Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| the chitinase system from trichomonas vaginalis as a potential target for antimicrobial therapy of urogenital trichomoniasis. | chitinolytic activities in trichomonas vaginalis membrane extracts were assessed by assays of three enzyme systems: n-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase (nahase), chitobiosidase and chitotriosidase. n-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase was the enzyme that showed the highest specific activity. after successive subcutaneous inoculations into mice and parasite recovery in culture, the enzyme activities increased significantly with the number of inoculations for up to eight passages. in addition, enzyme activit ... | 2002 | 12504272 |
| reactivity of reduced [2fe-2s] ferredoxins parallels host susceptibility to nitroimidazoles. | the kinetics of the electron transfer reaction between reduced [2fe-2s] ferredoxins and select nitroimidazole antimicrobial agents is reported. the ferredoxins from the protozoan trichomonas vaginalis and the cyanobacterium anabaena sp. strain 7120 were studied because they are the proximal electron donors to nitroimidazoles in these two organisms with significantly different nitroimidazole susceptibilities. the rates of electron transfer from anabaena ferredoxin to all nitroimidazoles were 1 to ... | 2003 | 12499206 |
| [advances in the study of trichomoniasis in men]. | trichomoniasis is an important sexually transmitted disease that is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and increased hiv transmission. infection with trichomonas vaginalis also results in local urogenital tract symptoms. standard teaching is that trichomoniasis is an important cause of vaginitis in women, but that male sexual partners experience little or no morbidity. it is worth-while to summarize critical findings in a series of articles. the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis in ... | 2002 | 12479053 |
| [retrospective microbiologic evaluation of vaginal cultures]. | vaginal culture is one of the most difficult cultures to be evaluated in clinical microbiology practice. the necessity of some expensive and complicated processes for diagnosis of some specific agents, age related variability of normal vaginal flora and failure caused by temporary presence of some pathogens in normal flora can be listed among the probable causes of that problem. in this study 8050 vaginal cultures performed in our hospital laboratories between 1 march 1999-15 september 2001 were ... | 2002 | 12476763 |
| [prevalence of associated microorganisms in genital discharge, argentina]. | there was a significant increase in the number of women demanding gynecological care in public hospital of the great buenos aires, argentina, between 1997 and 1998. it was necessary to update the prevalence of associated microorganisms in order to review the laboratory support and adjust prevention and control guidelines. | 2002 | 12471378 |
| a novel potential surface protein in trichomonas vaginalis contains a leucine-rich repeat shared by micro-organisms from all three domains of life. | 2002 | 12467987 | |
| high prevalence of neisseria gonorrhoeae and multiple sexually transmitted diseases among rural women in the eastern highlands province of papua new guinea, detected by polymerase chain reaction. | in a previous community-based study among rural women in the eastern highlands province (ehp) of papua new guinea we determined that the prevalences of trichomonas vaginalis infection, chlamydia trachomatis infection, and syphilis were 46%, 26%, and 4%, respectively. surprisingly, however, the prevalence of neisseria gonorrhoeae infection was only 1%, which we considered low in consideration of the high prevalence of other sexually transmitted diseases (stds). the aim of the current study was to ... | 2002 | 12466719 |
| chronic prostatitis caused by trichomonas vaginalis--diagnosis and treatment. | 2002 | 12462437 | |
| microbiology and management of polymicrobial female genital tract infections in adolescents. | this review describes the microbiology and management of female genital tract infections in adolescents. these infections include vulvovaginitis, vulvovaginal pyogenic infections (abscesses of bartholin's and skene's glands, infected labial inclusion cysts, labial abscesses, furunculosis, and hidradenitis), endometritis, pyometritis, salpingitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and tubo-ovarian and pelvic abscess. anaerobes can be cultured in 50% to 90% of females with a variety of genital infectio ... | 2002 | 12459228 |
| evidence for lateral transfer of genes encoding ferredoxins, nitroreductases, nadh oxidase, and alcohol dehydrogenase 3 from anaerobic prokaryotes to giardia lamblia and entamoeba histolytica. | giardia lamblia and entamoeba histolytica are amitochondriate, microaerophilic protists which use fermentation enzymes like those of bacteria to survive anaerobic conditions within the intestinal lumen. genes encoding fermentation enzymes and related electron transport peptides (e.g., ferredoxins) in giardia organisms and amebae are hypothesized to be derived from either an ancient anaerobic eukaryote (amitochondriate fossil hypothesis), a mitochondrial endosymbiont (hydrogen hypothesis), or ana ... | 2002 | 12455953 |
| antitrichomonal strains of bacillus thuringiensis. | parasporal inclusion proteins from a total of 816 bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated in japan were examined for antitrichomonal activity against trichomonas vaginalis. ten strains of b. thuringiensis inhibited the growth of t. vaginalis in 48 h cultures at 37 degrees c. moreover, the b622 and b626 strains clearly showed trichomonacidal effects against t. vaginalis. the h antigen serotypes of both strains were identified as h13/29 (pakistani/amagiensis). the parasporal inclusion protein from ... | 2002 | 12444461 |
| clinical effects of nifuratel in vulvovaginal infections. a meta-analysis of metronidazole-controlled trials. | nifuratel (cas 4936-47-4) displays a strong antiprotozoarian and antibacterial activity and is provided with certain fungicidal effect, but it is not active against the physiologic flora. its therapeutic effectiveness has been evaluated in more than 12,000 patients. the wide clinical experience with nifuratel confirms that the drug is safe and effective for the treatment of trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, candidosis, and, particularly, in patients suffering from mixed vaginal infection. a m ... | 2002 | 12442634 |
