Publications

serum human chorionic somatomammotropin as an aid in the diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic disease.		1973	4375913
an epidemiologic study of breast cancer.		1974	4369771
nasopharyngeal carcinoma: present status of knowledge.		1974	4367157
antibodies to herpes group viruses in patients with nasopharyngeal and other head and neck cancers.		1974	4366990
neutralizing activity in human sera against the leukocyte-transforming agent.		1973	4352332
human cancer in households containing cats with malignant lymphoma.		1972	4350192
jérôme lejeune. the william allan memorial award presented at the annual meeting of the american society of human genetics, san francisco, california, october 3, 1969.		1970	4244916
cell lines from human patients: who owns them? a case report.		1985	4053500
what is wrong with 'wrongful life' cases?	'wrongful life' torts raise a number of interesting and perplexing philosophical issues. in a suit for 'wrongful life', the plaintiff (usually an infant) brings an action (usually against a physician) claiming that some negligent action has caused the plaintiff's life, say by not informing the parents of the likely prospect that their child would be born with severe defects. the most perplexing feature of this is that the plaintiff is claiming that he would have been better off if he had never b ...	1985	4009079
fleas on roof rats in six areas of los angeles county, california: their potential role in the transmission of plague and murine typhus to humans.	roof rats (rattus rattus) in southern california are rarely involved with plague epizootics and murine typhus. little evidence exists implicating these rodents as sources of human infection. this might be explained by the absence of fleas capable of transmitting these 2 diseases. from february 1981 through january 1982, roof rats were live-trapped and examined for fleas each month in 4 areas of los angeles county. two other areas were trapped for 9 and 3 months respectively. areas sampled were i ...	1985	3985278
self-reports predictive of mortality from ischemic heart disease: a nine-year follow-up of the human population laboratory cohort.	in order to assess the validity of self-reports of physical conditions, symptoms, and ailments, the nine-year mortality experience of a random population sample of 4590 adults, aged 35-94, in alameda county, california, was examined. consistently, increased risks of death from any cause and from ischemic heart disease were found for several self-reports. multiple logistic analyses of deaths from ischemic heart disease showed that the best predictors for men were reports of "high blood pressure," ...	1985	3972960
california encephalitis virus causes subacute encephalomyelitis in an adult.	a 24-year-old man from rural mississippi had a case of california encephalitis (ce) that evolved as a subacute encephalomyelitis. the incidence of ce in adults is low, especially in the southeastern united states, and to our knowledge the clinical profile of symptomatic disease in adults has not been established. the characteristics of ce and st louis encephalitis, the usual cause of arboviral illness affecting adults in the southeast, differ.	1985	3966890
on dying more than one death.	death (with a capital d) can best be understood as a series of distinct but related deaths. for example, a pregnant woman was found to be brain-dead but her vital functions were artificially sustained for nine weeks until her fetus could be delivered, after which the machines were removed and she died a second, conceptually distinct death. this procedure is probably justifiable, but any legislation or policy regarding such cases should be flexible and should require consent.	1986	3957650
jamestown canyon virus (california serogroup) is the etiologic agent of widespread infection in michigan humans.	in a sample population of 780 michigan residents tested for neutralizing antibodies to california serogroup viruses, 216 (27.7%) had specific neutralizing antibody to jamestown canyon virus. an additional eight (1.0%) had specific neutralizing to trivittatus virus; none had specific neutralizing antibody to la crosse virus. significantly more male residents than female residents of the lower peninsula had antibody to jamestown canyon virus. the frequency of neutralizing antibody titers fits the ...	1986	3953951
planning and integrating a behavioural sciences curriculum.	this paper describes methods of planning and integrating an introductory course in human behaviour for first-year medical students, from a primary care perspective. the conceptual model is based on a synthesis of the literature on stress, stress responses and human development. an experiential component integrates didactic material and clinical experience. the teaching methods are based on formats, such as grand-rounds, used by postgraduate doctors. specific techniques are described to integrate ...	1986	3951377
human ventilatory response to washed and unwashed cottons from different growing areas.	thirty volunteer subjects were exposed to controlled amounts of respirable dust generated by the carding of cotton in an experimental cardroom. eighteen exposures each lasting six hours were performed while carding unwashed and washed cottons from the three major growing regions of the united states. elutriated dust was analysed gravimetrically and was comparable (0.59 mg/m3 +/- 0.04) for all exposures. spirometry was recorded before and after each exposure. california cotton resulted in a signi ...	1986	3947581
who should have rights to a patient's cells?		1986	3945799
proficiency testing materials for ph and blood gases. the california thoracic society experience.	the california thoracic society blood gas proficiency testing program distributed ampules from three separate lots of quality control products every three months as unknowns to participating clinical (survey) laboratories and ten selected reference laboratories. for eight quarters, aqueous buffers were distributed. for each lot, pco2 and ph measurements varied within narrow ranges between laboratories. concurrently, the po2 measurements varied widely between reference laboratories as well as sur ...	1986	3943381
