed in plants challenged with different fungi, including rhizoctonia solani, fusarium culmorum, pythium ultimum and neurospora crassa. peak levels in challe ... | 1990 | 24226823 |
| somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in triticum aestivum x leymus angustus f1 hybrids and the parental lines. | somatic embryos and plants were produced from cultured inflorescence and leaf segments of triticum aestivum x leymus anaustus f1 hybrids and the parental lines. inflorescences showed a better capacity for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration than leaves. leymus anaustus produced the highest number of embryogenic calli, while the hybrids were intermediate between this species and triticum aestivum. presence of 2,4-d was shown to be essential for induction and maintenance of somatic embryo ... | 1990 | 24226703 |
| wheat-germ agglutinin is synthesized as a glycosylated precursor. | the biosynthesis and processing of wheat-germ agglutinin (wga) were studied in developing wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. marshall) embryos using pulse-chase labeling, subcellular fractionation and immunocytochemistry. a substantial amount of newly synthesized wga was organelle-associated. isolation of wga on affinity columns of immobilized n-acetylglucosamine indicated that it was present in a dimeric form. when extracts from embryos pulse-labeled with [(35)s]cysteine were fractionated on an is ... | 1988 | 24226685 |
| genetic variability of leaf esterases in triticum aestivum l. 2n=6x=42. | starch gel electrophoresis with two different buffer systems and several substrates and inhibitors have been used to study the electrophoretic variability of esterases in leaves of cultivars of triticum aestivum. each one of the buffer systems showed different levels of variability, according to the electrophoretic patterns. at the same time green and etiolated leaves showed different patterns in each buffer system. the variability was dependent upon the developmental stage of the leaves. accord ... | 1990 | 24226583 |
| identification of callus types for long-term maintenance and regeneration from commercial cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | immature embryos, inflorescences, and anthers of eight commercial cultivars of triticum aestivum (wheat) formed embryogenic callus on a variety of media. immature embryos (1.0-1.5 mm long) were found to be most suitable for embryogenic callus formation while anthers responded poorly; inflorescences gave intermediate values. immature embryos of various cultivars showed significant differences in callus formation in response to 11 of the 12 media tested. no significant differences were observed wh ... | 1990 | 24226574 |
| association between dwarfing genes 'rht1' and 'rht 2' and resistance toseptoria tritici blotch in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. em thell). | differences in levels of resistance toseptoria tritici blotch were observed in plants with a specific height-reducing gene. when the gene 'rht 2' was present either as an isoline or in the progeny, a higher degree of resistance was found. the most susceptible plants were observed in populations carrying the 'rht 1' gene. associations, as determined by phenotypic correlations, were detected betweenseptoria tritici blotch and tall stature, late heading, and maturity. plants having short stature, e ... | 1990 | 24226364 |
| use of recombinant inbred lines of wheat for study of associations of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit alleles to quantitative traits : 1. grain yield and quality prediction tests. | the high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (hmw glutenin), encoded by alleles at homoeologous lociglu-a1,glu-b1, andglu-d1 on the long arms of chromosomes1a,1b, and1d of a set of f8 random recombinant inbred lines (ril) derived from the bread wheat cross anza × cajeme 71, were classified by sds-page. anza has poor breadmaking quality and hmw-glutenin subunits (payne numbers) null (glu-a1c), 7+8 (glu-b1b), and 2+12 (glu-d1a); cajeme 71 has good quality and 1 (glu-a1a), 17+18 (glu-b1i), and 5+10 ... | 1990 | 24226349 |
| genetic characterisation of a further homoeoallelic series of grain esterase loci,est-6, in wheat. | isoelectric focussing in alkaline ph gels has permitted the identification of a new homoeoallelic series of genes,est-6, encoding grain esterases in bread wheat,triticum aestivum. nullisomic analysis located these genes to the short arms of the homoeologous group 2 chromosomes. a search for polymorphism withinest-6 revealed null alleles at each ofest-a6,est-b6 andest-d6. a further homoeolocus,est-m6, is present on chromosome arm2ms ofaegilops comosa. | 1990 | 24226345 |
