Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| effect of liquid municipal biosolid application method on tile and ground water quality. | this study examined bacteria and nutrient quality in tile drainage and shallow ground water resulting from a fall land application of liquid municipal biosolids (lmb), at field application rates of 93,500 l ha(-1), to silt-clay loam agricultural field plots using two different land application approaches. the land application methods were a one-pass aerway ssd approach (a), and surface spreading plus subsequent incorporation (ss). for both treatments, it took between 3 and 39 min for lmb to reac ... | 2008 | 18453415 |
| a novel small acid soluble protein variant is important for spore resistance of most clostridium perfringens food poisoning isolates. | clostridium perfringens is a major cause of food poisoning (fp) in developed countries. c. perfringens isolates usually induce the gastrointestinal symptoms of this fp by producing an enterotoxin that is encoded by a chromosomal (cpe) gene. those typical fp strains also produce spores that are extremely resistant to food preservation approaches such as heating and chemical preservatives. this resistance favors their survival and subsequent germination in improperly cooked, prepared, or stored fo ... | 2008 | 18451983 |
| [detection of clostridia toxin markers in different types of the course of acute intestinal infections]. | the purpose of the investigation was to study the detection rates of markers and the level of c. diffcile a and b toxins and c. perfringens type a enterotoxin in patients with acute intestinal infections (aii). two hundred and seventy-three patients with aii of varying etiology were followed up. according to the clinical syndrome, the patients were divided into 3 groups: (1) patients with the gastroenteritic (ge) type; (2) those with the gastroenterocolitic (gec) type; (3) those with enterocolit ... | 2008 | 18450084 |
| structural and mechanistic insight into the basis of mucopolysaccharidosis iiib. | mucopolysaccharidosis iii (mps iii) has four forms (a-d) that result from buildup of an improperly degraded glycosaminoglycan in lysosomes. mps iiib is attributable to the decreased activity of a lysosomal alpha-n-acetylglucosaminidase (naglu). here, we describe the structure, catalytic mechanism, and inhibition of cpgh89 from clostridium perfringens, a close bacterial homolog of naglu. the structure enables the generation of a homology model of naglu, an enzyme that has resisted structural stud ... | 2008 | 18443291 |
| roles of dacb and spm proteins in clostridium perfringens spore resistance to moist heat, chemicals, and uv radiation. | clostridium perfringens food poisoning is caused mainly by enterotoxigenic type a isolates that typically possess high spore heat resistance. previous studies have shown that alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble proteins (sasp) play a major role in the resistance of bacillus subtilis and c. perfringens spores to moist heat, uv radiation, and some chemicals. additional major factors in b. subtilis spore resistance are the spore's core water content and cortex peptidoglycan (pg) structure, with the ... | 2008 | 18441110 |
| interaction of isoquinoline alkaloid palmatine with deoxyribonucleic acids: binding heterogeneity, and conformational and thermodynamic aspects. | the binding heterogeneity, conformational aspects, and energetics of the interaction of the cytotoxic plant alkaloid palmatine have been studied with various natural and synthetic dnas. the alkaloid binds to calf thymus and escherichia coli dna that have mixed at and gc sequences in almost equal proportions with positive cooperativity, while, with clostridium perfringens and micrococcus lysodeikticus dna with predominantly high at and gc sequences, respectively, noncooperative binding was observ ... | 2008 | 18421749 |
| anaerobic sulfatase-maturating enzymes, first dual substrate radical s-adenosylmethionine enzymes. | sulfatases are a major group of enzymes involved in many critical physiological processes as reflected by their broad distribution in all three domains of life. this class of hydrolases is unique in requiring an essential post-translational modification of a critical active-site cysteine or serine residue to c(alpha)-formylglycine. this modification is catalyzed by at least three nonhomologous enzymatic systems in bacteria. each enzymatic system is currently considered to be dedicated to the mod ... | 2008 | 18408004 |
| binding of epsilon-toxin from clostridium perfringens in the nervous system. | epsilon-toxin (epsilon-toxin), produced by clostridium perfringens type d, is the main agent responsible for enterotoxaemia in livestock. neurological disorders are a characteristic of the onset of toxin poisoning. epsilon-toxin accumulates specifically in the central nervous system, where it produces a glutamatergic-mediated excitotoxic effect. however, no detailed study of putative binding structures in the nervous tissue has been carried out to date. here we attempt to identify specific accep ... | 2008 | 18406080 |
| molecular and cellular basis of microvascular perfusion deficits induced by clostridium perfringens and clostridium septicum. | reduced tissue perfusion leading to tissue ischemia is a central component of the pathogenesis of myonecrosis caused by clostridium perfringens. the c. perfringens alpha-toxin has been shown capable of inducing these changes, but its potential synergy with perfringolysin o (theta-toxin) is less well understood. similarly, clostridium septicum is a highly virulent causative agent of spontaneous gas gangrene, but its effect on the microcirculation has not been examined. therefore, the aim of this ... | 2008 | 18404211 |
| large-scale freshwater microbiological study: rationale, results and risks. | a fifteen-month fortnightly survey of microbial health risk indicators and pathogens has been carried out at 25 freshwater recreational and water supply sites distributed throughout new zealand, for: e. coli, clostridium perfringens spores, f-rna bacteriophage, somatic coliphage, human enteroviruses, human adenoviruses, cryptosporidium oocysts, giardia cysts, salmonella and campylobacter. sites were selected to represent five geographical areas covering new zealand and five categories of predomi ... | 2008 | 18401110 |
| factors contributing to heat resistance of clostridium perfringens endospores. | the endospores formed by strains of type a clostridium perfringens that produce the c. perfringens enterotoxin (cpe) are known to be more resistant to heat and cold than strains that do not produce this toxin. the high heat resistance of these spores allows them to survive the cooking process, leading to a large number of food-poisoning cases each year. the relative importance of factors contributing to the establishment of heat resistance in this species is currently unknown. the present study ... | 2008 | 18378644 |
