Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| comparison of the absorbed elisa and agar gel immunodiffusion test with clinicopathological findings in ovine clinical paratuberculosis. | thirty-two sheep with clinical paratuberculosis and 43 normal, healthy control animals were tested for serum antibodies to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis with the absorbed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) test. all the sheep were necropsied and the diseased cases were categorised as having either multibacillary ('lepromatous') or paucibacillary ('tuberculoid') intestinal lesions. the elisa and agid test were highly sensitive when test ... | 1996 | 9123786 |
| identification of mycobacterium paratuberculosis gene expression signals. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis promoter-containing clones were isolated from a genomic dna library constructed in the transcriptional-translational fusion vector pyub76. the promoter-containing dna fragments were identified in the surrogate host mycobacterium smegmatis by expression of the promoterless lacz reporter gene of pyub76. the expression signals exhibited a wide range of strengths, as indicated by their corresponding beta-galactosidase activities. eight clones were sequenced and charact ... | 1997 | 9084176 |
| serological survey for antibodies to infectious agents in beef cattle in northern south australia. | 1997 | 9066974 | |
| paratuberculosis in wild rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) | a survey of wild rabbits in tayside, scotland revealed that 67 per cent were infected with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. in general, the infected rabbits had histopathological changes within the lymph nodes and intestines which were consistent with the changes due to paratuberculosis in ruminants. the survey raises the possibility that rabbits and other wildlife may be involved in the epidemiology of paratuberculosis, a possibility which has important implications for the cont ... | 1997 | 9050174 |
| is900 targets translation initiation signals in mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis to facilitate expression of its hed gene. | the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (formerly mycobacterium paratuberculosis) atypical insertion sequence, is900, encodes a novel gene on the complementary strand to the putative transposase, p43. this gene requires a promoter, ribosome binding site (rbs) and termination codon to be acquired upon insertion into the m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis genome and hence is designated the hed (host expression-dependent) gene of is900. analysis of is900 insertion sites suggests that this ele ... | 1997 | 9043131 |
| identification and differentiation of mycobacteria using the pan promoter sequence from mycobacterium paratuberculosis as a dna probe. | a 165 bp dna fragment containing the pan promoter from mycobacterium paratuberculosis was used as a probe in southern blots to detect the presence of related sequences in other species of mycobacteria. among the species tested homologous sequences appeared to be present in representative pathogens belonging to the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, the mais complex, mycobacterium kansasii and also the non-pathogenic vaccine strain mycobacterium bovis bcg. in addition, the probe could differenti ... | 1997 | 9037765 |
| phenotypic characterisation of intestinal lymphocytes in ovine paratuberculosis by immunohistochemistry. | characterisation of the t-cell subsets in intestinal lesions in sheep with paratuberculosis may contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease. to determine the phenotype and distribution of lymphocytes in the normal sheep intestinal mucosa and in mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infected sheep, immunohistochemistry was performed on 12 normal sheep and 18 naturally infected, clinically diseased sheep of which 12 showed lepromatous and six tuberculoid forms of ... | 1996 | 9014316 |
| the effect of cobalt supplementation on the immune response in vitamin b12 deficient texel lambs. | the effect of cobalt supplementation on the immune reactivity in vitamin b12 deficient lambs was measured by comparing the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses against bovine herpes virus type 1 and mycobacterium paratuberculosis. in addition, faecal egg counts were performed after natural infection with gastrointestinal nematodes. the experiments were performed with registered texel twin lambs of the same sex. one lamb of each twin received three cobalt pellets divided over the grazing pe ... | 1996 | 9014314 |
| [mycobacterium paratuberculosis--an etiological agent in crohn disease?]. | 1997 | 9012086 | |
| analysis of culture filtrate and cell wall-associated antigens of mycobacterium paratuberculosis with monoclonal antibodies. | proteins secreted by mycobacterium species have been suggested as major immune targets in the early phase of infection. in this study, we sought to identify specific antigens in culture filtrates and in soluble cell extracts of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. the release of antigens into the culture medium during growth of the bacilli and the distribution of specific epitopes within the mycobacterium species were investigated by immunoblot analysis with monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised agains ... | 1997 | 9009287 |
| macrophage inhibitory factor-a3 derived from mycobacterium avium serovar 2 inhibits candidacidal activity of murine peritoneal macrophages. | macrophage inhibitory factor-a3 (mif-a3), a fraction derived from mycobacterium avium serovar 2 inhibited candidacidal activity in macrophages from c57bl/6, c57bl/10, c3h/hej and a/j strains of mice. inhibition of candidacidal activity was demonstrated at mif-a3 concentrations ranging from 100-400 micrograms/ml in macrophages without additional stimulators (exception c3h/hej macrophages) and in macrophages additionally stimulated with 200 u/ml interferon-gamma, 100 ng/ml phorbol myristate acetat ... | 1996 | 9008340 |
| scavenging of reactive oxygen species by a glycolipid fraction of mycobacterium avium serovar 2. | previous experiments indicated that mif-a3, a peptidoglycolipid extracted from mycobacterium avium serovar 2 (mycobacterium paratuberculosis 18), inhibits the killing of candida albicans by activated bovine peripheral blood-derived macrophages and murine thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages in vitro. subsequent in vitro data from our laboratory indicated that this reduction in killing may be related to the ability of mif-a3 to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ros). in this study we ex ... | 1997 | 8981049 |
