Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| an hsv-1 vector expressing tyrosine hydroxylase causes production and release of l-dopa from cultured rat striatal cells. | in this report we demonstrate that a defective herpes simplex virus type one (hsv-1) vector can express enzymatically active tyrosine hydroxylase in cultured striatal cells that are thereby converted into l-dopa-producing cells. a human tyrosine hydroxylase cdna (form ii) was inserted into an hsv-1 vector (phsvth) and packaged into virus particles using an hsv-1 strain 17 mutant in the immediate early 3 gene (either ts k or d30eba) as helper virus. cultured fibroblasts were infected with phsvth ... | 1995 | 7830040 |
| a fast method for obtaining highly pure recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase. | recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (tk) was isolated in a fast and gentle two-step procedure from escherichia coli as a thrombin cleavable fusion protein. the tk was expressed as an inducible glutathione s-acetyl transferase fusion protein and purified in a first step by glutathione affinity chromatography. proteolytic cleavage of the column bound tk with thrombin led to a truncated enzyme, resulting from two new and hitherto unknown cleavage sites, determined by n-terminal ... | 1994 | 7827501 |
| a herpes simplex virus type 1 icp22 deletion mutant is altered for virulence and latency in vivo. | the in vivo function of the herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate early gene icp22 has been investigated in mice and guinea pigs using a deletion mutant (del22z) of hsv-1(f) that lacks all but 18 nucleotides of the icp22 coding sequence. this mutant carries the bacterial lacz gene at the site of the deletion and makes functional beta-galactosidase, but is unable to synthesize any detectable icp22 messenger rna or protein in vitro. del22z was impaired in its ability to cause death in mice followi ... | 1994 | 7826204 |
| chronic encephalitis and epilepsy (rasmussen's encephalitis): detection of cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus 1 by the polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. | we made a pathologic diagnosis of chronic encephalitis on surgical resections or autopsy material in 10 patients with intractable seizures and studied the specimens by immunohistochemistry for herpes simplex virus (hsv) 1 and 2 and cytomegalovirus (cmv) as well as by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for viral dna sequences (hsv1, hsv2, and cmv). we also assessed eight patients (nonepileptic) with pathologically documented or clinically suspected encephalitis and five resections from epileptic ... | 1995 | 7824098 |
| adhesion molecule expression and lymphocyte adhesion to cerebral endothelium: effects of measles virus and herpes simplex 1 virus. | expression of endothelial cell (ec) adhesion molecules is increased in inflammatory neurological disorders and this may regulate lymphocyte homing to the central nervous system (cns). viral encephalitis is characterised by lymphocytic infiltration of the cns and one mechanism of this response may be ec adhesion molecule induction with consequent inflammatory cell/ec binding. this report characterises the effects of herpes simplex 1 (hsv1) or measles virus (mv) infection of balb/c brain microvasc ... | 1995 | 7822475 |
| a sensitive assay system screening antiviral compounds against herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2. | a highly sensitive and accurate assay system was developed for in vitro evaluation of anti-herpes simplex virus (anti-hsv) agents using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (mtt) and human embryonic lung fibroblast (mrc-5) cells. this assay system was found to be highly sensitive for both hsv-1 and -2. confluent mrc-5 cells were infected with either hsv-1 kos strain or hsv-2 g strain of 25 tcid50 in the presence of various concentrations of test compounds. the optical den ... | 1994 | 7822458 |
| effect of protein kinase c inhibitors on the antiviral activity of human alpha interferon in herpes simplex virus-infected human neuroblastoma cells. | pretreatment of human neuroblastoma cells with an inhibitor of protein kinase c (pkc), staurosporine or h-7, prior to the addition of human alpha interferon (huifn-alpha), recombinant huifn-alpha, or recombinant huifn-beta blocked the inhibitory effect of these ifns on the release of infectious herpes simplex virus type 1 from treated cells. in addition, staurosporine blocked the inhibitory effect of huifns on the expressions of herpes simplex type 1 glycoproteins b, c, and d in treated neurobla ... | 1995 | 7815513 |
| input to the primate frontal eye field from the substantia nigra, superior colliculus, and dentate nucleus demonstrated by transneuronal transport. | the purpose of these experiments was to study the subcortical input to the frontal eye field (fef) and to determine which subcortical structures might project to the fef via pathways that contain only a single intervening synapse. we used retrograde transneuronal transport of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) to label second-order neurons that send information to the fef of cebus monkeys. the saccade region of the fef was identified physiologically using intracortical stimulation and then inje ... | 1994 | 7813649 |
| simultaneous measurement of antibodies to epstein-barr virus, human herpesvirus 6, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, and 14 enteroviruses in chronic fatigue syndrome: is there evidence of activation of a nonspecific polyclonal immune response? | as a test of the hypothesis that elevated titers of viral antibodies in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (cfs) are due to a nonspecific polyclonal immune response, antibodies to epstein-barr virus (ebv), human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6), and 14 enteroviruses in 20 patients with cfs and 20 age- and gender-matched controls were simultaneously measured. similarly, titers of igg to herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 were measured in 18 of these cases and in the respective controls. igg to ebv ... | 1994 | 7811864 |
| identification of the core residues of the epitope of a monoclonal antibody raised against glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus type 1 by screening of a random peptide library. | random peptide libraries (rpl) displayed on the surface of a filamentous bacteriophage can be used to identify peptide ligands that interact with target molecules. we have used a 15-amino acid residue rpl displayed on bacteriophage m13 to identify the core residues within the epitope of a monoclonal antibody (mab) a16 which interacts with a continuous epitope restricted to amino acid residues 9 to 19 in the n-terminal region of glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus type 1 (gd-1). the single pep ... | 1994 | 7805747 |
| varicella: pediatric genital/rectal vesicular lesions of unclear origin. | three children who presented with localized vesicular rash in the diaper area were found to have primary varicella-zoster infections. primary varicella can closely mimic genital herpes simplex virus (hsv 1 or 2), which may be an indicator of sexual abuse. to avoid unfounded investigation for sexual abuse, primary varicella-zoster infection must be included in the differential diagnosis. direct fluorescent antibody testing is a sensitive and specific diagnostic test that can be used to distinguis ... | 1995 | 7802360 |
| differentiation of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with hsv encephalitis and meningitis by stringent hybridization of pcr-amplified dnas. | differentiation of herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 in cerebrospinal fluid of 17 patients with serologically diagnosed hsv encephalitis and meningitis or acute limbic encephalitis was determined by stringent hybridization of polymerase chain reaction--amplified dnas. ten of 17 patients were positive; six with hsv 1 isolates and four with hsv 2 isolates. we detected hsv type 1 in two cases of meningitis, although meningitis is generally thought to be caused by type 2. additionally, hsv ty ... | 1994 | 7799000 |
