Publications

a double-blind comparison of clindamycin with penicillin plus chloramphenicol in treatment of septic abortion.	the responses to therapy with either clindamycin alone or penicillin plus chloramphenicol in 77 patients with septic abortions were compared in a randomized, double-blind study. although fever index and duration of hospitalization were similar for both groups of patients, significantly more patients in the group that received clindamycin developed major complications (p less than 0.05). this is believed to result from clindamycin's lack of activity against aerobic gram-negative bacilli. aggressi ...	1977	321709
bactericidal activity of tinidazole. an in vitro comparison of the effects of tinidazole and metronidazole against bacteroides fragilis and other anaerobic bacteria.	the new antiprotozoal agent, tinidazole, was found to be bactericidal against all 52 isolates of obligate anaerobic bacteria tested, 42 bacteroides fragilis, 4 clostridia and 6 peptostreptococci. the minimum bactericidal concentrations of tinidazole for b. fragilis ranged from 0.25 to 4 mug/ml, and those of metronidazole from 0.25 to 8 mug/ml, i.e. several times lower than the serum concentrations achievable after oral administration. in most cases the mic was identical with mbc or half of it. o ...	1977	318974
anaerobic and aerobic bacteriology of acute conjunctivitis.	aerobic and anaerobic cultures and clinical data were obtained from 131 patients presenting with acute conjunctivitis. similar cultures were obtained from 60 noninflamed individuals. anaerobes were isolated from 66 patients, 51 times in mixed culture with aerobes and 15 times (11.5%) as the only isolates. aerobes only were recovered in 54 patients. the organisms found to be statistically significantly more commonly recovered from eyes with conjunctivitis were staphylococcus aureus, hemophilus in ...	1979	313179
metastatic peptostreptococcus intermedius endophthalmitis after a dental procedure.	a 46-year-old man developed symptoms of a chronic progressive uveitis in his right eye approximately one week after a dental procedure. the patient's intraocular inflammation was not diminished by massive treatment with topical and systemic corticosteroid therapy or intravenously administered adrenocorticotropic hormone. the inflammatory process progressed to an overt endophthalmitis during a period of three weeks and the eye eventually required evisceration. a pure culture of peptostreptococcus ...	1978	306760
long-term effects of tetracycline on the subgingival microflora.		1979	287678
post-tonsillectomy anaerobic septicemia.		1979	286176
dental caries in gnotobiotic rats incubated with a strain of peptostreptococcus intermedius.		1978	280581
dental caries in gnotobiotic rats inoculated with a strain of peptostreptococcus intermedius.		1978	277560
microbiota of gingivitis in man.	a study on the predominant cultivable microorganisms inhabiting gingival crevices affected with a chronic gingivitis was carried out using the roll tube culture technique. samples were obtained from nine individuals 25--42 years of age. gram-positive rods make up 29.1% of the isolates and included mainly actinomyces naeslundii, actinomyces israelii, and actinomyces viscosus. streptococcus mitis and streptococcus sanguis together made up 26.8% of the cultivable organisms. peptostreptococcus avera ...	1978	276916
dental caries in gnotobiotic rats inoculated with a strain of peptostreptococcus intermedius.		1977	264886
survival of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria on cotton swabs in three transport systems.	the capacity of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria to survive on cotton swabs placed into a dry gassed-out co2-filled tube (dgt), dry sterile aerobic tube (dat), and a tube containing a modified stuarts' transport medium (mst), was assessed. pseudomonas aeruginosa increased in numbers by 2 and 3 logs when stored in mst and dat, respectively. the viability of p. aeruginosa, although retarded when compared to msa and dat, was not adversely affected by the co2 environment in the dgt. the mst maintaine ...	1975	240870
evaluation of bacteriological transport systems.	seven commercially manufactured bacteriological transport systems, including culturette, trans-cul (with stuart and amies), handiswab, securline (with amies and amies without charcoal) and culture caddy, were evaluated to determine whether these systems were capable of maintaining the viability and constant numbers of mixtures of hardy, fastidious and anaerobic organisms over 72 hours at 25c and 4c. the results of the study indicated that if specimens are maintained in transport systems at 25c t ...	1975	239597
