Publications

experimental infection of young specific pathogen-free cats with bartonella henselae.	eighteen 12-week-old specific pathogen-free cats, blood culture- and serum antibody-negative for bartonella henselae, were randomly allocated to groups and were intravenously inoculated with 10(10) (group 1), 10(8) (group 2), or 10(6) (group 3) b. henselae or with saline (group 4) or were not inoculated (group 5). cats were humanely killed at 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 weeks after inoculation. all b. henselae-inoculated cats were bacteremic by 2 weeks after infection. bacteremia persisted until 32 week ...	1997	9207369
molecular diagnosis of deep nodular bacillary angiomatosis and monitoring of therapeutic success.	a 51-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive male patient (cdc stage 3c) had had a painful nodule on his external ankle joint for 10 months. a biopsy suggested bacillary angiomatosis, but kaposi's sarcoma could not be excluded. rods were detectable in lesional skin by a warthin-starry stain. a 298 base pair (bp) gene fragment specific for bartonella species was amplified from lesional skin and direct nucleotide sequence analysis of the amplification product clearly identified barton ...	1997	9205511
[cat scratch disease and associated infections].	cat scratch disease (csd) was first described in france by debré et al. in 1950, yet the causative bacterial agent of csd remained obscure until 1992, when bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) henselae was implicated in csd by serological and microbiologic studies. b. henselae had been linked initially to bacillary angiomatosis (ba), but also bacillary peliosis, relapsing bacteremia and endocarditis. cats are healthy carriers of b. henselae and b. clarridgeiae, and can be bacteremic for months to y ...	1997	9203735
[cat-scratch disease: historical, clinical, phylogenetic and taxonomic aspects].	the cat-scratch disease (csd) is known as a nosological entity since 1950. it was diagnosed by the clinical symptoms, epidemiologic data, and the intracutaneous test of hanger and rose. the aetiologic agent is bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) henselae occurring in thirty to fifty percent of healthy cats. the gramnegative alpha-2-proteobacteria cause the csd but also fever in healthy humans. patients suffering from aids show bacillary angiomatosis, bacillary peliosis hepatis, endocarditis, and s ...	1997	9198973
never discount an animal vector.		1997	9197061
trench fever among homeless people in marseille, france: a seroprevalence survey.		1997	9196653
detection of antibodies to bartonella henselae in clinically diagnosed cat scratch disease.	to determine the usefulness of an indirect immunoflourescence antibody test for antibodies to bartonella henselae in diagnosing cat scratch disease (csd).	1997	9196486
culture-negative endocarditis: contribution of bartonella infections.	two cases of bartonella endocarditis are described: one in a 55 year old homeless alcoholic man, caused by bartonella quintana; the other in a 41 year old male with a history of exposure to cat fleas, caused by b henselae. serological testing and polymerase chain reaction of the excised valves were used to identify the organisms. false positive serology for chlamydia was detected in one case.	1997	9196420
bartonella clarridgeiae, a newly recognized zoonotic pathogen causing inoculation papules, fever, and lymphadenopathy (cat scratch disease).	shortly after adopting a 6-week-old cat, a veterinarian was bitten on the left index finger. within 3 weeks, he developed headache, fever, and left axillary lymphadenopathy. initial blood cultures from the cat and veterinarian were sterile. repeat cultures from the cat grew bartonella-like organisms with lophotrichous flagella. sera from the veterinarian were not reactive against bartonella henselae, b. quintana, or b. elizabethae antigens but were seroreactive (reciprocal titer, 1,024) against ...	1997	9196200
[cat-scratch disease--an overlooked disease in denmark?].	only one patient with cat-scratch disease (csd) has been reported in denmark. a case and retrospective investigation among patients admitted to the ward is presented. over a period of 3.5 years, six patients were found to have suffered from csd. the yearly incidence was calculated to 2.6/100,000. the patients were tested for antibodies against bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae with a new test developed at the danish serum institute. only two of the patients with csd had titres of antibodies high ...	1997	9190717
bartonella infections.		1997	9189670
infective endocarditis due to unusual or fastidious microorganisms.	infective endocarditis due to fastidious microorganisms is commonly encountered in clinical practice. some organisms such as fungi account for up to 15% of cases of prosthetic valve infective endocarditis, whereas organisms of the hacek group (haemophilus parainfluenzae, h. aphrophilus, and h. paraphrophilus, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, cardiobacterium hominis, eikenella corrodens, and kingella kingae) cause 3% of community-acquired cases of infective endocarditis. special techniques a ...	1997	9179137
seroprevalence of immunoglobulin g antibodies to bartonella henselae in cat owners.		1997	9177972