| somaclonal variant plants of wheat derived from mature embryo explants of three genotypes. | somaclones regenerated from three wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, glennson, pavon and pak-16171 were evaluated for variation in agronomic and morphological characters. calli were initiated from germinating seeds on linsmaier and skoog (ls) medium plus 2 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2% sucrose and 1% agar. calli were isolated and regenerated into whole plants on ls medium containing 0.1 mg/l indole - 3-acetic acid and 0.5 mg/l benzyladenine. comparisons among the somaclones and th ... | 1990 | 24226286 |
| the effects of interactions of culture environment with genotype on wheat (triticum aestivum) anther culture response. | the interactions of genotype and several variables related to culture environment, including temperature pretreatment, conditioned medium and agar concentrations were examined in a series of experiments for their effects on percent anthers producing callus and number of embryoids produced per 100 anthers scored. significant genotypic interaction was observed for both traits with all environmental variables except methods of medium conditioning. such interactions involve both changes of response ... | 1990 | 24226278 |
| the effect of parental divergence on f2 heterosis in winter wheat crosses. | in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), the development of a methodology to estimate genetic divergence between parental lines, when combined with knowledge of parental performance, could be beneficial in the prediction of bulk progeny performance. the objective of this study was to relate f2 heterosis for grain yield and its components in 116 crosses to two independent estimates of genetic divergence among 28 parental genotypes of diverse origins. genetic divergence between parents was estimate ... | 1990 | 24226225 |
| chromosomal location of adenylate kinase isozymes in triticeae species. | one system of monomeric adenylate kinase isozymes, designated adk, was observed in triticum aestivum and in five diploid triticeae species. the gene loci adk-a, adk-b and adk-d were located on 7al, 7bl and 7dl triticum aestivum cv "chinese spring" chromosomal arms, respectively. adk gene loci were also located on the 7rl chromosomal arm of secale cereale cv "ailés", the 7h chromosome of hordeum vulgare cv "betzes", 7x of agropyron intermedium, 7e of elytrigia elongata and csu-e of aegilops umbel ... | 1990 | 24226212 |
| determination of endogenous abscisic acid levels in immature cereal embryos during in vitro culture. | levels of endogenous abscisic acid (aba) in immature wheat (triticum aestivum cv. timmo) and barley (hordeum vulgare cv. golden promise) embryos have been determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. embryos of both cereal species showed an increase in aba content during development on the parent plant. immature embryos were excised and cultured in vitro on nutrient media that led to precocious germination or on media containing 9% (w/v) mannitol that maintained their developmental arrest. b ... | 1988 | 24226187 |
| a novel intergeneric hybrid in the triticeae: triticum aestivum x psathyrost achys juncea. | two hybrid embryos of intergeneric origin between triticum aestivum cv fukuho (2n=6x=42, aabbdd) and psathyrostachys juncea (2n=2x=14, nn) were successfully rescued. one hybrid plant had the expected chromosome number of 28 (abdn), whereas the second plant had 35 chromosomes. the average meiotic chromosome pairing in the 35-chromosome hybrid was 21.87 univalents + 6.38 bivalents + 0.11 trivalents + 0.009 quadrivalents, which indicates that two copies of the n genome were present. chromosome pair ... | 1990 | 24226118 |
| nitrate reductases in hexaploid and tetraploid wheats and aegilops. | nitrate reductase activity (nr activity), protein content (nr protein) and polypeptides were compared in shoots of triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare (l.) cv fidel (bread wheat, aabbdd genome), triticum dicoccum cv vernal (aabb genome), aegilops squarrosa var. strangulata (dd genome) and the amphiploid 365 (aabbdd genome), produced by crossing t. dicoccum cv vernal and ae. squarrosa var. strangulata. constitutive nr protein and activity were found in shoots of all seedlings grown without nitrate, wi ... | 1990 | 24226112 |