d-lactate dehydrogenase of peptostreptococcus elsdenii.		1975	236453
[new species of lactic acid bacteria, described in the ussr, in the light of modern identification schemes].		1975	235331
role of anaerobic bacteria in subdural empyema. report of four cases and review of 327 cases from the english literature.	anaerobic bacteria were isolated from the subdural space in all four cases of subdural empyema encountered over a 2 and a half year period. only one aerobe was isolated in these cases. the bacteriology of subdural empyema was further analyzed from a review of 327 cases reported in the english literature. anaerobes accounted for 12 per cent of 234 cases; in addition, 27 per cent of cases were reportedly "sterile." these data support our finding that anaerobic bacteria may play a far more importan ...	1975	234678
[sensitivity of anaerobes in gyneco-obstetric infections].		1978	232934
[surgical infections by anaerobes in gyneco-obstetrics].		1978	232933
occurrence of anaerobic bacteria in diseases of the dog and cat.	a survey for anaerobic bacteria was conducted in 314 clinical specimens from dogs and cats. a total of 187 anaerobic isolates in pure and mixed culture were isolated from 111 of the specimens that contained anaerobic bacteria. common isolated included actinomyces (9.1%), clostridium perfringens (19.3%), other clostridium spp (11.2%), peptostreptococcus anaerobius (7.5%), bacteroides melaninogenicus (13.4%), other bacteroides spp (17.6%), and fusobacterium necrophorum (5.3%). anaerobic bacteria w ...	1979	224739
effect of silver nitrate application on the conjunctival flora of the newborn: and the occurrence of clostridial conjunctivitis.	newborn conjunctival cultures were obtained from 35 babies prior to silver nitrate application and 48 hours later. on initial culture, 46 facultative bacteria and 27 anaerobes were recovered; 48 facultative and 18 anaerobes were recovered after 48 hours. haemophilus vaginalis, bacteroides species and anaerobic cocci decreased in numbers, whereas s. epidermidis, micrococcus and propionibacterium acnes increased during this time interval. clostridial species were isolated from two cases who develo ...	1978	216788
rubredoxin.		1978	213684
the in vitro and in vivo activity of taurolin against anaerobic pathogenic organisms.	an antibacterial agent, taurolin, formed by the combination of 2 molecules of taurine with 3 molecules of formaldehyde has been tested against anaerobes in vitro and in vivo. in vitro, taurolin is highly active against bacteroides species and anaerobic streptococci as measured by the minimum inhibitory concentration. in vivo, small dosages of taurolin given intraperitoneally increase the mortality in mice with bacteroides peritonitis. however, by increasing the dosage of taurolin, survival is pr ...	1977	201040
[fecal flora of man. v. communication: the fluctuation of the fecal flora of the healthy adult (author's transl)].	seven fecal specimens from each of healthy persons, aged 25 to 42 years, during the period of 2 months were analyzed to obtain the knowledge on the day-to-day variation in the same person and the person-to-person variation. irrespective of individuals, bacteroidaceae, catenabacteria (eubacteria and strict anaerobic lactobacilli), peptostreptococci (anaerobic gram positive cocci) and bifidobacteria constituted the predominant flora. spirillaceae, megasphaerae and clostridia (except cl. perfringen ...	1977	196456
gelatin neutralization of the inhibitory effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate on neisseria meningitidis in blood culture media.	the inhibitory effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate (0.05%) upon growth of neisseria meningitidis was found to be neutralized by adding gelatin (l.1%) to the growth medium. the neutralizing effect was demonstrated in solid medium, as well as in nutrient broth for blood cultures. the findings parallel those of wilkins and west (6) regarding gelatin neutralization of the inhibitory effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate on peptostreptococcus anaerobius.	1977	195978
