Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| relative sensitivity of various spectral forms of photosynthetic pigments to leaf senescence in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the change in the characteristics of the absorption spectrum of chloroplasts which were isolated from the mature and senescing primary wheat leaves, was examined at various wavelengths in which the photosynthetic pigments mostly absorb. chlorophyll (chl) a was observed to be relatively more sensitive to leaf senescence than chl b and carotenoids. furthermore, the various spectral in vivo forms of chl a, did not degrade to a similar extent; the far red absorbing forms of chl a including species t ... | 1986 | 24435369 |
| phytochrome medicated changes in extractable gibberellin activity in a cell-free system from etiolated wheat leaves. | irradiation with red light causes a phytochrome dependent increase in the extractable amount of acidic gibberellin-like activity in plastid preparations from etiolated leaves of triticum aestivum l. | 1975 | 24435132 |
| can citrate efflux from roots improve phosphorus uptake by plants? testing the hypothesis with near-isogenic lines of wheat. | phosphorus (p) deficiency in some plant species triggers the release of organic anions such as citrate and malate from roots. these anions are widely suggested to enhance the availability of phosphate for plant uptake by mobilizing sparingly-soluble forms in the soil. carazinho is an old wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivar from brazil, which secretes citrate constitutively from its root apices, and here we show that it also produces relatively more biomass on soils with low p availability than tw ... | 2014 | 24433537 |
| genome-wide transcriptome study in wheat identified candidate genes related to processing quality, majority of them showing interaction (quality x development) and having temporal and spatial distributions. | the cultivated bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) possesses unique flour quality, which can be processed into many end-use food products such as bread, pasta, chapatti (unleavened flat bread), biscuit, etc. the present wheat varieties require improvement in processing quality to meet the increasing demand of better quality food products. however, processing quality is very complex and controlled by many genes, which have not been completely explored. to identify the candidate genes whose express ... | 2014 | 24433256 |
| plant growth stimulation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by inoculation of salinity tolerant azotobacter strains. | five salinity tolerant azotobacter strains i.e., st3, st6, st9, st17 and st24 were obtained from saline soils. these azotobacter strains were used as inoculant for wheat variety wh157 in earthen pots containing saline soil under pot house conditions, using three fertilizer treatment doses i.e., control (no fertilizer, no inoculation), 90 kg n ha(-1) and 120 kg n ha(-1). inoculation with salinity tolerant azotobacter strains caused significant increase in total nitrogen, biomass and grain yield o ... | 2013 | 24431520 |
| effects of dual stress (high salt and high temperature) on the photochemical efficiency of wheat leaves (triticum aestivum). | in this study, we have focused on those components of photosystem (ps) ii which are significantly affected by dual stress (high salt and temperature) on wheat as measured by plant efficiency analyser (pea). it was observed that some of the chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters were temperature dominated, while some other parameters were salt dominated. we have also observed additive effects for parameters like antenna size heterogeneity. an important observation was that in high temperature alon ... | 2013 | 24431485 |
| rhythmic increase in dna content and incorporation of [(3)h]thymidine in the developing wheat embryo during seed germination. | the dna content and incorporation of [(3)h]thymidine into dna have been studied during the development of triticum aestivum (l.) embryo at various stages of seed germination up to 102 h (18°c). the dna content of the embryos increased in a rhythmic way, when superimposed on an increasing basal content of dna from 12 h onwards of germination. a temporary depression in dna content was observed before the peaks of cell division (which has earlier been published by the author). the peaks of [(3)h]th ... | 1976 | 24430821 |
| effect of rye chromosome 2 substitution on kernel protein content of wheat. | significant increases in the kernel protein content of lines of the bread wheat variety chinese spring, in which a pair of rye chromosome 2 substitutes for group 2 chromosomes of wheat, were observed in plants grown at three different locations. fractionation of proteins on the basis of their solubility did not show any significant variation in the relative proportions of alcohol, salt, acid and alkali soluble proteins. similarly, electrophoretic studies of saline, alcohol and acetic acid-urea s ... | 1972 | 24430774 |
| source, sink and hormonal control of translocation in wheat. | an analysis of the pattern of movement of (14)c-labelled flag leaf assimilates in wheat (triticum aestivum l. c.v. gabo) during grain development, indicated that the greater the requirement for assimilates by the ear the more rapid was the speed of movement of these through the peduncle to the ear and also the lower their concentration. experiments with [(14)c] indoleacetic acid ([(14)c]iaa) suggested that auxin production by the grains was not responsible for the control of assimilate transloca ... | 1976 | 24430683 |
| mechanism of phosphate solubilization and antifungal activity of streptomyces spp. isolated from wheat roots and rhizosphere and their application in improving plant growth. | the application of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) at field scale has been hindered by an inadequate understanding of the mechanisms that enhance plant growth, rhizosphere incompetence and the inability of bacterial strains to thrive in different soil types and environmental conditions. actinobacteria with their sporulation, nutrient cycling, root colonization, bio-control and other plant-growth-promoting activities could be potential field bio-inoculants. we report the isolation of ... | 2014 | 24430493 |
| photocontrol of gibberellin levels as related to the unrolling of etiolated wheat leaves. | the rapid increase in acidic gibberellin-like (ga-like) activity occurring in etiolated wheat (triticum aestivum l.); leaf tissue in response to red light is phytochrome controlled. the production of some of the ga-like activity appears to possess a similar escapetime from far-red reversibility to leaf unrolling and is sensitive to amo 1618. application of these ga-like substances to leaf sections maintained in the dark causes unrolling. increased ga-like activity can also be detected in non-irr ... | 1975 | 24430157 |
| genetic analysis of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat by utilization of monopentaploid hybrids. | this report deals with a method of analysis which uses existing hexaploid wheat monosomics to establish gene-chromosome associations in a tetraploid variety. monosomics of triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring belonging to the 14 lines of a and b genomes were crossed as female parents with triticum durum cv. capeiti, a spring type at present widely grown in italy. for each line, two f 1 populations were obtained, normal pentaploids (2 n = 35) and monopentaploid (2 n = 34), in which, in turn, the ... | 1971 | 24430021 |