| antiherpetic activities of n-alpha-acetyl-nona-d-arginine amide acetate. | n-alpha-acetyl-nona-d-arginine amide acetate (alx40-4c) was developed as a competitive inhibitor of the binding of the hiv tat protein to its rna target tar, which is an intracellular interaction dependent on a short, arginine-rich sequence in tat. alx40-4c is a simple mimic of that domain, which is stabilised against enzymatic degradation through inclusion of d-amino acids and terminal protection. the drug inhibits hiv-1 in vitro and is currently being assessed in vivo. in the work reported her ... | 1995 | 7796707 |
| inhibition of pseudorabies virus replication by a chimeric trans-gene product repressing transcription of the immediate-early gene. | a chimeric gene encoding a fusion protein consisting of the dna-binding domain of the immediate-early (ie) protein of pseudorabies virus (prv) and a tail-truncated vmw65 of herpes simplex virus 1, lacking the transcription activation domain, was constructed. the chimeric gene product inhibited transcription from the prv ie promoter in a transient expression assay. a hela cell line stably transformed with the chimeric gene showed remarkable resistance to prv infection. in the transformed cells in ... | 1995 | 7793065 |
| polyamines alter sequence-specific dna-protein interactions. | the polyamines are abundant biogenic cations implicated in many biological processes. despite a plethora of evidence on polyamine-induced dna conformational changes, no thorough study of their effects on the activities of sequence-specific dna binding proteins has been performed. we describe the in vitro effects of polyamines on the activities of purified, representative dna-binding proteins, and on complex protein mixtures. polyamines at physiological concentrations enhance the binding of sever ... | 1995 | 7784186 |
| expression of beta-galactosidase in neurons of dorsal root ganglia which are latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. | explanation into culture of dorsal root ganglia (drg) latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) causes reactivation of the virus. previous studies have suggested that either latency-associated transcripts (lats) were removed as an early consequence of reactivation or, alternatively, there was a population of latently infected cells which did not contain lats. we have now attempted to detect this population of neurons by inserting a reporter gene (escherichia coli lacz gene), und ... | 1995 | 7782783 |
| quiescent viral genomes in human fibroblasts after infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 vmw65 mutants. | the development and utilization of a tissue culture system for the analysis of quiescent, nonreplicating herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) genomes is described. it was demonstrated previously that the hsv-1 vmw65 mutant in1814, which is impaired for immediate early (ie) transcription, was retained for many days in human fetal lung (hfl) fibroblasts in a quiescent 'latent' state. molecular analysis of the viral genome was not possible, however, due to residual expression of ie proteins and cons ... | 1995 | 7782770 |
| protection against herpes simplex virus-induced eye disease after vaccination with seven individually expressed herpes simplex virus 1 glycoproteins. | to compare the efficacy of each of seven expressed herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) glycoproteins as vaccines to protect against ocular disease after primary ocular hsv-1 infection. | 1995 | 7775113 |
| herpes simplex virus glycoprotein k is known to influence fusion of infected cells, yet is not on the cell surface. | syncytial mutants of herpes simplex virus (hsv) cause extensive fusion of cultured cells, whereas wild-type hsv primarily causes cell rounding and aggregation. a large fraction of syncytial viruses contain mutations in the ul53 gene, which encodes glycoprotein k (gk). previously, we demonstrated that wild-type and syncytial forms of gk are expressed at similar levels and possess identical electrophoretic mobilities. using immunofluorescence, we show that gk is not transported to the surfaces of ... | 1995 | 7769723 |
| pseudorabies virus epo is functionally homologous to varicella-zoster virus orf61 protein and herpes simplex virus type 1 icpo. | pseudorabies virus (prv) early protein o (epo) is the homolog of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 61 (orf61) protein and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) icpo. a prv epo deletion mutant grows poorly in cell culture, suggesting that epo plays a critical role in the viral replicative cycle. in this study, we have shown that the growth defect of an epo deletion mutant was complemented in vero cells expressing vzv orf61 protein or hsv-1 icpo. in transient expression assays prv epo, ... | 1995 | 7747481 |
| varicella-zoster virus gene 63: transcript mapping and regulatory activity. | the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) putative immediate-early (ie) protein encoded by orf63 is the homolog of hsv-1 icp-22. to further characterize orf63 and its function, northern analysis, primer extension, and s1 nuclease assays were used to map its transcripts, and transient transfection assays were performed with constructs containing orf63 or its promoter region. two transcripts were identified: a 0.9-kb transcript spans orf63 alone, and a 1.8-kb transcript reads through orf64. two prominent t ... | 1995 | 7747473 |
| the regulation of synthesis and properties of the protein product of open reading frame p of the herpes simplex virus 1 genome. | open reading frame p (orf p) maps in the inverted repeat sequence ab and b'a' flanking the long unique (ul) sequence of the herpes simplex virus 1 genome, within the sequence reported to be transcribed during latent infection of sensory neurons. both the protein and the rna were previously reported to be expressed only in cells infected with a deletion mutant or with a mutant carrying a ts lesion in the alpha 4 gene encoding the infected cell protein no. 4 (icp4), a major regulatory protein of t ... | 1995 | 7745709 |
| sendai virus and herpes virus type 1 induce apoptosis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | recent reports suggest that several viruses, besides human immunodeficiency virus, induce apoptosis in infected cells. we report here that sendai virus or herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), two potent inducers of interferon-alpha, caused cell death in a consistent number of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. a careful analysis of infected cells by different techniques, such as optical and electron microscopy, dna agarose gel electrophoresis, and cytofluorimetric analysis of dna content, ... | 1995 | 7737380 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase opposes the importance of amino acid positions 251, 321 and 348 for selective recognition of substrate analogs. | seven site-directed mutants representing step-by-step transitions from the thymidine kinase (tk) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv 1) strain f to that one of strain sc16 were constructed, recombinantly produced and kinetically characterized in order to identify which of three differences in the amino acid sequence of these two tks is/are responsible for their difference in substrate specificity. the preference of these two tks for the substrate analogs aciclovir and ganciclovir was reported to ... | 1995 | 7733991 |
