Publications

pyrosequencing of 16s rrna gene amplicons to study the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract of carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	the microbes in the gastrointestinal (gi) tract are of high importance for the health of the host. in this study, roche 454 pyrosequencing was applied to a pooled set of different 16s rrna gene amplicons obtained from gi content of common carp (cyprinus carpio) to make an inventory of the diversity of the microbiota in the gi tract. compared to other studies, our culture-independent investigation reveals an impressive diversity of the microbial flora of the carp gi tract. the major group of obta ...	2011	22093413
extracellular ph dynamics of retinal horizontal cells examined using electrochemical and fluorometric methods.	extracellular h(+) has been hypothesized to mediate feedback inhibition from horizontal cells onto vertebrate photoreceptors. according to this hypothesis, depolarization of horizontal cells should induce extracellular acidification adjacent to the cell membrane. experiments testing this hypothesis have produced conflicting results. studies examining carp and goldfish horizontal cells loaded with the ph-sensitive dye 5-hexadecanoylaminofluorescein (haf) reported an extracellular acidification on ...	2012	22090459
in vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of astragalus polysaccharides against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocyte damage in common carp (cyprinus carpio).	the present study is aiming at evaluating the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of astragalus polysaccharide (aps) on the carbon tetrachloride (ccl(4))-induced hepatocyte and liver injury in common carp in vitro and in vivo. in vitro, aps (200, 400 and 800 μg/ml) was added to the carp primary hepatocytes before (pre-treatment), after (post-treatment) and both before and after (pre- and post-treatment) the incubation of the hepatocytes with ccl(4) at 8 mm in the culture medium. aps at conc ...	2012	22089693
atr-x syndrome in two siblings with a novel mutation (c.6718c>t mutation in exon 31).	atr-x syndrome is an x-linked mental retardation syndrome characterized by mental retardation, alpha thalassaemia and distinct facial features which include microcephaly, frontal hair upsweep, epicanthic folds, small triangular nose, midface hypoplasia and carp-shaped mouth. here we report two brothers with clinical features of atr-x syndrome, in whom a novel missense (c>t) mutation was identified in exon 31 of the atrx gene.	2011	22089611
inductive expression of toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5) and associated downstream signaling molecules following ligand exposure and bacterial infection in the indian major carp, mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala).	toll-like receptors (tlrs) are one of the key components of innate immunity. among various types of tlrs, tlr5 is involved in recognizing bacterial flagellin and after binding, it triggers myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (myd88)-dependent signaling pathway to induce pro-inflammatory cytokines. in this report, we analyzed the expression profile of tlr5 and its associated downstream signaling molecules like myd88 and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) receptor-associated factor (traf) 6 ...	2012	22085689
molecular characterization and expression analysis of two new c-reactive protein genes from common carp (cyprinus carpio).	c-reactive protein (crp) plays an important role in the acute phase response. transcripts encoding two new crp-like molecules (cccrp1 and cccrp2) from european common carp have been characterized which has enabled seven crp-like genes to be identified in zebrafish. 79.3% (cccrp1) and 74.5% (cccrp2) identity to crp from east-asian common carp occurs and fish crp genes form a distinct clade. cccrp2 gene organization comprises four exons and three introns, in contrast to the two exons/one intron or ...	2012	22079493
effects of the commercial formulation containing fipronil on the non-target organism cyprinus carpio: implications for rice-fish cultivation.	the aim of this research was to evaluate possible toxic effects of commercial formulation containing fipronil on cyprinus carpio tissues under rice field conditions. antioxidant profile (sod, catalase, glutathione s-transferase), oxidative stress parameters (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, protein carbonyl), and growth were investigated in carp exposed to fipronil under rice field conditions for 7, 30, and 90 days. waterborne insecticide concentrations were measured and the detectable c ...	2012	22078114
influences of incorporating detoxified jatropha curcas kernel meal in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) diet on the expression of growth hormone- and insulin-like growth factor-1-encoding genes.	jatropha curcas is a drought-resistant shrub or small tree widespread all over the tropics and subtropics. the use of j. curcas (l) kernel meal in fish feed is limited owing to the presence of toxic and antinutritional constituents. in this study, it was detoxified using heat treatment and organic solvent extraction method. the detoxification process was carried out for 60 min to obtain the detoxified meal. cyprinus carpio l. fingerlings (n = 180; avg. wt. 3.2 ± 0.07 g) were randomly distributed ...	2013	22077318
khawia japonensis (cestoda: caryophyllidea): another invasive parasite of carp, cyprinus carpio l., imported to europe.		2011	22074021
organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in sediments and fish from freshwater cultured fish ponds in different agricultural contexts in north-eastern france.	organochlorine pesticides (hcb, hch with α-, β-, and γ isomers, heptachlor, cis-heptachlor epoxyde, trans-heptachlor epoxyde, endosulfan with α- and β isomers, sulfate endosulfan, o,p'-ddt, p,p'-ddt, o,p'-dde, p,p'-dde, o,p'-ddd, p,p'-ddd, chlorothalonil, alachlor, aldrin, dieldrin, methoxychlor, oxychlordane, chlordane with α- and γ isomers, p,p'-dicofol and o,p'-dicofol) and indicators pcbs (iupac nos. 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180) were studied both in sediments and muscles of farmed fi ...	2012	22071217
Social Defeat during Adolescence and Adulthood Differentially Induce BDNF-Regulated Immediate Early Genes.	Stressful life events generally enhance the vulnerability for the development of human psychopathologies such as anxiety disorders and depression. The incidence rates of adult mental disorders steeply rises during adolescence in parallel with a structural and functional reorganization of the neural circuitry underlying stress reactivity. However, the mechanisms underlying susceptibility to stress and manifestation of mental disorders during adolescence are little understood. We hypothesized that ...	2011	22065953
revision of khawia spp. (cestoda: caryophyllidea), parasites of cyprinid fish, including a key to their identification and molecular phylogeny.	monozoic cestodes of the genus khawia hsü, 1935 (caryophyllidea: lytocestidae), parasites of cyprinid fish in europe, asia, africa and north america, are revised on the basis of taxonomic evaluation of extensive materials, including recently collected specimens of most species. this evaluation has made it possible to critically assess the validity of all 17 nominal species of the genus and to provide redescriptions of the following seven species considered to be valid: khawia sinensis hsü, 1935 ...	2011	22053617
Antioxidant effect of propolis against exposure to chromium in Cyprinus carpio.	The aim of the present study was to investigate the ameliorative properties of propolis against the toxic effects of chromium (VI) by examining oxidative damage markers such as lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant defence system components in carp (Cyprinus carpio). The fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of chromium. Propolis was simultaneously administered to chromium-exposed fish. Treatment was continued for 28 days, and at the end of this period, blood and tissue (liver, kidney, ...	2011	22052654