| visualization of new virus-like-particles in trichomonas vaginalis. | in the present work, we demonstrate virus-like particles (vlps) with various morphological variations in trichomonas vaginalis. the vlps were distinct based on size, shape and electron density, with vlps being either electron-dense or electron-lucent. we used electron microscopy thin sections of several t. vaginalis strains virus-infected, and also negative staining of fractions obtained after purification by cscl buoyant density gradient centrifugation. the particles observed in fractions are i ... | 2002 | 12441093 |
| an ectonucleotide atp-diphosphohydrolase activity in trichomonas vaginalis stimulated by galactose and its possible role in virulence. | this work describes the ability of living trichomonas vaginalis to hydrolyze extracellular atp (164.0 +/- 13.9 nmol pi/h x 10(7) cells). this ecto-enzyme was stimulated by zncl2, cacl2 and mgcl2, was insensitive to several atpase and phosphatase inhibitors and was able to hydrolyze several nucleotides besides atp. the activity was linear with cell density and with time for at least 60 min. the optimum ph for the t. vaginalis ecto-atpase lies in the alkaline range. d-galactose, known to be involv ... | 2002 | 12440729 |
| sexual intercourse association with asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas vaginalis treatment in relationship to preterm birth. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether sexual intercourse was associated with the treatment efficacy or the incidence of preterm birth in two large randomized trials in which metronidazole treatment of bacterial vaginosis or trichomonas vaginalis did not reduce preterm birth. | 2002 | 12439520 |
| evaluation of self-collected samples in contrast to practitioner-collected samples for detection of chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and trichomonas vaginalis by polymerase chain reaction among women living in remote areas. | self-collected samples have been shown to be an acceptable and sensitive method for the detection by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of sexually transmitted infections (stis) among women. goal the goal of the study was to compare self-collected sampling methods to conventional practitioner endocervical sampling for the pcr detection of chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae to compare two self-collected sampling methods for the detection of t vaginalis by pcr. | 2002 | 12438900 |
| 'in vitro' study of chemotherapeutic activity of sulphimidazole on some sensitive and metronidazole-resistant trichomonas vaginalis strains. | trichomonacidal treatment based on 5-nitroimidazoles is problematic both when metronidazole, the drug of choice, is ineffective owing to the presence of resistant strains and when bacterial aerobic infections are present. sulphimidazole (siz) possesses two distinct functional groups: one sulphonamide, the other 5-nitroimidazole. since siz is active against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, we set out to discover whether, in view of the presence of the 5-nitroimidazole group, it could also be effec ... | 2002 | 12419652 |
| synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activity of 5-nitrothiophene-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone derivatives. | several thiosemicarbazone derivatives of 5-nitrothiophene-2-carboxaldehyde were prepared by the simple process in which n(4)-thiosemicarbazone moiety was replaced by aliphatic, arylic and cyclic amine. among these thiosemicarbazones compound 11 showed significant antiamoebic activity whereas compound 3 was more active antitrichomonal than the reference drug. | 2002 | 12419387 |
| gang involvement and the health of african american female adolescents. | to examine the association between gang involvement and female adolescents' health. | 2002 | 12415063 |
| does contraceptive method change the pap smear finding? | the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of various types of contraceptives on morphological finding of pap smear results. pap smear results of 7,753 fertile women who presented to 15 different family planning services in fars province (south of iran) were analyzed according to their methods of contraception. the population consisted of 2241 women who used intrauterine device (iud) as a contraceptive method (group 1), 2521 women who were oral contraceptive (ocp) users (group 2) ... | 2002 | 12413619 |
| post-treatment sexual and prevention behaviours of adolescents with sexually transmitted infections. | to evaluate sexual behaviour (including abstinence), sex partner change, and condom use during the 3 month period following treatment for neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, trichomonas vaginalis, or non-gonococcal urethritis. | 2002 | 12407242 |
| predictors of infection with trichomonas vaginalis: a prospective study of low income african-american adolescent females. | to identify psychosocial predictors of trichomonas vaginalis infection among low income african-american adolescent females living in a high risk urban area of the united states. | 2002 | 12407241 |
| antimicrobial activity of dequalinium chloride against leading germs of vaginal infections. | dequalinium chloride (cas 522-51-0) and povidone iodine (cas 25655-41-8) are known as antiseptic agents and used in the local treatment of vaginal infections. clotrimazole (cas 23593-75-1) is an anti-fungal drug and applied primarily in the therapy of vulvo-vaginal candidiasis and to a lesser extent in bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis. however, antimicrobial activities of those three agents in comparison to each other have not been reported so far. to address this issue the antimicrobial a ... | 2002 | 12404886 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: observation of coexistence of multiple viruses in the same isolate. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated, parasitic protozoan that inhabits the urogenital tract of humans. some isolates of t. vaginalis are infected with a double-stranded rna (dsrna) virus, which was described in the literature as homogeneous icosahedral viral particles with an isometric symmetry and 33 nm in diameter. this study examined in detail the viral particles in t. vaginalis isolate 347 and describes a heterogeneous population of viral particles. the different dsrna viruses were only o ... | 2002 | 12399035 |
| demonstration of trichomonas vaginalis in tracheal aspirates in infants with early respiratory failure. | trichomonas vaginalis was isolated from the tracheal aspirates of two premature newborns with early respiratory failure who were delivered vaginally by mothers with t. vaginalis infection. the babies were treated successfully with antiparasitic drugs. | 2002 | 12389679 |
