Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| action spectrum of antiviral factor from chicken sera. | rous sarcoma virus infections of regressor line chickens stimulate the transient production of antiviral factors in the serum. earlier the present authors reported that a viral neutralization factor (vnf) inactivated rous sarcoma virus during a 3-h incubation. the vnf is likely to have a broad antiviral and antimicrobial spectrum because it is active against several unrelated pathogenic poultry viruses. the present study measured the activity of vnf against newcastle disease virus, infectious bu ... | 1991 | 1664518 |
| cross-protection studies with vaccine strain h-120 of infectious bronchitis virus using ciliary activity. | forty 3-day-old chickens were immunized intratracheally and another 40 intranasally-intraocularly with vaccine strain h-120 of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). the chickens were divided into groups of five and each group was challenged intratracheally or intranasally-intraocularly with one of 8 different heterologous strains of ibv 4 weeks after vaccination. the vaccinated chickens were protected against challenge with three heterologous strains (massachusetts m41, b and aeg), showing 89, 86 a ... | 1991 | 1661063 |
| immunization of day-old chicks having maternally derived antibodies against infectious bronchitis: degree of protection as monitored by ciliary activity after intratracheal challenge. | one-day-old chicks with maternally derived antibodies were vaccinated against infectious bronchitis (ib) with 3000 eid50 of the ib vaccine virus designated h120. the degree of protection induced by intranasal-eye drop (ie) vaccination was compared to that achieved by spray (s) vaccination. the protection afforded by vaccination was monitored by intratracheal challenge with ibv strain m-41 (clinical signs, ciliary activity in tracheal explants, virus isolation) and by serological tests (ovoneutra ... | 1991 | 1661062 |
| igm responses in chicken serum to live and inactivated infectious bronchitis virus vaccines. | intramuscular (i.m.) administration of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) oil-emulsion vaccine (oev) to ibv-primed or unprimed chickens resulted in the production of zero or minimal concentrations of ibv-specific igm in the serum, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of gel chromatography fractions. live-attenuated infectious bronchitis (ib) vaccine given i.m. or by eyedrop stimulated the production of ibv-specific igm in similar amounts following inoculation by both routes. these lev ... | 1991 | 1659365 |
| protein pi alteration related to strain variation of infectious bronchitis virus, an avian coronavirus. | viral proteins of two strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), which have different tissue trophism and serology, were separated on the basis of their isoelectric points (pi). the viruses have four structural proteins; the protein of greatest serological importance is found at the peplomer tip. the viral structural proteins separated by isoelectric focusing were identified by comparison to sds-page separations. three protein bands were identical in pi and one protein band showed a differenc ... | 1991 | 1658026 |
| safety and efficacy of the cell-associated vaccine prepared by an attenuated infectious laryngotracheitis virus. | the safety and efficacy of the cell-associated (c-a) vaccine prepared by chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) cells infected with the tissue-culture-modified strain of infectious laryngotracheitis (ilt) virus were studied in chickens. over seventy percent of chickens inoculated with the c-a vaccine by the subcutaneous (s.c.) or intramuscular (i.m.) route at 1 day of age was protected against challenge with a virulent strain of ilt virus without any clinical signs. chickens vaccinated with the c-a vac ... | 1991 | 1657213 |
| a golgi retention signal in a membrane-spanning domain of coronavirus e1 protein. | the e1 glycoprotein from an avian coronavirus is a model protein for studying retention in the golgi complex. in animal cells expressing the protein from cdna, the e1 protein is targeted to cis golgi cisternae (machamer, c. e., s. a. mentone, j. k. rose, and m. g. farquhar. 1990. proc. natl. acad. sci. usa. 87:6944-6948). we show that the first of the three membrane-spanning domains of the e1 protein can retain two different plasma membrane proteins in the golgi region of transfected cells. both ... | 1991 | 1655802 |
| efficacy of australian vaccines against recent isolates of avian infectious bronchitis viruses. | 1991 | 1653564 | |
| a polycistronic mrna specified by the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | the third largest of the nested set of subgenomic mrnas (mrna3) from the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) contains three separate open reading frames (3a, 3b, and 3c) which are not present on the next smallest of the mrnas, suggesting that this mrna may be functionally polycistronic. however, although a protein product has been identified from the 3c open reading frame, to date the coding function of 3a and 3b has not been established. we present nucleotide sequence data suggesting ... | 1991 | 1653486 |
| viral pathogenesis of a nephrotropic infectious bronchitis virus isolated from commercial pullets. | infectious bronchitis was diagnosed in 3-to-4-week-old pullets from an outbreak in a commercial flock in california. the disease was characterized by head swelling, watery discharge from the eyes and nostrils, and urates in kidneys. mortality ranged from 1.8% to 12.5% per week. the isolation of a coronavirus from a suspension of pooled kidneys from clinically ill chickens at the fifth passage in 10-day-old chicken embryos, gross and histologic renal lesions, and seroconversion by enzyme-linked i ... | 1991 | 1649594 |
| effects of an arkansas strain of infectious bronchitis vaccine on the head-associated lymphoid tissue (halt). | chicks were vaccinated with an arkansas strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine when they were 1 day (trial 1) or 4 weeks old (trial 2). starting at 4 weeks 3 days of age, chicks in both trials were subjected to an assay that measures the immunofunctional response of the gland of harder (gh), one of the components of the head-associated lymphoid tissue (halt). the assay involved multiple ocular exposures to killed brucella abortus antigen, after which tears were collected and titered ... | 1991 | 1649590 |
