Publications

effect of organic amendments on bacterial multiplication in lake water.	in cayuga lake water amended with 30 micrograms of glucose or amino acids per ml, an added strain of pseudomonas fluorescens and indigenous bacteria grew extensively, pseudomonas sp. b4 and two rhizobia multiplied at a moderate extent, and introduced escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae multiplied but to only a slight degree. the amendments did not enhance growth of micrococcus flavus and arthrobacter citreus, and an asporogenous strain of bacillus subtilis decreased in numbers. the pseudo ...	1990	2372214
rapid detection of extended ganglio-series gangliosides with terminal galnac beta 1-4gal sequence on high performance thin layer chromatography plates.	the mouse monoclonal antibody 2d4, which recognizes the terminal galnac beta 1-4gal-disaccharide of ggose3cer and ggose5cer, was used for the detection of ganglio-series gangliosides. the method involves separation of gangliosides on thin layer chromatography plates, followed by silica gel fixation, arthrobacter ureafaciens neuraminidase treatment and final immunostaining of desialylated gangliosides with the monoclonal antibody 2d4. both neuraminidase and the hybridoma 2d4 producing the specifi ...	1990	2350601
a survey of the microflora of raw and pasteurized milk and the sources of contamination in a milk processing plant in addis ababa, ethiopia.	the microorganisms present in raw and pasteurized milk and the sources of contamination in the milk after it had arrived at the processing plant in addis ababa were studied. the lowest count registered for raw milk samples was 4 x 10(7) cfu/ml while the highest was 1 x 10(9) cfu/ml. pasteurized milk had mesophilic aerobic counts of 7 x 10(5) cfu/ml as it left the pasteurizing unit, but the population increased 2- to 4-fold as a result of subsequent contamination. of the total counts in raw milk, ...	1990	2345191
a repeated decapeptide motif in the c-terminal domain of the ribosomal rna methyltransferase from the erythromycin producer saccharopolyspora erythraea.	re-analysis of the primary structure of the ribosomal rna n-methyltransferase that confers self-resistance on the erythromycin-producing bacterium saccharopolyspora erythraea has confirmed the presence of a c-terminal domain containing extensive repeat sequences. nine tandem repeats can be discerned, with a decapeptide consensus sequence ggrx(h/r)gdrrt, although no single residue is wholly invariant. this highly polar, potentially flexible domain, which is predicted to adopt either a random coil ...	1990	2335200
mechanism for aldose-ketose interconversion by d-xylose isomerase involving ring opening followed by a 1,2-hydride shift.	the active site and mechanism of d-xylose isomerase have been probed by determination of the crystal structures of the enzyme bound to various substrates, inhibitors and cations. ring-opening is an obligatory first step of the reaction and is believed to be the rate-determining step for the aldose to ketose conversion. the structure of a complex with a cyclic thio-glucose has been determined and it is concluded that this is an analogue of the michaelis complex. at -10 degrees c substrates in cry ...	1990	2319597
observations of reaction intermediates and the mechanism of aldose-ketose interconversion by d-xylose isomerase.	crystallographic studies of d-xylose isomerase (d-xylose ketol-isomerase, ec 5.3.1.5) incubated to equilibrium with substrate/product mixtures of xylose and xylulose show electron density for a bound intermediate. the accumulation of this bound intermediate shows that the mechanism is a non-michaelis type. carrell et al. [carrell, h. l., glusker, j. p., burger, v., manfre, f., tritsch, d. & biellmann, j.-f. (1989) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 86, 4440-4444] and the present authors studied crystals ...	1990	2304904
methylamine oxidase from arthrobacter p1.		1990	2280707
utilization of acrylonitrile by bacteria isolated from petrochemical waste waters.	a bacterium, utilising acrylonitrile as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen, was isolated from indian petrochemical corporation limited (ipcl) waste waters and identified as arthrobacter sp. this strain could also utilize acetonitrile, acetamide and acrylamide individually as a source of carbon and nitrogen. the metabolic studies with the whole cells indicated the sequential conversion of the nitrile to the respective amide and then to the respective acid and ammonia. the rate of nitrile hydrol ...	1990	2279769
soluble and cell-associated haemagglutinins of helicobacter (campylobacter) pylori.	some plate-grown strains of helicobacter (campylobacter) pylori that were harvested into phosphate-buffered saline and left for 1 h released soluble haemagglutinins. these caused high-titre agglutination of human and guinea-pig erythrocytes, whereas chicken, sheep and bovine erythrocytes were agglutinated at various titres. six of 10 strains which had been subcultured repeatedly did not possess soluble haemagglutinins. slide agglutination of bacterial suspensions demarcated the strains into two ...	1990	2258915
mechanism of enzymatic dehalogenation of pentachlorophenol by arthrobacter sp. strain atcc 33790.	pentachlorophenol (pcp) dehalogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain atcc 33790 converts pcp to tetrachlorohydroquinone. in labeling experiments with h(2)18o or 18o2, only with h(2)18o was labeled product found. however, unlabeled tetrachlorohydroquinone became labeled after incubation with the enzyme in h(2)18o. therefore, distinction between an oxygenolytic or a hydrolytic dehalogenation mechanism for the pcp dehalogenase is not possible.	1990	2254286
catalytic mechanism of xylose (glucose) isomerase from clostridium thermosulfurogenes. characterization of the structural gene and function of active site histidine.	the gene coding for thermophilic xylose (glucose) isomerase of clostridium thermosulfurogenes was isolated and its complete nucleotide sequence was determined. the structural gene (xyla) for xylose isomerase encodes a polypeptide of 439 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 50,474. the deduced amino acid sequence of thermophilic c. thermosulfurogenes xylose isomerase displayed higher homology with those of thermolabile xylose isomerases from bacillus subtilis (70%) and escherichia co ...	1990	2229064
structural study of cell wall phosphomannan of candida albicans nih b-792 (serotype b) strain, with special reference to 1h and 13c nmr analyses of acid-labile oligomannosyl residues.	chemical structures of manno-oligosaccharides, from biose to heptaose, released from the phosphomannan of candida albicans nih b-792 strain (serotype b) by mild acid hydrolysis were investigated. the results of 1h nmr, 13c nmr, and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry analyses confirmed that these manno-oligosaccharides belong to a homologous beta-1,2-linked series. although chemical shifts of 1h nmr patterns of these oligosaccharides were considerably too complicated to be assigned, their 13 ...	1990	2181936
acii, a unique restriction endonuclease from arthrobacter citreus which recognizes 5' ccgc 3'.		1990	2170952