| interaction between chemical mutagens with a delayed effect and metabolites of seeds : communication 2: changes in mutagenic activity. | a study was made of chromosome aberrations in crepis capillaris seedlings, induced by the reaction products of chemical mutagens with seed metabolites. interaction between ethylenimine and seed metabolites of some plants of the family compositae (c. capillaris, taraxacum officinale, pyrethrum carneum, helianthus annuus) has been found to lead to the formation of highly active secondary mutagens whose action remains similar to that of ethylenimine, although the effect of ethylenimine is enhanced ... | 1971 | 24430019 |
| novel nac transcription factor tanac67 confers enhanced multi-abiotic stress tolerances in arabidopsis. | abiotic stresses are major environmental factors that affect agricultural productivity worldwide. nac transcription factors play pivotal roles in abiotic stress signaling in plants. as a staple crop, wheat production is severely constrained by abiotic stresses whereas only a few nac transcription factors have been characterized functionally. to promote the application of nac genes in wheat improvement by biotechnology, a novel nac gene designated tanac67 was characterized in common wheat. to det ... | 2014 | 24427285 |
| shotgun analysis of the secretome of fusarium graminearum. | fusarium head blight, caused predominately by fusarium graminearum, is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. to characterize the profile of proteins secreted by f. graminearum, the extracellular proteins were collectively obtained from f. graminearum culture supernatants and evaluated using one-dimensional sds-page and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. a total of 87 proteins have been identified, of which 63 were predicted as secretory prot ... | 2013 | 24426143 |
| in vivo studies on artificial induction of thermotolerance to detached panicles of wheat (triticum aestivum l) cultivars under heat stress. | the mechanism imparting thermotolerance by gibberellic acid (ga3) and abscisic acid (aba) is still unresolved using either spraying technique or in vitro conditions. alternative way of studying these effects under near in vivo conditions is through the use of liquid culturing technique. effects of ga3 and aba (100 μm) on sucrose metabolism (invertase and sucrose synthase) and aminotransferases (got and gpt) in relation to starch and protein accumulation were studied in detached panicles of three ... | 2014 | 24426056 |
| amino acid comparisons in male sterile wheat derived fromtriticum timopheevi zhuk. cytoplasm and its fertile counterpart. | anthers, seeds, seedlings and flag leaves of fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile (triticum timopheevi) lines of bread wheat were examined for free and acid-hydrolyzable (bound) amino acids. free asparagine was found to be high in anthers of the male sterile line and free proline high in anthers of the fertile line.among the bound amino acids, proline was lower, and aspartic and glutamic acid were higher, in male sterile than in fertile anthers. retardation of glutamic and aspartic acid conversi ... | 1974 | 24425430 |
| metabolite profiling on wheat grain to enable a distinction of samples from organic and conventional farming systems. | identification of biomarkers capable of distinguishing organic and conventional products would be highly welcome to improve the strength of food quality assurance. metabolite profiling was used for biomarker search in organic and conventional wheat grain (triticum aestivum l.) of 11 different old and new bread wheat cultivars grown in the dok system comparison trial. metabolites were extracted using methanol and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | 2014 | 24425170 |
| nitrate influx and efflux by intact wheat seedlings: effects of prior nitrate nutrition. | wheat (triticum vulgare l., cv. blueboy) seedlings, grown with 0.25, 1.0 and 15 mm nitrate in complete nutrient solutions, were transferred 10 days after germination to 1.0 mm k(15)no3 (∼99 a% (15)n) plus 0.1 mm caso4 at ph 6.0. the solutions were replaced periodically over a 6-h period (5 mw cm(-2); 23°). changes in the [(15)n]- and [(14)n]nitrate in the solution were determined by nitrate reductase and mass-spectrometric procedures and potassium by flame photometry. influx of [(15)n]nitrate wa ... | 1976 | 24424992 |
| somatic association of telocentric chromosomes carrying homologous centromeres in common wheat. | measurements of distances between telocentric chromosomes, either homologous or representing the opposite arms of a metacentric chromosome (complementary telocentrics), were made at metaphase in root tip cells of common wheat carrying two homologous pairs of complementary telocentrics of chromosome 1 b or 6 b (double ditelosomic 1 b or 6 b). the aim was to elucidate the relative locations of the telocentric chromosomes within the cell. the data obtained strongly suggest that all four telocentric ... | 1973 | 24424980 |
| abscisic acid in developing wheat grains and its relationship to grain growth and maturation. | during the later stages of growth of grains of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cvs. ww15 and gabo) there is a dramatic increase (up to 40fold) in the content of abscisic acid (aba) to 4-6 ng per grain. this level remains high from 25 to 40 days after anthesis. then, in association with natural or forced drying of the grain, there is a rapid drop (5-10 fold) in the aba content and a brief increase in the content of bound aba. the bulk of aba in an ear was in the grain (95%) and although the embryo co ... | 1976 | 24424906 |
| carbon dioxide exchange in relation to sink demand in wheat. | in this paper, experiments are described which examine the effect of requirement for assimilates by the ear on the rate of net photosynthesis in leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). different levels of requirement were achieved by various levels of sterilization of florets just before anthesis, which resulted in a range of grain numbers per ear, and by inhibiting photosynthesis of the intact ear by 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (dcmu). only the ear and two uppermost leaves of the ma ... | 1976 | 24424903 |
| phytochrome controlled gibberellin metabolism in etioplast envelopes. | disruption of preparations of intact etioplasts isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves in the dark leads to an increase in the level of extractable gibberellin-like (ga-like) activity. irradiation of disrupted preparations with red light causes an alteration in the rf of part of the ga-like activity. a study of sub-etioplast fractions prepared by gradient centrifugation indicates that the phytochrome and the ga-like substances are associated principally with the etioplast envelope. | 1976 | 24424835 |
| cell elongation in the grass pulvinus in response to geotropic stimulation and auxin application. | horizontally-placed segments of avena sativa l. shoots show a negative geotropic response after a period of 30 min. this response is based on cell elongation on the lower side of the leaf-sheath base (pulvinus). triticum aestivum l., hordeum vulgare l. and secale cereale l. also show geotropic responses that are similar to those in avena shoots. the pulvinus is a highly specialized organ with radial symmetry and is made up of epidermal, vascular, parenchymatous and collenchymatous tissues. stato ... | 1976 | 24424826 |
| endogenous cytokinins in vernalized winter wheat grains. | the soybean callus assay was used to study the effect of vernalization on the endogenous cytokinin levels of the grains of winter wheat (triticum vulgare l.), cv. ferto and fema. vernalization of the grains was carried out at 3° c in the dark for 0, 9, 18, 27, 36 and 45 days. cytokinin activities could be detected in both the aqueous and butanol extracts of vernalized grains of both cultivars. it is suggested that flowering of winter wheat may involve changes in the levels of endogenous cytokini ... | 1976 | 24424638 |