| variability in a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system. ii. laboratory variability. | an experiment was conducted to determine the amount of variability that occurred in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays when samples from common serum pools were assayed in five different labs on three consecutive days. low- (approximately 1:2000), medium- (approximately 1:4000), and high-titered (approximately 1:8000) serum pools were distributed to five poultry industry laboratories that cooperated in the study. results varied significantly among different laboratories and among different days ... | 1991 | 1649589 |
| variability in a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system. i. assay variability. | three experiments were conducted to characterize the variation in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kits for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). expt. 1 was carried out to determine the variation in assay results when the same pools of low-, medium-, and high-titered serum were assayed. significant variation occurred among separate lots and among test plates within the same lots for the ibv and ibdv assays. in most cases, variability between days ... | 1991 | 1649588 |
| effect of in ovo bursectomy on the course of an infectious bronchitis virus infection in line c white leghorn chickens. | white leghorn line c chicks were surgically bursectomised (bx) in ovo to eliminate antibody production. after inoculation with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) at 14 days after hatching, bx chicks experienced a more severe and longer lasting infection than intact chicks. the severity and duration of clinical infection in the bx chicks resembled that previously observed in the highly susceptible line 15i chicks, however no increase in mortality was observed, in contrast to the high levels of mor ... | 1991 | 1648896 |
| x-ray microanalytical investigation of the response of chicken proximal tubule cells to infection with avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the technique for x-ray microanalysis of frozen-hydrated bulk specimens was used to determine the intracellular and luminal fluid electrolyte concentrations in the proximal tubules of kidneys from chickens infected with infectious bronchitis virus. eight days post-infection with this virus there were significant changes in the electrolyte composition when compared with values from normal control chickens. the intracellular sodium decreased from 43 to 36 mmol/l, the chloride fell from 41 to 31 mm ... | 1991 | 1645225 |
| internal entry of ribosomes on a tricistronic mrna encoded by infectious bronchitis virus. | mrna3 specified by the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus appears to be functionally tricistronic, having the capacity to encode three small proteins (3a, 3b, and 3c) from separate open reading frames (orfs). the mechanism by which this can occur was investigated through in vitro translation studies using synthetic mrnas containing the 3a, 3b, and 3c orfs, and the results suggest that translation of the most distal of the three orfs, that for 3c, is mediated by an unconventional, cap-indepe ... | 1992 | 1527853 |
| analysis of a 9.6 kb sequence from the 3' end of canine coronavirus genomic rna. | we have analysed the organization of the 3' end of the genomic rna of canine coronavirus (ccv), a virus which has a close antigenic relationship to transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv) and feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv). genomic rna isolated from ccv strain insavc-1-infected a72 cells was used to generate a cdna library. overlapping clones, spanning approximately 9.6 kb [from the 3' end of the polymerase gene, 1b, to the poly(a) tail] wer ... | 1992 | 1431811 |
| a procedure for rna pseudoknot prediction. | the rna pseudoknot has been proposed as a significant structural motif in a wide range of biological processes of rnas. a pseudoknot involves intramolecular pairing of bases in a hairpin loop with bases outside the stem of the loop to form a second stem and loop region. in this study, we propose a method for searching and predicting pseudoknots that are likely to have functional meaning. in our procedure, the orthodox hairpin structure involved in the pseudoknot is required to be both statistica ... | 1992 | 1378773 |
| location of antigenic sites defined by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies on the s1 avian infectious bronchitis virus glycopolypeptide. | neutralizing monoclonal antibodies directed against five antigenic sites on the spike (s) s1 glycopolypeptide of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were used to select neutralization-resistant variants of the virus. by comparing the nucleotide sequence of such variants with the sequence of the ibv parent strain, we located five antigenic sites on the amino acid sequence of the s1 glycopolypeptide. the variants had mutations within three regions corresponding to amino acid residues 24 to 61, ... | 1992 | 1372036 |
| comparison of different computational methods for measuring antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis virus in single serum dilution. | twenty-eight one-day-old chickens with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) maternal antibodies were immunized with strain h120 (bronchovac-i, phylaxia) in spray form. the chickens were kept in an isolator. on day 42 and 56 the chickens were immunized with ibv strain m41 (10(3.0)eid50/0.1 ml). serum antibody titres were measured by both serial dilution and single dilution elisa on day 42, 56 and 76. "twice negative average" (tna), "sample to positive" (sp) and "subtraction method" (sm) titres were ... | 1992 | 1339061 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to three infectious bronchitis virus serotypes. | three panels of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were prepared against the spike (s) proteins of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains arkansas 99, connecticut 46, and massachusetts 41. based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), the mabs were grouped into three categories: 1) group-specific, which reacted with a broad spectrum of homologous and heterologous ibv serotypes; 2) serotype-specific, which reacted only with strains of the homologous serotype; and 3) strain-specific, which reac ... | 1992 | 1336663 |