generation of the first bac-based physical map of the common carp genome.	common carp (cyprinus carpio), a member of cyprinidae, is the third most important aquaculture species in the world with an annual global production of 3.4 million metric tons, accounting for nearly 14% of the all freshwater aquaculture production in the world. apparently genomic resources are needed for this species in order to study its performance and production traits. in spite of much progress, no physical maps have been available for common carp. the objective of this project was to genera ...	2011	22044723
Growth rate, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in rock carp (Procypris rabaudi Tchang) exposed to supersaturated total dissolved gas.	Total dissolved gas supersaturation (TDGS) appears when the pressures of gases in a solution exceed the barometric pressures. TDGS is often caused by flood discharge at dams. It may lead to gas bubble disease (GBD) for fish and biochemical responses of selected fish and other aquatic organisms. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of long-term TDGS levels on the growth and biochemical responses of rock carp (Procypris rabaudi Tchang) dwelling in the upper reaches of the Yangtze ...	2011	22042655
bioaccumulation, depuration and biotransformation of 4,4'-dibromodiphenyl ether in crucian carp (carassius auratus).	polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) are extensively used as a class of flame retardants and have become ubiquitous environmental pollutants. significant biotransformation of some pbdes via reductive debromination has been observed. however, little is known about the fate of lower brominated bdes in fish. in this study, the tissue distribution, excretion, depuration and biotransformation of 4,4'-dibromodiphenyl ether (bde 15) were investigated in crucian carp (carassius auratus) which were exp ...	2012	22036552
effects of long-term exposure to simazine in real concentrations on common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	the effects of a 90 day simazine exposure at concentrations of 0.06 (reported concentration in czech rivers), 1, 2, and 4 μg l⁻¹ were assessed in one-year-old common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). its influence on biometric parameters, hematology, blood biochemistry, liver biomarkers, and histology was investigated. biometric parameters of common carp exposed to simazine at 0.06 μg l⁻¹ showed no differences from untreated fish. simazine concentrations of 1, 2, and 4 μg l⁻¹ caused significant (p<0.01 ...	2012	22036208
molecular evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of a highly pathogenic fish rhabdovirus, the spring viremia of carp virus (svcv).	spring viremia of carp virus (svcv), which causes an acute hemorrhagic and highly contagious disease in cyprinids, was first described in europe and subsequently reported in parts of asia and north america. svcv can be classified into four genogroups: ia, ib, ic, and id. while ia and id have wide circulation and are reported to cause outbreaks in north america and europe, respectively, ib and ic were last reported in the 1980s. we used a bayesian framework to determine the nucleotide substitutio ...	2011	22033044
gill remodeling in crucian carp during sustained exercise and the effect on subsequent swimming performance.	gill remodeling can be extensive in crucian carp, where up to a 7.5-fold increase in gill surface area has been observed during exposure to hypoxia through a reduction in the interlamellar cell mass (ilcm) and increased lamellar protrusion that has been hypothesized to be signaled by the need to maximize oxygen uptake under a given condition. sustained aerobic exercise may have the greatest influence on oxygen demand in fish; however, its effect on gill remodeling in crucian carp has not been in ...	2011	22030846
pathological and ecological host consequences of infection by an introduced fish parasite.	the infection consequences of the introduced cestode fish parasite bothriocephalus acheilognathi were studied in a cohort of wild, young-of-the-year common carp cyprinus carpio that lacked co-evolution with the parasite. within the cohort, parasite prevalence was 42% and parasite burdens were up to 12% body weight. pathological changes within the intestinal tract of parasitized carp included distension of the gut wall, epithelial compression and degeneration, pressure necrosis and varied inflamm ...	2011	22022606
bothriocephalus acheilognathi (cestoda) in the endangered fish profundulus hildebrandi (cyprinodontiformes), mexico.	the asian fish tapeworm, bothriocephalus acheilognathi, has been considered one of the most dangerous parasites for cultured carp and a risk for native freshwater fish populations worldwide. this cestode is highly pathogenic for fishes especially fry. in this paper we record b. acheilognathi parasitizing the endangered and endemic freshwater fish profundulus hildebrandi from the endorheic basin of san crist6bal de las casas, chiapas, mexico. b. acheilognathi was recorded from 10 of the 11 sample ...	2011	22017116
multi-tasking role of the mechanosensing protein ankrd2 in the signaling network of striated muscle.	ankrd2 (also known as arpp) together with ankrd1/carp and darp are members of the marp mechanosensing proteins that form a complex with titin (n2a)/calpain 3 protease/myopalladin. in muscle, ankrd2 is located in the i-band of the sarcomere and moves to the nucleus of adjacent myofibers on muscle injury. in myoblasts it is predominantly in the nucleus and on differentiation shifts from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. in agreement with its role as a sensor it interacts both with sarcomeric proteins ...	2011	22016770
marine and farmed fish on the polish market: comparison of the nutritive value and human exposure to pcdd/fs and other contaminants.	chemical analyses were performed in nine fish species that are popular on the polish market. these included baltic fish (cod, herring, salmon), fish farmed in poland (carp, trout), marine fish imported from china (alaska pollock, sole), and farmed fish imported from vietnam and china (sutchi catfish, tilapia). the nutritional composition (amino acid, micro- and macronutrients, fat-soluble vitamins - a(1), d(3), e) and certain contaminants (organochlorine pesticides, ocps; indicator polychlorinat ...	2011	22014661
distribution of cuo nanoparticles in juvenile carp (cyprinus carpio) and their potential toxicity.	adverse effect of engineered nanoparticles (nps) on the aquatic environment and organisms has recently drawn much attention. this paper reports on the toxicity of cuo nps to juvenile carp (cyprinus carpio) and their distribution in the fish. cuo nps and its counterpart bulk particles (bps) (10, 50, 100, 200, 300, 500 and 1000 mg l(-1)) exhibited no acute toxicity (96 h), while during the 30 day sub-acute toxicity test, carp growth was significantly inhibited by cuo nps (100 mg l(-1)) in comparis ...	2011	22014442
effect of dietary arginine on growth, intestinal enzyme activities and gene expression in muscle, hepatopancreas and intestine of juvenile jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian).	the present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that dietary arginine promotes digestion and absorption capacity, and, thus, enhances fish growth. this improvement might be related to the target of rapamycin (tor) and eif4e-binding protein (4e-bp). a total of 1200 juvenile jian carp, cyprinus carpio var. jian, with an average initial weight of 6·33 (se 0·03) g, were fed with diets containing graded concentrations of arginine, namely, 9·8 (control), 12·7, 16·1, 18·5, 21·9 and 24·5 g argini ...	2011	22013925