| efficiency of natural systems for removal of bacteria and pathogenic parasites from wastewater. | a combined constructed wetland formed by a facultative pond (fp), a surface flow wetland (sf) and a subsurface flow wetland (ssf) was studied from december 2004 until september 2005 in north-western spain in order to evaluate their efficiency in the removal of pathogenic and indicator microorganisms and to determine their relationships. microbial removal ranged from 78% for coliphages to over 99% for helminth eggs, depending on the treatment system. the highest removal of indicator bacteria (tot ... | 2008 | 18374393 |
| chromosomal engineering of clostridium perfringens using group ii introns. | clostridium perfringens is a major natural pathogen of human and domestic animals owing to the production of multiple toxins. defined clostridial mutants are essential for studying the role of toxins in disease pathogenesis. however, it has been very difficult to introduce mutations into c. perfringens. we recently developed a clostridia-modified targetron that can specifically and efficiently inactivate c. perfringens genes. the usefulness of this system has now been demonstrated by specificall ... | 2008 | 18370079 |
| antibiotic-associated diarrhea: candidate organisms other than clostridium difficile. | the direct toxic effects of antibiotics on the intestine can alter digestive functions and cause pathogenic bacterial overgrowth leading to antibiotic-associated diarrhea (aad). clostridium difficile (c. difficile) is widely known to be responsible for 10 approximately 20% of aad cases. however, klebsiella oxytoca, clostridium perfringens, staphylococcus aureus, and candida species might also contribute to aad. | 2008 | 18363274 |
| sub-clinical necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens: novel etiological consideration based on ultra-structural and molecular changes in the intestinal tissue. | the present study revealed several previously not recognized etiological details in the development of necrotic enteritis (ne) in broilers. we provide evidence that the pathological process leading to mucosal epithelium necrosis follows morphologically distinct phases commencing at the basal domain of the mucosal epithelium and then progressively invading the entire lamina propria. initially mucosal epithelium appears normal, but as the pathological changes progress throughout the lamina propria ... | 2008 | 18359497 |
| clostridium perfringens toxin genotypes in the feces of healthy north americans. | we investigated the frequency of clostridium perfringens in the normal fecal flora of healthy north americans. about half of 43 subjects were colonized with c. perfringens at levels of approximately 10(6)cfu/g feces. only type a strains were recovered. spores sometimes outnumbered vegetative cells. several genotypes were found. some donors carried two genotypes, some only one. we found no alpha, beta2 or enterotoxin in the stools of any donors. though some isolates carried toxin genes (e.g. cpe ... | 2008 | 18353695 |
| qnr-like pentapeptide repeat proteins in gram-positive bacteria. | to study the role of qnr-like pentapeptide repeat proteins (prps) from several gram-positive species with quinolone resistance in vitro. | 2008 | 18343805 |
| domain mapping of a claudin-4 modulator, the c-terminal region of c-terminal fragment of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin, by site-directed mutagenesis. | a c-terminal fragment of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (c-cpe) is a modulator of claudin-4. we previously found that upon deletion of the c-terminal 16 amino acids, c-cpe lost its ability to modulate claudin-4. tyrosine residues in the 16 amino acids were involved in the modulation of claudin-4. in the present study, we performed functional domain mapping of the 16-amino acid region of c-cpe by replacing individual amino acids with alanine. to evaluate the ability of the alanine-substitute ... | 2008 | 18342294 |
| recombinant attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium expressing the carboxy-terminal domain of alpha toxin from clostridium perfringens induces protective responses against necrotic enteritis in chickens. | clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis (ne) is a widespread disease in chickens that causes high mortality and reduced growth performance. traditionally, ne was controlled by the routine application of antimicrobials in the feed, a practice that currently is unpopular. consequently, there has been an increase in the occurrence of ne, and it has become a threat to the current objective of antimicrobial-free farming. the pathogenesis of ne is associated with the proliferation of c. per ... | 2008 | 18337376 |
| [relationship between clostridium difficile associated diarrhea and intestinal microecosystem disorder in patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]. | this study was to investigate the relationship between clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (cdad) and intestinal microecosystem in patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-hsct) and to clarify clinical characteristics of intestinal microecosystem disorder. clostridium difficile (cd) was isolated and identified by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay using clostridium difficile premier toxins a&b kit and anaerobic culture in 44 cases with diarrhea. fecal flora ... | 2008 | 18315917 |
| application of pcr-based detection of clostridium perfringens cpb2 in fecal samples. | 2008 | 18313238 | |
| rna-dependent lipid remodeling by bacterial multiple peptide resistance factors. | multiple peptide resistance (mprf) virulence factors control cellular permeability to cationic antibiotics by aminoacylating inner membrane lipids. it has been shown previously that one class of mprf can use lys-trna(lys) to modify phosphatidylglycerol (pg), but the mechanism of recognition and possible role of other mprfs are unknown. here, we used an in vitro reconstituted lipid aminoacylation system to investigate the two phylogenetically distinct mprf paralogs (mprf1 and mprf2) found in the ... | 2008 | 18305156 |
| severe hemolytic anemia and acute psychosis caused by clostridium perfringens sepsis. | clostridium perfringens septicaemia with massive hemolysis is well known. the infection induced acute hemolytic attack frequently occur in chronic corpuscular hemolytic anemias. alterations in mental status are common in septic patients. | 2008 | 18301361 |
| divergent modes of glycan recognition by a new family of carbohydrate-binding modules. | the genomes of myonecrotic clostridium perfringens isolates contain genes encoding a large and fascinating array of highly modular glycoside hydrolase enzymes. although the catalytic activities of many of these enzymes are somewhat predictable based on their amino acid sequences, the functions of their abundant ancillary modules are not and remain poorly studied. here, we present the structural and functional analysis of a new family of ancillary carbohydrate-binding modules (cbms), cbm51, which ... | 2008 | 18292090 |
