Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| piperacillin/tazobactam. a review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential. | combining tazobactam, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, with the ureidopenicillin, piperacillin, successfully restores the activity of piperacillin against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. tazobactam has inhibitory activity, and therefore protects piperacillin against richmond and sykes types ii, iii, iv and v beta-lactamases, staphylococcal penicillinase and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. however, tazobactam has only species-specific activity against class i chromosomally-mediated enzymes. resi ... | 1994 | 7514977 |
| the structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of citrobacter o16 containing glycerol phosphate. | the o-specific polysaccharide, obtained by mild acid degradation of citrobacter o16 lipopolysaccharide, consists of d-glucose, d-galactose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galactose, glycerol and phosphate in the ratios 2:2:2:1:1. selective cleavage of the polysaccharide was carried out by smith degradation, n-deacetylation-deamination and dephosphorylation with 48% hydrofluoric acid, which was accompanied by unexpected splitting of one of the glycosidic linkages. the structures of the oligosaccharides th ... | 1994 | 7508393 |
| isolation and sequence analysis of rpoh genes encoding sigma 32 homologs from gram negative bacteria: conserved mrna and protein segments for heat shock regulation. | the rpoh genes encoding homologs of escherichia coli sigma 32 (heat shock sigma factor) were isolated and sequenced from five gram negative proteobacteria (gamma or alpha subgroup): enterobacter cloacae (gamma), serratia marcescens (gamma), proteus mirabilis (gamma), agrobacterium tumefaciens (alpha) and zymomonas mobilis (alpha). comparison of these and three known genes from e.coli (gamma), citrobacter freundii (gamma) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (gamma) revealed marked similarities that should ... | 1995 | 7501460 |
| characterization of hafnia alvei by biochemical tests, random amplified polymorphic dna pcr, and partial sequencing of 16s rrna gene. | hafnia alvei strains which possess the attachment-effacement gene (eaea) may have clinical importance as new diarrhea-causing pathogens and should therefore be differentiated from other h. alvei strains. we characterized diarrheal h. alvei strains, which were positive in the pcr test for the eaea gene, using biochemical tests not routinely used for identification of members of the family enterobacteriaceae, and compared them with eaea-negative strains isolated from different clinical and nonclin ... | 1995 | 7494030 |
| [orbital cellulitis as a sequela of paranasal sinusitis]. | 1995 | 7477574 | |
| the 3'-terminal half of the btub gene of citrobacter freundii defines essential residues and supports a topological model for the outer membrane receptor. | 1995 | 7476175 | |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1989). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | susceptibilities of citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia spp. isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 10 hospitals during june 1989 to may 1990 to various antimicrobial agents were compared with those in the same period of previous years according to a classification, uncomplicated utis, complicated utis without indwelling catheter, and complicated utis with indwelling catheter. as for c ... | 1995 | 7474335 |
| [citrobacter freundii osteomyelitis of the mandible: review of the literature and report of a case]. | 1980 | 7471661 | |
| citrobacter meningitis (case report and review). | 1980 | 7461832 | |
| effect of glucose on the biochemical properties of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. | the cytoplasmic membrane isolated from cells of citrobacter freundii growing in a cultivation medium with glucose was found to exhibit a decreased ability to oxidize formate and succinate and a decreased activity of formate, succinate and lactate dehydrogenase as compared with the cytoplasmic membrane of cells growing on galactose. the activation energy for dehydrogenation and oxidation of succinate simultaneously increases. the quantitative content of cytochromes and quinones in both types of m ... | 1980 | 7439843 |
| modification of early dimethylhydrazine carcinogenesis by colonic mucosal hyperplasia. | the interaction of colonic mucosal hyperplasia with early 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (dmh) carcinogenesis was studied in random-bred nih swiss mice utilizing hyperplasia-inducing citrobacter freundii. mice inoculated with this bacterium developed significantly more dmh focal atypia than did mice without hyperplasia following a single dose of dmh (20 mg/kg). mice with hyperplasia also developed dmh focal atypia with diminished doses of dmh (10 and 5 mg/kg), while normal mice did not. the effect of c. ... | 1980 | 7438077 |
| neonatal intracranial abscess: two cases caused by citrobacter and a literature review. | intracranial abscesses are uncommon in the newborn. observation of 2 infants and a review of the literature reveal that the offending organism was a citrobacter in 12 of the 16 documented cases. in the neonatal meningitis cooperative study this organism was responsible for meningitis in only 4%. however, an analysis of all published cases of neonatal citrobacter meningitis reveals a 42% incidence of intracranial abscess. accordingly, early identification by computerized tomography is important i ... | 1980 | 7436370 |
| nosocomial bacteriuria: a prospective study of case clustering and antimicrobial resistance. | to investigate the role of cross-infection in nonepidemic nosocomial bacteriuria in a large, university-affiliated hospital, we identified in adult patients admitted over an 11-week period all cases caused by organisms of the same genus, species, and antimicrobial susceptibility and clustered by date of onset and hospital ward. further laboratory studies were conducted to verify clustering. among the 3452 patients studied, 194 cases of nosocomial bacteriuria were identified; 49 appeared clustere ... | 1980 | 7436158 |