[correlation and path analyses of phenotypic traits and body mass of transgenic carp with growth hormone gene of salmon].	thirty 2-year old transgenic carp individuals with growth hormone gene of salmon were randomly selected to study the affecting degree of their phenotypic traits on their body mass by the methods of correlation and path analyses, with 30 individuals of non-transgenic carp as the control, aimed to ascertain the main phenotypic parameters affecting the body mass of the transgenic and non-transgenic carps. the test phenotypic traits were total length, body length, body height, least height of caudal ...	2011	22007470
Interspecies comparisons on the uptake and toxicity of silver and cerium dioxide nanoparticles.	An increasing number and quantity of manufactured nanoparticles are entering the environment as the diversity of their applications increases, and this will lead to the exposure of both humans and wildlife. However, little is known regarding their potential health effects. We compared the potential biological effects of silver (Ag; nominally 35 and 600-1,600?nm) and cerium dioxide (CeO(2;) nominally <25?nm and 1-5?µm) particles in a range of cell (human hepatocyte and intestinal and fish hepato ...	2012	22002553
modulation of cytochrome p450 and induction of dna damage in cyprinus carpio exposed in situ to surface water treated with chlorine or alternative disinfectants in different seasons.	epidemiological studies have shown an association between consumption of disinfected drinking water and adverse health outcomes. the chemicals used to disinfect water react with occurring organic matter and anthropogenic contaminants in the source water, resulting in the formation of disinfection by-products (dbps). the observations that some dbps are carcinogenic in animal models have raised public concern over the possible adverse health effects for humans. here, the modulation of liver cytoch ...	2012	22001235
comparative responsiveness to natural and synthetic estrogens of fish species commonly used in the laboratory and field monitoring.	exposure to estrogenic chemicals discharged into the aquatic environment has been shown to induce feminization in wild freshwater fish and although fish species have been reported to differ in their susceptibility for these effects, empirical studies that directly address this hypothesis are lacking. in this study, in vitro erα activation assays were applied in a range of fish species used widely in chemical testing (including, zebrafish, fathead minnow, medaka) and/or as environmental monitorin ...	2012	22000336
evaluation and comparison of the species-specificity of 3 antiparvalbumin igg antibodies.	parvalbumin is a pan-allergen in fish and frogs that triggers ige-mediated reactions in fish-allergic individuals. previous studies demonstrated that antibodies raised against fish and frog parvalbumins displayed varying specificity for different fish species, and thus, the applicability of these antibodies for potential use in immunoassays to detect fish residues were limited. we aimed to determine the specificity of 3 igg antibodies for various fish species. indirect enzyme-linked immunosorben ...	2011	21999209
safeguarding the welfare of farmed fish at harvest.	fish welfare at harvest is easily compromised by poor choice of handling and slaughter methods, lack of attention to detail and by unnecessary adherence to fish farming traditions. the harvest process comprises fasting the fish to empty the gut, crowding the fish, gathering and moving the fish using brails, fish pumps, and sometimes also road or boat transport and finally stunning and killing the fish. the harvesting processes commonly used for bass, bream, carp, catfish, cod, eel, halibut, pang ...	2012	21989953
autoantibodies recognizing carbamylated proteins are present in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and predict joint damage.	autoimmune responses against posttranslationally modified antigens are a hallmark of several autoimmune diseases. for example, antibodies against citrullinated protein antigens (acpa) have shown their relevance for the prognosis and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (ra), and have been implicated in disease pathogenesis. it is conceivable that other autoantibody systems, recognizing other posttranslationally modified proteins, are also present in ra. here, we describe the presence of an autoanti ...	2011	21987802
comparison of the protective effects of antioxidant compounds in the liver and kidney of cd- and cr-exposed common carp.	the aim of this study was to see whether the taurine (tau), alpha-lipoic acid (la), curcumin (cur), and n-acetylcysteine (nac) protection against oxidative stress caused by heavy metals is owed to the metal-decreasing or antioxidative effect. in this context, liver and kidney tissues of common carp (cyprinus carpio carpio l.) were exposed in vivo to model toxicants cadmium (cd) and chromium (cr). the tissues were dissected 96 h after intraperitoneal injection of the metals and antioxidant substa ...	2011	21987389
Molecular characterization of Atractolytocestus sagittatus (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), monozoic parasite of common carp, and its differentiation from the invasive species Atractolytocestus huronensis.	Sequence structure of complete internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 (ITS1 and ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA region and partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene sequences were studied in the monozoic tapeworm Atractolytocestus sagittatus (Kulakovskaya et Akhmerov, 1965) (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), a parasite of common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio L.). Intraindividual sequence diversity was observed in both ribosomal spacers. In ITS1, a total number of 19 recombinant clones yiel ...	2011	21987104
reservoirs of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) dna in sediments of natural lakes and ponds.	cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) is a lethal dna virus that infects common carp and koi. it has caused outbreak of the disease within both aquaculture and natural environmental ecosystems. however, there is not enough understanding of the distribution of cyhv-3 in the natural environments, partly because there is no suitable quantification method. in this study, we tested cyhv-3 extraction methods from sediment and then compared its abundance between sediment and water using real-time pcr. sedime ...	2011	21983526
consequent effects of the great cormorant (phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) predation on parasite infection and body condition of common carp (cyprinus carpio).	lesions ranging from surface wounds to deep tissue wounds caused by cormorant predation were observed on several species of the farmed fish in pohořelice, czech republic. two-year-old stocked common carp cyprinus carpio harvested in late march were examined for ectoparasites and endoparasites, injuries extent, and lysozyme concentration in skin mucus. additionally, three body condition indices were measured. endoparasite infection occurred only scarcely. wounded fish were more susceptible to the ...	2011	21979786
bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants (pops) in fish species from lake koka, ethiopia: the influence of lipid content and trophic position.	the concentrations and bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants (pops) were determined in four fish species from lake koka, ethiopia, representing 2-3 levels in the food chain of the lake. dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (ddts), endosulfans, polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and chlorpyrifos were identified, with ddts as the most predominant pesticide, with concentration ranging from 0.05 to 72.53ngg(-1) wet weight (ww). all fish tissue samples collected from different species of the lak ...	2011	21978619
