Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| an inducible and secreted eukaryote-like serine/threonine kinase of salmonella enterica serovar typhi promotes intracellular survival and pathogenesis. | eukaryote-like serine/threonine kinases (estks) constitute an important family of bacterial virulence factors. genome analysis had predicted putative estks in salmonella enterica serovar typhi, although their functional characterization and the elucidation of their role in pathogenesis are still awaited. we show here that the primary sequence and secondary structure of the t4519 locus of salmonella typhi ty2 have all the signatures of eukaryotic superfamily kinases. t4519 encodes a ∼39-kda prote ... | 2014 | 25404028 |
| occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant escherichia coli and salmonella enterica in the beef cattle production and processing continuum. | specific concerns have been raised that third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3gc(r)) escherichia coli, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant (cot(r)) e. coli, 3gc(r) salmonella enterica, and nalidixic acid-resistant (nal(r)) s. enterica may be present in cattle production environments, persist through beef processing, and contaminate final products. the prevalences and concentrations of these organisms were determined in feces and hides (at feedlot and processing plant), pre-evisceration ... | 2015 | 25398858 |
| complete genome sequence of salmonella enterica serovar pullorum multidrug resistance strain s06004 from china. | as salmonella enterica serovar pullorum remains a major economic problem for the poultry industries of countries with no efficient control measures, we presented a multidrug resistance strain s06004 (isolated from a clinically sick chicken in china in 2006) for genome sequencing. the genome comparison showed that the strain contained two prophages, the st104 and prophage-4 (fels2) of e. coli lf82, which were not detected in the only published genomes of s. pullorum rks5078 and cdc1983-67. in add ... | 2015 | 25394606 |
| atmospheric pressure plasma treatment of black peppercorns inoculated with salmonella and held under controlled storage. | spices, including black pepper, are a source of microbial contamination and have been linked to outbreaks of salmonellosis when added to products that undergo no further processing. traditional thermal processing employed to reduce microbial contamination can lead to losses of heat-sensitive compounds. thus, alternative processes such as atmospheric pressure plasma (app) are desirable. the purpose of this research was to determine the efficacy of app in the destruction of salmonella inoculated o ... | 2014 | 25393920 |
| atpase-independent type-iii protein secretion in salmonella enterica. | type-iii protein secretion systems are utilized by gram-negative pathogens to secrete building blocks of the bacterial flagellum, virulence effectors from the cytoplasm into host cells, and structural subunits of the needle complex. the flagellar type-iii secretion apparatus utilizes both the energy of the proton motive force and atp hydrolysis to energize substrate unfolding and translocation. we report formation of functional flagella in the absence of type-iii atpase activity by mutations tha ... | 2014 | 25393010 |
| genomic signature of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolates related to a massive outbreak in zambia between 2010 and 2012. | retrospectively, we investigated the epidemiology of a massive salmonella enterica serovar typhi outbreak in zambia during 2010 to 2012. ninety-four isolates were susceptibility tested by mic determinations. whole-genome sequence typing (wgst) of 33 isolates and bioinformatic analysis identified the multilocus sequence type (mlst), haplotype, plasmid replicon, antimicrobial resistance genes, and genetic relatedness by single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) analysis and genomic deletions. the outbr ... | 2015 | 25392358 |
| surface plasmon resonance based label-free detection of salmonella using dna self assembly. | typhoid is re-emerging as a biggest health threat to third world countries. one of the major challenge is false negative diagnosis using existing immunodiagnostic methods due to overlapping symptoms of other infections (like brucellosis, malaria, hepatitis) that mimic this enteric fever (typhoid). surface plasmon resonance (spr) based dna hybridisation biosensor has been fabricated by generating self-assembled monolayer of 5'-thiolated single-stranded dna (ssdna) probe onto gold surface. highly ... | 2015 | 25391546 |
| influence of land use and climate on salmonella carrier status in the small indian mongoose (herpestes auropunctatus) in grenada, west indies. | invasive mammals can be important reservoirs for human pathogens. a recent study showed that 12% of mongooses carried salmonella spp. in their large intestines. we investigated whether anthropogenic, environmental and climatic variables predicted salmonella status in mongooses (herpestes auropunctatus) in grenada. using multivariate logistic regression and contingency table analysis, we found that increased human density, decreased distance from roads, and low monthly precipitation were associat ... | 2015 | 25390765 |
| antimicrobial profile of salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis from free-range swine in kakamega fish market, western kenya. | salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar choleraesuis is a host-adapted, facultative, intracellular pathogen that causes swine paratyphoid. its antimicrobial resistance presents a challenge to feed manufacturing industries. however, stopping antibiotics in animal feed would have economic implications for the industry. | 2014 | 25390050 |
| cytotoxic mechanism of cytolethal distending toxin in nontyphoidal salmonella serovar (salmonella javiana) during macrophage infection. | cytolethal distending toxin b (cdtb) is a conserved virulence factor in salmonella enterica serovar typhi. here we report the presence and functionality of cdtb in some nontyphoidal salmonella (nts) serovars, including salmonella javiana (cdtb+wt s. javiana), isolated from imported food. to understand the role of cdtb in nts serovars, a deletion mutant (cdtb(-)δs. javiana) was constructed. macrophages were infected with cdtb+wt s. javiana (wild type), cdtb(-)δ s. javiana (mutant), and cdtb-negat ... | 2015 | 25389664 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characterization of salmonella enterica in captive wildlife and exotic animal species in ohio, usa. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence, antimicrobial resistance patterns, phenotypic and genotypic relatedness of salmonella enterica recovered from captive wildlife host species and in the environment in ohio, usa. a total of 319 samples including faecal (n = 225), feed (n = 38) and environmental (n = 56) were collected from 32 different wild and exotic animal species in captivity and their environment in ohio. salmonellae were isolated using conventional culture methods a ... | 2015 | 25388917 |
| estimation of cultivable bacterial diversity in the cloacae and pharynx in eurasian griffon vultures (gyps fulvus). | in this work, we describe the biodiversity of cloacal and pharynx culture-based bacteria (commensal and pathogenic), in 75 eurasian griffon vultures (gyps fulvus) from two geographic areas. we address the question of whether the cultivable microbiota of vultures is organised into assemblages occurring by chance. in addition, we assess bacterial diversity in both anatomic regions and geographic areas. bacterial diversity was represented by 26 gram-negative and 20 gram-positive genera. the most co ... | 2015 | 25388757 |