| binary actin-adp-ribosylating toxins and their use as molecular trojan horses for drug delivery into eukaryotic cells. | binary bacterial toxins are unique ab-type toxins, composed of two non-linked proteins that act as a binding/translocation component and an enzyme component. all known actin-adp-ribosylating toxins from clostridia possess this binary structure. this toxin family is comprised of the prototypical clostridium botulinum c2 toxin, clostridium perfringens iota toxin, clostridium difficile cdt, and clostridium spiroforme toxin. once in the cytosol of host cells, these toxins transfer an adp-ribose moie ... | 2008 | 18289001 |
| isolates of clostridium perfringens recovered from costa rican patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhoea are mostly enterotoxin-negative and susceptible to first-choice antimicrobials. | to assess the prevalence of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens among adults suffering from antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in a costa rican hospital, faecal samples were analysed from 104 patients by a cultivation approach. the 29 strains obtained, which accounted for an isolation frequency of 28 %, were genotyped and investigated with regard to their in vitro susceptibility to penicillin, imipenem, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol and metronidazole using an agar-dilution method. a multiplex pcr ... | 2008 | 18287298 |
| antimicrobial activity of lupulone against clostridium perfringens in the chicken intestinal tract jejunum and caecum. | owing to the spread of antibiotic resistance among human infectious agents, there is a need to research antibiotic alternatives for use in animal agricultural systems. antibiotic-free broiler chicken production systems are known to suffer from frequent outbreaks of necrotic enteritis due in part to pathogenic type a clostridium perfringens. hop (humulus lupulus) bitter acids are known to possess potent antimicrobial activity. lupulone was evaluated for in vivo antimicrobial activity to inhibit c ... | 2008 | 18276602 |
| netb, a new toxin that is associated with avian necrotic enteritis caused by clostridium perfringens. | for over 30 years a phospholipase c enzyme called alpha-toxin was thought to be the key virulence factor in necrotic enteritis caused by clostridium perfringens. however, using a gene knockout mutant we have recently shown that alpha-toxin is not essential for pathogenesis. we have now discovered a key virulence determinant. a novel toxin (netb) was identified in a c. perfringens strain isolated from a chicken suffering from necrotic enteritis (ne). the toxin displayed limited amino acid sequenc ... | 2008 | 18266469 |
| involvement of tumour necrosis factor-alpha in clostridium perfringens beta-toxin-induced plasma extravasation in mice. | clostridium perfringens beta-toxin, an important agent of necrotic enteritis, causes plasma extravasation due to the release of a tachykinin nk(1) receptor agonist in mouse skin. in this study, we investigated the role of cytokines in beta-toxin-induced plasma extravasation. | 2008 | 18264118 |
| the relationship between the metabolism of sphingomyelin species and the hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes induced by clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin. | clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin induces the hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes by activating the metabolism of sphingomyelin (sm) via a gtp binding protein in membranes. alpha-toxin stimulated the formation of 15-n-nervonoyl sphingosine (c24:1-ceramide), which was identified by positive ion fast atom bombardment-ms and 1h-nmr spectroscopy. c24:1-ceramide stimulated the toxin-induced hemolysis of saponin-pretreated sheep erythrocytes and increased the production of sphingosine 1-phosphate (s1p) ... | 2008 | 18263851 |
| occurrence and prevalence of clostridium perfringens in polar bears from svalbard, norway. | to obtain insight into the occurrence and prevalence of clostridium perfringens and its major toxins in polar bears (ursus maritimus), we took fecal samples for bacteriologic analysis from live-captured bears in the svalbard archipelago, norway, in 2001. clostridium perfringens was isolated from 40 of 92 samples (44%). thirty strains were further characterized by determining toxin type and were classified to be type a, while one was also positive for the gene encoding beta2-toxin. despite the fa ... | 2008 | 18263831 |
| necrotic enteritis potential in a model system using clostridium perfringens isolated from field outbreaks. | necrotic enteritis is an enteric disease of avian species caused by the anaerobic bacterium clostridium perfringens. the disease is regularly controlled in the broiler chicken industry with antimicrobials in feed but is reemerging in areas such as europe where there is a ban on antimicrobials as growth promoters. to study prospective therapies, researchers must be able to reproduce this disease in a controlled environment, but this is not always possible because of differences in the pathogenici ... | 2007 | 18251390 |
| friend or foe: the same fold for attack and defense. | two recent crystal structures of membrane attack complex/perforin (macpf) domains found in the complement and perforin families unexpectedly reveal that some proteins of the immune system share a common core fold with their bacterial targets. although a relationship between macpf proteins and the previously characterized bacterial cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (cdcs) is not detectable by sequence analysis, the macpf structures show that eukaryotic defense and bacterial cdc attack share a comm ... | 2008 | 18248850 |
| microbial indicators of faecal contamination in waters and sediments of beach bathing zones. | this study presents the results obtained of the microbial characterization of waters and sediments of 18 coastal bathing zones of the south-western coast of the iberian peninsula. to make this characterization, two indicators of faecal contamination have been selected: faecal coliforms (fc) and clostridium perfringens (cp). the results show that low concentrations of fc and cp in water not necessarily implies that their concentration in sediment and elutriates has to be low as well. the highest ... | 2008 | 18248849 |
| adsorptive effects of di-tri-octahedral smectite on clostridium perfringens alpha, beta, and beta-2 exotoxins and equine colostral antibodies. | to determine the adsorptive capability of di-tri-octahedral smectite (dtos) on clostridium perfringens alpha, beta, and beta-2 exotoxins and equine colostral antibodies. | 2008 | 18241021 |