| escherichia coli multiplication and lesions in the respiratory tract of chickens inoculated with infectious bronchitis virus and/or e. coli. | escherichia coli numbers and histopathological changes were studied in the respiratory tract of line 151 chickens intranasally inoculated with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and/or virulent e. coli; this line is highly susceptible to ibv. chickens inoculated with ibv alone showed increased numbers of e. coli in the trachea and had tracheitis, airsacculitis, and bronchiolitis. one of 17 chickens inoculated with ibv alone died with fibrinopurulent serositis. chickens inoculated with ibv and e. ... | 1992 | 1336661 |
| characterisation of an infectious bronchitis virus isolated from vaccinated broiler breeder flocks. | four apparently serologically closely related isolates of infectious bronchitis virus were obtained from two flocks of vaccinated broiler breeders, one mile apart, which were experiencing increased mortality and decreases in egg production. the isolates were serologically distinct from isolates previously described and capable of causing characteristic infectious bronchitis-like respiratory infection in young chicks. in one experiment, the h120 vaccine strain of the virus did not protect the tra ... | 1992 | 1334296 |
| comparative analyses of the nucleocapsid genes of several strains of infectious bronchitis virus and other coronaviruses. | the natural sequence variations of the nucleocapsid genes of the gray, arkansas99 (ark99), and holland52 (holl52) strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were determined. these were compared with previously published sequencing data of other ibv strains, as well as other coronaviruses, in order to correlate the serological and evolutionary relationship of coronaviruses. ibv nucleotide sequence alignment shows that overall the sequences are highly conserved, with homologies from 91.1 to 96.5 ... | 1992 | 1332275 |
| recent studies on the enterotropic strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis (aib) is an economically important disease of chickens. recent studies have revealed enterotropism by at least one strain of aib virus with pathological lesions in parts of the gut. this review highlights the findings of the studies so far made on this enterotropic strain of aib virus. | 1992 | 1323167 |
| the effect of mixed live vaccines of newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis on the chicken respiratory tract. | the effect of mixed live vaccines of newcastle disease (nd) and infectious bronchitis (ib) on specific pathogen-free chickens aged 7 days was investigated. the chickens were inoculated intranasally with mixed live vaccines with and without escherichia coli, or with e. coli alone. "vaccine 1" consisted of nd virus strain b1 and ib virus strain on; "vaccine 2" consisted of nd virus strain b1 and ib virus strain h120. the tracheas of chickens inoculated with the vaccines and e. coli and with the va ... | 1992 | 1322945 |
| neuraminidase treatment of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus reveals a hemagglutinating activity that is dependent on sialic acid-containing receptors on erythrocytes. | the interaction of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) with erythrocytes was analyzed. the binding activity of ibv was not sufficient to agglutinate chicken erythrocytes. however, it acquired hemagglutinating activity after treatment with neuraminidase to remove alpha 2,3-linked n-acetylneuraminic acid from the surface of the virion. pretreatment of erythrocytes with neuraminidase rendered the cells resistant to agglutination by ibv. susceptibility to agglutination was restored by resialylation of ... | 1992 | 1322604 |
| a 'new' strain of infectious bronchitis virus infecting domestic fowl in great britain. | 1992 | 1322579 | |
| [detection of antibodies to infectious bronchitis of fowl using the elisa, hemagglutination-inhibition test and agar-gel precipitation test]. | chicks of a conventional poultry flock, shaver starcross 288 hybrid, were vaccinated with infectious bronchitis (ib) virus h 120 at the age of 21 days. three weeks later, the chicks were divided into three groups and separate groups were infected with infectious bronchitis viruses m 41 and d 274 or revaccinated with virus h 120. the content of specific antibodies to antigens prepared from homologous and heterologous viruses of infectious bronchitis used for chick vaccination and infection was in ... | 1992 | 1322578 |
| infectious bronchitis virus detection in allantoic fluid using the polymerase chain reaction and a dna probe. | a rapid extraction procedure was developed to purify infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) rna from the allantoic fluid of inoculated embryonating eggs. reverse transcription of viral rna and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) were used to amplify the viral genome from eight different strains of ibv comprising five different serotypes. a biotinylated dna probe, prepared to a sequence within the pcr amplification product of the beaudette strain of ibv, was used in a dot-hybridization assay; it detec ... | 1992 | 1320869 |
| relationship of common avian pathogen antibody titers in so-called chicken anemia agent (caa)-antibody-positive chicks to titers in caa-antibody-negative chicks. | antibody titers for infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), infectious bronchitis virus, newcastle disease virus, and reovirus from chicks with chicken anemia agent (caa) antibodies were compared with antibody titers from their caa-antibody-negative counterparts. these comparisons were made in 396 chickens that were 1 day, 2 weeks, 8-9 weeks, 10 weeks, 17 weeks, or 29-32 weeks old. only one serum sample was collected from any given chick or chicken. there were no significant differences between ... | 1992 | 1320864 |
| molecular detection of infectious bursal disease virus by polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was applied to the detection of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). reverse transcription followed by the pcr was used to amplify a portion of ibdv genome. a set of primers that specify a 150-base-pair segment of ibdv genome was chosen from an australian strain of ibdv. standard challenge strain and variant strains a, d, e, g, and gls-5 of ibdv serotype 1 and oh strain of serotype 2 from infected bursae were subjected to reverse transcription, fo ... | 1992 | 1320861 |