| complex adaptive immunity to enteric fevers in humans: lessons learned and the path forward. | salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi), the causative agent of typhoid fever, and s. paratyphi a and b, causative agents of paratyphoid fever, are major public health threats throughout the world. although two licensed typhoid vaccines are currently available, they are only moderately protective and immunogenic necessitating the development of novel vaccines. a major obstacle in the development of improved typhoid, as well as paratyphoid vaccines is the lack of known immunological correlat ... | 2014 | 25386175 |
| suppression of dendritic cell and t-cell activation by the prst⁹⁸ salmonella plasmid. | salmonella evades host immune response via the expression of a variety of pathogenic factors. the 'prst98' plasmid of salmonella enterica serotype typhi (s. typhi) is involved in conferring the multidrug‑resistance and virulence of s. typhi. however, its specific effect on host‑cell function has remained elusive. dendritic cells (dcs) are key regulators of immune responses. the present study therefore aimed to investigate whether prst98 may target dcs involved in mediating the adaptive immune re ... | 2015 | 25385146 |
| trends in serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility in salmonella enterica isolates from humans in belgium, 2009 to 2013. | the belgian national reference centre for salmonella received 16,544 human isolates of salmonella enterica between january 2009 and december 2013. although 377 different serotypes were identified, the landscape is dominated by s. enterica serovars typhimurium (55%) and enteritidis (19%) in a ratio which is inverse to european union averages. with outbreaks of salmonella serotypes ohio, stanley, and paratyphi b variant java as prime examples, 20 serotypes displayed significant fluctuations in thi ... | 2015 | 25385108 |
| variation at hla-drb1 is associated with resistance to enteric fever. | enteric fever affects more than 25 million people annually and results from systemic infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhi or paratyphi pathovars a, b or c(1). we conducted a genome-wide association study of 432 individuals with blood culture-confirmed enteric fever and 2,011 controls from vietnam. we observed strong association at rs7765379 (odds ratio (or) for the minor allele = 0.18, p = 4.5 × 10(-10)), a marker mapping to the hla class ii region, in proximity to hla-dqb1 and hla-d ... | 2014 | 25383971 |
| aerobic bacterial microbiota isolated from the cloaca of the european pond turtle (emys orbicularis) in poland. | we conducted a comparative analysis of the aerobic cloacal bacteria of european pond turtles (emys orbicularis) living in their natural environment and juvenile turtles reared under controlled conditions in a breeding center. we included 130 turtles in the study. the aerobic bacteria isolated from the cloaca of the juvenile turtles were less diverse and more prevalent than the bacteria isolated from free-living adults. we isolated 17 bacterial species from juvenile captive turtles, among which t ... | 2015 | 25380369 |
| the molecular epidemiological characteristics and genetic diversity of salmonella typhimurium in guangdong, china, 2007-2011. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is the most important serovar associated with human salmonellosis worldwide. here we aimed to explore the molecular epidemiology and genetic characteristics of this serovar in guangdong, china. | 2014 | 25380053 |
| clinical isolates of salmonella enterica serovar agona producing ndm-1 metallo-β-lactamase: first report from pakistan. | we report two cases of infantile diarrhea due to multidrug-resistant, ndm-1 metallo-β-lactamase-producing salmonella enterica serovar agona from pakistan. this study alerts toward possible risk of ndm-1 transmission to enteric fever pathogens and encourages microbiologists to consider active screening of carbapenem resistance in nontyphoidal salmonella isolates. | 2015 | 25378577 |
| comparative analysis of subtyping methods against a whole-genome-sequencing standard for salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. | a retrospective investigation was performed to evaluate whole-genome sequencing as a benchmark for comparing molecular subtyping methods for salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis and survey the population structure of commonly encountered s. enterica serotype enteritidis outbreak isolates in the united states. a total of 52 s. enterica serotype enteritidis isolates representing 16 major outbreaks and three sporadic cases collected between 2001 and 2012 were sequenced and subjected to subtypin ... | 2015 | 25378576 |
| three-dimensional structure of a protozoal double-stranded rna virus that infects the enteric pathogen giardia lamblia. | giardia lamblia virus (glv) is a small, nonenveloped, nonsegmented double-stranded rna (dsrna) virus infecting giardia lamblia, the most common protozoan pathogen of the human intestine and a major agent of waterborne diarrheal disease worldwide. glv (genus giardiavirus) is a member of family totiviridae, along with several other groups of protozoal or fungal viruses, including leishmania rna viruses and trichomonas vaginalis viruses. interestingly, glv is more closely related than other totivir ... | 2014 | 25378500 |
| typhoid outbreak in songkhla, thailand 2009-2011: clinical outcomes, susceptibility patterns, and reliability of serology tests. | to determine the clinical manifestations and outcomes, the reliability of salmonella enterica serotype typhi (s ser. typhi) igm and igg rapid tests, and the susceptibility patterns and the response to treatment during the 2009-2011 typhoid outbreak in songkhla province in thailand. | 2014 | 25375784 |
| high resolution melting analysis for rapid mutation screening in gyrase and topoisomerase iv genes in quinolone-resistant salmonella enterica. | the increased salmonella resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones is a public health concern in the southeast asian region. the objective of this study is to develop a high resolution melt curve (hrm) assay to rapidly screen for mutations in quinolone-resistant determining region (qrdr) of gyrase and topoisomerase iv genes. dna sequencing was performed on 62 salmonella strains to identify mutations in the qrdr of gyra, gyrb, parc, and pare genes. mutations were detected in qrdr of gyra (n = ... | 2014 | 25371903 |
| [occurrence and characterization of monophasic salmonella enterica subsp. enterica with antigenic formula 1,4, [5], 12: i:-isolated in poland in 2007-2012]. | salmonella is significant etiological agent of bacterial intestinal infections in poland and other european union countries. since the 90's increasing incidence of monophasic salmonella antigenic formula 1,4,[5],12:i:-has been observed, which are divided into two lineages: spanish and european. more common european lineage are characterized by antimicrobial resistance assut and dt193 phagetype. in many european countries, these organisms have become one of the most commonly isolated serovars. th ... | 2014 | 25369653 |
| identification of novel factors involved in modulating motility of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium can move through liquid using swimming motility, and across a surface by swarming motility. we generated a library of targeted deletion mutants in salmonella typhimurium strain atcc14028, primarily in genes specific to salmonella, that we have previously described. in the work presented here, we screened each individual mutant from this library for the ability to move away from the site of inoculation on swimming and swarming motility agar. mutants in gen ... | 2014 | 25369209 |