| biological variability in clinical isolates of trichomonas vaginalis. | eighteen clinical isolates of trichomonas vaginalis were obtained from women who attended health centers of the government of madrid. a total of 1,848 vaginal specimens recovered during the gynaecological examination were seeded in culture tubes containing liquid diamond medium. pathogenicity to mice was determined after intraperitoneal inoculation of mice by quantification of mortality and gross damage to abdominal organs. as could be expected, a broad variability was obtained, being some of th ... | 2002 | 12386717 |
| the epidemiology of vaginal colonisation with group b streptococci in a sexually transmitted disease clinic. | to determine whether group b streptococcus (gbs) infection is sexually transmitted and whether colonisation with gbs could be related to vaginal symptoms or signs. | 2002 | 12381483 |
| characterization of an ecto-phosphatase activity in the human parasite trichomonas vaginalis. | we have characterized phosphatase activity present on the external surface of trichomonas vaginalis, using intact living parasites. this enzyme hydrolyzes the substrate p-nitrophenylphosphate (p-npp) at a rate of 134.3+/-14.8 nmol pi/h per 10(7) cells. this phosphatase activity decreased by increasing the ph from 6.8 to 8.4, a ph range in which cell viability was maintained for at least 1 h. experiments using classical inhibitors of acid phosphatases, such as ammonium molybdate and sodium fluori ... | 2002 | 12375165 |
| polyamine metabolism as chemotherapeutic target in protozoan parasites. | polyamines are essential cell constituents for all organisms. the present review highlights important differences in the synthesis, degradation, and interconversion of polyamines between the protozoan parasites (trypanosoma brucei, trypanosoma cruzi, cryptosporidium parvum and trichomonas vaginalis) and their mammalian hosts. approaches include development of mono- and di-substituted polyamine analogs targeting polyamine interconversion, as well as more traditional targeting of synthetic enzymes ... | 2002 | 12370040 |
| resistance of trichomonas vaginalis infections to metronidazole in auckland sexual health clinics: report of two cases. | 2002 | 12362204 | |
| epidemiological features of women with trichomoniasis in auckland sexual health clinics: 1998-99. | to determine some epidemiological features of female sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic attendees with trichomonas vaginalis infection. | 2002 | 12362164 |
| improved detection by dna amplification of trichomonas vaginalis in males. | trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection that is highly prevalent worldwide and has been linked to preterm birth and human immunodeficiency virus acquisition. in females, trichomoniasis causes vaginitis, while in males, it is frequently asymptomatic but can be a cause of urethritis. control efforts have been hampered by the lack of a sensitive diagnostic technique for this infection in males. men attending a sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic for a new complaint were screened fo ... | 2002 | 12354865 |
| [vaginal microscopic evidence in women with symptoms of genital infection]. | vaginal living organisms have been defined as the most complete in human ecology. as many as 100 million colonies of microorganisms can live in a single ml of vaginal liquid. more common are the anaerobic types, particularly the lactobacillus and bacteroides. the low ph of the vagina, normally 4, is due to the high lactic acid content of the lactobacillus. pathogenic bacteria is inhibited at 4.5 ph. conversely, it proliferates at a high ph. the slightest alteration of this delicate equilib ... | 1985 | 12341331 |
| the vaginal flora of women in zimbabwe. | high vaginal and cervical swabs were taken from 199 pregnant women and 156 nonpregnant patients attending an std clinic in zimbabwe. trichomonas vaginalis was isolated from 31% of pregnant women and 37% of std patients. the bacterial flora in both groups was similar to that found in women from developed countries except that fecal organisms were more and lactobacilli less commonly isolated. n. gonorrheae was not isolated from any of the pregnant women, but was isolated from 13 of the std pati ... | 1983 | 12340187 |
| trachomoniasis in imo state, nigeria: a first report. | the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis infection in imo state of nigeria is reported and adds to the meagre knowledge on its distribution in the country. the study (august 1978-march 1981) is based on 794 high vaginal swabs (hvs), 178 male urethral swabs (mus) and 5883 male and female urine samples obtained from out-patients at the owerri general hospital as well as 447 hvs from adult out-patients from holy rosary hospital, emekuku. 10.2% of 1241 hvs, 3.4% of 178 mus and 1.3% of 5883 urine sa ... | 1984 | 12340185 |
| the vaginal contraceptive pill. | vaginal administration of oral contraceptives (ocs) has been shown to be an acceptable and effective method of contraception. the most widely tested vaginal contraceptive pill (vcp) contains 500 mcg of d-1 norgestrel and 50 mcg of ethinyl estradiol (ee) and is administered on the same 21-day schedule as the oral contraceptive. other combination ocs used vaginally include 1 mg of norethisterone plus 50 mcg of mestranol, 250 mcg of levonorgestrel plus 50 mcg of ee, and 2 mg of cyproterone acetat ... | 1985 | 12339969 |
| [oral contraceptive use and prevalence of infection with chlamydia trachomatis in women (author's transl)]. | 1080 nonpregnant women ages 16-34 years, presenting for the 1st time at a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases (std), were examined and screened for infection with chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrheae, trichomonas vaginalis, and candida species. the respective prevalence rates were 21.1%, 20.7%, 13.4%, and 27.8%. isolation rates for chlamydia trachomatis, either occurring alone or in association with other genital infections, were significantly greater in women using oral contracept ... | 1983 | 12338679 |
| [frequency of trichomonas vaginalis infection in apparently healthy women in western santiago]. | the incidence of infection by trichomonas vaginalis in apparently healthy women was surveyed in the western area of santiago, chile, which comprised both urban and rural areas with medium- or low-income people. a retrospective review of the data of the cytopathology laboratory of san juan de dios hospital was conducted. the data contained all annual pap smears and epidemiological information about the presenting patients. during 1983, a total of 29,501 women had pap smears taken to detect sig ... | 1985 | 12320978 |