| mycobacteria as possible causes of sarcoidosis and crohn's disease. | 1996 | 8972120 | |
| comparison of polyclonal antibodies to three different preparations of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in immunohistochemical diagnosis of johne's disease in cattle. | polyclonal antisera were raised in rabbits against preparations of live and heat-killed mycobacterium paratuberculosis and cell-wall proteins of m. paratuberculosis and were evaluated as diagnostic tools in immunohistochemical staining of bovine tissue. live preparations of m. paratuberculosis (lmp) were inoculated intraperitoneally or intravenously at 10(9)/ml. heat-killed m. paratuberculosis (hkmp) was prepared by treatment of bacteria at 85 c for 10 minutes. cell-wall proteins were isolated f ... | 1996 | 8953534 |
| isolation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from colostrum and milk of subclinically infected cows. | mycobacterial culture was performed on colostrum, milk, and feces from 126 clinically normal cows of a single herd with high prevalence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection. thirty-six (28.6%) cows were determined to be shedding the organism in the feces. of the 36 fecal culture positive cows, m paratuberculosis was isolated from the colostrum of 8 (22.2%) and from the milk of 3 (8.3%). cows that were heavy fecal shedders were more likely to shed the organism in the colostrum than were li ... | 1995 | 8928949 |
| comparison of milk with serum elisa for the detection of paratuberculosis in dairy cows. | to compare milk with serum elisa for detection of antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | 1996 | 8926193 |
| description and classification of different types of lesion associated with natural paratuberculosis infection in sheep. | paratuberculosis lesions in naturally infected sheep were classified histologically. adult sheep (n = 166) culled for various reasons, from four flocks in which clinical cases of the disease had occurred, were studied. eight-two sheep (49.4%) showed lesions that could be divided into three main categories. type 1 lesions, found in 24.1% of these animals, consisted of small granulomata formed by macrophages and were located exclusively in the ileocaecal peyer's patch. in type 2 lesions, found in ... | 1996 | 8920212 |
| metastatic crohn's disease: a case report. | metastatic crohn's disease (mcd) is a rare extraintestinal manifestation of crohn's disease characterized by the histologic finding of granulomatous dermatitis at a site noncontiguous to the gastrointestinal tract. an adolescent had mcd of the face that was initially mistaken for severe, treatment-resistant acne. histopathologic and microbiologic evaluation, combined with clinical examination and response to therapy, ultimately led to the correct diagnosis. mycobacterium paratuberculosis is a su ... | 1996 | 8919520 |
| survival of mycobacterium paratuberculosis and preservation of immunoglobulin g in bovine colostrum under experimental conditions simulating pasteurization. | to determine whether mycobacterium paratuberculosis could survive in colostrum after pasteurization. additionally, this study investigated the effect pasteurization had on igg concentration in colostrum. | 1996 | 8915433 |
| evaluation of defined media suitable for isolation of auxotrophic mutants of mycobacteria. | in order to investigate the production of auxotrophs of slow growing mycobacterial pathogens, an evaluation of defined liquid and solid media suitable for mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium paratuberculosis was undertaken. five defined liquid media were evaluated. a number of solid support matrices was added to the liquid media to produce solid media for evaluation. tween 80 was added to all media to produce diffuse homogeneous growth. although satisfactory growth ... | 1996 | 8914267 |
| polymerase chain reaction analysis of tnf-alpha and il-6 mrna levels in whole blood from cattle naturally or experimentally infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | johne's disease is characterized by a chronic enteritis that results in granulomatous inflammation, cachexia, and eventual death of cattle infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and interleukin-6 (il-6) have been associated with granuloma formation and wasting in other disease syndromes. the potential role of these cytokines in the development and progression of johne's disease has not been investigated. using the polymerase chain reac ... | 1996 | 8904661 |
| rapid differentiation of mycobacterium avium and m. paratuberculosis by pcr and restriction enzyme analysis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (m. avium) and m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis), intracellular bacteria that can cause chronic granulomatous enteritis in cattle, are difficult to distinguish on the basis of growth and biochemical characteristics. we report the development of a pcr-based strategy for the rapid differentiation of isolates of m. avium from isolates of m. paratuberculosis. restriction fragment length polymorphism was identified by pcr amplification and subsequ ... | 1996 | 8904449 |
| differences in the kinetics of t cell accumulations in c3h/hen (bcg-resistant) and c57bl/6 (bcg-susceptible) mice infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | the accumulation of various t cell subsets in bcg-susceptible (c57bl/6) and- resistant (c3h/hen) strains of mice were compared following an intraperitoneal infection with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. groups of mice from both strains were killed at 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 150 days after infection and lymphocytes were harvested from the peritoneal exudate cells (pec), spleen, intestinal epithelial lymphocytes (iel), lamina propria lymphocytes (lpl), peyer's patches, and mesenteric lymph node (mln ... | 1996 | 8894379 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis and crohn's disease. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the causative agent of johne's disease, a chronic enteritis in ruminants. it has been suggested that crohn's disease, a gastrointestinal disease in humans with similar clinical symptoms and histopathological findings, is caused by the same bacteria. epidemiological data support crohn's disease possibly being caused by an infectious agent. recently, with improved culture techniques and the advent of polymerase chain reaction, m. paratuberculosis has been identifi ... | 1995 | 8867176 |
