Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| clinical mastitis in ewes; bacteriology, epidemiology and clinical features. | clinical mastitis is an important disease in sheep. the objective of this work was to identify causal bacteria and study certain epidemiological and clinical features of clinical mastitis in ewes kept for meat and wool production. | 2007 | 17892567 |
| real-time multiplex pcr assay for rapid detection and toxintyping of clostridium perfringens toxin producing strains in feces of dairy cattle. | clostridium perfringens is an anaerobic, gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium associated with a wide variety of diseases in domestic animals and humans. we have developed dual-labeled fluorescence hybridization probe (taqman((r)))-based real-time multiplex pcr assay for detection of toxin genes alpha (cpa), beta (cpb), iota (ia), epsilon (etx), beta2 (cpb2) and enterotoxin (cpe) of c. perfringens directly from cattle feces. the assay was standardized using atcc reference strains of c. perfring ... | 2008 | 17890052 |
| genetic diversity of clostridium perfringens isolated from healthy broiler chickens at a commercial farm. | clostridium perfringens is an important commensal and bacterial pathogen of many animal species. it has particular significance in poultry, where it may cause necrotic enteritis. our objective was to characterize the population diversity of c. perfringens colonizing healthy birds, and to observe how diversity changed over time. isolates were obtained from broiler chicken cecal samples in two barns on a single farm, on days 7, 14, 22, 27, 30 and 34 of a single 42-day rearing cycle. bacitracin was ... | 2008 | 17888591 |
| images in clinical medicine. emphysematous cholecystitis. | 2007 | 17881755 | |
| ribosome protection prevents azithromycin-mediated quorum-sensing modulation and stationary-phase killing of pseudomonas aeruginosa. | in pseudomonas aeruginosa, azithromycin has been shown to reduce virulence factor production, to retard biofilm formation, and to exhibit bactericidal effects on stationary-phase cells. in this study we analyzed whether these azithromycin-mediated effects require interaction with the ribosome. we blocked the access of azithromycin to the ribosome in p. aeruginosa pao1 by expressing the 23s rrna methylase ermbp from clostridium perfringens. ribosome protection prevented the azithromycin-mediated ... | 2007 | 17876004 |
| [clostridium spp. isolated from surgical specimens]. | in the present study, the isolation rate of clostridium spp. from surgical specimens and its antimicrobial susceptibilities were examined. last 24 years, clostridium spp. was isolated from 65 (1.8%) out of 3,644 specimens from the surgical abdominal infections. clostridium spp. was most frequently isolated from secondary peritonitis such as perforated peritonitis, followed by hepato-biliary tract infection. there were 59 cases (90.8%) of mixed infection with clostridium spp. and other bacteria. ... | 2007 | 17867491 |
| real-time multiplex pcr assays for reliable detection of clostridium perfringens toxin genes in animal isolates. | typing of clostridium perfringens strains by pcr-based determination of toxin genes proved to be a reliable method for diagnosis of enterotoxaemia in various animal species. we report the establishment and validation of three real-time fluorogenic (taqman) multiplex pcrs for the detection of c. perfringens alpha-, beta-, beta2-, epsilon-, entero- and iota-toxin genes. the composition of the pcrs was chosen with regard to robustness of the assays and in order to increase sensitivity compared to t ... | 2008 | 17855025 |
| necrotic enteritis-producing strains of clostridium perfringens displace non-necrotic enteritis strains from the gut of chicks. | we inoculated broiler chicks with mixtures of clostridium perfringens strains to investigate the single strain dominance observed in natural cases of necrotic enteritis (ne) [nauerby, b., pedersen, k., madsen, m., 2003. analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of the genetic diversity among clostridium perfringens isolates from chickens. vet. microbiol. 94, 257-266]. pre-inoculation bacteriologic culture of chick intestines yielded up to six pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) types of c ... | 2008 | 17850994 |
| carbohydrate recognition by a large sialidase toxin from clostridium perfringens. | myonecrotic isolates of clostridium perfringens secrete multimodular sialidases, often termed "large sialidases", that contribute to the virulence of this bacterium. nanj is the largest of the two secreted sialidases at 1173 amino acids and comprises 6 different modules which are, from the n-terminus, a family 32 carbohydrate binding module (cbm), a family 40 cbm, a family 33 glycoside hydrolase, a module of unknown function, a family 82 "x-module" of unknown function, and a module with amino ac ... | 2007 | 17850114 |
| differences in developing intestinal microbiota between allergic and non-allergic infants: a pilot study in japan. | the bacterial compositions of feces were monitored in the first 2 months for 15 infants born in japan, including eight subjects who developed allergy by the age of 2 years. primer sets targeting six predominant bacterial groups in the infant intestine, bacteroidaceae, enterobacteriaceae, bifidobacteria, enterococci, lactobacilli, and the clostridium perfringens group, were used for real-time pcr to quantitate each population in the feces. the population of bacteroidaceae was significantly higher ... | 2007 | 17827672 |
| quantification of cell proliferation and alpha-toxin gene expression of clostridium perfringens in the development of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. | cell proliferation and alpha-toxin gene expression of clostridium perfringens in relation to the development of necrotic enteritis (ne) were investigated. unlike bacitracin-treated chickens, non-bacitracin-treated birds exhibited typical ne symptoms and reduced growth performance. they also demonstrated increased c. perfringens proliferation and alpha-toxin gene expression that were positively correlated and progressed according to the regression model y = b(0) + b(1)x - b(2)x(2). the average c. ... | 2007 | 17827329 |
| impact of feed supplementation with antimicrobial agents on growth performance of broiler chickens, clostridium perfringens and enterococcus counts, and antibiotic resistance phenotypes and distribution of antimicrobial resistance determinants in escherichia coli isolates. | the effects of feed supplementation with the approved antimicrobial agents bambermycin, penicillin, salinomycin, and bacitracin or a combination of salinomycin plus bacitracin were evaluated for the incidence and distribution of antibiotic resistance in 197 commensal escherichia coli isolates from broiler chickens over 35 days. all isolates showed some degree of multiple antibiotic resistance. resistance to tetracycline (68.5%), amoxicillin (61.4%), ceftiofur (51.3%), spectinomycin (47.2%), and ... | 2007 | 17827305 |
