Publications

pneumonic tularemia on martha's vineyard.		1979	481515
clinical, epidemiological and therapeutical experience with human tularaemia: the role of hamster hunters.	fifty patients suffering from tularaemia were treated in our department. the most frequent occupation of the tularaemia patients was hamster hunter. the most important source of the tularaemic infection (90%) was the hamster (cricetus cricetus). we observed the cutano-glandular form in 90% of the patients and internal tularaemia in 10%. the antibiotics used (streptomycin i. m., oxytetracycline and doxycycline per os) were effective.	1979	437894
[mechanism of the changes in the animal reactivity to tularemia in mixed infection].	experiments were conducted on albino rats infected with listeria or salmonelloses, and then with tularemia; differences were revealed in the duration of manifestation of nonspecific resistance associated with peculiarities of pathogenesis and immunogenesis of the background infections. one of the significant factors causing an increase of albino rats resistance to tularemia in mixed infection was activation of the immunomorphological reaction promoting accelerated development of specific immunit ...	1978	415458
host resistance to the lvs strain of francisella tularensis in bcg vaccinated mice.		1977	411926
[agents of zoonoses and the environment of their habitats. iii. adaptive variability and ecotypes].		1977	405989
isolation of pathogens other than yersinia pestis during plague investigations.	from 1975 to 1978, 37 isolates of pasteurella multocida, 1 of salmonella enteriditis, and 5 of francisella tularensis were recovered from 42 mammalian specimens and 1 flea pool submitted for examination for evidence of infection with yersinia pestis. most of the specimens were collected during investigations of either a human plague infection or a reported epizootic among rodent populations. all specimens were of species regularly or occasionally involved in plague or tularemia cycles in nature ...	1979	392123
isolation of francisella tularensis from mites haemogamasus nidi and laelaps hilaris in western slovakia.	isolating of f. tularensis from gamasid mites h. nidi parasitizing on the bank vole (cl. glareolus) and l. hilaris on the common vole (m. arvalis) are reported. the epidemiological significance of this finding is discussed.	1979	388944
[protective reaction in ornithodoros papillipes to the causative agents of salmonellosis and tularemia and to staphylococcus].		1978	356412
persistence of enterobacteriaceae in female adults of the biting gnat culicoides variipennis (diptera: ceratopogonidae).		1978	344884
isolation of francisella tularensis from infected frozen human blood.	francisella tularensis was isolated from human blood that was frozen for 3 months before it was examined. before he became ill, the patient operated a "bush-hog" in an area thickly populated with rabbits. his illness was undiagnosed and untreated before his death. portions of blood and tissue homogenates from necropsy were injected intraperitoneally into mice and inoculated onto glucose-cysteine-blood agar plates. f. tularensis did not grow from the culture plates, but mice inoculated with the b ...	1977	328528
[change in phagocytic activity toward the agent of tularemia in highly sensitive animals with mixed infections].	an increase of the ingestive and digestive capacity of neutrophils to the homologous causative agent and tularemia microbe was revealed by the opsonophagocytic test in microtus arvalis, albino mice and guinea pigs infected with sublethal yersinia pseudotuberculosis and salmonella typhimurium doses. in subsequent tularemia infection some of the animals displayed a reduction of the septicemia intensity, prolongation of the disease and elevation of the susceptibility threshold. period of manifestat ...	1977	325967
determination of antibacterial antibodies in serum by immunoradiometric assays.	when used to determine immunopurified antibacterial globulins in saline-phosphate buffer, the detection sensitivities of direct competitive and indirect immunoradiometric assays were respectively 25 and 2 ng. normal human and rabbit sera interfered in both types of assay, markedly decreasing sensitivity and precision. various pre-treatments of sera and modifications of reaction conditions substantially decreased interference in the competitive assay without affecting the activity of added antibo ...	1977	323486
cultivation and isolation of francisella tularensis on selective chocolate agar, as used routinely for the isolation of gonoccocci.		1977	320819
endotoxin effects on the liver.		1977	320416
stimulation of subpopulations of human lymphocytes by a vaccine strain of francisella tularensis.	when purified t lymphocytes from individuals vaccinated with a viable, attenuated strain of francisella tularensis were incubated in vitro in the presence of heat-killed bacteria or a membrane preparation of the vaccine strain, they were stimulated to form blast cells and to synthesize deoxyribonucleic acid. the blast cells had the characteristics of t cells, being devoid of surface immunoglobulin and able to form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. the stimulation occurred only when monocytes wer ...	1978	307538