| a coagglutination method for presumptive identification of salmonella typhi. | salmonella group d, vi and d antisera were used to sensitize a-containing staphylococcal cells. the coagglutination (coag) reagents thus obtained, termed d-coag, vi-coag and d-coag were used to test growth taken from kligler iron agar slants following 8-10 hours incubation. in 188 recently isolated strains of s. typhi, the d antigen was detected in 134 (71%) by direct reaction with the d-coag reagent and 51 (27%) others following a simple treatment with 50% ethanol. group d antigen was detected ... | 1980 | 7434082 |
| agglutinins to bacteria in crohn's disease. | sera from patients with crohn's disease were tested for antibodies against organisms which are thought to cause inflammatory bowel disease in animals, or have been implicated in human crohn's disease. control sera were collected from healthy individuals and patients with ulcerative colitis. sera from crohn's disease and controls failed to agglutinate clostridium colinum or campylobacter sputorum subsp. mucosalis and two strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis (m26 and m27). most of the sera ag ... | 1980 | 7429299 |
| in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activities of sporaricin a, a new aminoglycoside. | the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of sporaricin a, a new aminoglycoside, was compared with that of amikacin, dibekacin, and gentamicin. sporaricin a showed a broad spectrum of activity against various gram-positive and -negative bacteria, including amikacin-, dibekacin-, or gentamicin-resistant strains. sporaricin a inhibited more than 90% of clinical isolates of staphylococci, klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter, serratia, and proteus, except for p. morganii and p. inconstans, a ... | 1980 | 7425599 |
| [enterobacteria of bats (chiroptera) (author's transl)]. | the aerobic gram-negative faecal flora of 38 bats consisting of 10 species and genera respectively, of microchiroptera, and of 4 species and genera respectively, of megachiroptera was studied (table 1 and 3). there were no specific differences between insectivora and frugivora: e. coli 15-24%, citrobacter 8-10%, enterobacter-klebsiella-group 40-43% and proteus-group 28-30% (table 2). the overwhelming majority of the isolated bacteria were lactose-positive (table 3), corresponding to the membersh ... | 1980 | 7424248 |
| diagnostic exercise. transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | 1980 | 7421111 | |
| evaluation of a new assay for vi antibody in chronic carriers of salmonella typhi. | the assay for serum antibody to the salmonella typhi capsular polysaccharide (vi) antigen has recently been revised because of the availability of a purified, highly polymerized vi antigen. we compared this revised vi antibody assay to the traditional one for potential usefulness in the surveillance of chronic enteric carriers of s. typhi. the purified vi antigen of citrobacter freundii was incorporated into a passive hemagglutination assay for serum vi antibody; the standard vi antibody assay w ... | 1980 | 7419698 |
| [conditions for the formation of molecular hydrogen by citrobacter freundii]. | cell suspensions of citrobacter freundii grown under anaerobic and aerobic conditions are capable of evolving molecular hydrogen. hydrogen evolution is more active by the cells of anaerobic cultures in the exponential growth phase in the presence of reduced methylviologen or formate. the optimal temperature for hydrogen evolution from formate is about 40 degrees c, the optimal ph is 6.2 to 6.4. the presence of o2 in the gaseous phase inhibits hydrogen evolution by the cells; however the inhibiti ... | 1980 | 7412615 |
| microbial activity of trench leachates from shallow-land, low-level radioactive waste disposal sites. | trench leachate samples collected anoxically from shallow-land, low-level radioactive waste disposal sites were analyzed for total aerobic and anaerobic populations, sulfate reducers, denitrifiers, and methanogens. among the several aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated, only bacillus sp., pseudomonas sp., citrobacter sp., and clostridium sp. were identified. mixed bacterial cultures isolated from the trench leachates were able to grow anaerobically in trench leachates, which indicates that th ... | 1980 | 7406490 |
| all meningitis is not alike. | 1980 | 7394604 | |
| antimicrobial activity of netilmicin in comparison with gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin, and amikacin and their resistance patterns. | the antimicrobial activity of netilmicin, gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin and amikacin was determined by means of the microdilution test. 1000 fresh isolates of strains of staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and 7 species of the enterobacteriaceae were tested. the activities were compared and cross-resistances were analyzed which appeared among the various drugs. against amikacin, only 0.5% of all strains (3 p. aeruginosa, 1 s. aureus, 1 p. mirabilis) were resistant. of the other dru ... | 1980 | 7387761 |
| [isolation, purification and some properties of tyrosine-phenol-lyase from citrobacter freundii cells]. | a new procedure for isolation of tyrosine-phenol-lyase from the cells of c. freundii strain 62 allowing to obtain a highly purified enzyme with a high yield at a reduced time expenditure has been developed. the procedure described differs from the well-known method for isolation of the enzyme from the cells of escherichia intermedia and erwinia herbicola. some properties of the enzyme from c. freundii 62, e.g. stability, dependence of the enzyme activity on some mono- and bivalent cations and ph ... | 1980 | 7378508 |
| bacterial contamination of drinking water supplies in a modern rural neighborhood. | on six occasions during a 15-month period, the private well and spring water supplies in a modern rural neighborhood of 78 households were examined for total coliforms, fecal coliforms, staphylococcus aureus, and standard plate count bacteria. more than one-third of the water supplies were unsatisfactory on at least one occasion as judged by standard plate counts over 10(3)/ml and the presence of coliforms, fecal coliforms, and/or s. aureus. citrobacter freundii, klebsiella pneumoniae, and esche ... | 1980 | 7377773 |