fish out of water: terrestrial jumping by fully aquatic fishes.	many teleosts that live at the water's edge will voluntarily strand themselves to evade predators or escape poor conditions-this behavior has been repeatedly observed in the field for killifishes (cyprinodontiformes). although most killifishes are considered fully aquatic and possess no obvious morphological specializations to facilitate terrestrial locomotion, individuals from several different species have been observed moving across land via a "tail flip" behavior that generates a terrestrial ...	2011	21972177
an observer study for a computer-aided reading protocol (carp) in the screening environment for digital mammography.	the aims of this study were to investigate improving work flow efficiency by shortening the reading time of digital mammograms using a computer-aided reading protocol (carp) in the screening environment and to increase detection sensitivity using carp, compared to the current protocol, commonly referred to as the quadrant view (qv).	2011	21971259
sequence of the pearl oyster carbonic anhydrase-related protein and its evolutionary implications.	carbonic anhydrases are conserved in vertebrates and invertebrates, and a noncatalytic carbonic anhydrase-related protein viii (carp viii) has been found in deuterostomes and the phylum placozoa. i isolated a cdna encoding a noncatalytic carp from the mantle of the pearl oyster pinctada fucata. the polypeptide (carp-1) predicted from the nucleotide sequence shares 44-60% identity with known carp viii sequences, and its phylogenetic analysis showed that p. fucata formed a single group with deuter ...	2012	21964518
surface ultrastructure of the gill filaments and the secondary lamellae of the catfish, rita rita, and the carp, cirrhinus mrigala.	surface ultrastructures of gill filaments and secondary lamellae of rita rita and cirrhinus mrigala, inhabiting different ecological habitat, were investigated to unravel adaptive modifications. r. rita is a sluggish, bottom dwelling carnivorous catfish, which inhabits regions of river with accumulations of dirty water. it retains its viability for long time if taken out of water. c. mrigala is an active bottom dwelling indian major carp, which lives in relatively clean water and dies shortly af ...	2012	21956840
comparative study of mercury accumulation in two fish species, (cyprinus carpio and sander lucioperca) from anzali and gomishan wetlands in the southern coast of the caspian sea.	anzali and gomishan wetlands are considered as two of the most important wetlands in southern coast of caspian sea. to investigate mercury accumulation in these ecosystems, total mercury concentrations were measured in the muscle tissue of two fish species. higher mercury concentrations were detected in c. carpio, an omnivorous benthic/pelagic species (anzali wetland: 0.2 μg g(-1) wet weight; gomishan wetland: 0.2 μg g(-1) wet weight), than in s. lucioperca, a carnivorous pelagic species (anzali ...	2011	21956764
accumulation of ²⁴¹am by crucian carp from food and water.		2016	21953235
BDE 49 and developmental toxicity in zebrafish.	The polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a group of brominated flame retardants. Human health concerns of these agents have largely centered upon their potential to elicit reproductive and developmental effects. Of the various congeners, BDE 49 (2,2',4,5'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether) has been poorly studied, despite the fact that it is often detected in the tissues of fish and wildlife species. Furthermore, we have previously shown that BDE 49 is a metabolic debromination product of BDE 99 he ...	2012	21951712
immunotoxicity of 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide on brocarded carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	in the present study, the immunotoxicity of 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide ([c(8)mim]br) on brocarded carp was evaluated by an acute exposure of 100-300mgl(-1) of [c(8)mim]br for 7 days. the results showed 300mgl(-1) of [c(8)mim]br exposure caused activity inhibition of specific and non-specific immune systems, mainly including igm level, lysozyme activity, and complement c3 content, while 100mgl(-1) of [c(8)mim]br activated fish immune system during the early periods of exposure (2-5 days) ...	2012	21944958
reprint of: concentrations, distribution, and bioaccumulation of synthetic musks in the haihe river of china.	seven typical synthetic musks (sms) in the samples from the surface water, sediment and fish of the haihe river were measured. the sm concentrations in the sediment and surface water of the haihe river were significantly lower than those in the dagu drainage river and chentaizi drainage river (p<0.05). along the flow direction, the sm concentrations in surface water and sediment tended to increase from the upstream to the downstream of dagu drainage river. the bioaccumulation factors (bafs) of g ...	2011	21944040
efficacy of quinine against ichthyophthiriasis in common carp cyprinus carpio.	ichthyophthiriasis, caused by ichthyophthirius multifiliis, is an economically important worldwide parasitic disease that infects all freshwater fish. since the banning of malachite green for use in food fish, there has been a great need for alternative therapeutants. the goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of quinine against i. multifiliis. parasite developmental stages from our laboratory-established life cycle in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss were exposed to quinine in vitr ...	2011	21932533
toxicological responses of cyprinus carpio exposed to a commercial formulation containing glyphosate.	the effects of commercial glyphosate herbicide formulation on the activity of acetylcholinesterase (ache) enzyme and oxidative stress were studied in cyprinus carpio exposed for 96 h to 0.0, 0.5, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/l and then allowed to equal recovery period in water without herbicide. the activity of ache was inhibited in the brain and in the muscle after exposure. however, after recovery period brain and muscle ache activity increased. brain thiobarbituric acid reactive species (tbars) were ...	2011	21931962
study of the effects of the casein derived bitter tastant on the melanophores in milieu with the melatonin receptors.	the present study was undertaken to ascertain whether the casein derived bitter tastant cyclo (leu-trp) [clt] has an affinity or not for the particular receptors of the pineal hormone, melatonin, on the melanophores of a major carp labeo rohita (ham.). the bitter tastant clt, in the dose range of 3.34×10(-16) m to 3.34×10(-4) m, has induced an aggregatory effect but not in a dose dependent manner. binding of clt with the receptors may vary at different concentrations. denervation of the melanoph ...	2011	21929292
genetic diversity of perch rhabdoviruses isolates based on the nucleoprotein and glycoprotein genes.	despite the increasing impact of rhabdoviruses in european percid farming, the diversity of the viral populations is still poorly investigated. to address this issue, we sequenced the partial nucleoprotein (n) and complete glycoprotein (g) genes of nine rhabdoviruses isolated from perch (perca fluviatilis) between 1999 and 2010, mostly from france, and analyzed six of them by immunofluorescence antibody test (ifat). using two rabbit antisera raised against either the reference perch rhabdovirus ...	2011	21927897
technical note: viability and motility of vitrified/thawed primordial germ cell isolated from common carp (cyprinus carpio) somite embryos.	the feasibility of cryopreserving common carp (cyprinus carpio) primordial germ cells (pgc) by vitrification of whole embryos at the 22- to 28-somite stage was investigated. green fluorescent protein (gfp)-labeled pgc were cooled rapidly using liquid nitrogen after exposure to a pretreatment solution containing 1.5 m cryoprotectant (ethylene glycol or dimethyl sulfoxide, 30 or 50 min) and a vitrification solution containing 3 m cryoprotectant and 0.5 m sucrose (5, 10, 20, or 30 min). embryonic c ...	2012	21926320