| in salmonella enterica, the gcn5-related acetyltransferase mdda (formerly ynca) acetylates methionine sulfoximine and methionine sulfone, blocking their toxic effects. | protein and small-molecule acylation reactions are widespread in nature. many of the enzymes catalyzing acylation reactions belong to the gcn5-related n-acetyltransferase (gnat; pf00583) family, named after the yeast gcn5 protein. the genome of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2 encodes 26 gnats, 11 of which have no known physiological role. here, we provide in vivo and in vitro evidence for the role of the mdda (methionine derivative detoxifier; formerly ynca) gnat in the detoxificatio ... | 2015 | 25368301 |
| host hydrogen rather than that produced by the pathogen is important for salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium virulence. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium utilizes molecular hydrogen as a substrate in various respiratory pathways, via h2-uptake enzymes termed hya, hyb, and hyd. a different hydrogenase, the hydrogen-evolving hyc enzyme, removes excess reductant during fermentative growth. virulence phenotypes conferred by mutations in hyc genes, either alone or in combination with mutations in the h2-uptake enzyme genes, are addressed. anaerobically grown δhycb or δhycc single-deletion strains were more sensi ... | 2015 | 25368112 |
| chromosome-mediated multidrug resistance in salmonella enterica serovar typhi. | a salmonella genomic island, designated sgi11, was found in 18 of 26 multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolates from bangladesh. sgi11 was an is1 composite transposon and carried 7 resistance genes that conferred resistance to 5 first-line antimicrobials. eleven of the 18 sgi11-carrying s. typhi isolates had developed resistance to high levels of ciprofloxacin. | 2015 | 25367917 |
| salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis enterocolitis during late stages of gestation induces an adverse pregnancy outcome in the murine model. | foodborne diseases caused by salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) are a significant health problem. pregnancy, state of immunological tolerance, is a predisposing condition for the development of infections with intracellular pathogens. salmonella species can cause pregnancy complications such as chorioamnionitis, transplacental fetal infection, pre term labor, abortions, neonatal and maternal septicemia. however, the specific mechanisms by which salmonella infections trigger ... | 2014 | 25365504 |
| evaluation of chlorine dioxide gas treatment to inactivate salmonella enterica on mungbean sprouts. | although freshly sprouted beans and grains are considered to be a source of nutrients, they have been associated with foodborne outbreaks. sprouts provide good matrices for microbial localization and growth due to optimal conditions of temperature and humidity while sprouting. also, the lack of a kill step postsprouting is a major safety concern. the objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorine dioxide gas treatment to reduce salmonella on artificially inoculated mungbean ... | 2014 | 25364920 |
| salmonella newport and typhimurium colonization of fruit differs from leaves in various tomato cultivars. | several outbreaks of salmonella enterica infections have been linked to tomatoes. one cost-effective way to complement on-farm preventive good agricultural practices is to identify cultivars with inherent decreased susceptibility to salmonella colonization. fruit and leaves of 13 tomato cultivars with distinct phenotypes were screened to evaluate their susceptibility to salmonella epiphytic colonization. field-grown fruit or gnotobiotically grown seedling leaves were spot inoculated in replicate ... | 2014 | 25364916 |
| transcriptional profiling of a cross-protective salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium uk-1 dam mutant identifies a set of genes more transcriptionally active compared to wild-type, and stably transcribed across biologically relevant microenvironments. | vaccination with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lacking dna adenine methyltransferase confers cross-protective immunity against multiple salmonella serotypes. the mechanistic basis is thought to be associated with the de-repression of genes that are tightly regulated when transiting from one microenvironment to another. this de-repression provides a potential means for the production of a more highly expressed and stable antigenic repertoire capable of inducing cross-protective immune r ... | 2014 | 25364573 |
| synergistic effects of bifidobacterium thermophilum rbl67 and selected prebiotics on inhibition of salmonella colonization in the swine proximal colon polyferms model. | probiotics and prebiotics are promising strategies to counteract salmonella prevalence in swine. in the present study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics (fructo- (fos), galacto- (gos) and mannan- (mos) oligosaccharides) and the bacteriocinogenic bifidobacterium thermophilum rbl67 (rbl67) on salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium n-15 (n-15) colonization using the polyferms in vitro continuous fermentation model simulating the swine proximal colon. | 2014 | 25364390 |
| [determination of the antimicrobial capacity of green tea (camellia sinensis) against the potentially pathogenic microorganisms escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, candida albicans and aspergillus niger]. | many studies can be found in scientific literature demonstrating the antimicrobial capacity of different herbs, including green tea. never-theless, many results are divergent or cannot be compared. several green tea formulations may be found in market, but there is scarce or non-information about its activity. in this work, the potential antimicrobial effect of 50 samples of dry green tea and in 10% infusion against escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus au ... | 2013 | 25362825 |
| loss of the lac operon contributes to salmonella invasion of epithelial cells through derepression of flagellar synthesis. | salmonella, a genus that is closely related to escherichia coli, includes many pathogens of humans and other animals. a notable feature that distinguishes salmonella from e. coli is lactose negativity, because the lac operon is lost in most salmonella genomes. here, we expressed the lac operon in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and compared the virulence of the lac(+) strain to that of the wild-type strain in a murine model, invasion assays, and macrophage replication assays. we showed t ... | 2015 | 25362512 |
| rpos-regulated core genes involved in the competitive fitness of salmonella enterica serovar kentucky in the intestines of chickens. | salmonella enterica serovar kentucky has become the most frequently isolated serovar from poultry in the united states over the past decade. despite its prevalence in poultry, it causes few human illnesses in the united states. the dominance of s. kentucky in poultry does not appear to be due to single introduction of a clonal strain, and its reduced virulence appears to correlate with the absence of virulence genes grva, ssei, sope, and sodc1. s. kentucky's prevalence in poultry is possibly att ... | 2015 | 25362062 |