| gibberellin modulation of phosphatidyl-choline turnover in wheat aleurone tissue. | phosphatidyl choline (pc) is synthesised in wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. flanders) aleurone tissue during early germination when new endomembranes are being formed. although gibberellic acid does not ostensibly affect pc levels, it inhibits the incorporation of choline and differentially and specifically modulates the turnover of the n-methyl and methylene carbons of the choline headgroup of pc. gibberellic acid has no effect on turnover of the phosphate moiety of either pc or the other major ... | 1987 | 24226069 |
| nuclear and cytoplasmic gene control of resistance to loose smut (ustilago tritici (pers.) rostr.) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | using disomic chromosome substitution lines based on the susceptible wheat cultivar 'chinese spring', loose smut resistance of wheat cultivars 'hope' and 'thatcher' was shown to be conferred in each case by a single dominant major gene carried on chromosome 7 a ('hope') or 7 b ('thatcher'). partial resistance was determined by genes on an additional eight 'hope' or seven 'thatcher' chromosomes, and similarities were evident between the partial resistance genotypes of'hope' and 'thatcher'. 'chine ... | 1989 | 24226026 |
| nuclear genes affecting albinism in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) anther culture. | inheritance of the ability to respond in wheat anther culture was studied from 6×2 reciprocal crosses between six varieties with high and two varieties with low capacity for green plant formation and their parents, replicated in two environments. effects of genotypes dominated embryo formation and percentages of green plants, accounting for 78.4% and 85.4% of total variation, respectively, while smaller genetic effects were indicated for regeneration. nuclear genes could explain almost all the g ... | 1989 | 24226023 |
| evidence for cytoplasmic control of in vitro microspore embryogenesis in the anther culture of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | anthers were cultured from two sets of seven lines of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) with different cytoplasms, the euplasmic nucleus donors, 'siete cerros 66' and 'penjamo 62', as well as their six alloplasmic lines derived from wild relative species of the genera triticum and aegilops. significant cytoplasmic and nuclear effects but no cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction were found for embryogenic anther response, with the best performance of 'penjamo 62' in ae. kotschyi cytoplasm. plant r ... | 1989 | 24226021 |
| control of tissue culture response in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the ability of immature embryos of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) to respond to tissue culture has been shown to involve the group 2 chromosomes. the available group 2 ditelosomic and nullisomic-tetrasomic lines of 'chinese spring' wheat were used to determine the chromosome arm location and chromosome dosage effect associated with the expression of tissue culture response (tcr). significant differences were found between the aneuploid lines and the euploid control for the expression of both regen ... | 1989 | 24226006 |
| extent of genetic variability of endosperm esterases in triticum aestivum l. 2n=6x=42. | genetic variability of endosperm esterase has been studied in 42 cultivars of triticum aestivum l. 2n=6x=42. different techniques, including sequential electrophoresis and electrofocusing, have been used with various substrates and esterase inhibitors. the electrophoretic patterns in each cultivar are described. chromosomal location using the nullitetrasomic and ditelosomic lines of chinese spring was carried out in order to relate and/or locate the esterase genes to specific chromosomes. most o ... | 1989 | 24225835 |
| monosomic analysis of tissue culture response in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the ability of immature embryos of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) to respond in cell culture was examined in crosses between the 'wichita' monosomic series and a highly regenerable line, 'nd7532'. segregation in disomic controls and 13 monosomic families showed a good fit to a monogenic ratio indicating a qualitative mode of inheritance. segregation in the cross involving monosomic 2d showed a high frequency of regeneration (93.6%) and high callus growth rate (1.87 g/90 days) indicating that 2d is ... | 1989 | 24225821 |