growth of group a rotaviruses in a human liver cell line.	recent observations in children with rotavirus gastroenteritis and in infant mice given rotavirus vaccine by oral administration suggest that this well-known gastrointestinal pathogen may infect the liver. to examine this possibility, the susceptibility of hep g2 cells to infection with a variety of rotavirus strains was tested. these cells were used because they are considered to be well differentiated and exhibit many liver-specific functions. the hep g2 cells supported the growth of the simia ...	1990	2170264
an examination of proton translocation and energy conservation during heterotrophic nitrification.	whether selected heterotrophic nitrifiers, as do the autotrophs, conserve energy during the oxidation of their nitrogenous substrates was studied. the examination of proton translocation of four different bacterial nitrifiers capable of pyruvic oxime [(po), ch3-c(noh)-cooh] nitrification and by an nh4+ oxidizing arthrobacter sp. was initiated. three of the po nitrifying bacteria, all pseudomonads, oxidize hydroxylamine (nh2oh) at a greater rate than po and yielded only stoichiometric protons whe ...	1990	2157622
reductive trapping of substrate to methylamine oxidase from arthrobacter p1.	methylamine oxidase (ec 1.4.3.6) from arthrobacter p1 was inactivated by nacnbh3 in the presence of [14c]benzylamine, leading to the incorporation of 1 mol of radiolabeled substrate/mol of enzyme subunit at complete inactivation. by contrast, no labeling of enzyme was observed using [3h]nacnbh3 as reductant. these results are analogous to those previously reported for the eukaryotic enzyme, bovine serum plasma amine oxidase [(1987) j. biol. chem. 262, 962-965]. the observed pattern of labeling i ...	1990	2155832
sa11 rotavirus is specifically inhibited by an acetylated sialic acid.	bovine salivary mucin (bsm) inhibits rotavirus replication in vitro and in vivo. the inhibitory effect of bsm in vitro is abolished by arthrobacter ureafaciens neuraminidase but not by clostridia perfringens neuraminidase; it is abolished by mild base deacetylation but not by influenza c acetylesterase. the data suggest that sa11 rotavirus binds to a specific sialic acid structure on bsm different from the sialic acids recognized by other viruses.	1990	2153181
new ganglioside analogs that inhibit influenza virus sialidase.	synthetic thioglycoside-analogs of gangliosides such as neu5ac alpha(2-s-6)glc beta(1-1)ceramide (1) and the gm3 analog neu5ac alpha(2-s-6)gal beta(1-4)glc beta(1-1)ceramide (2), competitively inhibited gm3 hydrolysis by the sialidase of different subtypes of human and animal influenza viruses with an apparent ki value of 2.8 x 10(-6) and 1.5 x 10(-5) m, respectively. the inhibitory activity of the ganglioside gm4 analog [neu5ac alpha(2-s-6)gal beta(1-1)ceramide (3)], in which the glucose of 1 w ...	1990	2136350
[molecular cloning and expression of a dextranase gene from arthrobacter in streptococcus sanguis].	the gene coding for a dextranase activity of arthrobacter cb-8, named dex gene, was isolated and cloned into escherichia coli and into streptococcus sanguis. the gene library was screened by transparent halo formation around the colonies grown on agar medium containing blue dextran. dna fragment consisting of about 3,200 base pairs was prepared for further cloning procedures. dextranase activity was detected in the periplasmic space of e. coli clones, using puc19, pva 838 and their derivatives. ...	1990	2135413
chlorinated biphenyl mineralization by individual populations and consortia of freshwater bacteria.	comparative studies were performed to investigate the contribution of microbial consortia, individual microbial populations, and specific plasmids to chlorinated biphenyl biodegradation among microbial communities from a polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated freshwater environment. a bacterial consortium, designated lps10, was shown to mineralize 4-chlorobiphenyl (4cb) and dehalogenate 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl. the lps10 consortium involved three isolates: pseudomonas testosteroni (lps10a), which m ...	1990	2117875
refinement of glucose isomerase from streptomyces albus at 1.65 a with data from an imaging plate.	the structure of 'metal-free' glucose isomerase of streptomyces albus strain number yt atcc 21132 has been analysed and refined at 1.65 a. the space group is i222, with cell dimensions a = 93.9 (1), b = 99.7 (1) and c = 102.9 (1) a, and there is one monomer of the tetrameric molecule per asymmetric unit. the data were recorded from two crystals of the protein using synchrotron radiation from the embl beamline x11 at desy, hamburg. data were recorded with an imaging plate scanner designed and bui ...	1990	2085424
microbial metabolism of quinoline and related compounds. vi. degradation of quinaldine by arthrobacter sp.	quinaldine catabolism was investigated with the bacterial strain arthrobacter sp., which is able to grow aerobically in a mineral salt medium with quinaldine as sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy. the following degradation products of quinaldine were isolated from the culture fluid and identified: 1h-4-oxoquinaldine, n-acetylisatic acid, n-acetylanthranilic acid, anthranilic acid, 3-hydroxy-n-acetylanthranilic acid and catechol. 3-hydroxy-n-acetylanthranilic acid was not further metaboli ...	1990	2076195
biodegradation of refractory hydrocarbon biomarkers from petroleum under laboratory conditions.	biomarkers are of great value in petroleum exploration because they provide essential information about the geological history of oils and source rocks. steranes are of particular importance as they can be related to naturally occurring precursors. these compounds generally experience intense biodegradation, however, which alters their original distribution and obscures the information that they carry regarding oil maturity and source material. in an attempt to identify the microorganisms respon ...	1991	2052089
occurrence of two structural types of mercury reductases among gram-positive bacteria.	structural variants of mercury reductase containing the n-terminal domain, which is easily cleaved by trypsin, have been found in gram-positive bacteria with a low genomic g + c content (bacillus, staphylococcus and, possibly, some other genera). mercury reductases without the n-terminal domain and relatively resistant to limited proteolysis are typical for gram-positive bacteria with a high genomic g + c content (arthrobacter, citreobacterium, micrococcus, mycobacterium, rhodococcus). both type ...	1991	2040434
metabolism of carbamate insecticides by resting cells and cell-free preparations of a soil bacterium, arthrobacter sp.		1991	2032002
switching substrate preference of thermophilic xylose isomerase from d-xylose to d-glucose by redesigning the substrate binding pocket.	the substrate specificity of thermophilic xylose isomerase from clostridium thermosulfurogenes was examined by using predictions from the known crystal structure of the arthrobacter enzyme and site-directed mutagenesis of the thermophile xyla gene. the orientation of glucose as a substrate in the active site of the thermophilic enzyme was modeled to position the c-6 end of hexose toward his-101 in the substrate-binding pocket. the locations of met-87, thr-89, val-134, and glu-180, which contact ...	1991	2023950