| evaluation of the microbial quality of tajik sambusa and control of clostridium perfringens germination and outgrowth by buffered sodium citrate and potassium lactate. | clostridium perfringens spore destruction, aerobic plate counts (apcs), and counts of enterobacteriaceae, coliforms, and escherichia coli during baking of sambusa (a traditional tajik food) were evaluated. control of germination and outgrowth of c. perfringens spores in sambusa during cooling at room or refrigerated temperatures was evaluated using organic acid salts (buffered sodium citrate [ional] and 1 and 2% potassium lactate, wt/wt). sambusa were prepared with 40 g of either inoculated or n ... | 2008 | 18236666 |
| neuroblast proliferation on the surface of the adult rat striatal wall after focal ependymal loss by intracerebroventricular injection of neuraminidase. | the subventricular zone of the striatal wall of adult rodents is an active neurogenic region for life. cubic multiciliated ependyma separates the subventricular zone from the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and is involved in the control of adult neurogenesis. by injecting neuraminidase from clostridium perfringens into the right lateral ventricle of the rat, we provoked a partial detachment of the ependyma in the striatal wall. the contralateral ventricle was never affected and was used as the experi ... | 2008 | 18236450 |
| role of small, acid-soluble spore proteins in the resistance of clostridium perfringens spores to chemicals. | previous work showed that c. perfringens spores lacking the majority of alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble spore proteins (sasps) (termed alpha(-) beta(-) spores) exhibit greatly decreased resistance to moist heat and uv radiation. the current study demonstrated that these alpha(-) beta(-) spores had reduced resistance to hydrogen peroxide, hydrochloric acid, nitrous acid and formaldehyde. these results clearly demonstrate the important role of alpha/beta-type sasps in the resistance of c. perf ... | 2008 | 18221812 |
| the structure of clostridium perfringens nani sialidase and its catalytic intermediates. | clostridium perfringens is a gram-positive bacterium responsible for bacteremia, gas gangrene, and occasionally food poisoning. its genome encodes three sialidases, nanh, nani, and nanj, that are involved in the removal of sialic acids from a variety of glycoconjugates and that play a role in bacterial nutrition and pathogenesis. recent studies on trypanosomal (trans-) sialidases have suggested that catalysis in all sialidases may proceed via a covalent intermediate similar to that of other reta ... | 2008 | 18218621 |
| in vitro activity of potential probiotic lactobacillus murinus isolated from the dog. | the aim of this study was to isolate and identify lactobacillus spp. isolates from faeces of a healthy dog, and to characterize their potential as probiotics in order to evaluate their possible use as probiotics for dogs. | 2008 | 18194243 |
| necrotizing enterocolitis and death in a goat kid associated with enterotoxin (cpe)-producing clostridium perfringens type a. | a goat kid died after being depressed for several days. no significant gross abnormalities were observed at postmortem examination, while histopathological analysis revealed diffuse necrotizing enterocolitis. isolation of clostridium perfringens type a secreting enterotoxin (cpe) and presence of cpe in the small intestine suggest that cpe contributed to the death of this kid. | 2007 | 18189049 |
| identification of galacto-n-biose phosphorylase from clostridium perfringens atcc13124. | lacto-n-biose phosphorylase (lnbp) from bifidobacteria is involved in the metabolism of lacto-n-biose i (galbeta1-->3glcnac, lnb) and galacto-n-biose (galbeta1-->3galnac, gnb). a homologous gene of lnbp (cpf0553 protein) was identified in the genome of clostridium perfringens atcc13124, which is a gram-positive anaerobic intestinal bacterium. in the present study, we cloned the gene and compared the substrate specificity of the cpf0553 protein with lnbp from bifidobacterium longum jcm1217 (lnbpb ... | 2008 | 18183385 |
| features of hemolysis due to clostridium perfringens infection. | infection by clostridium perfringens can be an unsuspected cause of hemolysis in emergency room patients. historically, this condition has been associated with wound contamination and other tissue infections. we report the case of an autistic patient who presented to our emergency department with a distended abdomen and hemolysis of unknown etiology. the patient had no history of recent surgery. exploration of the abdomen revealed a hepatic abscess. blood cultures tested culture positive for c. ... | 2009 | 18177433 |
| molecular analysis of yogurt containing lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and streptococcus thermophilus in human intestinal microbiota. | yogurt has traditionally been considered a probiotic-carrier food with health-promoting effects. despite the universal assumption of this assertion, several researchers have evaluated the real capability of the yogurt bacteria lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and streptococcus thermophilus to survive and proliferate in the human intestine and have found contradictory results. | 2008 | 18175741 |
| outcome of brain abscess by clostridium perfringens. | despite the aggressive infection of soft tissue caused by clostridium perfringens (gas gangrene-necrotizing fasciitis), a brain abscess with this bacteria treated by early surgical excision, debridement of necrotic tissue, and antibiotic coverage may be expected to have a good recovery. long-term follow-up has not been well established in this group of patients. we report this case to show the outcome at 3 years post surgical and antibiotic treatment for c. perfringens brain abscess and stress t ... | 2007 | 18162868 |
| enhanced production of phospholipase c and perfringolysin o (alpha and theta toxins) in a gatifloxacin-resistant strain of clostridium perfringens. | clostridium perfringens-induced gas gangrene is mediated by potent extracellular toxins, especially alpha toxin (a phospholipase c [plc]) and theta toxin (perfringolysin o [pfo], a thiol-activated cytolysin); and antibiotic-induced suppression of toxin synthesis is an important clinical goal. the production of plc and pfo by a gatifloxacin-induced, fluoroquinolone-resistant mutant strain of c. perfringens, strain 10g, carrying a stable mutation in dna gyrase was compared with that of the wild-ty ... | 2008 | 18160514 |
| a case of clostridium perfringens septicemia with fatal hemolytic complication. | massive intravascular hemolysis secondary to clostridium perfringens septicemia is rare but often fatal. we report a case of a fatal clostridial hemolytic complication in a 71-year-old woman with probable refractory anemia. the patient was admitted to the emergency room due to a comatose mental state and a high fever. laboratory analysis showed massive hemolysis. she died from severe anemia two hours after admission. the next day, blood cultures grew gram positive cocci and boxcarshaped gram pos ... | 2006 | 18156751 |