| pathogenicity of salmonella strains isolated from egg shells and the layer farm environment in australia. | in australia, the egg industry is periodically implicated during outbreaks of salmonella food poisoning. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and other nontyphoidal salmonella spp., in particular, are a major concern for australian public health. several definitive types of salmonella typhimurium strains, but primarily salmonella typhimurium definitive type 9 (dt9), have been frequently reported during egg-related food poisoning outbreaks in australia. the aim of the present study was to gene ... | 2015 | 25362057 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular typing of salmonella agona isolated from humans and other sources. | salmonella enterica serotype agona (salmonella agona) has been among the top 10 serotypes that cause human diarrheal diseases in china. a total of 95 salmonella agona (67 from humans, and 28 from animals, food of animal origins, and environmental sources) recovered in shanghai, china from 2005 to 2011 were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and molecular subtyping using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). approximately 68.4% of the salmonella agona isolates were pansusceptibl ... | 2014 | 25361176 |
| first fully closed genome sequence of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar cubana associated with a food-borne outbreak. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar cubana (salmonella serovar cubana) is associated with human and animal disease. here, we used third-generation, single-molecule, real-time dna sequencing to determine the first complete genome sequence of salmonella serovar cubana cfsan002050, which was isolated from fresh alfalfa sprouts during a multistate outbreak in 2012. | 2014 | 25359917 |
| survival of salmonella enterica in aerated and nonaerated wastewaters from dairy lagoons. | salmonella is the most commonly identified foodborne pathogen in produce, meat and poultry. cattle are known reservoirs of salmonella and the pathogen excreted in feces ends up in manure flush lagoons. salmonella enterica survival was monitored in wastewater from on-site holding lagoons equipped or not with circulating aerators at two dairies. all strains had poor survival rates and none proliferated in waters from aerated or settling lagoons. populations of all three salmonella serovars decline ... | 2014 | 25358096 |
| multi-drug resistance and reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin among salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolates from the middle east and central asia. | typhoid fever is common in developing countries, with an estimated 120 million infections and 700 000 annual deaths, worldwide. fluoroquinolones have been the treatment of choice for infection with multidrug-resistant (mdr) salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi). however, alarming reports of fluoroquinolone-resistance and failure of typhoid fever treatment have recently been published. to determine the proportion of s. typhi isolates with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (rsc) from ... | 2014 | 25356352 |
| performance of etest and disk diffusion for detection of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin resistance in salmonella enterica. | we compared etest and disk diffusion to broth microdilution for the detection of fluoroquinolone resistance in 135 typhoidal and nontyphoidal serovars of salmonella. categorical agreements for the ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin etests were 89.6 and 83.7%, respectively. disk diffusion categorical agreements were 88.2 and 93.3%, respectively. only minor errors were observed. | 2015 | 25355768 |
| mutualistic interaction between salmonella enterica and aspergillus niger and its effects on zea mays colonization. | salmonella typhimurium inhabits a variety of environments and is able to infect a broad range of hosts. throughout its life cycle, some hosts can act as intermediates in the path to the infection of others. aspergillus niger is a ubiquitous fungus that can often be found in soil or associated to plants and microbial consortia. recently, s. typhimurium was shown to establish biofilms on the hyphae of a. niger. in this work, we have found that this interaction is stable for weeks without a noticea ... | 2014 | 25351041 |
| biofilm formation by enteric pathogens and its role in plant colonization and persistence. | the significant increase in foodborne outbreaks caused by contaminated fresh produce, such as alfalfa sprouts, lettuce, melons, tomatoes and spinach, during the last 30 years stimulated investigation of the mechanisms of persistence of human pathogens on plants. emerging evidence suggests that salmonella enterica and escherichia coli, which cause the vast majority of fresh produce outbreaks, are able to adhere to and to form biofilms on plants leading to persistence and resistance to disinfectio ... | 2014 | 25351039 |
| temporal and anatomical host resistance to chronic salmonella infection is quantitatively dictated by nramp1 and influenced by host genetic background. | the lysosomal membrane transporter, nramp1, plays a key role in innate immunity and resistance to infection with intracellular pathogens such as non-typhoidal salmonella (nts). nts-susceptible c57bl/6 (b6) mice, which express the mutant nramp1d169 allele, are unable to control acute infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium following intraperitoneal or oral inoculation. introducing functional nramp1g169 into the b6 host background, either by constructing a congenic strain carrying n ... | 2014 | 25350459 |
| proteomes of host cell membranes modified by intracellular activities of salmonella enterica. | intracellular pathogens need to establish a growth-stimulating host niche for survival and replication. a unique feature of the gastrointestinal pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is the creation of extensive membrane networks within its host. an understanding of the origin and function of these membranes is crucial for the development of new treatment strategies. however, the characterization of this compartment is very challenging, and only fragmentary knowledge of its compositio ... | 2015 | 25348832 |
| evolutionary expansion of a regulatory network by counter-silencing. | horizontal gene transfer plays a major role in bacterial evolution. successful acquisition of new genes requires their incorporation into existing regulatory networks. this study compares the regulation of conserved genes in the phopq regulon of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium with that of phopq-regulated horizontally acquired genes, which are silenced by the histone-like protein h-ns. we demonstrate that phop upregulates conserved and horizontally acquired genes by distinct mechanisms. ... | 2014 | 25348042 |
| salmonella enterica in the chicken: how it has helped our understanding of immunology in a non-biomedical model species. | salmonella infection of the chicken is important both as a source of foodborne human salmonellosis and as a source of disease in the chicken itself. vaccination and other control strategies require an understanding of the immune response and as such have been important in understanding both mucosal immunity and more generally the response to bacterial infection. in this review, we discuss the contribution the study of avian salmonellosis has made to understanding innate immunity including the fu ... | 2014 | 25346731 |
| immune response of salmonella challenged broiler chickens fed diets containing gallipro®, a bacillus subtilis probiotic. | this study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding a probiotic, bacillus subtilis, on antibody titers against newcastle and infectious bursal viruses in broiler chickens challenged with salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. one hundred and sixty 1-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four treatments in a completely randomized design. the treatments were negative control, probiotic-treated group, challenged group, and challenged probiotic treated group. salmonella chall ... | 2015 | 25344127 |
