Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| heterologous expression and characterization of the purified oxygenase component of rhodococcus globerulus p6 biphenyl dioxygenase and of chimeras derived from it. | in this work, we have purified the his-tagged oxygenase (ht-oxygenase) component of rhodococcus globerulus p6 biphenyl dioxygenase. the alpha or beta subunit of p6 oxygenase was exchanged with the corresponding subunit of pseudomonas sp. strain lb400 or of comamonas testosteroni b-356 to create new chimeras that were purified ht-proteins and designated ht-alpha(p6)beta(p6), ht-alpha(p6)beta(lb400), ht-alpha(p6)beta(b-356), ht-alpha(lb400)beta(p6), and ht-alpha(b-356)beta(p6). ht-alpha(p6)beta(p6 ... | 1999 | 10438748 |
| tertiary and quaternary structures of photoreactive fe-type nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. n-771: roles of hydration water molecules in stabilizing the structures and the structural origin of the substrate specificity of the enzyme. | the crystal structure analysis of the fe-type nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. n-771 revealed the unique structure of the enzyme composed of the alpha- and beta-subunits and the unprecedented structure of the non-heme iron active center [nagashima, s., et al. (1998) nat. struct. biol. 5, 347-351]. a number of hydration water molecules were identified both in the interior and at the exterior of the enzyme. the study presented here investigated the roles of the hydration water molecules in s ... | 1999 | 10433695 |
| effect of a mixed culture on co-oxidation during the degradation of saturated hydrocarbon mixture. | two bacterial strains, pseudomonas aeruginosa k1 and rhodococcus equi p1, were used to degrade cyclo-alkanes (such as decalin) by a co-oxidation mechanism. both strains possessed the capacity to degrade a broad range of n-alkane mixtures (c7 to c28) within 24 h of incubation. strain p1 rapidly degraded 10 gl-1 pristane within 24 h of incubation (mu = 0.36 h-1 and yx/s = 0.6). the addition of hexadecane as a growth substrate (above 0.5%, v/v) resulted in complete degradation of 1% (v/v) decalin b ... | 1999 | 10432589 |
| in vitro activities of polycationic peptides alone and in combination with clinically used antimicrobial agents against rhodococcus equi. | the in vitro activities of magainin ii, nisin, and ranalexin alone and in combination with other antimicrobial agents against six clinical isolates of rhodococcus equi were investigated by mic and time-kill studies. all isolates were more susceptible to nisin. a positive interaction was observed when the peptides were combined with ampicillin, ceftriaxone, rifabutin, rifampin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and vancomycin. | 1999 | 10428947 |
| bioconversion of pyrimidine by resting cells of quinoline-degrading bacteria. | nine quinoline-degrading bacterial strains were tested for their ability to hydroxylate pyrimidine. all strains converted pyrimidine to uracil via pyrimidine-4-one in a cometabolic process. quinoline 2-oxidoreductases (quinors) were the catalysts of fortuitous pyrimidine hydroxylation. whereas in most strains the activity of the quinor towards pyrimidine was very low compared to its activity towards quinoline, quinor in crude extracts from comamonas testosteroni 63 showed a specific activity of ... | 1999 | 10427712 |
| isolation and characterization of catechol 1,2-dioxygenases from rhodococcus rhodnii strain 135 and rhodococcus rhodochrous strain 89: comparison with analogous enzymes of the ordinary and modified ortho-cleavage pathways. | catechol 1,2-dioxygenases of the ordinary ortho-cleavage pathway have been isolated from strains rhodococcus rhodnii 135 and rhodococcus rhodochrous 89 grown on phenol as the sole source of carbon and energy. the activities of the catechol 1,2-dioxygenases with 3- and 4-methylpyrocatechols were 1.3-1.5 times higher than those with pyrocatechol. the rate of oxidation of 3-chloropyrocatechol catalyzed by both enzymes was 20% of the rate of oxidation of unsubstituted pyrocatechol. the enzymes are h ... | 1999 | 10424908 |
| characterization of antarctic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria capable of producing bioemulsifiers. | during screening for biosurfactant-producing, n-alkane-degrading marine bacteria, two heterotrophic bacterial strains were isolated from enriched mixed cultures, obtained from terra nova bay (ross sea, antarctica) by using aliphatic and artomatic hydrocarbons as the principal carbon source. these gram-positive, aerobic, cocci-shaped bacteria use a various number of organic compounds, including aliphatic hydrocarbons, volatile fatty acids, and biphenyl. during cultivation on n-alkanes as sole sou ... | 1999 | 10423744 |
| isolation and characterization of indene bioconversion genes from rhodococcus strain i24. | rhodococcus strain 124 is able to convert indene into indandiol via the actions of at least two dioxygenase systems and a putative monooxygenase system. we have identified a cosmid clone from 124 genomic dna that is able to confer the ability to convert indene to indandiol upon rhodococcus erythropolis sq1, a strain that normally can not convert or metabolize indene. hplc analysis reveals that the transformed sq1 strain produces cis-(1r,2s)-indandiol, suggesting that the cosmid clone encodes a n ... | 1999 | 10422226 |
| disseminated rhodococcus equi infection in two goats. | rhodococcus equi infection was diagnosed in two goats from the same herd. at necropsy, numerous caseating granulomas were disseminated throughout the liver, lungs, abdominal lymph nodes, medulla of right humerus, and the right fifth rib of goat no. 1, and the liver of goat no. 2. histopathologic examination confirmed the presence of multiple caseating granulomas in these organs. numerous gram-positive and giemsa-positive coccobacilli were identified within the cytoplasm of macrophages. aerobic b ... | 1999 | 10421101 |
| etiology, clinical features and outcome of splenic microabscesses in hiv-infected patients with prolonged fever. | a prospective study was conducted to determine the etiology, clinical features, and outcome in a series of 32 consecutively enrolled hiv-infected patients with prolonged fever in whom high resolution (7.5 mhz) sonography revealed multiple splenic microabscesses. conventional (3.5 mhz) sonography showed no splenic abnormalities in any patients. the diagnoses were: tuberculosis (14), visceral leishmaniasis (7), disseminated mycobacterium avium complex infection (5), salmonella spp. bacteremia (2), ... | 1999 | 10421038 |
| the smcl gene of listeria ivanovii encodes a sphingomyelinase c that mediates bacterial escape from the phagocytic vacuole. | the ruminant pathogen listeria ivanovii differs from listeria monocytogenes in that it causes strong, bizonal haemolysis and a characteristic shovel-shaped co-operative haemolytic ('camp-like') reaction with rhodococcus equi. we cloned the gene responsible for the differential haemolytic properties of l. ivanovii, smcl. it encodes a sphingomyelinase c (smase) highly similar (> 50% identity) to the smases from staphylococcus aureus (beta-toxin), bacillus cereus and leptospira interrogans. smcl wa ... | 1999 | 10417642 |
| a comparison between toxicity tests using single species and a microbial process. | in this study the sensitivity of the acetate mineralization process performed by five strains of microorganisms in soil for the toxicants zn2+ or pcp was calculated from the sensitivity of the contributing species. the species used were a fungus (aspergillus niger cbs 121.49), an actinomycete (streptomyces lividans 66), two gram-negative pseudomonas putida strains (mt-2 and dsm 50026) and a gram-positive strain rhodococcus erythropolis a177. for zinc the ec10 of the process performed by the five ... | 1999 | 10390842 |