| clostridium perfringens enterotoxin as a novel-targeted therapeutic for brain metastasis. | brain metastasis is the most commonly occurring intracranial tumor whose incidence seems to be increasing. with standard therapy, the average survival time of patients is approximately 8 months, and treatment often leads to neurologic dysfunction in long-term survivors, emphasizing the need for novel therapeutics. clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe) has recently been shown to rapidly and specifically destroy cancer cells expressing cpe receptors claudin-3 and claudin-4. unfortunately, the ... | 2007 | 17804705 |
| estimating microbial growth parameters from non-isothermal data: a case study with clostridium perfringens. | microbial growth parameters are usually calculated from the fit of a growth model to a set of isothermal growth data gathered at several temperatures. in principle at least, it is also possible to derive them from non-isothermal ('dynamic') growth data. this requires the numerical solution of a rate model whose coefficients are nested terms that include the temperature profile. the methodology is demonstrated with simulated non-isothermal growth data on which random noise had been superimposed t ... | 2007 | 17804106 |
| a systematic review of the clinical, public health and cost-effectiveness of rapid diagnostic tests for the detection and identification of bacterial intestinal pathogens in faeces and food. | to determine the diagnostic accuracy of tests for the rapid diagnosis of bacterial food poisoning in clinical and public health practice and to estimate the cost-effectiveness of these assays in a hypothetical population in order to inform policy on the use of these tests. | 2007 | 17803865 |
| effect of a small, acid-soluble spore protein from clostridium perfringens on the resistance properties of bacillus subtilis spores. | alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble spore proteins (sasp) are essential for the resistance of dna in spores of bacillus species to damage. an alpha/beta-type sasp, ssp2, from clostridium perfringens was expressed at significant levels in b. subtilis spores lacking one or both major alpha/beta-type sasp (alpha- and alpha- beta- strains, respectively). ssp2 restored some of the resistance of alpha- beta- spores to uv and nitrous acid and of alpha- spores to dry heat. ssp2 also restored much of the ... | 2007 | 17766414 |
| [clostridial sepsis and gas gangrene of the abdominal wall after cholecystectomy]. | clostridial sepsis is a rare complication after intraabdominal operations, mostly fatal. according to our knowledge only two papers describing clostridial sepsis as postoperative complication in 4 patients were published in the czech literature, only one of them survived. authors present a case report of patient operated on for cholecystolithiasis and obstructive icterus where within 48 hours after cholecystectomy the clostridial sepsis and gas gangrene of the abdominal wall developed and that w ... | 2007 | 17722850 |
| prevalence of enterotoxin producing staphylococcus aureus in stools of patients with nosocomial diarrhea. | nosocomial diarrhea causes prolonged hospital stay leading to additional diagnostic and therapeutic procedures resulting in higher costs. a total of 20%-25% of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (aad) cases are attributed to clostridium difficile. other microorganisms like clostridium perfringens and staphylococcus aureus are discussed to be associated with aad. | 2007 | 17721737 |
| quality assessment and microbiologic screening of donor corneas. | to identify possible predictors of donor corneal contamination. | 2007 | 17721295 |
| tcpa, an ftsk/spoiiie homolog, is essential for transfer of the conjugative plasmid pcw3 in clostridium perfringens. | the conjugative tetracycline resistance plasmid pcw3 is the paradigm conjugative plasmid in the anaerobic gram-positive pathogen clostridium perfringens. two closely related ftsk/spoiiie homologs, tcpa and tcpb, are encoded on pcw3, which is significant since ftsk domains are found in coupling proteins of gram-negative conjugation systems. to develop an understanding of the mechanism of conjugative transfer in c. perfringens, we determined the role of these proteins in the conjugation process. m ... | 2007 | 17720795 |
| epsilon-toxin plasmids of clostridium perfringens type d are conjugative. | isolates of clostridium perfringens type d produce the potent epsilon-toxin (a cdc/u.s. department of agriculture overlap class b select agent) and are responsible for several economically significant enterotoxemias of domestic livestock. it is well established that the epsilon-toxin structural gene, etx, occurs on large plasmids. we show here that at least two of these plasmids are conjugative. the etx gene on these plasmids was insertionally inactivated using a chloramphenicol resistance casse ... | 2007 | 17720791 |
| pneumobilia caused by a clostridial liver abscess: rapid diagnosis by bedside sonography in the intensive care unit. | 2007 | 17715325 | |
| neutral detergent-soluble fiber improves gut barrier function in twenty-five-day-old weaned rabbits. | the effect of neutral detergent-soluble fiber level on gut barrier function and intestinal microbiota was examined in weaned rabbits. a control diet (ah) containing 103 g of neutral detergent-soluble fiber/ kg of dm included alfalfa hay as main source of fiber. another diet (b-ap) was formulated by replacing half of the alfalfa hay with a mixture of beet and apple pulp resulting in 131 g of soluble fiber/kg of dm. a third diet (oh) was obtained by substituting half of the alfalfa hay with a mix ... | 2007 | 17709783 |
| the effect of herbs and their associated essential oils on performance, dietary digestibility and gut microflora in chickens from 7 to 28 days of age. | 1. the effect of the dietary inclusion of 5 culinary herbs or their essential oils on the growth, digestibility and intestinal microflora status in female broiler chicks was assessed. from 7 to 28 d of age, either a basal control diet without supplement was given or one of 10 others, consisting of the basal diet with either 10 g/kg herb (thyme, oregano, marjoram, rosemary or yarrow) or 1 g/kg of essential oil. 2. body mass (bm) and feed consumption (afc) were measured on a weekly basis and used ... | 2007 | 17701503 |