| comparative analysis of gene expression: uncovering expression conservation and divergence between salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strains lt2 and 14028s. | different strains of the same organism can share a large amount of their genetic material, the so called core pangenome. nevertheless, these species can display different lifestyles and it is still not well known to what extent the core pangenome plays a role in the divergence of lifestyles between the two organisms. here, we present a procedure for uncovering the conservation and divergence of gene expression by using large expression compendia. we will use data from two salmonella enterica ser ... | 2015 | 25343862 |
| convergent evolution in the assembly of polyubiquitin degradation signals by the shigella flexneri ipah9.8 ligase. | the human pathogen shigella flexneri subverts host function and defenses by deploying a cohort of effector proteins via a type iii secretion system. the ipah family of 10 such effectors mimics ubiquitin ligases but bears no sequence or structural homology to their eukaryotic counterpoints. using rates of (125)i-polyubiquitin chain formation as a functional read out, ipah9.8 displays v-type positive cooperativity with respect to varying concentrations of its ubc5b∼(125)i-ubiquitin thioester co-su ... | 2014 | 25342744 |
| complete genome sequence of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis strain sej. | salmonella enterica constitutes a group of enteric pathogens with a broad host range, including humans, reptiles, and birds. s. enterica subsp. enterica is a common cause of inflammatory diarrhea in humans. we present the draft genome of s. enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis strain sej, including a 59-kbp plasmid. | 2014 | 25342692 |
| evaluation of the live vaccine efficacy of virulence plasmid-cured, and phop- or aroa-deficient salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in mice. | we evaluated the protective efficacy of 94-kb virulence plasmid-cured, and phop- or aroa-deficient strains of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (δphop or δaroa s. typhimurium) as oral vaccine candidates in balb/c mice. two weeks after the completion of 3 oral immunizations with 1 × 10(8) colony-forming units (cfu) of virulence plasmid-cured, and δphop or δaroa s. typhimurium at 10-day intervals, s. typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (lps)-specific mucosal secretory immunoglobulin a (s-iga) ant ... | 2015 | 25341392 |
| drug resistance in salmonella enterica ser. typhimurium bloodstream infection, malawi. | 2014 | 25340988 | |
| esbl-producing salmonella enterica serovar typhi in traveler returning from guatemala to spain. | we report a case of typhoid fever in a traveler returning to spain from guatemala that was caused by salmonella enterica serovar typhi which produced an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl). this finding demonstrates the presence of esbl-producing s. enterica ser. typhi strains in the americas. enhanced surveillance is necessary to prevent further spread. | 2014 | 25340972 |
| recovery from an acute infection in c. elegans requires the gata transcription factor elt-2. | the mechanisms involved in the recognition of microbial pathogens and activation of the immune system have been extensively studied. however, the mechanisms involved in the recovery phase of an infection are incompletely characterized at both the cellular and physiological levels. here, we establish a caenorhabditis elegans-salmonella enterica model of acute infection and antibiotic treatment for studying biological changes during the resolution phase of an infection. using whole genome expressi ... | 2014 | 25340560 |
| the master activator of inca/c conjugative plasmids stimulates genomic islands and multidrug resistance dissemination. | dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes occurs mostly by conjugation, which mediates dna transfer between cells in direct contact. conjugative plasmids of the inca/c incompatibility group have become a substantial threat due to their broad host-range, the extended spectrum of antimicrobial resistance they confer, their prevalence in enteric bacteria and their very efficient spread by conjugation. however, their biology remains largely unexplored. using the inca/c conjugative plasmid pvcr94δ ... | 2014 | 25340549 |
| salmonella-host interactions - modulation of the host innate immune system. | salmonella enterica (s. enterica) are gram-negative bacteria that can invade a broad range of hosts causing both acute and chronic infections. this phenotype is related to its ability to replicate and persist within non-phagocytic host epithelial cells as well as phagocytic dendritic cells and macrophages of the innate immune system. infection with s. enterica manifests itself through a broad range of clinical symptoms and can result in asymptomatic carriage, gastroenteritis, systemic disease su ... | 2014 | 25339955 |
| lyn deficiency leads to increased microbiota-dependent intestinal inflammation and susceptibility to enteric pathogens. | the lyn tyrosine kinase governs the development and function of various immune cells, and its dysregulation has been linked to malignancy and autoimmunity. using models of chemically induced colitis and enteric infection, we show that lyn plays a critical role in regulating the intestinal microbiota and inflammatory responses as well as protection from enteric pathogens. lyn(-/-) mice were highly susceptible to dextran sulfate sodium (dss) colitis, characterized by significant wasting, rectal bl ... | 2014 | 25339668 |
| characteristic and functional analysis of a newly established porcine small intestinal epithelial cell line. | the mucosal surface of intestine is continuously exposed to both potential pathogens and beneficial commensal microorganisms. recent findings suggest that intestinal epithelial cells, which once considered as a simple physical barrier, are a crucial cell lineage necessary for maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis. therefore, establishing a stable and reliable intestinal epithelial cell line for future research on the mucosal immune system is necessary. in the present study, we established a ... | 2014 | 25337908 |
| the mutagenicity analysis of imidapril hydrochloride and its degradant, diketopiperazine derivative, nitrosation mixtures by in vitro ames test with two strains of salmonella typhimurium. | the evaluation of mutagenic properties of imidapril hydrochloride (imd) and its degradation impurity, diketopiperazine derivative (dkp), nitrosation mixtures was conducted in order to analyze the carcinogenic risk of imd long-term treatment in patients. in this study an in vitro ames test with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium ta 98 and ta 100 strains was used. | 2014 | 25337415 |
| transcriptional specialization of human dendritic cell subsets in response to microbial vaccines. | the mechanisms by which microbial vaccines interact with human apcs remain elusive. herein, we describe the transcriptional programs induced in human dcs by pathogens, innate receptor ligands and vaccines. exposure of dcs to influenza, salmonella enterica and staphylococcus aureus allows us to build a modular framework containing 204 transcript clusters. we use this framework to characterize the responses of human monocytes, monocyte-derived dcs and blood dc subsets to 13 vaccines. different vac ... | 2014 | 25335753 |