| std and contraception. | pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) is caused by several pathogens. it is difficult to diagnose on clinical grounds alone. the best diagnostic tool for pid is laparoscopy. women using contraceptives tend to be more sexually active and to have multiple sex partners than their counterparts and hence are at a greater risk of sexually transmitted diseases (stds). oral contraceptives (ocs) appear to protect against pid but may increase the risk of lower genital tract chlamydial infection. among oc ... | 1993 | 12318983 |
| [vaginitis due to gardnerella vaginalis in a university medical service]. | between august 1983 and june 1984, a total of 363 women were studied who had been referred to the medical service of the school of bacteriology and laboratory clinic of the university of antioquia, medellin, colombia, for obtaining vaginal cytology. they either had or did not have vaginal discharge. the smears were tested for gardnerella vaginalis and trichomonas vaginalis. the majority of the patients were in the third, fourth, and fifth decades of their lives: 51%, 24.5%, and 14%, respectiv ... | 1985 | 12292701 |
| the polyurethane female condom: increasing the choice for women. | the polyurethane female condom is manufactured exclusively in london by chartex international and marketed under the names reality, femidom, and femy. the device consists of a disposable, odorless polyurethane sheath 17 cm long. there is a loose inner ring at the closed end of minimum diameter 5.0 cm, and a softer, fixed ring at the open, outer end of minimum diameter 6.5 cm. each condom is prelubricated with dimethicone, a non-spermicidal lubricant. the female condom was designed to be used ... | 1996 | 12291292 |
| hiv and stds: how are they linked? [letter]. | i write in response to dr. gina dallabeta's article with this title (hiv and stds: how are they linked?). prospective studies in sub-saharan africa have established the following: 1. seropositive commercial sex workers have a higher prevalence of genital ulcer disease (gud) and positive serology for syphilis. 2. seropositive men with chancroid more frequently have a history of prior gud. 3. seronegative men with a history of recent contact with a commercial sex worker are more likely to seroconv ... | 1995 | 12288717 |
| the female condom: std protection in the hands of women. | in 1993, the us food and drug administration (fda) approved the female condom reality. it provides better protection against sexually transmitted diseases (stds) than does the male condom. the polyurethane sheath is more resistant to tears and covers the vagina, cervix, and vulva. since it does not depend on erection of the penis, the female condom protects women from stds/hiv that can be transmitted through the pre-ejaculate. in light of the aids epidemic, fda approved the female condom based o ... | 1993 | 12288250 |
| sexually transmitted diseases (std) in infertile males attending the andrology clinic at ga-rankuwa hospital. | sexually transmitted diseases (stds) affect the physiology of male/female reproduction. chronic bacterial infection of semen is uncommon, but may be a cause of male infertility. antibacterial treatment results in improvement in sperm quality, once the infection is eradicated. little is known about how infection with mycoplasma hominis affects semen quality, but treatment with antibiotics improves motility and decreases the percentage of coiled tails. chlamydia trachomatis is not frequently i ... | 1992 | 12286085 |
| commentary: family planning and sex education in std. | the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (std) has risen in the past years to epidemic proportions even though medical understanding of stds has considerably improved. the most common forms of contraception (e.g. condoms, diaphragms, vaginal spermicides, intrauterine devices, and oral contraception pills) vary in how effective each is in preventing stds. condoms offer almost complete protection against many stds, including, gonorrhoea, syphilis, herpes virus, trichomonas, candidiases, ch ... | 1989 | 12283075 |
| [a comparative study of the incidence of gardnerella vaginalis in users of iud and oral contraceptives]. | leukorrhea constitutes one of the most frequent complaints by women visiting out-patient gynecological clinics. the most common etiological agents are gardnerella vaginalis, trichomonas vaginalis, neisseria gonorrhoea and candida albicans. some authors have been able to verify an increased presence of certain pathogenic germs in the vaginal flora for users of contraceptive methods, e.g., for users of iud, kivijarvi et al. demonstrated a significantly increased presence of gardnerella vaginalis ... | 1987 | 12282423 |
| intrauterine devices (iuds) and their complications (clinical evaluation of 2013 women with iud in-situ). | iud related events were evaluated at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, hacettepe university in ankara, turkey. the study population included 2213 fertile, healthy women who had an iud in situ. the age range was 17-48 years. all iuds were lippes loop, size c and d, and they were inserted by an experienced physician and nurse on the 5th day of menstruation. the follow-up time was 1 year in 2013 women with iuds. there was no follow-up on 200 women who were excluded from the study. ... | 1982 | 12267258 |
| how laminin-1 can be recognized by the protozoan parasite tritrichomonas foetus: possible role played by the extracellular matrix glycoprotein in both cytoadhesion and cytotoxicity exerted by the parasite. | the isoform 1 of the extracellular matrix glycoprotein laminin is known to be an important ligand for some parasitic protozoa including trichomonas vaginalis. the bovine parasite tritrichomonas foetus seems to display a similar recognition process to laminin-1, as some amino acid sequences found in the lns module of laminin-1 can also be recognized by this parasite. which of the laminin-1 residing adhesion sequences are recognized by t. foetus, and the role played by such a protein-cell recognit ... | 2002 | 12243785 |
| virus in trichomonas--an ultrastructural study. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated, parasitic protozoan that inhabits the urogenital tract of humans. approximately one-half of isolates of t. vaginalis are infected with a double-stranded (ds) rna virus, which was described in the literature as a homogeneous population of icosahedral virus with isometric symmetry and 33 nm in diameter. the present study describes the heterogeneous virus population found in t. vaginalis isolate 347. this population comprises different virus sizes (33-200 nm) ... | 2002 | 12243783 |
| the complex fibronectin--trichomonas vaginalis interactions and trichomonosis. | trichomonosis is the vaginitis caused by trichomonas vaginalis. this sexually transmitted agent achieves successful host parasitism through various means including: (1). acquisition of nutrients through specific receptors; (2). recognition and binding to mucin followed by cytoadherence mediated by adhesins that resemble metabolic enzymes; (3). evasion of immune responses through (i). masking of organisms by host proteins, (ii). shedding of trichomonad proteins into the secretions and (iii). secr ... | 2002 | 12243782 |
| fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolases in amitochondriate protists constitute a single protein subfamily with eubacterial relationships. | sequences of putative fructose-1,6-bisphospate aldolases (fba) in five amitochondriate unicellular eukaryotes, the diplomonads giardia intestinalis (published earlier) and spironucleus barkhanus, the pelobiont mastigamoeba balamuthi,the entamoebid entamoeba histolytica, and the parabasalid trichomonas vaginalis all belong to class ii of fbas and are highly similar to each other (>48% amino acid identity). the five protist sequences, however, do not form a monophyletic group. diplomonad fbas shar ... | 2002 | 12242011 |
| epidemiology and natural history of ligase chain reaction detected chlamydial and gonococcal infections. | ligase chain reaction (lcr) technology has dramatically increased the sensitivity of tests for sexually transmitted infections (stis). it is unknown whether low copy infections (lcr positive, culture negative) have any clinical consequences. we assessed the clinical significance of untreated low copy chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in a cohort of sexually active women. | 2002 | 12238656 |
| tv or not tv? | 2002 | 12238649 | |
| [parasitic diseases are a risk factor of inflammations of the small pelvis organs. trichomoniasis]. | clinical and laboratory studies were made in 2259 persons by using serological assays, including cultural and bacterioscopic assays in 1824 and 363 persons, respectively, in order to indicate trichomonas infection among men, women, and 2-15-year-old children who had chronic inflammation of the urogenital system, as well as among children aged 2 months to 16 years who had a severe somatic disease. parasitic cenoses of the urogenital tract were studied in women with trichomoniasis and reproductive ... | 2002 | 12224263 |
| the mitotic spindle and associated membranes in the closed mitosis of trichomonads. | in the present work, we followed the several phases of tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis cell cycles using immunofluorescence, serial thin sections, three-dimensional (3d) reconstruction, and transmission electron microscopy. in motile trichomonad cells or in pseudocyst forms, the nuclear envelope persists throughout mitosis, and the spindle is extranuclear. we found three types of spindle microtubules: pole-to-nucleus microtubules which are attached to the nuclear envelope, pole-t ... | 2002 | 12206655 |
| [the technical improvement of staining of trichomonas vaginalis]. | 2000 | 12206005 | |
| detection of trichomonas vaginalis on modified columbia agar in the routine laboratory. | broth culture of trichomonas vaginalis is considered the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis. two studies were carried out to evaluate modified columbia agar (mca) for the isolation of t. vaginalis from clinical samples. study i compared isolation on mca to that on liquid medium with 889 vaginal samples. out of 63 samples positive for t. vaginalis (7.1% of total), mca identified 62 (98.4%) and broth identified 58 (92.1%). in study ii, trichomoniasis was diagnosed within the scope ... | 2002 | 12202565 |
| association between elevated neutrophil defensin levels and endometritis. | the role of host defenses in the pathogenesis of pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) remains largely uncharacterized. the antimicrobial peptides defensins are important components of innate host defense. to explore the relationship between neutrophil defensins and upper genital tract infection, 377 women who were at risk for pid were enrolled in a study. women infected with neisseria gonorrhoeae, trichomonas vaginalis, or chlamydia trachomatis had higher median levels of neutrophil defensins (huma ... | 2002 | 12198613 |
| double-stranded rna viral infection of trichomonas vaginalis infecting patients attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic. | trichomonas vaginalis (tv) can be infected with double-stranded rna (dsrna) viruses that may have important implications for trichomonal virulence and disease pathogenesis. a cross-sectional study was conducted in a sexually transmitted diseases clinic to determine the prevalence and clinical significance of dsrna viral infection of tv infecting men and women. overall, dsrna virus was present in 21 (75%) of 28 tv isolates (95% confidence interval [ci], 55%-89%). dsrna viral infection of tv was n ... | 2002 | 12195385 |
| homogeneous, nonradioactive, enzymatic assay for plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate. | pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp) is the biologically active form of vitamin b(6). clinical studies suggest that low plp concentrations are an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and other diseases. however, plp concentrations are not routinely diagnosed because of the lack of a homogeneous, nonradioactive assay. we describe a homogeneous, nonradioactive, enzymatic plp assay that uses the apo form of the plp-dependent recombinant enzyme, homocysteine-alpha,gamma-lyase (rhcyase). | 2002 | 12194934 |
| pelvic inflammatory disease in the people's republic of china: aetiology and management. | to study the causes of pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) in shenyang, northeastern china, and to assess the efficacy of the syndromic management flowchart for pid recommended by world health organization (who). | 2002 | 12194742 |
| community prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficiency virus infection in tamil nadu, india: a probability proportional to size cluster survey. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and aids is threatening the survival of many nations. to evaluate ongoing interventional strategies and burden of illness estimates, valid data on the prevalence of hiv are required. often, in the absence of community prevalence data, estimates are based on surrogate markers such as prevalence of hiv in antenatal clinics. even though the antenatal prevalence of hiv is easier to measure and can be repeated for evaluation, it is important to establish t ... | 2002 | 12186325 |
| the diagnosis of chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and trichomonas infections by self obtained low vaginal swabs, in remote northern australian clinical practice. | to examine the diagnostic performance of self obtained low vaginal swabs (solvs) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) techniques in the diagnosis of chlamydia trachomatis (ct), neisseria gonorrhoeae (ng), and trichomonas vaginalis (tv) infection in a variety of clinical practice settings in remote north western australia. | 2002 | 12181467 |