| an observation of clostridium perfringens in greater sage-grouse. | mortality due to infectious diseases is seldom reported in the greater sage-grouse (centrocercus urophasianus). a case of necrotic enteritis associated with clostridium perfringens type a is described in a free-ranging adult male sage-grouse in eastern oregon. clostridial enteritis is known to cause outbreaks of mortality in various domestic and wild birds, and should be considered as a potential cause of mortality in sage-grouse populations. | 2007 | 17699098 |
| the effect of probiotic fermented milk and inulin on the functions and microecology of the intestine. | we investigated the effects of a probiotic fermented milk and inulin on gastrointestinal function and microecology. the study was double-blinded and comprised 66 healthy adults (22 male, 44 female), mean age 40 years (range, 22-60 years). after a 12-d baseline period the subjects were randomized to consume, for 3 weeks, 3x200 ml daily of either (1) a fermented milk with probiotics (bifidobacterium longum bb536, bifidobacterium spp. 420 and lactobacillus acidophilus 145), (2) a fermented milk wit ... | 2007 | 17692137 |
| enteritis necroticans 'pigbel' in a japanese diabetic adult. | enteritis necroticans 'pigbel' is caused by clostridium perfringens type c but has rarely been reported in developed countries. a 50-year-old japanese man with untreated diabetes mellitus (dm) presented with diarrhea and abdominal pain. intraoperative endoscopic and macroscopic examination disclosed segmental annular mucosal lesions characteristic of clostridial enteritis. clostridial infection type c was verified on pathological, and immunohistochemical analysis. although rare, the disease is l ... | 2007 | 17685936 |
| influence of peptone source on sporulation of clostridium perfringens type a. | clostridium perfringens is a foodborne disease agent that produces a sporulation-specific enterotoxin. to produce enterotoxin for experimental purposes or spores for challenge or physiological studies, the use of a convenient sporulation medium is required. the most commonly used is duncan-strong medium. few isolates sporulate at high levels in this medium. we investigated the effectiveness of peptones from a variety of sources on the sporulation of this organism compared with the peptone in the ... | 2007 | 17685351 |
| impact of polysialylated cd56 on natural killer cell cytotoxicity. | siglec-7, a sialic acid binding inhibitory receptor expressed by nk cells is masked in vivo by a so far unknown ligand. it shows a strong binding prevalence for alpha-2,8-linked disialic acids in vitro. | 2007 | 17683591 |
| a case of endogenous clostridium perfringens endophthalmitis in an intravenous drug abuser. | 2007 | 17676024 | |
| puerperal clostridium perfringens sepsis in a patient with granulocytopenia. | we present a lethal case of fulminant puerperal sepsis with massive hemolysis after cesarean section in a patient with intermittent granulocytopenia. | 2008 | 17675887 |
| histone modifications induced by a family of bacterial toxins. | upon infection, pathogens reprogram host gene expression. in eukaryotic cells, genetic reprogramming is induced by the concerted activation/repression of transcription factors and various histone modifications that control dna accessibility in chromatin. we report here that the bacterial pathogen listeria monocytogenes induces a dramatic dephosphorylation of histone h3 as well as a deacetylation of histone h4 during early phases of infection. this effect is mediated by the major listerial toxin ... | 2007 | 17675409 |
| pathogen and indicator variability in a heavily impacted watershed. | water samples were collected from 36 locations within the grand river watershed, in southwestern ontario, canada from july 2002 to december 2003 and were analyzed for total coliforms, fecal coliforms, escherichia coli, escherichia coli o157:h7, and thermophilic campylobacter spp. a subset of samples was also analyzed for cryptosporidium spp., giardia spp., culturable human enteric viruses, and clostridium perfringens. storm and snowmelt events were sampled at two locations including a drinking w ... | 2007 | 17674573 |
| cholesterol reporter molecules. | cholesterol is a major constituent of the membranes in most eukaryotic cells where it fulfills multiple functions. cholesterol regulates the physical state of the phospholipid bilayer, affects the activity of several membrane proteins, and is the precursor for steroid hormones and bile acids. cholesterol plays a crucial role in the formation of membrane microdomains such as "lipid rafts" and caveolae. however, our current understanding on the membrane organization, intracellular distribution and ... | 2007 | 17668316 |
| behaviour of pathogenic and indicator bacteria during urban wastewater treatment and sludge composting, as revealed by quantitative pcr. | two enteric pathogens, salmonella spp. and campylobacter jejuni, and two bacteria commonly used as indicators, escherichia coli and clostridium perfringens, were monitored using quantitative real-time pcr during municipal wastewater treatment and sludge composting. the results were compared with those obtained using standard culture methods. a reduction of all bacteria was observed during wastewater treatment and during the thermophilic phase of composting. however, the bacterial groups studied ... | 2008 | 17659319 |
| gangrenous clostridium perfringens infection and subsequent wound management in a rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta). | a 10-y-old female rhesus macaque presented acutely with 3 large (diameter, greater than 4 cm), malodorous, ulcerogangrenous skin wounds on the left caudal thigh and calf. limb radiographs revealed free gas infiltrating deep tissues, and histologic examination confirmed myonecrosis. clostridium perfringens, staphylococcus aureus, and prevotella intermedia were isolated from the wounds. antimicrobials, analgesics, and aggressive debridement of necrotic skin and muscle resulted in immediate clinica ... | 2007 | 17645300 |
| a dose-response evaluation of spray-dried yeast cell wall supplementation of diets fed to adult dogs: effects on nutrient digestibility, immune indices, and fecal microbial populations. | the yeast cell wall (ycw) preparation, safmannan, was evaluated as a dietary supplement for adult dogs. using a 5 x 5 latin square design with 14-d periods, adult dogs cannulated in the terminal ileum were supplemented with 0, 0.05, 0.25, 0.45, or 0.65% ycw based on daily food allowance. apparent ileal nutrient digestibility responded cubically (p = 0.07 to 0.10) to ycw supplementation. ileal nutrient digestibility tended (p = 0.09) to be greater with ycw supplementation compared with control. a ... | 2007 | 17644789 |
| noncompacted foamy heart in suspected mitochondrial disorder. | 2008 | 17643518 | |