| identification of antigenic proteins of the nosocomial pathogen klebsiella pneumoniae. | the continuous expansion of nosocomial infections around the globe has become a precarious situation. key challenges include mounting dissemination of multiple resistances to antibiotics, the easy transmission and the growing mortality rates of hospital-acquired bacterial diseases. thus, new ways to rapidly detect these infections are vital. consequently, researchers around the globe pursue innovative approaches for point-of-care devices. in many cases the specific interaction of an antigen and ... | 2014 | 25333280 |
| an evaluation of alternative methods for constructing phylogenies from whole genome sequence data: a case study with salmonella. | comparative genomics based on whole genome sequencing (wgs) is increasingly being applied to investigate questions within evolutionary and molecular biology, as well as questions concerning public health (e.g., pathogen outbreaks). given the impact that conclusions derived from such analyses may have, we have evaluated the robustness of clustering individuals based on wgs data to three key factors: (1) next-generation sequencing (ngs) platform (hiseq, miseq, iontorrent, 454, and solid), (2) algo ... | 2014 | 25332847 |
| a bivalent typhoid live vector vaccine expressing both chromosome- and plasmid-encoded yersinia pestis antigens fully protects against murine lethal pulmonary plague infection. | live attenuated bacteria hold great promise as multivalent mucosal vaccines against a variety of pathogens. a major challenge of this approach has been the successful delivery of sufficient amounts of vaccine antigens to adequately prime the immune system without overattenuating the live vaccine. here we used a live attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhi strain to create a bivalent mucosal plague vaccine that produces both the protective f1 capsular antigen of yersinia pestis and the lcrv ... | 2015 | 25332120 |
| salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis and listeria monocytogenes in mango (mangifera indica l.) pulp: growth, survival and cross-contamination. | this study examined the ability of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis and listeria monocytogenes to grow or survive in mango pulp stored at -20°c, 4°c, 10°c and 25°c, as well as to cross-contaminate mangoes by means of a knife contaminated with different levels of these pathogens. | 2014 | 25328926 |
| synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of biodegradable films prepared from schiff bases of zein. | pure zein is known to be very hydrophobic, but is still inappropriate for coating and film applications because of their brittle nature. in an attempt to improve the flexibility and the antimicrobial activity of these coatings and films, chemical modification of zein through forming schiff bases with different phenolic aldhydes was tried. influence of this modifications on mechanical, topographical, wetting properties and antimicrobial activity of zein films were evaluated. the chemical structur ... | 2014 | 25328181 |
| pathogenic enterobacteria in lemurs associated with anthropogenic disturbance. | as human population density continues to increase exponentially, speeding the reduction and fragmentation of primate habitat, greater human-primate contact is inevitable, making higher rates of pathogen transmission likely. anthropogenic effects are particularly evident in madagascar, where a diversity of endemic lemur species are threatened by rapid habitat loss. despite these risks, knowledge of how anthropogenic activities affect lemur exposure to pathogens is limited. to improve our understa ... | 2014 | 25328106 |
| acid exposure induces multiplication of salmonella enterica serovar typhi. | salmonella enterica serovar typhi faces several environmental stresses while going through the stomach (acidic ph) to the small intestine (basic ph) and intracellularly in macrophages (acidic ph) in humans. the acidic ph followed by alkaline ph in the small intestine might be responsible for expression of certain stress-induced genes, resulting in not only better survival but also induction of multiplication and invasion of the bacterium in the small intestine. based on this hypothesis, we devel ... | 2014 | 25320227 |
| dna phosphorothioate modifications influence the global transcriptional response and protect dna from double-stranded breaks. | the modification of dna by phosphorothioate (pt) occurs when the non-bridging oxygen in the sugar-phosphate backbone of dna is replaced with sulfur. this dna backbone modification was recently discovered and is governed by the dndabcde genes in a diverse group of bacteria and archaea. however, the biological function of dna pt modifications is poorly understood. in this study, we employed the rna-seq analysis to characterize the global transcriptional changes in response to pt modifications. our ... | 2014 | 25319634 |
| detection of zoonotic pathogens and characterization of novel viruses carried by commensal rattus norvegicus in new york city. | norway rats (rattus norvegicus) are globally distributed and concentrate in urban environments, where they live and feed in closer proximity to human populations than most other mammals. despite the potential role of rats as reservoirs of zoonotic diseases, the microbial diversity present in urban rat populations remains unexplored. in this study, we used targeted molecular assays to detect known bacterial, viral, and protozoan human pathogens and unbiased high-throughput sequencing to identify ... | 2014 | 25316698 |
| osteomyelitis caused by salmonella enterica serovar derby in boa constrictor. | after demonstrating chronic weight loss, prostration, and muscle flaccidness, a captive-bred 9-mo-old boa constrictor (boa constrictor constrictor) died and was submitted for necropsy. along the spinal column there were multiple, yellowish white, macroscopic nodules of 1-5 mm in diameter in the ventral side of the vertebral body and in the intervertebral spaces. severe multifocal necrotizing osteomyelitis associated with granulomatous inflammation was the main histologic finding in the vertebral ... | 2014 | 25314834 |
| antimicrobial profile of essential oils extracted from wild versus cultivated origanum ehrenberjii against enteric bacteria. | the role of origanum ehrenberjii against bacteria that cause enteric diseases is well known. salmonella and enterococcus cause high rates of enteric infections around the world. the aim of this study was to extract essential oils from cultivated and naturally growing o. ehrenberjii, compare the chemical profiles of the extracts and estimate their antimicrobial efficacy against enteric pathogens. | 2014 | 25313614 |
| lon-mediated proteolysis of the feoc protein prevents salmonella enterica from accumulating the fe(ii) transporter feob under high-oxygen conditions. | the salmonella feo system consists of the feoa, feob, and feoc proteins and mediates ferrous iron [fe(ii)] import. feob is an inner membrane protein that, along with contributions from two small hydrophilic proteins, feoa and feoc, transports fe(ii). we previously reported that feoc binds to and protects the feob transporter from ftsh-mediated proteolysis. in the present study, we report proteolytic regulation of feoc that occurs in an oxygen-dependent fashion. while relatively stable under low- ... | 2015 | 25313398 |
| flgm is secreted by the flagellar export apparatus in bacillus subtilis. | the bacterial flagellum is assembled from over 20 structural components, and flagellar gene regulation is morphogenetically coupled to the assembly state by control of the anti-sigma factor flgm. in the gram-negative bacterium salmonella enterica, flgm inhibits late-class flagellar gene expression until the hook-basal body structural intermediate is completed and flgm is inhibited by secretion from the cytoplasm. here we demonstrate that flgm is also secreted in the gram-positive bacterium bacil ... | 2015 | 25313396 |