| [light dependence of phytol accumulation. a contribution to the question of chlorophyll biosynthesis]. | phytol is identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry and its concentration determined (range 0.005-3 μg) in darkgrown and irradiated plants. seeds of oats (avena sativa l.), wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) contain bound phytol (2-5 μg/g). the phytol content decreases during germination in the dark. phytol synthesis in dark-grown seedlings starts in the light and stops in the dark again. the degradation of phytol in the dark is much slower than that of chl ... | 1976 | 24424592 |
| cytokinesis in the developing wheat grain; division with and without a phragmoplast. | cell wall formation during the transition from free-nuclear to cellular endosperm of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. heron) was investigated using correlated light and electron microscopy. partitioning of the multinucleate syncytium that lines the inner periphery of the embryo sac is initiated 1-2 days after anthesis. wall ingrowths, at first recognizable in sections as minute wall pegs, furrow inward from the edge of the embryo sac through the vacuolate cytoplasm which, to the inside, is clearl ... | 1976 | 24424543 |
| studies of the functional activity of mitochondria and cell ultrastructure of the coleoptile in wheat, agropyron and their hybrids (incomplete amphidiploids) during decreasing temperature. | the structure of the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in the coleoptile of plants (triticum aestivum var. lutescens 329, agropyron glaucum, triticum × agropyron 56-chromosome hybrids, incomplete amphidiploids, tah, containing 42 wheat chromosomes and 14 chromosomes of genomes d or x of agropyron), which differ in winterhardiness, was studied after exposure to 0 ° and -4 °c for periods varying from 10 min to 4 days. the functional activity of mitochondria isolated from 3 day old seedlings w ... | 0 | 24424474 |
| the wheat ethylene response factor transcription factor pathogen-induced erf1 mediates host responses to both the necrotrophic pathogen rhizoctonia cerealis and freezing stresses. | sharp eyespot disease (primarily caused by the pathogen rhizoctonia cerealis) and freezing stress are important yield limitations for the production of wheat (triticum aestivum). here, we report new insights into the function and underlying mechanisms of an ethylene response factor (erf) in wheat, pathogen-induced erf1 (tapie1), in host responses to r. cerealis and freezing stresses. tapie1-overexpressing transgenic wheat exhibited significantly enhanced resistance to both r. cerealis and freezi ... | 2014 | 24424323 |
| messenger ribonucleoprotein particles in dry wheat and rye embryos : in vitro translation and size distribution. | extracts prepared from dry wheat (triticum aestivum l.; var. cama) and rye (secale cereale l.; var. celestijner) embryos exhibit relatively high endogenous messenger activities in an in vitro protein synthesizing system: up to 400 pmol leucine are incorporated per 50 μl reaction mixture; the messenger/ribosome ratio is estimated at about 0.03. sucrose gradient analysis of the incubation mixture during cellfree protein synthesis shows a progressive in vitro polysome formation with the native endo ... | 1977 | 24420391 |
| in vitro culture of wheat. iii. anther culture of the a genome aneuploids in common wheat. | callus induction was examined using the anthers of triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring and its aneuploids for the a genome chromosomes (ditelo-1a(l), -2a(s), -3a(α), -4a(α), -5a(l), -6a(α), -7a(s), nulli-1a, -2a, -4a and mono-4a) to determine the genetic role of individual chromosomes or chromosome arms in callus formation. an attempt was also made to establish the best culture conditions for callus formation from the anthers of the same wheat.results showed that: (1) callus was mostly induced ... | 1975 | 24420271 |
| a comparison of the activation of ribosomal rna synthesis during germination of isolated and non-isolated embryos of triticum aestivum l. | incorporation of [(14)c]uridine into ribosomal rna and ribosomal rna precursor fractions was studied in isolated wheat embryos and in embryos remaining within the intact grains during germination. in isolated embryos, radioactive 25s and 18s as well as 31s rna species appeared already within the first 3 h of germination. in non-isolated embryos, radioactivity could be detected in the mature ribosomal and pre-ribosomal rna fractions only after 6 h and 12 h germination, respectively. it is conclud ... | 1977 | 24419780 |
| a comparison of translocation of labelled assimilate by normal and lignified sieve elements in wheat leaves. | leaves of triticum aestivum l. were exposed to (14)co2. the (14)c activity in lignified sieve elements was not above background levels, whereas it was significnatly higher in normal sieve elements and companion cells. | 1977 | 24419703 |
| the relationship between leaf water potential ψ leaf and the levels of abscisic acid and ethylene in excised wheat leaves. | the amount of diffusible ethylene from excised wheat leaves (triticum aestivum l. cv. eclipse) increased when they were subjected to water stress. the quantity of ethylene produced was related to the severity of the stress, reaching a maximum at a leaf water potential ψ leaf of approximately-12 bars. irrespective of the severity of the stress, the maximum rate of ethylene production usually occurred between 135-270 min after applying the stress and then the rate declined. part of the decline may ... | 1977 | 24419698 |
| the effect of atmospheric humidity on photosynthesis, transpiration and water use efficiency of leaves of several plant species. | the effect of humidity on the gas exchange of leaves of the dicotyledons soybean (glycine max (l.) merrill), sunflower (helianthus annuus l.), jojoba (simmondsia chinensis (l.) schneider), and saltbush (atriplex halimus l.) and the monocotyledons wheat (triticum aestivum l.), barley (hordeum vulgare l.) sorghum (sorghum bicolor (l.) moench) and barnyard grass (echinochloa crus-galli (l.) beauv.) was examined under conditions of adequate soil moisture in a controlled environment. photosynthesis a ... | 1977 | 24419571 |
| chromosomal control of non-gliadin proteins from the 70% ethanol extract of wheat endosperm. | the non-gliadin fraction of the 70% ethanol extracts of compensated nulli-tetrasomics and ditelosomics of triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring has been analyzed by combined electrofocusing and electrophoresis. seventeen of the 21 protein map components of the euploid have been ascribed to eight chromosomes: 4aβ, 3bs, 6bs, 7bs, 3dβ, 4d, 5d and 7ds.the relationship of the different map components with other proteins previously associated with the same chromosomes is discussed. | 1975 | 24419509 |
| genetic control of esterases in common wheat. | a refined technique of gel electrofocusing revealed the esterases in caryopses of triticum aestivum, t. durum, and triticum timopheevi. in t. aestivum, 17 isoenzymatic bands were ascertained in the ph 5-8 range: 11 were of higher intensity, 4 were weak and two very weak. using chinese spring nulli-tetrasomic lines it was possible to locate the genetic control of several isoenzymes in the chromosomes of the homoeologous group 3. in chromosome 3a three bands are coded; in 3b four bands are coded; ... | 1975 | 24419503 |
| further discovery of alien cytoplasms inducing haploids and twins in common wheat. | in addition to the already known aegilops caudata cytoplasm, the cytoplasms of five aegilops species, all belonging to the section polyeides, were found to induce haploids (11-56%) and twins (0.5-15%) in a common wheat, salmon, at high frequencies. the great majority of the twin pairs were of the diplo-haplo type. the origin of both the haploids and twins was ascribed to the induction of parthenogenesis in salmon by the alien cytoplasm. pollen parents produced some differences in haploid frequen ... | 1974 | 24419323 |
