Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| development and characterization of protective haemophilus parasuis subunit vaccines based on native proteins with affinity to porcine transferrin and comparison with other subunit and commercial vaccines. | haemophilus parasuis is the agent responsible for causing glässer's disease, which is characterized by fibrinous polyserositis, polyarthritis, and meningitis in pigs. in this study, we have characterized native outer membrane proteins with affinity to porcine transferrin (npapt) from h. parasuis serovar 5, nagasaki strain. this pool of proteins was used as antigen to developed two vaccine formulations: one was adjuvanted with a mineral oil (montanide ims 2215 vg pr), while the other was potentia ... | 2010 | 20926701 |
| association of bacteria and viruses with wheezy episodes in young children: prospective birth cohort study. | to study the association between wheezy symptoms in young children and the presence of bacteria in the airways. | 2010 | 20921080 |
| identification of burkholderia mallei and burkholderia pseudomallei adhesins for human respiratory epithelial cells. | burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei cause the diseases melioidosis and glanders, respectively. a well-studied aspect of pathogenesis by these closely-related bacteria is their ability to invade and multiply within eukaryotic cells. in contrast, the means by which b. pseudomallei and b. mallei adhere to cells are poorly defined. the purpose of this study was to identify adherence factors expressed by these organisms. | 2010 | 20920184 |
| pneumococcal carriage is more common in asthmatic than in non-asthmatic young men. | the aim was to investigate the prevalence of oropharyngeal carriage of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, neisseria meningitidis and beta-haemolytic streptococci among asthmatic and non-asthmatic young finnish men and to identify putative risk factors. | 2010 | 20887345 |
| durable infection control and function with the prostalac spacer in two-stage revision for infected knee arthroplasty. | a two-stage revision total knee arthroplasty is recognized as the gold standard in the treatment of infection. however, traditional spacers limit function in the interval between the two stages and may cause instability, scarring, and bone erosion. the prostalac knee spacer is an antibiotic-loaded cement articulating spacer that allows some movement of the knee between stages. whether motion enhances long-term function is unknown. | 2010 | 20878287 |
| durable infection control and function with the prostalac spacer in two-stage revision for infected knee arthroplasty. | a two-stage revision total knee arthroplasty is recognized as the gold standard in the treatment of infection. however, traditional spacers limit function in the interval between the two stages and may cause instability, scarring, and bone erosion. the prostalac knee spacer is an antibiotic-loaded cement articulating spacer that allows some movement of the knee between stages. whether motion enhances long-term function is unknown. | 2010 | 20878287 |
| greatest international antiinfective trial (giant) with moxifloxacin in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: subanalysis of chinese data of a global, multicenter, noninterventional study. | a single infective acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (aecb) has a sustained effect on health status. although a number of clinical investigations have demonstrated the efficacy of antibiotics in aecb, increased bacterial resistance has caused concern about the efficacy of currently available antibiotic therapies. this subanalysis of a global noninterventional study aimed to evaluate the impact of aecb on the patient and the community and the effectiveness and safety of a treatment with mo ... | 2010 | 20865098 |
| structure of a burkholderia pseudomallei trimeric autotransporter adhesin head. | pathogenic bacteria adhere to the host cell surface using a family of outer membrane proteins called trimeric autotransporter adhesins (taas). although taas are highly divergent in sequence and domain structure, they are all conceptually comprised of a c-terminal membrane anchoring domain and an n-terminal passenger domain. passenger domains consist of a secretion sequence, a head region that facilitates binding to the host cell surface, and a stalk region. | 2010 | 20862217 |
| nested pcr-linked capillary electrophoresis and single-strand conformation polymorphisms for detection of macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae in beijing, china. | mycoplasma pneumoniae is usually susceptible to macrolides, but macrolide-resistant strains have been found frequently in recent years. mutations in domain v of the 23s rrna gene of m. pneumoniae interfere with the binding of macrolides to rrna and mediate macrolide resistance. in this study, we developed a rapid and inexpensive method that combines nested pcr (npcr), single-strand conformation polymorphisms (sscps), and capillary electrophoresis (ce) to detect macrolide-resistant mutants direct ... | 2010 | 20861333 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of lcb01-0371, a new oxazolidinone. | lcb01-0371 is a new oxazolidinone with cyclic amidrazone. in vitro activity of lcb01-0371 against 624 clinical isolates was evaluated and compared with those of linezolid, vancomycin, and other antibiotics. lcb01-0371 showed good activity against gram-positive pathogens. in vivo activity of lcb01-0371 against systemic infections in mice was also evaluated. lcb01-0371 was more active than linezolid against these systemic infections. lcb01-0371 showed bacteriostatic activity against staphylococcus ... | 2010 | 20855730 |