prevalence of bartonella henselae and bartonella clarridgeiae in stray cats.	the aim of the present work was to determine by blood culture the prevalence of blood infection with bartonella species in a well-defined, european, urban stray cat population. therefore, 94 stray cats were trapped from 10 cat colonies. blood samples of these cats were cultured on both blood agar and liquid medium in order to raise the likelihood of bacterial detection. fifty blood samples (53%) gave a positive culture result for bartonella species. isolate identification was performed by sequen ...	1997	9163438
cat scratch disease as a rare cause of obstructive jaundice: a case report.		1997	9157863
[visceral granulomas and pericardial effusion caused by a bartonella henselae infection].	a 57 year-old woman was seen after a three-week period of upper abdominal pain, nausea, fever, headache and exertional dyspnoea. laboratory examination showed an elevated esr and serum gamma-gt activity. the chest x-ray showed cardiomegaly resulting from a pericardial effusion as was demonstrated by echocardiography. an abdominal ct-scan disclosed multiple hypodense lesions in the liver and spleen and lymphadenopathy along the hepatoduodenal ligament. liver biopsy showed a necrotising granulomat ...	1997	9157300
[2 patients with atypical manifestations of cat-scratch disease].	in 2 boys aged 8 years and 10 months, respectively, uncommon manifestations of cat scratch disease were seen. the first patient had acute encephalopathy: coma and generalized tonic-clinic convulsions. the second patient was presented with fever and peripheral lymphadenopathy in combination with hypodense lesions in the liver on ultrasound. diagnosis was established on the clinical picture and the positive results of serological testing of antibody titres for bartonella henselae. both patients re ...	1997	9157299
cat scratch disease in a child.	we report a case of a 9-year-old girl scratched on the right side of her neck by a kitten about one month prior to admission. she was well until three weeks later when she developed enlarged right neck masses, a pustula on the scratch site, right injected conjunctiva, headache, general malaise and fever, thus fulfilling the clinical criteria for csd. initially, she was treated by a practicing physician but the manifestations persisted for one week. after admission, leukocytosis and a mildly elev ...	1997	9151470
bacillary angiomatosis associated with myositis in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus.	a man with aids presented with a deep soft-tissue mass involving the right thigh. biopsy of a skin lesion on the back and culture of a specimen from this lesion showed bacillary angiomatosis due to bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) quintana. magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large heterogeneous mass involving the vastus medialis and intermedius muscles. therapy with erythromycin caused rapid resolution of both the cutaneous lesion and the muscle lesion. bartonella infection is proposed as an ...	1997	9145727
a carboxy-terminal processing protease gene is located immediately upstream of the invasion-associated locus from bartonella bacilliformis.	a gene with homology to those encoding an unusual class of c-terminal processing proteases that flanks the invasion-associated locus ialab of bartonella bacilliformis has been identified. the 1302 bp gene, termed ctpa, is located immediately upstream of the iala gene and encodes a predicted nascent product of 434 amino acids, producing a mature protein of 411 amino acid residues. the bartonella ctpa appears to undergo autolysis in vitro, producing multiple products of 43-46 kda, and a second gro ...	1997	9141685
cat-scratch disease in a patient undergoing haemodialysis.		1997	9141021
relapsing bacteremia after blood transmission of bartonella henselae to cats.	to determine persistence of bacteremia, pathogenicity, and immunoglobulin kinetics after blood transmission of bartonella henselae in cats.	1997	9140557
epidemiologic evaluation of the risk factors associated with exposure and seroreactivity to bartonella vinsonii in dogs.	to determine seroprevalence to bartonella vinsonii subsp berkhoffii in a population of sick dogs from north carolina and virginia and to evaluate potential risk factors associated with increased likelihood of exposure to the organism.	1997	9140552
histological and ultrastructural study of one case of oral bacillary angiomatosis in hiv disease and review of the literature.	bacillary angiomatosis (ba) is a new clinicopathological entity defined as a pseudo-neoplastic capillary proliferation secondary to an opportunistic infection by one of two rochalimaea sp.: r. quintana or r. henselae. although ba is a recently recognised entity, numerous cases have been reported. most of the patients affected are reported to have low absolute cd4 lymphocyte counts associated with aids. yet, very few oral cases associated or not with cutaneous lesions have been reported or simply ...	1994	9135977
pathogenetic role of phagocytic abnormalities in human virus immunodeficiency infection: possible therapeutical approaches. a review.	polymorphonuclear cells (pmn) and monocytes/macrophages (m/m) represent the first defence line against invading microorganisms. both phagocytic cell functions are precociously compromised in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected subjects, thus leading to infectious and neurological complications in the late stages of disease. among intracellular pathogens, emerging bacteria such as bartonella henselae and rhodococcus equi can cause peculiar clinical pictures, i.e. the bacillary parenchimal ...	1997	9130002