| identification of mycobacterium avium complex in sarcoidosis. | cell wall-defective bacteria which later reverted to acid-fast bacilli have been isolated from sarcoid tissue. these have not been conclusively shown to be mycobacteria. specific pcr assays were applied to identify mycobacterial nucleic acids in these cultured isolates and in fresh specimens obtained from patients with sarcoidosis. positive amplification and hybridization were observed with mycobacterium avium complex- and/or mycobacterium paratuberculosis-specific probes in five of the six cult ... | 1996 | 8862592 |
| production of gamma-interferon by peripheral blood mononuclear cells: an important diagnostic tool for detection of subclinical paratuberculosis. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from noninfected control cows and from cows with either subclinical or clinical paratuberculosis (johne's disease). cells were incubated for 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours in complete medium with the following mitogens: concanavalin a (cona), phytohemagglutinin-p (phap), pokeweed mitogen (pwm), and escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. in addition, cells were incubated for the same time periods with a mycobacterium paratuberculosis sonicate (mps) and live ... | 1996 | 8844578 |
| paratuberculosis: a potential zoonosis? | available literature on the controversial role of mycobacterium paratuberculosis as an etiologic agent in human crohn's disease is reviewed. despite almost 15 years of investigation, the question of causal or consequential association between johne's disease and crohn's disease continues to linger. | 1996 | 8828116 |
| paratuberculosis in small ruminants, deer, and south american camelids. | paratuberculosis in small ruminants is widespread geographically. in some herds and flocks, clinical paratuberculosis, which primarily causes long-term weight loss, can be a significant cause of culling. the effects of subclinical disease are less defined, but they may include decreased milk production in milking sheep and decreased weight gain in deer raised for slaughter. paratuberculosis also can cause economic losses due to reduced sales of breeding animals from purebred flocks and herds. di ... | 1996 | 8828115 |
| treatment of clinical paratuberculosis in cattle. | paratuberculosis is a chronic, fatal condition that is usually clinically undetectable until the onset of copious diarrhea. paratuberculosis is caused by mycobacterium paratuberculosis. successful eradication of paratuberculosis depends on the early detection of infected animals, allowing removal of carrier animals from the herd. treatment for paratuberculosis is therefore rarely indicated or undertaken. treatment may, however, be considered in ruminants of exceptional genetic value or in compan ... | 1996 | 8828113 |
| diagnosis of paratuberculosis. | the currently available and accurate diagnostic tests for paratuberculosis are reviewed. technical issues concerning test performance are briefly mentioned and the advantages, disadvantages, and comparative accuracy are described. the article concludes with recommendations on which tests to use in eight different situations requiring laboratory diagnostics for paratuberculosis. | 1996 | 8828110 |
| immunology: resistance to paratuberculosis. | disease caused by mycobacterium paratuberculosis involves a complex interaction of lymphoid and phagocytic cells of the peripheral and mucosal immune responses. for resistance to develop, animals must generate an effective cellular immune response to primary infections as well as multifocal exogenous and endogenous reinfections. if an effective immune response does not develop, infected animals transgress through a complex immunologic spectrum in which the immunologic reactions themselves are re ... | 1996 | 8828108 |
| transmission of paratuberculosis. | infection of the calf soon after birth by oral ingestion of m. paratuberculosis organisms from feces of infected cows is the most important method of transmission of paratuberculosis. the severity and rate of progression of the disease are dependent on the quantity of organisms in the exposure and the age of the animal. only a small dose of organisms may be required to establish infection in a newborn calf, and overwhelming age-related resistance by introduction of a large dose of organisms to a ... | 1996 | 8828107 |
| use of bactec radiometric culture method and polymerase chain reaction for the rapid screening of faeces and tissues for mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | the bactec radiometric culture method for detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis was evaluated on faeces from cattle on a farm in quarantine for johne's disease. a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based on the is900 sequence specific for m paratuberculosis and a genus specific 16s rrna region was developed and used to test cultures showing evidence of mycobacterial growth in the bactec liquid radiometric culture medium. using the bactec-pcr combination, confirmation of m paratuberc ... | 1995 | 8825311 |
| analysis of paraffin sections of crohn's disease for mycobacterium paratuberculosis using polymerase chain reaction. | although mycobacterium paratuberculosis has been reported by both culture and polymerase chain reaction in unfixed intestinal tissue from patients with crohn's disease, its pathologic significance is unclear. we used polymerase chain reaction to analyze dna for the presence of m. paratuberculosis from 27 specimens in 23 patients with crohn's disease. seventeen of these cases contained granulomata. dna from unstained paraffin tissue sections was amplified using nested pcr specific for a 264-base ... | 1996 | 8821953 |
| improved isolation of genomic dna from mycobacteria in agarose plugs by rapid lysis with a combination of n-acetylglucosaminidase and lysozyme. | 1996 | 8800667 | |
| is900 pcr to detect mycobacterium paratuberculosis in retail supplies of whole pasteurized cows' milk in england and wales. | is900 pcr for mycobacterium paratuberculosis was applied to cream, whey, and pellet fractions of centrifuged whole cows' milk. the test and simultaneous control reactions gave correct results for spiked milk and for native milk samples obtained directly from m. paratuberculosis-free, subclinically infected, and clinically infected cows. the test was then applied to units of whole pasteurized cows' milk widely obtained from retail outlets throughout central and southern england from september 199 ... | 1996 | 8795236 |