| physiological adaptations involved in alkane assimilation at a low temperature by rhodococcus sp. strain q15. | we examined physiological adaptations which allow the psychrotroph rhodococcus sp. strain q15 to assimilate alkanes at a low temperature (alkanes are contaminants which are generally insoluble and/or solid at low temperatures). during growth at 5 degrees c on hexadecane or diesel fuel, strain q15 produced a cell surface-associated biosurfactant(s) and, compared to glucose-acetate-grown cells, exhibited increased cell surface hydrophobicity. a transmission electron microscopy examination of strai ... | 1999 | 10388690 |
| biodesulfurization. | microbial sulfur-specific transformations have been identified that selectively desulfurize organic sulfur compounds in fossil fuels. recent discoveries related to biodesulfurization mechanisms may lead to commercial applications of biodesulfurization through engineering recombinant strains for over-expression of biodesulfurization genes, removal of end product repression, and/or by combining relevant industrial and environmental traits with improvements in bioprocess design. | 1999 | 10383871 |
| effect of gamma radiation on native endolithic microorganisms from a radioactive waste deposit site. | a time-course experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of gamma radiation on the indigenous microbiota present in rock obtained from yucca mountain, nevada test site. microcosms were constructed by placing pulverized yucca mountain rock in polystyrene cylinders. continuous exposure (96 h) at a dose rate of 1.63 gy/min was used to mimic the near-field environment surrounding waste canisters. the expected maximum surface dose rate from one unbreached canister designed to contain spent nucl ... | 1999 | 10381842 |
| the glu residue in the conserved asn-glu-pro sequence of endoglycoceramidase is essential for enzymatic activity. | endoglycoceramidase (egcase) is an enzyme capable of cleaving the glycosidic linkage between oligosaccharides and ceramides of various glycosphingolipids. we previously cloned the gene encoding egcase ii of rhodococcus sp. m-777 and reported that the deduced amino acid sequence contained the asn-glu-pro (nep) sequence, conserved as part of the active site of family a cellulases (endo-1,4-beta-glucanases) (j. biol. chem. 272, 19846, 1997). the nep sequence was also found in the deduced amino acid ... | 1999 | 10381348 |
| role of the 85-kilobase plasmid and plasmid-encoded virulence-associated protein a in intracellular survival and virulence of rhodococcus equi. | rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular pathogen of macrophages and a cause of pneumonia in young horses (foals) and immunocompromised people. isolates of r. equi from pneumonic foals typically contain large, 85- or 90-kb plasmids encoding a highly immunogenic virulence-associated protein (vapa). the objective of this study was to determine the role of the 85-kb plasmid and vapa in the intracellular survival and virulence of r. equi. clinical isolates containing the plasmid and expressin ... | 1999 | 10377138 |
| linear alkanesulfonates as carbon and energy sources for gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | several bacteria from soil and rainwater samples were enriched and isolated with propanesulfonate or butanesulfonate as sole carbon and energy source. most of the strains isolated utilized nonsubstituted alkanesulfonates with a chain length of c3-c6 and the substituted sulfonates taurine and isethionate as carbon and energy source. a gram-positive isolate, p40, and a gram-negative isolate, p53, were characterized in more detail. phylogenetic analysis grouped strain p40 within group iv of the gen ... | 1999 | 10369899 |
| peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations and immunoglobulin concentrations in healthy foals and foals with rhodococcus equi pneumonia. | infectious diseases are common in foals aged 1-5 months. the objectives of this investigation were to evaluate immunologic parameters in foals from birth to weaning to establish reference values for the proportion of circulating lymphocytes that were helper (cd4+) or cytotoxic (cd8+) t cells, or b cells; to measure serum immunoglobulin (igm and igg) concentrations; and to compare these immunologic parameters to values in foals with naturally occurring rhodococcus equi pneumonia and in adult hors ... | 1999 | 10357110 |
| an enzyme controlled by light: the molecular mechanism of photoreactivity in nitrile hydratase. | extensive studies have revealed the molecular mechanism of the photoreactivity of nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. n-771. in the inactive enzyme, nitric oxide is bound to the non-heme ferric iron at the catalytic center, stabilized by a claw-like structure formed by two post-translationally modified cysteines and a serine. the inactive nitrile hydratase is activated by the photoinduced release of the nitric oxide. this result might provide a means of designing novel photoreactive chemical ... | 1999 | 10354562 |
| actinomycetes in karstic caves of northern spain (altamira and tito bustillo). | a variety of isolation procedures were carried out to study the involvement of bacteria in the colonisation and biodeterioration of spanish caves with paleolithic rock art (altamira and tito bustillo). the applied techniques mainly aimed to isolate heterotrophic bacteria such as streptomycetes, nocardioform and coryneform actinomycetes, and other gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. the results demonstrated that actinomycetes were the most abundant gram-positive bacteria in the caves. actin ... | 1999 | 10353805 |
| transcriptional analysis of the nitrile-degrading operon from rhodococcus sp. acv2 and high level production of recombinant amidase with an escherichia coli-t7 expression system. | northern blotting analysis with rna probes derived from amidase and nitrile hydratase genes from rhodococcus sp. acv2 revealed that both genes are part of the same operon. rnase protection mapping and sequence analysis indicated that the operon is probably under the control of a sigma 70-like promoter located upstream from the amidase gene. plasmids were constructed with the cloned genes under tac and lac promoter control. expression of amda was demonstrated in escherichia coli. in another const ... | 1999 | 10347869 |
| infection by rhodococcus equi in a patient with aids: histological appearance mimicking whipple's disease and mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection. | rhodococcus equi pneumonia with systemic dissemination is being reported increasingly in immunocompromised patients. this is the first case report of disseminated r equi infection with biopsy documented involvement of the large intestine. the patient was a 46 year old male with aids who was diagnosed with cavitating pneumonia involving the left lower lobe. r equi was isolated in culture from the blood and lung biopsies. subsequently, the patient developed anaemia, diarrhoea, and occult blood in ... | 1999 | 10343616 |
| live virulent rhodococcus equi, rather than killed or avirulent, elicits protective immunity to r. equi infection in mice. | mice inoculated intravenously with a sublethal dose of live virulent rhodococcus equi atcc 33701 that contained an 85-kb virulence plasmid were immune to a lethal intravenous challenge of atcc 33701. this immunity depended upon the dose of immunization and developed rapidly: mice primed with 10(5) live atcc 33701 eliminated the challenged bacteria more rapidly than mice primed with doses ranging from 10(2) to 10(4) bacteria, and mice given 10(5) live atcc 33701 intravenously withstood the lethal ... | 1999 | 10340706 |