| colistin resistance in acinetobacter baumannii is mediated by complete loss of lipopolysaccharide production. | infections caused by multidrug-resistant (mdr) gram-negative bacteria represent a major global health problem. polymyxin antibiotics such as colistin have resurfaced as effective last-resort antimicrobials for use against mdr gram-negative pathogens, including acinetobacter baumannii. here we show that a. baumannii can rapidly develop resistance to polymyxin antibiotics by complete loss of the initial binding target, the lipid a component of lipopolysaccharide (lps), which has long been consider ... | 2010 | 20855724 |
| colonization of healthy children by moraxella catarrhalis is characterized by genotype heterogeneity, virulence gene diversity and co-colonization with haemophilus influenzae. | the colonization dynamics of moraxella catarrhalis were studied in a population comprising 1079 healthy children living in rotterdam, the netherlands (the generation r focus cohort). a total of 2751 nasal swabs were obtained during four clinic visits timed to take place at 1.5, 6, 14 and 24 months of age, yielding a total of 709 m. catarrhalis and 621 haemophilus influenzae isolates. between january 2004 and december 2006, approximate but regular 6-monthly cycles of colonization were observed, w ... | 2011 | 20847012 |
| antibacterial activity of carbapenems against clinical isolates of respiratory bacterial pathogens in the northeastern region of japan in 2007. | as the increasing prevalence of resistant strains of respiratory bacterial pathogens has recently been reported, continuous monitoring of the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antibacterial agents is important. we performed a surveillance study focusing on the susceptibility of major respiratory bacterial pathogens in the northeastern region of japan to carbapenems and control drugs. a total of 168 bacterial strains isolated from patients with respiratory tract infections in 2007 were colle ... | 2011 | 20839026 |
| comparative in vitro activities of torezolid (da-7157) against clinical isolates of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in south korea. | resistance of gram-positive pathogens to first-line antimicrobial agents has been increasing in many parts of the world. we compared the in vitro activities of torezolid with those of other antimicrobial agents, including linezolid, against clinical isolates of major aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. torezolid had an mic(90) of ≤0.5 μg/ml for the gram-positive bacterial isolates tested and was more potent than either linezolid or vancomycin. | 2010 | 20837761 |
| moraxella catarrhalis lgt2, a galactosyltransferase with broad acceptor substrate specificity. | the genetic basis of lipo-oligosaccharide (los) biosynthesis for the bacterium moraxella catarrhalis has been elucidated and functions suggested for each of the glycosyltransferases. in this study we have expressed and characterised one of these enzymes, the putative galactosyltransferase lgt2(b/c). the lgt2(b/c) gene was amplified from m. catarrhalis, expressed in escherichia coli, and lgt2(b/c) was purified. analysis of its glycosyltransferase catalytic activity ascertained the ph and temperat ... | 2010 | 20832776 |
| the in vitro evaluation of solithromycin (cem-101) against pathogens isolated in the united states and europe (2009). | solithromycin (formerly cem-101) is a novel fluoroketolide with potent activity against bacterial pathogens that are susceptible or resistant to other mls(b)-ketolide agents. the objective of this study was to assess the activity of solithromycin and comparator antimicrobials against a large number and variety of contemporary clinical bacterial pathogens collected in the united states (usa) and europe during 2009. | 2010 | 20831882 |
| the patterns of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance of bacterial keratitis isolates in glasgow, united kingdom. | trends in antibiotic sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria change with time and the emergence of resistance to commonly used antibiotics is not uncommon. the aim of this study is to identify the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance patterns in a tertiary referral centre that commonly manages corneal infections. | 2010 | 20831515 |
| suppression subtractive hybridization identifies an autotransporter adhesin gene of e. coli imt5155 specifically associated with avian pathogenic escherichia coli (apec). | extraintestinal pathogenic e. coli (expec) represent a phylogenetically diverse group of bacteria which are implicated in a large range of infections in humans and animals. although subgroups of different expec pathotypes, including uropathogenic, newborn meningitis causing, and avian pathogenic e. coli (apec) share a number of virulence features, there still might be factors specifically contributing to the pathogenesis of a certain subset of strains or a distinct pathotype. thus, we made use o ... | 2010 | 20828376 |
| gluconobacter as well as asaia species, newly emerging opportunistic human pathogens among acetic acid bacteria. | acetic acid bacteria (aab) are broadly used in industrial food processing. among them, members of the genera asaia, acetobacter, and granulibacter were recently reported to be human opportunistic pathogens. we isolated aab from clinical samples from three patients and describe here the clinical and bacteriological features of these cases. we report for the first time (i) the isolation of a gluconobacter sp. from human clinical samples; (ii) the successive isolation of different aab, i.e., an asa ... | 2010 | 20826638 |