proximal femur articulation in pliocene hominids.	the supposed "nonhuman anthropoid"-type femur head articular surface described for the pliocene hominid specimen a.l.288-1 ("lucy") by stern and susman in 1983 is present in significant numbers of modern human femora. this nonmetric skeletal trait was also found to be sex-related in modern human samples examined.	1985	3936365
reported changes in the sexual behavior of men at risk for aids, san francisco, 1982-84--the aids behavioral research project.	we surveyed 454 men in november 1983 and in may 1984 regarding their sexual practices during the month before the survey. in the 1983 survey, we also asked for reports about sexual behavior during the same month 1 year prior to the survey. the sample consisted of men recruited as they left bath-houses and bars, men who had not used bars or baths for meeting sexual partners for 2 months prior to the november 1983 survey, and men in committed primary relationships with another man. we found substa ...	1985	3934697
pcb-containing transformer fires: decontamination guidelines based on health considerations.	realization that polychlorinated biphenyl-(pcb)-containing (askarel) transformer fires can produce toxic polychlorinated dibenzofuran (pcdf) and polychlorinated dibenzodioxin (pcdd) isomers has led to efforts to develop guidelines for cleanup of structures contaminated by soot from these fires. two such fires have occurred in the united states in recent years, one in 1981 in binghamton, n.y., the other in 1983 in san francisco. the phenomenon of pcb transformation to more toxic substances under ...	1985	3925096
probable pulmonary anisakiasis accompanying pleural effusion.	the first probable human case of pulmonary anisakiasis is reported. a 37-year-old japanese person in california developed pleural effusion after consumption of raw salmon at a seafood restaurant in san francisco. a marked eosinophilia was noted in the blood and pleural exudate. the patient was tested for helminthic infections by intradermal, complement fixation, ouchterlony, and immunoelectrophoresis tests using antigens of various worm species. a specific precipitin band was recognized only wit ...	1985	3920926
human and sylvatic trypanosoma cruzi infection in california.	in august 1982, a 56-year-old woman from lake don pedro, california, developed acute chagas' disease (american trypanosomiasis). she had not traveled to areas outside the united states with endemic chagas' disease, she had never received blood transfusions, and she did not use intravenous drugs. trypanosoma cruzi cultured from the patient's blood had isoenzyme patterns and growth characteristics similar to t. cruzi belonging to zymodeme z1. triatoma protracta (a vector of trypanosoma cruzi) infe ...	1985	3919598
an analysis of a prehistoric homicide from northern california.	an analysis was performed on a prehistoric human vertebral column recovered during an archaeological excavation in the sierra of northern california. fifteen burials believed to represent the maidu culture of 400 to 700 years ago were recovered. the vertebral column from one of the individuals is particularly significant because of three embedded projectile points. the analysis attempts to recreate the trajectory of each point; to determine the possible extent of damage done by each with emphasi ...	1985	3897450
[albert müller-deham--an unjustly forgotten austrian pioneer in geriatrics].	albert mueller-deham played a role of great importance in the history of american and general geriatrics. he was born in 1881 in vienna where he studied medicine. after graduation he was an intern, and later assistant professor at the first university department of medicine in vienna. among his teachers were such famous names as von nothnagel, von noorden und wenckebach. in 1925 he was appointed chief of the medical department in the large, renowned "versorgungsheim lainz" in vienna and became d ...	1985	3887766
[ethics investigating committee: does the individual's responsibility disappear?. interview by bjørn arild ostby].		1985	3854566
[large staff of volunteers in california milk bank].		1985	3852831
development of a breast milk banking program at a university medical center "nursing at a distance".		1985	3849669
the people vote on abortion funding: colorado and washington.	on election day 1984, colorado voters narrowly approved an amendment to the state constitution cutting off all public funds for abortion. that same election day saw an effort to end abortion funding in the state of washington fail decisively. in both states, the effort to terminate funding was led by antiabortion activists who sought to characterize the issue as an economic one. failure of the colorado taxpayers for choice to emphasize the economic impact of the amendment appears to have been ...	1985	3842805
prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection in ethnic minority homosexual/bisexual men.		1987	3820508
selected sexual practices of san francisco heterosexual men and risk of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus.		1987	3820453
seroconversion rates to jamestown canyon virus among six populations of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in indiana.	the annual seroconversion of fawns, yearlings, and adult white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) to jamestown canyon virus (california group) was followed at six indiana sites from 1981 through 1984. in all, sera from 1,642 deer (515 fawns, 618 yearlings, and 509 adults) were tested for neutralizing antibody to three california serogroup viruses: jamestown canyon, la crosse, and trivittatus. virtually all deer with specific neutralizing antibody showed evidence of a prior infection with james ...	1987	3820426