| inhibition of salmonella enterica biofilm formation using small-molecule adenosine mimetics. | biofilms have been widely implicated in chronic infections and environmental persistence of salmonella enterica, facilitating enhanced colonization of surfaces and increasing the ability of the bacteria to be transmitted to new hosts. salmonella enterica serovar typhi biofilm formation on gallstones from humans and mice enhances gallbladder colonization and bacterial shedding, while salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium biofilms facilitate long-term persistence in a number of environments impo ... | 2015 | 25313216 |
| pathogenicity and phenotypic analysis of sopb, sopd and pipd virulence factors in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and salmonella enterica serovar agona. | salmonella is an important food-borne pathogen causing disease in humans and animals worldwide. salmonellosis may be caused by any one of over 2,500 serovars of salmonella. nonetheless, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and salmonella enterica serovar agona are the second most prevalent serovars isolated from humans and livestock products respectively. limited knowledge is available about the virulence mechanisms responsible for diarrheal disease caused by them. to investigate the contribu ... | 2015 | 25312847 |
| detection of different serotypes of salmonella enterica in experimentally inoculated equine fecal samples by commercially available rapid tests. | salmonella enterica can significantly impact management of animal facilities. comprehensive screening is essential for effective control in high-risk populations. availability of reliable point-of-care diagnostic tests would facilitate these efforts. | 2017 | 25312330 |
| protective immunity against enteral stages of trichinella spiralis elicited in mice by live attenuated salmonella vaccine that secretes a 30-mer parasite epitope fused to the molecular adjuvant c3d-p28. | the development of a veterinary vaccine against t. spiralis infection is an alternative strategy to control trichinellosis. in an effort to develop an efficient vaccine, balb/c mice were immunized with attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium sl3261 that expresses a 30-mer peptide (ag30) derived from the gp43 of t. spiralis muscle larvae fused to three copies of the molecular adjuvant p28 (ag30-p283) and it was either displayed on the surface or secreted by recombinant salmonella strai ... | 2014 | 25311159 |
| trna modification enzymes gida and mnme: potential role in virulence of bacterial pathogens. | transfer rna (trna) is an rna molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis. these trnas function at the peptidyl (p) and aminoacyl (a) binding sites of the ribosome during translation, with each codon being recognized by a specific trna. due to this specificity, trna modification is essential for translational efficiency. many enzymes have been implicated in the modification of bacterial trnas, and these enzymes may complex with one another or interact individually wi ... | 2014 | 25310651 |
| an ail family protein promotes type three secretion system-1-independent invasion and pathogenesis of salmonella enterica serovar typhi. | adhesion and invasion of intestinal epithelial cells (iecs) are critical for the pathogenesis of salmonella typhi, the aetiological agent of human typhoid fever. while type three secretion system-1 (t3ss-1) is a major invasion apparatus of salmonella, independent invasion mechanisms were described for non-typhoidal salmonellae. here, we show that t2942, an ail-like protein of s. typhi ty2 strain, is required for adhesion and invasion of cultured iecs. that invasion was t3ss-1 independent was pro ... | 2015 | 25308535 |
| salmonella typhimurium strain atcc14028 requires h2-hydrogenases for growth in the gut, but not at systemic sites. | salmonella enterica is a common cause of diarrhea. for eliciting disease, the pathogen has to colonize the gut lumen, a site colonized by the microbiota. this process/initial stage is incompletely understood. recent work established that one particular strain, salmonella enterica subspecies 1 serovar typhimurium strain sl1344, employs the hyb h2-hydrogenase for consuming microbiota-derived h2 to support gut luminal pathogen growth: protons from the h2-splitting reaction contribute to the proton ... | 2014 | 25303479 |
| complete genome sequence of salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis vaccine strain c500 attenuated by chemical mutation. | salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis strain c500 is a live vaccine attenuated by chemical methods. here, we report the complete genome sequence of the strain, which may be helpful for elucidating the attenuation mechanism of the vaccine strain. | 2014 | 25301657 |
| antimicrobial activity of fermented theobroma cacao pod husk extract. | theobroma cacao l. contains more than 500 different chemical compounds some of which have been traditionally used for their antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, immunomodulatory, vasodilatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial activities. spontaneous aerobic fermentation of cacao husks yields a crude husk extract (che) with antimicrobial activity. che was fractioned by solvent partition with polar solvent extraction or by silica gel chromatography and a total of 12 sub-fractions were analyzed for chemical ... | 2014 | 25299086 |
| study on the promotion of bacterial biofilm formation by a salmonella conjugative plasmid and the underlying mechanism. | to investigate the effect of the prst98 plasmid, originally isolated from salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi), on biofilm (bf) formation, we carried out in vitro experiments using s. typhi, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) and escherichia coli (e. coli). we further explored the effects of prst98 in vivo by establishing two animal models, a tumor-bearing mouse model and a mouse urethral catheter model. moreover, we examined the relationship between the quorum-sens ... | 2014 | 25299072 |
| development of a new molecular subtyping tool for salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis based on single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping using pcr. | the lack of a sufficiently discriminatory molecular subtyping tool for salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis has hindered source attribution efforts and impeded regulatory actions required to disrupt its food-borne transmission. the underlying biological reason for the ineffectiveness of current molecular subtyping tools such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and phage typing appears to be related to the high degree of clonality of s. enteritidis. by interrogating the organism's genom ... | 2014 | 25297333 |
| [study on the molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of salmonella enterica serovar pomona]. | to study the epidemiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance of salmonella enterica serovar pomona (s. pomona). | 2014 | 25294079 |
| bacterial nucleoid-associated protein uncouples transcription levels from transcription timing. | the histone-like nucleoid-structuring (h-ns) protein binds to horizontally acquired genes in the bacterium salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, silencing their expression. we now report that overcoming the silencing effects of h-ns imposes a delay in the expression of genes activated by the transcriptional regulator phop. we determine that phop-activated genes ancestral to salmonella are expressed before those acquired horizontally. this expression timing reflects the in vivo occupancy of th ... | 2014 | 25293763 |