| antigen dependent adjuvant activity of a polydispersed beta-(1,4)-linked acetylated mannan (acemannan). | the adjuvant properties of a polydispersed beta-(1,4)-linked acetylated mannan, acemannan (ace-m), were evaluated. day-old broiler chicks were randomly selected and allocated to four flocks (vac 1-4). the vac 1 flock was sham vaccinated with saline. the vac 2 flock was vaccinated with an oil-based vaccine (breedervac iii; newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) and infectious bronchitis virus). the vac 3 flock was vaccinated with a vaccine-ace-m mixture, and the vac ... | 1992 | 1320308 |
| induction of anti-viral immune responses by immunization with recombinant-dna encoded avian coronavirus nucleocapsid protein. | immune responses to the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) nucleocapsid protein were studied using a recombinant-dna expression product. in mice, a lymphocyte proliferative response and a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to ibv were induced upon immunization with this nucleocapsid protein. next, we studied the role of the expressed nucleocapsid protein in induction of a protective immune response to ibv in chickens. chickens were primed with nucleocapsid protein and subsequently boosted wit ... | 1992 | 1311490 |
| rapid detection and identification of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | a rapid and sensitive method for the detection and unambiguous typing of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is described. rna was isolated from ibv-infected allantoic fluid and was transcribed into cdna. this cdna was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. the polymerase chain reaction products were subsequently analyzed on an agarose gel. the presence of ibv-specific rna in the allantoic fluid then allowed the amplification of a 438-bp dna fragment from the nucleocapsid (n) gene. for the ty ... | 1992 | 1310335 |
| epithelia-damaging virus infections affect vitamin a status in chickens. | the effect of infection with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and reovirus (rv) on vitamin a status was investigated in chickens with a normal or marginal intake of vitamin a. at the age of 4 wk, chickens were infected with either ibv or rv, primarily affecting the respiratory or intestinal tract, respectively. both viruses lowered plasma retinol levels significantly. the effect was more pronounced in chickens fed a diet marginally deficient in vitamin a than in those fed a diet adequate in vit ... | 1992 | 1310111 |
| coronavirus ibv-induced membrane fusion occurs at near-neutral ph. | the lysosomotropic agent nh4cl caused a reduction of 80-95% in the number of chick kidney (ck) cells and vero cells infected by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain beaudette, as determined by immunofluorescence at the end of the first replication cycle. inhibition only occurred when nh4cl was present during the first 2 h after infection. syncytium formation was studied during replication of ibv-beaudette in vero cells. some cell-cell fusion occurred at ph 7.0 and ph 6.5 but it was optimal a ... | 1992 | 1309994 |
| identification of two new polypeptides encoded by mrna5 of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | the second smallest subgenomic messenger rna, mrna5, of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus includes in its "5' unique region" two separate open reading frames (5a and 5b), whose coding function has not so far been established, and thus it may represent a dicistronic messenger rna. we report here that two polypeptides with the sizes expected for the 5a and 5b products can be synthesised by in vitro translation of a single artificial mrna containing both the 5a and 5b orfs. to establish w ... | 1992 | 1309280 |
| bovine coronavirus spike glycoprotein: localization of an immunodominant region at the amino-terminal end of s2. | we have identified the binding site of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the s2 subunit of the bovine coronavirus spike (s) glycoprotein. the location of this site was first investigated by using prokaryotic expression of dna restriction fragments covering the entire s gene. the amino acid sequence containing the antibody binding site was shortened from 70 to 20 amino acids by digestion of plasmid dna with exonuclease iii, followed by sequencing of the smallest digestion product encoding an i ... | 1992 | 1281870 |
| single and mixed infections of avian infectious bronchitis virus and mycoplasma gallisepticum. | comparative studies of the clinical signs, pathological changes, multiplication of the pathogens and serological responses were made of groups of chickens infected with either or both avian infectious bronchitis virus and mycoplasma gallisepticum. electron microscopic examination of thin sections of infected tracheas showed that the multiplication of m. gallisepticum was greatly enhanced in the tracheas of chickens which had been previously or simultaneously infected with avian infectious bronch ... | 1975 | 1126565 |
| the neutralizing characteristics of strains of infectious bronchitis virus as measured by the constant-virus variable-serum method in chicken tracheal cultures. | the constant-virus variable-serum neutralization test in chicken tracheal organ cultures was employed in cross-neutralization tests with the following infectious bronchitis viruses: massachusetts 41, connecticut, iowa 97, iowa 609, holte, jmk, clark 333, se 17, florida, and arkansas 99. these viruses all proved serologically distinct by this method. chickens immunized with the connecticut strain and later challenged with arkansas 99 were not protected against it. | 1975 | 1120040 |
| characterization of a new infectious bronchitis virus isolate. iii. cell-culture adaptation of clark 333. | the clark 333 strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was substantially resistant to primary chicken cell-culture adaptation. more than 40 serial embryo passages were required before the virus would produce cytopathic alterations upon cell-culture inoculation. the cytopathic effect was characteristic of the effect of reported for ibv. adaptation was not accomplished by alternating serial passages in embryo and cell-cultured systems. a careful monitoring of cell-culture fluid infectivity by e ... | 1975 | 1120038 |