decabromodiphenyl ether (bde-209) enters the food web of the river po and is metabolically debrominated in resident cyprinid fishes.	decabromodiphenyl ether (bde-209), the primary constituent of a widely used flame retardant formulation, is present at relatively high levels in sediments and macroinvertebrates of the river po. since it was demonstrated that bde-209 can be biotransformed to smaller and more toxic polybrominated dipheyl ethers (pbdes), the main objective of this study was to assess whether the large quantities of bde-209 present in the river po are bioavailable to the higher levels of the food web and are biotra ...	2011	21925710
Myo-inositol prevents copper-induced oxidative damage and changes in antioxidant capacity in various organs and the enterocytes of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian).	Although oxidative stress has been demonstrated to be involved in copper (Cu)-induced toxicity, information regarding the effect of antioxidants on Cu toxicity is still scarce. This study assessed the possible protective effects of myo-inositol (MI) against subsequent Cu exposure in juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) in vivo and in their enterocytes in vitro. First, oxidative stress was established by exposing fish to different concentrations of Cu (0-7.2 mg Cu/L water) for 4 days. N ...	2011	21924699
establishment, characterization and viral susceptibility of a new cell line derived from goldfish, carassius auratus (l.), tail fin.	a continuous cell line [goldfish tail fin (gftf)] derived from a goldfish tail fin, carassius auratus, was established and characterized. gftf cells predominantly consist of fibroblast-like cells that were maintained and subcultured more than 50 times over a period of 15 months. cells grew at temperatures between 15 and 37°c, with an optimum temperature of 25°c. the growth rate of gftf cells increased proportionally with the foetal bovine serum (fbs) concentration (5-20%), with optimum growth at ...	2011	21916901
pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in allogynogenetic silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio.	the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin (ef) was investigated after single intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) administration of 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) in 300 healthy allogynogenetic silver crucian carp at 24-26°c. the plasma concentrations of ef and its metabolite ciprofloxacin (cf) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. after i.v. administration, the plasma concentration-time data were described by an open two-compartment model. the elimination half-life (t(1/2β)), area un ...	2012	21913940
impairment of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system and oxidative stress in liver of crucian carp (carassius auratus l.) exposed to microcystins.	hepatotoxic microcystins (mcs) are produced by cyanobacteria in diverse water bodies and the pathophysiology includes induction of reactive oxygen species and adenosine triphosphate (atp) depletion in cells. in this study, we evaluated mcs induced changes in the oxidative phosphorylation (oxphos) system in mitochondria of crucian carp liver. fish were subdivided into two groups that were intraperitoneally injected with two doses of mcs (50 and 200 mc-lreq μg/kg bw) and were sacrificed at 1, 3, 1 ...	2011	21913302
sublethal toxicity of esbiothrin relationship with total antioxidant status and in vivo genotoxicity assessment in fish (cyprinus carpio l., 1758) using the micronucleus test and comet assay.	esbiothrin, synthetic pyrethroid with quick activity against insects, is widely used against household pests and in public health. despite widespread use, data on ecotoxicity and genotoxic effects are extremely scarce. the aim of the present study is to evaluate the genotoxic potential of esbiothrin on a model fish species cyprinus carpio l., 1758 (pisces: cyprinidae, koi) using the micronucleus test and comet assay in peripheral blood erythrocytes. effects of two sublethal exposure concentratio ...	2013	21913301
identification of common carp innate immune genes with whole-genome sequencing and rna-seq data.	the common carp is a candidate model system for immunology research. using next-generation sequencing technology, we have generated a huge amount of sequence reads from the carp genome and transcriptome. currently, our aim is to identify carp genes involved in the development of the innate immune response, particularly tir domain-containing genes, from a preliminary genome assembly. to achieve this, we developed a comprehensive gene identification pipeline. this analysis allowed us to estimate t ...	2011	21908900
The alloherpesviral counterparts of interleukin 10 in European eel and common carp.	Viral interleukin 10 (IL-10) like open reading frames have been identified in several pox- and herpesviruses, including the fish herpesviruses Anguillid herpesvirus 1 (AngHV-1) and Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3). European eel (Anguilla anguilla) IL-10 was sequenced, in order to compare European eel and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) IL-10 with their alloherpesviral counterparts. Homology between the virus and host IL-10 amino acid sequences is low, which is confirmed by phylogenetic analysis. Ho ...	2011	21907290
Antiviral protection mechanisms mediated by ginbuna crucian carp interferon gamma isoforms 1 and 2 through two distinct interferon gamma-receptors.	Fish genomes possess three type II interferon (IFN) genes, ifn?1, ifn?2 and ifn?-related (ifn?rel). The IFN?-dependent STAT signalling pathway found in humans and mice had not been characterized in fish previously. To identify the antiviral functions and signalling pathways of the type II IFN system in fish, we purified the ifn?1, ifn?2 and ifn?rel proteins of ginbuna crucian carp expressed in bacteria and found them to elicit high antiviral activities against crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis ...	2011	21903635
Antagonists of anaphase-promoting complex (APC)-2-cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory protein (CARP)-1 interaction are novel regulators of cell growth and apoptosis.	CARP-1/CCAR1, a perinuclear phosphoprotein, is a regulator of cell growth and apoptosis signaling. Although CARP-1 is a regulator of chemotherapy-dependent apoptosis, it is also a part of the NF-?B proteome and a co-activator of steroid/thyroid nuclear receptors as well as ß-catenin signaling. Our yeast two-hybrid screen revealed CARP-1 binding with the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome E3 ubiquitin ligase component APC-2 protein. CARP-1 also binds with anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome co ...	2011	21903591
dose dependence specific and non-specific immune responses of indian major carp (l. rohita ham) to intraperitoneal injection of formalin killed aeromonas hydrophila whole cell vaccine.	specific and non-specific immune response to different doses of formalin killed whole cell vaccine of aeromonas hydrophila to indian major carp (labeo rohita) was evaluated in laboratory condition. three different doses (10(5) cfu/ml, 10(7) cfu/ml, 10(10) cfu/ml) were administered (0.2 ml/fish) intraperitoneally for 1 month. among the three doses, 10(10) cfu/ml elicited the highest antibody and protective response followed by the doses 10(7) cfu/ml and 10(5) cfu/ml. upon challenge with the virul ...	2011	21901335