| involvement of lfa-1 and icam-1 in the herpetic disease resulting from hsv-1 corneal infection. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) corneal infection in immunologically normal mice results in a transient epithelial lesion followed in about 2 weeks by a potentially blinding inflammatory response in the corneal stroma, and a mild blepharitis. similarly infected t cell-deficient mice do not develop corneal stromal inflammation, but exhibit severe periocular skin disease and succumb to viral encephalitis. the role of certain adhesion molecules in both t cell activation, and in the extravasatio ... | 1995 | 7720405 |
| a bk virus episomal vector for constitutive high expression of exogenous cdnas in human cells. | a bk virus (bkv) episomal vector (prpneocmv) was constructed for expression of cdnas under control of the cytomegalovirus (cmv) immediate-early promoter. transfection of prpneocmv for expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene in several human cell lines showed that the cmv promoter is more efficient than the hiv-1 and rsv ltrs in directing gene expression from episomal vectors. in 293 human cells prpneocmv/cat is twenty times more active in cat expression than the well known ... | 1995 | 7710358 |
| recombinants are isolated at high frequency following in vivo mixed ocular infection with two avirulent herpes simplex virus type 1 strains. | mixed infections with different strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) may result in more severe disease than infection with either strain alone. this phenomenon is important because it may facilitate the identification of virulence genes through the transfer of virulence determinants between complementing strains, and it may pose a problem in the use of attenuated hsv strains for vaccines and gene delivery vectors. in this study, we have compared the percentage of recombinants present a ... | 1995 | 7710352 |
| synergistic anti-herpes effect of tnf-alpha and ifn-gamma in human corneal epithelial cells compared with that in corneal fibroblasts. | in this study we compared how effectively the proinflammatory cytokines tnf-alpha and ifn-gamma could inhibit hsv-1 replication in human corneal tissue fragments and monolayers of epithelial cells and fibroblasts derived from intact corneas, and investigated the mechanism responsible for the inhibition. pretreatment of corneal tissue or cells derived therefrom with tnf-alpha (50 u/ml) and ifn-gamma (5 iu/ml) consistently induced a synergistic antiviral effect. inhibition of hsv-1 growth was most ... | 1994 | 7710269 |
| in vitro and in vivo anti-herpes viral activities and biological properties of cv-arau. | we compared the in vitro and in vivo antiviral effects against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and other biological properties of 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-[(e)-2-chlorovinyl]uracil (cv-arau) and 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-[(e)-2-bromovinyl]uracil (bv-arau, sorivudine). both cv-arau and bv-arau exhibited antiviral activities against hsv-1 in the cell culture derived from mouse, though the activities were lower than those seen in human cells. for intraperitoneal and intracerebral infection ... | 1994 | 7710267 |
| varicella-zoster virus gene 63 encodes an immediate-early protein that is abundantly expressed during latency. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) gene 63 encodes a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 30.5 kda which has amino acid similarities with the immediate-early (ie) protein 22 (icp-22) of herpes simplex virus type 1. in order to study the expression of this protein during lytic and latent infection, gene 63 was cloned in frame and downstream from the glutathione-s-transferase gene, expressed as a fusion protein, and purified. in vzv-infected vero cells, antibodies directed against this protein det ... | 1995 | 7707559 |
| structure and role of the terminal repeats of epstein-barr virus in processing and packaging of virion dna. | the linear virion epstein-barr virus (ebv) dna is terminated at both ends by a variable number of direct, tandemly arranged terminal repeats (trs) which are approximately 500 bp in size the number of trs at each terminus can vary. after infection of host cells, the ebv dna circularizes via the trs by an unknown mechanism, and replication of the viral dna during the lytic phase of the ebv life cycle leads to large dna concatemers which need to be cleaved into virion dna units, eventually. this cl ... | 1995 | 7707542 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 dna replication is specifically required for high-frequency homologous recombination between repeated sequences. | using an assay for recombination that measures deletion of a beta-galactosidase gene positioned between two directly repeated 350-bp sequences in plasmids transiently maintained in cos cells, we have found that replication from a simian virus 40 origin produces a high frequency of nonhomologous recombination. in contrast, plasmids replicating from a herpesvirus origin (oris) in cos cells superinfected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) show high levels of homologous recombination between t ... | 1995 | 7707536 |
| two overlapping transcription units which extend across the l-s junction of herpes simplex virus type 1. | a region of the herpes simplex virus type 1 genome located upstream of the alpha 0 promoter contains a promoter which regulates transcription in the opposite orientation to that driven by alpha 0. analyses of mutants from which this promoter, alpha x, was deleted and a mutant in which a fragment that serves as a transcription terminator and polyadenylation signal was inserted upstream of this promoter demonstrate that two distinct transcription units overlap this region of the genome and are tra ... | 1995 | 7707513 |
| the n-7-substituted acyclic nucleoside analog 2-amino-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]purine is a potent and selective inhibitor of herpesvirus replication. | 2-amino-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]purine (compound s2242) represents the first antivirally active nucleoside analog with the side chain attached to the n-7 position of the purine ring. compound s2242 strongly inhibits the in vitro replication of both herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) (50% effective concentration [ec50], 0.1 to 0.2 microgram/ml), varicella-zoster virus (ec50, 0.01 to 0.02 microgram/ml) and thymidine kinase (tk)-deficient strains of hsv (ec50, 0.4 mic ... | 1994 | 7695251 |
| identification of renal sympathetic preganglionic neurons in hamsters using transsynaptic transport of herpes simplex type 1 virus. | herpes viruses have been used as retrograde transsynaptic tracers to identify pathways from the cns to specific target tissues. we used herpes simplex virus to identify central nervous system neurons responsible for control of the kidney. herpes simplex type 1 or herpes simplex type 2 was injected into rat kidneys and herpes simplex type 1 was microinjected into hamster and guinea pig kidneys. after three to seven days, ganglia, spinal cords and brains were examined using immunohistochemistry to ... | 1993 | 7694186 |
| human herpesvirus-6 glycoprotein h and l homologs are components of the gp100 complex and the gh external domain is the target for neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. | previous studies have shown that monoclonal antibody (mab) 2e4 neutralizes infectivity of human herpesvirus-6 (hhv-6) and also inhibits virus-induced t-lymphocyte syncytia formation. here we characterize two additional mabs, 1d3 and 5e7, which have similar properties, and identify the glycoprotein targets. the mabs could immunoprecipitate and immunofluorescence glycoprotein from both a and b variant strain groups of hhv-6. in reactions with infected cells the mabs immunoprecipitated a complex of ... | 1993 | 7692666 |