a continuous fluorometric assay for flavokinase. properties of flavokinase from peptostreptococcus elsdenii.	a continuous fluorometric assay that utilizes apoflavodoxin as a trapping agent for riboflavin 5'-phosphate (fmn) has been developed for flavokinase (atp:riboflavin 5'-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.26). use of this assay is illustrated in a procedure for the partial purification of flavokinase from the strict anaerobe peptostreptococcus elsdenii. the purified enzyme catalyzed the formation of 8.3 nmol fmn - min-1 - mg-1 at 37 degrees c and had apparent km values for riboflavin and atp of 10 and 4 ...	1977	195619
anaerobic bacteria in biliary disease in elderly patients.	gallbladder bile from 52 elderly subjects who had undergone biliary tract surgery was examined for the presence of bacteria. twelve patients had sterile bile, 18 specimens of bile yielded anaerobes as well as aerobes, and 22 yielded aerobic bacteria only. escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated organism (30 strains). bacteroides fragilis was the most frequently encountered anaerobic bacterium and was found in 15 patients. the klebsiella-enterobacter group was the second most commonly iso ...	1977	192815
evaluation of the sodium polyanethol sulfonate disk test for the identification of peptostreptococcus anaerobius.	the previously reported sodium polyanethol sulfonate disk test for the identification of peptostreptococcus anaerobius (graves et al., 1974) was evaluated, with modifications. three bands of brucella agar, three inoculum sizes, and two inoculum sources were compared. nine stock cultures of p. anaerobius (eight normal flora isolates and atcc 27337) and 16 fresh clinical isolates were used. all cultures of p. anaerobius showed inhibition zones of 12 to 30 mm in diameter, regardless of test conditi ...	1976	185236
electron-transferring flavoprotein of peptostreptococcus elsdenii that functions in the reduction of acrylyl-coenzyme a.	in peptostreptococcus elsdenii, a three-component flavoprotein electron transfer system catalyzes the oxidation of lactate and the reduction of crotonyl-coenzyme a (coa). spectral evidence showed that d-lactate dehydrogenase, when reduced by d-lactate, was able to reduce butyryl-coa dehydrogenase, but only in the presence of the electron-transferring flavoprotein. reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide could replace reduced d-lactate dehydrogenase. a reconstituted system, containing the three ...	1975	172488
growth curves of anaerobic bacteria in solid media.	simple pour plate and spectrophotometric techniques for the evaluation of growth curves of several anaerobic bacteria on solid media are described. three basic patterns of anaerobic growth were observed. the curves obtained were very reproducible when studied on separate occasions. the curves obtained by spectrophotometric measurement were comparable to those obtained by the pour plate method, especially when a large bacterial inoculum was used. limitations in the interpretation of the results a ...	1975	167660
anaerobic infections of the female genital tract.	anaerobic bacterial organisms are a frequent cause of female genital tract infections. there has been a lack of appreciation of the significant role anaerobes play in obstetric and gynecologic infections. utilization of newer appropriate anaerobic culture techniques has shown the importance of these organisms as pathogens in serious infections of the genital tract. many species of anaerobic bacteria appear to be part of the normal microflora of the lower genital tract in female subjects. similar ...	1975	167582
antibiotic susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria by the standardized disc diffusion method with special reference to bacteroides fragilis.	the susceptibility of 90 strains of bacteroides fragilis to 16 antibacterial drugs was determined by the agar plate dilution test and the disc diffusion test. good correlation of results was obtained with the two methods, and regression line analysis could be performed for beta-lactam antibiotics, erythromycin, tetracyclines, lincomycin and clindamycin. thus the standardized disc diffusion method can be used for susceptibility testing, but only a clear distinction between sensitive and resistant ...	1975	167431
prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean section.	using a random selection procedure, 100 patients were evaluated in order to determine the value of prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean section. all patients were evaluated for febrile morbidity, and specific infection sites were recorded. significant differences were found between the treated and control groups and between cesarean sections performed prior to the onset of labor and after the onset of labor.	1975	164642
susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to metronidazole: relative resistance of non-spore-forming gram-positive baccilli.	susceptibility of 358 clinical isolates of obligate anaerobes to metronidazole was determined by an agar-dilution technique. only 66% of all isolates were inhibited by 6.25 mug/ml, whereas 30% required larger than or equal to 50 mug/ml. considerable variation in susceptibility was observed among different genera and species of bacteria. fusobacterium was most senstitive, followed by clostridium, bacteroides and peptococcus, peptostreptococcus, veillonella and acidaminococcus, and non-spore-formi ...	1975	163867
bacteriological studies of developing supragingival dental plaque.		1977	138733
predominant cultivable microbiota in periodontosis.		1977	138729
the presence of antibody-coated anaerobic bacteria in asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy.	quantitative anaerobic culture of urine samples obtained from 593 pregnant women by suprapubic bladder aspiration was performed to establish the involvement of anaerobic bacteria in asymptomatic urinary tract infections. the fluorescent antibody (fa) test was applied to the sediments of bladder aspirates to determine the site of infection. anaerobic bacteriuria (greater than or equal to 10(4) microorganisms/ml of urine) was found in 34 patients, of whom five were fa-positive. these anaerobes wer ...	1979	118996
a new hydrolase specific for taurine-conjugates of bile acids.	through the investigation of the bile acid-deconjugation activities of human intestinal anaerobes, a new enzyme was discovered in peptostreptococcus intermedius which hydrolyzed specifically the taurine-conjugates, but not the glycine-conjugates of bile acids. however, the enzymes in streptococcus faecalis and lactobacillus brevis hydrolyzed chiefly the glycine-conjugates.	1978	100491
identification of bacteroides fragilis by indirect immunofluorescence.	rabbit antiserum against live or heat-killed bacteroides fragilis nctc 9343 bacteria was titrated against hot phenol water-extracted polysaccharide antigens from five different species of the 'b. fragilis group' of bacteria using an enzyme immunoassay and shown to be specific for the b. fragilis nctc 9343 polysaccharide. when the antiserum was used in indirect immunofluorescence, 97.1% of 244 b. fragilis strains were correctly identified. only 8 of the other 312 bacteroides strains were stained ...	1979	94651
extractable antigen shared by peptostreptococcus anaerobius strains.	extracts from several species of gram-positive cocci were prepared by a modification of the rantz-randall autoclave method and tested for reactions with rabbit anti-peptostreptococcus anaerobius (atcc 27337 and vpi 5737) sera in a capillary precipitin test. antigen preparations from two reference strains of p. anaerobius (atcc 27337 and vpi 5737) and six clinical isolates of p. anaerobius reacted with the p. anaerobius antisera. these extracts formed a line of identity by immunodiffusion and dis ...	1979	88461
differentiation of several isolates of peptococcus magnus by counterimmunoelectrophoresis.	uniform sonicated suspensions of three clinical isolates of peptococcus magnus that were morphologically, chromatographically, and biochemically identical were used to produce hyperimmune antisera in rabbits. similar hyperimmune serum was prepared to a single strain of peptostreptococcus anaerobius. when these antisera and antigens were tested by counterimmunoelectrophoresis, the three isolates of peptococcus magnus were immunologically distinct. none of the antisera to peptococcus magnus formed ...	1977	68929
improved procedure for transport of dental plaque samples and other clinical specimens containing anaerobic bacteria.	an improved transport system for samples containing anaerobic bacteria was developed. this system increased the recovery rate of anaerobic bacteria up to 28.8% as compared to a commonly used method.	1979	39087