bartonella spp. as emerging human pathogens.	members of the genus bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) were virtually unknown to modern-day clinicians and microbiologists until they were associated with opportunistic infections in aids patients about 6 years ago. since that time, bartonella species have been associated with cat scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, and a variety of other disease syndromes. clinical presentation of infection with bartonella ranges from a relatively mild lymphadenopathy with few other symptoms, seen in cat s ...	1997	9105751
cat-scratch disease and related clinical syndromes.	bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae is a common cause of cat-scratch disease. this newly identified bacterium is also the cause of several other clinical syndromes, including bacillary angiomatosis, bacillary peliosis hepatitis and splenitis, and acute and relapsing bacteremia. a high percentage of young cats carry b. henselae. fortunately, serious complications of b. henselae infections are rare in immunocompetent patients. cat-scratch disease is usually a self-limited illness that does not neces ...	1997	9105205
[cat-scratch disease. a report of 4 cases and a review of the literature].	four cases of cat-scratch diseases are here reported and a review of the literature is made. the disease, apart from its typical presentation form as a usually self-limited regional lymph node enlargement, can occasionally spread and involve several organs systems. indirect immunofluorescence serological tests have been of help for its diagnosis and should be included among the diagnostic criteria for the disease. in particular cases, nuclear magnetic resonance can be useful to suggests the diag ...	1997	9102668
hepatosplenic cat-scratch disease and abdominal pain.	there have been several recent reports that cat-scratch disease (csd) causes a multiplicity of atypical clinical syndromes. we recently diagnosed hepatosplenic csd in a child who was seen with fever and abdominal pain. we report this case and 10 other patients with hepatosplenic csd and highlight the importance of abdominal pain in this clinical entity.	1997	9076813
[rochalimaea spp. infections and associated diseases].		1996	9064385
acute multifocal retinitis.	to describe the clinical presentation, ophthalmoscopic and fluorescein angiographic findings, and natural history of 14 eyes in nine otherwise healthy, young-to-middle-age adults with idiopathic, acute, multifocal retinitis.	1997	9063244
survey of veterinary professionals and other veterinary conference attendees for antibodies to bartonella henselae and b quintana.	to determine serologic and epidemiologic characteristics of an occupational group potentially at risk for bartonella sp infection.	1997	9057914
in vitro susceptibilities of bartonella henselae, b. quintana, b. elizabethae, rickettsia rickettsii, r. conorii, r. akari, and r. prowazekii to macrolide antibiotics as determined by immunofluorescent-antibody analysis of infected vero cell monolayers.	the in vitro susceptibilities of bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae, b. quintana, b. elizabethae, rickettsia akari, r. conorii, r. prowazekii, and r. rickettsii to different concentrations of azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, erythromycin, and roxithromycin in vero cell cultures were evaluated. bartonella and rickettsia spp. were allowed to initiate infection of the antibiotic-free vero cell monolayers, which were maintained in 16-chamber microscope slides in the absence of antibiotics ...	1997	9055996
the expanding spectrum of bartonella infections: ii. cat-scratch disease.	recent advancements and developments in molecular biotechnology have allowed more precise reclassification of many microorganisms. with the use of these new taxonomy tools, several organisms previously thought to belong to other genera have been recently described as bartonellae. of the 11 organisms now described as bartonella spp., only four have been shown to be pathogenic for humans. table 1 lists the four bartonella human pathogens along with the their known epidemiology and the scope and ra ...	1997	9041596
detection and identification of two bartonella henselae variants in domestic cats in germany.	to determine the prevalence of bacteremia caused by bartonella henselae in domestic cats in the region of freiburg, germany, we investigated culture of blood from 100 cats from 89 different households over a 12-month period. b. henselae could be isolated from 13% (13 of 100) of these cats. in eight households with two cats each and in one household with three cats, b. henselae bacteremia was found either in all of the animals or in none of the animals. positive cultures were more likely to be fo ...	1997	9041393
isolation of bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae: effects of methods of blood collection and handling.	bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae causes cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, peliosis hepatis, and fever in humans. b. henselae can be difficult to culture axenically, and as many as 5 weeks may be required before colonies are visible. we compared how different methods of blood collection and handling affect isolation of this pathogen. blood specimens from b. henselae-infected cats were collected in both edta and isolator blood-lysis tubes and were subsequently plated onto rabbit blood- ...	1997	9041385