Potential of carotenoids in aquatic yeasts as a phylogenetically reliable marker and natural colorant for aquaculture.	Apart from Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous, pink colony-forming yeasts have not been examined as a pigmentation source in captive animals. In this study, aquatic yeasts were screened with a view to abundances of carotenoids. Phylogenetic analyses of these caroetnoid-rich yeasts based on large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU rDNA) partial sequences showed that all belonged to the order Sporidiobolales. Both the qualitative and the quantitative differences in carotenoids between the yeasts appeared ...	2011	21897034
evaluations of the nutritional value of jatropha curcas protein isolate in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	jatropha curcas seeds are rich in oil and protein. the oil is used for biodiesel production. jatropha seed cake (jsc) obtained after oil extraction is rich in protein; however, it is toxic (phorbol esters content 1.3 mg/g) and consists of 50-60% shells, which are indigestible. the principle of isoelectric precipitation was used to obtain jatropha protein isolate (jpi) from jsc and it was detoxified (djpi). carp (n = 45, 20.3 ± 0.13 g) were randomly distributed into five groups with three replica ...	2012	21895778
Early intrauterine embryonic development in Khawia sinensis Hsü, 1935 (Cestoda, Caryophyllidea, Lytocestidae), an invasive tapeworm of carp (Cyprinus carpio): an ultrastructural study.	Intrauterine embryonic development in the caryophyllidean tapeworm Khawia sinensis has been investigated using transmission electron microscopy and cytochemical staining with periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate for glycogen. Contrary to previous light microscopy findings that reported the release of non-embryonated eggs of K. sinenesis to the external environment, the present study documents various stages of embryonation (ovoviviparity) within the intrauterine eggs of this cestode ...	2011	21894510
Dietary supplementation with Cynodon dactylon (L.) enhances innate immunity and disease resistance of Indian major carp, Catla catla (Ham.).	Indian major carp (Catla catla) was subjected to study the immunostimulatory effects when the grass Cynodon dactylon(L) ethanolic extract administrated as feed supplement. C. catla was fed with 0% (Control), 0.05% (group I), 0.5% (group II) and 5% (group III) extract provided for 60 days. Blood samples were collected at every 10 days of interval up to 60 days for analyzing the non-specific humoral (lysozyme activity, antiprotease activity and haemolytic complement) and cellular (production of re ...	2011	21888977
ecotoxicological impacts of clofibric acid and diclofenac in common carp (cyprinus carpio) fingerlings: hematological, biochemical, ionoregulatory and enzymological responses.	investigation on the toxic effects of pharmaceutical drugs namely clofibric acid (ca) and diclofenac (dcf) were studied in a common carp cyprinus carpio at different concentrations such as 1, 10 and 100 μg l(-1) for a short-term period of 96 h under static bioassay method. at all concentrations, red blood cell (rbc), plasma sodium (na(+)), potassium (k(+)), and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (got) levels were decreased in fish treated with ca and dcf. contrastingly, white blood cell (wbc), ...	2011	21885190
principles of calcium-based biomineralization.	the chapter provides some basic information on the formation principles of calcium carbonate in biological systems in marine environment in the point of view of materials science in order to provide strategies for biomimetic design and preparation of new functional materials. many researchers try to explain the principles of biomineralization and get some valuable conclusions. this chapter introduces some calcium-based biominerals in aquatic organisms which mainly include calcium carbonate and c ...	2011	21877266
influence of temperature regime on endocrine parameters and vitellogenesis during experimental maturation of european eel (anguilla anguilla) females.	we examined the effect of temperature in european silver eels during their maturation induced by injections of carp pituitary extract on endocrine parameters: pituitary fshβ and lhβ expression, plasma 17β-estradiol (e2) and vitellogenin, estrogen receptor 1 (esr1), and vitellogenin 2 (vtg2) expression in liver. a variable thermal regime (t10) that increased from 10° to 14° and 17°c was compared with a constant 20°c regime (t20) during 12 weeks. t10 caused a faster development until week 8, highe ...	2011	21871894
a genetic linkage map and comparative genome analysis of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) using microsatellites and snps.	a genetic linkage map is a powerful research tool for mapping traits of interest and is essential to understanding genome evolution. the aim of this study is to provide an expanded genetic linkage map of common carp to effectively carry out quantitative trait loci analysis and conduct comparative mapping analysis between lineages. here, we constructed a genetic linkage map of common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) using microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers in a 159 sibling f ...	2011	21870156
tissue distribution of dechlorane plus and its dechlorinated analogs in contaminated fish: high affinity to the brain for anti-dp.	information on tissue distribution of dechlorane plus (dp) and its dechlorinated analogs in wildlife is scarce. dp isomers and two dechlorinated compounds, anti-cl(11)-dp and anti-cl(10)-dp, were examined in the muscle, liver, and brain tissues of two bottom fish species collected from an electronic waste recycling site, south china. the median levels of syn-, anti-, and anti-cl(11)-dp isomers in the tissues ranged 0.18-39.1, 0.22-52.9, and 0.01-5.63 ng/g wet wt, respectively. anti-cl(10)-dp was ...	2011	21864960
do temporal and geographical patterns of hbcd and pbde flame retardants in u.s. fish reflect evolving industrial usage?	polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) and hexabromocyclododecane (hbcd) are common flame retardants in polymers and textiles. recognition of the persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic properties of pbdes has prompted reductions in their use. in contrast, hbcd has received less scrutiny. the u.s has historically been a dominant bfr consumer. however, the few publications on hbcd in wildlife here suggest modest levels compared to asian and european studies. in contrast, the hbcd concentrations we ...	2011	21863854
[study on contamimation of endocrine disrupting chemicals in aquatic environment of qiantang river].	to study contamination of endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs) in aquatic environment of qiantang river.	2011	21861354
ecotoxicological assessment of cobalt used as supplement in the diet of common carp cyprinus carpio.	experiments were performed in the laboratory to determine if excess levels of co used as dietary supplement (0.0, 0.05, 0.10 and 1.0%) to enhance growth of the fish cyprinus carpio was safe for aquatic organisms. lethal concentrations of co for tadpole of toad bufo melanostictus (96 h lc(50), 17.2 mg/l), oligochaet worm branchiura sowerbyi (96 h lc(50), 179 mg/l) and crustacean zooplankton diaptomus forbesi (96 h lc(50), 1.5 mg/l) were compared with the concentration of co in the medium leached ...	2011	21858707
effects of biologically-active chemical mixtures on fish in a wastewater-impacted urban stream.	stream flow in urban aquatic ecosystems often is maintained by water-reclamation plant (wrp) effluents that contain mixtures of natural and anthropogenic chemicals that persist through the treatment processes. in effluent-impacted streams, aquatic organisms such as fish are continuously exposed to biologically-active chemicals throughout their life cycles. the north shore channel of the chicago river (chicago, illinois) is part of an urban ecosystem in which >80% of the annual flow consists of e ...	2011	21849205