direct evidence that ganglioside is an integral component of the thyrotropin receptor.	gangliosides were extracted from purified human and porcine thyrotropin (tsh) receptors (tsh-r) and were detected by probing with an 125i-labeled sialic acid-specific lectin, limax flavus agglutinin. gangliosides copurified with human and porcine tsh-r migrated between monosialoganglioside gm1 and disialoganglioside gd1a. ceramide glycanase digestion of the purified human tsh-r-associated glycolipid confirmed its ganglioside nature. it was resistant to vibrio cholerae sialidase, which digests al ...	1991	2000404
choline oxidase, a catabolic enzyme in arthrobacter pascens, facilitates adaptation to osmotic stress in escherichia coli.	choline oxidase (ec 1.1.3.17) is a bifunctional enzyme that is capable of catalyzing glycine betaine biosynthesis from choline via betaine aldehyde. a gene (cox) encoding this enzyme in the gram-positive soil bacterium arthrobacter pascens was isolated and characterized. this gene is contained within a 1.9-kb fragment that encodes a polypeptide of approximately 66 kda. transfer of this gene to an escherichia coli mutant that is defective in betaine biosynthesis resulted in an osmotolerant phenot ...	1991	1987142
methylamine oxidase from arthrobacter p1 as a prototype of eukaryotic plasma amine oxidase and diamine oxidase.	methylamine oxidase (maox) from gram-positive soil bacterium arthrobacter p1 catalyzes the oxidation of ch3nh2 to h2c = o and nh4+ via reduction of o2 to h2o2. past work indicates that maox is similar to mammalian plasma amine oxidase (pao) and diamine oxidase (dao), plant dao, and yeast peroxisomal amine oxidase (yao). all have mr congruent to 170,000 and are composed of 2 identical subunits, each of which contains 1 atom of cu(ii) and one molecule of quinonoid cofactor. herein, we report furth ...	1990	1965196
structural determination of d-mannans of pathogenic yeasts candida stellatoidea type i strains: timm 0310 and atcc 11006 compared to ifo 1397.	the structures of the cell-wall d-mannans of pathogenic yeasts of candida stellatoidea type i strains, ifo 1397, timm 0310, and atcc 11006, were investigated by mild acid and, alkaline hydrolysis, by digestion with the arthrobacter gjm-1 strain exo-alpha-d-mannosidase, and by acetolysis. the modified d-mannans and their degradation products were studied by 1h- and 13c-n.m.r. analyses. d-manno-oligosaccharides released by acid treatment from the parent d-mannans were identified as the homologous ...	1991	1954627
antagonistic effect of coryneform bacteria from red smear cheese against listeria species.	a total of 187 coryneform bacteria were isolated from red smear and screened for inhibitory effects against 16 strains of listeria species. culture filtrates from brevibacterium linens (16 strains), arthrobacter nicotianae (4 strains) and arthrobacter nucleogenes (3 strains) showed clear zones of inhibition. the antagonistic effect was seen against 26 to 87% of 91 listeria strains tested. a. nicotianae and a. nucleogenes were more effective against listeria innocua and listeria ivanovii than aga ...	1991	1909545
mannopine and mannopinic acid as substrates for arthrobacter sp. strain mba209 and pseudomonas putida na513.	the characteristics of mannopine and mannopinic acid utilization by agrobacterium tumefaciens b6s3, arthrobacter sp. strain mba209, and pseudomonas putida na513 were studied. strain b6s3 utilized the four mannityl opines, mannopine, mannopinic acid, agropine, and agropinic acid. it also utilized several mannityl opine analogs, which were modified in either the sugar or the amino acid moiety. it utilized mannopine more rapidly after preincubation on mannopine, mannopinic acid, or glutamine than a ...	1991	1902209
the organic functional group in copper-containing amine oxidases. resonance raman spectra are consistent with the presence of topa quinone (6-hydroxydopa quinone) in the active site.	resonance raman spectroscopy has been used to probe the structure of the organic cofactor in copper-containing amine oxidases from bovine plasma, porcine kidney, pea seedlings, and the bacterium arthrobacter p1. the enzymes were first derivatized with phenylhydrazine or p-nitrophenylhydrazine; resonance raman spectra were obtained on the intact derivatized enzymes and on a derivatized active-site peptide isolated from bovine plasma amine oxidase. spectra of the intact amine oxidase phenylhydrazo ...	1991	1900285
experimental apparatus for selection of adherent microorganisms under stringent growth conditions.	a bioreactor apparatus is described for studying bacterial attachment. a cyclic, on-off, flow regime was imposed within the apparatus. model calculations illustrate the utility of this flow pattern in the selection and maintenance of slow-growing, adherent organisms. the apparatus is believed to have general utility in testing bacterial attachment influenced by many types of experimental or environmental constraints, including variations in fluid dynamics, presence of toxic substances (metals or ...	1991	1892388
genetic control of degradation of chlorinated benzoic acids in arthrobacter globiformis, corynebacterium sepedonicum and pseudomonas cepacia strains.	the strains of arthrobacter globiformis kzt1, corynebacterium sepedonicum kz4 and pseudomonas cepacia kz2 capable of early dehalogenation and complete oxidation of 4-chloro-, 2,4-dichloro-and 2-chlorobenzoic acids, respectively, have been analyzed for the origin of the genetic control of degradation. the occurrence and molecular sizes of plasmids in all the strains have been established. plasmid pbs1501 was shown to control 4-chlorobenzoate dehalogenation in the case of kzt1 strain. the same pos ...	1991	1884993
cloning and expression of the arthrobacter globiformis kzt1 fcba gene encoding dehalogenase (4-chlorobenzoate-4-hydroxylase) in escherichia coli.	the fsba gene controlling the first step of 4-chlorobenzoic acid (4cba) metabolism in the gram-positive soil bacterium arthrobacter globiformis kzt1 has been cloned and analysed in escherichia coli. the e. coli minicells analysis showed that a polypeptide(s) with mr = 58 kda (and/or mr = 32 kda) can be the fcba product(s). despite the gene dose amplification and control of the e. coli inducible plac promoter, the level of functional expression of the fcba gene in e. coli cells seems comparable o ...	1991	1884992
description of the erythromycin-producing bacterium arthrobacter sp. strain nrrl b-3381 as aeromicrobium erythreum gen. nov., sp. nov.	arthrobacter sp. strain nrrl b-3381t (t = type strain) is a nonmycelial, nonsporulating actinomycete that produces the macrolide antibiotic erythromycin. this bacterium differs in many ways from the type species of the genus arthrobacter (arthrobacter globiformis), suggesting that a taxonomic revision is appropriate. the g + c content of strain nrrl b-3381t dna is 71 to 73 mol%, and the peptidoglycan of this organism contains ll-diaminopimelic acid. evolutionary distance data obtained from 16s r ...	1991	1883712
[cloning of the arthrobacter globiformis fcba gene for dehalogenase and construction of a hybrid pathway of 4-chlorobenzoic acid degradation in pseudomonas putida].	the artrobacter globiformis kzt1 fcba gene responsible for dehalogenase (4-chlorobenzoate-4-hydroxylase) activity was cloned in escherichia coli and pseudomonas putida cells. the character of the fcba gene expression was studied. notwithstanding amplification of the gene dose and control of the inducible plac promoter, the level of substrate dehalogenation by recombinant e. coli strains was lower, as compared with that in the original kzt1 strain. cloning of the fcba gene in p. putida kz6r cells ...	1991	1879677