| microbiology of acute complicated bacterial sinusitis at the university of the witwatersrand. | a retrospective chart review study at two referral hospitals identified 226 consecutive surgical patients with acute complicated sinusitis. | 2010 | 20822623 |
| risk factors for otitis media in children with special emphasis on the role of colonization with bacterial airway pathogens: the generation r study. | acute otitis media is the most frequent diagnosis in children visiting physicians' offices. risk factors for otitis media have been widely studied. yet, the correlation between bacterial carriage and the development of otitis media is not entirely clear. our aim was to study in a population-based prospective cohort the risk factors for otitis media in the second year of life with special emphasis on the role of colonization with streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella cata ... | 2011 | 20821039 |
| specificity in killing pathogens is mediated by distinct repertoires of human neutrophil peptides. | neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptides and proteins (amps) play an important role in the defense against microbes. absence of defense is illustrated by neutropenic patients with frequent bacterial and fungal infections. however, the specificity of the antimicrobial effects has not been adequately described. we set out to determine the specific antimicrobial pattern of polypeptides in neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, pmns) against 4 potential human pathogens: moraxella catarrhalis, s ... | 2010 | 20820100 |
| moraxella catarrhalis: an unrecognized pathogen of the oral cavity? | abstract objective: we investigated the effect of the bacterial flora of the nose and throat on the outcome of the initial repairs of the cleft palate in the presence of prophylactic antibiotics. design: a retrospective review of 90 procedures in 66 patients who had cleft palate repair between april 2005 and june 2007 was carried out at booth hall children's hospital, manchester, uk. both isolated cleft palate (cp) and cleft lip and palate (clp) patients were included. exclusion criteria include ... | 2010 | 20815726 |
| the synthetic bacterial lipopeptide pam3csk4 modulates respiratory syncytial virus infection independent of tlr activation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of acute respiratory disease in infants, immunocompromised subjects and the elderly. however, it is unclear why most primary rsv infections are associated with relatively mild symptoms, whereas some result in severe lower respiratory tract infections and bronchiolitis. since rsv hospitalization has been associated with respiratory bacterial co-infections, we have tested if bacterial toll-like receptor (tlr) agonists influence rsv-a2-gfp inf ... | 2010 | 20808895 |
| management of acute otitis media. | 2009 | 20808476 | |
| vitronectin in bacterial pathogenesis: a host protein used in complement escape and cellular invasion. | the multifunctional human glycoprotein vitronectin (vn) plays a significant role in cell migration, tissue repair and regulation of membrane attack complex (mac) formation. it also promotes neutrophil infiltration and, thus, enhances the inflammatory process during infection. in the host, a balanced homeostasis is maintained by vn due to neutralization of the self-reactivity of the mac. on the other hand, vn bound to the bacterial surface protects from mac-mediated lysis and enhances adhesion. g ... | 2010 | 20807208 |
| prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in canadian hospitals: results of the canadian ward surveillance study (canward 2008). | a total of 5,282 bacterial isolates obtained between 1 january and 31 december 31 2008, inclusive, from patients in 10 hospitals across canada as part of the canadian ward surveillance study (canward 2008) underwent susceptibility testing. the 10 most common organisms, representing 78.8% of all clinical specimens, were as follows: escherichia coli (21.4%), methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa; 13.9%), streptococcus pneumoniae (10.3%), pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.1%), klebsiella pneu ... | 2010 | 20805395 |
| indirect pathogenicity of haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis in polymicrobial otitis media occurs via interspecies quorum signaling. | otitis media (om) is among the leading diseases of childhood and is caused by opportunists that reside within the nasopharynx, such as haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. as with most airway infections, it is now clear that om infections involve multiple organisms. this study addresses the hypothesis that polymicrobial infection alters the course, severity, and/or treatability of om disease. the results clearly show that coinfection with h. influenzae and m. catarrhalis promotes th ... | 2010 | 20802829 |
| comparative analyses of the bacterial microbiota of the human nostril and oropharynx. | the nose and throat are important sites of pathogen colonization, yet the microbiota of both is relatively unexplored by culture-independent approaches. we examined the bacterial microbiota of the nostril and posterior wall of the oropharynx from seven healthy adults using two culture-independent methods, a 16s rrna gene microarray (phylochip) and 16s rrna gene clone libraries. while the bacterial microbiota of the oropharynx was richer than that of the nostril, the oropharyngeal microbiota vari ... | 2010 | 20802827 |