| gram-negative sepsis in neonates: a nursery outbreak due to hand carriage of citrobacter diversus. | an outbreak of citrobacter diversus infections occurred in a newborn nursery at a 350-bed community hospital during september and october 1978. two infants developed sepsis and meningitis and nine additional infants had asymptomatic umbilical colonization. these infants did not differ from control, noncolonized infants with respect to numerous clinical and environmental variables. surveillance cultures failed to implicate an environmental source for the citrobacter. however, cultures of nursery ... | 1980 | 7375234 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of fr-31564, a new phosphonic acid antibiotic. | fr-31564, a new phosphonic acid antibiotic, was active against most gram-negative bacteria except serratia marcescens and glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative rods excluding pseudomonas aeruginosa. the antibacterial activity in vitro of fr-31564 was stronger than that of fosfomycin especially against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter species and p. aeruginosa. fr-31564 also was active against gram-negative bacteria resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics and against gentamicin-re ... | 1980 | 7372548 |
| covalent linkage of poly(a) to rna produces a molecule altered in both structure and susceptibility to ribonuclease-mediated hydrolysis. | 1980 | 7358703 | |
| netilmicin: its in vitro activity and synergism with penicillin compounds. | the in vitro efficacy of netilmicin and its synergism with penicillins were examined. netilmicin was effective against e. coli, indole-negative and -positive proteus, klebsiella, enterobacter, salmonella, shigella and serratia. netilmicin was less effective than other aminoglycosides against citrobacter and pseudomonas. a combination of netilmicin and piperacillin synergistically inhibited enterococci. netilmicin was not synergistic with either penicillin or carbenicillin against enterococci. ne ... | 1980 | 7353438 |
| a biotype of enterobacteriaceae intermediate between citrobacter and enterobacter. | the authors isolated two strains of an unnamed bacterial biotype with characteristics intermediate between those of enterobacter and citrobacter. the organisms did not produce acetyl-methyl carbinol, but decarboxylated lysine. apart from the latter trait, they most closely resemble h2s-negative citrobacter freundii. they differ biochemically from all other currently accepted species of enterobacteriaceae. their pathogenic significance appears similar to that of the two genera they most closely r ... | 1980 | 7352413 |
| antigenic scheme of citrobacter koseri. | an antigenic scheme, based on the determination of 17 somatic and 9 flagellar antigens, is proposed for citrobacter koseri. seven of the flagellar antigens constituted the specific phase (a through g), and the others (1 and 2) were nonspecific. of the 238 theoretically possible serotypes, 48 were identified among 680 cultures examined. | 1981 | 7334075 |
| effect of clindamycin prophylaxis on the colonic microflora in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. | clindamycin was given intravenously to 15 patients undergoing colorectal surgery in an initial dose of 600 mg, given at induction of anesthesia followed by 6 doses of 600 mg at 8-h intervals. series of serum samples and fecal specimens were taken for analysis of clindamycin concentrations. tissue samples from the gut wall were taken at surgery. the highest serum concentrations observed occurred 30 min after administration of clindamycin and varied between 6.8 and 37.9 microgram/ml (mean, 14.8 +/ ... | 1981 | 7325640 |
| [histological and bacteriological examination of uterus from the repeat breeder gilt and sow (author's transl)]. | the investigation comprised sexual organs from 25 gilts and 97 sows culled because of repeat breeding. among the gilts 24.0 per cent and among the sows 25.8 per cent had endometritis. the following germs were present in uterus from gilts and sows with signs of endometritis: staphylococcus aureus, corynebacterium pyogenes, alpha-hemolytiske streptococcer, escherichia coli, pasteurella sp., aeromonas sp., acinetobacter sp. and citrobacter sp. among gilts and sows with germs present in uterus 40.9 ... | 1981 | 7322875 |
| "bacteriological bit": citrobacter diversus osteomyelitis in a neonate. | 1981 | 7307414 | |
| the effect of polyamines on the poly(adenylic acid)-induced inhibition of ribonuclease activity. | segments of poly(a) at the 3'-termini of 5 s rrna inhibit the activities of ribonucleases from citrobacter, enterobacter, bovine pancreas, human spleen and human plasma. certain polyamines, or compounds containing polyamine substructures, mediate reversal of this inhibition. effective compounds contain three amino groups, at least two of which are charged and are separated from the others by no less than three carbon atoms. spermidine and 9-aminoacridines, which contain substituted propyl- or bu ... | 1981 | 7305928 |
| dermatologic manifestations of citrobacter septicemia. | 1981 | 7298930 | |
| [citrobacter freundii interaction with epithelial cells and macrophages in vitro]. | electron-microscopic study has revealed the capacity of enteropathogenic c. freundii strain to adhere to the glycocalyx of epithelial hela cells, to proliferate on their surface and to induce the toxic damage of their organelles. c. freundii, possessing a fibrillar microcapsule, have been shown to be capable of resisting the action of the lysosome enzymes of guinea-pig macrophages and disorganizing macrophage cultures. the latter fact should be taken into consideration in working with c. freundi ... | 1981 | 7293573 |
| [enterobacterial taxonomy: erwinia carotovora and yersinia enterocolitica]. | the immunotyping of the intracellular protein complex in enterobacteria has allowed to reveal that the intracellular proteins of e. carotovora and y. enterocolitica possess an antigenic profile characteristics of bacteria belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae. e. carotovora are similar to the main group of enterobacteria (escherichia, shigella, salmonella, enterobacter, klebsiella, citrobacter, arizona) in the degree of the antigenic homology of their intracellular protein complex. y. enter ... | 1981 | 7293572 |