psychosocial predictors of depression. prospective evidence from the human population laboratory studies.	the association between status attributes, personal resources, life stress, physical health, and occurrence of depressive symptoms nine years later was assessed by the 1965 human population laboratory survey of a random sample of 6,928 adults in alameda county, california, and by a subsequent follow-up survey in 1974. in multiple logistic analyses, depressive symptoms at baseline, low education, physical disability or presence of chronic conditions, poor perceived health, personal uncertainty, r ...	1987	3812429
chloramphenicol-resistant salmonella newport traced through hamburger to dairy farms. a major persisting source of human salmonellosis in california.	animal-to-human transmission of drug-resistant salmonella and the role of antimicrobial use in food animals in the emergence of these bacteria are controversial subjects. investigation of a 4.9-fold increase in salmonella newport isolations from californians in 1985 showed that 87 percent of the isolates had an unusual antimicrobial-resistance pattern (including chloramphenicol resistance) and a single, identical plasmid. interviews of 45 patients and 89 matched controls in los angeles county sh ...	1987	3807951
pregnant women as fetal containers.	when mrs. pamela monson was charged under a california child support statute following the death of her newborn son, she became the first woman to be criminally prosecuted for acts and omissions during pregnancy. as a result of her not having followed her doctor's advice, her son was born with massive brain damage and died a few weeks later. annas contends that the crime of "fetal neglect" has serious implications for pregnant women who may lose their rights, suffer invasion of privacy, and ev ...	1986	3804722
benefits associated with wic supplemental feeding during the interpregnancy interval.	interpregnancy wic supplementation was evaluated by comparing maternal nutritional status indicators and subsequent birth outcomes of 703 wic participants divided into two groups. study group women received postpartum benefits for 5-7 mo while control group women received postpartum benefits for only 0-2 mo. both groups received prenatal benefits during each of two study pregnancies. infants born to study group women had a higher mean birthweight (131 g) and birthlength (0.3 cm) and a lower risk ...	1987	3799501
north american brugian filariasis: report of nine infections of humans.	nine people living in rhode island, new york, pennsylvania, florida, or california acquired autochthonous brugian filariasis. each patient had an enlarged lymph node containing a single worm or, in one patient, a pair of worms. most worms were in lymphatic vessels within the node, but two worms were in the substance of the node. ten worms were studied, seven female and three male. female worms contained paired uteri that occupied most of the body cavity of the worm, and male worms contained a si ...	1986	3789271
stable nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios in bone collagen as indices of prehistoric dietary dependence on marine and terrestrial resources in southern california.	the ratios of 15n to 14n and 13c to 12c tend to be higher in marine than in terrestrial organisms. the concentrations of these isotopes in human bone collagen consequently can be used to make inferences about the contribution of marine and terrestrial resources to prehistoric diets. the utility of studying 15n/14n and 13c/12c ratios in conjunction with each other is illustrated by our analysis of 40 human burials from archaeological sites in the santa barbara channel area of southern california. ...	1986	3777147
academic senate members' knowledge of federal requirements for the protection of human subjects in research.		1986	3737814
benzene levels in ambient air and breath of smokers and nonsmokers in urban and pristine environments.	benzene levels in human breath and in ambient air were compared in the urban area of san francisco (sf) and in a more remote coastal pristine setting of stinson beach, calif. (sb). benzene analysis was done by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (gc-ms). ambient benzene levels were sevenfold higher in sf (2.6 +/- 1.3 ppb, n = 25) than sb (0.38 +/- 0.39 ppb, n = 21). in sf, benzene in smokers' breath (6.8 +/- 3.0 ppb) was greater than in nonsmokers' breath (2.5 +/- 0.8 ppb) and smokers' ambient ...	1986	3735457
the life-cycle research productivity of mathematicians and scientists.	declining research productivity with age is implied by economic models of life-cycle human capital investment but is denied by some recent empirical studies. the purpose of the present study is to provide new evidence on whether a scientist's output generally declines with advancing age. a longitudinal data set has been compiled for scientists and mathematicians at six major departments, including data on age, salaries, annual citations (stock of human capital), citations to current output (flow ...	1986	3722738
factors influencing the transmission of western equine encephalomyelitis virus between its vertebrate maintenance hosts and from them to humans.	a simple model is used to explore the extent to which the uniquely comprehensive studies of western equine encephalomyelitis in kern county, california, by reeves and his colleagues over many years, explain the dynamics and epidemiology of the infection. it is concluded that not only does this series of integrated field and laboratory studies successfully account for these phenomena, to an extent which is unlikely to be substantially improved upon, not least because of the inherent difficulties ...	1987	3688320