| on the etiology of crohn disease. | crohn disease (cd) is a chronic, panenteric intestinal inflammatory disease. its etiology is unknown. analogous to the tuberculoid and lepromatous forms of leprosy, cd may have two clinical manifestations. one is aggressive and fistulizing (perforating), and the other is contained, indolent, and obstructive (nonperforating) [gi]-berts, e. c. a. m., greenstein, a. j., katsel, p., harpaz, n. & greenstein, r. j. (1994) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 91, 12721-127241. the etiology, if infections, may be ... | 1996 | 8790414 |
| mycobacteria of runyon groups i, ii and iv do not play an aetiological role in crohn's disease. | in addition to mycobacterium paratuberculosis, other slow-growing as well as rapid-growing mycobacteria were isolated from mucosa or full thickness samples of intestine from patients with crohn's disease. the meaning of these data remained unclear. to investigate the possible aetiological role of these rapid- and slow-growing mycobacteria, serosa and mesenteric lymph nodes were also cultivated in the present study. | 1995 | 8789308 |
| mycobacteria on trial: guilty or innocent in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease? | 1995 | 8789307 | |
| detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues by the polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) utilizing primers specific for the is900 sequence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis was applied to tissue sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded ileum from cattle with johne's disease and the results compared to those obtained with acid-fast (ziehl-neelsen) and immunohistochemical staining. the pcr was positive in 19/21 tissues (90%) while ziehl-neelsen staining was positive in 18/21 (86%) and immunohistochemical staining in 21/21 (100%). the ziehl-neel ... | 1996 | 8785716 |
| molecular characterization of mycobacterium paratuberculosis isolates from sheep, goats, and cattle by hybridization with a dna probe to insertion element is900. | mycobactin j-dependent mycobacterial isolates from sheep, goat, and cattle herds with johne's disease in morocco, south africa, the united states, and germany were tested for the repetitive insertion sequence is900 of mycobacterium paratuberculosis by pcr. the is900 pcr target sequence was detected in 90 of 93 fecal culture isolates tested (96.8%). restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) and in vitro growth characteristics were studied in 46 of the is900-positive isolates and in two bo ... | 1996 | 8784556 |
| paratuberculosis in sheep flocks in morocco: a serological, microscopical and cultural survey. | in an attempt to estimate the importance of johne's disease in sheep in morocco, a diagnostic survey was made in three flocks suspected of being infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. blood and faeces samples collected randomly from 188 adult sheep were investigated using direct microscopy of fecal smears, fecal culture and the serum complement fixation test (cft). microscopical examination of faeces revealed acid-fast bacteria in 67 (35.6%) samples. however, ziehl-neelsen staining lacks ... | 1996 | 8767767 |
| molecular techniques in the diagnosis and control of paratuberculosis in cattle. | 1996 | 8756870 | |
| sample preparation for m paratuberculosis polymerase chain reaction in faeces and tissues. | 1994 | 8737487 | |
| antibodies against mycobacterium paratuberculosis in crohn's disease. | until recently the investigation of serological responses to mycobacteria in patients with crohn's disease has been hindered by the considerable degree of cross-reactivity between antigens of m. paratuberculosis, and other mycobacterial subspecies. we evaluated the serological response of crohn's disease patients to a recently identified species-specific 18 kda protease-resistant antigen corresponding to m. paratuberculosis bacterioferritin. the 18 kda antigen was purified from m. paratuberculos ... | 1996 | 8731566 |
| relationship of acid phosphatase activity to ultrastructural features in mice inoculated with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | macrophage activation, measured as increased acid phosphatase (acpase)-positive areas by image analysis, and ultrastructural features were examined in granulomatous mycobacterial lesions of mice innately susceptible (balb/c mice; bcg) and innately resistant (c3h/hej mice; bcg) to mycobacterium paratuberculosis strain atcc 19698. in the liver and spleen of balb/c mice 3 weeks after intraperitoneal inoculation with m. paratuberculosis, acpase activity detected in epithelioid cell nodules was high; ... | 1996 | 8729083 |
| influence of vitamin d3 infusion and dietary calcium on secretion of interleukin 1, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor in mice infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | to study the effects of 1,25(oh)2d3 and calcium (ca) on splenocyte cytokine secretion during mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection. | 1996 | 8725807 |
| cross-reactive and species specific mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in the immunoprofile of schaumann bodies: a major clue to the etiology of sarcoidosis. | sarcoidosis, once thought to be a variant of tuberculosis, is currently listed as a disease of unknown etiology. the present study was initiated by unpublished observations that schaumann bodies-the laminated inclusions often encountered in sarcoid granulomas-cross-reacted with commercial polyclonal antibodies to mycobacterium bovis, mycobacterium duvalii and mycobacterium paratuberculosis. given the broad cross-reactivity of many mycobacterial antigens, those findings lacked specificity but war ... | 1996 | 8720456 |
| epidemiologic study of on-farm management practices associated with prevalence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infections in dairy cattle. | to use an on-farm recording form to quantity the effect of specific management practices on apparent prevalence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in dairy cattle herds. | 1996 | 8675478 |
| associations between subclinical paratuberculosis and milk production, milk components, and somatic cell counts in dairy herds. | to determine associations between subclinical mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection and milk production, milk components, and somatic cell counts of dairy cattle. | 1996 | 8675477 |
| does crohn's disease need differentiation from tuberculosis? | crohn's disease (cd) and tuberculosis (tb) of the gastrointestinal tract pose major diagnostic problems for clinicians where these conditions coexist. clinically and radiologically, the diseases are similar. in the west, tb is considered in the differential diagnosis of all suspected cases of cd, particularly among asian migrants. earlier age of presentation, perianal disease and enteric fistulae favour a diagnosis of cd. aphthoid ulceration, pseudopolyps and filiform mucosa at endoscopy are sug ... | 1996 | 8672766 |