| the photosynthetic induction response in wheat leaves: net co2 uptake, enzyme activation, and leaf metabolites. | the photosynthetic induction response was studied in whole leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) following 5-min, 30-min and 10-h dark periods. after the 5-min dark treatment there was a rapid burst in the rate of photosynthesis upon illumination (half of maximum after 30s), followed by a slight decrease after 1.5 more min and then a gradual rise to the maximum rate. during this initial burst in photosynthesis, there was a rapid rise in the level of 3-phosphoglycerate (pga) and a high pga/trios ... | 1987 | 24225719 |
| acetyl-coa-carboxylase activity in normally developing wheat leaves. | in order to investigate the role of acetyl coa carboxylase (acc) in the regulation of fatty-acid biosynthesis in chloroplasts, the activities and relative amounts of the enzyme have been measured in the tissue of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves undergoing development and cellular differentiation. the total activity in the first leaves of 5- to 7-d-old plants was similar but decreased to less than half in 9-d-old plants. the activity of acc in the cells of the first leaf of 7-d-old plants dou ... | 1987 | 24225710 |
| effects of auxin and cytokinin on induction of sister chromatid exchanges in cultured cells of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | in order to know the mutagenic effects of synthetic auxins (naa, 2,4-d, and 2,4,5-t) and a cytokinin (kinetin) in vitro, sister chromatid exchanges (sces) were analyzed in cultured cells of a hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). in the ms medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 2,4-d, the mean number of sces per cell was 15.2, and per pg of dna, 0.42. no significant effect was found in the treatments of naa or 2,4-d at concentrations of 0.5-10.0 mg/l, whereas more than 2.0 mg/l of 2,4,5-t induced d ... | 1989 | 24225679 |
| heterologous expression of the wheat aquaporin gene tatip2;2 compromises the abiotic stress tolerance of arabidopsis thaliana. | aquaporins are channel proteins which transport water across cell membranes. we show that the bread wheat aquaporin gene tatip2;2 maps to the long arm of chromosome 7b and that its product localizes to the endomembrane system. the gene is expressed constitutively in both the root and the leaf, and is down-regulated by salinity and drought stress. salinity stress induced an increased level of c-methylation within the cng trinucleotides in the tatip2;2 promoter region. the heterologous expression ... | 2013 | 24223981 |
| did the house mouse (mus musculus l.) shape the evolutionary trajectory of wheat (triticum aestivum l.)? | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is one of the most successful domesticated plant species in the world. the majority of wheat carries mutations in the puroindoline genes that result in a hard kernel phenotype. an evolutionary explanation, or selective advantage, for the spread and persistence of these hard kernel mutations has yet to be established. here, we demonstrate that the house mouse (mus musculus l.) exerts a pronounced feeding preference for soft over hard kernels. when allele frequencies r ... | 2013 | 24223281 |
| improved somatic embryogenesis in wheat by partial simulation of the in-ovulo oxygen, growth-regulator and desiccation environments. | the effects of o2, growth-regulators and desiccation on callus growth and somatic embryo (embryoid) development were investigated in cultures of immature embryos of two lines of triticum aestivum l. callus and embryoid formation were induced on media that contained n(6)-furfurylamin-opurine (kinetin) and either 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid, either with or without abscisic acid (aba). cultures containing differentiated embryoids were then exposed to high concentrat ... | 1988 | 24221880 |
| estimating position-time relationships in steady-state, one-dimensional growth zones. | two methods are described for estimating position-time relationships (pathlines) in steady, one-dimensional growth zones. pathlines can be used to provide a time base for spatial data in developmental studies. the methods apply within extension-only zones (zones of growth without cell division) and require data for cell-number densities, or cumulative cell numbers, or mean cell lengths, and for the overall elongation rate of an organ. the first method ("continuous-pathline" method) can be used t ... | 1988 | 24221636 |