marine biosurfactants, ii. production and characterization of an anionic trehalose tetraester from the marine bacterium arthrobacter sp. ek 1.	within a screening for biosurfactants we could isolate various n-alkanes utilizing marine bacteria which were capable of synthesizing glycolipids. one strain was identified as arthrobacter sp. ek 1 which produced trehalose lipids. after purification by column and thick layer chromatography the main fraction, an anionic 2,3,4,2'-trehalose tetraester, was obtained. the chain lengths of fatty acids ranged from 8 up to 14, furthermore succinate could be detected. since the place of substitution of s ...	1991	1878107
marine biosurfactants, i. screening for biosurfactants among crude oil degrading marine microorganisms from the north sea.	three bacterial strains of marine origin were isolated during a screening for biosurfactants among n-alkane degrading microorganisms. one strain-identified as alcaligenes sp. mm1-produced a novel glucose lipid. in the case of arthrobacter sp. ek 1 the well-known trehalose tetraester was found as major component. from another pure culture classified as arthrobacter sp. si 1, extracellular emulsifying agents with properties indicating high molecular weight substances were detected. furthermore tre ...	1991	1878106
molecular cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the arthrobacter dextranase gene and its expression in escherichia coli and streptococcus sanguis.	a bacterial strain, which assimilated dextran and water-insoluble glucan produced by streptococcus mutans, was isolated from soil. the bacterium produced and secreted potent dextranase activity, which was identified as arthrobacter sp. and named cb-8. the dextranase was purified and some enzymatic properties were characterized. the enzyme efficiently decomposed the water-insoluble glucan as well as dextran. a gene library from the bacteria was constructed with escherichia coli, using plasmid puc ...	1991	1859672
d-xylose (d-glucose) isomerase from arthrobacter strain n.r.r.l. b3728. gene cloning, sequence and expression.	arthrobacter strain n.r.r.l. b3728 superproduces a d-xylose isomerase that is also a useful industrial d-glucose isomerase. the gene (xyla) that encodes it has been cloned by complementing a xyla mutant of the ancestral strain, with the use of a shuttle vector. the 5' region shows strong sequence similarity to escherichia coli consensus promoters and ribosome-binding sequences and allows high levels of expression in e. coli. the coding sequence shows similarity to those for other d-xylose isomer ...	1991	1854339
d-xylose (d-glucose) isomerase from arthrobacter strain n.r.r.l. b3728. purification and properties.	d-xylose (d-glucose) isomerase was purified to homogeneity in yields of approx. 1 g/kg of wet cells from a strain of arthrobacter that produces it as about 10% of total soluble protein. it is a tetramer of identical 43,114 da subunits containing a preponderance of acidic residues and no cysteine. partial protein sequences were determined as a step to gene cloning. it requires mg2+, co2+ or mn2+ for activity, mg2+ being best; ca2+ is an inhibitor, competitive with mg2+. it is a good d-glucose iso ...	1991	1854338
a cu(i)-semiquinone state in substrate-reduced amine oxidases.	the role of copper in copper-containing amine oxidases has long been a source of debate and uncertainty. numerous electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) experiments, including rapid freeze-quench studies, have failed to detect changes in the copper oxidation state in the presence of substrate amines. one suggestion that copper reduction might occur, has never been confirmed. copper amine oxidases contain another cofactor, recently identified as 6-hydroxydopa quinone (topa quinone), which is reduc ...	1991	1846226
purification and characterization of haloalcohol dehalogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain ad2.	an enzyme capable of dehalogenating vicinal haloalcohols to their corresponding epoxides was purified from the 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol-utilizing bacterium arthrobacter sp. strain ad2. the inducible haloalcohol dehalogenase converted 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol, 1-chloro-2-propanol, and their brominated analogs, 2-bromoethanol, as well as chloroacetone and 1,3-dichloroacetone. the enzyme possessed no activity for epichlorohydrin (3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane) or 2,3-dichloro-1 ...	1991	1846134
l-phenylalanine production by double auxotrophic mutants of arthrobacter globiformis.	a number of tryptophan-plus-tyrosine double auxotrophs have been isolated from a glutamate producing arthrobacter globiformis excreting l-phenylalanine by two-step mutagenesis with n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. for the three potent mutants tested the medium of alföldi was found to be the best. the optimum tryptophan, tyrosine and biotin concentrations for phenylalanine production of these mutants were 0.5 mmol/l, 0.1 mmol/l and 5 micrograms/l, respectively. at these levels strain tt-39 y ...	1991	1841857
isolation method for lysine-excreting mutants of arthrobacter globiformis.	to improve the yield of lysine by the isolate, auxotrophic mutants were isolated. among the mutants, only one auxotrophic mutant required vitamin b12. this mutant produced alpha-alanine. about 200 mutants resistant to the lysine analog s-(2-aminoethyl)-l-cysteine were isolated and some of them produced well above the wild type.	1991	1841851
l-lysine production by s-2-aminoethyl-l-cysteine-resistant mutants of arthrobacter globiformis.	using mutagenesis with n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine, a number of homoserine auxotrophs have been isolated from a glutamate-producing arthrobacter globiformis excreting l-lysine in good amounts. for further improvement, mutants resistant to the lysine analog s-(2-aminoethyl)-l-cysteine have been isolated from homoserine auxotrophs. for the three potent mutants tested, white's medium was found to be the best. glucose, ammonium nitrate and biotin were found to be optimum at 280 mmol/l, 40 m ...	1991	1841850
determination of glycosylation sites using a protein sequencer and deglycosylation of native yeast invertase by endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase.	endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae was tested for its capacity to release n-linked sugar chains from native yeast invertase. the enzyme liberated about 80% of the sugar chains from the native invertase. deglycosylated invertase was digested by chymotrypsin or pepsin, and twelve n-acetylglucosamine-containing glycopeptides were isolated. the amino acid sequences of these glycopeptides were analyzed by a protein sequencer, and the elution position of 4-l-aspartylglyc ...	1991	1805802
enzymatic synthesis of novel oligosaccharides by use of transglycosylation activity of endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae.	the transglycosylation activity of endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae was used for the enzymatic synthesis of novel oligosaccharides. when (man)6(glcnac)2asn was used as a substrate for the transglycosylation, (man)6glcnac-glc, (man)6glcnac-man, (man)6glcnac-chitobiose, and (man)6glcnac-gentiobiose were synthesized. their structures were identified by hplc, ion spray mass spectrometry, and digestion with glycosidases. endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidases hydrolyzed t ...	1991	1804102