bacillary angiomatosis: presentation of six patients, some with unusual features.	bacillary angiomatosis (ba) is an unusual systemic vascular proliferation seen predominantly in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. these vascular lesions are probably due to infection with a bartonella species, most often b. henselae and, in some patients, b. quintana. ba is treatable and often curable, but without therapy, may be life-threatening. clinically, the lesions, when superficial, are said to often resemble pyogenic granulomas, appearing polypoid histologically with ...	1997	9039296
[rochalimaea and its role in human pathology].		1996	9027188
cat-scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis.	cat-scratch disease (csd) was first described by debré in 1950, yet the causative bacterial agent of csd remained obscure until 1992, when bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) henselae was implicated in csd by serological and microbiological studies. b. henselae had initially been linked to bacillary angiomatosis (ba), a vascular proliferative disease most commonly associated with long-standing human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection or other significant immunosuppression. b. henselae has also ...	1996	9025151
the etest for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bartonella henselae.	the in-vitro susceptibility of 10 isolates of bartonella henselae was assessed using the etest. the organisms, one reference human strain and nine feline isolates, were grown on chocolate agar and the etests read at days 5, 8 and 11. six antibiotics, erythromycin, azithromycin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, rifampicin and vancomycin were evaluated. the results correlated well with published results using agar dilution. the results confirmed the high in-vitro susceptibility of b. henselae to erythr ...	1996	9023643
experimental and natural infection with bartonella henselae in domestic cats.	domestic cats were experimentally infected with culture propagated bartonella henselae by intradermal (i.d.) and intravenous (i.v.) routes. cats were more efficiently infected by the i.d. (8/8 cats) than by the i.v. (2/16) route. bacteremia was detected 1-3 weeks following inoculation and lasted for most cats for 1-8 months. however, one naturally infected cat was observed for 24 months and was found to be cyclically bacteremic, with bacterial levels varying one hundred fold or more from one per ...	1997	9023040
the expanding spectrum of bartonella infections: i. bartonellosis and trench fever.		1997	9002093
[the epidemiology of trench fever: a pilot study in homeless people in marseilles].	trench fever, cause by bartonella quintana, disappeared decades ago. between 1992 and 1994 about 20 cases were reported in industrialized countries [6, 7]. some of these cases were associated with hiv infection [5], but most affected the homeless. the epidemiology of b. quintana is unknown in europe, but infection and transmission are favoured by poor housing and hygiene. this paper describes the results of a seroprevalence survey among the homeless living in marseille. the eight major non-profi ...	1996	8998590
redefining aids: towards a modification of the current aids case definition.	aids is defined by the occurrence of an opportunistic infection or tumor considered indicative of advanced infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). even though recent modifications have improved the widely used aids case definition issued by the world health organization and the centers for disease control and prevention, the modified version has fallen short of generating a globally functional instrument for the surveillance of hiv-related infections. the clinical aids case definition ...	1997	8994765
diagnostic value of the indirect immunofluorescence assay in cat scratch disease with bartonella henselae and afipia felis antigens.	serum samples from 35 cat scratch disease (csd) patients, 180 control patients (123 without lymph node enlargement and 57 with lymph node enlargement not evoking csd), and 102 nonpatient subjects (35 with cat contact and 67 without cat contact) were tested by semiquantitative indirect immunofluorescence assay for the presence of antibodies directed to afipia felis (atcc 53690t) or bartonella henselae (atcc 49882t). the csd group had statistically higher antibody titers against b. henselae than t ...	1996	8991636
maintenance of broad-host-range incompatibility group p and group q plasmids and transposition of tn5 in bartonella henselae following conjugal plasmid transfer from escherichia coli.	the first demonstration of conjugal plasmid transfer from escherichia coli to bartonella henselae is reported. transconjugants bearing plasmids of incompatibility groups p (incp) and q (incq), expressing various resistance markers, were generated. tn5 transposons delivered on suicide plasmids by conjugation showed transpositional insertion into random chromosomal sites.	1997	8990308
bacillary angiomatosis in an immunocompetent child.	bacillary angiomatosis (ba) is a pathological process characterized by prominent vascular proliferation secondary to organisms of the genus rochalimaea. ba has been most commonly associated with hiv-1+ patients, but has also been reported rarely in other immune-suppressed patients and in a small group of patients with no demonstrated immune suppression. even in immune-suppressed children, ba is extremely rare. we report a 5-year-old girl with no apparent immune suppression and no risk factors fo ...	1996	8989932