| [immobilization of citrobacter l-asparaginase in polyacrylamide gel]. | bacterial l-asparaginase, immobilized on polyacrylamide gel, exhibited higher stability to denaturation and to the effect of a proteolytic enzyme. the immobilized enzyme exhibited the ph optimum of activity displaced by one ph unit to the acid side as compared with the free enzyme. the apparent km value was approximately 200-fold higher as compared with the free l-asparaginase. the immobilized asparaginase hydrolyzed both l- and d-asparagine isomers but the free enzyme was highly stereospecific. | 1981 | 7293086 |
| variation in skin and environmental survival of hospital gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria. | during a period when 245 patients were infected by or harboured gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria, random sampling showed hand carriage in 33% of affected patients but in only 5% of attendant staff. only klebsiellae were isolated from the latter. recovery was commoner from the hands of bed-ridden patients or faecal carriers and significantly more frequent for klebsiellae (37%) and enterobacter (33%) than citrobacter (5.6%) and e. coli (5.0%). similarly, survival on forearms of volunteers was m ... | 1981 | 7288180 |
| in vitro synergism of fr-31564, a new phosphonic acid antibiotic. | against most test strains of gram-negative bacilli, the in vitro effect of fr-31564 together with beta-lactam antibiotics or trimethoprim was strongly synergistic; with tetracycline and nalidixic acid the effect was additive; and with gentamicin and sulfamethoxazole the effect was additive or antagonistic. fr-31564 was markedly synergistic with beta-lactam antibiotics against beta-lactam antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacilli such as klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter aerogenes, e. cloacae, ... | 1981 | 7287590 |
| r factors in coliform-fecal coliform sewage flora of the prairies and northwest territories of canada. | coliform and fecal coliform populations found in the raw sewages and final sewage effluents of the prairie provinces and the northwest territories were examined for antibiotic resistance and the possession of r factors. it was determined that 8.91% of the total coliform and 10.80% of the fecal coliform populations carried r factors. the following numbers of combinations of r determinants were found: 39 in the escherichia coli population, 6 in the citrobacter population, 20 in the enterobacter po ... | 1981 | 7283425 |
| [quantitative and species composition of conditionally-pathogenic microorganisms of the families enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonadaceae in healthy subjects and intestinal dysbacteriosis]. | the spread and quantitative content of opportunistic microorganisms belonging to the families enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonadaceae in clinically healthy persons and in somatic patients with intestinal dysbacteriosis were studied. opportunistic enterobacteria were shown to be widely spread in healthy persons (k. pneumoniae in 45%, citrobacter in 44%, e. aerogenes in 17%, e. cloaceae in 11%). in clinically healthy persons most of these cultures (72.3%) were detected in an amount not exceeding 1 ... | 1981 | 7282190 |
| epidemic nosocomial meningitis due to citrobacter diversus in neonates. | five infants born at one hospital over a two-year period developed meningitis due to a serotype o2 strain of citrobacter diversus; four infants developed brain abscesses due to this organism. the initial prevalence of stool colonization in infants was 79%; eventually 140 infants (10%) and six nurses (6%) were found to be colonized. one colonized infant remained in the hospital for the entire two-year period. the strains were of two biotypes marked by the presence (biotype d) or absence (biotype ... | 1981 | 7276635 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of fr-31564, a phosphonic acid antimicrobial agent. | the in vitro and in vivo activity of fr-31564 [sodium hydrogen 3-(n-hydroxyformamido)propylphosphate] against gram-positive and -negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria was investigated and compared with that of fosfomycin, cephalexin, carbenicillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. the in vitro activity of fr-31564 was markedly enhanced when combined with glucose 6-phosphate or fructose 6-phosphate, but not when combined with ribose phosphate, adenosine monophosphate, or glycerol phosphate. i ... | 1981 | 7271270 |
| [sero- and biovars of levinea malonatica (syn. citrobacter diversus, citrobacter koseri) in clinical material (author's transl)]. | the biochemical and serological examination of 31 strains of levinea malonatica isolated from faeces, urine, sputum, wound infections and blood showed no correlation of bio- or serovars with the origin of the strains. serological cross-reactions between o-antigens of l. malonatica and certain salmonella, shigella and yersinia enterocolitica serovars were analysed. they are low-titred and seem to be of minor importance. sensitivity testing revealed the resistance of l. malonatica against penicill ... | 1981 | 7269856 |
| fatal neonatal central nervous system infection caused by citrobacter diversus. | citrobacter diversus is a serious, albeit rare, offender of the central nervous system (cns) in the neonatal period and in early infancy. we report here a case of neonatal cns infection caused by c. diversus. the course of the illness was one of rapid deterioration, leading to recurrent seizures, coma and death. since neonatal c. diversus cns infection carries a grave prognosis, intraventricular administration of gentamicin should be considered. | 1981 | 7263196 |
| syntheses of l-tyrosine-related amino acids by tyrosine phenol-lyase of citrobacter intermedius. | degradation of tyrosine to phenol, pyruvate and ammonia by tyrosine phenol-lyase from citrobacter intermedius (formerly named escherichia intermedia) is readily reversible at high concentrations of pyruvate and ammonia. spectrophotometric studies indicate that ammonia is the first substrate which interacts with bound pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. kinetic results show that pyruvate is the second substrate bound, hence phenol must be the third. when an appropriate phenol derivative is substituted for ph ... | 1981 | 7262088 |