| [effects of irrigation scheme on the grain glutenin macropolymer's size distribution and the grain quality of winter wheat with strong gluten]. | taking two winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars (gaocheng 8901 and jimai 20) with high quality strong gluten as test materials, a 2-year field experiment was conducted to study the grain glutenin macropolymer (gmp)'s content and size distribution, grain quality, and grain yield under effects of different irrigation schemes. the schemes included no irrigation in whole growth period (w0), irrigation once at jointing stage (w1), irrigation two times at wintering and jointing stages (w2), r ... | 2013 | 24417115 |
| antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of triticum aestivum in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. | the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of triticum aestivum were evaluated by using in vivo methods in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. diabetes was induced in the wistar strain albino rats by injecting streptozotocin at a dose of 55 mg/kg body weight. ethanolic extracts of triticum aestivum at doses of 100 mg/kg body weight were administered orally for 30 days. various parameters were studied and the treatment group with the extract showed a significant increase in the liver ... | 2013 | 24416041 |
| biochemical and bioinformatic characterization of type ii metacaspase protein (taemcaii) from wheat. | the biochemical analysis and homology modeling of a tertiary structure of a cereal type ii metacaspase protein from wheat (triticum aestivum), taemcaii, are presented. the biochemical characterization of synthetic oligopeptides and protease inhibitors of escherichia coli-produced and purified recombinant taemcaii revealed that this metacaspase protein, similar to other known plant metacaspases, is an arginine/lysine-specific cysteine protease. thus, a model of a plant type ii metacaspase structu ... | 2012 | 24415839 |
| assessment of chromium efficacy on germination, root elongation, and coleoptile growth of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) at different growth periods. | the tannery effluents contain a high concentration of chromium (cr). it drastically reduces the crop yield when used for irrigation purpose. a huge volume of tannery effluents is available as irrigation for crop production. it is negatively affecting germination as well as yield of the crop. the wheat seeds were exposed to five different concentrations of cr (0, 20, 40, 80, and 100 ppm). in petri plates, 100 seeds were placed and the germination percent was recorded after 72 hour (h). root elong ... | 2014 | 24415062 |
| photosynthesis and transpiration of the flag leaf in four spring-wheat cultivars. | co2 exchange and transpiration rates of the flag leaves of four spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, namely glenlea, neepawa, opal and kolibri, were compared using infra-red gas-analysis technique. the plants were grown in a controlled environment under an 18-h photoperiod, with day and night temperatures of 20 and 15° c, respectively. the time course of the co2-exchange rate (cer) of the flag leaf differed among cultivars. cer began to decrease rapidly some 2 weeks after ear emergence ... | 1978 | 24414627 |
| does indoleacetic acid promote growth via cell wall acidification? | growth of triticum aestivum l. cv. cappelle desprez coleoptiles is promoted by 5.7×10(-5) m indole acetic acid (iaa) as effectively in ph 3.4 buffer as in water, but iaa is not effective in the presence of buffer at ph 3.0 or 3.2 a combination of 5.7×10(-5) m iaa and ph 3.4 buffer promotes growth to a greater extent than ph 3.2 buffer alone, which is optimal for acid-induced growth. iaa employed at 10(-7) m is still effective at promoting growth in the presence of ph 3.4 buffer, moreover, iaa at ... | 1978 | 24414469 |
| oxygen inhibition of photosynthesis : iii. temperature dependence of quantum yield and its relation to o2/co 2 solubility ratio. | the effect of leaf temperature, o2 and calculated o2/co2 solubility ratio in the leaf on the quantum yield of photosynthesis was studied for the c4 species, zea mays l., and the c3 species, triticum aestivum l. over a range of leaf temperatures of 16 to 35° c, the quantum yield of z. mays was relatively constant and was similar under 1.5 and 21% o2, being ca. 0.059 mol co2 mol(-1) quanta absorbed. under 1.5% o2 and atmospheric levels of co2, the quantum yield of t. aestivum was relatively consta ... | 1978 | 24414353 |
| lipid metabolism in green leaves of developing monocotyledons. | lipid synthesis was studied in successive leaf sections from the base to the tip of developing barley (hordeum vulgare l.), maize (zea mays l.), rye grass (lolium perenne l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves. the endogenous levels of acyl lipids and their constituent fatty acids from the same leaf sections were also analysed. the principle chloroplast acyl lipids showed a relative increase in amount with the age of the leaf section. their content of α-linolenic acid also increased whereas ... | 1978 | 24414270 |
| properties of a high-affinity cytokinin-binding protein from wheat germ. | a soluble protein that interacts with a range of cytokinins was extensively purified from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) germ. this protein has a k d for kinetin of 2×10(-7) m. the binding of kinetin to the protein is inhibited by low concentrations of synthetic and naturally-occurring cytokinins including n(6)-benzyladenine, n(6)-benzyladenosine, kinetin riboside, n(6)-dimethylallyladenine, n(6)-dimethylallyladenosine, zeatin, zeatin riboside, n(6)-dimethyladenine and n(6)-dimethyladenosine. aden ... | 1978 | 24414153 |
| aspartate kinase and the synthesis of aspartate-derived amino acids in wheat. | aspartate kinase (ec 2.7.2.4.) has been purified from 7 day etiolated wheat (triticum aestivum l. var. maris freeman) seedlings and from embryos imbibed for 8 h. the enzyme was 50% inhibited by 0.25 mm lysine. in this study wheat aspartate kinase was not inhibited by threonine alone or cooperatively with lysine; these results contrast with those published previously. in vivo regulation of the synthesis of aspartate-derived amino acids was examined by feeding [(14)c]acetate and [(35)s]sulphate to ... | 1978 | 24414150 |
| the effect of aspartate-derived amino acids (lysine, threonine, methionine) on the growth of excised embryos of wheat and barley. | excised wheat (triticum aestivum l. var. maris freeman) and barley (hordeum vulgare l. var. maris mink) embryos were grown on medium containing both nitrate and ammonium ions. addition of lysine (1 mm) plus threonine (1 mm) caused a synergistic inhibition of growth measured by length of first leaf or dry weight. the inhibition was specifically relieved by methionine, homocysteine and homoserine. threonine at 0.2-0.3 mm caused half-maximal inhibition of growth at all lysine concentrations whereas ... | 0 | 24414149 |
| degradation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase by proteolytic enzymes from crude extracts of wheat leaves. | in crude extracts from the primary leaf of wheat seedlings, triticum aestivum l., cv. olympic, maximum proteinase activity, as determined by measuring the rate of release of amino nitrogen from ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubpcase), was found to be obtained only when edta and l-cysteine were included in the extraction buffer. highest proteinase activity was obtained by grinding at ph 6.8, although the level of activity was similar in the ph range 5.6 to 8.0; this range also coincided with ... | 1978 | 24414010 |
| genetic diversity of the cytoplasm in triticum and aegilops : iv. distribution of the cytoplasm inducing variegation in common wheat. | twelve kinds of common wheat nuclei were placed into the cytoplasms of 23 species of aegilops and triticum by repeated backcrosses in the laboratory of genetics, kyoto university. using these nucleus-cytoplasm hybrids, the distribution of the variegation-inducing cytoplasms was investigated. the variegation was maternally inherited, and was found to be temperature-dependent; it was expressed only at low temperatures, accompanied by a remarkable reduction in the content of chlorophyll a and b, an ... | 1976 | 24413588 |