| 19f nmr study on the biodegradation of fluorophenols by various rhodococcus species. | of all nmr observable isotopes 19f is the one perhaps most convenient for studies on biodegradation of environmental pollutants. the reasons underlying this potential of 19f nmr are discussed and illustrated on the basis of a study on the biodegradation of fluorophenols by four rhodococcus strains. the results indicate marked differences between the biodegradation pathways of fluorophenols among the various rhodococcus species. this holds not only for the level and nature of the fluorinated biod ... | 1998 | 10335585 |
| production of cholesterol oxidase by rhodococcus equi no. 23 in a jar fermenter. | rhodococcus equi no. 23 was grown in a batch fermenter. the effects of cultivation temperature, ph of the culture medium, aeration rate and agitation speed on the production of cholesterol oxidase (cholox) by the test organism were examined. results revealed that the cultivation temperature, the ph of the medium, the aeration rate and the agitation speed all affected the production of cholox by r. equi no. 23. adjusting the operation variables during the cultivation period increased the producti ... | 1999 | 10334951 |
| distribution of a nocardia brasiliensis catalase gene fragment in members of the genera nocardia, gordona, and rhodococcus. | an immunodominant protein from nocardia brasiliensis, p61, was subjected to amino-terminal and internal sequence analysis. three sequences of 22, 17, and 38 residues, respectively, were obtained and compared with the protein database from genbank by using the blast system. the sequences showed homology to some eukaryotic catalases and to a bromoperoxidase-catalase from streptomyces violaceus. its identity as a catalase was confirmed by analysis of its enzymatic activity on h2o2 and by a double-s ... | 1999 | 10325357 |
| tumour necrosis factor and interferon-gamma are required in host resistance against virulent rhodococcus equi infection in mice: cytokine production depends on the virulence levels of r. equi. | rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes pneumonia in foals and immunosuppressed humans. there are at least three virulence levels of r. equi and these pathogenicities are associated, in mice, with the presence of virulence plasmids. this study focused on cytokine secretion, in mice, in the course of a primary infection with sublethal doses of r. equi strains of different virulence levels (virulent, intermediately virulent and avirulent). tumour necrosis fac ... | 1999 | 10233686 |
| movement disorders in encephalitis induced by rhodococcus aurantiacus infection relieved by the administration of l-dopa and anti-t-cell antibodies. | mice injected with rhodococcus aurantiacus by the intravenous (i.v.) route show neurological disorders, hemiparesis, vertical headshake and turn-round gait after day 7 postinfection (p.i.). neurological symptoms caused by i.v. inoculation of r. aurantiacus were relieved by treatment with levodopa (l-dopa). r. aurantiacus was isolated from the brain and was found to be completely eliminated at day 7 p. i. focal encephalitis was mainly observed in the brain stem, and t cells could be isolated from ... | 1999 | 10233672 |
| comparison of the fuel oil biodegradation potential of hydrocarbon-assimilating microorganisms isolated from a temperate agricultural soil. | strains of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) were isolated from an agricultural soil in france. in a field, a portion was treated with oily cuttings resulting from the drilling of an onshore well. the cuttings which were spread at the rate of 600 g hc m-2 contained 10% of fuel oil hydrocarbons (hc). another part of the field was left untreated. three months after hc spreading, hc adapted bacteria and fungi were isolated at different soil depths in the two plots and identi ... | 1999 | 10231986 |
| isolation and primary characterization of an amidase from rhodococcus rhodochrous. | amidase (ec 3.5.1.4) was purified to homogeneity from rhodococcus rhodochrous m8 using isopropanol fractionation and exchange chromatography on mono q. the isolated amidase consists of four identical subunits with molecular weight 42+/-2 kd. the activity of the enzyme is maximal at 55-60 degrees c and within the ph range 5-8. the amidase from r. rhodochrous m8 is highly sensitive to such sulfhydryl reagents as hg2+ and cu2+. chelators (edta and o-phenanthroline) and serine proteinase inhibitors ... | 1999 | 10231590 |
| haloalkane dehalogenases: steady-state kinetics and halide inhibition. | the substrate specificities and product inhibition patterns of haloalkane dehalogenases from xanthobacter autotrophicus gj10 (xadhl) and rhodococcus rhodochrous (rrdhl) have been compared using a ph-indicator dye assay. in contrast to xadhl, rrdhl is efficient toward secondary alkyl halides. using steady-state kinetics, we have shown that halides are uncompetitive inhibitors of xadhl with 1, 2-dichloroethane as the varied substrate at ph 8.2 (cl-, kii = 19 +/- 0.91; br-, kii = 2.5 +/- 0.19 mm; i ... | 1999 | 10231528 |
| rhodococcus erythropolis dcl14 contains a novel degradation pathway for limonene. | strain dcl14, which is able to grow on limonene as a sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated from a freshwater sediment sample. this organism was identified as a strain of rhodococcus erythropolis by chemotaxonomic and genetic studies. r. erythropolis dcl14 also assimilated the terpenes limonene-1,2-epoxide, limonene-1,2-diol, carveol, carvone, and (-)-menthol, while perillyl alcohol was not utilized as a carbon and energy source. induction tests with cells grown on limonene revealed that ... | 1999 | 10224006 |
| detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation genes in different soil bacteria by polymerase chain reaction and dna hybridization. | twenty different strains of pseudomonas, mycobacterium, gordona, sphingomonas, rhodococcus and xanthomonas which degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) were characterized in respect to genes encoding degradation enzymes for pah. genomic dna from these strains was hybridized with a fragment of ndob, coding for the large iron sulfur protein (isp alpha) of the naphthalene dioxygenase from pseudomonas putida paw736 (ncib 9816). a group of seven naphthalene-degrading pseudomonas strains showe ... | 1999 | 10220903 |
| [cavitated pulmonary lesions in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection]. | 1999 | 10217851 | |
| evidence for an inducible nucleotide-dependent acetone carboxylase in rhodococcus rhodochrous b276. | the metabolism of acetone was investigated in the actinomycete rhodococcus rhodochrous (formerly nocardia corallina) b276. suspensions of acetone- and isopropanol-grown r. rhodochrous readily metabolized acetone. in contrast, r. rhodochrous cells cultured with glucose as the carbon source lacked the ability to metabolize acetone at the onset of the assay but gained the ability to do so in a time-dependent fashion. chloramphenicol and rifampin prevented the time-dependent increase in this activit ... | 1999 | 10217764 |
| characterization of is2112, a new insertion sequence from rhodococcus, and its relationship with mobile elements belonging to the is110 family. | a new insertion sequence (is2112) was identified in the genome of the 1-haloalkane-utilizing bacterium rhodococcus rhodochrous ncimb 13064. the insertion element is 1415 bp long, does not contain terminal inverted repeats, and is not flanked by directly repeated sequences. is2112 belongs to the is110 family of transposable elements, and forms a separate subfamily, along with is116. two copies of is2112 were found in r. rhodochrous ncimb 13064 and one, two or three copies of a similar sequence we ... | 1999 | 10217489 |