parinaud's oculoglandular conjunctivitis and cat-scratch disease.		1996	8989598
case records of the massachusetts general hospital. weekly clinicopathological exercises. case 2-1997. a 38-year-old man with digital clubbing, low-grade fever, and a murmur.		1997	8988901
[cat-scratch disease in humans and the cat's role. causative agents finally isolated].		1996	8984725
bacillary angiomatosis in an hiv seronegative patient on systemic steroid therapy.	bacillary angiomatosis is an unusual systemic vascular proliferation seen predominantly in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. these vascular lesions are due to infection with a bartonella species, most commonly b. henselae, but sometimes b. quintana. it is treatable and often curable, but without therapy may be life-threatening. clinically, the disorder often resembles several different vascular disorders, particularly pyogenic granuloma and kaposi's sarcoma. we now report a c ...	1996	8977724
[cat-scratch disease as a diagnostic problem of lymphadenopathy].	the diagnosis of cat-scratch disease is based on history and clinical symptoms. we present a case of a 4-year-old girl admitted to our unit with suspicion of histiocytosis x after histologic evaluation of a submandibular lymph node biopsy. on the basis of history, clinical features and histologic reevaluation, the diagnosis of cat-scratch disease was made.	1996	8975227
[cat scratch disease in a 14-year-old boy].		1996	8975226
[illnesses caused by bartonella. cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, bacillary peliosis hepatis, endocarditis].		1996	8964682
cat scratch disease: detection of bartonella henselae dna in archival biopsies from patients with clinically, serologically, and histologically defined disease.	serological and epidemiological studies suggest that bartonella henselae is the etiological agent of cat scratch disease. we designed a study to detect b. henselae in archival biopsies by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the 16s rrna gene followed by southern blot hybridization. forty-two histologically defined cat scratch disease biopsies and eighteen controls were selected for blinded analysis. after testing, charts were reviewed for clinical, immunological, and microbial evidence of ...	1996	8952548
experimentally induced bartonella henselae infections followed by challenge exposure and antimicrobial therapy in cats.	to elucidate kinetics of bartonella henselae bacteremia and igg response, evaluate antibiotic therapy, and investigate challenge exposure in cats.	1996	8950424
antibodies to bartonella species in inner-city intravenous drug users in baltimore, md.	bartonella quintana has recently been associated with homeless alcoholic men. both b quintana and bartonella henselae have been shown to be opportunistic pathogens of people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the reservoirs and modes of transmission of these infections are incompletely known.	1996	8944742
[endocarditis of negative blood culture: search in the intra-cell!].		1996	8942948
[back again: the clothes louse (pediculus humanus var. corporis)].	in two homeless men aged 38 and 32 years, who suffered from itching, infestation with body lice (pediculus humanus var. corporis, a.k.a. clothes lice) was diagnosed. this infestation is rare in the netherlands. in 1993 and 1994 and infection with body lice was registered 41 times in 31 patients at the clinic for homeless of the community health service of utrecht. the body louse can be seen by the naked eye. treatment is by hygienic measures, pediculicides if necessary, and by prevention. import ...	1996	8927169
[cat scratch disease. an overview for the ent physician].	background: cat scratch disease (csd) is a relatively common cause of chronic lymphadenopathy in the usa. in the present paper the authors describe recent advances in the understanding of this disorder focusing on etiology, clinical aspects, diagnostic management, and therapy. etiology: rochalimaea henselae and afipia felis, two gram-negative bacteria, have recently been isolated from lymph node tissue of patients suffering from csd. the current literature reveals that rochalimaea henselae seems ...	1996	8924168
generalized infection with bartonella henselae following infection due to epstein-barr virus.		1996	8922830
isolation of bartonella quintana from an hiv-positive patient with bacillary angiomatosis.	bartonella quintana was grown from a lysis-centrifugation blood culture of an hiv-positive man who presented with lesions of bacillary angiomatosis in skin and bones. the isolate was identified by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 16s rrna gene sequencing, and amplification of the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences.	1996	8922574
cloning, expression and sequence analysis of the bartonella henselae gene encoding the htra stress-response protein.	a cloned fragment of bartonella (rochalimaea) henselae (bh) dna was found to direct synthesis of an immunoreactive protein in escherichia coli (ec). sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1509 nucleotides encoding a protein of 503 amino acids that exhibited extensive identity (over the entire protein) with the htra stress-response proteins of brucella abortus (59%), ec (37%) and salmonella typhimurium (36%). when the putative htra gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and ...	1996	8921888