| the product of the ul31 gene of herpes simplex virus 1 is a nuclear phosphoprotein which partitions with the nuclear matrix. | the nucleotide sequence of the ul31 open reading frame is predicted to encode a basic protein with a hydrophilic amino terminus and a nuclear localization signal. to identify its gene product, we constructed a viral genome in which the thymidine kinase gene was inserted between the ul31 and ul32 open reading frames. the thymidine kinase gene was then deleted, and in the process, the 5' terminus of the ul31 open reading frame was replaced with a 64-bp sequence in frame with the complete, authenti ... | 1993 | 7692079 |
| induction of interleukin-8 gene expression is associated with herpes simplex virus infection of human corneal keratocytes but not human corneal epithelial cells. | interleukin-8 (il-8) is a proinflammatory cytokine released at sites of tissue damage by various cell types. one important function of il-8 is to recruit neutrophils into sites of inflammation and to activate their biological activity. stromal keratitis induced by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) is characterized by an initial infiltration of neutrophils. this study was carried out to determine whether cells resident in the cornea synthesize il-8 after virus infection. pure cultures of epithe ... | 1993 | 7687302 |
| herpes simplex virus icp0 and icp4 immediate early proteins strongly enhance expression of a retrovirus harboured by a leptomeningeal cell line from a patient with multiple sclerosis. | a leptomeningeal cell line (lm7) harbouring an unknown retrovirus was recently isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with multiple sclerosis. however, spontaneous expression of the lm7 retrovirus in this primary culture is quite low. we present results showing that in vitro infection of lm7 cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), but not that of control cells, results in (i) potent stimulation of the specific reverse transcriptase (rt) activity detected in the culture supern ... | 1993 | 7678635 |
| methotrexate potentiates anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 activity of e-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine. | the pharmacologic of induction of low level of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dntp) is a novel approach to combined inhibition of virus replication. in accordance with this concept the alteration of antiherpes activity of e-5-(2-bromovinyl-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) in combination with methotrexate (mtx), an inhibitor which lowers the intracellular pool of thymidine triphosphate (dttp) was studied. mtx applied alone at non-toxic concentrations had a moderate effect on herpes simplex virus type 1 ... | 1995 | 7676937 |
| novel (e)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine derivatives as potential cytostatic agents against herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene transfected tumors. | (e)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (ivdu), its 2'-fluoro-substituted derivatives ivfru (with fluorine in the ribo configuration), ivfau (with fluorine in the ara configuration), and the corresponding 3'-chemical delivery system (cds), or 3'-o-(1-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridyl-3-carbonyl)- substituted derivatives ivdu-cds, ivfru-cds and ivfau-cds were evaluated for their cytostatic activity against wild-type (fm3a/o), thymidine kinase (tk)-deficient (fm3a/tk-), and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) ... | 1995 | 7671107 |
| long-term behavioral recovery in parkinsonian rats by an hsv vector expressing tyrosine hydroxylase. | one therapeutic approach to treating parkinson's disease is to convert endogenous striatal cells into levo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa)-producing cells. a defective herpes simplex virus type 1 vector expressing human tyrosine hydroxylase was delivered into the partially denervated striatum of 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats, used as a model of parkinson's disease. efficient behavioral and biochemical recovery was maintained for 1 year after gene transfer. biochemical recovery included inc ... | 1994 | 7669103 |
| initial characterization of the membrane-associated form of icp4 of herpes simplex virus type 1. | the immediate-early gene product, icp4, of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) is one of the major transcriptional regulatory proteins in the virus replicative process and is localized primarily within the nucleus soon after its synthesis. earlier studies have shown that detectable amounts of icp4 are also associated with the plasma membranes of infected cells (f. yao and r. j. courtney, j. virol. 65:1516-1524, 1991). to extend our understanding of the properties of the membrane-associated icp4, ... | 1995 | 7666557 |
| inhibition of herpes simplex virus infection by negatively charged and neutral carbohydrate polymers. | different natural and semisynthetic polysaccharides were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on in vitro replication of herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2. some neutral and negatively charged carbohydrates were able to inhibit viral infection by interfering mainly with the adsorption process showing a dose-dependent relationship. their effect was shown within the concentration range of 200-0.8 micrograms/ml, and the inhibiting compounds were in order of action: dextran sulfate = sclerogl ... | 1995 | 7666126 |
| herpes simplex virus-1 replication in histiotypic rotation-mediated reaggregated murine brain. | inbred mouse strains exhibit varying susceptibilities to severe herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1-related neurologic disease. hsv-1 replication was examined in neural tissue obtained from mouse strains susceptible (a/j, sjl), moderately resistant (balb/c), or resistant (c57bl/6) to severe hsv-1 disease. reaggregated brain cultures were prepared from mechanically dissociated fetal mouse brains maintained with constant rotation. the resulting aggregates each contain neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocyte ... | 1995 | 7666042 |
| lactoferrin inhibits herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv-1) infection to mouse cornea. | lactoferrin inhibits bacterial growth in the conjunctival sac. however, its antiviral function particularly in ocular tissue has not been reported in the literature. we studied whether lactoferrin inhibits infection of herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv-1) in vitro using vero cell monolayer. we also tested the inhibitory effect of lactoferrin on hsv-1 infection in the mouse cornea. lactoferrin prevented hsv-1 plaque formation. administration of topical 1% lactoferrin prior to the virus inoculation ... | 1995 | 7661698 |
| peptidomimetic inhibitors of herpes simplex virus ribonucleotide reductase: a new class of antiviral agents. | we have been investigating a new class of antiviral compounds effective against herpes simplex virus (hsv) in vitro and in vivo. antiviral activity results from inhibition of hsv ribonucleotide reductase (rr). the inhibitors are designed as mimics of the rr small subunit c-terminus, a region essential for rr subunit association and consequently enzymatic activity. inhibition results from specific binding of the inhibitor to the hsv rr large subunit thereby preventing subunit association. this re ... | 1995 | 7658449 |
| the role of ambiental agents in behçet's disease. | to evaluate the potential role of environmental agents in the etiopathogenesis of behçet's disease. | 1995 | 7655866 |
| the virion host shutoff protein of herpes simplex virus inhibits reporter gene expression in the absence of other viral gene products. | the virion host shutoff (vhs) function of herpes simplex virus induces degradation of host mrnas at early times and rapid turnover of viral mrnas throughout infection. previous studies have shown that disruption of the ul41 gene abrogates vhs activity, but have not determined whether the ul41 polypeptide is the direct inducer of mrna degradation or whether it is the only virion component required for this activity. in this paper we report that transfection of cells with ul41 inhibits expression ... | 1995 | 7645253 |