| relationship of colonic mucosal background to neoplastic proliferative activity in dimethylhydrazine-treated mice. | proliferative activity of background and neoplastic colonic mucosa was examined following five months of weekly injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (20 mg/kg) and one or four months of rest to determine whether previously reported changes may result from an acute or chronic effect of dimethylhydrazine and whether differences exist between stages of neoplasia. to determine whether neoplasia is responsive to a proliferative stimulus, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride-treated mice were inoculat ... | 1981 | 7248933 |
| sensitive and fast simultaneous photometric determination of oxygen consumption and nad(p)h formation or disappearance using a continuous flow cuvette. | 1981 | 7247026 | |
| [incidence and antibiotic-sensitivity of gram-negative bacteria in the urinary infections (author's transl)]. | urinary tract infections due to low-grade pathogenic gram-negative bacteria show an increasing prevalence. the frequency of isolation from urinary samples of some of these pathogens (alcaligenes, citrobacter, acinetobacter, providencia, serratia) was detected in a group of adult patients. the role of local and systemic predisposing factors was investigated. these bacterial agents accounted for 21% of 1,354 isolated strains. systemic predisposing factors were found in most patients. moreover, a h ... | 1980 | 7244101 |
| [fundamental and clinical studies on cefadroxil dry syrup in children (author's transl)]. | fundamental and clinical studies were made on cefadroxil, a new oral cephalosporin, and the following results were obtained. (1) antibacterial activity of the drug against s. aureus, s. epidermidis, e. coli, klebsiella, salmonella and p. mirabilis was almost equal to that of cephalexin. the mic of indole positive proteus. enterobacter, citrobacter, s. marcescens and p. aeruginosa to cefadroxil was higher than 100 microgram/ml in almost all strains. (2) serum concentrations following an oral admi ... | 1981 | 7241805 |
| plasmid specification of resistance to antibacterial compounds in environmental citrobacter freundii. | citrobacter freundii from an environmental source displayed resistance to a wide variety of antibacterials. some of these resistances could be transferred by conjugation with frequencies as high as 10(-2). the complexity of plasmid involvement in the antibacterial resistance of this species was demonstrated by isolation of plasmid dna from two isolates. in one strain, resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics was specified by a 55 x 10(6) molecular weight plasmid, whereas kanamycin and neomycin resi ... | 1981 | 7237280 |
| growth conditions and heat resistance of citrobacter freundii. | the influence of the growth medium and the growth temperature on the heat resistance of citrobacter freundii has been established. logarithmic growth phase cells grown on rich media have a higher heat resistance than cells of the same phase grown on minimal media. this finding was independent of type of carbon source in the growth medium, but the kind of carbon source has a definite influence on the heat resistance. logarithmic phase cells grown at 37 degrees c are much more heat stable than cel ... | 1980 | 7235690 |
| [utilization and fermentation of 2-ketogluconate by "enterobacteriaceae" (author's transl)]. | two methods were compared: 1) the ability to use 2-ketogluconate (2-kg) as source of carbon and energy in defined medium, and 2) the ability to produce acid by fermentation of 2-kg (0.5 g/100 ml) in peptone water with phenol red. results of growth on, and acid production from, 2-kg were identical. a total of 990 strains was studied. no strain of escherichia coli, shigella (4 species), salmonella (4 sub-genera), yersinia pestis, y. pseudotuberculosis, edwardsiella (2 species), proteus vulgaris, p ... | 1981 | 7235456 |
| preparation of 15n-labeled l-aspartic acid using whole bacteria as enzyme source. | 1981 | 7235212 | |
| citrobacter diversus brain abscess and meningitis in neonates. | brain abscess is an infrequent complication of meningitis, including cases caused by gram-negative enteric bacteria in neonates. because brain abscesses recently developed in four of five neonates with citrobacter diversus meningitis at one institution, we reviewed cases of c diversus meningitis reported in the literature and those enrolled in the neonatal meningitis cooperative study groups and reported to the centers for disease control. seventy-four cases in neonates were identified, and a br ... | 1981 | 7230384 |
| [in vitro activity of fosfomycin]. | the in vitro activity of phosphomycin has been compared with other antibiotics in 1703 bacterial strains isolated from pathological specimens sent to the laboratory from various divisions of the hospital. results were first class on both gram-positive and gram-negative flora. it was in first place as regards staphylococcus (97.4% sensitive strains), citrobacter (68.6%), proteus mirabilis (73.1%), indole positive proteus (48.2%). it also predominated in pseudomonas (54.6%) and e. coli (86.7%). in ... | 1980 | 7224844 |
| factors affecting salmonellae repopulation in composted sludges. | the repopulation potential and recovery of salmonella sp. and their close relatives arizona spp. and citrobacter spp. in sewage sludge which had been composted was examined. salmonellae growth in previously composted sludge was found to occur in the mesophilic temperature range (20 to 40 degrees c), require a moisture content of greater than or equal to 20%, and require a carbon/nitrogen ratio in excess of 15:1. | 1981 | 7224626 |
| [citrobacter diversus bacteria (classification position, role in pathology)]. | 1980 | 7223190 | |