a new threat to pregnant women's autonomy.	courts and legislatures are increasingly being called upon to restrict the autonomy of pregnant women by requiring them to behave in ways that others determine are best for the fetuses they carry. the state should not attempt to transform pregnant women into ideal baby-making machines. pregnant women make decisions about their behavior in the context of the rest of their lives, with all the attendant complexities and pressures. our interest in helping future children by improving prenatal care w ...	1987	3667248
risk of aids for recipients of blood components from donors who subsequently developed aids.	reported cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in san francisco as of march 31, 1986, include 92 individuals who had donated blood subsequent to 1978. their donated blood components had been transfused into 406 different recipients. the current status of 336 of these recipients was ascertained as of april 1, 1986. of these, 223 had died at the time of our first contact, almost all as a result of the condition for which they were transfused. seven had developed aids; five of these di ...	1987	3663947
the sexual history-taking and counseling practices of primary care physicians.	as part of a statewide survey of experiences related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and competencies of a random sample of primary care physicians in california done in early 1986, we interviewed 1,000 internists, family and general practitioners about their sexual history-taking and counseling practices. less than 4% have patients complete a history form that includes questions about sexual orientation or practices, and only 10% ask new patients questions specific enough to identify ...	1987	3660773
the san francisco men's health study: iii. reduction in human immunodeficiency virus transmission among homosexual/bisexual men, 1982-86.	the prevalence and incidence of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) has been under study in a cohort of 1,034 single men recruited by area probability sampling from a six kilometer square area of san francisco where the epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) has been most severe. prevalence of infection among homosexual/bisexual study subjects increased from an estimated 22.8 per cent during the last half of 1982 to 48.6 per cent during the period july through dece ...	1987	3646848
risk factors for aids and hiv seropositivity in homosexual men.	the authors compared cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) diagnosed in san francisco, california, during 1983-1984 with human immuno-deficiency virus (hiv) antibody-negative neighborhood and clinic controls, looking for risk factors for clinical aids. they also compared antibody-positive with antibody-negative neighborhood and clinic controls for risk factors for hiv infection. odds ratios were 52.0 for aids and 7.8 for seropositivity for more than 100 sexual partners versus 0-5 pa ...	1987	3646828
your signature is valuable; watch where you put it.		1986	3641604
envenomation by the sac spider chiracanthium mildei.	a 19-year-old man was abruptly awakened during the night by the painful bite of a female sac spider, later identified as chiracanthium mildei. an erythematous urticarial plaque formed immediately. later, punctate macules appeared, and the bite site became indurated. the clinical response was similar to those reported following bites by chiracanthium spiders in japan, australia, europe, massachusetts, georgia, indiana, california, and hawaii. the necrotic lesions associated with some of those bit ...	1987	3621996
human immunodeficiency virus infections in children: public health and public policy issues.		1987	3547286
sexual practices and risk of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus. the san francisco men's health study.	the san francisco men's health study is a prospective study of the epidemiology and natural history of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a cohort of 1034 single men, 25 to 54 years of age, recruited by multistage probability sampling. at entry, june 1984 through january 1985, the seropositivity rate for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection among homosexual/bisexual study participants was 48.5%. no heterosexual participants were hiv seropositive. among homosexual/bisexual men repo ...	1987	3540327
human and experimental anisakiasis in the united states.	in the past 13 years, 24 cases of anisakiasis have been reported in the united states. of these, 14 were infections by phocanema sp. and found in california and alaska, and most were of the tissue non-invasive type. the remaining 10 cases were infections by larvae of anisakis type i (l3 and l4). of these 10 cases, 4 were found on the west coast, 5 were on the east coast and one was in hawaii. in 3 of the 10 cases, the parasite invaded the digestive tract. a characteristic symptom of the throat n ...	1986	3527918
jarvis edwin seegmiller: his contribution to research on purine metabolism, a background to the fifth international symposium on human purine and pyrimidine metabolism--july 28th to august 1st, 1985, san diego, california, u.s.a.		1986	3524130
influenza in the elderly: report of an outbreak and a review of vaccine effectiveness reports.	an outbreak of influenza a in nursing home residents is reported and other studies of influenza vaccine effectiveness in elderly populations are reviewed. the outbreak occurred in a los angeles nursing home between february and march 1983. of the 87 residents, 46 (53%) were affected with influenza-like illness. attack rates were similar between immunized and unimmunized residents (52% versus 58%), and yielded a vaccine effectiveness estimate of 10%. no additional protection could be demonstrated ...	1986	3515797