| mechanisms of in vitro development of resistance to metronidazole in trichomonas vaginalis. | development of resistance against metronidazole and mechanisms responsible for this process were studied in a sexually transmitted pathogen of humans, trichomonas vaginalis. monitoring of changes in metabolism and protein expression that accompanied increasing resistance of strains derived from a common drug-susceptible parent (tv 10-02) showed the multistep character of the process. the aerobic type of resistance known to occur in isolates from patients non-responsive to treatment appeared at t ... | 2002 | 12177340 |
| the purine nucleoside phosphorylase from trichomonas vaginalis is a homologue of the bacterial enzyme. | trichomonas vaginalis is a parasitic protozoan and the causative agent of trichomoniasis. its primary purine salvage system, consisting of a purine nucleoside phosphorylase (pnp) and a purine nucleoside kinase, presents potential targets for designing selective inhibitors as antitrichomonial drugs because of lack of de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides in this organism. cdna encoding t. vaginalis pnp was isolated by complementation of an escherichia coli strain deficient in pnp and expressed, ... | 2002 | 12173924 |
| trichomonas vaginalis polymerase chain reaction compared with standard diagnostic and therapeutic protocols for detection and treatment of vaginal trichomoniasis. | wet preparation has limited sensitivity for diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) infection. an observational study of 337 women was conducted to evaluate a new polymerase chain reaction (pcr) test for tv. the sensitivities of wet preparation and tv culture were 52% (95% confidence interval [ci], 41-62) and 78% (95% ci, 69-86), respectively. tv pcr had a sensitivity of 84% (95% ci, 75-90) and a specificity of 94% (95% ci, 90-97). metronidazole was provided to 67 (69%) of 97 women with tv becau ... | 2002 | 12173132 |
| survey of urinary schistosomiasis and trichomoniasis in a rural community in edo state, nigeria. | survey of urinary schistosomiasis and trichomoniasis was conducted among 830 inhabitants of ikao village, in owan local government area of edo state, nigeria between october, 1999 and february, 2000. of these, 178 (21.4%) excreted schistosoma haematobium ova in their urine. school children were more infected than the farmers and petty traders. males were more infected than the female counterparts, these differences were statistically significant using chi-square test analysis (chi 2). most of th ... | 2001 | 12170944 |
| trichomonas vaginalis infection in a premature newborn. | trichomonas vaginalis is a vaginal pathogen associated with an increased incidence of adverse outcomes of pregnancy. data are limited regarding the effects of trichomonas infections in the newborn. we report a symptomatic t. vaginalis infection in a 26-week premature infant and a review of the literature. | 2002 | 12168131 |
| 1,3-diphenylpyrazoles: synthesis and antiparasitic activities of azomethine derivatives. | 1,3-diphenylpyrazole-4-carboxaldehyde and 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-phenylpyrazole-4-carboxaldehyde were obtained from the appropriated phenylhydrazones via the vilsmeier-haack reaction. these two aldehydes were functionalized by various substituted anilines or substituted benzylamines. antiparasitic activities of the corresponding azomethines were assessed. in the most cases, nitrated compounds were found to be more efficient than non-nitrated ones against plasmodium falciparum, trichomonas vaginalis ... | 2002 | 12161064 |
| intestinal parasitic infections and swamp development in sierra leone. | the prevalence of entamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia and other intestinal and urogenital parasites were assessed in five inland valley swamp (ivs) development faming communities in the moyamba district, south-central sierra leone. stool and urine samples were submitted by 1106 individuals and examined by the iron-haematoxylin staining and the formalin-ether concentration techniques for faecal sample and centrifugation method for the urine samples. the overall parasitic infection rate was 61. ... | 1994 | 12153344 |
| six-year follow-up survey of sexually transmitted diseases in brasilia, the capital of brazil. | the notification of sexually transmitted diseases (std) is a prime component of well-designed public health policy. however, peculiar aspects of std must be taken into account for the correct management of surveillance activities. here, we describe the distribution of the most common sexually transmitted diseases among patients attended by the gynecological clinics of the principal public hospitals of brasilia and the federal district, brazilian capital, during six years. a total of 142,158 pati ... | 2002 | 12144746 |
| interventions for trichomoniasis in pregnancy. | vaginitis due to trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common of sexually transmitted diseases. trichomoniasis affects women during pregnancy as well but it is not clearly established whether it causes preterm birth and other pregnancy complications. | 2002 | 12137609 |
| prostatitis: what is the role of infection. | although bacterial prostatitis is a common diagnosis, well documented infections of the prostate are uncommon. culture studies of prostate tissue led our group to hypothesize that bacterial colonization/invasion of the prostate gland might occur more commonly than is appreciated by standard microbiological techniques. specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays were used for each of the pathogens previously implicated in chronic prostatitis as well as broad-spectrum pcr assays to identify te ... | 2002 | 12135836 |
| aetiology of chronic prostatitis. | a total of 388 patients with symptoms of chronic prostatitis and inflammatory findings in expressed prostatic secretion (eps) or in a urine sample collected immediately after prostate massage, were examined over a 2 year period at the outpatient department for urogenital infections, university hospital for infectious diseases 'dr fran mihaljević', zagreb, croatia. the infective aetiology was determined in 276 (71.13%) patients. chlamydia trachomatis was the causative pathogen in 109 patients, tr ... | 2002 | 12135835 |