urease-producing species of intestinal anaerobes and their activities.	urease activities of anaerobic bacteria that constituted predominant gut flora were examined. it was demonstrated that some strains of eubacterium aerofaciens, e. lentum, and peptostreptococcus products produced urease. they were the most numerous species in human feces. all strains of bifidobacterium infantis and some strains of bacteroides multiacidus, b. bifidum, clostridium symbiosum, fusobacterium necrophorum, f. varium, lactobacillus fermentum, peptococcus asaccharolyticus, and p. prevotii ...	1979	36839
acute suppurative parotitis caused by anaerobic bacteria: report of two cases.	staphylococcus aureus is the predominant pathogen in acute suppurative parotitis. although anaerobic bacteria are prevalent in the normal oral and upper respiratory tract flora and frequently are involved in oral and facial infections, they have seldom been isolated from patients with suppurative parotitis. it may be that a role for anaerobes in parotitis has not been documented because of inadequate specimen transport or anaerobic culture techniques. we describe two cases of acute suppurative p ...	1978	32513
hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical formation in anaerobic broth media exposed to atmospheric oxygen.	fourteen different broth media were autoclaved under anaerobic conditions and then exposed to atmospheric oxygen. the hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical formation as well as the bactericidal effect of the media were studied. the rate of killing of peptostreptococcus anaerobius vpi 4330-1 was high in media that rapidly autoxidized and accumulated hydrogen peroxide. in actinomyces broth (bbl), 50% of the cells were killed within 2 min, and in brewer thioglycolate medium (difco), 50% were kil ...	1978	29560
quantitative evaluation of three commercial blood culture media for growth of anaerobic organisms.	the ability of three different commercial blood culture media--brain heart infusion broth (pfizer), thiol broth (difco), and prs-peptone broth (becton, dickinson & co.)--to support the growth of five different anaerobes is described. inocula of 100 and 1,000 colony-forming units per ml were used to evaluate potential differences in survival, lag time, growth rate, and doubling times of each anaerobe in each medium. in addition, each medium was evaluated for its ability to neutralize the antibact ...	1978	24059
current aspects of gas gangrene, apropos of 47 cases collected over a 3-year period (1974-1976).	on the basis of 47 cases of gas gangrene collected over the three year period between 1974 and 1976, the authors review the circumstances surrounding its development, the clinical features and the prognosis of the disorder which remains grave despite a well-defined therapeutic protocol combining surgery, antibiotics and hyperbaric oxygen. there would appear to be a real resurgence of the disease at the present time. post-traumatic and surgical aetiologies predominate, giving rise to two types of ...	1977	23023
effect of pressure upon the fluorescence of various flavodoxins.	the effects of hydrostatic pressure in the range of 10(-3) to 11 kbar on the fluorescence of flavodoxins from peptostreptococcus elsdenii, desulfovibrio vulgaris, azotobacter vinelandii, and clostridium mp were investigated. the first three flavoproteins showed under high pressure enhancements of flavin fluorescence of over 50 times resulting from the release of flavin mononucleotide from the protein complex. the clostridial flavodoxin showed a very much smaller fluorescence change. at ph 7.5 th ...	1977	20943
in vitro inhibition of growth of neisseria gonorrhoeae by genital microorganisms.	the ability of microorganisms present in titers of over 10(5)/ml in the vaginal or cervical secretions to inhibit growth of n. gonorrhoeae in vitro was tested. study of a strain of n. gonorrhoeae against 77 microorganisms demonstrated that most strans of s. epidermidis, s. aureus and the one "gaffkya anaerobia" interfered with the growth of the n. gonorrhoeae. a minority of strains of s. viridans, neisseria, candida and bifidobacterium demonstrated interference. no strains of enterococcus, dipth ...	1977	17163
the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone associated with anaerobic thoracic empyema.	the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone has been associated with many pulmonary diseases, including tuberculosis and bacterial and viral pneumonia: however, it has not been reported with anaerobic infections or empyema in the absence of pneumonia. we report a patient with empyema due to bacteroides melaninogenicus, bacteroides oralis, and peptostreptococcus who developed the syndrome. eight hours before the start of therapy, his serum sodium concentration was 127 meq per ...	1977	15491