bacillary angiomatosis: microbiology, histopathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management.	bacillary angiomatosis is known to be caused by a rickettsial organism; rochalimaea henselae. this causative agent has been compared with different microorganisms and clinical conditions that appear in similar settings but that have been clearly differentiated from them; e.i. cat-scratch disease (afipia felis), bartonella bacilliformis, other rochalimaea sp., kaposi;s sarcoma, lobular capillary hemangioma, angiosarcoma, and epithelioid hemangioma. clinically the bacillary angiomatosis (ba) skin ...	1996	8916440
prevalence of bartonella henselae bacteremia, the causative agent of cat scratch disease, in an australian cat population.	in order to determine the prevalence of bartonella henselae becteremia in an australian cat population we examined blood cultures on a group of sydney cats. cats referred to the concord animal hospital for euthanasia were selected randomly for blood culture and serum sampling. blood samples were lysed and centrifuged and then cultured for up to five weeks. suspicious colonies were identified biochemically as probable b. henselae. selected isolates were confirmed as b. henselae using the polymera ...	1996	8912359
re: imaging features of cat-scratch disease.		1996	8911215
survey of the seroprevalence of bartonella quintana in homeless people.	trench fever is caused by bartonella (rochalimaea) quintana, a small gram-negative rod that is transmitted by body lice. recently, b. quintana infections in homeless patients have been reported in the united states and europe. from october 1993 to october 1994, the seroprevalence of antibodies to b. quintana was assessed by indirect immunofluorescence in a prospective study of 221 nonhospitalized homeless people, 43 hospitalized homeless patients (cases), 250 blood donors, and 57 hospitalized ma ...	1996	8909840
serological study of bartonella henselae in cat scratch disease in japan.	it has become clear that bartonella henselae is a common cause of cat scratch disease (csd). the indirect fluorescence antibody (ifa) test for detection of igg and igm antibodies to b. henselae concerning csd showed that 5 (50%) of 10 patients with csd had a serum igg antibody titer of 1:128 or more and that 2 (20%) patients had a serum igm antibody titer of 1:20 or more. one of 7 asymptomatic members of patients' families (14%) had igg antibody to b. henselae at a titer of 1:256. igm antibody t ...	1996	8908613
does coinfection of bartonella henselae and fiv induce clinical disorders in cats?	it was found that bartonella henselae (b. henselae) may induce clinical disorders in cats in natural conditions from a comparison of the serological status for b. henselae with the serostatus for feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and several clinical characteristics in 170 domestic cats. seropositivity for b. henselae was not significantly different between fiv antibody-positive and -negative cats (18.4% vs 16.0%). the incidence of clinical characteristics were compared among four cat groups d ...	1996	8908605
bartonella infections and hiv disease.	successful assessment and treatment of bartonella in hiv-seropositive people depends on nursing's fundamental role in the management of these bacterial infections. bartonella species are responsible for a variety of infections, including cat scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis, which can be debilitating to people living with aids. this paper provides an overview of the clinical presentation and nursing management of bartonella infection in plwas. the author discusses common diagnostic pro ...	1996	8906735
will the real agent of cat-scratch disease please stand up?	cat-scratch disease has been recognized since 1889 in association with the oculoglandular syndrome of parinaud. the epidemiologic association with cats was first made in 1931 and further substantiated throughout the years, refining the interaction predominantly to kittens. putative infectious agents have included numerous species of bacteria, chlamydiae, and viruses. the cultivation of afipia spp. in the late 1980s appeared to answer the mystery of the identity of the agent. however, even more r ...	1996	8905096
emergence of bartonella quintana infection among homeless persons.		1996	8903217
unraveling mysteries associated with cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, and related syndromes.	the search for the infectious agents responsible for cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, and related syndromes has a long and often circuitous history. recognition of the etiologic agents and a new understanding of the fundamental features of the epidemiology and natural history of modern day bartonella (formerly rochalimaea)-associated diseases culminate a multipartite story that combines clinical medicine, traditional microbiology, and novel technological approaches to solve a long-st ...	1995	8903149