| [cloning of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin gene and extracellular expression in escherichia coli]. | clostridium perfringens (c. perfringens) is a gram-positive bacterial pathogen that widely propagets in the soil and the gastrointestinal tract of human and animals. this bacteria causes food poisoning, gas gangrene and other various range of infectious diseases. but there is no standard diagnosis method of c. perfringens. in order to develop a new type of immunoassay for clinical purpose, we studied expression and extracellular secretion of recombinant alpha-toxin having enzyme activity in e. c ... | 2007 | 18154441 |
| [influence of penicillin on the production of haemotoxin by clostridium perfringens type a]. | 1949 | 18150424 | |
| the occurrence of vegetative cells of clostridium perfringens in soil. | 1949 | 18139172 | |
| lysis of clostridium perfringens. | 1949 | 18134562 | |
| the production and some properties of clostridium perfringens hyaluronidase. | 1949 | 18126564 | |
| abscess of brain due to clostridium perfringens treated with penicillin. | 1948 | 18117478 | |
| bacterial contamination of sago starch in papua new guinea. | sago starch is an important food in lowland papua new guinea. extraction of the starch from the palm and storage were performed by way of traditional methods that have been used for thousands of years. currently, very little is known about the microbiology of sago starch. sago samples were collected from areas of high starch utilization and analyzed for the presence of bacterial pathogens and indicator organisms. storage methods and duration were recorded at the time of collection, and ph and wa ... | 2007 | 18095446 |
| how interaction of perfringolysin o with membranes is controlled by sterol structure, lipid structure, and physiological low ph: insights into the origin of perfringolysin o-lipid raft interaction. | perfringolysin o (pfo) is a sterol-dependent, pore-forming cytolysin. to understand the molecular basis of pfo membrane interaction, we studied its dependence upon sterol and lipid structure and aqueous environment. pfo interacted with diverse sterols, although binding was affected by double bond location in the sterol rings, sterol side chain structure, and sterol polar group structure. importantly, a sterol structure promoting formation of ordered membrane domains (lipid rafts) was not critica ... | 2008 | 18089559 |
| subcutaneous abscess caused by clostridium perfringens and osteomyelitis in a dog. | a case of a subcutaneous abscess caused by clostridium perfringens infection in a five-month-old dog is reported in this study. clinical examination, radiological findings and cytological analysis of abscess fluid were consistent with clostridium induced disease. treatment including drainage of the abscess and antibiotic therapy led to rapid clinical improvement. however, despite aggressive medical therapy and proper wound care, the deep soft tissue infection led to osteomyelitis with premature ... | 2008 | 18086156 |
| clostridium perfringens spore germination: characterization of germinants and their receptors. | clostridium perfringens food poisoning is caused by type a isolates carrying a chromosomal enterotoxin (cpe) gene (c-cpe), while c. perfringens-associated non-food-borne gastrointestinal (gi) diseases are caused by isolates carrying a plasmid-borne cpe gene (p-cpe). c. perfringens spores are thought to be the important infectious cell morphotype, and after inoculation into a suitable host, these spores must germinate and return to active growth to cause gi disease. we have found differences in t ... | 2008 | 18083820 |
| massive intravascular hemolysis and a rapidly fatal outcome. | 2007 | 18079238 | |
| beta toxin is essential for the intestinal virulence of clostridium perfringens type c disease isolate cn3685 in a rabbit ileal loop model. | clostridium perfringens type c isolates, which cause enteritis necroticans in humans and enteritis and enterotoxaemias of domestic animals, typically produce (at minimum) beta toxin (cpb), alpha toxin (cpa) and perfringolysin o (pfo) during log-phase growth. to assist development of improved vaccines and therapeutics, we evaluated the contribution of these three toxins to the intestinal virulence of type c disease isolate cn3685. similar to natural type c infection, log-phase vegetative cultures ... | 2008 | 18078439 |
| structural elements of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysins that are responsible for their cholesterol-sensitive membrane interactions. | the pore-forming mechanism of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (cdcs) exhibits an absolute requirement for membrane cholesterol. the structural elements of the cdcs that mediate this interaction are not well understood. three short hydrophobic loops (l1-l3) and a highly conserved undecapeptide sequence at the tip of domain 4 of the cdc structure are known to anchor the cdc to the membrane. it has been thought that the undecapeptide directly mediates the interaction of the cdcs with a cholest ... | 2007 | 18077338 |
| coccidia-induced mucogenesis promotes the onset of necrotic enteritis by supporting clostridium perfringens growth. | this study tested the hypothesis that a host mucogenic response to an intestinal coccidial infection promotes the onset of necrotic enteritis (ne). a chick ne model was used in which birds were inoculated with eimeria acervulina and e. maxima and subsequently with clostridium perfringens (eam/cp). a second group of eam/cp-infected birds was treated with the ionophore narasin (nar/eam/cp). these groups were compared to birds that were either non-infected (nif), or infected only with e. acervulina ... | 2008 | 18068809 |
| [emphysematous gastritis]. | 2007 | 18065903 | |
| role of ca2+-binding motif in cytotoxicity induced by clostridium perfringens iota-toxin. | clostridium perfringens iota-toxin is a binary toxin composed of an enzymatic component (ia) and a binding component (ib). we investigated the role of the conserved ca(2+)-binding motif of ib in the cytotoxicity of iota-toxin. the cytotoxicity of iota-toxin increased with an increase in the concentration of extracellular ca(2+). a surface plasmon resonance analysis showed that the binding of ia to the oligomer of ib is dependent on the concentration of ca(2+). however, the addition of ca(2+) had ... | 2008 | 18060735 |
| claudin proteins in ovarian cancer. | members of the claudin family of tight junction proteins have been found altered in several malignancies, including ovarian cancer. because claudin-3 and -4 are elevated in the vast majority of ovarian tumors, they may represent useful biomarkers for detection and prognosis, as well as ideal targets for therapy using the clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. | 2007 | 18057528 |