aedes canadensis, a vector of la crosse virus (california serogroup) in ohio.	aedes canadensis was shown to be a vector of la crosse (lac) virus in ohio through isolation of lac virus from field-collected specimens, infection of 54 of 72 (75%) individuals when fed on viremic suckling mice and transmission of lac virus by 29 (54%) of infected individuals. frequent identification of ae. canadensis as a human biting species implicates it as an auxiliary vector of lac virus to man. a possible regional association in ohio of ae. canadensis and type c lac virus is discussed.	1986	3507473
clinical, immunologic, and serologic findings in men at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the san francisco men's health study.	forty-nine percent of homosexual/bisexual men were positive for antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in a population-based probability sample of 1034 single men recruited from san francisco. all heterosexual men were negative. among seropositive men, marked lymphadenopathy was present in 29%, and 16% had at least two other symptoms or signs suggestive of hiv infection. however, lymphadenopathy alone failed to indicate severity of immune impairment. the occurrence of two or more cli ...	1987	3491910
mptp toxicity: clinical features.	mptp causes acute irreversible parkinsonism in man that mimics the idiopathic condition exactly. it is therefore a better model of the naturally occurring disease than previously described cases secondary to other chemicals or viruses.	1986	3489070
air conditioning and television as protective factors in arboviral encephalitis risk.	in california, the advent of television and air conditioned housing has coincided with a general decrease in mosquito-borne viral encephalitis cases in humans in the past 25 years. during this same period, levels of vector populations, virus activity in vectors, birds, and horses has been high at times. air conditioning and television encourage persons to remain indoors during summer evenings, the primary time when infected culex tarsalis transmit western equine encephalomyelitis and st. louis e ...	1986	3486605
human immunodeficiency virus infections among civilian applicants for united states military service, october 1985 to march 1986. demographic factors associated with seropositivity.	during the six months from october 1985 through march 1986, blood samples from 306,061 civilian applicants for military service from the united states were tested for antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). four hundred sixty subjects were positive for the antibody as determined by western (immune) blot reactivity. the mean prevalence of hiv infection in this population of teenagers and young adults was thus 1.50 per 1000. according to multivariate analysis, the following demographic ...	1987	3474519
human immunodeficiency virus infection in women in the san francisco bay area.		1987	3474426
human immunodeficiency virus infection in heterosexual intravenous drug users in san francisco.	to investigate the risk of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in san francisco, the prevalence of antibodies to hiv was determined in 281 heterosexual intravenous drug users recruited from community-based settings. ten per cent of subjects had elisa and western blot confirmed seropositivity for antibodies (95 per cent ci 6.8-14.2 per cent). analysis of behavioral factors revealed an increased risk of seropositivity in addicts who reported regularly sharing needles when injecti ...	1987	3467596
antifluoridationists persist: the constitutional basis for fluoridation.	the controversy surrounding fluoridation persists. in recent years opponents of fluoridation have resorted to the courts with increasing frequency and have achieved a few victories in the trial courts. to date, however, no appellate court has ruled against fluoridation. this article discusses the constitutional basis for the court decisions upholding fluoridation and the main arguments put forth by the antifluoridationists. five of the more recent cases are summarized, as is the first fluoridati ...	1986	3465958
behavioral risk factors for hiv infection among homosexual men at a boston community health center.	social and behavioral factors associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection were analyzed using cross-sectional data from homosexual and bisexual male clients of a boston community health center. partners from california, and a previous period of greater sexual activity (a "high period"), were independently associated with positive hiv antibody status, as were the frequency of receptive anogenital contact, both during the "high period" and during the last six months.	1988	3422139
prevalence of psychiatric disorders among men infected with human immunodeficiency virus. a controlled study.	we used structured diagnostic interviews and rating scales to assess lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders, by dsm-iii criteria, among an unselected sample of 56 ambulatory homosexual men in four groups: men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), men with aids-related complex (arc), men asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic but seropositive for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), and hiv-seronegative men. an age- and demographically matched comparison group of 22 healthy ...	1988	3415427
observations in the rehabilitation hospital: twenty years of research.	for the past 20 years two research groups, one in texas and one in california, have been making systematic observations of rehabilitation hospital activities. in both programs interest in recording behavior originated with an environmental psychology orientation. the texas investigations focused primarily on individuals with spinal cord injury, both during rehabilitation and after discharge. in california, the study populations have been primarily those with strokes. early work revealed that pat ...	1988	3408334