evaluation of serological response to bartonella henselae, bartonella quintana and afipia felis antigens in 64 patients with suspected cat-scratch disease.	the serological response to bartonella henselae, b. quintana, and afipia felis was assessed by an indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifat) in 64 patients with suspected cat-scratch disease (csd) recruited from the bordeaux area in france. blood samples were collected from 57 patients with chronic lymphadenopathy who underwent lymph-node biopsy with suggestive histopathologic features of csd, and from an additional 7 patients with suspected csd who underwent surgical incision and drainage becau ...	1996	8893399
portal triad involvement in cat-scratch disease.		1996	8888205
cell entry and the pathogenesis of bartonella infections.	erythrocyte parasitism, or hemotrophy, is not a common strategy for bacteria. however, bartonella species are elegantly adapted to parasitize a variety of cell types including red blood cells. bartonella bacilliformis, a useful model organism for the genus, has been used to study virulence determinants involved in colonization, attachment and invasion of host cells.	1996	8885168
cat-scratch disease and bartonella henselae infections in children.		1996	8880885
evaluation of an extended blood culture protocol to isolate fastidious organisms from patients with aids.	recent reports of fastidious pathogens suggest the need for special blood cultures for immunocompromised patients. blood cultures from 45 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients with unexplained fever (> or = 38.0 degrees c) and cd4 counts of < 125 cells per mm3 were collected into a vacuum tube with sodium polyanetholsulfonate, an isolator tube, and bactec aerobic and anaerobic bottles. blood from the sodium polyanethosulfonate tube was inoculated into bactec 13a bottles, which wer ...	1996	8880497
bartonella bacilliformis: dangerous pathogen slowly emerging from deep background.	bartonella bacilliformis was perhaps the most lethal bacterial human pathogen in the pre-antibiotic era, but infections were and are limited to a specific geographical area, largely in peru, corresponding to the range of its sand fly vector. b. bacilliformis targets both red cells and endothelial cells. recent phylogenetic realignments have revealed a close genetic relationship to other bacteria which cause human diseases, including bacterial angiomatosis, to the former grahamella species which ...	1996	8870245
pathogenic mechanisms of bartonella henselae infections.		1996	8866818
comparison of partial citrate synthase gene (glta) sequences for phylogenetic analysis of bartonella species.	nucleotide base sequence data were obtained for a 940-bp fragment of the citrate synthase-encoding gene (glta) of representatives of the eight validly described bartonella species and seven uncharacterized bartonella strains obtained from small mammals. complete 16s rrna gene sequences were also determined for the uncharacterized strains, and these sequences revealed that each strain had a unique sequence which was very similar to the sequences of the previously recognized bartonella species. a ...	1996	8863415
serological cross-reactions between bartonella quintana, bartonella henselae, and coxiella burnetii.	the clinical manifestations of q fever and bartonelloses can be confused, especially in cases of infectious endocarditis. differential diagnosis of the diseases is important because the treatments required for q fever and bartonelloses are different. laboratory confirmation of a suspected case of either q fever or bartonelloses is most commonly made by antibody estimation with an indirect immunofluorescence assay. with an indirect immunofluorescence assay, 258 serum samples from patients with q ...	1996	8862597
intermediate uveitis and retinal vasculitis as manifestations of cat scratch disease.	to study the ocular manifestations of systemic rochalimaea infection.	1996	8862061
unsuspected hepatosplenic involvement in patients hospitalized with cat-scratch disease.		1996	8858685
bacillary angiomatosis associated with extensive esophageal polyposis: a new mucocutaneous manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency disease (aids).	bacillary angiomatosis is a rare infection that has been associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. the causative organism is rochalimaea henselae and contact with cats is a risk factor. we present a case of a 37-yr-old man who had recent prolonged exposure to a cat and presented with fever, iron deficiency anemia, and guaiac-positive stools who had biopsy-proven bacillary angiomatosis skin lesions and on esophagogastroduodenoscopy had multiple, diffuse, friable, polypoid lesions in ...	1996	8855753
diagnosis of 22 new cases of bartonella endocarditis.	bartonella species are emerging pathogens that are seldom reported as a cause of blood culture-negative endocarditis.	1996	8849149
image cytometry and topographical analysis of proliferation of endothelial cells in vitro during bartonella (rochalimaea) infection.	bartonella quintana and bartonella henselae are clinically associated with proliferative neovascular lesions. the effect of bartonella infection on human endothelial cells was evaluated in vitro by quantitative image analysis. particular emphasis is placed on reporting the methodologies employed. human umbilical vein endothelial cells were infected in vitro with the two bartonella species. cell proliferation (cell density), cell morphology (cell surface, form and elongation factors) and spatial ...	1996	8844102
prevalence of bartonella henselae antibodies among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients from bahrain.		1996	8842286