| starch synthesis by isolated amyloplasts from wheat endosperm. | the aim of this work was to discover which compound(s) cross the amyloplast envelope to supply the carbon for starch synthesis in grains of triticum aestivum l. amyloplasts were isolated, on a continuous gradient of nycodenz, from lysates of protoplasts of endosperm of developing grains, and then incubated in solutions of (14)c-labelled: glucose, glucose 1-phosphate, glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glycerol 3-phosphate. only gl ... | 1988 | 24221626 |
| a segment of rye chromosome 1 enhances growth and embryogenesis of calli derived from immature embryos of wheat. | the influence of the short arm of rye chromosome 1 (1rs) from secale cereale var. imperial on the growth and differentiation of callus cultures from wheat triticum aestivum var. chinese spring immature embryos was analysed. this chromosome arm was found to stimulate both embryogenesis and the rate of growth of calli. recombinant lines carrying segments of 1rs were used to delineate the regions of 1rs responsible for the tissue culture effects. the enhancement of embryogenesis and the stimulation ... | 1991 | 24221495 |
| production, morphology, and cytogenetics of triticum aestivum (l.) thell × elymus scabrus (r. br.) love intergeneric hybrids obtained by in ovulo embryo culture. | intergeneric hybrids were produced between common wheat, triticum aestivum (2n=6x=42, aabbdd), and an apomictic triticeae species, elymus scabrus (syn. agropyron scabrum) (2n=6x=42, hhssss), the first successful report of this cross. nine tiny, underdeveloped, and structureless embryos were obtained in vitro only by in ovulo embryo culture at 4 days after pollination, which gave rise to five mature hybrid plants. all the hybrid plants were vigorous and possessed a phenotype intermediate to the t ... | 1991 | 24221449 |
| analysis of the resistance of aegilops squarrosa to the wheatgrass mildew fungus by using the gene-for-gene reationship. | pm10 and pm15, resistance genes to erysiphe graminis f. sp. agropyri, are located on the d genome of common wheat. it was determined whether or not they were carried by existing lines of the d genome donor, aegilops squarrosa, using the gene-for-gene relationship. two lines of ae. squarrosa tested (one was var. meyeri and the other was var. anathera) were susceptible to culture tk-1 of e. graminis f. sp. tritici and were highly resistant to culture ak-1 of e. graminis f. sp. agropyri. the two li ... | 1991 | 24221433 |
| the role of calcium ions in phytochrome-controlled swelling of etiolated wheat (triticum aestivum l.) protoplasts. | protoplasts from dark-grown wheat (triticum aestivum l.) maintained at a constant osmotic potential at 22°c, were found to swell upon red irradiation (r) and the effect was negated by subsequent far-red light (fr), indicating phytochrome involvement. swelling only occurred when ca(2+) ions were present in the surrounding medium, or were added within 10 min after r. furthermore, mg(2+), ba(2+) or k(+) could not replace this requirement for ca(2+). the presence of k(+) did not enhance the ca(2+)-d ... | 1988 | 24221423 |
| differences between wheat and rice in the enzymic properties of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and the relationship to photosynthetic gas exchange. | the kinetic parameters of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (rubp) carboxylase/oxygenase (ec 4.1.1.39) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rice (oryza sativa l.) were determined by rapidly assaying the leaf extracts. the respective k m and v max values for carboxylase and oxygenase activities were significantly higher for wheat than for rice. in particular, the differences in the v max values between the two species were greater. when the net activity of co2 exchange was calculated at the physiological ... | 1988 | 24221414 |
| the integration of whole-root and cellular hydraulic conductivities in cereal roots. | the hydraulic conductivities of excised whole root systems of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. atou) and of single excised roots of wheat and maize (zea mays l. cv. passat) were measured using an osmotically induced back-flow technique. ninety minutes after excision the values for single excised roots ranged from 1.6·10(-8) to 5.5·10(-8) m·s(-1)·mpa(-1) in wheat and from 0.9·10(-8) to 4.8·10(-8) m·s(-1)·mpa(-1) in maize. the main source of variation was a decrease in the value as root length incr ... | 1988 | 24221410 |