| an abattoir-based study of the prevalence of subclinical johne's disease in adult cattle in south west england. | the prevalance of subclinical johne's disease was estimated in adult cattle slaughtered at three major abattoirs in south west england. a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based on is900 was used to detect mycobacterium paratuberculosis in intestinal lymph nodes of 1553 cattle. culture was also carried out on all pcr positive and inconclusive samples. the prevalence of subclinical disease in adult cattle was 3.5% (95% confidence intervals (ci) 2.6-4.7) by pcr and 2.6% (ci 1.8-3.6) by culture. the ... | 1996 | 8666083 |
| study on immune response of goats vaccinated with a live strain of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | a study of the immune response of goats vaccinated with a live strain (316-f) of mycobacterium paratuberculosis has been performed, taking into consideration both cellular and serological responses using a lymphocyte transformation assay (lta) and a counterimmunoelectrophoresis test (ciet). the analyses made at three monthly intervals reveal an in vitro proliferative response of blood lymphocytes to specific antigen and lymphocytes t mitogen over a year of post-vaccination, but no humoral respon ... | 1996 | 8654049 |
| comparison of the resistance of c57bl/6 and c3h/he mice to infection with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | susceptibility of c57bl/6 (bcgs) and c3h/hen (bcgr) mice to an intraperitoneal infection with mycobacterium paratuberculosis strain 19698 was compared (by histopathology and the number of mycobacteria isolated from the spleen). mycobacterial counts from the spleen of bcgr mice progressively decreased over the course of infection but remained unchanged in bcgs mice. granulomatous lesions and acid-fast bacteria were consistently present in the liver and lymph nodes of bcgs mice, whereas lesions we ... | 1995 | 8604557 |
| no mycobacterium paratuberculosis found in crohn's disease using polymerase chain reaction. | m. paratuberculosis has been considered as a putative causative factor of crohn's disease. however, its detection in diseased tissue samples using the polymerase chain reaction yielded conflicting results. we validated this technique for the detection of mycobacteria (any species) and m. paratuberculosis before applying it to 72 intestinal biopsies from patients with crohn's disease (n = 36), ulcerative colitis (n = 13), and control subjects (n = 23). possible polymerase chain reaction inhibitor ... | 1996 | 8601392 |
| inactivation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in cows' milk at pasteurization temperatures. | the thermal inactivation of 11 strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis at pasteurization temperatures was investigated. cows' milk inoculated with m. paratuberculosis at two levels (10(7) and 10(4) cfu/ml) was pasteurized in the laboratory by (i) a standard holder method (63.5 degrees c for 30 min) and (ii) a high-temperature, short-time (htst) method (71.7 degrees c for 15 s). additional heating times of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 40 min at 63.5 degrees c were included to enable the construction of a ... | 1996 | 8593064 |
| [seroepidemiologic investigations in the alpine ibex (capra i. ibex) of piz albris in the canton of grigioni (switzerland)]. | sero-epidemiological investigations in wild animals may allow to assess distribution of selected pathogens that sometimes seem to be involved in sanitary interrelationships between wild and domestic ungulates sharing the same areas. serological studies were carried out to investigate the prevalence of antibody against 8 pathogens in alpine ibex of albris colony (grisons, switzerland). investigated sera came from 89 animals shot by gamekeepers in 1990-1991. antibody against smooth brucella, coxie ... | 1995 | 8584868 |
| evaluation of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle. | the performance of a commercially available elisa for detection of antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis was evaluated using sera from 1,146 cows. samples were from uninfected cattle, infected subclinical cattle shedding low numbers of organism in feces, subclinical heavy shedders, clinical cases, and randomly selected cattle in a slaughterhouse survey for paratuberculosis. the overall sensitivity of the test, using the manufacturer's recommended cutoff was 45% +/- 4.8%, and the specifici ... | 1995 | 8580170 |
| first report of paratuberculosis (johne's disease) in sheep in morocco. | paratuberculosis (johne's disease) was suspected in a flock of approximately 1000 sheep after weight losses and scouring had increased in adult animals despite repeated anthelmintic treatment. a total of 10 ewes showing clinical symptoms were submitted to laboratory examination. gross pathological and histological examination of tissue samples rendered results compatible with johne's disease in all 10 ewes. the diagnosis could only be confirmed by cultural isolation and identification of mycobac ... | 1995 | 8578913 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis and inflammatory bowel disease: frequency distribution in serial colonoscopic biopsies using the polymerase chain reaction. | an association between mycobacterium paratuberculosis and crohn's disease is suspected but the evidence remains controversial. using a one-step dna extraction procedure with the thermophilic protease pretaq and amplification by the polymerase chain reaction, m. paratuberculosis dna was detected in 22% of patients with crohn's disease, and in 13% of patients with ulcerative colitis. m. paratuberculosis dna was not found in any biopsy tissue from control non-inflammatory bowel disease patients. th ... | 1995 | 8577260 |
| evaluation of an agar gel immunodiffusion test kit for detection of antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis in sheep. | to determine whether a commercially available agar gel immunodiffusion test approved for detecting antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis in cattle could be used for sheep. | 1996 | 8575973 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis and seroreactivities of the 65k heat shock protein from mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the causative agent of johne's disease, a chronic enteritis in ruminants. it has also been implicated as a possible cause of crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology. the mycobacterial 65k heat shock proteins (hsp-65k) are among the most extensively studied mycobacterial proteins, and their immunogenic characteristics have been suggested to be the basis for autoimmunization in chronic inflammatory diseases. in this context, we isolated ... | 1995 | 8574825 |