| dust-borne bacteria in animal sheds, schools and children's day care centres. | a total of 316 bacterial strains, including psychrophiles, mesophiles and thermophiles, were isolated and identified from indoor dusts in schools, children's day care centres and animal sheds. several species which had not previously been reported from indoor environments were found: sphingomonas, brevibacterium, nocardiopsis, deinococcus and rhodococcus/gordona. a new psychrophilic actinomycete genus was also found in animal sheds, representing a new undescribed peptidoglycan type and an unusua ... | 1999 | 10212408 |
| comparison of microbiologic and high-performance liquid chromatography assays to determine plasma concentrations, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability of erythromycin base in plasma of foals after intravenous or intragastric administration. | to determine pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of erythromycin base after intragastric administration and erythromycin lactobionate after iv administration to healthy foals and to compare a microbiologic assay with a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method to determine plasma concentrations of erythromycin a. | 1999 | 10211682 |
| selective transport of divalent cations by transition metal permeases: the alcaligenes eutrophus hoxn and the rhodococcus rhodochrous nhlf. | nhlf and hoxn, the genes encoding a cobalt transporter of rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 and a nickel permease of alcaligenes eutrophus h16, respectively, were expressed in escherichia coli. 57co2+ and 63ni2+ transport of the recombinants was examined by means of a previously described physiological assay. although the transporters are highly similar, different preferences for divalent transition metal cations were observed. hoxn was unable to transport 57co2+, but mediated 63ni2+ uptake. the latter ... | 1999 | 10201093 |
| diversity of bacterial strains degrading hexadecane in relation to the mode of substrate uptake. | the relative distribution of the modes of hydrocarbon uptake, used by bacteria of the environment for the degradation of long-chain alkanes, has been evaluated. the first mode of uptake, direct interfacial accession, involves contact of cells with hydrocarbon droplets. in the second mode, biosurfactant-mediated transfer, cell contact takes place with hydrocarbons emulsified or solubilized by biosurfactants. sixty-one strains growing on hexadecane were isolated from polluted and non-polluted soil ... | 1999 | 10196747 |
| influence of selected physical parameters on the biodegradation of acrylamide by immobilized cells of rhodococcus sp. | the influences of concentration of acrylamide, ph, temperature, duration of storage of encapsulated cells and presence of different metals and chelators on the ability of immobilized cells of a rhodococcus sp. to degrade acrylamide were evaluated. immobilized cells (3 g) rapidly degraded 64 and 128 mm acrylamide in 3 and 5 h, respectively, whereas free cells took more than 24 h to degrade 64 mm acrylamide. an acrylamide concentration of 128 mm inhibited the growth of the free cells. immobilized ... | 1998 | 10192898 |
| influence of age and plasma treatment on neutrophil phagocytosis and cd18 expression in foals. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of age and plasma treatment on neutrophil phagocytosis, cd18 expression and serum opsonic capacity in foals in field settings. microbial infections constitute a large threat in young foals and neutrophil functions are crucial for the defense. blood samples were obtained from 13 foals at seven time points between the ages of 2 and 56 days and once from 16 adult horses. six of the foals were treated with adult plasma at the age of 1 week. neutrop ... | 1999 | 10189199 |
| effects of surfactant mixtures, including corexit 9527, on bacterial oxidation of acetate and alkanes in crude oil. | mixtures of nonionic and anionic surfactants, including corexit 9527, were tested to determine their effects on bacterial oxidation of acetate and alkanes in crude oil by cells pregrown on these substrates. corexit 9527 inhibited oxidation of the alkanes in crude oil by acinetobacter calcoaceticus atcc 31012, while span 80, a corexit 9527 constituent, markedly increased the oil oxidation rate. another corexit 9527 constituent, the negatively charged dioctyl sulfosuccinate (aot), strongly reduced ... | 1999 | 10103264 |
| the alkene monooxygenase from xanthobacter strain py2 is closely related to aromatic monooxygenases and catalyzes aromatic monohydroxylation of benzene, toluene, and phenol. | the genes encoding the six polypeptide components of the alkene monooxygenase from xanthobacter strain py2 (xamo) have been located on a 4.9-kb fragment of chromosomal dna previously cloned in cosmid pny2. sequencing and analysis of the predicted amino acid sequences indicate that the components of xamo are homologous to those of the aromatic monooxygenases, toluene 2-, 3-, and 4-monooxygenase and benzene monooxygenase, and that the gene order is identical. the genes and predicted polypeptides a ... | 1999 | 10103255 |
| cobalt proteins. | in the form of vitamin b12, cobalt plays a number of crucial roles in many biological functions. however, recent studies have provided information on the biochemistry and bioinorganic chemistry of several proteins containing cobalt in a form other than that in the corrin ring of vitamin b12. to date, eight noncorrin-cobalt-containing enzymes (methionine aminopeptidase, prolidase, nitrile hydratase, glucose isomerase, methylmalonyl-coa carboxytransferase, aldehyde decarbonylase, lysine-2,3-aminom ... | 1999 | 10103026 |
| development of an automated microbial sensor system. | an automated whole cell biosensor system was developed by integration of immobilized microbial cells in a flow-through system with screen-printed flow-through electrodes as detectors. the detectors used were thick-film pt-electrodes in a 3-electrode configuration constructed as sandwich flow-through cells with a volume of about 36 microliters polarized at -900 mv. the measuring principle was the determination of oxygen consumption due to the microbial metabolism. fructose was used as model analy ... | 1999 | 10101840 |
| functional expression of nitrile hydratase in escherichia coli: requirement of a nitrile hydratase activator and post-translational modification of a ligand cysteine. | the nitrile hydratase (nhase) from rhodococcus sp. n-771 is a photoreactive enzyme that is inactivated on nitrosylation of the non-heme iron center and activated on photo-dissociation of nitric oxide (no). the nitrile hydratase operon consists of six genes encoding nhase regulator 2, nhase regulator 1, amidase, nhase alpha subunit, nhase beta subunit and nhase activator. we overproduced the nhase in escherichia coli using a t7 expression system. the nhase was functionally expressed in e. coli on ... | 1999 | 10101282 |
| temperature effects and substrate interactions during the aerobic biotransformation of btex mixtures by toluene-enriched consortia and rhodococcus rhodochrous. | a microbial consortium derived from a gasoline-contaminated aquifer was enriched on toluene (t) in a chemostat at 20 degrees c and was found to degrade benzene (b), ethylbenzene (e), and xylenes (x). studies conducted to determine the optimal temperature for microbial activity revealed that cell growth and toluene degradation were maximized at 35 degrees c. a consortium enriched at 35 degrees c exhibited increased degradation rates of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes in single-substra ... | 1999 | 10099561 |