| bacteriological studies of gas gangrene and related infections. | gas gangrene, a life threatening condition is predominantly caused by clostridium spp. over a five year period (1996-2000), 580 wound swabs were processed from patients who had vehicular accidents with crush injury. the specimens were processed for anaerobic and aerobic organisms by standard laboratory techniques. of the 580 swabs, 55(9.48%) were primary smear positive for spore bearing bacteria, of which 48 grew clostridium spp. they were the sole anaerobic isolates in 30 patients (62.5%) where ... | 2003 | 17643021 |
| antibiotic associated diarrhoea: infectious causes. | nearly 25% of antibiotic associated diarrhoeas (aad) is caused by clostridium difficile, making it the commonest identified and treatable pathogen. other pathogens implicated infrequently include clostridium perfringens, staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella oxytoca, candida spp. and salmonella spp. most mild cases of aad are due to non-infectious causes which include reduced break down of primary bile acids and decrease metabolism of carbohydrates, allergic or toxic effects of antibiotic on intesti ... | 2003 | 17642966 |
| bacteriology of diabetic foot lesions. | clinical grading and bacteriological study of 107 patients with diabetic foot lesions revealed polymicrobial aetiology in 69 (64.4%) and single aetiology in 21 (19.6%). among 107 patients 62 had ulcer. of these 31 had mixed aerobes. twenty six patients with cellulitis and 12 with gangrene had more than 5 types of aerobes and anaerobes such as e. coli, klebsiella spp., pseudomonas spp., proteus spp., enterobactor spp., enterococci spp., clostridium perfringens, bacteroides spp., prevotella spp. a ... | 2004 | 17642727 |
| immunization of broiler chickens against clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis. | necrotic enteritis (ne) in broiler chickens is caused by clostridium perfringens. currently, no vaccine against ne is available and immunity to ne is not well characterized. our previous studies showed that immunity to ne followed oral infection by virulent rather than avirulent c. perfringens strains and identified immunogenic secreted proteins apparently uniquely produced by virulent c. perfringens isolates. these proteins were alpha-toxin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate:fe ... | 2007 | 17634510 |
| assessment of faecal contamination and the relationship between pathogens and faecal bacterial indicators in an estuarine environment (seine, france). | the seine estuary, one of the largest estuaries of the european northwest continental shelf, is subjected to numerous anthropogenic influences. here we present an assessment of the microbial faecal contamination of the estuary water. the most vulnerable areas were defined on the basis of the fluxes of indicator organisms and the occurrence of salmonella and cryptosporidium sp. and giardia sp. (oo)cysts. the microbial quality of the water changes from upstream to downstream: in the upstream area, ... | 2007 | 17631359 |
| pathological findings in harbour seals (phoca vitulina): 1996-2005. | between 1996 and 2005 the carcasses of 355 harbour seals originating from the coast of schleswig-holstein, germany, were investigated for pathological changes. the animals were collected before (n=280) and after (n=75) the second phocine distemper virus (pdv) epizootic in 2002. the seals were either found dead or were killed due to severe illness. necropsy was performed in each case, in addition to histopathological, immunohistochemical, microbiological and parasitological examinations. througho ... | 2007 | 17629967 |
| dietary lactose and its effect on the disease condition of necrotic enteritis. | clostridium perfringens is the etiologic agent of necrotic enteritis (ne) and is ubiquitous in nature. the incidence of ne has increased in countries and commercial companies that have stopped using antibiotic growth promoters. the mechanisms of colonization of c. perfringens and the factors involved in onset of ne are not fully understood. previously, our laboratory has demonstrated that lactose could potentially reduce salmonella and c. perfringens in ceca of poultry. in the present investigat ... | 2007 | 17626810 |
| [chronic neutropenia - experience from the department of immunology, children's memorial health institute]. | chronic neutropenia (cn) is defined by an absolute neutrophil count (anc) below 1500/ul, lasting at least 6 months. | 2007 | 17625284 |
| clostridial wound infection following reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament using bone-patella-bone autograft. | a 27-year-old rugby player underwent anterior cruciate ligament (acl) reconstruction, using autograft. postoperatively, septic arthritis was missed due to atypical presentation but diagnosed 2 days later and underwent open arthrotomy and lavage, he received antibiotics for 5 weeks. aspirate showed clostridium perfringens. later, extension lag was developed, which improved by arthroscopic excision of fibrous tissue and adhesions. the source of clostridial contamination remained a mystery. skin pr ... | 2007 | 17623592 |
| nucleoside analogues are activated by bacterial deoxyribonucleoside kinases in a species-specific manner. | to investigate the bactericidal activity of antiviral and anticancer nucleoside analogues against a variety of pathogenic bacteria and characterize the activating enzymes, deoxyribonucleoside kinases (dnks). | 2007 | 17615154 |
| ileal pelvic pouch microbiota from two former ulcerative colitis patients, analysed by dna-based methods, were unstable over time and showed the presence of clostridium perfringens. | ileal pouch anal anastomosis (ipaa) is the preferred method for restorative surgery in patients with ulcerative colitis who have to undergo proctocolectomy. the most common complication is pouchitis and several studies have pointed to the microbiota of the pouch as being a risk factor. the aim of this study was to follow the development of the bacterial microbiota in pouches during the first year. | 2007 | 17613928 |
| use of calcium, potassium, and sodium lactates to control germination and outgrowth of clostridium perfringens spores during chilling of injected pork. | inhibition of clostridium perfringens spore germination and outgrowth during abusive chilling regimes was investigated by the incorporation of lactates of calcium (cal), potassium (kl) and sodium (nal) in injected pork. lactates (ca, k, or na) were incorporated into injected pork samples at four different concentrations (1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 4.8%), along with a no-lactate control. a three-strain cocktail of c. perfringens spores was inoculated into the product (injected pork) to obtain a final ... | 2007 | 17613365 |