| herpesvirus of turkey recombinant viruses expressing infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) vp2 immunogen induce protection against an ibdv virulent challenge in chickens. | two recombinant herpesviruses of turkey (hvt) expressing the vp2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv or gumboro disease virus) have been constructed: vhvt001 and vhvt002. the vp2 open reading frame was inserted at the locus of the small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase gene (hsv-1 ul40 homolog) without any exogenous promoter in vhvt001 and at the locus of gl gene (hsv-1 us7 homolog) under the control of the human cytomegalovirus immediate-early promoter in vhvt002. the isolation ... | 1995 | 7645252 |
| influence of the host cell on the association of icp4 and icp0 with herpes simplex virus type 1. | icp4 and icp0 are two immediate-early proteins of herpes simplex virus type 1 associated with the transcriptional activation of viral genes within infected cells. previous studies in our laboratory have shown that approximately 100-200 molecules each of icp4 and icp0 are associated with the tegument region of virions purified from vero and hep-2 cells (f. yao and r. j. courtney, 1989, j. virol. 63, 3338-3344 and 1992, j. virol. 66, 2709-2716). however, other studies have shown that icp4 molecule ... | 1995 | 7645212 |
| identification of salivary proteins inhibiting herpes simplex virus 1 replication. | salivary proteins play an important role in the maintenance of the oral ecology. previous studies have indicated that human submandibular-sublingual and parotid salivas can selectively suppress the in vitro infectivity of herpes simplex virus 1. the purpose of this study was to identify the salivary components in human submandibular-sublingual saliva that modulate in vitro infectivity. assessment of the interaction of viral particles with salivary components was accomplished using an in vitro so ... | 1995 | 7644274 |
| an alternative view of t-cell receptor-mhc interaction: t-cell receptor binds transversally to the alpha-helices of the mhc molecule. | we have attempted to elucidate the relative orientation of the t-cell receptor (tcr) to the major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-antigen complex during antigen recognition, using the t-cell response to b10.a (i-ek) and b10.a(5r) (i-eb) mice to the 1-23(h) peptide derived from glycoprotein d of the herpes simplex virus. the 1-23(h)-specific t-cells derived from both b10.a and b10.a(5r) mice use the same set of v alpha genes and a different array of v beta genes. the cdr1s of these tcr beta chai ... | 1995 | 7643858 |
| altered cholesterol trafficking in herpesvirus-infected arterial cells. evidence for viral protein kinase-mediated cholesterol accumulation. | herpesvirus infection of arterial smooth muscle cells has been shown to cause cholesteryl ester (ce) accumulation. however, the effects of human herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection on cholesterol binding and internalization, intracellular metabolism, and efflux have not been evaluated. in addition, the effects of viral infection on signal transduction pathways that impact upon cholesterol metabolism have not been studied. we show in studies reported herein that hsv-1 infection of arter ... | 1995 | 7642651 |
| the dna ligands influence the interactions between the herpes simplex virus 1 origin binding protein and the single strand dna-binding protein, icp-8. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) origin binding protein, obp, is a dna helicase specifically stimulated by the viral single strand dna-binding protein, icp-8. the stimulation is dependent on direct protein-protein interactions between the c-terminal domain of obp, delta obp, and icp 8 (boehmer, p.e., craigie, m.c., stow, n.d., and lehman, i.r. (1994) j. biol. chem. 269, 29329-29334). we have now observed that this interaction is dramatically influenced by the nature of the dna ligand. sta ... | 1995 | 7642564 |
| synthesis of toddacoumaquinone, a coumarin-naphthoquinone dimer, and its antiviral activities. | toddacoumaquinone (1), a coumarin-naphthoquinone dimer, was synthesized through diels-alder reaction between 8-(1-acetoxy-3-methyl-1,3-butadienyl)-5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (15) and 2-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (5). the activities of 1 against several viruses were examined. a weak activity (ec50 = 10 micrograms/ml) was observed against hsv-1 and hsv-2, but no activity was seen against hiv-1. | 1995 | 7641303 |
| the bovine herpesvirus alpha gene trans-inducing factor activates transcription by mechanisms different from those of its herpes simplex virus type 1 counterpart vp16. | in herpes simplex virus (hsv)-infected cells, viral gene expression is initiated when the immediate-early, or alpha, genes are transactivated by the alpha gene trans-inducing factor (alpha tif), a component of the infecting virion. the protein binds to one or more recognition elements (taatgarat) in the promoters of alpha genes via interaction with the cellular proteins oct-1 and cff. the alpha tif of hsv (hsv-alpha tif) is believed to subsequently accelerate the assembly of the transcription co ... | 1995 | 7636962 |
| construction of a herpes simplex virus/varicella-zoster virus (hsv/vzv) thymidine kinase recombinant with the pathogenic potential of hsv and a drug sensitivity profile resembling that of vzv. | a recombinant of herpes simplex virus (hsv) was constructed in which the hsv thymidine kinase (tk) gene was deleted and the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) tk gene was introduced into the us5 region under the control of the human cytomegalovirus ie promoter. infection with the recombinant (r18) led to the induction of tk although the kinetics of synthesis resembled those of a 'late' gene product. the recombinant was virulent in the zosteriform mouse model with the pattern of pathogenesis similar to ... | 1995 | 7636473 |
| differential in situ hybridization for herpes simplex virus typing in routine skin biopsies. | a herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 specific recombinant plasmid probe designated ph2s3 was constructed from non-hsv-1 crossreactive regions of the hsv-2 genome. dna in situ hybridization on in vitro reconstructed tissue samples of sheep collagen matrix impregnated with herpes virus-infected human cells was used to demonstrate absence of crossreactivity of the ph2s3 probe with hsv-1 and varicella zoster virus under stringent posthybridization washing conditions. it was demonstrated that dna in s ... | 1995 | 7635926 |
| human leukocyte interferon-alpha in cream for the management of genital herpes in asian women: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. | this double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined the clinical efficacy and tolerance of human leukocyte interferon-alpha (2 x 10(6) iu/g) in hydrophilic cream to cure patients afflicted with first episodes of genital herpes. sixty patients aged 18-40 years (mean 24.5) with culture-confirmed herpes simplex genitalis, bearing 755 lesions (mean 12.6) were randomized to active and placebo groups. patients joined the study within 7 days (mean 4.1) of the manifestation of lesions. each patient was ... | 1995 | 7633951 |
| retroviral transfer of hsv1-tk gene into human lung cancer cell line. | we used a recombinant retrovirus as one of the potential vectors for human gene therapy to transfer a drug sensitivity gene into human lung cancer cells. the gene encoding the thymidine kinase (tk) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) was used as the drug sensitivity gene. the antiherpes drugs acyclovir (acv) and ganciclovir (gcv) were chosen to test the hsv1-tk activity transferred into the human lung cancer cell lines. the rationale for this approach was that acv and gcv are nucleoside analog ... | 1995 | 7633946 |