occurrence and ultrastructural characterization of bacteria in association with and isolated from azolla caroliniana.	the occurrence and ultrastructure of bacteria in leaf cavities of symbiotic azolla caroliniana were examined by transmission electron microscopy. bacteria were observed in all leaf cavities of azolla cultures. five ultrastructurally distinct types of bacteria were observed in each individual leaf cavity. features used to characterize the bacteria included morphology, cell wall structure, and cytoplasmic organization. at least one gram-positive and as many as four gram-negative types of bacteria ...	1991	1785935
transglycosylation activity of endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae.	endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae has transglycosylation activity. treatment of (man)6(glcnac)2asn with the enzyme in the presence of free n-acetylglucosamine gave a mixture of (man)6glcnac and (man)6glcnac beta 1----4glcnac mixture. n-acetylglucosamine at the reducing end of the latter sugar chain was found by hplc of the carbohydrate composition and of an exoglycosidase digest of the pyridylamino derivative of the reducing-end residue, and by 400 mhz 1h-nmr spec ...	1991	1776953
[quantitative description of microbial growth in a batch culture depending on the physiologic state of inocula].	the dynamics of biomass production and the respiration rate of five microorganisms grown as batch cultures were studied in detail. cell suspensions with a known physiological state, i.e. chemostat cultures grown at a particular d value, as well as quasi steady-state populations cultivated with slow feeding and long energy-source starvation were used as inocula. the microorganisms were arbitrary subdivided into two groups. the biomass of pseudomonas fluorescens, bacillus subtilis and debaryomyces ...	1991	1770867
3,4-dihydroxyxanthone dioxygenase from arthrobacter sp. strain gfb100.	bacterial extradiol ring-fission dioxygenases play a critical role in the transformation of multiring aromatic compounds to more readily biodegradable aromatic or aliphatic intermediates. arthrobacter sp. strain gfb100 utilizes an extradiol meta-fission dioxygenase, 3,4-dihydroxyxanthone dioxygenase (dhxd), in the catabolism of the three-ring oxygen heterocyclic compound xanthone. in this paper, we show that dhxd is a cytosolic enzyme, induced by growth on xanthone and maximally expressed during ...	1991	1768091
copper in biological systems. a report from the 6th manziana conference, september 23-27, 1990.	enzymes and proteins: ao, amine oxidase; and as proposed in reference 3, bsao, bovine serum ao; ssao, swine serum ao; skdao, swine kidney ao; psao, pea seedling ao; apao, arthrobacter p1ao; madh, methylamine dehydrogenase; aao, ascorbic acid oxidase; alpha-ae, alpha-amidating enzyme; az, azurin; cox, cytochrome c oxidase; cp, ceruloplasmin; dbh, dopamine beta-hydroxylase; go, galactose oxidase; hc, hemocyanin; mt, metallotheonein; nir, nitrite reductase; sod, superoxide dismutase. cofactors: dop ...	1991	1757786
structural organization of the corynebacterium glutamicum plasmid pcg100.	pcg100, a 3 kb cryptic plasmid of corynebacterium glutamicum atcc 13058, probably identical with psr1 from c. glutamicum atcc 19223, was characterized. the minimum region for autonomous replication was shown to be contained on a 1.9 kb bglii-ncoi fragment; a 380 bp hindiii-sphi fragment can replicate in the presence of the parental plasmid, which presumably provides a trans-acting replication factor. derivatives of pcg100 are able to replicate in several corynebacterium, brevibacterium and arthr ...	1991	1748866
substrate interactions of benzene, toluene, and para-xylene during microbial degradation by pure cultures and mixed culture aquifer slurries.	benzene, toluene, and p-xylene (btx) were degraded by indigenous mixed cultures in sandy aquifer material and by two pure cultures isolated from the same site. although btx compounds have a similar chemical structure, the fate of individual btx compounds differed when the compounds were fed to each pure culture and mixed culture aquifer slurries. the identification of substrate interactions aided the understanding of this behavior. beneficial substrate interactions included enhanced degradation ...	1991	1746958
taxonomic study of the genus brachybacterium: brachybacterium nesterenkovii sp. nov.	a new species, brachybacterium nesterenkovii, is proposed for a group of coryneform bacteria that were isolated from milk products. these organisms have morphological, biochemical, and chemotaxonomic characteristics that are peculiar to the genus brachybacterium. in contrast to strains of the only previously described species of the genus, brachybacterium faecium, the representatives of the new species lack glycine in their peptidoglycan, although the peptidoglycan is of the same general type, a ...	1992	1736971
the breast tumor-associated epitope defined by monoclonal antibody 3e1.2 is an o-linked mucin carbohydrate containing n-glycolylneuraminic acid.	the breast cancer-associated epitope (mammary serum antigen or msa) defined by monoclonal antibody (mab) 3e1.2 is a neuraminidase-sensitive carbohydrate expressed on muc-1-encoded molecules. however, the reactivity of mab 3e1.2 is also reduced by protease treatment of the mucin, which suggests that 3e1.2 binds to multimers of the sialylated carbohydrate in a protein conformation-dependent manner. the common n-acetyl derivative of neuraminic acid (5-acetylneuraminic acid) is not involved in the e ...	1991	1718585
phylogeny of the whipple's-disease-associated bacterium.	efforts to culture and identify the intracellular bacteria associated with whipple's disease have been unsuccessful. nucleotide sequencing and amplification by the polymerase chain reaction was done on the bacterial 16 s ribosomal dna present in a small-bowel biopsy specimen taken from a patient with whipple's disease. a search by computer for similar rrna sequences filed in databases showed the whipple's-associated organism to be most similar to bacteria of the rhodococcus, streptomyces, and ar ...	1991	1714530
the combination of a bacterial polysaccharide and tamoxifen inhibits angiogenesis and tumour growth.		1991	1713945
riboflavin-dependent expression of flavoenzymes of the nicotine regulon of arthrobacter oxidans.	in cells of an arthrobacter oxidans riboflavin-dependent mutant the specific activity of the dl-nicotine-inducible nicregulon enzymes nicotine dehydrogenase (ndh, ec 1.5.99.4), 6-hydroxy-l-nicotine oxidase (6-hlno, ec 1.5.3.5) and 6-hydroxy-d-nicotine oxidase (6-hdno, ec 1.5.3.6) was shown to be dependent on the supply of the vitamin in the growth medium. experiments designed to identify at which level riboflavin directs the biosynthesis of these flavoenzymes revealed that the steady-state level ...	1990	1700696