| sensitization of microcin j25-resistant strains by a membrane-permeabilizing peptide. | microcin j25 (mccj25) is a plasmid-encoded, 21-amino-acid, antibacterial peptide produced by escherichia coli. mccj25 inhibits rna polymerase and the membrane respiratory chain. mccj25 uptake into e. coli-sensitive strains is mediated by the outer membrane receptor fhua and the inner membrane proteins tonb, exbb, exbd, and sbma. this peptide is active on some e. coli, salmonella, and shigella species strains, while other gram-negative bacteria, such as clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae, ... | 2010 | 20802073 |
| down-regulation of porin m35 in moraxella catarrhalis by aminopenicillins and environmental factors and its potential contribution to the mechanism of resistance to aminopenicillins. | the outer membrane protein m35 of moraxella catarrhalis is an antigenically conserved porin. knocking out m35 significantly increases the mics of aminopenicillins. the aim of this study was to determine the biological mechanism of this potentially new antimicrobial resistance mechanism of m. catarrhalis and the behaviour of m35 in general stress situations. | 2010 | 20801781 |
| new insights into the enigma of immunoglobulin d. | immunoglobulin d (igd) has remained a mysterious antibody class for almost half a century. igd was initially thought to be a recently evolved ig isotype expressed only by some mammalian species, but recent discoveries in fishes and amphibians demonstrate that igd was present in the ancestor of all jawed vertebrates and has important immunological functions. the structure of igd has been very dynamic throughout evolution. mammals can express igd through alternative splicing and class switch recom ... | 2010 | 20727035 |
| effectiveness of antibiotics for acute sinusitis in real-life medical practice. | determining bacterial aetiology of acute sinusitis is difficult without employing invasive procedures. most episodes of acute sinusitis resolve spontaneously. antibiotics have demonstrated efficacy for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis in clinical trials yet little is known of their effectiveness in real-life treatment settings. | 2010 | 20716243 |
| incidence of bacterial coinfection with respiratory syncytial virus bronchopulmonary infection in pediatric inpatients. | bacterial coinfection occurs in pediatric bronchopulmonary infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), but the incidence is uncertain. our subjects are 188 pediatric inpatients having rsv bronchopulmonary infection in two hospitals in chiba prefecture between 2005 and 2007. on admission, antigen detection kits using nasopharyngeal aspirate were performed to detect rsv infection and washed sputum bacterial culture was performed to detect bacterial infection. of the 188 pediatric inpat ... | 2011 | 20700753 |
| discovery and analysis of 4h-pyridopyrimidines, a class of selective bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors. | bacterial protein synthesis is the target for numerous natural and synthetic antibacterial agents. we have developed a poly(u) mrna-directed aminoacylation/translation protein synthesis system composed of phenyl-trna synthetases, ribosomes, and ribosomal factors from escherichia coli. this system, utilizing purified components, has been used for high-throughput screening of a small-molecule chemical library. we have identified a series of compounds that inhibit protein synthesis with 50% inhibit ... | 2010 | 20696870 |
| community-acquired pneumonia in elderly patients. | community-acquired pneumonia continues to have a significant impact on elderly individuals, who are affected more frequently and with more severe consequences than younger populations. as the population ages it is expected that the medical and economic impact of this disease will increase. despite these concerns, little progress has been made in research specifically focusing on community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly. data continue to show that a high index of suspicion, early antimicrobial ... | 2009 | 20694055 |
| association between nasopharyngeal load of streptococcus pneumoniae, viral coinfection, and radiologically confirmed pneumonia in vietnamese children. | the interplay between nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage, viral coinfection, and lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) is poorly understood. we explored this association in vietnamese children aged less than 5 years. | 2011 | 20686433 |
| outbreak of corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum infection in cystic fibrosis patients, france. | an increasing body of evidence indicates that nondiphtheria corynebacteria may be responsible for respiratory tract infections. we report an outbreak of corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum infection in children with cystic fibrosis (cf). to identify 18 c. pseudodiphtheriticum strains isolated from 13 french children with cf, we used molecular methods (partial rpob gene sequencing) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry. clinical symptoms wer ... | 2010 | 20678316 |
| prediction of delayed recovery from pediatric community-acquired pneumonia. | if children with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) do not recover within 48 hours after starting antibiotic therapy, complications are possible and a checkup must be ensured.aim of the present study was to evaluate the improvement of pediatric cap, within 48 hours after starting therapy, in relation to age, etiology, clinical/laboratory characteristics and selected antibiotics. | 2010 | 20670443 |