| ex vivo induction of tnf-alpha and il-6 mrna in bovine whole blood by mycobacterium paratuberculosis and mycobacterial cell wall components. | johne's disease is a chronic enteritis of cattle and other ruminant species that is of worldwide economic importance. the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and interleukin-6 (il-6) have been associated with granuloma formation and wasting in other disease syndromes. the potential role of these cytokines in the development and progression of johne's disease has not been investigated. using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and specific bovine oligonucleotide ... | 1995 | 8559037 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis dna not detected in crohn's disease tissue by fluorescent polymerase chain reaction. | the role of mycobacteria in the aetiology of crohn's disease has been a contentious subject for many years. mycobacterium paratuberculosis is known to cause a chronic granulomatous enteritis in animals (johne's disease) and has been implicated as a possible infectious cause of crohn's disease. however this fastidious organism is only rarely detected by conventional microbiological techniques. this study used oligonucleotide primers to the species-specific m paratuberculosis is900 dna insertion e ... | 1995 | 8549942 |
| effects of administration of anti-cd4 and anti-cd8 monoclonal antibodies on mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in intragastrically challenged mice. | in this study, we examined the roles of cd4+ and cd8+ cells in resistance to experimental paratuberculosis. mice received purified anti-cd4 or anti-cd8 monoclonal antibodies before intragastric challenge with mycobacterium paratuberculosis and on a biweekly basis for six months. this resulted in sustained depletion of cd4+ and cd8+ cells as verified by flow cytometry analysis of spleen cells from m. paratuberculosis infected mice. depletion of cd4+ or cd8+ cells did not enhance fecal shedding of ... | 1993 | 8509155 |
| identification of spheroplast-like agents isolated from tissues of patients with crohn's disease and control tissues by polymerase chain reaction. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis has been isolated from tissue taken from patients with crohn's disease and has been implicated in the etiology of this disease. on culture, the organisms appear initially as cell wall-deficient, spheroplast-like forms that are difficult to identify by conventional techniques. here we examine 30 unidentified cultures by the polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for m. paratuberculosis, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and mycobacterium avium restriction fragme ... | 1993 | 8501224 |
| mycobacteria in crohn's disease. | 1993 | 8495187 | |
| antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis and nine species of environmental mycobacteria in crohn's disease and control subjects. | cultural and serological studies have provided limited, often conflicting, evidence of a role for mycobacteria in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease. interest has focussed on mycobacterium paratuberculosis, previously considered to be common in the environment with no major role as a human pathogen. whether a specific serum antibody response to mycobacteria occurs in crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis was investigated. sera from patients with crohn's disease (n = 38), ulcerative colitis (n = ... | 1993 | 8472986 |
| reproducibility of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for bovine paratuberculosis among eight laboratories. | interlaboratory reproducibility of an absorbed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kit for detection of bovine serum antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis was evaluated. a panel of 30 bovine sera (15 positives and 15 negatives) was tested in triplicate microtiter wells on each of 2 days at 8 different laboratories. one laboratory had invalid results because of positive or negative serum control optical density (od) readings beyond the acceptable range specified by the kit. the coeff ... | 1993 | 8466981 |
| differentiation of mycobacteria on the basis of chemotype profiles by using matrix solid-phase dispersion and thin-layer chromatography. | because of the rising incidence of clinical mycobacterial infections and the difficulty in identification and characterization of mycobacteria at the subspecies and serovar levels, a technique for differentiation that could be performed quickly and with relatively little equipment and expense was developed. lysis and fractionation of mycobacteria by matrix solid-phase dispersion followed by thin-layer chromatography were used to produce chemotype profiles of the lipid and glycolipid components o ... | 1993 | 8458954 |
| paratuberculosis in farmed red deer (cervus elaphus) in ireland. | paratuberculosis was diagnosed in one 18-month-old and two 30-month-old hinds in a herd of 70 red deer (cervus elaphus) in ireland. loss of condition and intermittent diarrhoea were the main clinical findings. clumps of acid-fast organisms were found in the faeces of the three deer. post mortem examination of one deer showed a slight swelling and pallor of the intestinal tract and associated lymph nodes. histopathology showed a severe, granulomatous enteritis and lymphadenitis, with extensive ce ... | 1993 | 8451813 |
| relationship between negative skin test with johnin after vaccination and post mortem findings. | one hundred and seventy-six cattle, vaccinated against paratuberculosis in the first month of life with a whole-cell inactivated vaccine, containing mycobacterium paratuberculosis suspended in a water/oil emulsion, were tested with intradermal johnin between the ages of five and 14 months. negative results in the skin test occurred more frequently in animals found positive in post mortem examinations (p = 0.008) using histological, microscopical and cultural techniques. | 1993 | 8442335 |
| cultivation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from bovine fecal samples by using elements of the roche mb check system. | components of a commercially available, nonradiometric, biphasic (liquid medium then solid medium) system for the detection of mycobacterial species, roche mb check, were adapted for the isolation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from bovine fecal specimens. a two-stage culture procedure was developed in which processed fecal samples were incubated in modified commercial liquid medium and then subcultured onto herrold's egg yolk medium with mycobactin. by using known culture-positive samples an ... | 1993 | 8432826 |