occurrence of protein phosphorylation in various bacterial species.	1. the occurrence of protein phosphorylation in escherichia coli b, bacillus megaterium, bacillus sphaericus, pseudomonas fluorescens and arthrobacter s1-55, was investigated by means of both in vivo and in vitro experiments. 2. in each bacterial species the presence of several phosphorylated proteins was evidenced by gel electrophoresis and autoradiography after either labelling of growing cells with [32p]orthophosphate or incubating cellular extracts with radioactive atp. 3. the analysis of th ...	1990	1693344
mechanism of gram variability in select bacteria.	gram stains were performed on strains of actinomyces bovis, actinomyces viscosus, arthrobacter globiformis, bacillus brevis, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, clostridium tetani, clostridium thermosaccharolyticum, corynebacterium parvum, mycobacterium phlei, and propionibacterium acnes, using a modified gram regimen that allowed the staining process to be observed by electron microscopy (j. a. davies, g. k. anderson, t. j. beveridge, and h. c. clark, j. bacteriol. 156:837-845, 1983). furthermore, since ...	1990	1689718
myceloid cell formation in arthrobacter globiformis during osmotic stress.	arthrobacter globiformis was grown in a semi-defined liquid medium containing added solutes to determine the effects of osmotic stress on its reproduction and cell morphology. there was a progressive reduction in the specific growth rate during exponential phase as the concentration of nacl was increased, although the final yields of the cultures during stationary phase were not affected. clusters of branching myceloid cells rather than the typical bacillary forms predominated during exponential ...	1992	1644706
interaction of the regulatory protein nicr1 with the promoter region of the pao1-encoded 6-hydroxy-d-nicotine oxidase gene of arthrobacter oxidans.	the d,l-nicotine catabolism of the gram-positive soil bacterium arthrobacter oxidans is linked to the presence within the cells of the 160 kb catabolic plasmid pao1. pao1-cured cells lost the catabolic enzymes and reintroduction of pao1 by electroporation into cured cells reestablished the nic+ phenotype. dna band shift assays with extracts from cured and pao1+ cells suggested that pao1 encodes the regulatory protein nicr1. footprint analysis revealed that two homologous palindromes (ir1 and ir2 ...	1992	1630318
effect of bacterial extracellular polymers on the saturated hydraulic conductivity of sand columns.	columns were packed with clean quartz sand, sterilized, and inoculated with different strains of bacteria, which multiplied within the sand at the expense of a continuous supply of fresh nutrient medium. the saturated hydraulic conductivity (hcsat) of the sand was monitored over time. among the four bacterial strains tested, one formed a capsule, one produced slime layers, and two did not produce any detectable exopolymers. the last two strains were nonmucoid variants of the first two. only one ...	1992	1622240
hemicellulose bioconversion to polyanionic heteropolysaccharides.	anionic polysaccharides, traditionally obtained from plant or algal sources, have a variety of commercial uses. such gums from microorganisms have received increased recent interest. we have initiated a program to investigate the bioconversion of pentosans to rheologically useful anionic extracellular polysaccharides (aeps). a number of earlier-described species, including cryptococcus laurentii, klebsiella pneumoniae, arthrobacter viscosus, and pseudomonas atcc 31260, appear to have potential i ...	1992	1622201
molecular mechanics simulations of a conformational rearrangement of d-xylose in the active site of d-xylose isomerase.	a proposed reaction mechanism for the enzyme d-xylose isomerase involves the ring opening of the cyclic substrate with a subsequent conformational rearrangement to an extended open-chain form. restrained energy minimization was used to simulate the rearrangement. in the ring-opening step, the substrate energy function was gradually altered from a cyclic to an open-chain form, with energy minimization after each change. the protein/sugar contact energy did not increase significantly during the pr ...	1992	1620692
apoi, a unique restriction endonuclease from arthrobacter protophormiae which recognizes 5' raatty 3'.		1992	1614876
bacteria that degrade p-chlorophenol isolated from a continuous culture system.	two gram-positive coryneform bacteria that degraded p-chlorophenol isolated from a continuous culture system are characterized. isolate b (probably and arthrobacter sp.) completely removed the p-chlorophenol from a medium with a concomitant increase in cell density within 16 h. isolate f similarly removed the p-chlorophenol within 28 h but without an increase in cell density. isolates b and f also removed the p-chlorophenol from a medium with p-chlorophenol as the sole carbon source within 32 an ...	1992	1581863
reclassification of two strains of arthrobacter oxydans and proposal of arthrobacter nicotinovorans sp. nov.	arthrobacter oxydans dsm 419 and dsm 420 have chemical and microbiological properties that are consistent with assignment to the genus arthrobacter. both organisms have the lysine-alanine-threonine-alanine peptidoglycan type. dna-dna pairing studies indicated that a. oxydans dsm 419 should be reclassified as arthrobacter ureafaciens and that a. oxydans dsm 420t forms the nucleus of a distinct genomic species. we propose that a. oxydans dsm 420 should be reclassified as arthrobacter nicotinovoran ...	1992	1581183
levels of trehalose and glycogen in arthrobacter globiformis under conditions of nutrient starvation and osmotic stress.	cells of arthrobacter globiformis grown in carbohydrate-rich media were found to contain large quantities of low-mr carbohydrates (800 micrograms/mg protein) and only small amounts of amino acids, in addition to high amounts of glycogen (2 mg/mg protein). at increasing osmotic values of the medium, low-mr carbohydrate levels increased to 1300 micrograms/mg protein. low-mr pools were extracted from the cells with hot 75% ethanol, and subjected to thin layer, gel and gas-liquid chromatography. the ...	1992	1575469
mechanism of d-fructose isomerization by arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase.	the mechanism of d-fructose isomerization by arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase suggested from x-ray-crystallographic studies was tested by detailed kinetic analysis of the enzyme with various metal ions at different ph values and temperatures. at d-fructose concentrations used in commercial processes mg2+ is the best activator with an apparent dissociation constant of 63 microm; co2+ and mn2+ bind more strongly (apparent kd 20 microm and 10 microm respectively) but give less activity (45% and 8% r ...	1992	1567370
indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) production by arthrobacter species isolated from azolla.	arthrobacter species, isolated from the leaf cavities and the microsporocarps of the aquatic fern species azolla pinnata and azolla filiculoides, produced indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) in culture when the precursor tryptophan was added to the medium. no iaa production was detected in the absence of tryptophan. maximum iaa formation was obtained in the first 2 d of incubation. part of the tryptophan was transformed to n alpha-acetyl-l-tryptophan.	1992	1564446