| clostridium perfringens and its toxins in minced meat from kars, turkey. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of clostridium perfringens and its toxins in minced meat. a total of 96 minced meat samples were collected from local markets (16) and small butcher's shops (80) in kars (turkey). samples were analysed for the presence of c. perfringens and its toxins using a commercially available elisa kit. a total of 31 (32%) clostridium spp. strains were isolated and 17 (55%) of these isolates were identified as c. perfringens. four (25%) of the samples f ... | 2007 | 17613051 |
| production of small, acid-soluble spore proteins in clostridium perfringens nonfoodborne gastrointestinal disease isolates. | the molecular basis for the differences in heat resistance between spores of clostridium perfringens food-borne versus nonfoodborne isolates remains unknown. since a recent study demonstrated the role of small, acid-soluble spore proteins (sasps) in heat resistance of spores of food-borne isolates, in the current study, we evaluated the expression of sasp-encoding genes (ssp) and the production of sasps in nonfoodborne isolates. our results demonstrated the presence of all three ssp genes in fiv ... | 2007 | 17612607 |
| control of clostridium perfringens spores by green tea leaf extracts during cooling of cooked ground beef, chicken, and pork. | we investigated the inhibition of clostridium perfringens spore germination and outgrowth by two green tea extracts with low (green tea leaf powder [gtl]; 141 mg of total catechins per g of green tea extract) and high (green tea leaf extract [gte]; 697 mg of total catechins per g of extract) catechin levels during abusive chilling of retail cooked ground beef, chicken, and pork. green tea extracts were mixed into the thawed beef, chicken, and pork at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0% (wt/ wt) ... | 2007 | 17612073 |
| analysis of protection afforded by a clostridium perfringens alpha-toxoid against heterologous clostridial phospholipases c. | the major virulence determinant in clostridial myonecrosis caused by clostridium perfringens is a phospholipase c (plc), the alpha-toxin. previously, mice have been protected against challenge with heterologous alpha-toxin or clostridium perfringens spores by immunisation with the c-domain (known as cpa(247-370) or alpha-toxoid) of the alpha-toxin. in this study, we have determined the ability of the alpha-toxoid to protect against the lethal effects of a divergent c. perfringens alpha-toxin and ... | 2007 | 17604945 |
| compositional and stoichiometric analysis of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin complexes in caco-2 cells and claudin 4 fibroblast transfectants. | clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe) binds to host cell receptors, forming a small complex precursor for two large complexes reportedly having molecular masses of approximately 155 or approximately 200 kda. formation of the approximately 155 kda complex causes a ca(2+) influx that leads to apoptosis or oncosis. cpe complex composition is currently poorly understood, although occludin was identified in the approximately 200 kda complex. the current study used heteromer gel shift analysis to ... | 2007 | 17587331 |
| experimental infections with rifampicin-resistant clostridium perfringens strains in broiler chickens using isolator facilities. | experimental infection studies were carried out on the ability of three clostridium perfringens type a rifampicin-resistant strains to colonize the intestinal tract of broiler chickens kept in isolators from 1-day-old. various doses of c. perfringens were given orally at 22 days, 9 days or at 1 day old. at 22 days none of the strains, given in doses of approximately 10(10) colony-forming units, caused mortality or clinical necrotic enteritis. none was able to colonize the intestine permanently a ... | 2003 | 17585464 |
| prevention of transfusion of platelet components contaminated with low levels of bacteria: a comparison of bacteria culture and pathogen inactivation methods. | this study compared the efficacy of bacterial detection with inactivation for reducing the risk associated with transfusion of platelet (plt) components contaminated with low levels of bacteria. | 2007 | 17581146 |
| distribution of clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin in the brains of acutely intoxicated mice and its effect upon glial cells. | epsilon toxin (epsilon-toxin), produced by clostridium perfringens types b and d, causes fatal enterotoxaemia in livestock. the disease is principally manifested as severe and often fatal neurological disturbance. oedema of several organs, including the brain, is also a clinical sign related to microvascular damage. recombinant epsilon-toxin-green fluorescence protein (epsilon-toxin-gfp) and epsilon-prototoxin-gfp have already been characterised as useful tools to track their distribution in int ... | 2007 | 17572464 |
| pore-forming epsilon toxin causes membrane permeabilization and rapid atp depletion-mediated cell death in renal collecting duct cells. | clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (et) is a potent pore-forming cytotoxin causing fatal enterotoxemia in livestock. et accumulates in brain and kidney, particularly in the renal distal-collecting ducts. et binds and oligomerizes in detergent-resistant membranes (drms) microdomains and causes cell death. however, the causal linkage between membrane permeabilization and cell death is not clear. here, we show that et binds and forms 220-kda insoluble complexes in plasma membrane drms of renal m ... | 2007 | 17567938 |
| removal of proteases from clostridium perfringens fermented broth by aqueous two-phase systems (peg/citrate). | in order to reduce the toxicity of clostridium perfringens fermentation broths used in vaccine preparation, we developed two-phase aqueous systems for removal of toxin-activating proteases. removal of the proteases inhibits the conversion of protoxin to active toxin. in order to establish the conditions under which the phase separation occurs, binodal curves, formed by poly(ethylene glycol) (peg) and sodium citrate, were investigated at different values of ph and peg molar mass. a 2(4)-experimen ... | 2007 | 17566805 |
| development and application of an oral challenge mouse model for studying clostridium perfringens type d infection. | clostridium perfringens type d isolates cause enterotoxemia in sheep, goats, and probably cattle. while the major disease signs and lesions of type d animal disease are usually attributed to epsilon toxin, a class b select agent, these bacteria typically produce several lethal toxins. understanding of disease pathogenesis and development of improved vaccines are hindered by the lack of a small-animal model mimicking natural disease caused by type d isolates. addressing this need, we developed an ... | 2007 | 17562765 |