| [psychrotrophic and coliform microflora of the udder in cows]. | a study of the psychrotrophic and coliform microflora over the udders of cows was carried out. it was proved that the way and means of cleaning them exercise a great influence on the composition of the psychrotrophic and coliform microflora. the psychrotrophic flora over the udders consisted of 46.9% of specimens of p. micrococcus, 8.7%-p. streptococcus, 8.2% staphylococcus, 7.4%-corynebacterium, 2.8%-saccharomyces, 10%-coliform bacteria, 12.5%-psychrophils, mainly of p. pseudomonas and p. flavo ... | 1980 | 7222461 |
| an outbreak of diarrhea due to citrobacter freundii in a neonatal special care nursery. | 1980 | 7216341 | |
| bacterial colonization of the upper intestine in mild tropical malabsorption. | the bacterial flora of the upper intestine has been examined in symptomatic expatriate adults with mild tropical malabsorption, without steatorrhoea, persisting for many months after return to a western environment. seven of the 11 patients had enterobacteria in luminal fluid or mucosal samples in numbers ranging from 10(3) to 10(8) per ml or per g. the most common isolate was klebsiella pneumoniae (in four cases); citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens and pseudomonas spp. were also detected ... | 1980 | 7210130 |
| [epidemiologic and clinico-laboratory characteristics of group illnesses caused by bacteria of the genus citrobacter]. | 1980 | 7192465 | |
| [brief report on food poisoning due to citrobacter]. | 1982 | 7185460 | |
| in vitro activity of temocillin (brl 17421), a novel beta-lactam antibiotic. | the minimal inhibitory concentration of temocillin (brl 17421) against 476 clinical isolates was determined by an agar dilution method. temocillin was active against most of the enterobacteriaceae, haemophilus, and neisseria strains tested. the compound showed low activity or was inactive against bacteroides, campylobacter, acinetobacter, pseudomonas, and staphylococcus aureus strains. within each species, individual strains showed a high degree of uniformity in their susceptibility to temocilli ... | 1982 | 7181470 |
| studies on the oa-6129 group of antibiotics, new carbapenem compounds. ii. in vitro evaluation. | the oa-6129 group of antibiotics, new carbapenem compounds, had relatively potent antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. synergism of compound oa-6129a in combination with conventional beta-lactam antibiotics was observed in antimicrobial activity against beta-lactamase producers such as proteus vulgaris gn 76 and citrobacter freundii gn 346. the new carbapenem compounds were slightly superior to ps-5 in stability to kidney homogenates of various animal specie ... | 1982 | 7174514 |
| enzymic oxidation of manganese by cell-free extracts of bacteria from manganese concretions from soil. | 1982 | 7173744 | |
| [antibiograms in ambulatory medical practice. results with a group of gram-negative bacilli strains isolated by uroculture]. | during the april 1979--june 1978 period, 1161 tests were carried out on the sensitivity to antibiotics and chemotherapeutical agents of gram-negative bacillus strains isolated from 7632 urocultures. resistance was tested under qualitative control against 13 antimicrobial agents by the kirby-bauer diffusimetric method. the resistance sensitivity and the presence of intermediary strains is shown for e. coli citrobacter, enterobacter, klebsiella, proteus, morganella, providencia, and pseudomonas. a ... | 1982 | 7156696 |
| [comparative in vitro activity of dibekacin, gentamicin and tobramycin on 617 bacterial strains]. | minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of 3 aminoglycosides (dibekacin, gentamicin, tobramycin) have been recorded with 617 hospital strains. 4 mg/l of tobramycin inhibited 82 to 84% of enterobacteria, pseudomonas, acinetobacter and s. aureus; the less sensitive species are serratia (51%) and citrobacter (68%). 4 mg/l concentration of gentamicin or dibekacin inhibited 80-83% of pseudomonas and s. aureus, 78-79% of acinetobacter and 74% of enterobacteria. dibekacin shows an in vitro a ... | 1982 | 7155846 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical isolates to aminoglycoside antibiotics. susceptibility of clinical isolates from patients with complex and refractory infections]. | four hundred strains (13 species, 8 genera) were obtained from patients with complicated and intractable infections. the antibiotic sensitivities of these isolates were determined in relation to aminoglycoside (ags) (gm, dkb, amk, hbk), beta-lactam (sbpc, pipc, cmz), and fom. 1. the frequency of clinical isolates that were resistant to gm and dkb in this study was high level in the case of s. aureus, enterobacter spp., s. marcescens, proteus spp. (indole positive) and p. aeruginosa. and some of ... | 1982 | 7154245 |
| comparative in vitro antibacterial activity of seven semi-synthetic penicillins against aerobic gram-negative bacteria and enterococci. | the mics and mbcs of mecillinam, ticarcillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin and piperacillin were determined by the microdilution method in liquid medium using 700 strains of gram-negative bacilli and enterococci isolated from pathological sources and classified as a function of their sensitivity to ampicillin and carbenicillin. the ampicillin and carbenicillin-sensitive strains were generally sensitive to the other penicillins, although there were differences in activity. the ampicillin and carbenici ... | 1982 | 7152690 |
| underestimation of total-coliform counts by the membrane filter verification procedure. | coliforms, primarily citrobacter freundii, gave negative verification results in the total-coliform membrane filtration test. the organisms produced gas from lactose in brilliant green bile broth but not in lauryl tryptose broth. the discrepancy was related to the peptone sources used in the media. | 1982 | 7149709 |
| cell and atp yields of citrobacter freundii growing with fumarate and h2 or formate in continuous culture. | out of 19 strains belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae only escherichia coli and citrobacter strains fermented fumarate exclusively to succinate. this fermentation was dependent on the presence of molecular hydrogen or formate. the inability of these micro-organisms to convert fumarate to succinate, acetate and co2 correlated with their lack, or low activity, of oxaloacetate decarboxylase. continuous culture experiments were performed with citrobacter freundii in minimal or complex medium ... | 1982 | 7142962 |