| antiviral activity of s-7hna on the infectivity and replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 in cultured cells. | the effect of sodium salt of the acid related to ester s-7 (i.e. s-7hna) on the infectivity and replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 in vero cultured cells was studied. s-7hna, at the highest concentration lacking cytotoxicity (10 mm), produced, at various inocula, a 70% inhibition of hsv-1 infectivity with respect to the plaque formation detected in control infected cultures. this inhibitory activity was substantiated by studies on progeny production. s-7hna revealed a therapeutic index h ... | 1995 | 7629555 |
| efficacy of kakkon-to, a traditional herb medicine, in herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in mice. | kakkon-to is one of the representative traditional herb medicines (kampo formulae) and has been used historically for the treatment of infectious diseases in china and japan. the efficacy of this preparation was characterised using a cutaneous herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection in mice as a model for human viral infection. kakkon-to at a dose corresponding to human use reduced significantly the mortality of hsv-1-infected mice and localised skin lesions. delayed type hypersensitivity ... | 1995 | 7623003 |
| patients with meniére's disease possess ige reacting with herpes family viruses. | to determine if patients with meniere's disease possess serum ige specific for herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1, hsv type 2, epstein-barr virus, and/or cytomegalovirus. | 1995 | 7619410 |
| comparison of a direct antigen enzyme immunoassay, herpchek, with cell culture for detection of herpes simplex virus from clinical specimens. | direct enzyme immunoassay (herpchek) was compared with culture on 21,522 specimens mainly from asymptomatic women for herpes simplex virus detection. sensitivity and specificity were 73.8 and 97.7%, respectively. the 33% detection rate by enzyme immunoassay in 5 h increased to 43% when the enzyme immunoassay was combined with culture. herpchek alone was not sensitive enough, but in combination with culture, maximum detection was achieved. | 1995 | 7615760 |
| herpetic gingivostomatitis in a 70-year-old man. | we report a case of herpetic gingivostomatitis that was remarkable because it occurred in a 70-year-old man. the patient had multiple small ulcers throughout the mouth that were culture-positive for herpes simplex virus type 1 and responded rapidly to acyclovir. whether this condition was a case of primary herpes or an unusual presentation of secondary disease was not resolved. nevertheless the case serves as a reminder that age, although it may make a diagnosis seem implausible, does not alone ... | 1995 | 7614161 |
| long-term expression in sensory neurons in tissue culture from herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) promoters in an hsv-1-derived vector. | amplicons, defective herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) vectors, were constructed to use four hsv-1 promoters, from the immediate-early (ie) 1 ie 3, ie 4/5, and late glycoprotein c (gc) genes, to regulate expression of the escherichia coli lacz gene, encoding beta-galactosidase, and packaged into infectious particles. infection of sensory neurons in vitro with amplicons containing the ie 1, ie 3, or ie 4/5 promoter resulted in stable long-term expression of beta-galactosidase from 2 to 10 weeks ... | 1995 | 7609023 |
| cloning and characterization of human recombinant antibody fab fragments specific for types 1 and 2 herpes simplex virus. | twenty-six bacterial clones producing human recombinant fab fragments specific for herpes simplex virus (hsv) antigens were obtained from an igg1k human antibody combinatorial library displayed on filamentous phage, following panning against an hsv lysate. all the fabs reacted against the hsv lysate in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and were able to recognize both type 1 and type 2 hsv in an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa). dna sequencing of the heavy chain variable regions showed tha ... | 1995 | 7603340 |
| in vitro cytotoxic activity of cord blood nk cells against herpes simplex virus type-1 infected purified human term villous cytotrophoblast. | transplacental infection of the fetus with herpes simplex virus (hsv) is associated with high morbidity. the present study was undertaken to shed light on the possible participation of the fetal immune system in the elimination of hsv from placental unit. in a chromium release assay cultured term villous trophoblast cells, regardless of infection with hsv-1, were found resistant to lysis by cord blood natural killer (cbnk) cells. in contrast to this, cbnk cells exhibited a basal level of cytotox ... | 1994 | 7598786 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 vector mediated gene transfer to muscle. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) has a broad host range although in natural human infections the virus is neurotropic, establishing latent infections in sensory neurons where the viral dna persists as an intact episome. the establishment of latency does not depend on viral replication functions, suggesting that infection of non-neuronal cells, including tissue of myogenic origin, by replication defective mutants may result in genome persistence in a similar episomal state. in this report a re ... | 1995 | 7584113 |
| inflammatory effects of gene transfer into the cns with defective hsv-1 vectors. | the use of viral vectors which infect and express genes in post-mitotic neurons is a potential strategy for the treatment of disorders affecting the central nervous system (cns). however, the inflammatory consequences of such strategies have yet to be systematically examined. preparations of non-replicating defective herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) amplicon vectors containing the lacz gene were obtained by standard methods and stereotaxically injected into the adult rat dentate gyrus (dg). t ... | 1994 | 7584093 |
| [varying sensitivity to acyclovir of different years' clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus]. | the population of types i and 2 herpes simplex viruses (hsv) to be studied consisted mainly of acyclovir-sensitive strains. in some cases acyclovir-resistant hsv strains were detected. the phenotypic profile of the acyclovir-resistant strains were shown to have low reproduction rates in tissue cultures. their antigenic character was similar to that of reference strains. several phenotypic variants concurrently isolated from the same patient differ in their reproductive properties, antigenic char ... | 1995 | 7580404 |
| herpes simplex virus in iridocorneal endothelial syndrome. | 1995 | 7575245 | |
| synthesis and antiproliferative and antiviral activity of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroarabinofuranosyl analogs of the nucleoside antibiotics toyocamycin and sangivamycin. | the glycosylation of 3,4-dicyano-2-[(ethoxymethylene)amino]pyrrole (7) with 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-alpha-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl bromide (2) furnished an anomeric mixture of nucleosides (8a,b). this mixture was separated, and the individual anomers were treated with methanolic ammonia to effect a concomitant deblocking and ring closure. this furnished both anomers of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-ara-toyocamycin (9a,b). the cyano moiety of 9b was converted to the carboxamide moiety to furnish 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro ... | 1995 | 7562946 |