| in vitro activities of position 2 substitution-bearing 6-nitro- and 6-amino-benzothiazoles and their corresponding anthranilic acid derivatives against leishmania infantum and trichomonas vaginalis. | 6-nitro- and 6-amino-benzothiazoles bearing different chains in position 2 and their corresponding anthranilic acid derivatives were investigated for their in vitro antiparasitic properties against parasites of the species leishmania infantum and trichomonas vaginalis compared to their toxicity towards human monocytes. biological investigations established that the antiprotozoal properties depended greatly on the chemical structure of the position 2 substitution-bearing group. compound c1, 2-[(2 ... | 2002 | 12121937 |
| in vitro effect of nitazoxanide against entamoeba histolytica, giardia intestinalis and trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites. | nitazoxanide, a 5-nitrothiazolyl derivative, is effective in the treatment of a broad range of parasitic infections. in vitro, it is active against several protozoa, including cryptosporidium parvum, blastocystis hominis, and giardia intestinalis. the objective of this study was to determine the in vitro effect of nitazoxanide on the growth and morphology of three anaerobic protozoa (entamoeba histolytica, giardia intestinalis, and trichomonas vaginalis) and to compare these effects with those o ... | 2002 | 12120985 |
| ultrastructural cytochemical observations of the cell coat of two trichomonas vaginalis isolates with different degree of virulence. | the cell coat of two trichomonas vaginalis isolates with different degree of virulence isolated in mexico from symptomatic women was studied by cytochemical assays. the use of carbohydrate cell surface markers allowed us to visualize greater electron-dense deposits in the highly virulent t. vaginalis isolate than in the less virulent one. on the contrary, parasites treated with concanavalin a showed a heavy uniform electron-dense deposit on the cell surface that was similar in both isolates. whe ... | 2002 | 12117282 |
| [cervico-vaginal infections. study of a population in the turin area]. | aim of this study is to determine the prevalence, in the turin area, of the pathogens chiefly involved in the genesis of the most common infections of the female genitalia. | 2002 | 12114863 |
| techniques of testing for sexually transmitted diseases. | adolescent and young adult women are the highest-risk group for nearly all sexually transmitted infections. this article reviews diagnostic methods for the most common bacterial and viral sexually transmitted infections, with special attention to the use of nucleic acid amplification methods, as well as the utilization of nontraditional clinical specimens. these new modalities should help the care provider identify and manage the large asymptomatic pool of infected patients, and further lower th ... | 2001 | 12112957 |
| bacterial vaginosis and other asymptomatic vaginal infections in pregnancy. | preterm birth is a common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. many asymptomatic genital infections have been associated with preterm birth, but attempts to determine a causal relationship between specific infections and preterm birth have been disappointing. treatment trials of specific infections have generally failed to show a positive effect, and in some trials have shown a deleterious effect. although there is a strong association between the presence of bacterial vaginosis and tricho ... | 2001 | 12112946 |
| methods for cultivation of luminal parasitic protists of clinical importance. | cultivation of luminal protistan parasites has a long history. in this review we discuss the methods and media that are most widely used for the establishment and maintenance of the following organisms in culture: entamoeba histolytica, giardia intestinalis, trichomonas vaginalis, dientamoeba fragilis, blastocystis hominis, and balantidium coli. while cultivation is of limited importance in the diagnostic laboratory, it is essential to most research laboratories, and it is toward the latter that ... | 2002 | 12097242 |
| cost-effective screening for trichomoniasis. | 2002 | 12095452 | |
| synthesis and trichomonacidal activity of perketals and hydroperoxides. | some perketals were synthesized by the dussault procedure using simple bromides and 2-methoxyprop-2-yl hydroperoxide. treatment with acetic acid gave the corresponding hydroperoxides. both perketals and hydroperoxides were tested in vitro as trichomonacidal agents. most of them exhibited very good activities. the most powerful compound was 2-methoxyprop-2-yl hexadec-l-yl peroxide which exhibited an ic50 value of 0.51 microm being 10 times more effective than the reference compound metronidazole. | 2002 | 12088060 |
| [electrophoretic analysis of soluble antigens of a pathogenic isolate of trichomonas vaginalis]. | to analyze the parasite soluble antigens of a pathogenic isolate of trichomonas vaginalis. | 1998 | 12078262 |
| neonatal pneumonia caused by trichomonas vaginalis. | the authors present two cases of newborn babies infected by trichomonas vaginalis (hereafter referred to as t. vaginalis) and suffering from severe congenital breathing difficulties and needing artificial respiration. microscopic examination of the tracheal discharge revealed characteristically moving, flagellated, pear-shaped unicellular organisms. cultures on cplm medium proved the presence of t. vaginalis. during pregnancy the mothers' clinical status was negative and both of them mentioned l ... | 2002 | 12073821 |
| multiple origins of hydrogenosomes: functional and phylogenetic evidence from the adp/atp carrier of the anaerobic chytrid neocallimastix sp. | a mitochondrial-type adp/atp carrier (aac) has been identified in the hydrogenosomes of the anaerobic chytridiomycete fungus neocallimastix sp. l2. biochemical and immunocytochemical studies revealed that this adp/atp carrier is an integral component of hydrogenosomal membranes. expression of the corresponding cdna in escherichia coli confers the ability on the bacterial host to incorporate adp at significantly higher rates than atp--similar to isolated mitochondria of yeast and animals. phyloge ... | 2002 | 12067335 |
| infectious diseases. 6: sexually transmitted infections: new diagnostic approaches and treatments. | 1. commercially available nucleic acid amplification assays (eg, polymerase or ligase chain reaction) are now the "gold standard" tests for genital chlamydial infection and also have a role in screening for gonococcal infection. 2. single-dose oral antibiotics are available for treatment of chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae and trichomonas vaginalis infections. 3. strains of n. gonorrhoeae in urban australia are often penicillin resistant, while strains from south east asia and those ... | 2002 | 12064989 |