management implications of the response of two tilapiine cichlids to long-term changes in lake level, allodiversity and exploitation in an equatorial lake.	the tilapiine cichlids oreochromis leucostictus and tilapia zillii were introduced into lake naivasha, kenya, in 1956. previous studies on data collected to 1987 revealed they were persistent following establishment, despite environmental variability and exploitation. recent data, however, suggest this persistence is under threat as data indicate some significant declines in aspects of their abundance since 1999. the influence of changes in lake level, allodiversity and fishing effort on this de ...	2011	21848136
development and validation of a reverse transcription quantitative pcr for universal detection of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus.	viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) infects over 70 fish species inhabiting marine, brackish or freshwater environments throughout the northern hemisphere. over its geographic range, 4 vhsv genotypes and multiple subtypes exist. here, we describe the development and validation of a rapid, sensitive and specific real-time reverse transcription quantitative pcr assay (rt-qpcr) that amplifies sequence from representative isolates of all vhsv genotypes (i, ii, iii and iv). the pan-specific vhs ...	2011	21848118
first detection of pike fry-like rhabdovirus in barbel and spring viraemia of carp virus in sturgeon and pike in aquaculture in the czech republic.	rapid antigen detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) testing of cell cultures with organ homogenate from fish, collected from farms with a predominance of common carp or in natural aquaculture in the czech republic between 1995 and 2008, identified piscine vesiculovirus in 27 of 178 samples. using reverse transcription semi-nested pcr, targeting a 550 nucleotide region of the glycoprotein (g) gene, piscine vesiculovirus was confirmed in 23 of the 27 organ samples diagnosed by elisa ...	2011	21848117
[role of aeromonas in the monitoring of a hydroecosystem in the volga-caspian area].	the paper gives data obtained over many years on the quantity of bacteria of the genus aeromonas in the hydroecosystems of the delta of the volga and caspian sea and in commercial fishes (sturgeon (acipenseridae), pike perch (stizostedion), carp (cyprinus carpio), silurus (silurus glanis), etc.). it provides a detailed analysis of their seasonal trends and spatial distribution, markers of their pathogenicity, and antibiotic resistance. the findings suggest that aeromonas is a causative agent of ...	2011	21842729
characterization of a new cell line from caudal fin of koi, cyprinus carpio koi, and first isolation of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in china.	a new continuous cell line (kcf-1) from caudal fin of koi, cyprinus carpio koi, was developed and sub-cultured more than 100 passages since the present study was initiated in march 2006. kcf-1 predominantly consisted of short fibroblast-like cells and grew well in dulbecco's modified eagle medium (dmem) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (fbs). chromosome analysis revealed that 56% of the kcf-1 cells maintained normal diploid chromosome number (2n=100) at passage 82. using the kcf-1 cell l ...	2011	21839788
establishment and characterization of a new cell line derived from kidney of grouper, epinephelus akaara (temminck & schlegel), susceptible to singapore grouper iridovirus (sgiv).	a marine fish cell line derived from the kidney of red-spotted grouper, epinephelus akaara, designated as eagk was established and characterized. the eagk cells multiplied well in leibovitz's l-15 medium containing 10% foetal bovine serum at 25ôçâ-¦c and have been subcultured for more than 90 passages. karyotyping, chromosomal typing and ribosomal rna (rrna) genotyping analysis revealed that eagk had a modal diploid chromosome number of 82 and was a fibroblast cell line originated from grouper. ...	2011	21838711
modulation in the protein metabolism by subacute sodium cyanide intoxication in the freshwater fish, labeo rohita (hamilton).	the effects of exposure to one-third and one-fifth sublethal concentrations (0.106 and 0.064ôçëmg/l) of sodium cyanide on protein metabolism on freshwater carp, labeo rohita, was studied. three functionally different tissues, namely, the liver, muscle, and gills, were studied after 5, 10, and 15 days. exposures produced marked changes in protein metabolic profile in all tissues studied. these changes were more pronounced in the one-third sublethal concentration, suggesting a cumulative action of ...	2011	21830916
3d modeling and molecular dynamics simulation of an immune-regulatory cytokine, interleukin-10, from the indian major carp, catla catla.	interleukin-10 (il-10) is a pleiotropic immune-regulatory cytokine that is expressed in various species of fish and higher vertebrates, and is activated during infection. in spite of its important role, il-10 has not been well characterized either functionally or structurally in fish. to analyze its properties and function, we constructed a 3d model of il-10 in the indian major carp, the catla (catla catla), which is a highly preferred fish species and the most commercially important one in the ...	2011	21830101
can pharmaceuticals interfere with the synthesis of active androgens in male fish? an in vitro study.	the in vitro interference of fibrate (gemfibrozil, clofibrate, clofibric acid), anti-inflammatory (ibuprofen, diclofenac), and anti-depressive (fluoxetine, fluvoxamine) drugs with key enzymatic activities-c17,20-lyase and cyp11β-involved in the synthesis of active androgens in gonads of male carp have been investigated. among the tested compounds, fluvoxamine and fluoxetine were the strongest inhibitors of c17,20-lyase and cyp11β enzymes, with ic50s in the range of 321-335 μm and 244-550 μm, res ...	2011	21820682
skin mucus of cyprinus carpio inhibits cyprinid herpesvirus 3 binding to epidermal cells.	abstract: cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) is the aetiological agent of a mortal and highly contagious disease in common and koi carp. the skin is the major portal of entry of cyhv-3 in carp after immersion in water containing the virus. in the present study, we used in vivo bioluminescence imaging to investigate the effect of skin mucus removal and skin epidermis lesion on cyhv-3 entry. physical treatments inducing removal of the mucus up to complete erosion of the epidermis were applied on a de ...	2011	21816061
evaluation of dna damage in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) by comet assay for determination of possible pollution in lake mogan (ankara).	contamination of the aquatic environment with various concentrations of pollutants results in unexpected threats to humans and wildlife. the consequences of exposure and metabolism of pollutants/xenobiotics, especially carcinogens and mutagens, can be suitably assessed by investigating severe events, such as dna damage; for example, dna adducts and dna strand breaks. one of the commonly used techniques to detect dna damage in aquatic organisms is single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). th ...	2011	21805014
inhibition of cyp450 1a and 3a by berberine in crucian carp carassius auratus gibelio.	berberine has long been considered as an antibiotic candidate in aquaculture. however, studies regarding its effects on drug-metabolizing enzymes in fish are still limited. in the present study, the effects of berberine on cytochrome p4501a (cyp1a) and cyp3a in crucian carp were investigated. injection of different concentrations of berberine (0, 5, 25, 50, and 100mg/kg) inhibited the cyp1a mrna expression, thereby inhibiting further the catalytic activity of cyp1a-related ethoxyresorufin-o-deet ...	2011	21802525