| serodiagnosis of paratuberculosis in sheep by use of agar gel immunodiffusion. | an agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) test was used over a 3-year period to examine 1,871 serum samples from sheep representing 5 mycobacterium paratuberculosis-infected flocks and 4 flocks presumed to be uninfected. of 1,032 sheep, 31 had positive agid test results (scoring 1 to 5), and 23 of these 31 were necropsied. infection with m paratuberculosis was confirmed by 1 or more of the following findings: observation of typical lesions on histologic examination of sections of ileum or ileocecal lym ... | 1993 | 8427456 |
| causation of crohn's disease: the impact of clusters. | 1993 | 8425709 | |
| isolation and partial characterization of glycolipid fractions from mycobacterium avium serovar 2 (mycobacterium paratuberculosis 18) that inhibit activated macrophages. | glycolipid fractions from mycobacterium avium serovar 2 (mycobacterium paratuberculosis 18) inhibited the killing of candida albicans by activated bovine peripheral-blood-derived macrophages. fractions were derived by using the matrix solid-phase dispersion technique, which is a new method of simultaneous lysis and partial fractionation of components of bacterial cells. further purification of active fractions was performed by concanavalin a affinity chromatography, centrifugal filtration, and d ... | 1993 | 8418031 |
| antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | 1993 | 8406172 | |
| use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serodiagnosis of clinical paratuberculosis in goats. study by western blotting of false-positive reactions. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was performed for diagnosis of paratuberculosis in goats, using as antigen a protoplasmic extract (ppa-3). the test was developed on the basis of the results obtained with two serum reference pools, positive and negative respectively. to avoid day-to-day variations, dilutions of the positive serum pool were included in each plate to obtain an arbitrary system, transforming absorbance into immunoglobulin (ig) g anti-mycobacterium paratuberculosis units ... | 1993 | 8400398 |
| [use of the in vitro enzymatic amplification method for the detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in feces]. | a polymerase chain reaction was developed, using as target sequence an insertion element of 1,451 base pairs (is 900), specific for mycobacterium paratuberculosis (15-20 copies per genome). the test was performed in three stages: (1) extraction of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (dna), from faeces stored at +4 degrees c, -20 degrees c, in 70% ethanol or in a buffer solution; (2) amplification of the target dna by means of thermostable dna polymerase; (3) detection of the amplified dna by electro ... | 1993 | 8400396 |
| the cellular immunology of bovine paratuberculosis: immunity may be regulated by cd4+ helper and cd8+ immunoregulatory t lymphocytes which down-regulate gamma/delta+ t-cell cytotoxicity. | in a previous investigation, we obtained evidence that the major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted proliferative response of cd4+ lymphocytes to mycobacterium paratuberculosis antigens was depressed in naturally infected and immunized animals. findings suggested that depression of the response was attributable to an abrogation in the ability of cd4+ cells to respond to specific antigens and/or the actual loss of antigen-reactive cells. in vitro cell experiments indicated that the depre ... | 1993 | 8366813 |
| comparative analysis of three sensitins used in cutaneous testing for tuberculosis and paratuberculosis in cattle. | correspondence between components of sensitins (avian, bovine, and johnin-ppd tuberculins) and the proteins of the corresponding microorganisms (mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium paratuberculosis) was established. most of these identified proteins are present in the three organisms, but the 38.3- and 48.8-kda proteins of m. avium and the 54.0- and 58.7-kda proteins of m. bovis are endowed with species-specific epitope(s). | 1993 | 8354464 |
| isolation and sequencing of the gene coding for an antigenic 34-kilodalton protein of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | the gene coding for an antigenic 34-kda protein of mycobacterium paratuberculosis was isolated and sequenced. the 897-bp open reading frame coded for a novel protein containing specific b epitopes. the occurrence of well-defined hydrophobic and hydrophilic portions suggests the wall location of the protein. | 1993 | 8335649 |
| aetiology of crohn's disease. | 1993 | 8323329 | |
| inability to detect mycobactin in mycobacteria-infected tissues suggests an alternative iron acquisition mechanism by mycobacteria in vivo. | although most species of mycobacterium are capable of producing mycobactin, it is not known if conditions within the host allow for mycobactin synthesis or whether it even plays a role in iron acquisition in vivo. we employed the mycobactin-auxotroph, mycobacterium paratuberculosis, in a bioassay to examine tissues from animals infected with either mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium avium or m. paratuberculosis for the presence of mycobactin or compounds which demonstrate mycobactin-like ... | 1993 | 8321124 |
| immunohistochemical distribution of s-100 alpha-positive cells in bovine mycobacterial and non-mycobacterial granulomas. | by means of immunohistochemistry, the distribution of the alpha-subunit (s-100 alpha) and the beta-subunit (s-100 beta) of s-100 protein was studied in bovine granulomas caused by actinomyces bovis, actinobacillus lignieresi, actinomyces (corynebacterium) pyogenes, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium paratuberculosis. s-100 alpha-positive epithelioid cells or dendritic cells were scattered among the predominantly s-100 alpha-negative cells of the ... | 1993 | 8315057 |
| preparation of a specific rna probe for detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis and diagnosis of johne's disease. | a species-specific recombinant clone (f57) was obtained from a genomic library of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in the transcription vector pgem 3z. this clone proved to be specific for all mycobacteria tested, including m. avium, and was able to recognize all of the tested m. paratuberculosis strains isolated from animals and humans (patients with crohn's disease). the f57 insert was sequenced and a segment of 620 bp with a g + c content of 58.9% was identified. comparison of the sequence with ... | 1993 | 8315002 |