| the ribonucleic acid of infectious bronchitis virus. | analysis of the nucleic acid of infectious bronchitis virus by sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed an rna of molecular weight 9.0 times 10-6 daltons. the rna was shown to have a sedimentation coefficient of 50. | 1975 | 1119945 |
| immune response to infectious bronchitis virus. | 1975 | 1092219 | |
| stability of live, freeze-dried virus vaccines. | stability of live, freeze-dried vaccines is a major factor for successful vaccinations. vaccines may be stored at -20 degrees c or less for long periods without loss of activity and this storage does not affect stability during subsequent storage. storage in the refrigerator for long periods is harmless for certain very stable vaccines such as influenza, rubella, ndv, marek's. other vaccines, such as ibv, show a significant loss in titer after 2 years. the routine use of an accelerated stability ... | 1976 | 1030427 |
| local immunity in the respiratory tract of the chicken. i. transudation of circulating antibody in normal and virus-infected birds. | three-week-old chickens were given sheep erythrocytes or bovine serum albumin intravenously. seven days later their tears and saliva possessed low levels of antibody to those antigens. concurrent infection with lentogenic newcastle disease virus (ndv) caused a significant increase in transuded antibody in those fluids. in chickens with circulating antibody to ndv, induced by parenterally administered inactivated vaccine, respiratory infection with heterologous infectious bronchitis virus resulte ... | 1976 | 1027720 |
| immunity to avian infectious bronchitis. | avian infectious bronchitis is recognized clinically as a respiratory disease in its only natural host,the chicken, but the virus is disseminated throughout other systems by a viraemia with localization especially in the kidney and oviduct. the sensitivity or instability of the antigenic and immunogenic properties of the virus under laboratory stress or natural influences complicates the selection of seed virus for vaccines. modified or attenuated active virus vaccines induce greater protection ... | 1975 | 805074 |
| the isolation of lentogenic strains of newcastle disease virus in australia. | twelve isolations of newcastle disease virus were made from 77 clinical samples from chickens from conjunctivitis, respiratory disease, proventriculitis and bursal atrophy. nine of the isolations were made from chickens with conjunctivitis. the viruses were identified as newcastle disease virus by inhibition of their haemagglutinins with specific antiserum to newcastle disease virus. the viruses failed to kill chicken embryos after inoculation into the allantoic cavity and they were judged to be ... | 1978 | 687276 |
| prevalence of precipitating antibodies against mycoplasmas and viruses in egg-laying flocks in northern jutland. | antibodies against infectious laryngotracheitis virus, influenavirus and newcastle disease virus were not demonstrated. the prevalence of infections caused by adeno- and reovirus in egg-laying flocks was 85 and 74% respectively. approximately 25% of the flocks had antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus and infectious bursal disease virus. a raised prevalence of antibodies against mycoplasmas was found with increasing age. | 1978 | 643540 |
| [differentiation of type d virus from continuous human cells (il'in-bykovskiĭ virus) and mason-pfizer monkey virus by the antigens of the viral envelopes]. | for differentiation of ilvin-bykovsky virus (ibv) and monkey meson-pfeizer virus (m-pmv) the method of virus neutralization with antibodies against the envelope virus antigen was used. the viruses were cultivated in similar human embryo cells. the results of the virus neutralization were determined by presence or absence of the gs-antigen in the infected cells. the antiserum to m-pmv envelope antigens did not neutralize the ibv antigen. it has been concluded that ibv and m-pmv differ by their en ... | 1977 | 409444 |
| ph stability studies with avian infectious bronchitis virus (coronavirus) strains. | a comparison of 17 infectious bronchitis virus strains, using the same test procedure and assay system, demonstrated that stability at an acid ph is a variable characteristic of the avian coronaviruses. | 1975 | 234539 |
| polypeptide patterns of infectious bronchitis virus serotypes fall into two categories. brief report. | molecular weights of six major polypeptides of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) are: 1. 75,000; 2. 50,000; 3. 45,000; 4. 35,000; 5. 28,000 or 24,000, and 6. 22,000 dalton. according to the mobility of protein 5 the polypeptide patterns of ibv serotypes fall into two main categories. | 1979 | 229800 |
| comparison of duration of immunity in chickens infected with a live infectious bronchitis vaccine by three different routes. | three groups of chicks were vaccinated by aerosol, intra-ocular and drinking water routes with a live infectious bronchitis (ib) vaccine. at one, two, six, 15 and 32 weeks after vaccination five birds from each group were sampled for testing for ib haemagglutination-inhibiting (hi) antibodies and challenged. assessment of susceptibility to infection was measured by recovery of virus from individual tracheas and from kidney and gonad pools four days after challenge. virus was isolated from all ki ... | 1979 | 229532 |
| studies on avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). iii. interferon induction by and sensitivity to interferon of ibv. | the induction of interferon by avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and the sensitivity of ibv to interferon were studied. the results of experiments with ten ibv strains are summarized as follows. 1. all the ibv strains tested induced interferon in chick embryo (ce) cells, chicken kidney (ck) cells and embryonated eggs. the iowa-609 strain induced about 1000 units of interferon in ce cells while the beaudette-42 strain induced about 200 units of interferon in embryonated eggs; the interferon ... | 1979 | 228636 |