cloning of cdna and prediction of peptide structure of plzf expressed in the spermatogonial cells of labeo rohita.	the promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (plzf) gene containing an evolutionary conserved btb (bric-a-brac/tramtrack/broad complex) domain plays a key role in self-renewal of mammalian spermatogonial stem cells (sscs) via recruiting transcriptional co-repressors. little is known about the function of plzf in vertebrate, especially in fish species. to gain better understanding of its role in fishes, we have cloned plzf from the testis of labeo rohita (rohu), a commercially important freshwater carp ...	2010	21798210
three embryonic myosin heavy chain genes encoding different motor domain structures from common carp show distinct expression patterns in cranial muscles.	three embryonic myosin heavy chain (myh) genes > (myhs) including myh(emb1), myh(emb2) and myh(emb3) and encoding a c-terminal part of myh were previously cloned and demonstrated to be expressed transiently in this order during development of common carp cyprinus carpio embryos. the present study determined the full-length cdna nucleotide sequences encoding the motor domain of the three myhs, suggesting the implication of loop 1 and loop 2 sequences for the differences in the motor functions. ph ...	2010	21798191
intrinsic contractile properties of the crucian carp (carassius carassius) heart during anoxic and acidotic stress.	the crucian carp (carassius carassius) seems unique among vertebrates in its ability to maintain cardiac performance during prolonged anoxia. we investigated whether this phenomenon arises in part from a myocardium tolerant to severe acidosis or because the anoxic crucian carp heart may not experience a severe extracellular acidosis due to the fish's ability to convert lactate to ethanol. spontaneously contracting heart preparations from cold-acclimated (6-8°c) carp were exposed (at 6.5°c) to gr ...	2011	21795637
fish mita serves as a mediator for distinct fish ifn gene activation dependent on irf3 or irf7.	in mammals, cytosolic sensors retinoic acid-inducible gene i (rig-i)-like receptors (rlrs) activate multiple signaling cascades initiating ifn-α/β expression. ifn regulatory factor 3 (irf3) is required for the activation of ifn-β, which, in turn, primes the expression of most ifn-α genes by ifn-induced irf7 through the stat1 pathway. in fish, rig-i overexpression inhibits virus infection by induction of ifn response; however, the subtle signaling cascade mechanism remains to be identified. in th ...	2011	21795596
extending the use of spanish computer-assisted anomia rehabilitation program (carp-2) in people with aphasia.	to extend the use of the spanish computer-assisted anomia rehabilitation program (carp-2) for anomia from a single case to a group of 15 people with aphasia. to evaluate whether the treatment is active (phase 1) for this group (robey & schultz, 1998), providing potential explanations as to why.	2014	21794873
glutathione and malondialdehyde levels in common carp after exposure to simazine.	several water contamination incidents with simazine have occurred in the province of badajoz (spain). simazine residues were also detected in drinking water, increasing public health concern. since little information was found concerning the effects of sublethal concentrations of simazine on aquatic organisms, we investigated some oxidative stress biomarkers in tissues of carps from contaminated waters. results confirmed an increase in tissue reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde levels in car ...	2009	21791394
levels of pcdd/fs and dl-pcbs in selected foods and estimated dietary intake for the local residents of luqiao and yuhang in zhejiang, china.	polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (pcdd/fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-pcbs) were measured by high resolution gas chromatograph/high resolution mass spectrometer (hrgc/hrms) in six food groups from luqiao (lq) where the e-waste has been recycled and from yuhang (yh) where the agriculture dominates in zhejiang province in china. the total who-teq values of pcdd/fs and dl-pcbs in selected foods from lq were significantly much higher than those from yh. the highest level o ...	2011	21788061
assessment of seasonal and sex-related variability of biomarkers in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) from karakaya dam lake, turkey.	this study examines seasonal changes in the activities of selected biomarkers in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) from karakaya dam lake and evaluates the influence of gender and environmental factors on those activities. physicochemical characteristics of water were evaluated in the lakewater. fish were sampled on seasonal basis, and liver ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod), glutathione-s-transferase, glutathione reductase, plasma lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, and bra ...	2011	21787704
effects of atrazine and chlorpyrifos on acetylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase in brain and muscle of common carp.	the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chlorpyrifos (cpf), atrazine (atr) and the mixture of them on acetylcholinesterase (ache) and carboxylesterase (cbe) in brain and muscle of common carp, respectively. 220 carps were averagely divided into 11 groups according to the different treatments and concentration, including the exposure and recovery experiments. the activities of ache and cbe of the brain and muscle were determined at the end of the exposure and the recovery. the res ...	2010	21787625
influence of cypermethrin toxicity on ionic regulation and gill na(+)/k(+)-atpase activity of a freshwater teleost fish cyprinus carpio.	the effects of acute and sublethal toxicity of cypermethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide on plasma electrolytes (na(+), k(+) and cl(-)) levels and gill na(+)/k(+)-atpase activity in a common carp cyprinus carpio were examined. the 24h lc(50) value of cypermethrin for c. carpio was 1.86ppm. during acute exposure, cypermethrin caused adverse effects in the form of hyponatreima, hypokalemia and hypochloremia and inhibition of gill na(+)/k(+)-atpase activity. in sublethal exposure to cypermet ...	2010	21787581
effects of dietary ß-1,3-glucan, chitosan or raffinose on the growth, innate immunity and resistance of koi (cyprinus carpio koi).	this study was performed to determine the efficacy of three immunomodulators viz., ß-1,3 glucan, chitosan and raffinose on the innate immune response of koi, cyprinus carpio koi. kois were divided into 4 groups and each group was fed with diets supplemented with or without immunostimulant for 56 days. total leukocyte counts (wbc), the non-specific humoral (lysozyme, alternative complement pathway and superoxide dismutase) and cellular (phagocytic capacity and respiratory burst activity) response ...	2011	21784160
histopathology of lambda-cyhalothrin on tissues (gill, kidney, liver and intestine) of cirrhinus mrigala.	the histopathology of lambda-cyhalothrin, a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, on the gill, liver, intestine and kidney tissues in fish, mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala), which is one of indian major carp species were determined by light microscopy. the fish were experimentally exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (0.3ppb and 0.6ppb) of lambda-cyhalothrin for 10 days. tissues were normal in the control group. epithelial hyperplasia, aneurism, epithelial necrosis, desquamation, epithelial lifting, oedema, ...	2007	21783823
histopathological changes in the livers and kidneys of fish in sariyar reservoir, turkey.	in this study, a total of 180 fish specimens (wels: silurus glanis-60; common carp: cyprinus carpio-60; bleak: alburnus escherichii-60) of ages between one and two were caught at three different stations in sariyar reservoir. the histological changes in the livers and kidneys of three different species of fish were detected microscopically and evaluated with quantitative analyses. also, organochlorine pesticide residues (ocp) have also been determined in the water and sediment samples and in the ...	2007	21783764