| lipid metabolism in mucous-dwelling amitochondriate protozoa. | entamoeba, giardia, and trichomonads are the prominent members of a group known as 'mucosal parasites'. while entamoeba and giardia trophozoites colonise the small intestine, trichomonads inhabit the genitourinary tracts of humans and animals. these protozoa lack mitochondria, well-developed golgi complexes, and other organelles typical of higher eukaryotes. nonetheless, they have developed unique metabolic pathways that allow them to survive and multiply in the small intestine and reproductive ... | 2002 | 12062485 |
| the crystal structure of trichomonas vaginalis ferredoxin provides insight into metronidazole activation. | crystallographic studies revealing the three-dimensional structure of the oxidized form of the [2fe-2s] ferredoxin from trichomonas vaginalis (tvfd) are presented. tvfd, a member of the hydrogenosomal class of ferredoxins, possesses a unique combination of redox and spectroscopic properties, and is believed to be the biological molecule that activates the drug metronidazole reductively in the treatment of trichomoniasis. it is the first hydrogenosomal ferredoxin to have its structure determined. ... | 2002 | 12051855 |
| a preliminary study on the relationship between trichomonas vaginalis and cervical cancer in egyptian women. | the relationship between trichomonas vaginalis and cancer cervix was investigated by detection of t. vaginalis antibodies, in the sera of 48 invasive cervical cancer patients and 100 random age matched female control, using western immunoblot technique. it was found that antibodies to t. vaginalis were detected in sera of 18.75% (9/48) of cervical cancer patients compared with 5% (5/100) of controls. the increase was evident in age group, 40-49 years (21.05% vs 5%) and of those with squamous cel ... | 2002 | 12049252 |
| dna single strand breaks in peripheral blood lymphocytes induced by three nitroimidazole derivatives. | tinidazole (tnz), ornidazole (onz) and metronidazole (mtz) are antiparasitic drugs (nitroimidazole derivatives) that have proven to be effective against trichomonas vaginalis, entoamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia and helicobacter pylori. the reduction of the nitro group and the generation of short-lived reactive intermediates are the basis of its parasiticidal activity. this reduction is associated with its mutagenic activity in bacteria, although in mammalian cells dna damage seems to be rel ... | 2002 | 12044544 |
| what sexually transmitted disease screening method does the adolescent prefer? adolescents' attitudes toward first-void urine, self-collected vaginal swab, and pelvic examination. | to assess sexually active adolescents' attitudes toward 3 screening collection techniques for detection of chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and trichomonas vaginalis using first-void urine (fvu), self-collected vaginal swab specimens, and pelvic examination with clinician-collected endocervical swab specimens. | 2002 | 12038892 |
| separable putative polyadenylation and cleavage motifs in trichomonas vaginalis mrnas. | 3' untranslated region processing and polyadenylation in trichomonas vaginalis was analyzed by 3' rapid amplification of cdna ends and sequence analysis of t. vaginalis mrnas. a putative polyadenylation signal with the sequence uaaa was found 11-30 nucleotides upstream from the cleavage site. the motif pyrimidine( downward arrow)(a)(0-3)aauu is proposed to be the cleavage site for polyadenylation of transcripts. this potential sequence defining the cleavage site for polyadenylation in eukaryotes ... | 2002 | 12036586 |
| acetarsol pessaries in the treatment of metronidazole resistant trichomonas vaginalis. | 1999 | 12035784 | |
| analyses of rna polymerase ii genes from free-living protists: phylogeny, long branch attraction, and the eukaryotic big bang. | the phylogenetic relationships among major eukaryotic protist lineages are largely uncertain. two significant obstacles in reconstructing eukaryotic phylogeny are long-branch attraction (lba) effects and poor taxon sampling of free-living protists. we have obtained and analyzed gene sequences encoding the largest subunit of rna polymerase ii (rpb1) from naegleria gruberi (a heterolobosean), cercomonas atcc 50319 (a cercozoan), and ochromonas danica (a heterokont); we have also analyzed the rpb1 ... | 2002 | 12032239 |
| scanning electron microscopy in the investigation of the in vitro hemolytic activity of trichomonas vaginalis. | the in vitro hemolytic activity of trichomonas vaginalis has been previously demonstrated, but the mechanisms involved remain to be elucidated. in this work we used scanning electron microscopy to investigate the contact dependency of the hemolytic phenomenon caused by the parasites. the erythrocytes adhered to the parasites' surface and were phagocytosed. these observations suggest that the contact between t. vaginalis and erythrocytes may be an important mechanism in the injury caused to the e ... | 2002 | 11999024 |
| specific iga response, t-cell subtype and cytokine profile in experimental intravaginal trichomoniasis. | trichomoniasis caused by trichomonas vaginalis may lead to either a complete absence of symptoms or to severe inflammatory manifestations in infected women. studies of the role of immune responses in the pathogenesis and varied symptomatology of this disease are lacking. mice may prove useful as an experimental model for intravaginal trichomoniasis in developing an understanding of the role of local immune responses in the pathogenesis and varied symptomatology of this disease. the present study ... | 2002 | 11999021 |
| in vivo expression of ferredoxin in a drug resistant trichomonad increases metronidazole susceptibility. | 2002 | 11985873 | |
| a form of cell death with some features resembling apoptosis in the amitochondrial unicellular organism trichomonas vaginalis. | one of hallmarks of apoptosis is the degradation and concomitant compaction of chromatin. it is assumed that caspases and caspase-independent pathways are rate limiting for the development of nuclear apoptosis. the caspase-independent pathway involves apoptosis-inducing factor (aif) and leads to dna fragmentation and peripheral chromatin condensation. both pathways are the result of activation of death signals that the mitochondrion receives, integrates, and responds to with the release of vario ... | 2002 | 11978006 |
| [a clinical and microbiological study of bacterial vaginosis and vaginitis in pregnant women]. | infectious complications in pregnancy and delivery are still y serious problem in obstetrical, gynecological and neonatological practice. the main part of them are caused from the anaerobic organisms associated with bacterial vaginosis as well from sexually transmitted pathogens. in this study we present data about the frequency of spreading of bacterial vaginosis and vaginitis in pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy. we held y study of 106 pregnant women aged between 15 and 35, regis ... | 1999 | 11965718 |