| a comparison of the bax system method to the u.s. food and drug administration's bacteriological analytical manual and international organization for standardization reference methods for the detection of salmonella in a variety of soy ingredients. | the performances of two dupont bax system pcr assays for detecting salmonella on a variety of low-moisture soy ingredients were evaluated against the u. s. food and drug administration's bacteriological analytical manual (fda bam) method or the international organization for standardization (iso) 6579 reference method. these evaluations were conducted as a single laboratory validation at an iso 17025 accredited third-party laboratory. validations were conducted on five soy ingredients: isolated ... | 2014 | 25285497 |
| salmonella serovars and antimicrobial resistance in strains isolated from wild animals in captivity in sinaloa, mexico. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of antibiotic resistance in salmonella spp. strains from wild animals in captivity at the culiacan zoo and the mazatlan aquarium in sinaloa, mexico. we identified 17 different salmonella enterica serovars at a prevalence of 19.90% (culiacan zoo) and 6.25% (mazatlan aquarium). antibiotic sensitivity tests revealed that, of the 83 strains studied, 100% were multidrug resistant (mdr). the drugs against which the greatest resistance was obse ... | 2014 | 25282954 |
| microarray-based detection of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis genes involved in chicken reproductive tract colonization. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis has developed the potential to contaminate table eggs internally, by colonization of the chicken reproductive tract and internalization in the forming egg. the serotype enteritidis has developed mechanisms to colonize the chicken oviduct more successfully than other serotypes. until now, the strategies exploited by salmonella enteritidis to do so have remained largely unknown. for that reason, a microarray-based transposon library screen was used to identi ... | 2014 | 25281378 |
| first complete genome sequence of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strain atcc 13311 (nctc 74), a reference strain of multidrug resistance, as achieved by use of pacbio single-molecule real-time technology. | we report the first complete genomic sequence of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strain atcc 13311, the leading food-borne pathogen and a reference strain used in drug resistance studies. de novo assembly with pacbio sequencing completed its chromosome and one plasmid. they will accelerate the investigation into multidrug resistance in salmonella typhimurium. | 2014 | 25278532 |
| microbiological analysis of environmental samples collected from child care facilities in north and south carolina. | children cared for outside the home are at an increased risk of enteric disease. microbiological analyses were performed on environmental samples collected from child care facilities in north and south carolina. | 2014 | 25278392 |
| use of a live attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine on farrow-to-finish pig farms. | salmonella enterica infection in pigs is economically important and poses a zoonotic risk. in this study, the efficacy of an attenuated s. enterica serovar typhimurium strain was evaluated in three farrow-to-finish pig herds. in each herd, 120 piglets were vaccinated orally at 3 and 24 days of age, while 120 piglets served as unvaccinated controls. faeces, ileocaecal lymph nodes and caecal contents were examined for s. typhimurium by isolation and serum was analysed for antibodies against s. typ ... | 2014 | 25278382 |
| survival and fate of salmonella enterica serovar montevideo in adult horn flies (diptera: muscidae). | contamination of cattle peripheral lymph nodes with salmonella enterica is proposed to occur via a transdermal route of entry. if so, bacteria may be introduced to cattle by biting arthropods. biting flies, such as horn flies (haematobia irritans irritans (l.)) (diptera: muscidae), are intriguing candidates for transmitting salmonella to cattle because they provide a route of entry when they breach the skin barrier during blood feeding. using a green fluorescent protein-expressing strain of salm ... | 2014 | 25276929 |
| molecular typing, antibiotic resistance, virulence gene and biofilm formation of different salmonella enterica serotypes. | salmonella enterica isolates representing commonly isolated serotypes in tunisia were analyzed using genotyping and phenotyping methods. eric and its-pcr applied to 48 salmonella spp. isolates revealed the presence of 12 and 10 different profiles, respectively. the distribution of profiles among serotypes demonstrated the presence of strains showing an identical fingerprinting pattern. all salmonella strains used in this study were positive for the sdia gene. three salmonella isolates belonging ... | 2014 | 25273985 |
| salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis antimicrobial peptide resistance genes aid in defense against chicken innate immunity, fecal shedding, and egg deposition. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) is a major etiologic agent of nontyphoid salmonellosis in the united states. s. enteritidis persistently and silently colonizes the intestinal and reproductive tract of laying hens, resulting in contaminated poultry products. the consumption of contaminated poultry products has been identified as a significant risk factor for human salmonellosis. to understand the mechanisms s. enteritidis utilizes to colonize and persist in laying hens, w ... | 2014 | 25267840 |
| sensitization of intracellular salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to aminoglycosides in vitro and in vivo by a host-targeted antimicrobial agent. | aminoglycosides exhibit relatively poor activity against intracellular salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium due to their low permeativity across eukaryotic cell membranes. previously, we identified the unique ability of ar-12, a celecoxib-derived small-molecule agent, to eradicate intracellular salmonella typhimurium in macrophages by facilitating autophagosome formation and suppressing akt kinase signaling. in light of this unique mode of antibacterial action, we investigated the ability of ... | 2014 | 25267669 |
| thiouracil-forming bacteria identified and characterized upon porcine in vitro digestion of brassicaceae feed. | in recent years, the frequent detection of the banned thyreostat thiouracil (tu) in livestock urine has been related to endogenous tu formation following digestion of glucosinolate-rich brassicaceae crops. recently, it was demonstrated that, upon in vitro digestion of brassicaceae, fecal bacteria induce tu detection in livestock (porcine livestock > bovines). therefore, the present study was intended to isolate and identify bacteria involved in this intestinal tu formation upon brassicaceae dige ... | 2014 | 25261511 |
| co-occurrence of free-living protozoa and foodborne pathogens on dishcloths: implications for food safety. | in the present study, the occurrence of free-living protozoa (flp) and foodborne bacterial pathogens on dishcloths was investigated. dishcloths form a potentially important source of cross-contamination with flp and foodborne pathogens in food-related environments. first various protocols for recovering and quantifying flp from dishcloths were assessed. the stomacher technique is recommended to recover flagellates and amoebae from dishcloths. ciliates, however, were more efficiently recovered us ... | 2014 | 25260173 |