| granuloma formation and in vitro macrophage activation in mice by mycoloyl glycolipids from nocardia asteroides and related taxa. | cord factor (trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate: tdm) is a well-known toxic glycolipid in mycobacterium tuberculosis. we isolated various mycoloyl glycolipids from nocardia asteroides 23,167 and related species which are closely related taxonomically to mycobacterium. since nocardia is also an opportunistic pathogen co-infected with hiv, we examined in vivo granuloma formation and the in vitro macrophage activation in mice. we found that cord factor (tdm) and glucose monomycolate (gm) from nocardia aster ... | 1998 | 10097600 |
| heterologous expression of alkene monooxygenase from rhodococcus rhodochrous b-276. | alkene monooxygenase (amo) from rhodococcus rhodochrous (formerly nocardia corallina) b-276 is a three-component enzyme system encoded by the four-gene operon amoabcd. amo catalyses the stereoselective epoxygenation of aliphatic alkenes, yielding primarily r enantiomers. the presumed site of alkene oxygenation is a dinuclear iron centre similar to that in the soluble methane monooxygenases of methanotrophic bacteria, to which amo exhibits a significant degree of amino acid sequence identity. the ... | 1999 | 10095780 |
| purification of a glutathione s-transferase and a glutathione conjugate-specific dehydrogenase involved in isoprene metabolism in rhodococcus sp. strain ad45. | a glutathione s-transferase (gst) with activity toward 1, 2-epoxy-2-methyl-3-butene (isoprene monoxide) and cis-1, 2-dichloroepoxyethane was purified from the isoprene-utilizing bacterium rhodococcus sp. strain ad45. the homodimeric enzyme (two subunits of 27 kda each) catalyzed the glutathione (gsh)-dependent ring opening of various epoxides. at 5 mm gsh, the enzyme followed michaelis-menten kinetics for isoprene monoxide and cis-1, 2-dichloroepoxyethane, with vmax values of 66 and 2.4 micromol ... | 1999 | 10094686 |
| degradation of 1,2-dibromoethane by mycobacterium sp. strain gp1. | the newly isolated bacterial strain gp1 can utilize 1, 2-dibromoethane as the sole carbon and energy source. on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, the organism was identified as a member of the subgroup which contains the fast-growing mycobacteria. the first step in 1,2-dibromoethane metabolism is catalyzed by a hydrolytic haloalkane dehalogenase. the resulting 2-bromoethanol is rapidly converted to ethylene oxide by a haloalcohol dehalogenase, in this way preventing the accumulation ... | 1999 | 10094681 |
| pulmonary malacoplakia associated with rhodococcus equi infection in a patient with aids. | an aids patient with a cavitary lung lesion was found to have pulmonary malacoplakia associated with rhodococcus equi infection. the diagnosis was based on the typical histologic features of transbronchial biopsy and a positive bacterial culture. all 13 reported cases of aids patients with pulmonary malacoplakia were associated with r equi. the recognition of this unique entity is important because of its responsiveness to therapy. | 1999 | 10084511 |
| hydrazide synthesis: novel substrate specificity of amidase. | the amidase from rhodococcus rhodochrous j1, which hydrolyses amide to acid and ammonia, was found to catalyze the synthesis of hydrazide using hydrazine as a substrate. this is the first report on the hydrazide synthesis through enzymatic reactions. the enzyme also acted on benzoic acid in the presence of hydrazine, yielding benzoic hydrazide. together with the finding that benzoic hydrazide was converted into benzoic acid (when it was used as a substrate in the absence of hydrazine), these uni ... | 1999 | 10079199 |
| analysis of the structural diversity of mycolic acids of rhodococcus and gordonia [correction of gordonla] isolates from activated sludge foams by selective ion monitoring gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (sim gc-ms) | a method using selective ion monitoring (sim) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is described for analysis of mycolic acids which reveals a hitherto unrecognised chemical structural diversity among these in some members of the mycolata. the structural interpretation of mass spectral data of mycolic acids from rhodococcus spp and gordonia [corrected] spp using sim is discussed. | 1999 | 10076631 |
| molecular characterisation of a rhodococcus ohp operon. | the ohp operon of rhodococcus strain v49 consists of five genes, ohpr, ohpa, ohpb, ohpc and ohpd which encode putative regulator and transport proteins and confirmed monooxygenase, hydroxymuconic semialdehyde hydrolase and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase enzymes, respectively. these enzymes catalyse the conversion of 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid to the corresponding linear product via a meta-cleavage pathway. confirmation that the ohp gene cluster formed an operon was provided by gene disruption d ... | 1998 | 10068799 |
| structural alteration of linear plasmids encoding the genes for polychlorinated biphenyl degradation in rhodococcus strain rha1. | polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) tolerant derivatives of a strong pcb degrader, rhodococcus strain rha1, were selected after growth in the presence of 100 micrograms/ml pcbs. some of the derivatives did not grow on biphenyl but accumulated a yellow coloured metabolite suggesting a defect in the meta-ring-cleavage compound hydrolase step encoded by the bphd gene. other derivatives failed to grow on biphenyl and exhibited little pcb transformation activity suggesting a defect in the initial ring-hyd ... | 1998 | 10068798 |
| cloning of genes that have environmental and clinical importance from rhodococci and related bacteria. | generalised and specialised transduction systems were developed for rhodococcus by means of bacteriophage q4. the latter was used in conjunction with dna from an unstable genetic element of r. rhodochrous to construct resistance plasmids which replicate in strains of r. equi, r. erythropolis and r. rhodochrous. one of the plasmids, pda21, was joined with erythropolis coli suicide vector pecor251 to obtain shuttle plasmids maintained in both rhodococci and e. coli. conjugation between these rhodo ... | 1998 | 10068797 |
| applied aspects of rhodococcus genetics. | eubacteria of the genus rhodococcus are a diverse group of microorganisms commonly found in many environmental niches from soils to seawaters and as plant and animal pathogens. they exhibit a remarkable ability to degrade many organic compounds and their economic importance is becoming increasingly apparent. although their genetic organisation is still far from understood, there have been many advances in recent years. reviewed here is the current knowledge of rhodococci relating to gene transfe ... | 1998 | 10068796 |
| desulphurisation of benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene by actinomycete organisms belonging to the genus rhodococcus, and related taxa. | desulphurising enzymes remove the sulphur moiety from an organosulphur molecule leaving the carbon skeleton intact. two kinds of desulphurisation reaction are recognised. the dibenzothiophene (dbt)-specific pathway desulphurises dbt to inorganic sulphite and 2-hydroxybiphenyl (hbp), and the benzothiophene (bth)-specific pathway desulphurises bth to 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)ethan 1-al (hpeal) and probably inorganic sulphite. the dbt-desulphurisation pathway was originally identified in rhodococcus ery ... | 1998 | 10068795 |