| transcriptome analysis during seed germination of elite chinese bread wheat cultivar jimai 20. | wheat seed germination directly affects wheat yield and quality. although transcriptome and proteome analyses during seed germination have been reported in some crop plant species, dynamic transcriptome characterization during wheat seed germination has not been conducted. we performed the first comprehensive dynamic transcriptome analysis during different seed germination stages of elite chinese bread wheat cultivar jimai 20 using the affymetrix wheat genome array. | 2014 | 24410729 |
| characterization of the surface properties of wheat spikelet components grown under different regimens and the biocontrol yeast cryptococcus flavescens. | surface properties play an important role in plant-microbe interactions and determine if microbial propagules adhere to the surface of a plant. fusarium head blight is an important disease of wheat that is initiated by the pathogen colonizing the wheat head. to better understand how surface properties of wheat may affect disease development and spray applications, the surface properties of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) spikelet components were characterized under different environmental growing r ... | 2014 | 24410183 |
| lead toxicity effects on indole-3-ylacetic acid-induced cell elongation. | in vitro studies of iaa-induced cell elongation in triticum aestivum have demonstrated that lead causes a large reduction in elongation. inhibition of elongation can be reduced by increasing the concentration of iaa, or by the addition of calcium. the inhibitory effect appears to be linked with changes in the properties of the cell walls. experiments are described which show that lead becomes bound strongly to certain chemical substances involved in cell wall architecture. | 1978 | 24408647 |
| genome-wide association mapping of yield and yield components of spring wheat under contrasting moisture regimes. | a stable qtl that may be used in marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding programs was detected for yield, yield components and drought tolerance-related traits in spring wheat association mapping panel. genome-wide association mapping has become a widespread method of quantitative trait locus (qtl) identification for many crop plants including wheat (triticum aestivum l.). its benefit over traditional bi-parental mapping approaches depends on the extent of linkage disequilibrium in the mappi ... | 2014 | 24408378 |
| lr67/yr46 confers adult plant resistance to stem rust and powdery mildew in wheat. | we demonstrate that lr67/yr46 has pleiotropic effect on stem rust and powdery mildew resistance and is associated with leaf tip necrosis. genes are designated as sr55, pm46 and ltn3 , respectively. wheat (triticum aestivum) accession rl6077, known to carry the pleiotropic slow rusting leaf and yellow rust resistance genes lr67/yr46 in thatcher background, displayed significantly lower stem rust (p. graminis tritici; pgt) and powdery mildew (blumeria graminis tritici; bgt) severities in kenya and ... | 2014 | 24408377 |
| development of a wheat single gene fish map for analyzing homoeologous relationship and chromosomal rearrangements within the triticeae. | a cytogenetic map of wheat was constructed using fish with cdna probes. fish markers detected homoeology and chromosomal rearrangements of wild relatives, an important source of genes for wheat improvement. to transfer agronomically important genes from wild relatives to bread wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n = 6 x = 42, aabbdd) by induced homoeologous recombination, it is important to know the chromosomal relationships of the species involved. fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) can be use ... | 2014 | 24408375 |
| introduction of chromosome segment carrying the seed storage protein genes from chromosome 1v of dasypyrum villosum showed positive effect on bread-making quality of common wheat. | development of wheat- d. villosum 1v#4 translocation lines; physically mapping the glu - v1 and gli - v1 / glu - v3 loci; and assess the effects of the introduced glu - v1 and gli - v1 / glu - v3 on wheat bread-making quality. glu-v1 and gli-v1/glu-v3 loci, located in the chromosome 1v of dasypyrum villosum, were proved to have positive effects on grain quality. however, there are very few reports about the transfer of the d. villosum-derived seed storage protein genes into wheat background by c ... | 2014 | 24408374 |
| effect of light on the nucleotide composition of rrna of wheat seedlings. | both qualitative and quantitative differences in the minor nucleotide constituents of rrna from normally grown and from etiolated wheat plants (triticum aestivum l.) were established. using different degradation methods and separation techniques the 18s+26s rna of 8-day-old wheat seedlings grown in the light was found to contain 5-methylcytidine, 3-methylcytidine, 5-methyluridine, 3-methyluridine, 5-carboxymethyluridine, 1-methyladenine, n-methyladenine, 5-hydroxymethylcytidine, o(2')-methylurid ... | 1978 | 24408187 |
| myo-inositol metabolism in germinating wheat. | during imbibition, exogenous myo-inositol (mi) was readily introduced into the free mi pool of germinating wheat (triticum aestivum l.). maximum uptake, 70 μg per caryopsis or 1.5 mg g(-1) of caryopsis, was reached at 0.05 m mi. movement of free mi within the germinating caryopsis was traced with [2-(3)h]mi by two procedures, uptake by imbibition and injection into softened endosperm. the former procedure was useful during initial stages of germination; the latter provided a means of tracing the ... | 1978 | 24407998 |
| sucrose phosphate synthetase : separation from sucrose synthetase and a study of its properties. | a method for the complete separation of sucrose phosphate synthetase (ec 2.4.1.14) and sucrose synthetase (ec 2.4.1.13) from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) germ is described. the separation is achieved by chromatography on deae-cellulose at ph 6.5. the sucrose phosphate synthetase obtained can be further purified by gel filtration. disc electrophoresis of sucrose phosphate preparations reveals the presence of isoenzymes. molecular weight estimates of sucrose phosphate synthetase by gel filtration ... | 1978 | 24407996 |
| allelopathic potential of wild oat (avena fatua) on spring wheat (triticum aestivum) growth. | wild oat plants may produce toxic substances that suppress the growth and development of desirable species, thus accounting for severe yield loss in infested fields. the purpose of this study was to determine the allelopathic potential of wild oat (avena fatua) on the growth of spring wheat (triticum aestivum var. fieldwin) in the absence of plant competition. wild oat and spring wheat plants were grown separately in 250-ml beakers in a sand medium. root exudates were extracted from wild oat med ... | 1983 | 24407814 |
| inhibition of pitted morning glory (ipomoea lacunosa l.) and certain other weed species by phytotoxic components of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) straw. | this study was conducted to determine if well-known phytotoxic effects of plant residues on crop growth could also be responsible for observed reductions of certain weed species in no-till cropping systems. an aqueous extract of field-grown wheat (triticum aestivum l.) reduced the germination and root length of pitted morning glory (ipomoea lacunosa l.) and common ragweed (ambrosia artemisiifolia l.). phytotoxicity was increased by about 70% when bioassays with the wheat extract on morning glory ... | 1983 | 24407798 |