| [antibiotic sensitivity of opportunistic bacteria isolated from patients]. | sensitivity of 147 enterobacteria strains isolated from feces of various patients was determined with the method of serial dilutions on solid nutrient media. 8 antibiotics were tested. by genera (species) the microorganisms were arranged in the following order: e. coli (65 strains), citrobacter (33 strains), e. cloacae (15 strains), serratia liquefaciens (9 strains), hafnia (6 strains), klebsiella (4 strains), pectobacterium (3 strains), non-identified organisms (13 strains). the majority of the ... | 1982 | 7137975 |
| innate human serum bactericidal activity against salmonella, shigella, citrobacter and providencia sp. | 1982 | 7121140 | |
| in vitro potentiation of cephalosporins by alafosfalin against urinary tract bacteria. | potentiating activity of alafosfalin was examined in detail with 8 cephalosporins and mecillinam against 164 urinary bacteria representing 8 genera. alafosfalin was generally comparable in activity to cefamandole and mecillinam but superior to other cephalosporins tested. when the minimal fractional inhibitory concentration indices were compared, synergism was observed with all of the beta-lactams tested for all species except streptococcus faecalis. marked synergism was observed with escherichi ... | 1982 | 7103452 |
| hand carriage of aerobic gram-negative rods by health care personnel. | a quantitative culture technique (hand washed in a glove containing broth for 30 s) was used to determine the frequency of hand carriage of aerobic gram-negative rods by various groups of health care workers and 104 control subjects. overall, 31% of health care workers carried aerobic gram-negative rods on their hands compared to 59% of control subjects (p < 0.001). enterobacter agglomerans accounted for 40% of the isolates, and other enterobacter spp. 7%. other organisms included acinetobacter ... | 1982 | 7097001 |
| comparison of three automated systems for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of gram-negative bacilli. | several instruments for automated or semiautomated susceptibility testing are currently available. three of these instruments, autobac (general diagnostics, warner-lambert co., morris plains, n.j.), ms-2 (abbott laboratories, dallas, tex.), and automicrobic system (ams) (vitek, inc., hazelwood, mo.) were compared for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of gram-negative bacilli. a total of 207 isolates representing 29 species of gram-negative bacilli were tested simultaneously by each instrument ... | 1982 | 7096560 |
| [properties and etiological role of citrobacter 019 in acute intestinal diseases]. | 1982 | 7090655 | |
| citrobacter diversus urinary tract infection. | 1982 | 7081167 | |
| comparative epidemiology of gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria: persistence of carriage and infection. | during a two-year period from january 1979, 260 patients have been involved in an outbreak of carriage and infection due to gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria. we have examined the duration of carriage of such enterobacteria and have compared the carriage of klebsiella with that of other resistant enterobacteria. carriage of gentamicin-resistant enterobacteria occurred most frequently and was least sporadic in the intestinal tract. vaginal carriage was observed in 49 out of 68 patients tested a ... | 1982 | 7076872 |
| recovery of heat-injured citrobacter freundii cells. | 1982 | 7068522 | |
| pulmonary toxicity of endotoxins: comparison of lipopolysaccharides from various bacterial species. | lipopolysaccharides from three gram-negative bacteria isolated from bale cotton and piggery air were analyzed for their chemical composition, and their pulmonary toxicity for guinea pigs, lethal toxicity for mice, and pyrogenicity for rabbits were measured. lipopolysaccharides from enterobacter agglomerans and citrobacter freundii had closely related chemical compositions; both were pyrogenic for rabbits and caused a dose-dependent influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes into the airways of guine ... | 1982 | 7056574 |
| the microbiology of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | the relationship of citrobacter freundii (4280) to the development of colonic hyperplasia in mice was investigated. the number of citrobacter freundii (4280) in the descending colon were quantitated at intervals following experimental inoculation, and findings were correlated with previously reported histological and ultrastructural findings. citrobacter freundii (4280) was a transient infection, lasting 2-3 weeks, after which time mice no longer harbored the organism. neomycin sulfate and tetra ... | 1980 | 7052371 |
| comparison of two methods for same-day identification of enterobacteriaceae. | two commercial methods, api 20e (as modified for same-day enterobacterial identification) and micro-id, were evaluated for ability to provide useful same-day information of 368 clinically isolated enterobacteriaceae. organisms included escherichia coli (54), shigella (7), edwardsiella tarda (1), salmonella enteritidis (10), citrobacter (30), klebsiella (55), enterobacter (68), hafnia alvei (2), serratia (33), proteus (64), morganella morganii (24), providencia (18), and yersinia enterocolitica ( ... | 1982 | 7051807 |
| [perinatal infections caused by rare pathogens. 5. citrobacter]. | 1982 | 7050839 | |
| physical map of pcola-ca31, an amplifiable plasmid, and location of colicin a structural gene. | evidence showing that the plasmic cola, derived from strain ca31[pcola] can be amplified in the presence of chloramphenicol is presented. this plasmid has been purified and its mr-value has been found to be 4.6 x 10(6) or 7 kb. twelve cleavage sites have been mapped in pcola by using single and double restriction endonuclease digestions. these sites were ordered in relation to the single hindiii site. the other restriction endonucleases used were, respectively, smai, avai, psti and hincii. estab ... | 1982 | 7049840 |
| antenatal and neonatal bacterial infections: pathogenesis, significance, and diagnosis. | 1981 | 7049521 | |