factors affecting the probability of use of general and medical health and social/community services for mexican americans and non-hispanic whites.	are individual characteristics associated with use of general and mental health and human service sectors similar for mexican americans (mas) and non-hispanic whites (nhws)? we addressed this question using data from the los angeles site of the nimh epidemiologic catchment area program. a random sample of the general population of two mental health catchment areas was interviewed in 1983-1984. with four exceptions, individual variation in sociodemographic factors, insurance coverage, and health ...	1988	3374179
leads from the mmwr. human rabies--california, 1987.		1988	3373656
experience with human immunodeficiency virus infection in patients with hepatitis b virus and hepatitis delta virus infections in los angeles, 1977-1985.	stored serum specimens from 723 patients with acute hepatitis b and 228 patients with chronic hepatitis b seen between 1977 and 1985 in the hepatitis clinic of the los angeles county-university of southern california medical center, los angeles, ca, were tested for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (anti-hiv). risk factors were ordered hierarchically; cases with multiple risk factors were tabulated only in the risk group listed first on the clinic records. anti-hiv was first detected in 1 ...	1988	3369423
selenium and human health implications in california's san joaquin valley.	an evaluation was conducted on the human health impacts of elevated levels of selenium in the kesterson national wildlife refuge and its surroundings in merced county, california. investigative activities of various agencies were summarized and assessed. agricultural waste water not intended for human use showed elevated selenium concentrations of up to 1400 ppb. levels of selenium in fish (up to 96 ppm, wet weight), aquatic birds (up to 130 ppm in liver, dry weight), and waterfowl (up to 5.3 pp ...	1988	3361620
geographic distribution of human immunodeficiency virus markers in parenteral drug abusers.	drug abuse treatment programs in six regions of the united states collaborated in a study aimed at monitoring trends in the seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibodies. the wide disparities in hiv seroprevalence in the face of similarities in drug using behavior have important implications for prevention. in the new york city area (harlem, brooklyn), 61 per cent of samples (n = 280) obtained in late 1986 were positive, up from 50 per cent of samples (n = 585) in early 1985. i ...	1988	3348473
impact of urban disaster on a university trauma center.	on the eve of the 1984 summer olympics, a deranged man drove his car at high speed onto a pedestriancrowded sidewalk in a suburb of los angeles. the ucla medical center, located two blocks from the scene, received 17 of 51 casualties. one patient arrived in full cardiac arrest and could not be resuscitated. six had minor injuries or temporary hysteria and did not require admission to hospital. the mean injury severity score of the 10 patients who were admitted was 13.6 (range 3 to 48). three pat ...	1988	3348038
simultaneous detection of antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus and of the surface antigen of hepatitis b virus in human serum.		1988	3346573
the response of state agencies to aids, addiction, and alcoholism.	state agencies have been profoundly impacted by the aids epidemic. in the absence of a vaccine that would prevent aids or of medicines that would cure it, the primary strategies of such agencies have focused on reducing the spread of aids by promoting cessation of high risk behaviors and thus preventing or slowing its transmission. recent research indicates that the primary route of aids transmission into the general heterosexual population is by intravenous (iv) drug abusers, who directly accou ...	1987	3329446
amphetamine detection during toxicology screening of a university medical center patient population.	the frequency of detection of "amphetamines" (amphetamine and/or methamphetamine) in the toxicology tests of a university medical center patient population was evaluated by retrospective review of the results of 2,900 toxicology test profiles performed on urine during the year 1986-87. ten percent of these (291 cases) were positive for either amphetamine alone or amphetamine in conjunction with methamphetamine--a substantial increase from the 3% noted in 1978 at this medical center. amphetamines ...	1987	3323543
clinical and serologic studies of canine borreliosis.	during 1984 and 1985, blood samples were obtained from 271 dogs that were suspected of having borreliosis. the dogs lived in areas known to be infested with ticks and had been examined because of limb/joint disorders or for unknown illnesses marked by fever, anorexia, or fatigue. lameness had been the most frequently reported clinical manifestation. analyses of serum specimens, by an indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) method or by an elisa, detected antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi, the etiol ...	1987	3319989
the ecology of western equine encephalomyelitis virus in the central valley of california, 1945-1985.	reeves' concept of the summer transmission cycle of western equine encephalomyelitis virus in 1945 was that the virus was amplified in a silent transmission cycle involving mosquitoes, domestic chickens, and possibly wild birds, from which it could be transmitted tangentially to and cause disease in human and equine populations. extensive field and laboratory studies done since 1945 in the central valley of california have more clearly defined the specific invertebrate and vertebrate hosts invol ...	1987	3318522