[effect of normal and specific immune sera on neuraminidase activity].	we have got evidence that there is no antigenic relationship reflecting the structural similarity between neuraminidases synthesized by noncholera vibrios and arthrobacter nicotianae. the cross-reactions between the enzymes and heterological antisera were not observed. antibodies against the a. nicotianae neuraminidase inhibited the activity of the enzyme for a glycomacropeptide of milk whey and for components of the blood serum, and had no effect no the neuraminidase from noncholera vibrios. an ...	1992	1528820
metabolic blocks in the degradation of beta-sitosterol by a plasmid-cured strain of arthrobacter oxydans.	plasmid-harbouring, sterol-decomposing organism arthrobacter oxydans 317 was treated with sodium dodecylsulphate to obtain a plasmid-cured strain a. oxydans 317 a1 incapable of utilizing 4-androstene-3,17-dione (ad). the strain 317 a1 was unable to degrade beta-sitosterol side chain completely to form ad but could carry out partial degradation as shown by the accumulation of 3-oxochol-4-en-24-oic acid as a major metabolite and 27-norcholest-4-en-3,24-dione as a minor metabolite. the strain could ...	1992	1512707
biosynthesis of a nonphysiological sialic acid in different rat organs, using n-propanoyl-d-hexosamines as precursors.	in this study it could be shown that in rat the normally occurring n-acetyl neuraminic acid can be modified in its n-acyl moiety by in vivo administration of the chemically synthesized n-propanoyl precursors, n-propanoyl-d-glucosamine or n-propanoyl-d-mannosamine. it could be shown that each of these nonphysiological amino sugar analogues was incorporated into both membrane and serum glycoproteins. after treatment of rats with radiolabeled n-[acyl-1-14c]d-mannosamine, radioactivity could be remo ...	1992	1512235
the structural genes encoding co dehydrogenase subunits (cox l, m and s) in pseudomonas carboxydovorans om5 reside on plasmid phcg3 and are, with the exception of streptomyces thermoautotrophicus, conserved in carboxydotrophic bacteria.	employing deoxyoligonucleotide probes and southern hybridizations, we have examined in carboxydotrophic bacteria the localization on the genome of genes encoding the large, medium and small subunits of co dehydrogenase (coxl, m and s, respectively). in pseudomonas carboxydovorans om5 coxl, m and s were identified on the plasmid phcg3; they were absent on the chromosome. this was evident from positive hybridizations with plasmid dna of the wild-type strain om5 and the absence of hybridizations wi ...	1992	1510563
chemotaxonomic differentiation of coryneform bacteria isolated from biofilters.	coryneform bacteria that were isolated from biofilters which are used for waste gas treatment of animal-rendering plant emissions were differentiated and partially identified by using chemotaxonomic methods. on the basis of the results of a numerical analysis of whole-cell fatty acid profiles, 79 isolates were divided into two major groups; the members of the first group contained saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, whereas the members of the second group were characterized by iso- and an ...	1992	1503976
application of a microbial sensor for determination of short-chain fatty acids in raw milk samples.	a microbial sensor system, based on the use of immobilized arthrobacter nicotiana and an oxygen electrode, was applied to determine free short-chain fatty acids in raw milk samples and the result was compared with gas chromatography (gc) and a titrimetric method. the sensor response was linearly related to the concentration of short-chain fatty acids obtained by gc (n = 10, r = 0.92) and to the total concentration of free fatty acids obtained by titrimetric measurement (n = 10, r = 0.78). this r ...	1992	1502853
stability of arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase to denaturants and heat.	there was no inactivation of mg(2+)-containing arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase up to 1 h in 0-8 m-urea at 22 degrees c, but over this range there was rapid reversible dissociation into fully active dimers with a midpoint around 4 m-urea, as shown by gradient urea gels with an activity stain, and by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration in urea buffers. these dimers must have the a-b* conformation, since the tetramer could dissociate into a-a, a-b or a-b dimer conformations, but only r ...	1992	1497626
cloning and sequence analysis of genes for dehalogenation of 4-chlorobenzoate from arthrobacter sp. strain su.	strains of arthrobacter catalyze a hydrolytic dehalogenation of 4-chlorobenzoate (4-cba) to p-hydroxybenzoate. the reaction requires atp and coenzyme a (coa), indicating activation of the substrate via a thioester, like that reported for pseudomonas sp. strain cbs3 (j. d. scholten, k.-h. chang, p. c. babbit, h. charest, m. sylvestre, and d. dunaway-mariano, science 253:182-185, 1991). the dehalogenase genes of arthrobacter sp. strain su were cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. analyses of ...	1992	1476446
siderophores and related outer membrane proteins produced by pseudomonads isolated from eels and freshwater.	a total of 46 environmental pseudomonads, together with six type strains, were examined for their siderophore-producing activity. all strains were able to grow under iron-limiting conditions, gave orange halos in the cas agar assay, and produced hydroxamates, and some of them also produced phenolate-type compounds. bioassays showed that all strains, except pseudomonas aeruginosa, promoted growth of mutant strain arthrobacter flavescens jg-9, deficient in hydroxamate production, and some of them ...	1992	1459416
mineralization of 2-chloro- and 2,5-dichlorobiphenyl by pseudomonas sp. strain ucr2.	pseudomonas sp. strain ucr2 was isolated from a multi-chemostat mating experiment between a chlorobenzoate-degrader, pseudomonas aeruginosa strain jb2, and a chlorobiphenyl-degrader, arthrobacter sp. strain b1barc. strain ucr2 differed from either of the parental organisms in that it grew on both 2-chloro- and 2,5-dichlorobiphenyl with concomitant release of chloride. phenotypic typing by the biolog system indicated that strain ucr2 shared greater similarity with strain jb2 (88%) than strain b1b ...	1992	1459405
anomeric specificity of d-xylose isomerase.	crystal structures of complexes of d-xylose isomerase with deoxysugars have been determined. deoxynojirimycin is a structural analogue of alpha-pyranose and mimics the binding of these aldose substrates. the structure of this complex supports the hypothesis that an imidazole group catalyzes ring opening of the pyranose. the steric restrictions in the active site of the enzyme prevent a beta-pyranose from binding in the same way. for the reverse reaction with ketoses, the anomeric specificity is ...	1992	1457418
structure of the n- and o-glycans of the a-chain of human plasma alpha 2hs-glycoprotein as deduced from the chemical compositions of the derivatives prepared by stepwise degradation with exoglycosidases.	the structure of the glycans of the a-chain of human plasma alpha 2hs-glycoprotein was established from the chemical compositions of its derivatives prepared by sequential enzymatic degradation of the carbohydrate moiety, from the determination of the kind and amount of the monosaccharides liberated after each step of the enzymatic digestion, and from the distinct specificity of the highly purified exoglycosidases. the exoglycosidases were three sialidases (vibrio cholerae, fowl plague virus, an ...	1992	1457416