| exploitation of allelopathy for weed control in annual and perennial cropping systems. | a variety of crops, cultivars, and accessions have been evaluated over the past six years for superior capability to suppress weed growth. the most successful of these approaches has been to grow cover crops of rye (secale cereale), wheat (triticum aestivum), sorghum (sorghum bicolor), or barley (hordeum vulgare) to a height of 40-50 cm, desiccate the crops by contact herbicides or freezing, and allow their residues to remain on the soil surface. often, up to 95% control of important agroecosyst ... | 1983 | 24407796 |
| differential gene expression profile in pseudomonas putida nbric19-treated wheat (triticum aestivum) plants subjected to biotic stress of parthenium hysterophorus. | the inoculation of pseudomonas putida nbric19 protected wheat plant from phytotoxic effect of parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium) and enhanced root length, shoot length, dry weight, spike length and chlorophyll content. with the aim to screen for genes differentially expressed in p. putida nbric19-inoculated wheat grown along with parthenium (wpt), the suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) methodology was employed. the ssh analysis was performed with wpc (uninoculated wheat grown along w ... | 2014 | 24407601 |
| protein accumulation, rna and soluble amino nitrogen content in developing endosperm of two varieties of triticum aestivum with high and low protein seed. | the kinetics of protein accumulation, the variation in rna, the soluble amino nitrogen content of developing endosperm of two varieties of triticum aestivum, with high and low protein content in the mature seed, suggest a possible relation between maintenance of the rna content and the ability to synthesize protein. a sudden halt in protein accumulation is observed as the rna starts to decrease. the hypothesis is also advanced that maintenance of the rna content might, in turn, be dependent on t ... | 1977 | 24407525 |
| glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase isozymes of the triticinae: dissociation and recombination of subunits. | a simple procedure has been developed for the dissociation of active molecules of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (got: e.c. 2.6.1.1) into protomers and for the reassociation of the subunits into active enzymes. results of experiments in which the protomers of genetically controlled electrophoretic variants of got of triticum aestivum and of several related species were dissociated and recombined in crude tissue extracts and in partially purified preparations support the hypothesis that the ... | 1977 | 24407498 |
| preformed and newly synthesized messenger rna in germinating wheat embryos. | in 6 h germinated wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. cama) embryos, more than half of the messenger rnas are actively involved in translation. neither preformed nor newly synthesized poly a(+)-rna is translated preferentially. germination in the presence of cordycepin showed that the half-life of the templates is about 2 h and that the newly synthesized messengers are essential to support protein synthesis in the embryo from the first hours of germination. most of the messenger rnas in 6 h germinat ... | 1979 | 24407396 |
| integrating remote sensing and gis for prediction of winter wheat (triticum aestivum) protein contents in linfen (shanxi), china. | in this study, relationships between normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi) and plant (winter wheat) nitrogen content (pnc) and between pnc and grain protein content (gpc) were investigated using multi-temporal moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (modis) data at the different stages of winter wheat in linfen (shanxi, p. r. china). the anticipating model for gpc of winter wheat was also established by the approach of ndvi at the different stages of winter wheat. the results showe ... | 2014 | 24404124 |
| global selection on sucrose synthase haplotypes during a century of wheat breeding. | spike number per unit area, number of grains per spike, and thousand kernel weight (tkw) are important yield components. in china, increases in wheat (triticum aestivum) yields are mainly due to increases in grain number per spike and tkw. tkw mainly depends on starch content, as starch accounts for about 70% of the grain endosperm. sucrose synthase catalysis is the first step in the conversion of sucrose to starch, that is, the conversion of sucrose to fructose and udp-glucose by the wheat sucr ... | 2014 | 24402050 |
| fusarium-damaged kernels and deoxynivalenol in fusarium-infected u.s. winter wheat. | fusarium head blight (fhb) is a devastating disease that threatens wheat (triticum aestivum) production in many areas worldwide. fhb infection results in fusarium-damaged kernels (fdk) and deoxynivalenol (don) that dramatically reduce grain yield and quality. more effective and accurate disease evaluation methods are imperative for successful identification of fhb-resistant sources and selection of resistant cultivars. to determine the relationships among different types of resistance, 363 (74 s ... | 2014 | 24400658 |
| bex-db: bioinformatics workbench for comprehensive analysis of barley-expressed genes. | barley (hordeum vulgare) is one of the world's most important cereal crops. although its large and complex genome has held back barley genomics for quite a while, the whole genome sequence was released in 2012 by the international barley genome sequencing consortium (ibsc). moreover, more than 30,000 barley full-length cdnas (flcdnas) are now available in the public domain. here we present the barley gene expression database (bex-db: http://barleyflc.dna.affrc.go.jp/bexdb/index.html) as a reposi ... | 2013 | 24399916 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci controlling grain size and shape in the d genome of synthetic hexaploid wheat lines. | synthetic hexaploid wheat is an effective genetic resource for transferring agronomically important genes from aegilops tauschii to common wheat. wide variation in grain size and shape, one of the main targets for wheat breeding, has been observed among ae. tauschii accessions. to identify the quantitative trait loci (qtls) responsible for grain size and shape variation in the wheat d genome under a hexaploid genetic background, six parameters related to grain size and shape were measured using ... | 2013 | 24399915 |
| differential contribution of two ppd-1 homoeoalleles to early-flowering phenotype in nepalese and japanese varieties of common wheat. | wheat landraces carry abundant genetic variation in heading and flowering times. here, we studied flowering-related traits of two nepalese varieties, ku-4770 and ku-180 and a japanese wheat cultivar, shiroganekomugi (sgk). these three wheat varieties showed similar flowering time in a common garden experiment. in total, five significant quantitative trait loci (qtls) for three examined traits, the heading, flowering and maturation times, were detected using an f2 population of sgk/ku-4770. the q ... | 2013 | 24399909 |
| new wheat microrna using whole-genome sequence. | micrornas are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, taking roles in a variety of fundamental biological processes. hence, their identification, annotation and characterization are of great significance, especially in bread wheat, one of the main food sources for humans. the recent availability of 5× coverage triticum aestivum l. whole-genome sequence provided us with the opportunity to perform a systematic prediction of a complete catalogue of wheat micrornas. using an in silico ho ... | 2014 | 24395439 |