| application of whole cell rhodococcal biocatalysts in acrylic polymer manufacture. | rhodococci are ubiquitous in nature and their ability to metabolise a wide range of chemicals, many of which are toxic, has given rise to an increasing number of studies into their diverse use as biocatalysts. indeed rhodococci have been shown to be especially good at degrading aromatic and aliphatic nitriles and amides and thus they are very useful for waste clean up where these toxic chemicals are present. the use of biocatalysts in the chemical industry has in the main been for the manufactur ... | 1998 | 10068794 |
| enantioselective biotransformations using rhodococci. | the use of enzymes and whole cells in enantioselective biotransformation reactions is briefly reviewed. a rhodococcus strain is shown to possess nitrile hydratase and amidase activity. the organism can be used for the enantioselective biotransformation of racemic alpha-amino amides to (s) alpha-amino acids with an enantiomeric excess (ee) of > 98%. enantioselectivity is effectively time independent allowing easy quantitative conversion of racemic mixtures into enantiomerically pure alpha-amino a ... | 1998 | 10068793 |
| biotransformation of nitriles by rhodococci. | rhodococci have been shown to be capable of a very wide range of biotransformations. of these, the conversion of nitriles into amides or carboxylic acids has been studied in great detail because of the biotechnological potential of such activities. initial investigations used relatively simple aliphatic nitriles. these studies were quickly followed by the examination of the regio- and stereoselective properties of the enzymes involved, which has revealed the potential synthetic utility of rhodoc ... | 1998 | 10068792 |
| a self-compartmentalizing protease in rhodococcus: the 20s proteasome. | the 26s proteasome represents a major, energy-dependent and self-compartmentalizing protease system in eukaryotes. the proteolytic core of this complex, the 20s proteasome, is also ubiquitous in archaea. although absent from most eubacteria, this multi-subunit protease was recently discovered in rhodococcus and appears to be confined to actinomycetes. the eubacterial 20s proteasome represents an attractive complementary system to study proteasome assembly, quaternary structure, and catalytic mec ... | 1998 | 10068791 |
| the putative regulator of catechol catabolism in rhodococcus opacus 1cp--an iclr-type, not a lysr-type transcriptional regulator. | the catechol catabolic genes catabc from rhodococcus opacus 1cp have previously been characterized by sequence analysis of the insert cloned on plasmid prer1. now, a 5.1-kb dna fragment which overlaps with the insert of prer1 was cloned, yielding prer2, and subjected to sequencing. besides three other open reading frames, a gene was detected ca 200 bp upstream of the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase gene cata, which is obviously transcribed divergently from catabc. the protein which can be deduced from ... | 1998 | 10068790 |
| surface-active lipids in rhodococci. | like other hydrocarbon-oxidising bacteria, rhodococci respond to the presence of alkanes by producing biosurfactant molecules to improve their ability to utilise these hydrophobic compounds as growth substrates. in the rhodococci these surfactants are predominantly glycolipids, the majority of which remain cell-bound during unrestricted growth. most work has been done on the trehalose mycolates formed by rhodococcus erythropolis, but nitrogen-limited conditions lead to the production of anionic ... | 1998 | 10068789 |
| cell envelope composition and organisation in the genus rhodococcus. | a knowledge of the organisation of the rhodococcal cell envelope is of fundamental importance if the environmental and biotechnological significance of these bacteria are to be understood and successfully exploited. the genus rhodococcus belongs to a distinctive suprageneric taxon, the mycolata, which includes among others the genera corynebacterium, mycobacterium and nocardia. members of this taxon exhibit an unusual complexity in their cell envelope composition and organisation compared to oth ... | 1998 | 10068788 |
| in situ detection of rhodococci associated with activated sludge foams. | genus-specific 16s rrna targeted oligonucleotide probes, rco1 and rco2, were designed and used to detect rhodococci in activated sludge foam samples by confocal laser scanning microscopy. pure cultures were used to find the optimal hybridisation conditions which were determined by comparing the mean fluorescent intensities of target and non-target cells from images captured using a confocal laser scanning microscope (clsm). the combination of fluorescent in situ hybridisation with rrna-targeted ... | 1998 | 10068787 |
| novel rhodococci and other mycolate actinomycetes from the deep sea. | a large number of mycolate actinomycetes have been recovered from deep-sea sediments in the nw pacific ocean using selective isolation methods. the isolates were putatively assigned to the genus rhodococcus on the basis of colony characteristics and mycolic acid profiles. the diversity among these isolates and their relationship to type strains of rhodococcus and other mycolate taxa were assessed by curie point pyrolysis mass spectrometry (pyms). three major (a, c, d) and two minor (b, e) groups ... | 1998 | 10068786 |
| diversity of isolates of rhodococcus equi from australian thoroughbred horse farms. | pulsed field gel electrophoresis of restriction endonuclease digested genomic dna from a collection of clinical isolates of rhodococcus equi was used to compare strain diversity on different thoroughbred horse farms over time. restricted diversity was found among the isolates tested, as the same strains were detected on multiple farms and in multiple years. marked variation occurred in strain prevalence with some strains being represented by single isolates, and the most prevalent by 26 isolates ... | 1998 | 10068785 |
| rhodococcal systematics: problems and developments. | various approaches that have been used in the development of a system of classification for the genus rhodococcus are discussed. the application of chemotaxonomic, molecular systematic and numerical phenetic methods have greatly contributed to improvements in the systematics of rhodococci and related mycolic-acid containing actinomycetes. the genus currently encompasses twelve validly described species but improved diagnostic methods are needed to distinguish between them. in addition, evidence ... | 1998 | 10068784 |
| microbial desulfurization of organic sulfur compounds in petroleum. | sulfur removal from petroleum is important from the standpoint of the global environment because the combustion of sulfur compounds leads to the production of sulfur oxides, which are the source of acid rain. as the regulations for sulfur in fuels become more stringent, the existing chemical desulfurizations are coming inadequate for the "deeper desulfurization" to produce lower-sulfur fuels without new and innovative processes. biodesulfurization is rising as one of the candidates. several micr ... | 1999 | 10052116 |
| degradation of chloronitrobenzenes by a coculture of pseudomonas putida and a rhodococcus sp. | a single microorganism able to mineralize chloronitrobenzenes (cnbs) has not been reported, and degradation of cnbs by coculture of two microbial strains was attempted. pseudomonas putida hs12 was first isolated by analogue enrichment culture using nitrobenzene (nb) as the substrate, and this strain was observed to possess a partial reductive pathway for the degradation of nb. from high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and 1h nuclear magnetic resonance analyses, nb-grown cells ... | 1999 | 10049867 |