| purification of the recombinant beta2 toxin (cpb2) from an enterotoxaemic bovine clostridium perfringens strain and production of a specific immune serum. | overgrowth of clostridium perfringens clones with production of one or more of its toxin(s) results in diverse digestive and systemic pathologies in human and animals, such as cattle enterotoxaemia. the so-called beta2 toxin (cpb2) is the most recently described major toxin produced by c. perfringens. in this study, the cpb2 orf (cpb2fm) from a cattle c. perfringens-associated enterotoxaemia was cloned and sequenced. the cpb2fm and its deduced nucleotide sequence clearly corresponded to the cpb2 ... | 2007 | 17562369 |
| the effect of multifunctional polymer-based gels on wound healing in full thickness bacteria-contaminated mouse skin wound models. | we determined whether a two-part space-conforming polyethylene glycol/dopa polymer-based gel promoted healing of contaminated wounds in mice. this silver-catalysed gel was previously developed to be broadly microbiocidal in vitro while being biocompatible with human wound cell functioning. full-thickness wounds were created on the backs of mice. the wounds were inoculated with 10(4) cfu of each of four common skin wound contaminants, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter b ... | 2007 | 17561250 |
| clostridium perfringens type d enterotoxaemia in neonatal lambs. | 2007 | 17558035 | |
| civilian gas gangrene: a clinical challenge. | gas gangrene due to clostridia infections is commonly seen in war injuries and is much less commonly seen in civilian life. when such problems do occur, they present a challenge to the surgeon due to the associated high morbidity and mortality associated. a case is presented where a patient developed gas gangrene in a limb consequent to trauma that had been treated surgically. it is vital to make a correct diagnosis at the earliest to limit disease progression and to avoid complications. | 2007 | 17558007 |
| prevalence of selected enteropathogenic bacteria in hungarian finishing pigs. | the aim of this study was to obtain prevalence estimates about the most important enteropathogenic bacteria: lawsonia intracellularis, brachyspira hyodysenteriae, brachyspira pilosicoli, salmonella enterica and clostridium perfringens a and c in hungarian farrow-to-finish pig herds. a total of 31 herds were selected, from where six pooled faecal samples, each containing three individual rectal faecal samples were collected from fattening pigs of 5-6 months of age. all 186 samples were examined b ... | 2007 | 17555287 |
| expression, crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of recombinant clostridium perfringens beta 2-toxin. | clostridium perfringens is a gram-positive sporulating anaerobic bacterium that is responsible for a wide spectrum of diseases in animals, birds and humans. the virulence of c. perfringens is associated with the production of several enterotoxins and exotoxins. beta2-toxin is a 28 kda exotoxin produced by c. perfringens. it is implicated in necrotic enteritis in animals and humans, a disease characterized by a sudden acute onset with lethal hemorrhagic mucosal ulceration. the recombinant express ... | 2007 | 17554168 |
| conformational changes that effect oligomerization and initiate pore formation are triggered throughout perfringolysin o upon binding to cholesterol. | pore formation by the cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (cdcs) requires the presence of cholesterol in the target membrane. cholesterol was long thought to be the cellular receptor for these toxins, but not all cdcs require cholesterol for binding. intermedilysin, secreted by streptococcus intermedius, only binds to membranes containing the human protein cd59 but forms pores only if the membrane contains sufficient cholesterol. in contrast, perfringolysin o (pfo), secreted by clostridium perfring ... | 2007 | 17553799 |
| disruption of a toxin gene by introduction of a foreign gene into the chromosome of clostridium perfringens using targetron-induced mutagenesis. | clostridium perfringens (c. perfringens) has been developed as a potential oral delivery vehicle to deliver antigens or therapeutic compounds to gut-associated lymphoid tissue (galt). however, this recombinant c. perfringens carries a plasmid-encoded expression system, which raises several safety concerns regarding possible horizontal plasmid transfer and spread of plasmid-associated antibiotic resistant genes. furthermore, this bacterium produces the extracellular theta toxin, which poses a pot ... | 2007 | 17553563 |
| overexpression of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin receptors claudin-3 and claudin-4 in uterine carcinosarcomas. | to evaluate the expression levels of claudin-3 and claudin-4, the low- and high-affinity receptors, respectively, for the cytotoxic clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe) in uterine carcinosarcomas and explore the potential for targeting these receptors in the treatment of this aggressive uterine tumor. | 2007 | 17545541 |
| soluble cd14 and cd83 from human neonatal antigen-presenting cells are inducible by commensal bacteria and suppress allergen-induced human neonatal th2 differentiation. | cd14 is expressed on the cell surface of various antigen-presenting cells, and cd83 is a maturation marker for dendritic cells (dc). cd14 and cd83 are also present as soluble proteins, and both have immunoregulatory functions. we examined whether neonatal cord blood monocytes or dc released soluble cd14 (scd14) or scd83 when exposed to the commensal intestinal bacteria clostridium perfringens, staphylococcus aureus, lactobacillus rhamnosus, escherichia coli, and bacteroides fragilis. we found th ... | 2007 | 17526743 |
| enteric peritonitis caused by clostridium perfringens in peritoneal dialysis. | peritonitis is a common complication in peritoneal dialysis (pd). epidemiology of the causative organism varied over time, but anaerobes are still extremely rare. we describe a second reported case of clostridium perfringens peritonitis in a peritoneal dialysis patient since 1998. the patient presented with pd-related peritonitis that did not respond to the antibiotic choice recommended by the international society of peritoneal dialysis guidelines. we used piperacillin/tazobactam with good resu ... | 2007 | 17526384 |
| dietary encapsulated glycine influences clostridium perfringens and lactobacilli growth in the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens. | three experiments were conducted to determine whether there is a causative relation between dietary glycine concentration and intestinal clostridium perfringens growth in broiler chickens. expt. 1 showed that glycine concentrations were higher (p < 0.05) in jejunum and ileum of birds fed fat-encapsulated glycine compared with crystalline glycine. in expt. 2, 2 cages of 6 birds were assigned to 1 of 6 experimental diets formulated to contain 7.6 and 10.6, 17.8 and 40.6, 27.8 and 30.6, 37.8 and 20 ... | 2007 | 17513399 |