| iga1 desialylated by microbial neuraminidase forms immune complex with naturally occurring anti-t antibody in human serum. | iga1 was identified as the most prominent o-glycosylated protein of human serum. desialylation by bacterial (clostridium perfringens) neuraminidase rendered dot-blotted iga1 recognizable by the naturally occurring serum antibody (anti-t) directed against thomsen-friedenreich antigen, galbeta1-->3galnac-alpha-. on western blot of serum o-glycosylated proteins anti-t recognized nearly all the bands including iga1 as did the t antigen-specific animal lectin galectin-1 but only after their desialyla ... | 2008 | 18045697 |
| conjugated polyelectrolyte based real-time fluorescence assay for phospholipase c. | a fluorescence turnoff assay for phospholipase c (plc) from clostridium perfringens is developed based on the reversible interaction between the natural substrate, phosphatidylcholine, and a fluorescent, water-soluble conjugated polyelectrolyte (cpe). the fluorescence intensity of the cpe in water is increased substantially by the addition of the phospholipid due to the formation of a cpe-lipid complex. incubation of the cpe-lipid complex with the enzyme plc causes the fluorescence intensity to ... | 2008 | 18044959 |
| diagnosis and treatment of eimeria macusaniensis in an adult alpaca with signs of colic. | a young adult pregnant alpaca was presented with an acute episode of abdominal pain. hematology revealed mild anemia, neutropenia with a degenerative left shift and moderate toxic changes in neutrophils, hyperfibrinogenemia, hypoproteinemia, and hypoalbuminemia. abdominal ultrasound showed a small intestinal segment with severely increased wall thickness and collapsed lumen. exploratory laparotomy revealed a markedly thickened 60cm jejunal segment with reddened serosa from which a full-thickness ... | 2009 | 18036857 |
| faecal-indicator bacteria and sedimentary processes in estuarine mudflats (seine, france). | over a three-year period, quantification of faecal indicators and the molecular detection of escherichia coli and salmonella were monitored in sediments from three contrasting mudflats of the seine estuary (france). the elevation of the mudflat surface was monitored concurrently using a high-resolution altimeter. during the period of the study, estuarine mudflats were areas of deposition for faecal-indicator bacteria and were mainly controlled by sedimentary processes. in the intertidal freshwat ... | 2008 | 18036620 |
| neuromuscular and central nervous system manifestations of clostridium perfringens infections. | infections with clostridium perfringens usually manifest locally or spread to sepsis with multiorgan involvement, hemolysis or septic shock. central nervous system (cns) manifestations are rare and most frequently comprise meningitis with or without pneumencephalon, encephalitis, plexitis, cerebral abscess, or subdural empyema. the course of cns affections is usually foudroyant and the outcome fatal. neuromuscular manifestations of c. perfringens infections are much more frequent than cns manife ... | 2007 | 18034207 |
| influence of gastric acid on susceptibility to infection with ingested bacterial pathogens. | despite the widely held belief that gastric acid serves as a barrier to bacterial pathogens, there are almost no experimental data to support this hypothesis. we have developed a mouse model to quantify the effectiveness of gastric acid in mediating resistance to infection with ingested bacteria. mice that were constitutively hypochlorhydric due to a mutation in a gastric h(+)/k(+)-atpase (proton pump) gene were infected with yersinia enterocolitica, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, citr ... | 2008 | 18025100 |
| typing of clostridium perfringens by multiple-locus variable number of tandem repeats analysis. | clostridium perfringens is a well-characterized bacterial species which can be both commensal and pathogenic in humans and many animals. genetic typing of the bacterium is often used for molecular epidemiological purposes, and can be useful for observing population structures as well. analysis of the variable number of tandem repeats (vntrs) within the genome, called multiple-locus vntr analysis (mlva) provides genetic information useful for molecular typing. a mlva typing method has been develo ... | 2008 | 18022331 |
| clostridium perfringens type a strains carrying a plasmid-borne enterotoxin gene (genotype is1151-cpe or is1470-like-cpe) as a common cause of food poisoning. | the prevalences of various genotypes of enterotoxin gene-carrying (cpe-positive) clostridium perfringens type a in 24 different food poisoning outbreaks were 75% (chromosomal is1470-cpe), 21% (plasmid-borne is1470-like-cpe), and 4% (plasmid-borne is1151-cpe). these results show that c. perfringens type a carrying the plasmid-borne cpe is a common cause of food poisoning. | 2008 | 18003798 |
| [investigation of a foodborne intoxication in a high-density penitentiary center]. | on september 25 2005, more than 100 inmates (almost 5% of the 1,800 prison population) experienced sudden onset gastroenteritis. this outbreak was the largest foodborne outbreak described in a prison population in spain. our objective was to confirm the outbreak, identify risk factors, implement control measures, and provide recommendations. | 2007 | 18001657 |
| three-dimensional structure of a putative non-cellulosomal cohesin module from a clostridium perfringens family 84 glycoside hydrolase. | the genomes of myonecrotic strains of clostridium perfringens encode a large number of secreted glycoside hydrolases. the activities of these enzymes are consistent with degradation of the mucosal layer of the human gastrointestinal tract, glycosaminoglycans and other cellular glycans found throughout the body. in many cases this is thought to aid in the propagation of the major toxins produced by c. perfringens. one such example is the family 84 glycoside hydrolases, which contains five c. perf ... | 2008 | 17999932 |
| lethal effects of clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin are potentiated by alpha and perfringolysin-o toxins in a mouse model. | epsilon toxin (etx) is the most important virulence factor of clostridium perfringens type d. two other important toxins, alpha toxin (cpa) and perfringolysin-o (pfo), are encoded and potentially produced by most c. perfringens type d isolates. the biological effects of these toxins are dissimilar although they are all lethal. since the possible interaction of these toxins during infection is unknown, the effects of cpa and pfo on the lethal activity of etx were studied in a mouse model. mice we ... | 2008 | 17997054 |
| combined effects of hydrostatic pressure, temperature, and ph on the inactivation of spores of clostridium perfringens type a and clostridium sporogenes in buffer solutions. | to develop a spore inactivation strategy, the effect of 15-min hydrostatic pressure treatments (550 and 650 mpa) at 55 and 75 degrees c in citric acid buffer (4.75 and 6.5 ph) on spores of 5 isolates of clostridium perfringens type a carrying the gene that encodes the c. perfringens enterotoxin (cpe) on the chromosome (c-cpe), 4 isolates carrying the cpe gene on a plasmid (p-cpe), and 2 strains of c. sporogenes were investigated. treatments at 650 mpa, 75 degrees c and ph 6.5 were moderately eff ... | 2007 | 17995687 |