| the erf transcription factor taerf3 promotes tolerance to salt and drought stresses in wheat. | salinity and drought are major limiting factors of wheat (triticum aestivum) productivity worldwide. here, we report the function of a wheat erf transcription factor taerf3 in salt and drought responses and the underlying mechanism of taerf3 function. upon treatment with 250 mm nacl or 20% polyethylene glycol (peg), transcript levels of taerf3 were rapidly induced in wheat. using wheat cultivar yangmai 12 as the transformation recipient, four taerf3-overexpressing transgenic lines were generated ... | 0 | 24393105 |
| to open or to close: species-specific stomatal responses to simultaneously applied opposing environmental factors. | plant stomatal responses to single environmental factors are well studied; however, responses to a change in two (or more) factors - a common situation in nature - have been less frequently addressed. we studied the stomatal responses to a simultaneous application of opposing environmental factors in six evolutionarily distant mono- and dicotyledonous herbs representing different life strategies (ruderals, competitors and stress-tolerators) to clarify whether the crosstalk between opening- and c ... | 2014 | 24392838 |
| tamir1123 originated from a family of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (mite) including one inserted in the vrn-a1a promoter in wheat. | more than half of spring wheat cultivars have a dominant vrn-a1a allele that has an insertion of a miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (mite) in its promoter. in this study, we found that the mite present in the vrn-a1a gene (mite_vrn) is a nearly perfect palindrome and it can form highly stable hairpin loops when expressed as rna. mite_vrn also possessed sequences of a microrna in triticum aestivum (tamir1123). the p(32) labeled tamir1123 probe detected two rna molecules on a small r ... | 2014 | 24388522 |
| molecular characterization and expression analysis of triticum aestivum squamosa-promoter binding protein-box genes involved in ear development. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is one of the most important crops in the world. squamosa-promoter binding protein (sbp)-box genes play a critical role in regulating flower and fruit development. in this study, 10 novel sbp-box genes (taspl genes) were isolated from wheat ((triticum aestivum l.) cultivar yanzhan 4110). phylogenetic analysis classified the taspl genes into five groups (g1-g5). the motif combinations and expression patterns of the taspl genes varied among the five groups with each ha ... | 2014 | 24386921 |
| comparative study of transgenic brachypodium distachyon expressing sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferases from wheat and timothy grass with different enzymatic properties. | fructans can act as cryoprotectants and contribute to freezing tolerance in plant species, such as in members of the grass subfamily pooideae that includes triticeae species and forage grasses. to elucidate the relationship of freezing tolerance, carbohydrate composition and degree of polymerization (dp) of fructans, we generated transgenic plants in the model grass species brachypodium distachyon that expressed cdnas for sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferases (6-sfts) with different enzymatic ... | 2014 | 24385092 |
| fertile introgression products generated via somatic hybridization between wheat and thinopyrum intermedium. | fertile hybrids were produced with genetic material transferred from th. intermedium into a wheat background and supply a source of genetic variation to wheat improvement. both symmetric and asymmetric somatic hybrids have been obtained from the combination of wheatgrass (thinopyrum intermedium) and bread wheat (triticum aestivum). two wheat protoplast populations, one derived from embryogenic calli and the other from a non-regenerable, rapidly dividing cell line, were fused with th. intermedium ... | 2014 | 24384822 |
| genetic mapping and marker development for resistance of wheat against the root lesion nematode pratylenchus neglectus. | the rlnn1 locus, which resides on chromosome 7a of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) confers moderate resistance against the root lesion nematode pratylenchus neglectus. prior to this research, the exact linkage relationships of rlnn1 with other loci on chromosome 7a were not clear and there were no simple codominant markers available for selection of rlnn1 in wheat breeding. the objectives of the research reported here were to (1) develop an improved genetic map of the rlnn1 region of chromoso ... | 2013 | 24377498 |
| the effect of elevated temperature on barley yellow dwarf virus-pav in wheat. | barley yellow dwarf virus-pav (bydv-pav) is associated with yellow dwarf disease, one of the most economically important diseases of cereals worldwide. in this study, the impact of current and future predicted temperatures for the wimmera wheat growing district in victoria, australia on the titre of bydv-pav in wheat was investigated. ten-day old wheat (triticum aestivum, cv. yitpi) seedlings were inoculated with bydv-pav and grown at ambient (5.0-16.1°c, night-day) or elevated (10.0-21.1°c, nig ... | 2014 | 24374266 |
| physiological traits contributed to the recent increase in yield potential of winter wheat from henan province, china. | this experiment aims to test the traits responsible for the increase in yield potential of winter wheat released in henan province, china. seven established cultivars released in the last 20 years and three advanced lines were assayed. the results showed that grain yield was positively correlated with harvest index (hi), kernel number per square meter, and aboveground biomass. in addition, the hi and aboveground biomass showed an increasing trend with the year of release. therefore, we can concl ... | 2014 | 24373600 |
| wheat stripe (yellow) rust caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. | stripe (yellow) rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst), is a serious disease of wheat occurring in most wheat areas with cool and moist weather conditions during the growing season. the basidiomycete fungus is an obligate biotrophic parasite that is difficult to culture on artificial media. pst is a macrocyclic, heteroecious fungus that requires both primary (wheat or grasses) and alternate (berberis or mahonia spp.) host plants to complete its life cycle. urediniospores have ... | 2014 | 24373199 |
| using changes in agricultural utility to quantify future climate-induced risk to conservation. | much of the biodiversity-related climate change impacts research has focused on the direct effects to species and ecosystems. far less attention has been paid to the potential ecological consequences of human efforts to address the effects of climate change, which may equal or exceed the direct effects of climate change on biodiversity. one of the most significant human responses is likely to be mediated through changes in the agricultural utility of land. as farmers adapt their practices to cha ... | 2014 | 24372589 |
| identification and characterization of a novel copper transporter gene family tact1 in common wheat. | copper is an essential micronutrient for plant growth and development, and copper transporter plays a pivotal role for keeping copper homeostasis. however, little is known about copper transporters in wheat. here, we report a novel copper transporter gene family, tact1, in common wheat. three tact1 homoeologous genes were isolated and assigned to group 5 chromosomes. each of the tact1 genes (tact1-5a, -5b or -5d) possesses 12 transmembrane domains. tact1 genes exhibited higher transcript levels ... | 2014 | 24372025 |
| the place of asymmetric somatic hybridization in wheat breeding. | since its first development some 40 years ago, the application of the somatic hybridization technique has generated a body of hybrid plant material involving a wide combination of parental species. until the late 1990s, the technique was ineffective in wheat, as regeneration from protoplasts was proving difficult to achieve. since this time, however, a successful somatic hybridization protocol for wheat has been established and used to generate a substantial number of both symmetric and asymmetr ... | 2014 | 24370665 |