| oral immunization with recombinant bcg induces cellular and humoral immune responses against the foreign antigen. | it has been shown recently that bcg can be used as a live recombinant vaccine to stimulate immune responses. proliferative or cytotoxic t-cell responses against several viral proteins such as hiv gag, env or nef were obtained after parenteral immunization with bcg expressing these proteins. antibody responses were also obtained after immunization of mice with recombinant bcg strain which expressed lac z under the control of a promoter sequence isolated from mycobacterium paratuberculosis. we hav ... | 1993 | 8296480 |
| viral association with crohn's disease. | crohn's disease is an inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, the cause of which remains unknown. since the first description by dalziel in 1913 (1), similarities between crohn's disease and intestinal mycobacterial infection, particularly johne's disease in ruminants, have been widely recognized (2, 3). after mitchell and rees demonstrated the transmission of granulomata from crohn's disease by injecting intestinal homogenates into the footpads of mice (4), there followed many stud ... | 1993 | 8292306 |
| association of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection with reduced mastitis, but with decreased milk production and increased cull rate in clinically normal dairy cows. | approximately 45 holstein cows that were mycobacterium paratuberculosis-positive on the basis of fecal culture results were maintained at any one time in a 210-cow dairy herd. farm management participated in the new york state paratuberculosis eradication program. paratuberculosis-positive cows were grouped separately from paratuberculosis-negative cows, but they were otherwise managed identically. during a 1-year study, 180 paratuberculosis-negative cows and 113 clinically normal paratuberculos ... | 1993 | 8291762 |
| the thermal resistance of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in raw milk under conditions simulating pasteurization. | 1993 | 8286469 | |
| paratuberculosis in farmed deer: case reports and dna characterization of isolates of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis was isolated from farmed deer in new zealand on 21 occasions over a 7-year period. the number of cases increased during the last 3 years of the study. clinical paratuberculosis was observed in 5 deer, 3 other cases came from grossly normal animals that reacted to a tuberculin skin test, and the remaining 13 animals had tuberculous lesions that were identified at meat inspection. pathologic features of the lesions in these 13 cases included necrosis and mineralizati ... | 1993 | 8286456 |
| search for mycobacterium paratuberculosis dna in tissue from patients with sarcoidosis by enzymatic gene amplification. | the etiology of sarcoidosis has not yet been established, but several mycobacterial species have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this disease. we have used a nested primer polymerase chain reaction (pcr) specific for the is900 mycobacterium paratuberculosis insertion element to analyse paraffin-embedded mediastinal lymphoid tissue from 18 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis verified by mediastinoscopy. only the positive control contained m. paratuberculosis-specific dna. the present study ... | 1993 | 8286096 |
| accuracy and economics of the usda-licensed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for bovine paratuberculosis. | 1993 | 8276710 | |
| isolation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from mononuclear cells in tissues, blood, and mammary glands of cows with advanced paratuberculosis. | seven mature dairy cows from 6 herds were obtained with history, clinical signs of disease, and laboratory findings suggestive of advanced paratuberculosis. a surgically implanted collection chamber was used to obtain peripheral tissue fluid. blood, mammary gland flush fluid, and collection chamber flush fluid (ccff) samples were obtained 6 times over a 2-week period from each cow. mononuclear cell-rich portions of these fluids obtained by gradient centrifugation were submitted for bacteriologic ... | 1993 | 8239130 |
| control of johne's disease in a flock of sheep by vaccination. | 1993 | 8236728 | |
| the dangers of disease transmission by artificial insemination and embryo transfer. | this review summarizes the major infectious diseases of the three major agricultural species (cattle, sheep and pigs) and horses, and presents the evidence for and against the possibility of infectious agents being transmitted between animals via the venereal route or by the use of semen or early embryos in commercial artificial insemination (ai) or embryo transfer (et). cattle feature most prominently in the widespread distribution of frozen semen, and national and international organizations h ... | 1993 | 8221041 |
| use of rifabutin in treatment of systemic mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in mice. | balb/c mice were infected intraperitoneally with mycobacterium paratuberculosis and, after allowing the infection to progress for 30 days, were treated with rifabutin at 0, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg of body weight. rifabutin was administered in drinking water under conditions of water deprivation, whereby the entire daily dose was delivered within a 1-h period. animals were killed at biweekly intervals from time zero of treatment to 180 days. spleens and livers from each animal were examined by qua ... | 1993 | 8215277 |
| mycobacteria in the human intestine. | 1994 | 8200578 | |
| in vivo administration of a monoclonal antibody against the type i il-1 receptor inhibits the ability of mice to eliminate mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | the purpose of this study was to determine the influence of endogenous interleukin-1 (il-1) on resistance to paratuberculosis infection in experimentally infected gnotobiotic mice. following a 6-month treatment with prednisolone to facilitate bacillary multiplication, control mice substantially reduced the numbers of m. paratuberculosis in the liver and ileum. in contrast, mice injected with a monoclonal antibody against the type i il-1 receptor failed to reduce the numbers of m. paratuberculosi ... | 1994 | 8195697 |
| a rapid method for the extraction and detection of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from clinical specimens. | 1994 | 8178419 |