the active e-rosette test: a sensitive in vitro correlate for human delayed-type hypersensitivity.	the "active" rosette test was adapted as an in vitro assay and correlated with human delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (dch) to two microbial antigens. peripheral lymphocytes were purified from donors known to be responders or nonresponders to ppd-tuberculin or tularemia on the basis of prior dch reactions. skin test antigen, incubated with lymphocytes from antigen-sensitive donors, produced a significant increase (+2 s.d.) in the ability of the lymphocytes to form active rosette-forming cells ...	1977	299750
tularemia in metropolitan new york.		1978	280774
virulence factors of francisella tularensis.	the mechanism causing viable francisella tularensis to lose virulence in aerosols has been investigated. fully virulent organisms were found to be encapsulated and avirulent organisms from aged aerosols, decapsulated. capsules were also removed by suspension of f. tularensis in hypertonic sodium chloride. the resulting naked, but viable, organisms were predominantly avirulent for guinea-pigs challenged intraperitoneally. capsular material and cell walls were found to contain large amounts of lip ...	1977	267668
[isolation of the causative agent of tularemia from siberian lemmings in eastern taymyr].	the authors present the results of bacteriological and serological study for tularemia of 498 lemmings caught in taimyr. positive results were revealed in 4 out of 98 sera examined in the indirect hemagglutination test. in carrying out 67 biological tests on albino mice there were isolated for the first time in the soviet union 6 cultures of the causative agent of tularemia from the spleen of lemmings. by morphological, cultural and virulent properties the cultures obtained failed to differ from ...	1975	239505
chronic shedding tularemia nephritis in rodents: possible relation to occurrence of francisella tularensis in lotic waters.	contamination of streams by francisella tularensis, a fastidious pathogen, was discovered by miller in russia. subsequently that contamination was found to be the source of extensive human outbreaks, and to occur as well in north america. circumstantial evidence supports a hypothesis that infected voles are responsible for the contamination, but when freshly isolated f. tularensis palaearctica is inoculated parenterally, only acute illness and death result whereas long-term contamination of stre ...	1975	239255
relationship of serum beta-glucuronidase and lysozyme to pathogenesis of tularemia in immune and nonimmune rats.	a temporal study is reported of the febrile responses, tissue bacterial contents, and serum concentration of the lysosomal enzymes, beta-glucuronidase and lysozyme, in nonimmune rats inoculated with virulent or attenuated strains of francisella tularensis, and in immune rats challenged with either a high or low dose of virulent organisms. the level of serum beta-glucuronidase appears to be an indicator of hepatocyte damage, whereas serum lysozyme correlates with the appearance, frequency, and se ...	1975	237835
biochemical and immunological properties of ribonucleic acid-rich extracts from francisella tularensis.	ribonucleic acid (rna)-rich extracts derived from the attenuated strain of francisella tularensis (strain lvs) protected swiss mice against lethal challenge with f. tularensis strain 425 but not against strain schu s4. no killed preparation, including an rna-rich extract from schu s4 itself, offered protection against strain schu s4 in contrast to the high level of protection offered against this strain by vaccination with live strain lvs. the protective activity observed against strain 425 was ...	1975	237834
the mediator of cellular immunity. x. interaction of macrophages and specifically sensitized lymphocytes.		1975	237635
tularaemia in the rat. i. the cellular basis on host resistance to infection.	rats infected with the live vaccine strain (lvs) of francisella tularensis develop in vivo and in vitro evidence of cellular hypersensitivity and a concomitant state of cellular resistance to infection. they key role of sensitized lymphocytes in cellular resistance was domonstrated in transfer experiments. using this technique, it was shown that thoracic duct lymphocytes from francisella immune donors conferred specific antimicrobial resistance on normal recipients, whereas antiserum afforded no ...	1975	236983
[the possibility of predicting the degree of plasmacyte reaction in response to administration of soluble antigen to mice].	the work is devoted to the mathematical description of the accumulation of plasma cells in the spleen of cba mice immunized intraperitoneally. a dependence between the dynamics of the soluble antigen concentration in the blood and the plasmocytic reaction in the spleen was confirmed under experimental conditions. index a was suggested for detection of a change from the antigenic function to the accumulation of plasma cells. the mean values of index a were used to compare the calculated values of ...	1975	235822
[sialic acid in f. tularensis and f. novicida antigens].	sialic acid was revealed in the antigens of virulent (503/830 and schu) and vaccine (schu-attenuated and 15-reduced) strains of f. tularensis and also in the antigens of f. novicida isolated by the treatment with trichloracetic acid, by the thiobarbiturate method of warren. its content depended on the culture virulence. sialic acid was absent in the antigens of avirulent strains of the causative agent of tularemia (503-attenuated, 15-attenuated and 21/400), but, in difference from the virulent s ...	1975	235820