| synthesis and anti-dna viral activities in vitro of certain 2,4-disubstituted-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d d pyrimidine nucleosides. | several novel 2,4-disubstituted-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d- arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines have been synthesized and evaluated for their anti-human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), anti-hepatitis b virus (hbv), and anti-herpes simplex virus (hsv) activities in vitro. these nucleosides were prepared starting from 2-amino-4-chloro-7-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro- 3,5-di-o-benzoyl-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (3), which in turn was synthesized by direct glycosylation of the sodium salt o ... | 1995 | 7562929 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus dna in spontaneous abortions from hiv-positive women using non-isotopic in situ hybridization. | the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of herpes simplex virus (hsv) endometritis in spontaneous abortions in hiv-positive women using non-isotopic in situ hybridization (nish). post-abortal endometrial curettings from 18 hiv-positive women were investigated for the presence of hsv-1 and hsv-2 dna with nish. in addition, 18 unselected post-abortal endometrial curettings in hiv-negative women were used as controls, together with samples of normal proliferative and secretory end ... | 1995 | 7562255 |
| efficacy of herpes vaccine and acyclovir (acv) in a rabbit model following intraocular inoculation of herpes simplex virus. | it has been shown that injection of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type i into the vitreous body of the eye in 18-day-old albino rabbits consistently induced encephalitis. in the untreated group the lesions followed a defined anatomical pathway in the central nervous system and produced a chronic progressive disease with 95% survival. detailed observations in the spread of hsv along the optic pathway determined the extent of damage at any given day. some of the old rabbits developed typical herpetic ... | 1995 | 7562016 |
| defective entry of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 into porcine cells and lack of infection in infant pigs indicate species tropism. | we have determined if a defect at entry of the human pathogen herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) into cultured porcine cells extends to hsv-2 and if the poor susceptibility of porcine cells for these viruses is indicative of in vivo species tropism. hsv-1 replicates poorly in swine testis (st) and other porcine cells which lack a functional non-heparan sulphate receptor(s) required for virus entry. by several criteria, st cells resist infection by either hsv-1 or hsv-2. infection can be restore ... | 1995 | 7561780 |
| immune cell infiltration and persistence in the mouse trigeminal ganglion after infection of the cornea with herpes simplex virus type 1. | following inoculation of the mouse cornea with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), the spread of virus was investigated and the types of immune cell infiltrating the trigeminal ganglion (tg) were identified in low temperature paraffin wax sections. virus antigen was first found on day 3 and was absent after day 14. early presentation of antigen to t cells may occur since increased expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii antigens, including de novo expression on satellite a ... | 1995 | 7560014 |
| the role of herpes simplex thymidine kinase expression in neurovirulence and latency in newborn vs. adult mice. | infection by standard thymidine kinase-positive (tk+) and tk- mutant herpes simplex virus (hsv) was performed in order to evaluate the role of hsv tk expression in neurovirulence and in hsv latency. in newborn mice, mortality and trigeminal ganglion (tg) hsv titer correlated (both were high) for tk+ and tk- hsv. in adult mice after tk- hsv infection they also correlated (both were low). after tk+ infection of adult mice, correlation was not present; mortality was low while hsv titer was moderate ... | 1995 | 7560011 |
| reactivation of oral-lingual herpes by chlorinated swimming pool water: a case report. | the authors describe the case of a highly stressed 36-year-old man who experienced ten or more painful episodes per year of recurrent oral-lingual herpes simplex virus 1, which were only partially responsive to acyclovir therapy for three years. a three-year diary of activities, personal stresses, concurrent infections, local trauma, and other possible psychogenic, somatogenic, and environmental events was used systematically to attempt to pair the stresses with the recurrent herpes episodes. ch ... | 1995 | 7555103 |
| search for evidence of three viral agents in radicular (periapical) cysts with immunohistochemistry. | sections from 20 paraffin-embedded radicular cysts and positive-control subjects were subjected to immunostaining procedures after treatment of the sections with polyclonal antibodies was performed to search for evidence of human papilloma virus and herpes viruses 1 and 2 in the lining epithelium. all 20 specimens examined were negative for the presence of all three viruses. | 1995 | 7552869 |
| crystal structures of the thymidine kinase from herpes simplex virus type-1 in complex with deoxythymidine and ganciclovir. | the crystal structures of thymidine kinase from herpes simplex virus type-1 complexed with its natural substrate deoxythymidine (dt) and complexed with the guanosine analogue ganciclovir have been solved. both structures are in the c222(1) crystal form with two molecules per asymmetric unit related by a non-crystallographic two-fold axis. the present models have been refined to 2.8 a and 2.2 a, with crystallographic r factors of 24.1% and 23.3% for the dt and ganciclovir complexes respectively, ... | 1995 | 7552712 |
| purine arabinonucleoside 5'-triphosphates with substituents at 2' position as substrates for dna polymerases. | analogues of arantps carrying an azido or aminogroup instead of the 2' hydroxyl exhibited substrate properties towards several mammalian and viral dna polymerases. at the same time, introduction of a bulky hydrophobic dnp group into the 2' position inactivated the compounds as substrates. hsv-1 and cmv dna polymerases were an interesting exception: they effectively incorporated the modified nucleotide residues with dnp group into the 3'-termini of the dna chain. this is a reliable distinction of ... | 1995 | 7549922 |
| effect of glycerol on intracellular virus survival: implications for the clinical use of glycerol-preserved cadaver skin. | glycerol has long been used for the preservation of skin allografts. the antimicrobial activity of glycerol has not been fully documented. this paper reports the results of an investigation of a model studying the effect of glycerol on the inactivation of intracellular viruses. two viruses--herpes simplex type i (hsv-1) and poliovirus--were cultured within human dermal fibroblasts. these intracellular viruses were incubated with 50 per cent, 85 per cent and 98 per cent glycerol at 4 degrees c an ... | 1995 | 7546258 |
| expression of bcl-2 from a defective herpes simplex virus-1 vector limits neuronal death in focal cerebral ischemia. | a process resembling programmed cell death appears to contribute to postischemic neuronal loss in several models of stroke. because the expression of the bcl-2 gene has been shown to rescue neurons from programmed cell death due to other causes, we determined whether it would be similarly neuroprotective in stroke. | 1995 | 7544927 |
| stereospecificity of human dna polymerases alpha, beta, gamma, delta and epsilon, hiv-reverse transcriptase, hsv-1 dna polymerase, calf thymus terminal transferase and escherichia coli dna polymerase i in recognizing d- and l-thymidine 5'-triphosphate as substrate. | l-beta-deoxythymidine (l-dt), the optical enantiomer of d-beta-deoxythymidine (d-dt), and l-enantiomers of nucleoside analogs, such as 5-iodo-2'-deoxy-l-uridine (l-idu) and e-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxy-l-uridine (l-bvdu), are not recognized in vitro by human cytosolic thymidine kinase (tk), but are phosphorylated by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) tk and inhibit hsv-1 proliferation in infected cells. here we report that: (i) l-dt is selectively phosphorylated in vivo to l-dtmp by hsv-1 tk and ... | 1995 | 7544886 |