| predictive model for growth of clostridium perfringens during cooling of cooked uncured beef. | this paper considers growth models including one based on baranyi's equations for growth and the other based on the logistic function. using a common approach for constructing dynamic models for predicting clostridium perfringens growth in ready-to-eat uncured beef during cooling, there was no appreciable difference between the models' predictions when the population of cells was within the lag or exponential phases of growth. the developed models can be used for designing safe cooling processes ... | 2008 | 17993376 |
| carbon catabolite repression of type iv pilus-dependent gliding motility in the anaerobic pathogen clostridium perfringens. | clostridium perfringens is an anaerobic, gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium responsible for the production of severe histotoxic and gastrointestinal diseases in humans and animals. in silico analysis of the three available genome-sequenced c. perfringens strains (13, sm101, and atcc13124) revealed that genes that encode flagellar proteins and genes involved in chemotaxis are absent. however, those strains exhibit type iv pilus (tfp)-dependent gliding motility. since carbon catabolite regulat ... | 2008 | 17981974 |
| a new pcr followed by mboi digestion for the detection of all variants of the clostridium perfringens cpb2 gene. | clostridium perfringens which is a causative agent of several diseases in animals and humans is capable of producing a variety of toxins. isolates are typed into five types on the basis of the presence of one or more of the four major toxins genes, i.e. cpa, cpb, etx, and iap. a decade ago another toxin termed beta2 (beta2) and its gene (cpb2) were identified. two alleles of cpb2 are known and a possible link between differences in gene expression and allelic variation has been reported. a corre ... | 2008 | 17980519 |
| tight junctions containing claudin 4 and 6 are essential for blastocyst formation in preimplantation mouse embryos. | the trophectoderm (te) is the first epithelium to be generated during mammalian early development. the te works as a barrier that isolates the inner cell mass from the uterine environment and provides the turgidity of the blastocyst through elevated hydrostatic pressure. in this study, we investigated the role of tight junctions (tjs) in the barrier function of the te during mouse blastocyst formation. rt-pcr and immunostaining revealed that the mouse te expressed at least claudin 4, 6, and 7 am ... | 2007 | 17980358 |
| toxic shock associated with clostridium sordellii and clostridium perfringens after medical and spontaneous abortion. | to better understand the risk of fatal toxic shock caused by clostridium sordellii in women who had a recent medical abortion with mifepristone and misoprostol. | 2007 | 17978116 |
| structure of the claudin-binding domain of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. | clostridium perfringens enterotoxin is a common cause of food-borne and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. the toxin's receptors on intestinal epithelial cells include claudin-3 and -4, members of a large family of tight junction proteins. toxin-induced cytolytic pore formation requires residues in the nh(2)-terminal half, whereas residues near the cooh terminus are required for binding to claudins. the claudin-binding cooh-terminal domain is not toxic and is currently under investigation as a pote ... | 2008 | 17977833 |
| discitis due to clostridium perfringens. | a combination of disk space narrowing and vacuum phenomenon on radiographs of the spine is usually considered a reliable indicator of degenerative disk disease. we report a case in which vacuum phenomenon was related to clostridium perfringens discitis. | 2008 | 17977774 |
| isolation and characterization of clostridium perfringens from apparently healthy animals of the shandong province of china. | in a pilot study the presence and frequency of clostridium (c.) perfringens was investigated among apparently healthy farm animals in the shandong province of china. 748 faecal samples were collected from 9 pig-, 4 sheep-, 7 cattle- and 5 rabbit farms. c. perfringens was isolated from 124 samples (16.6%). the isolates were classified into major toxin types by using pcr analysis detecting the genes encoding these toxins. all isolates were identified as c perfringens toxin type a. there are also s ... | 2007 | 17970339 |
| [epidemiology and treatment of acute prostatitis after prostatic biopsy]. | acute prostatitis is the main complication of prostatic biopsies (pb) and sometimes requires hospitalisation and appropriate antibiotic therapy. this study evaluated the pathogens responsible and proposes a statistically adapted empirical antibiotic therapy. | 2007 | 17969797 |
| construction and characterization of a clostripain-like protease-deficient mutant of clostridium perfringens as a strain for clostridial gene expression. | the inherent difficulty of expressing clostridial at-rich genes in a heterologous host has limited their biotechnological application. we previously reported a plasmid for high-level expression of clostridial genes in clostridium perfringens (takamizawa et al., protein expr purif 36:70-75, 2004). in this study, we examined the extracellular proteases of c. perfringens strain 13. zymographic analysis and caseinase assaying of a culture supernatant showed that it contained a protease activated by ... | 2008 | 17965858 |
| antimicrobial effect of propolis and other substances against selected endodontic pathogens. | the aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effect of ethanol extract of propolis (eep) and intracanal medicaments calcium hydroxide, camphorated paramonochlorophenol, and formocresol by means of the macrodilution method using the reinforced clostridial medium (rcm) and brucella and brain heart infusion media. | 2007 | 17964476 |
| impact of salinomycin on the intestinal microflora of broiler chickens. | the ionophoric coccidiostat salinomycin is widely used in chicken feed. in the near future the use of ionophore coccidiostats may be banned as has been the case for other antimicrobial growth promoters. this study was conducted to examine the effect of salinomycin on campylobacter jejuni infection and on the composition of the caecal microflora in broiler chickens. | 2007 | 17963485 |