| late events in the assembly of 20s proteasomes. | electron microscopy and stem mass measurements have been used to characterize late intermediates in the assembly pathway of wildtype and mutant rhodococcus proteasomes. a proteolytically inactive and processing-incompetent mutant, betak33a, allowed a short-lived late intermediate of the pathway to be captured, the preholoproteasome. in this fully assembled 20s complex the 14 propeptides with an aggregate mass of 100 kda fill the whole central cavity and most of the two antechambers. it is furthe ... | 1998 | 10049805 |
| isolation of a gene encoding a glycosylated cytokinin oxidase from maize. | the major cytokinin oxidase in immature maize kernels was purified to homogeneity. selected tryptic peptides were used to design degenerate oligonucleotide primers for pcr isolation of a fragment of the oxidase gene. hybridization of the pcr fragment to a maize genomic library allowed isolation of a full-length cytokinin oxidase gene (ckx1). the gene encodes a protein of approximately 57 kda that possesses a signal peptide, eight consensus n-glycosylation sequences and a consensus fad binding se ... | 1999 | 10049708 |
| phenylalanine dehydrogenase from rhodococcus sp. m4: high-resolution x-ray analyses of inhibitory ternary complexes reveal key features in the oxidative deamination mechanism. | the molecular structures of recombinant l-phenylalanine dehydrogenase from rhodococcus sp. m4 in two different inhibitory ternary complexes have been determined by x-ray crystallographic analyses to high resolution. both structures show that l-phenylalanine dehydrogenase is a homodimeric enzyme with each monomer composed of distinct globular n- and c-terminal domains separated by a deep cleft containing the active site. the n-terminal domain binds the amino acid substrate and contributes to the ... | 1999 | 10029526 |
| stereoselectivities of microbial epoxide hydrolases. | epoxide hydrolases from bacterial and fungal sources are highly versatile biocatalysts for the asymmetric hydrolysis of epoxides on a preparative scale. besides kinetic resolution, which yields the corresponding enantiomerically enriched vicinal diol and the remaining nonconverted epoxide, enantioconvergent processes are also possible, which lead to the formation of a single enantiomeric diol from a racemic oxirane. the data available to date indicate that the enantioselectivities of enzymes fro ... | 1999 | 10021403 |
| phospholipase d-neutralization in serodiagnosis of arcanobacterium haemolyticum and corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infections. | phospholipase d (pld) neutralization was used to examine sera of humans (n = 40) with a spontaneous infection by arcanobacterium haemolyticum, sheep and goats (n = 76 and 79 respectively) with a spontaneous infection by corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, mice (n = 26) experimentally immunized with pld from a. haemolyticum (pld-a) and mice (n = 28) experimentally immunized with pld from c. pseudotuberculosis (pld-c). pld-a and pld-c were also used as neutralizing antigens. a positive result of n ... | 1998 | 9987184 |
| hydride-meisenheimer complex formation and protonation as key reactions of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol biodegradation by rhodococcus erythropolis. | biodegradation of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid) by rhodococcus erythropolis hlpm-1 proceeds via initial hydrogenation of the aromatic ring system. here we present evidence for the formation of a hydride-meisenheimer complex (anionic sigma-complex) of picric acid and its protonated form under physiological conditions. these complexes are key intermediates of denitration and productive microbial degradation of picric acid. for comparative spectroscopic identification of the hydride complex, i ... | 1999 | 9973345 |
| epoxide hydrolases and their synthetic applications. | chiral epoxides and 1,2-diols, which are central building blocks for the asymmetric synthesis of bioactive compounds, can be obtained by using enzymes--i.e. epoxide hydrolases--which catalyse the enantioselective hydrolysis of epoxides. these biocatalysis have recently been found to be more widely distributed in fungi and bacteria than previously expected. sufficient sources from bacteria, such as rhodococcus and nocardia spp., or fungi, as for instance aspergillus and beauveria spp., have now b ... | 1999 | 9933984 |
| development of recombinant bacteria for the degradation of dibenzothiophene. | 1998 | 9928115 | |
| effect of aromatic compounds on cellular fatty acid composition of rhodococcus opacus. | in cells of rhodococcus opacus gm-14, gm-29, and 1cp, the contents of branched (10-methyl) fatty acids increased from 3% to 15 to 34% of the total fatty acids when the cells were grown on benzene, phenol, 4-chlorophenol, chlorobenzene, or toluene as the sole source of carbon and energy, in comparison with cells grown on fructose. in addition, the content of trans-hexadecenoic acid increased from 5% to 8 to 18% with phenol or chlorophenol as the carbon source. the 10-methyl branched fatty acid co ... | 1999 | 9925629 |
| [pulmonary cavitation lesions in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: an analysis of a series of 78 cases]. | to assess the clinical, radiologic and microbiological features of lung cavitation and hiv infection. evaluation of the differences related to this disease in the last years. | 1998 | 9922954 |
| nitrilase catalyzes amide hydrolysis as well as nitrile hydrolysis. | while amides were reported to be completely inert as substrates for all nitrilases reported to date, the nitrilase from rhodococcus rhodochrous j1, which catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of the c-n triple bond in nitrile to form acid and ammonium, was surprisingly found to catalyze hydrolysis of amide to acid and ammonium stoichiometrically. this nitrilase exhibited a km of 2.94 mm for benzamide, similar to that for benzonitrile as the original substrate (2.10 mm), but the vmax for benzamide wa ... | 1998 | 9918784 |
| a sensitive, viable-colony staining method using nile red for direct screening of bacteria that accumulate polyhydroxyalkanoic acids and other lipid storage compounds. | the oxazine dye nile blue a and its fluorescent oxazone form, nile red, were used to develop a simple and highly sensitive staining method to detect poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) and other polyhydroxyalkanoic acids (phas) directly in growing bacterial colonies. in contrast to previously described methods, these dyes were directly included in the medium at concentrations of only 0.5 microgram/ml, and growth of the cells occurred in the presence of the dyes. this allowed an estimation of the presenc ... | 1999 | 9914303 |
| [biochemistry and bioactivities of mycobacterial components]. | the most characteristic pathological change in mycobacterial infection is caseous necrosis followed by tuberculous cavity formation due to the cellular immunity induced by antigenic proteins and adjuvant active cell wall components. mycobacterial cell well contains unique hydrophobic compounds possessing mycolic acids (a long branched-chain high molecular weight fatty acid) and shows distinctive properties such as acid-fastness and wax-like hydrophobicity. mycobacteria do not produce exotoxin an ... | 1998 | 9883601 |