| taxonomic studies on strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus using neutralisation tests in tracheal organ cultures. | the antigenic relationships of 24 strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were investigated by serum neutralisation tests performed in chick embryo tracheal organ cultures. the serum dilution that neutralised 100 median ciliostatic doses (cd50) of virus was estimated from the linear relationship between varying concentrations of each virus strain and the neutralisation titre of homologous antiserum; this dilution defined 1 antibody unit. antisera diluted to contain 20 antibody units w ... | 1979 | 227344 |
| growth kinetics of embryo- and organ-culture adapted beaudette strain of infectious bronchitis virus in embryonated chicken eggs. | three beaudette strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) [two chicken-embryo trachea-culture-adapted (e71cet10 and e71cek10cet30) and one embryo-adapted (e72)] were propagated in 10-day-old embryonated chicken eggs (ce) to investigate growth and lethality patterns. the e72 and e71cek10cet30 viruses were similar in growth pattern as to logarithmic phase and maximum virus production, but 95% of the ce mortality with e72 virus occurred between 20 and 32 hours whereas with e71cek10cet30 60% mort ... | 1979 | 226050 |
| studies on avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). ii. propagation of ibv in several cultured cells. | the growth of ten strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in several cultured cells was examined. the cultured cells used were chick kidney (ck), chick embryo (ce), hela and bhk-21 cells. the results obtained can be summarized as follows. 1. all the strains showed similar growth curves in ck cells. progeny viruses appeared in the culture medium 4 to 6 hours after inoculation and peak virus titers of 10(6.5)--10(8.5) tcid50 per 0.1 ml were obtained after 36 hours. a cytopathogenic effe ... | 1979 | 226034 |
| the susceptibility of chicken kidney and oviduct organ cultures to a vaccine strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the minimal infectious dose of the h52 strain of infectious bronchitis virus for organ cultures of oviduct and kidney was compared in chickens of different ages. organ cultures of oviduct were found to be highly susceptible to infection regardless of the age of chicken and no difference in susceptibility could be demonstrated between cultures of the magnum and uterus regions of the mature oviduct. kidney organ cultures were less susceptible and resistance to infection increased significantly (p ... | 1979 | 224435 |
| [infectious bronchitis and pullorum disease in chickens]. | 1979 | 222043 | |
| immunosuppressive effects of the infectious bursal agent and relationships to other poultry diseases. | 1976 | 220631 | |
| airsacculitis induced in broilers with a combination of mycoplasma gallinarum and respiratory viruses. | mycoplasma gallinarum was isolated from tracheas and air-sac lesions from broilers in flocks having higher than normal condemnations due to airsacculitis. a representative m. gallinarum isolant, given by aerosol or by air-sac inoculation, produced air-sac lesions in young chickens when given in combination with a vaccine combining newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis or with a field strain of infectious bronchitis virus. | 1978 | 219834 |
| preparation of inactivated oil-emulsion vaccines with avian viral or mycoplasma antigens. | the influence of the composition of water-in-oil emulsions on their physical characteristics was determined by preparing experimental emulsions with various water-to-oil ratios and various emulsifiers. emulsions containing tween 80 in the aqueous phase and arlacel a or arlacel 80 in the oil phase were lower in viscosity than emulsions containing only an oil-phase emulsifier. viscosity decreased as the concentration of oil increased. oil-emulsion vaccines prepared with aqueous- and oil-phase emul ... | 1978 | 219830 |
| comparison of the morphology of three coronaviruses. | the morphology of three coronaviruses, avian infectious bronchitis virus strain connecticut (ibv conn), human coronavirus strain 229e (hcv 229e) and mouse hepatitis virus strain 3 (mhv3), were examined by negative staining. significant differences were found in the sizes of the three coronaviruses. furthermore, three types of surface projection of the same lengths, but varying widths and morphology, were observed. both ibv conn and hcv 229e had bulbous projections characteristic of coronaviruses ... | 1979 | 218534 |
| [vaccination of chicks against infectious bronchitis and newcastle disease]. | 1978 | 216138 | |
| induction of chicken interferon by avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the ability of nine strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) to induce chicken interferon has been investigated using semliki forest virus for the tests. the beaudette, h120 and connecticut 46 strains induced interferon in the allantoic fluids of embryonated hens' eggs, the highest titre (1 : 30) being associated with beaudette; but these as well as the massachusetts m-41 and h52 strains failed to yield interferon in primary monolayer cultures of chick kidney cells as did all nine stra ... | 1978 | 214833 |
| plastic multiwell plates to assay avian infectious bronchitis virus in organ cultures of chicken embryo trachea. | simple assay systems for infectivity titrations of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in chicken embryo trachea organ cultures (oc) were developed using plastic multiplate wells with one tracheal ring per well; these assays appeared to be much more satisfactory than the conventional rolled-tube method. the medium, 0.05 m hepes (n-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-n'-2-ethanesulfonic acid)-buffered eagle minimal essential medium was not changed during observation. a medium containing 0.4% bovine seru ... | 1978 | 214456 |
| a comparative evaluation of chicken embryo tracheal organ cultures for the assay of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | 1978 | 214447 | |
| the resistance to reinfection of tracheal organ cultures from chickens previously infected with avian infections bronchitis virus. | lower titres of avian infectious bronchitis (aib) virus were found following the infection of tracheal organ cultures prepared from chickens that had been given aib virus intranasally six weeks previously than were found following the infection of organ cultures prepared from untreated or from passively-immune chickens. no infectious virus was found in the tracheal organ cultures at the time they were prepared. | 1978 | 212798 |