| [compared studies of antimicrobial agents against e. coli, klebsiella, citrobacter and proteus isolated from urinary tract infections]. | in vitro activities of antibacterial agents against e. coli, klebsiella, citrobacter and proteus which were isolated from patients urinary tract infections at 8 hospitals in japan, were investigated by agar dilution method from july to october in 1979. the summarized results are as follows. 1. among oral antibacterial agents, mpc and ppa have showed potent antibacterial activities against e. coli and klebsiella. among parenteral antibiotics, ctm was the most active against e. coli and klebsiella ... | 1982 | 7047795 |
| in vitro evaluation of centa, a new beta-lactamase-susceptible chromogenic cephalosporin reagent. | centa is a newly synthesized, beta-lactamase-labile, chromogenic cephalosporin reagent which changes color from light yellow (lambda maximum ca. 340 nm) to chrome yellow (lambda maximum ca. 405 nm) concomitant with hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring. this compound offers promise as a diagnostic reagent comparable to other chromogens (padac and nitrocefin) for the early detection of beta-lactamase-producing clinical isolates, while retaining some antimicrobial effect against escherichia coli, kle ... | 1982 | 7047560 |
| [cytochrome composition and content of citrobacter freundii]. | citrobacter freundii, strain 62, produces considerable amounts of cytochromes c and b when it grows in media with different carbon compounds under both aerobic anc anaerobic conditions. the content of cytochromes c increases under anaerobic conditions, particularly in the presence of formate or dmso, and under aerobic conditions if formate is added. in contrast, the amount of cytochromes b decreased when the culture is grown in media with formate under anaerobic conditions. cytochrome o is princ ... | 1982 | 7045598 |
| [review [new antibiotics series i]: cefuroxime (author's transl)]. | cefuroxime (cxm) is a new injectable cephalosporin stable against beta-lactamases. the results of preclinical and clinical studies so far carried out in japan on cefuroxime are summarized in this paper. 1. cxm is stable to various kinds of beta-lactamases except the one produced by p. vulgaris gn 76 (richmond type ic). reflecting this action, cxm has been shown to have antibacterial activity, not only against organisms which respond to conventional cephalosporins, but also against citrobacter, e ... | 1982 | 7045446 |
| enzyme immunoassay for detection of salmonellae in foods. | an enzyme immunoassay was developed to detect salmonella in foods. indirect test protocols were developed for use with microtitration plates or gilford microcuvettes. samples from enrichment cultures were mixed with h-specific immunoglobulin g and allowed to react; unbound antibody was removed by three 5-min centrifugation washes; goat anti-rabbit antibody conjugated to alkaline phosphatase was added and allowed to react; and unbound conjugate was removed by centrifugation washing as before. sal ... | 1982 | 7044311 |
| rapid differentiation of bacterial meningitides by direct gas-liquid chromatography. | rapid identification of haemophilus influenzae and other bacillary meningitides was attempted by gas-liquid chromatography (glc) of the metabolic by-products in broth cultures and in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples obtained from experimental meningitis produced in new zealand white male rabbits. these results were correlated with the glc of csf of meningitis patients. a major peak with retention time of succinic acid was found in the broth cultures of all bacilli tested including h. influenzae ... | 1982 | 7042759 |
| exclusive localization of colicin a in cell cytoplasm of producing bacteria. | the production of colicin a in citrobacter freundii and in escherichia coli was studied. after induction with low concentrations of mitomycin c, these organisms differed with regards to cell growth, cell viability, and kinetics of colicin a biosynthesis. despite these differences, immunoferritin labelling on ultra-thin sections of induced frozen cells demonstrated that colicin a was located exclusively within the cell cytoplasm in both types of bacteria. by using protein markers, it was shown th ... | 1981 | 7042335 |
| [heart involvement in combined acute dysentery and coli infection]. | 1982 | 7040798 | |
| sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of the automicrobic system (with the enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical card) for identifying clinical isolates of gram- negative bacilli. | two independent laboratories tested 1,743 clinical isolates by using the enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical card in the automicrobic system (ams) and identical standard reference methods. included were 55 isolates representing 11 species that cannot be identified by the enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical card computer program; 3 or these isolates were incorrectly identified as pseudomonas cepacia. with the other 1,688 isolates, 5% of the ams identifications were considered to be equivocal (pro ... | 1982 | 7040457 |
| genetic and molecular studies of the regulation of atypical citrate utilization and variable vi antigen expression in enteric bacteria. | 1. the atypical citrate-utilizing ability to two strains of e. coli has been shown to be plasmid-encoded. strain v414 carries a 130 mdal conjugative cit+ plasmid that also specifies tcr and cmr. strain v517 carries 9 different plasmid species but only the 36 mdal species is correlated with cit+ ability. these plasmids are different from previously reported cit+ plasmids of e. coli and salmonella, which express thermosensitive conjugal transfer systems. 2. a 9 kb pstl fragment, carrying the cit+ ... | 1982 | 7039598 |
| the inhibition of bacterial cell growth by ketone bodies. | the effect of ketone bodies on the growth, in culture, of escherichia coli was investigated. both growth and glucose utilisation were inhibited in the presence of 20 mmol/l d-3-hydroxybutyrate. lower concentrations of d-3-hydroxybutyrate caused proportionally less inhibition of growth. acetoacetate also inhibited growth but other glycolytic inhibitors and chemical analogues of d-3-hydroxybutyrate either did not inhibit or proved to be too toxic for bacterial growth. citrate enhanced the ketone b ... | 1981 | 7034705 |