| infection in a leukemia patient. | 2007 | 17508499 | |
| relationships between bacteroides 16s rrna genetic markers and presence of bacterial enteric pathogens and conventional fecal indicators. | occurrence and prevalence of different bacterial enteric pathogens as well as their relationships with conventional (total and fecal coliforms) and alternative fecal indicators (host-specific bacteroides 16s rrna genetic markers) were investigated for various water samples taken from different sites with different degrees of fecal contamination. the results showed that a wide range of bacterial pathogens could be detected in both municipal wastewater treatment plant samples and in surface water ... | 2007 | 17507075 |
| aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of the immersion chilling procedure during poultry processing. | the development of treatments to reduce bacterial numbers on poultry carcasses is important for the overall hygienic quality of birds. the important washing effect of the immersion chilling procedure is discussed. systematic monitoring of fecal bacterial indicators as well as some classic pathogens was performed at selected critical points in a water chiller ecosystem. clostridium perfringens, fecal coliforms, enterococcus sp., and streptococcus sp. were found in all water chiller samples. the t ... | 2007 | 17495095 |
| spontaneous clostridium perfringens myonecrosis of the shoulder: a case report. | clostridium perfringens is a rare, life-threatening infection. we present an atypical evolution of spontaneous clostridium perfringens myonecrosis in a monitored healthy patient. after a head injury, the hemodynamically stable patient became febrile and grew cultures of clostridium perfringens with no identifiable focus. antibiotics were initiated. seventy-two hours after culture results, the patient complained of shoulder pain and imaging revealed periscapular subcutaneous emphysema. multiple s ... | 2007 | 17483728 |
| multistate evaluation of an ultrafiltration-based procedure for simultaneous recovery of enteric microbes in 100-liter tap water samples. | ultrafiltration (uf) is increasingly being recognized as a potentially effective procedure for concentrating and recovering microbes from large volumes of water and treated wastewater. because of their very small pore sizes, uf membranes are capable of simultaneously concentrating viruses, bacteria, and parasites based on size exclusion. in this study, a uf-based water sampling procedure was used to simultaneously recover representatives of these three microbial classes seeded into 100-liter sam ... | 2007 | 17483281 |
| microbiological safety of retail vacuum-packed and modified-atmosphere-packed cooked meats at end of shelf life. | a study of retail modified-atmosphere-packed and vacuum-packed cooked ready-to-eat meats was undertaken from september through mid-november 2003 to determine the microbiological quality at the end of shelf life and to establish any risk factors in the production, storage, and display of this product. examination of 2,981 samples using microbiological guidelines criteria revealed that 66% were of satisfactory or acceptable microbiology quality, 33% were of unsatisfactory quality mainly due to hig ... | 2007 | 17477265 |
| inhibition of germination and outgrowth of clostridium perfringens spores by lactic acid salts during cooling of injected turkey. | inhibition of clostridium perfringens spore germination and outgrowth by lactic acid salts (calcium, potassium, and sodium) during exponential cooling of injected turkey product was evaluated. injected turkey samples containing calcium lactate, potassium lactate, or sodium lactate (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, or 4.8% [w/w]), along with a control (product without lactate), were inoculated with a three-strain cocktail of c. perfringens spores to achieve a final spore population of 2.5 to 3.0 log cfu/g. the ino ... | 2007 | 17477262 |
| effect of a lactobacillus animalis strain on composition and metabolism of the intestinal microflora in adult dogs. | probiotics are microorganisms that are added to food to exert beneficial effects on the host. aim of the present study was the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the effect of lactobacillus animalis la4 (isolated from the faeces of a healthy adult dog) on composition and metabolism of dog intestinal microflora. when added to dog faecal cultures, la4 reduced enterococci and increased lactobacilli counts throughout the study, whereas c. perfringens counts were significantly reduced at 24 h. after ... | 2007 | 17462835 |
| application of real-time quantitative pcr for the detection of selected bacterial pathogens during municipal wastewater treatment. | bacteria were detected at five stages of municipal wastewater treatment using taqman(r) real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr). thirteen probe and primer sets were tested for diverse pathogens that may be present in wastewater, including aeromonas hydrophila, bacillus cereus, clostridium perfringens, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, e. coli o157:h7, helicobacter pylori, klebsiella pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila, listeria monocytogenes, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella sp., and staphyloc ... | 2007 | 17462712 |
| claudin-4 overexpression in epithelial ovarian cancer is associated with hypomethylation and is a potential target for modulation of tight junction barrier function using a c-terminal fragment of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. | claudin-4, a tight junction (tj) protein and receptor for the c-terminal fragment of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (c-cpe), is overexpressed in epithelial ovarian cancer (eoc). previous research suggests dna methylation is a mechanism for claudin-4 overexpression in cancer and that c-cpe acts as an absorption-enhancing agent in claudin-4-expressing cells. we sought to correlate claudin-4 overexpression in eoc with clinical outcomes and tj barrier function, investigate dna methylation as a ... | 2007 | 17460774 |
| mortality in pennsylvania captive elk (cervus elaphus): 1998-2006. | the necropsy records of 65 elk ranging from 1 day to 13(1/2) years of age were reviewed to determine the primary cause of death of each animal. the animal carcasses were submitted from 22 separate pennsylvania elk farms over an approximately 8-year period. the most common causes of mortality in animals in which the cause of death was determined were gastrointestinal parasitism (21 cases), pneumonia (7 cases), enterocolitis (5 cases), malnutrition (5 cases), and rumenitis/acidosis (5 cases). the ... | 2007 | 17459871 |