sex differences in addict careers. 1. initiation of use.	five-hundred-sixty-seven heroin addicts admitted to methadone maintenance treatment programs in southern california were included in the present analysis. systematic comparisons were made between women and men for anglo and chicano subpopulations. the behaviors compared focused on initial drug use and other antecedent behaviors during the year prior to initiation of heroin use including interpersonal relationships, other substance use, drug dealing, legal income, and various criminal behaviors. ...	1987	3318399
lyme borreliosis in california. acarological, clinical, and epidemiological studies.	the relative abundance of, and spirochetal-infection rates in, adult ixodid ticks from eight lyme borreliosis clinical-case areas and two comparison areas were investigated in northern california from late fall to early spring, 1984-87. the western black-legged tick (ixodes pacificus) was the most abundant species at seven of nine sites yielding specimens as determined with a tick drag method. the pacific coast tick (dermacentor occidentalis) was the most abundant species at two sites, and lesse ...	1988	3263826
aids funding: competing needs and the politics of priorities.	despite the department of health and human service's 1983 claim that aids is the nation's "number one health priority," funding for aids research, prevention, and treatment remains inadequate. worse, it is often marshaled from or juxtaposed against other necessary health allocations. consequent aids-related resource crises include diverting funds for research on other diseases to aids investigations, propping up aids prevention efforts at the expense of traditional sexually transmitted disease c ...	1988	3235241
hiv disease prevention and treatment. a model for local planning.	since first reported in 1981, about a fourth of all cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the united states have occurred in california. in response to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic, california has developed a five-point strategy consisting of epidemiologic surveillance; prevention education; the provision of medical treatment and supportive services; research; and continuous planning, evaluation, and coordination of programs. given the size and tremendous environm ...	1988	3227698
human trials of aids vaccine.		1988	3187913
testing for human immunodeficiency virus in substance abuse treatment.		1988	3166488
hazards of occupational transmission and strategies for prevention of infectious disease in dental education.	the emergence of aids has alerted the nation's health care community to the dangers of occupational transmission of infectious disease. this article assesses the risk of occupational transmission in the health care setting and examines two prevention strategies: vaccination programs and infection control protocols. the implementation of these strategies by the school of dentistry, university of california at san francisco, is recounted to illustrate an institutional response to the issue of infe ...	1988	3165416
genetic analysis of cleft lip with or without cleft palate in chinese kindreds.	cleft lip with or without cleft palate (cl +/- p) affects 1 in 500-1,000 newborns worldwide; the cause remains unclear. for cl +/- p, asians are at higher risk than caucasians or blacks. this report presents the results of a genetic analysis of 163 cl +/- p proband families ascertained in shanghai, china. based on statistical tests of several predictions from the classical multifactorial/threshold model, no evidence could be found to support it. further, goodness-of-fit (pgoodfit) tests of this ...	1986	3146289
epidemic listeriosis associated with mexican-style cheese.	in los angeles county, california, 142 cases of human listeriosis were reported from january 1 through august 15, 1985. ninety-three cases (65.5 percent) occurred in pregnant women or their offspring, and 49 (34.5 percent) in nonpregnant adults. there were 48 deaths: 20 fetuses, 10 neonates, and 18 nonpregnant adults. of the nonpregnant adults, 98 percent (48 of 49) had a known predisposing condition. eighty-seven percent (81 of 93) of the maternal/neonatal cases were hispanic. of the listeria m ...	1988	3137471
human rabies--california, 1987.		1988	3130561
seropositivity for hiv and the development of aids or aids related condition: three year follow up of the san francisco general hospital cohort.	the three year actuarial progression rate to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) in a cohort of men in san francisco who were seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) was 22%. an additional 26 (19%) developed aids related conditions. beta 2 microglobulin concentration, packed cell volume, hiv p24 antigenaemia, and the proportion and number of t4 lymphocytes each independently predicted progression to aids. beta 2 microglobulin was the most powerful predictor. the 111 su ...	1988	3126959
health risks of pcb spills from electrical equipment.	the southern california edison company (sce) has instituted a series of control strategies designed to minimize human exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in electrical equipment used on its system. this paper describes a method of analyzing pcb risks using conservative estimates of human intake of pcbs originating from accidental spills from electrical equipment. the pcb releases from the edison system were determined. the fate of these releases in soil, air, and water was analyzed to d ...	1986	3112870
capillary gas chromatography of cotton dusts associated with human pulmonary function studies.	the effects of geographical area of growth and cotton variety on pulmonary activity have been evaluated through human volunteer exposure studies conducted by niosh and usda at the cotton quality research station, clemson, s.c. these studies demonstrate that carding california cottons releases dust with less human pulmonary activity than dust released from the corresponding mississippi cottons. dust released from texas cottons grown in 1982 was considerably less active than the dust from texas co ...	1987	3105302