| the genomes of three coronaviruses. | 1978 | 212316 | |
| differentiation of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolates by thermal sensitivity. | six isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) at different passage levels in the chicken embryo were tested for sensitivity at 56 c, with the following results: 1) isolates differed in thermal sensitivity; 2) virus was inactivated in a first-order exponential-kinetics 2-component fashion indicative of a heterogeneous population with a preponderance, 98% or more, of thermal-sensitive (s) virions over thermal-resistant (r) virons; 3) r virions 2-component populations were inactivated; 4) ... | 1978 | 212002 |
| interaction of aflatoxin with infectious bursal disease virus infection in young chickens. | young white leghorn chickens fed 2.5 microgram of aflatoxin (afl) per g of diet from hatching until 4 weeks old and infected with infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) at 3 weeks old had significantly higher mortality and more severely depressed body weights than chicks with aflatoxicosis or ibd alone. afl-ibdv chicks also had more extensive gross and microscopic changes characteristic of ibd than did ibdv-chicks. none of the treatments significantly reduced antibody responses to newcastle dise ... | 1978 | 212001 |
| [measures against infectious bronchitis in chickens]. | 1978 | 211704 | |
| vaccination against infectious bronchitis and the immunosuppressive effects of infectious bursal disease. | an immunosuppressive effect was demonstrated in chickens which were infected with infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) early in life and prior to or shortly after vaccination with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). this effect was evident by an increased susceptibility to respiratory tract infection with ibv and reduced virus-serum neutralizing antibody levels. chickens which were hatched from dams susceptible to infectious bursal disease (ibd) were less responsive to ibv immunization attempts ... | 1978 | 209433 |
| vaccination immunity to selected diseases in chickens fed the androgen analog mibolerone. | chickens fed the androgen analog mibolerone during the first 7 weeks of life regress their bursa of fabricius but can be properly immunized by vaccination against avian pathogens of major economic importance such as newcastle disease virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, avian encephalomyelitis virus, infectious bronchitis virus, fowl pox virus, marek's disease virus, and pasteurella multocida, the pathogen causing fowl cholera. these findings on immunocompetence to infectious agents are im ... | 1978 | 209430 |
| immune electron microscopy of avian infectious bronchitis virus serotypes. | an immune electron microscopy agglutination technique in which emphasis is placed upon the importance of antigen-antibody equivalence has been developed as a possible method for the serotyping of avian infectious bronchitis viruses. the connecticut and massachusetts 41 serotypes were used as a model system. stock virus concentrations were standardized by physical particle counts of virions sedimented directly onto electron microscope specimen grids. suspensions containing approximately 150 virio ... | 1978 | 209056 |
| studies on avian infectious bronchitis virus in new zealand. iii. efficacy of an attenuated live infectious bronchitis vaccine of new zealand origin in broiler birds. | 1977 | 208030 | |
| studies on avian infectious bronchitis virus in new zealand. ii. properties of four serotypes at a low and a high passage level. | 1977 | 208029 | |
| studies on avian infectious bronchitis virus in new zealand. i. serotypes. | 1977 | 208028 | |
| ribonucleoprotein-like structures from coronavirus particles. | the structure of the ribonucleoprotein (rnp) complex of three coronaviruses was investigated. a single-stranded helix of diam. 14 to 16 nm and up to 320 nm in length was released from disrupted particles of human coronavirus strain 229e and mouse hepatitis virus strain 3 after incubation in mild conditions. the helical complexes appeared to be composed of globular subunits with long axes of 5 to 7 nm surrounding a hollow core of diam. 3 to 4 nm. the complexes were shown to be sensitive to both p ... | 1978 | 207820 |
| unexpected isolation of a newcastle disease virus. | 1977 | 207255 | |
| unexpected isolation of a newcastle disease virus. | 1977 | 207254 | |
| a long-term study of the pathogenesis of infection of fowls with three strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | 1978 | 206936 | |
| response to several avian respiratory viruses as affected by infectious bursal disease virus. | after being inoculated with the infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) at one day of age, specific-pathogen-free chickens were inoculated with either newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), or infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv). their immunity was challenged 2-3 weeks later with homologous virus, and antibody titers were determined for iltv and ibv. several studies were made to determine the effects of ibdv on the development of persistent or chronic virus infect ... | 1978 | 206256 |
| typing field isolates of infectious bronchitis by the plaque-reduction test. | a technique is described for typing field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus by plaque-reduction assay of the serum antibody response of chickens experimentally infected with such isolates. also reported are use of the technique with field isolates and a comparison of results obtained in plaque-reduction assay and in tracheal-ring organ-culture assay. | 1978 | 206255 |
| growth comparisons of avian infectious bronchitis virus strains in organ cultures of chicken tissues. | six strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were used to inoculate explants of a range of 15 chicken tissues and virus growth kinetics observed over a period of 96 hours thereafter. similar patterns of virus production were given by all 6 strains from explants of any particular tissue such as the nasal turbinates, trachea, lung, air sacs and oviduct. nevertheless, significant differences in behaviour between strains were noted for different tissues and in the efficiency with which cer ... | 1978 | 206229 |