| characterization and expression analysis of wox5 genes from wheat and its relatives. | the wuschel (wus)-related homeobox (wox) gene family plays an important role in coordinating gene transcription in the early phases of embryogenesis. in this study, we isolated and characterized wox5 from common wheat and its relatives triticum monococcum, triticum urartu, aegilops speltoides, aegilops searsii, aegilops sharonensis, aegilops longissima, aegilops bicornis, aegilops tauschii, and triticum turgidum. the size of the characterized wox5 alleles ranged from 1029 to 1038 bp and encompas ... | 2014 | 24368329 |
| durum wheat (triticum durum desf.) lines show different abilities to form masked mycotoxins under greenhouse conditions. | deoxynivalenol (don) is the most prevalent trichothecene in europe and its occurrence is associated with infections of fusarium graminearum and f. culmorum, causal agents of fusarium head blight (fhb) on wheat. resistance to fhb is a complex character and high variability occurs in the relationship between don content and fhb incidence. don conjugation to glucose (don-3-glucoside, d3g) is the primary plant mechanism for resistance towards don accumulation. although this mechanism has been alread ... | 2013 | 24368326 |
| interaction of photoperiod and vernalization determines flowering time of brachypodium distachyon. | timing of flowering is key to the reproductive success of many plants. in temperate climates, flowering is often coordinated with seasonal environmental cues such as temperature and photoperiod. vernalization is an example of temperature influencing the timing of flowering and is defined as the process by which a prolonged exposure to the cold of winter results in competence to flower during the following spring. in cereals, three genes (vernalization1 [vrn1], vrn2, and flowering locus t [ft]) h ... | 0 | 24357601 |
| quantitative and qualitative differences in celiac disease epitopes among durum wheat varieties identified through deep rna-amplicon sequencing. | wheat gluten is important for the industrial quality of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and durum wheat (t. turgidum l.). gluten proteins are also the source of immunogenic peptides that can trigger a t cell reaction in celiac disease (cd) patients, leading to inflammatory responses in the small intestine. various peptides with three major t cell epitopes involved in cd are derived from alpha-gliadin fraction of gluten. alpha-gliadins are encoded by a large multigene family and amino acid var ... | 2013 | 24354426 |
| evaluation of assembly strategies using rna-seq data associated with grain development of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is one of the most important crops cultivated worldwide. identifying the complete transcriptome of wheat grain could serve as foundation for further study of wheat seed development. however, the relatively large size and the polyploid complexity of the genome have been substantial barriers to molecular genetics and transcriptome analysis of wheat. alternatively, rna sequencing has provided some useful information about wheat genes. however, because of the large numbe ... | 2013 | 24349528 |
| effects of nitrogen nutrition on the synthesis and deposition of the ω-gliadins of wheat. | the ω-gliadin storage proteins of wheat are of interest in relation to their impact on grain processing properties and their role in food allergy, particularly the ω-5 sub-group and wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. the ω-gliadins are also known to be responsive to nitrogen application. this study therefore compares the effects of cultivar and nitrogen availability on the synthesis and deposition of ω-gliadins in wheat grown under field conditions in the uk, including temporal and sp ... | 2014 | 24344140 |
| ubiquity of insect-derived nitrogen transfer to plants by endophytic insect-pathogenic fungi: an additional branch of the soil nitrogen cycle. | the study of symbiotic nitrogen transfer in soil has largely focused on nitrogen-fixing bacteria. vascular plants can lose a substantial amount of their nitrogen through insect herbivory. previously, we showed that plants were able to reacquire nitrogen from insects through a partnership with the endophytic, insect-pathogenic fungus metarhizium robertsii. that is, the endophytic capability and insect pathogenicity of m. robertsii are coupled so that the fungus acts as a conduit to provide insect ... | 2014 | 24334669 |
| identification of quantitative trait locus for abscisic acid responsiveness on chromosome 5a and association with dehydration tolerance in common wheat seedlings. | the phytohormone abscisic acid (aba) plays important roles in response to environmental stress as well as in seed maturation and dormancy. in common wheat, quantitative trait loci (qtls) for aba responsiveness at the seedling stage have been reported on chromosomes 1b, 2a, 3a, 6d and 7b. in this study, we identified a novel qtl for aba responsiveness on chromosome 5a using an f2 population derived from a cross between the common wheat cultivar chinese spring (cs) and a chromosome substitution li ... | 2014 | 24331416 |
| conventional digital cameras as a tool for assessing leaf area index and biomass for cereal breeding. | affordable and easy-to-use methods for assessing biomass and leaf area index (lai) would be of interest in most breeding programs. here, we describe the evaluation of a protocol for photographic sampling and image analysis aimed at providing low-labor yet robust indicators of biomass and lai. in this trial, two genotypes of triticale, two of bread wheat, and four of tritordeum were studied. at six dates during the growing cycle, biomass and lai were measured destructively, and digital photograph ... | 2014 | 24330531 |
| characterization and phylogenetic analysis of allergenic tryp_alpha_amyl protein family in plants. | most known allergenic proteins in rice ( oryza sativa ) seed belong to the tryp_alpha_amyl family (pf00234), but the sequence characterization and the evolution of the allergenic tryp_alpha_amyl family members in plants have not been fully investigated. in this study, two specific motifs were found besides the common alpha-amylase inhibitors (aai) domain from the allergenic tryp_alpha_amyl family members in rice seeds (trrsas). to understand the evolution and functional importance of the tryp_al ... | 2014 | 24328177 |
| a wheat allene oxide cyclase gene enhances salinity tolerance via jasmonate signaling. | one of the two branches of the α-linolenic acid metabolism pathway is catalyzed by 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase i, and the other is involved in jasmonic acid (ja) synthesis. the former is known to be active in the response to salinity tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum), but the participation of the latter in this response has not been established as yet. here, the salinity-responsive bread wheat gene taaoc1, which encodes an allene oxide cyclase involved in the α-linolenic acid metabol ... | 2014 | 24326670 |
| the heat shock factor family from triticum aestivum in response to heat and other major abiotic stresses and their role in regulation of heat shock protein genes. | heat shock factors (hsfs) play a central regulatory role in acquired thermotolerance. to understand the role of the major molecular players in wheat adaptation to heat stress, the hsf family was investigated in triticum aestivum. bioinformatic and phylogenetic analyses identified 56 tahsf members, which are classified into a, b, and c classes. many tahsfs were constitutively expressed. subclass a6 members were predominantly expressed in the endosperm under non-stress conditions. upon heat stress ... | 2014 | 24323502 |