epidemic non-a, non-b hepatitis in patients from pakistan.	epidemic non-a, non-b hepatitis was diagnosed in three young pakistani men during a 10-month period at the los angeles county-university of southern california medical center. all three patients had recently visited or lived in karachi, pakistan. none had serologic markers of hepatitis b virus infection or igm antibody (acute-phase) to hepatitis a virus. a liver biopsy from one patient showed marked cholestasis and cholangiolar transformation of hepatocytes, a pattern previously described in pat ...	1987	3099621
elizabeth bouvia: whose space is this anyway?	elizabeth bouvia, a quadriplegic victim of cerebral palsy, sued riverside hospital in california two years ago for the right to refuse feeding via a nasogastric tube. bouvia fled to mexico when she lost the case, but later returned to california and again sought hospital care without force feedings, though this time she agreed to eat voluntarily. in september 1985 she was transferred from los angeles county-usc medical center to high desert hospital, which instituted a policy of force feeding ...	1986	3084400
tuberculosis--united states, 1985--and the possible impact of human t-lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus infection.	data on the number of reported cases of tuberculosis in the us in 1985 support the hypothesis that human t-lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (htlv-iii/lav) infection of persons infected with the tubercle bacillus has caused an increase in tuberculosis in some areas. the 21,801 tuberculosis cases reported in 1985 represented a 2% decline from the 1984 total of 22,255 cases. however, the average decline in the 1982-84 period was 6.7%, indicating a slowing of the downwa ...	1986	3080659
whose waste is it anyway? the case of john moore.	the author reports on a july 1988 decision of a california court of appeals (moore v. regents of the university of california) that recognized a proper cause of action against a doctor who used the diseased spleen he had removed from a patient to produce a product now being tested as an aids treatment without the patient's consent to this use of his spleen cells. the legal concepts of ownership, abandonment, and consent are analyzed as they apply to human body parts, and it is proposed that the ...	1988	3066788
age and sex biases in the preservation of human skeletal remains.	inaccuracies introduced through biases in preservation are a major source of error in paleodemographic reconstructions. although it is generally assumed that such biases exist, little is known about their magnitude. to investigate this problem, we studied age and sex differences in the preservation of skeletal remains from mission la purisima and a prehistoric cemetery (ca-ven-110). comparison of mortality profiles obtained through analysis of skeletal remains and burial records from the mission ...	1988	3046371
anencephalic organ donor program suspended; loma linda report expected to detail findings.		1988	3045354
donor organs from human anencephalics: a salutory resource for infant heart transplantation.		1988	3043848
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in children: report of the centers for disease control national surveillance, 1982 to 1985.	since national surveillance for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) began in 1981, the centers for disease control (cdc) has received reports of more than 20,000 cases of aids in the united states. as of december 31, 1985, 307 of these cases had been diagnosed in children younger than 13 years of age. the number of cases is increasing rapidly. the number of cases reported in 1985 more than doubled those reported in 1984. the major risk factors in children for acquiring infection with the c ...	1987	3035476
association of human t lymphotropic virus type iii antibodies with sexual and other behaviors in a cohort of homosexual men from boston with and without generalized lymphadenopathy.	forty asymptomatic homosexually active men seen at a boston community health center and 39 men with generalized lymphadenopathy were interviewed and filled out detailed epidemiologic questionnaires. twenty percent of the asymptomatic men and 92 percent of those with lymphadenopathy had antibodies to human t lymphotropic virus type iii (htlv-iii). none of the men have subsequently had the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). seropositivity was associated with receptive anal intercourse and ...	1986	3006486
virus-neutralizing activity, serologic heterogeneity, and retrovirus isolation from homosexual men in the los angeles area.	human retroviruses have been causally associated with the development of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) in groups of individuals at high risk including intravenous drug users, hemophiliacs, and homosexual men. aside from classic aids, homosexual men also develop persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (pgl) which is considered a part of the aids-related complex (arc). we have isolated 70 strains of retroviruses related to human t-lymphotropic viruses type iii (htlv-iii) from patie ...	1986	3006329
the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a cohort of homosexual men. a six-year follow-up study.	a cohort of 6875 homosexual men, initially seen at the san francisco city clinic between 1978 and 1980, were studied to determine the incidence and prevalence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, related conditions, and infection with the human t-lymphotropic virus, type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (htlv-iii/lav). by december 1984, 2.4% of the men had the syndrome; mortality attributable to the syndrome in 1984 was 600/100 000. for each man with the syndrome in a representative sa ...	1985	2990275