| the purification and polypeptide composition of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | purification of egg-grown infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) by sucrose density gradient centrifugation alone, or sucrose density gradient centrifugation plus ph 8.0 treatment, concanavalin a precipitation or metrizamide density gradient centrifugation, failed to produce any differences in the virus polypeptide pattern following polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sds(sds-page). sds-page of purified ibv on 7.5% acrylamide gels separated 16 polypeptides which were detectable by s ... | 1977 | 205761 |
| [the influence of temperature and incubation time on the propagation rate of the chicken infectious bronchitis virus in egg culture]. | 1978 | 205206 | |
| the effect of ascorbic acid on infection chick-embryo ciliated tracheal organ cultures by coronavirus. | chick embryo tracheal organ cultures showed increased resistance to infection by a coronavirus after exposure to ascorbate, while chick respiratory epithelium and allantois-on-shell preparations showed no increase in resistance to infection by an influenza virus or a paramyxovirus. | 1978 | 205194 |
| isolation of avian infectious bronchitis virus from experimentally infected chickens. | virus was recovered from the faeces of chickens infected at three or four weeks of age for more than 20 weeks after infection with commercial vaccines or with the t strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). virus was not recovered from the trachea, liver, spleen, bursa or kidneys of t strain infected birds longer than 29 days after infection at which point ibv was recovered from the bursa of a single infected bird. in a subsequent experiment ibv was recovered from the caecal lymph nodes ... | 1977 | 203987 |
| polypeptides of the surface projections and the ribonucleoprotein of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | purified avian infectious bronchitis virus was digested with bromelain (0.7 mg/ml), and the surface projections were removed. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the polypeptides from these bromelain-treated particles showed that vp1, vp2, and vp5 were missing from the seven polypeptides. vp1 to vp7, that were present in untreated virus preparations. milder bromelain treatment (0.07 mg/ml) left visible surface projections and polypeptides comprising vp1 and vp2 intact, but removed vp5. thus, t ... | 1977 | 201778 |
| small infective material coexistent with, but distinct from, avian infectious bronchitis virus. | 1977 | 201199 | |
| [economic effectiveness of specific preventive measures against infectious bronchitis of chickens]. | 1977 | 201081 | |
| the polypeptide composition of avain infectious bronchitis virus particles. | egg grown avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) centrifuged on sucrose density gradients was found to consist of a major virus peak of density 1.17 to 1.18 g/cm(3). three different ibv strains were examined and no morphological differences were detected between virus particles of different densities or from different strains. the polypeptides of the different density virus particles from the three ibv strains were analysed on polyacrylamide gels. in all cases 7 polypeptides were observed, alth ... | 1977 | 200202 |
| biological properties of avian coronavirus rna. | rna with a sedimentation coefficient of 64s was isolated from infectious bronchitis virus, an avian coronavirus. the sna contained a polyadenylic acid tract and was found to be infectious. | 1977 | 199697 |
| studies on the structure of a coronavirus-avian infectious bronchitis virus. | when avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is fixed in formaldehyde, negative stain is able to penetrate the particle and an internal component is visualized. this component is seen as a tongue or flask shaped structure attached at one point to the outer virus membrane. a model yielding transmission patterns similar to the virus has been made. gradient centrifugation studies on ibv reveal that the rnp is associated with the internal sac. | 1977 | 199696 |
| [sensitivity of japanese quail, embryos and embryonal tissue culture to infection with several avian viruses]. | the sensitivity of the biological system japanese quail-embryo-quail fibroblast cultures to some common fowl viruses (newcastle disease virus, infectious laryngotracheitis and infectious bronchitis viruses) was studied. japanese quails, their embryos and embryo cell cultures were found to be sensitive to newcastle disease virus infection. the virus reproduction was accompanied by death of embryos and destruction of cell culture. japanese quails are sensitive to infectious laryngotracheitis virus ... | 1977 | 198966 |
| [respiratory diseases in poultry caused by viruses--occurrence and diagnosis (author's transl)]. | the highly intensive conditions, that economic necessity has forced upon the poultry industry, have resulted in strongly changed environmental conditions and management which combined with the use of a constantly increasing number of live vaccines has highly complicated clearing up the etiology in diseased flocks. this is true not least as far as respiratory diseases concerns, which thereby often run an atypical course. a review, however, not complete, is given of the occurrence and diagnostic p ... | 1977 | 198739 |
| genome of infectious bronchitis virus. | techniques are described for the growth and rapid purification of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). purified ibv has a sedimentation coefficient of 320s and a buoyant density of 1.22 g/ml in sucrose-deuterium oxide equilibrium gradients. ibv rna extracted by proteinase k in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and further purified by phenol extraction and gradient centrifugation is single stranded and has a sedimentation coefficient of 64s, as determined by isokinetic gr ... | 1977 | 198590 |
| comparative ultrastructural studies on endemic (balkan) nephropathy and chicken embryo nephritis caused by infectious bronchitis virus. ii. chick embryo nephritis. | 1977 | 196486 | |
| comparative ultrastructural studies on endemic (balkan) nephropathy and chicken embryo nephritis caused by infectious bronchitis virus. i. endemic (balkan) nephropathy. | 1977 | 196485 |