temporal appearance of opsonizing antibody to francisella tularensis: detection by a radiometabolic assay.	the burst in oxidative metabolism that is mediated through activation of the hexose monophosphate shunt and accompanies particle ingestion by polymorphonuclear leukocytes was used as the indicator in an in vitro radiometabolic assay for detection of specific opsonizing antibody to francisella tularensis. release of 14co2 from radiolabeled glucose was increased significantly when specific immune serum added to suspensions of monkey polymorphonuclear leukocytes and f. tularensis. with this method, ...	1975	234915
phagocytosis of francisella tularensis by rhesus monkey peripheral leukocytes.	phagocytosis of francisella tularensis by rhesus monkey peripheral neutrophils (pmn, was assessed by autoradiography, electron microscopy, and biochemical techniques. pmn, in contrast to mononuclear phagocytes, were unable to phagocytize f. tularensis in vitro in the absence of immune serum. it is postulated that in the nonimmune host the innate inability of pmn to phagocytize f. tularensis deletes one of the possible mechanisms of host defense to bacterial infection and thus permits the early d ...	1975	234911
[changes in the antibacterial effects of organs and tissues of ornithodoros papillipes birula ticks].		1975	234572
changes in whole blood and serum components during francisella tularensis and rabbit pox infections of rabbits.	rabbits infected with virulent francisella tularensis strain schu s4 or rabbit pox virus (utrecht strain) showed significant early changes in serum levels of trace metals, neutral fat and alkaline phosphatase activity. with f. tularensis infections a marked early leukopenia and a decrease in serum amino acids were also observed; the effect on amino acid levels was less pronounced in rabbit pox infections. in both diseases these changes preceded the appearance of acute phase globulins in the seru ...	1977	204323
the effect of bacterial infections on ketone concentrations in rat liver and blood and on free fatty acid concentrations in rat blood.	the concentrations of cytoplasmic lactate and pyruvate and the nad+/nadh ratio and the concentrations of mitochondrial acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and the nad+/nadh ratio were determined in normal, fed, and fasted rats, and in rats infected with streptococcus pneumoniae, francisella tularensis, and salmonella typhimurium. the various infections were found to have little or no effect on the cytoplasmic parameters. in normal rats, fasting caused a marked increase in blood and hepatic keton ...	1976	181658
[sensitivity of various races of the tularemia microbe to erythromycin, oleandomycin and polymyxin].	sensitivity of 66 strains of the tularemia microbe to erythromycin, oleandomycin and polymyxin was studied. it was shown that all the strains were resistant to polymyxin. the strains of the non-artic and central asiatic races and 64 per cent of the strains of the holarctic race were resistant to erythromycin and oleandomycin.	1976	179462
[an experimental study of mixed tularemia and omsk hemorrhagic fever infection in muskrats].	musk-rats were infected simultaneously and at three-day interval with tularemia and omsk hemorrhagic fever (ohf); the course of this mixed infection under the mentioned conditions were studied. virological, microbiological and morphological data indicated that infection of musk-rats with ohf and tularemia caused development of mixed infection in them. a more severe course of mixed infection was associated with enhanced vascular affections caused by the action of the ohf virus. an inhibition of t ...	1975	175620
the human placental villitides: a review of chronic intrauterine infection.		1975	172296
[bactericidal effect of peracetic acid on francisella tularensis (author's transl)].		1979	156076
[study of f. tularensis susceptibility to erythromycin in vitro (author's transl)].		1978	151594
[geographical race typing of the causative agent of tularemia using antibiotics].	reaction of the strains of the tularemia causative agent to erythromycin (100 gamma/ml) or oleandomycin (400 gamma/ml) is one of the taxonomic tests. the study of 82 strains of the holarctic race and 63 strains of the central asiatic race according to this test showed that the strains of the holarctic race were divided with respect to these macrolides into sensitive (biotype i) and resistant (biotype ii). the strains of the both races were isolated at the territory of the kazakh ssr. such a reac ...	1978	151527
[sensitivity to the differential dose of erythromycin and oleandomycin of various holarctic strains of tularemia microbe isolated in the kazakh ssr].	the presence of strains of holarctic race of tuleremia microbe, both sensitive and resistant to the differential doses of erythromycine and oleandomycine was revealed at the territoryn of kazakh ssr. the existence of such strains does not permit to differentiate them into geographical races by the sensitivity to erythromycine and oleandomycine.	1978	150182
[exploration of natural foci of tularemia and plague in armenia using the serological examination of bird droppings and excrements of predatory mammals].	forty strains of tularemia and 619 of plague microbes were isolated in 1974 in bacteriological examination of natural plague and tularemia foci from a great number of small mammals and their ectoparasites. at the same time in serological examination (in the antibody neutralization test) of bird pellets, 52 mummified cadavers, and 34 excretion samples of mammalian beasts of prey collected in armenia (its central and north-western part) in 1973 the antigen of tularemia microbe was revealed in 73, ...	1978	149478