studies on the binding of fmn by apoflavodoxin from peptostreptococcus elsdenii, ph and nacl concentration dependence.	1. the ph and ionic strength dependence of the interaction of fmn with apoflavodoxin has been studied by fluorometry in the ph region 2-5, at 22 degrees c. 2. the rate constant of dissociation and the dissociation constant were experimentally determined; the rate constants of association were claculated at a given ph value. these constants depend on the ionic strength. the plots of these constants against the square root of the ionic strength are straight. 3. our data have been interpreted in te ...	1976	10978
bacterial interference by oropharynegeal and clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria.	anaerobic isolates were tested for bacterial inhibitory activity. of 144 isolates, 102 were from oropharynegeal washings, and 42 were from clinical specimens. thirteen facultative bacterial species (seven members of the enterobacteriaceae and six species of gram-positive cocci) were used as indicators of inhibition. eleven anaerobic species were isolated from oral secretions. all isolates of bacteroides melaninogenicus, the most commonly recovered species, consistently inhibited several species ...	1976	10336
non-heme iron proteins. the amino acid sequence of rubredoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris.	a non-heme iron protein, rubredoxin has been isolated from the sulfate-reducing bacterium, desulfovibrio vulgaris, strain hildenborough. the complete amino acid sequence has been established. the 52 amino acid residues of the protein were aligned with the aid of tryptic and chymotryptic peptides and of a fragment produced by cleavage of the asn-gly bond (22-23) by hydroxylamine. the sequence of the first 30 residues of the molecule was determined using an automatic sequenator, after removal of t ...	1976	7308
identification and properties of 8-hydroxyflavin--adenine dinucleotide in electron-transferring flavoprotein from peptostreptococcus elsdenii.	1. a new flavin prosthetic group has been isolated in pure form from the electron-transferring flavoprotein of peptostreptococcus elsdenni. its structure has been established as the fad derivative of 7-methyl-8-hydroxyisoalloxazine: (see article). proof of this structure has been obtained by chemical syntehsis of 7-methyl-8-hydroxyisoalloxazine models, and by stepwise degradation of the native compound to 7-methy-8-hydroxyalloxazine. the orange chromophore is characterized by a strong absorption ...	1976	4321
survival of anaerobic bacteria during transportation. 1. experimental investigations on the effect of evacuation of atmospheric air by flushing with carbon dioxide and nitrogen.	the effect of evacuation of atmospheric air during transportation on recovery of anaerobic bacteria was investigated. evacuation of atmospheric air from glass tubes by flushing with pure carbon dioxide lowered the content of oxygen to about 0.4 per cent. three b. fragilis strains and one strain of fusobacterium mortiferum and of peptostreptococcus anaerobius were investigated. bacterial recovery was determined one hour and 24 hours after evacuation of atmospheric air by pure carbon dioxide and p ...	1976	3089
purification, new assay, and properties of coenzyme a transferase from peptostreptococcus elsdenii.	coenzyme a (coa) transferase from peptostreptococcus elsdenii has been purified and crystallized, and some of its properties have been established. the work was facilitated by a newly developed coupled and continuous spectrophotometric assay in which the disappearance of added acrylate could be followed at 245 nm. the rate-limiting conversion of acetyl- and beta-hydroxypropionyl coa to acrylyl coa by coa transferase was followed by the non-rate-limiting conversion to beta-hydroxypropionyl coa by ...	1975	369
d-lactate dehydrogenase of peptostreptococcus elsdenii.	d-lactate dehydrogenase has been purified to near homogeneity from peptostreptococcus elsdenii. as isolated, the enzyme contains flavine adenine dinucleotide and a tightly bound metal cofactor. inactivation by ortho-phenanthroline occurs in two steps and is partially blocked by d-lactate. reactivation by divalent metal ions occurs, with divalent zinc being the most effective. when ferricyanide is used as the electron acceptor, d-lactate has an apparent k0.5 of 3.3 m0.46; its binding is negativel ...	1975	368