| the rapid identification of clostridium perfringens as the possible aetiology of a diarrhoeal outbreak using pcr. | a gastroenteritis outbreak occurred in a military camp where a laboratory and epidemiological investigation was carried out. the early onset of symptoms indicated probable food contamination with clostridium perfringens. stool samples collected from affected patients were tested within 4 h via real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the presence of the c. perfringens plc gene. ten out of the 12 stool samples were positive. confirmation of the molecular test results was carried out by enume ... | 2008 | 17961281 |
| characterization of cecal microbiota and response to an orally administered lactobacillus probiotic strain in the broiler chicken. | a probiotic lactobacillus strain was given in drinking water to young broiler chickens from 1 to 19 days of age. cecal contents were collected from 4- and 19-day-old chickens in treated and control groups. enumeration of bacteria by culture on selective media showed a decrease in clostridium perfringens carriage in the 4-day-old treated chickens, whereas coliforms and lactobacillus populations were not significantly affected by the treatment. fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis with 7 phy ... | 2008 | 17957118 |
| effect of different dietary methionine sources on intestinal microbial populations in broiler chickens. | two experiments were conducted to study the effect of various levels of dl-met or 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid (mha-fa) on clostridium perfringens and other intestinal bacteria in broiler chickens. in each experiment, 2 cages of 6 birds (14 d posthatch) were assigned to 1 of 7 different diets in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement. the main effects were met source (either dl-met or mha-fa) and met level (0, 0.2, 0.4, or 0.8% dl-met or 0, 0.227, 0.454, and 0.908% mha-fa, thus providing 4 corresp ... | 2007 | 17954586 |
| the effects of several oligosaccharides on growth performance, nutrient digestibilities, and cecal microbial populations in young chicks. | two experiments were conducted with new hampshire x columbian chicks fed a corn-soybean meal diet and 1 experiment was conducted with chicks fed a dextrose-isolated soy protein diet to examine the effects of inulin, oligofructose, mannanoligosaccharide (mos), short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scfos), and transgalactooligosaccharide on growth performance, me(n), digestibility of amino acids (aa), and cecal microbial populations. each diet was fed to chicks from 0 to 21 d of age, and excreta were ... | 2007 | 17954582 |
| quality of silages from italian farms as attested by number and identity of microbial indicators. | this study evaluated the quality and possible hygiene risks related to farm-made silages by analysing the presence and number of micro-organisms that influence the preservation and safety in samples from four italian regions. | 2007 | 17953581 |
| necrotizing enterocolitis of the neonate with clostridium perfringens: diagnosis, clinical course, and role of alpha toxin. | the severity of the clinical course in necrotizing enterocolitis (nec) associated with clostridium perfringens (cp) may support the hypothesis of a specific disease. we conducted a case control study of infants diagnosed with nec, who underwent surgical treatment over a 7-year period. patient histories examined characteristics of the infants, bacterial infection as well as nec's severity, antibiotic treatment, and clinical course. infants infected with nec associated with cp were compared with n ... | 2008 | 17952466 |
| production and characterization of transgenic mice systemically expressing endo-beta-galactosidase c. | the alphagal epitope (galalpha1-3gal) is a sugar structure expressed on the cell surface of almost all organisms except humans and old-world-monkeys, which express natural anti-alphagal antibodies. the presence of these antibodies elicits a hyper acute rejection (har) upon xenotransplantation of cellular materials, such as from pigs to human beings. endo-beta-galactosidase c (endogalc), an enzyme isolated from clostridium perfringens, removes the alphagal epitope by cleaving the galbeta1-4glcnac ... | 2008 | 17947256 |
| conservation and evolutionary dynamics of the agr cell-to-cell communication system across firmicutes. | we present evidence that the agr cell-to-cell communication system is present across firmicutes, including the human pathogen clostridium perfringens. although we find that the agr system is evolutionarily conserved and that the general functions which it regulates are similar in different species, the individual regulated genes are not the same. this suggests that the regulatory network controlled by agr is dynamic and evolves rapidly. | 2008 | 17933897 |
| clinical significance of potential contaminants in blood cultures among patients in a medical center. | blood culture is important for the diagnosis of sepsis, but it is sometimes difficult to differentiate true bacteremia from pseudobacteremia. this study proposed clinical criteria and evaluated the role of repeat blood cultures in assessing the clinical significance of potential contaminants in blood cultures (pcbcs). | 2007 | 17932605 |
| effect of unsaturated bonds in the sn-2 acyl chain of phosphatidylcholine on the membrane-damaging action of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin toward liposomes. | clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin degrades phosphatidylcholine (pc) in the bilayer of liposomes and destroys the membrane. the effect of the type and position of unsaturation in the fatty acyl chain of pc (18:0/18:1 pc) synthesized on the toxin-induced leakage of carboxyfluorescein (cf) from pc liposomes was examined. differential scanning calorimetry showed that the phase transition temperature (t(m)) was minimal when the triple bond was positioned at c (9) in the sn-2 acyl chain. the toxin-i ... | 2007 | 17919452 |
| prevalence of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens isolates in pittsburgh (pennsylvania) area soils and home kitchens. | in the united states and europe, food poisoning due to clostridium perfringens type a is predominantly caused by c. perfringens isolates carrying a chromosomal enterotoxin gene (cpe). neither the reservoir for these isolates nor the point in the food chain where these bacteria contaminate foods is currently understood. therefore, the current study investigated whether type a isolates carrying a chromosomal cpe gene are present in two potential reservoirs, i.e., soil and home kitchen surfaces. no ... | 2007 | 17905877 |
| quantification of gut lesions in a subclinical necrotic enteritis model. | currently clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis is a major problem in broiler flocks. in the present study, broilers were inoculated with a combination of eimeria maxima or overdose coccidial vaccine (one inoculation) with c. perfringens (repeated inoculations). single c. perfringens, e. maxima or an overdose of live coccidial vaccine inoculations did not result in grossly visible necrotic gut lesions, while combined inoculation resulted in typical necrotic lesions at approximately ... | 2007 | 17899461 |