| toxinotypes of clostridium perfringens isolated from sick and healthy avian species. | currently, the factors/toxins responsible for clostridium perfringens-associated avian enteritis are not well understood. to assess whether specific c. perfringens' toxinotypes are associated with avian enteritis, the isolates of c. perfringens from 31 cases of avian necrotic or ulcerative enteritis submitted between 1997 and 2005 were selected for retrospective analysis using multiplex pcr. c. perfringens was isolated from chickens, turkeys, quail, and psittacines. the toxinotypes of isolates f ... | 2007 | 17459870 |
| the role of neutrophils and monocytic cells in controlling the initiation of clostridium perfringens gas gangrene. | clostridium perfringens is a common cause of the fatal disease gas gangrene (myonecrosis). established gas gangrene is notable for a profound absence of neutrophils and monocytic cells (phagocytes), and it has been suggested that the bactericidal activities of these cells play an insignificant role in controlling the progression of the infection. however, large inocula of bacteria are needed to establish an infection in experimental animals, suggesting phagocytes may play a role in inhibiting th ... | 2007 | 17428305 |
| the enteritis complex in domestic rabbits: a field study. | a study of the causative agents of enteritis in domestic rabbits from 44 different accessions is described. in descending order of frequency, the organisms most commonly demonstrated were intestinal and hepatic coccidia (eimeria species), escherichia coli, clostridium spp., salmonella, bacillus piliformis, and rotavirus. the species of eimeria identified included those moderately pathogenic and coccidia of low pathogenicity. using seven antisera against known enterpathogenic strains of e. coli, ... | 1993 | 17424177 |
| ontario. death due to clostridium perfringens type d enterotoxemia in adult ewes. | 1993 | 17424152 | |
| acute gangrenous mastitis due to clostridium perfringens type a and escherichia coli in a cow. | 1990 | 17423631 | |
| necrohemorrhagic enterocolitis caused by clostridium perfringens type c in a foal. | 1990 | 17423608 | |
| a study of hepatic lesions in broiler chickens at processing plants in saskatchewan. | a detailed descriptive study was done on broiler chickens with abnormal livers found at processing. two syndromes were evident: those birds with enlarged, pale, firm livers, designated hepatosis, with clostridium perfringens type a often isolated; and ascitic birds with cobblestone-appearing livers. livers with hepatosis had marked proliferation of bile ducts; ascitic livers had normal architecture. hearts from birds with ascites had elevated right ventricular/total ventricular weight ratios, wh ... | 1990 | 17423489 |
| clostridium perfringens type c enterotoxemia. | forms of enteric disease caused by clostridium perfringens type c are critically reviewed with emphasis on practical aspects and recent research findings. available data indicate that more animal species may be fatally infected by type c of this organism than by any other type of c. perfringens. fatal cases have been recorded in pigs, cattle, sheep, horses and humans. newborn animals are typically the most susceptible, possibly related to aspects of bacterial colonization, intestinal digestive f ... | 1988 | 17423103 |
| hemorrhagic enterotoxemia caused by clostridium perfringens type c in a foal. | a four day old appaloosa foal in alberta died from hemorrhagic enterotoxemia. beta-toxin of clostridium perfringens was demonstrated in the intestinal contents of the foal and a pure culture of c. perfringens type c was grown from the small intestine. histological examination showed hemorrhage and extensive necrosis of the small intestinal mucosa. areas of necrotic tissue were surrounded by massive numbers of clostridia-like rods. there was also a moderate degree of thyroid hyperplasia. this is ... | 1982 | 17422190 |
| bovine "enterotoxemia" i. clostridium perfringens types isolated from animal sources in alberta and saskatchewan. | 1963 | 17421573 | |
| clostridium perfringens enterotoxaemia in the ruminant. | 1961 | 17421430 | |
| mode of action of a germination-specific cortex-lytic enzyme, slec, of clostridium perfringens s40. | the hydrolysis of the bacterial spore peptidoglycan (cortex) is a crucial event in spore germination. it has been suggested that slec and slem, which are conserved among clostridia, are to be considered putative cortex-lytic enzymes in clostridium perfringens. however, little is known about the details of the hydrolytic process by these enzymes during germination, except that slem functions as a muramidase. muropeptides derived from slec-digested decoated spores of a bacillus subtilis mutant tha ... | 2007 | 17420590 |
| fatal emphysematous cholecystitis caused by clostridium perfringens. | 2007 | 17410691 | |
| [tryptose sulphite cycloserine agar for the recovery of clostridium perfringens in surface waters: a study of different modes of utilization]. | in the recent european drinking water directive, clostridium perfringens has assumed increasing importance so as to be considered a primary contamination indicator. therefore it emerged the necessity to make culture methods, aimed at its recovery, more specific and sensitive. in this study we have verified the ability of tryptose sulphite cycloserine agar plates (tsc agar), prepared and stored before the use at refrigeration temperature (+4 degrees) for different times, to show typical colonies, ... | 2007 | 17405507 |
| clostridium perfringens type a toxin production in 3 commonly used culture media. | in vitro toxin production is an important tool not only for diagnostic purposes but also for the study of pathogenesis of clostridium perfringens infections. the present study was carried out to compare the level of toxin production by several strains of c. perfringens type a, isolated from the intestine of animals, when cultured in 3 different conventional culture media. six strains of c. perfringens type a isolated from the small intestine of healthy sheep were cultured in commercial cooked me ... | 2007 | 17402614 |
| removal and fate of cryptosporidium parvum, clostridium perfringens and small-sized centric diatoms (stephanodiscus hantzschii) in slow sand filters. | the decimal elimination capacity (dec) of slow sand filtration (ssf) for cryptosporidium parvum was assessed to enable quantitative microbial risk analysis of a drinking water production plant. a mature pilot plant filter of 2.56m(2) was loaded with c. parvum oocysts and two other persistent organisms as potential surrogates; spores of clostridium perfringens (scp) and the small-sized (4-7microm) centric diatom (sscd) stephanodiscus hantzschii. highly persistent micro-organisms that are retained ... | 2007 | 17400275 |