| detection of virus nucleic acids by radioactive and nonisotopic in situ hybridization. | 1994 | 7534581 | |
| identification of nuclear and nucleolar localization signals in the herpes simplex virus regulatory protein icp27. | previous work has shown that the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) regulatory protein icp27 localizes to the cell nucleus and that certain mutant icp27 polypeptides localize preferentially in nucleoli. to map the signals in icp27 which mediate its nuclear localization, we identified the portions of icp27 which can direct a cytoplasmic protein, pyruvate kinase (pk), to nuclei. our results demonstrate that icp27 contains multiple nuclear localization signals (nlss) that function with differing e ... | 1995 | 7529337 |
| axonal transport of herpes simplex virions to epidermal cells: evidence for a specialized mode of virus transport and assembly. | to examine the transmission of herpes simplex virus (hsv) from axon to epidermal cell, an in vitro model was constructed consisting of human fetal dorsal root ganglia cultured in the central chamber of a dual-chamber tissue culture system separated from autologous skin explants in an exterior chamber by concentric steel cylinders adhering to the substratum through silicon grease and agarose. axons grew through the agarose viral diffusion barrier and terminated on epidermal cells in the exterior ... | 1994 | 7517552 |
| sce frequency of herpes simplex virus type i infected cells. | the effects of herpes simplex virus type i (hsv-i) on sce frequencies in human lymphocytes in vitro were investigated. sce frequencies in controls (mean +/- 1sd 5.2 +/- 1.6) and in cells exposed to the virus for 3 and 6 h (mean +/- 1sd 5.3 +/- 1.6 and 5.8 +/- 1.6 respectively) were about the same. however, cells infected for 9 to 24 h showed a significant increase of sce frequencies (p < 0.05). | 1994 | 7512205 |
| staining characteristics and antiviral activity of sulforhodamine b and lissamine green b. | fluorescein and rose bengal are dyes used routinely in the examination of the ocular surface. as part of an ongoing search for a superior ophthalmic dye with optimal specificity and sensitivity and a lack of interference with subsequent viral cultures, and as part of studies that use chemical dyes to understand better the pathophysiology of ocular surface disorders, the staining characteristics and antiviral activity of sulforhodamine b and lissamine green b were investigated. | 1994 | 7510270 |
| detection of immunoglobulin m antibodies to glycoprotein g-2 by western blot (immunoblot) for diagnosis of initial herpes simplex virus type 2 genital infections. | western blots (immunoblots) for the detection of immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies specific for herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 in patients' sera were developed. the locations of the type-specific glycoprotein g (gpg-2) of hsv-2 (92- and 140-kda forms) and glycoprotein c of hsv-1 (gpc-1), which carries mostly type-specific antigenic epitopes, were checked with specific monoclonal antibodies. western blot assays for igm antibody to gpc-1 or gpg-2 were performed after depletion of ig ... | 1993 | 7508453 |
| epitope mapping of the 273-284 region of hsv glycoprotein d by synthetic branched polypeptide carrier conjugates. | to investigate the antigenicity of a predicted epitope region of herpes simplex virus gd, peptides comprising the 273-284 sequence have been synthesized and conjugated to a branched polypeptide with polylysine backbone (poly[l-lys-(dl-alam)], ak). in order to analyze the effect of the carrier on the solution conformation of the potential peptide-epitopes, three peptides (273-284, 273-281 and 276-284) and their polypeptide conjugates were studied by cd spectroscopy in pbs or in tfe. in immunized ... | 1993 | 7504960 |
| immunogenicity in mice of tandem repeats of an epitope from herpes simplex gd protein when expressed by recombinant adenovirus vectors. | the antigenic and immunogenic potential was examined of human adenovirus type 5 (ad) recombinants carrying and expressing from one to four tandem repeats of a linear neutralizing epitope from the gd protein of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) as a fusion with the beta-galactosidase protein. the fusion proteins produced by these ad vectors in infected cell culture reacted with a herpes simplex virus (hsv) epitope-specific monoclonal antibody to a degree dependent on the number of epitope repea ... | 1993 | 7504857 |
| clinical viral infections and temporal bone histologic studies of patients with aids. | the brain, eye, and inner ear are each protected from blood-borne infectious agents by a barrier that has some anatomic and functional differences. in patients with aids, opportunistic infections of the central nervous system and eye are frequent. little is known about the incidence of middle and inner ear infections in patients with aids, but deafness and severe vertigo are uncommon. we studied 14 homosexual men with aids, aged 28 to 55 years, for 1 to 2 years until death. no patient had deafne ... | 1995 | 7501379 |
| roles of different t-cell subsets in control of herpes simplex virus infection determined by using t-cell-deficient mouse-models. | herpes simplex virus infection of the scarified dermis results in infection of the nervous system and, subsequently, a cutaneous lesion in the innervated dermatome. we compared the pathogenesis of such zosteriform lesions in mice lacking or severely depleted of cd4+ or cd8+ t cells because of targeted gene disruption. mice without cd4+ cells showed markedly increased susceptibility, whereas beta 2 microglobulin knockout mice lacking cd8+ t cells were as resistant to challenge as were immunocompe ... | 1995 | 7494346 |
| vp16 interacts via its activation domain with vp22, a tegument protein of herpes simplex virus, and is relocated to a novel macromolecular assembly in coexpressing cells. | in addition to its function as a powerful transactivator of viral immediate-early transcription, vp16 is an essential component of the herpes simplex virus (hsv) virion. as such, vp16 is introduced into cells, to effect its function in transactivation, as part of the virus tegument. here we examine the potential for vp16 protein-protein interactions specific to virus-infected cells and show that vp16 copurifies in a highly enriched fraction with a single major polypeptide which we identify as th ... | 1995 | 7494306 |
| sequestration of pml and sp100 proteins in an intranuclear viral structure during herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. | we investigated the intranuclear distribution of pml and sp100 in hela cells at the ultrastructural level and examined their relocalization in response to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection. in the absence of infection, we observed that both are components, not only of nuclear bodies, but also of interchromatin granule-associated zones, which suggests a potential role for pml and sp100 in splicing events. prolonged hsv-1 infection induced dramatic changes in nuclear organization which ... | 1995 | 7493645 |
| intracellular localisation of herpes simplex virus type 1 ribonucleotide reductase subunits during infection of cultured cells. | we have analysed the intracellular localisation of herpes simplex virus type 1 ribonucleotide reductase during infection of cultured cells by indirect immunofluorescence using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies specific for the r1 and r2 subunits. three different viruses were used to infect cells, wild-type strain 17+ and two temperature-sensitive mutants, ts 1222, which produces r1 only, and ts 1207, which expresses a normal r2 and an altered r1 that fails to interact with r2 at the nonpermis ... | 1995 | 7491785 |