[effects of intradermally administered tularin sevac on the titre of slow agglutination reaction with the francisella tularensis antigen (author's transl)].		1975	130981
[discovery of tularemia epizootics by way of detecting the tularemia microbe antigen in the droppings of predatory birds].		1975	128957
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunological diagnosis of human tularemia.	the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was applied for immunological diagnosis of human tularemia, using lipopolysaccharide from francisella tularensis as antigen. sera collected from patients, healthy individuals, and vaccinated volunteers were investigated for antibodies against f. tularensis by elisa and tube agglutination. in elisa all sera were titrated with a polyspecific anti-immunoglobulin enzyme conjugate. a limited number of consecutive sera from individual patients were also in ...	1979	120873
human tularemia at an urban zoo.		1979	120758
tularemia in a group of nonhuman primates.	in an episode of tularemia in a canadian zoologic garden, three black and red tamarins (sanguinus nigricollis) and one talapoin (cercopithecus talapoin) died. a second talapoin developed abscesses in the tongue and submandibular area; this animal recovered with treatment. francisella tularensis was isolated from lung, liver, and spleen from each dead monkey and from pus collected from the tongue abscess of the sick talapoin. the attending veterinarian contracted the disease from a tamarin bite. ...	1979	118145
changes in whole blood and serum components of grivet monkeys with experimental respiratory francisella tularensis infection.	grivet monkeys infected with virulent francisella tularensis strain schu s4 showed significant early changes in serum levels of trace metals, triglycerides and activities of alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. free amino acid levels decreased slightly and there was a marked increase in the phenylalanine: tyrosine ratio. serum lysozyme activity and seromucoid levels also increased. kanamycin therapy produced remission of overt signs but the changes ...	1978	106870
[accelerated diagnostic cultivation of pathogenic environmental microbes. ii. accelerated diagnostic cultivation of the causative agents of anthropozoonotic plague, glamders, melioidosis, brucellosis and tularemia].		1978	106632
a serologic survey of mule deer and elk in utah.	sera from mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) and elk (cervus canadensis) in central and northern utah were tested for the prevalence of antibodies to 11 diseases communicable to man or domestic livestock. antibodies to francisella tularensis (at 1:20) were found in 47 of 88 (53.4%) elk and 1 of 89 (1.1%) deer. a screening slide agglutination test for titers to brucella (at 1:20) showed two reactors in elk but none in deer sera. no positive antibody titers were obtained in tests for anaplasmosis, co ...	1978	105153
[survival capacity of certain pathogens under environmental conditions].		1979	103703
activated lymphocytes trigger lymphoblast extravasation.		1978	96942
[effectiveness of the tularemia-antibody erythrocyte diagnostic agent for the detection of specific antigen and antibodies to it].	the authors demonstrated the efficacy of utilization of tularemia antibody erythrocytic diagnostic agent. data are presented indicating a strict specificity and a high sensitivity of this diagnostic agent for detection of the vi-antigen both in the tularemia microbe cultures and in the suspensions of the organs of rodents which perished of tularemia, irrespective of the state of cadaver. there was revealed relationship between the sensitivity of the diagnostic agent and the virulence of the tula ...	1978	78604
protein synthesis in zinc deficient rats during tularemia.	the effect of zinc deficiency on protein synthesis in rats during tularemia was studied. five weeks prior to infection with the live vaccine strain of francisella tularensis, rats had been assigned to one of three dietary groups: zinc deficient (-zn), pair-fed (pf) or ad libitum (al). within 4 weeks, zinc deficiency manifested itself by diminished growth rate, decreased serum and liver zinc concentrations and alopecia. by 18 hour post infection, rats of all groups were febrile and exhibited an i ...	1976	58980
induced metabolic sequelae of tularemia in the rat: correlation with tissue damage.	serum and liver zinc concentration, amino acid uptake by liver, seromucoid content, and alpha2-macrofetoprotein production were measured in vaccinated as well as nonimmune rats exposed to either virulent (schu s4) or attenuated (lvs) strains of francisella tularensi. it appears that liver damage (pyogranulomatous lesions) must occur before there is any alteration in the above variables. the presence of bacteria in the liver is not of itself sufficient to lead to the onset of systemic, induced me ...	1975	51592
differential effect of parenteral zinc on the course of various bacterial infections.		1977	22081
stability of fluorescent antibody conjugates stored under various conditions.	two experiments were carried out to determine the stability of fluorescent antibody conjugates. in experiment 1, francisella tularemia conjugates in the lyophilized state retained their original staining titer for 1,294 days when stored at 25, 4 to 5, and -20 c; at 37 c the conjugates were stable for at least 65 days. in the liquid state at ph 7.4 and 8.0 these conjugates were stable for 1,294 days at 4 to 5 and -20 c, whereas those stored at 25 c remained stable through days 473 and 160 of stor ...	1976	3516