bacillary angiomatosis of the cervix and vulva in a patient with aids.	bacillary angiomatosis is a clinicopathologic entity that most often is identified in the skin of patients with aids. this report presents an example of bacillary angiomatosis of the female genital tract.	1996	8841262
the histologic spectrum of hepatic cat scratch disease. a series of six cases with confirmed bartonella henselae infection.	cat scratch disease (csd), a common cause of regional lymphadenitis, has been linked to bartonella henselae infection. although rare, dissemination with hepatic involvement has been documented. six cases of hepatic csd were retrieved and probed for b. henselae dna. hematoxylin-eosin, trichrome, methenamine silver, gram, ziehl-neelsen, and warthin-starry stained slides were reviewed by all authors, and the histologic findings were recorded. b. henselae infection was confirmed in all cases using c ...	1996	8827032
bartonella henselae infection mimicking systemic onset juvenile chronic arthritis in a 2 1/2-year-old girl.		1996	8823702
experimental transmission of bartonella henselae by the cat flea.	bartonella henselae is an emerging bacterial pathogen, causing cat scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis. cats bacteremic with b. henselae constitute a large reservoir from which humans become infected. prevention of human infection depends on elucidation of the natural history and means of feline infection. we studied 47 cattery cats in a private home for 12 months to determine the longitudinal prevalence of b. henselae bacteremia, the prevalence of b. henselae in the fleas infesting these ...	1996	8818889
identification of bartonella henselae and b. quintana 16s rdna sequences by branch-, genus- and species-specific amplification.	given the controversy surrounding the aetiology of cat scratch disease and the association of both bartonella henselae and b. quintana with bacillary angiomatosis, a method for the direct detection in clinical samples of 16s rrna from the proteobacteria alpha subgroup was developed. the primary structure of amplified 16s rdna was determined by cloning and sequencing. three sequences were identified: one corresponded exactly to genbank accession number m73229 (b. henselae); the second was related ...	1996	8810946
comparative seroreactivity to bartonella henselae and bartonella quintana among cats from israel and north carolina.	bartonella henselae, the predominant cause of cat scratch disease, and bartonella quintana, the cause of trench fever, are closely related bartonella species that induce cross-reactivity when cat or human sera are tested using an indirect immunofluorescence antibody (ifa) test. cats are the natural reservoir for b. henselae, whereas a mammalian reservoir host for b. quintana has not been identified. serum samples from 114 cats from israel and 114 cats from north carolina were tested by ifa for s ...	1996	8810011
bartonella (rochalimaea) quintana infections.	bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) quintana is the etiological agent of trench fever, a disease extensively reported during the world wars. recent molecular biology approaches have allowed dramatic extension of the spectrum of bartonella infections. b. quintana is now also recognized as an etiological agent of fever and bacteremia, endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis, and chronic lymphadenopathy. human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and/or homeless people are the most vulnerable to inf ...	1996	8809460
multiple recurrent bacillary angiomatosis due to bartonella quintana in an hiv-infected patient.		1996	8801095
the role of molecular techniques in the understanding of emerging infections.	emerging infections are defined as infections that are newly identified or recognized, or those whose incidence in humans has significantly increased over the past 20 years. the interaction of several factors contributes to the emergence of infectious disease, including changes in human behavior, technological advances, economic development, increased international travel, microbial adaptation and lapses in public health measures. biomedical research has allowed us to identify and classify previ ...	1996	8796869
cat-scratch disease.		1996	8794184
predominance of two bartonella henselae variants among cat-scratch disease patients in the netherlands.	restriction endonuclease analysis of the pcr-amplified 16s-23s rrna gene spacer region was used to investigate the prevalence of bartonella henselae variants in samples from cat-scratch disease (csd) patients. analysis of spacer pcr fragments from 27 bartonella dna-positive samples from dutch patients with csd with alui revealed two restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) patterns, patterns a and b. twenty samples yielded b. henselae pattern a, and 7 samples yielded b. henselae pattern b ...	1996	8788996
bartonella henselae infection in cats: evaluation during primary infection, treatment, and rechallenge infection.	bartonella henselae infection was established in eight cats of various ages by experimental inoculation. all cats remained persistently bacteremic until they were treated 4 to 7 weeks after primary inoculation. antibody titers increased and peaked between 4 and 12 weeks for all cats. treatment with doxycycline for 1 week was effective in suppressing bacteremia in all cats but was effective in clearing infection from only four cats. amoxicillin, given subsequently, was effective in clearing the i ...	1996	8784569