| screening of xenobiotic compounds degrading microorganisms using biosensor techniques. | a screening device based on microorganisms immobilised onto a clark-type oxygen electrode was used to monitor the potential of these microorganisms for the degradation and detection of xenobiotic compounds especially their chlorinated derivatives. the sensitivity and specificity of various species of pseudomonas, sphinomonas, ralstonia, rhodococcus were characterised in relation to xenobiotic compounds by using biosensor techniques. the following groups of xenobiotics were subjects of investigat ... | 1998 | 9880928 |
| cutaneous malakoplakia in pigs inoculated with rhodococcus equi. | cutaneous malakoplakia was observed in pigs inoculated intramuscularly with rhodococcus equi strains of intermediate virulence. macroscopically, the inoculation sites showed the indurated swelling of the skin. histopathologically, abscess formation with histiocytic granulomatous reaction was observed. many macrophages contained target or owl-eye shaped hematoxyphil intracytoplasmic inclusions or calcosherites (michaelis-gutmann bodies) of various sizes. the michaelis-gutmann bodies were also see ... | 1998 | 9879924 |
| wax d of mycobacterium tuberculosis induced osteomyelitis accompanied by reactive bone formation in buffalo rats. | a suspension of heat-killed mycobacterium tuberculosis in liquid paraffin has been reported to induce foot swelling accompanied by new bone formation in buffalo (buf) rats, which are low responders to the induction of adjuvant arthritis. in the present study, we found that wax d, a mycobacterial cell wall peptidoglycan fragment-arabinogalactan-mycolic acid complex, was an effective component of this bacterium for the induction of osteomyelitis accompanied by reactive bone formation in buf rats. ... | 1998 | 9879920 |
| microbial desulfurization of a crude oil middle-distillate fraction: analysis of the extent of sulfur removal and the effect of removal on remaining sulfur. | rhodococcus sp. strain ecrd-1 was evaluated for its ability to desulfurize a 232 to 343 degrees c middle-distillate (diesel range) fraction of oregon basin (ob) crude oil. ob oil was provided as the sole source of sulfur in batch cultures, and the extent of desulfurization and the chemical fate of the residual sulfur in the oil after treatment were determined. gas chromatography (gc), flame ionization detection, and gc sulfur chemiluminesce detection analysis were used to qualitatively evaluate ... | 1999 | 9872778 |
| small genes/gene-products in escherichia coli k-12. | forty-two protein spots of observed m(r) 6-15 kda were resolved by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, stained by coomassie blue and subjected to edman microsequencing. all of the proteins could be related back to their encoding open reading frames, thereby vindicating the bioinformatic tools currently utilised in their identification. however, only 14/42 gene-products were expressed as annotated. translation was confirmed for 14 open reading frames with no attributed function (ecogene y-entrie ... | 1998 | 9868784 |
| etherolytic cleavage of 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid and 4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)butyric acid by species of rhodococcus and aureobacterium isolated from an alkaline environment. | bacterial strains were isolated from the concrete rubble of a demolished herbicide production plant. the predominant feature of these strains was the etherolytic cleavage of 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid (dcpb)1) and 4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)butyric acid (mcpb) while liberating 2,4-dichlorophenol (dcp) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenol (mcp) respectively. some of the isolates were identified by 16s rdna sequence analysis and shown to belong to the genera aureobacterium sp. (strain k2-17) and ... | 1998 | 9867509 |
| rhodococcus equi and nocardia brasiliensis infection of the brain and liver in a patient with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. | resolution of neutropenia is usually followed by resolution of fever in patients with febrile neutropenia. however, in some cases fever continues even when the patient is no longer neutropenic. described here is a case of acute myeloblastic leukemia complicated by brain abscess, pulmonary nodules, and hepatic lesions. the patient's fever had continued after the neutropenia resolved; brain and hepatic cultures grew rhodococcus equi and nocardia brasiliensis. although rhodococcus infections occur ... | 1998 | 9865991 |
| 3-nitroadipate, a metabolic intermediate for mineralization of 2, 4-dinitrophenol by a new strain of a rhodococcus species. | the bacterial strain rb1 has been isolated by enrichment cultivation with 2,4-dinitrophenol as the sole nitrogen, carbon, and energy source and characterized, on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence comparison, as a rhodococcus species closely related to rhodococcus opacus. rhodococcus sp. strain rb1 degrades 2,4-dinitrophenol, releasing the two nitro groups from the compound as nitrite. the release of nitro groups from 2,4-dinitrophenol occurs in two steps. first, the 2-nitro group is removed as ... | 1999 | 9864324 |
| [other infections (streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella spp., campylobacter spp., nocardia asteroides, rhodococcus equi and bartonella spp.)]. | people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are at increased risk for bacterial infections due to hiv-associated immunologic defects. bacterial infections were found to be, both a predictor of progression to aids and a substantial cause of mortality in pre-aids stages. most bacterial infections are caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, salmonella spp. and pseudomonas aeruginosa. rhodococcus equi, nocardia spp., campylobacter spp. and bartonella spp. are less com ... | 1998 | 9859621 |
| [rhodococcus equi--new human threat]. | 1998 | 9857656 | |
| rapid identification of clinically relevant nocardia species to genus level by 16s rrna gene pcr. | two regions of the gene coding for 16s rrna in nocardia species were selected as genus-specific primer sequences for a pcr assay. the pcr protocol was tested with 60 strains of clinically relevant nocardia isolates and type strains. it gave positive results for all strains tested. conversely, the pcr assay was negative for all tested species belonging to the most closely related genera, including dietzia, gordona, mycobacterium, rhodococcus, streptomyces, and tsukamurella. besides, unlike the la ... | 1999 | 9854071 |
| the modified beta-ketoadipate pathway in rhodococcus rhodochrous n75: enzymology of 3-methylmuconolactone metabolism. | rhodococcus rhodochrous n75 is able to metabolize 4-methylcatechol via a modified beta-ketoadipate pathway. this organism has been shown to activate 3-methylmuconolactone by the addition of coenzyme a (coa) prior to hydrolysis of the butenolide ring. a lactone-coa synthetase is induced by growth of r. rhodochrous n75 on p-toluate as a sole source of carbon. the enzyme has been purified 221-fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, hydrophobic chromatography, gel filtration, and anion-exchange chro ... | 1998 | 9852013 |
| the catalytic mechanism of amidase also involves nitrile hydrolysis. | the amidase from rhodococcus rhodochrous j1, which hydrolyzes an amide to an acid and ammonium, was surprisingly found to catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of the c-n triple bond in a nitrile to form an acid and ammonium stoichiometrically. the amidase exhibited a km of 3.26 mm for benzonitrile in contrast to that of 0.15 mm for benzamide as the original substrate, but the vmax for benzonitrile was about 116000 of that for benzamide. a mutant amidase containing alanine instead of ser195, which is ... | 1998 | 9845347 |