[plasmids for biodegradation of 2,6-dimethylpyridine, 2,4-dimethylpyridine, and pyridine in strains of arthrobacter].	arthrobacter crysallopoietes strain km-4 degrading 2,6-dimethylpyridine and strain km-4a degrading both 2,6-dimethylpyridine and pyridine, arthrobacter sp. km-4b degrading 2,4-dimethylpyridine were isolated from soil. arthrobacter crystallopoietes km-4 and arthrobacter sp. km-4b contain 100 md plasmids pbs320 and pbs323. arthrobacter crystallopietes km-4a harbours a 100 md and 80 md plasmids. plasmid curing and conjugation transfer results confirm that these plasmids are involved in degradation ...	1992	1454076
isolation and characterization of a fluorene-degrading bacterium: identification of ring oxidation and ring fission products.	an arthrobacter sp. strain, f101, able to use fluorene as the sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated from sludge from an oil refinery wastewater treatment plant. during growth in the presence of fluorene, four major metabolites were detected and isolated by thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. 9-fluorenol, 9h-fluoren-9-one, and 3,4-dihydrocoumarin were identified by uv spectra, mass spectrometry, and 300-mhz proton nuclear magnetic resonance. the fourth m ...	1992	1444405
immunological demonstration of a unique 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase in soil arthrobacter strains.	many bacteria biosynthesize 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenases for growth on aromatic acids, but gram-negative organisms have been most extensively studied. a gram-positive strain containing 2,3-dioxygenase activity was identified as arthrobacter strain mn-1. the 2,3-dioxygenase from strain mn-1 was purified to homogeneity by fast protein liquid chromatography with a mono q anion-exchange column. rabbit polyclonal antidioxygenase antibodies were prepared. ouchterlony double-diffusion an ...	1992	1444392
purification and characterization of an nad(+)-linked formaldehyde dehydrogenase from the facultative rump cycle methylotroph arthrobacter p1.	when arthrobacter p1 is grown on choline, betaine, dimethylglycine or sarcosine, an nad(+)-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase is induced. this formaldehyde dehydrogenase has been purified using ammonium sulphate fractionation, anion exchange- and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. the molecular mass of the native enzyme was 115 kda +/- 10 kda. gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate indicated that the molecular mass of the subunit was 56 kda +/- 3 kda, which is cons ...	1992	1416916
[microbiological production of 3-oxo-bisnorchola-1, 4-dien-22-oic acid from cholesterol by an arthrobacter 82].	among nineteen strains of arthrobacter which showed to be able to decompose cholesterol in preliminary experiments, a strain of arthrobacter 82 was selected for microbiological production of 3-oxo-bisnorchola-1,4-dien-22-oic-acid (bnc) from cholesterol. the yield is over of 50% weight percent concentration of 0.25% in the presence of cobalt sulfate. the main intermediate in such a conversion process is cholestenone. lower glucose and higher corn steep liquor concentration were favorable for side ...	1992	1413734
[biotransformation of zearalenone].	the conversion of zearalenone by some strains of microorganisms was investigated. when the selective strains of rhodotorula sp., arthrobacter sp., saccharomyces sp., and candida sp. were incubated by shaking or standing at 28 degrees c for 72 h with an alcoholic solution of zearalenone as the substrate at a concentration of 2-10 mg/ml ethanol (50-100 micrograms/ml medium), it was readily converted to give zearalenols, consisting either mainly of the alpha-isomer (e.g. 96% in case of rhodotorula ...	1992	1413733
biosynthesis and distribution of n-carboxyalkyl amino acids (opines) in bacteria.		1992	1410788
cloning and nucleotide sequence of the csp1 gene encoding ps1, one of the two major secreted proteins of corynebacterium glutamicum: the deduced n-terminal region of ps1 is similar to the mycobacterium antigen 85 complex.	two proteins, ps1 and ps2, were detected in the culture medium of corynebacterium glutamicum and are the major proteins secreted by this bacterium. no enzymatic activity was identified for either of the two proteins. immunologically cross-reacting proteins were found in a variety of c. glutamicum strains but not in the coryneform arthrobacter aureus. the gene encoding ps1, csp1, was cloned in lambda gt11 using polyclonal antibodies raised against ps1 to screen for producing clones. the csp1 gene ...	1992	1406274
microbial degradation of propoxur in turfgrass soil.	this study was conducted to determine the degradation rates in turfgrass soil over a 12-month period after a single field application of propoxur and to isolate microorganisms from the soil capable of degrading the insecticide. soil samples were collected from a turfgrass experimental site near fort lauderdale, fl one week before the field application of propoxur, and over a 12-month period after the field application. mineralization rates in surface (0-15 cm depth) and subsurface (15-30 cm dept ...	1992	1401729
purification and properties of an arthrobacter oxydans p52 carbamate hydrolase specific for the herbicide phenmedipham and nucleotide sequence of the corresponding gene.	arthrobacter oxydans p52 isolated from soil samples was found to degrade the phenylcarbamate herbicides phenmedipham and desmedipham cometabolically by hydrolyzing their central carbamate linkages. the phenylcarbamate hydrolase (phenmedipham hydrolase) responsible for the degradative reaction was purified to homogeneity. the enzyme was shown to be a monomer with a molecular weight of 55,000. a 41-kb wild-type plasmid (php52) was identified in a. oxydans p52, but not in a derivative of this strai ...	1992	1400211
structure of the d-mannan of the pathogenic yeast, candida stellatoidea atcc 20408 (type ii) strain, in comparison with that of c. stellatoidea atcc 36232 (type i) strain.	acid treatment of the cell-wall d-mannas of candida stellatoidea strains atcc 36232 (type i, a3 strain) and atcc 20408 (type ii, a2 strain) gave (1----2)-linked beta-d-manno-oligosaccharides (dp 2-5), whereas treatment with alkali gave the (1----2)-linked alpha-d-mannobiose. conventional acetolysis of the acid- and alkali-treated d-mannan of the a3 strain gave oligosaccharides consisting of (1----2)- and (1----3)-linked alpha-d-mannopyranose residues, similar to those of candida albicans serotyp ...	1992	1394307
epimerization of reducing terminal groups of (1----2)-linked d-gluco- and d-manno-disaccharides in aqueous sodium hydroxide.		1992	1394294
crystal structure analysis, refinement and enzymatic reaction mechanism of n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrolase from arthrobacter sp. at 2.0 a resolution.	n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrolase from arthrobacter sp., a tetramer of polypeptides with 264 amino acid residues each, has been crystallized and its structure solved and refined at 2.0 a resolution, to a crystallographic r-factor of 18.6%. the crystals employed in the analysis contain one tetramer of 116,000 m(r) in the asymmetric unit. the structure determination proceeded by multiple isomorphous replacement, followed by solvent-flattening and density averaging about the local diads within th ...	1992	1381445