| characterization of a moraxella species that causes epistaxis in macaques. | bacteria of the genus moraxella have been isolated from a variety of mammalian hosts. in a prior survey of bacteria that colonize the rhesus macaque nasopharynx, performed at the tulane national primate research center, organisms of the moraxella genus were isolated from animals with epistaxis, or "bloody nose syndrome." they were biochemically identified as moraxella catarrhalis, and cryopreserved. another isolate was obtained from an epistatic cynomolgus macaque at the u.s. army medical resear ... | 2011 | 20667430 |
| a decade of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis 1996-2006. | this study aimed to determine the aetiology, clinical presentation, co-morbidity, severity and the lobar distribution of non cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (ncfb). we performed a retrospective review of clinical, radiological, immunological and microbiological data from 92 non-cf patients with a high resolution thoracic ct (hrct) diagnosis of bronchiectasis in the three dublin children's referral hospitals for the period 1996-2006. of 92 patients (50 female), the median age at diagnosis was 6.4 ... | 2010 | 20666070 |
| efficacy and safety of nemonoxacin versus levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia. | nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, exhibits potent in vitro and in vivo activities against community-acquired pneumonia (cap) pathogens, including multidrug-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae. patients with mild to moderate cap (n = 265) were randomized to receive oral nemonoxacin (750 mg or 500 mg) or levofloxacin (500 mg) once daily for 7 days. clinical responses were determined at the test-of-cure visit in intent-to-treat (itt), clinical per protocol (ppc), evaluable-itt, and eval ... | 2010 | 20660689 |
| biochemical and functional characterization of helicobacter pylori vesicles. | helicobacter pylori can cause peptic ulcer disease and/or gastric cancer. adhesion of bacteria to the stomach mucosa is an important contributor to the vigour of infection and resulting virulence. h. pylori adheres primarily via binding of baba adhesins to abo/lewis b (leb) blood group antigens and the binding of saba adhesins to sialyl-lewis x/a (slex/a) antigens. similar to most gram-negative bacteria, h. pylori continuously buds off vesicles and vesicles derived from pathogenic bacteria often ... | 2010 | 20659286 |
| respiratory bacterial pathogens in the nasopharynx and lower airways of australian indigenous children with bronchiectasis. | to test the hypothesis that bacterial density, strain diversity, and concordance of pathogens between upper and lower airways are higher in children with bronchiectasis than in those with non-bronchiectatic conditions. | 2010 | 20656297 |
| tracing phylogenomic events leading to diversity of haemophilus influenzae and the emergence of brazilian purpuric fever (bpf)-associated clones. | here we report the use of a multi-genome dna microarray to elucidate the genomic events associated with the emergence of the clonal variants of haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius causing brazilian purpuric fever (bpf), an important pediatric disease with a high mortality rate. we performed directed genome sequencing of strain hk1212 unique loci to construct a species dna microarray. comparative genome hybridization using this microarray enabled us to determine and compare gene complements ... | 2010 | 20654709 |
| exposing rodents to a combination of tobacco smoke and lipopolysaccharide results in an exaggerated inflammatory response in the lung. | acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), which are often associated with respiratory infections, are defined as a worsening of symptoms that require a change in medication. exacerbations are characterized by a reduction in lung function, quality of life and are associated with increased pro-inflammatory mediators in the lung. our aim was to develop an animal model to mimic aspects of this exaggerated inflammatory response by combining key etiological factors, tobacco ... | 2010 | 20649596 |
| correlation of viral load of respiratory pathogens and co-infections with disease severity in children hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infection. | the clinical significance of viral load and co-infections in children with respiratory infections is not clear. | 2010 | 20646956 |
| the bps polysaccharide of bordetella pertussis promotes colonization and biofilm formation in the nose by functioning as an adhesin. | many respiratory pathogens establish persistent infection or a carrier state in the human nasopharynx without overt disease symptoms but the presence of these in the lungs usually results in disease. although the anatomy and microenvironments between nasopharynx and lungs are different, a virulence factor with an organ-specific function in the colonization of the nasopharynx is unknown. in contrast to the severity of pertussis and mortality in non-vaccinated young children, bordetella pertussis ... | 2010 | 20633227 |
| rapid identification of bacterial pathogens in positive blood culture bottles by use of a broad-based pcr assay coupled with high-resolution melt analysis. | we evaluated a broad-based pcr assay coupled with high-resolution melt analysis for rapid bacterial identification in patients with bacterial sepsis. with a reference library of 60 clinically relevant bacterial species, 52 positive blood culture samples were tested. our assay identified 46/52 samples at the species level, with 100% concordance to culture findings. | 2010 | 20631110 |
| vaccine preventable community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children in northwest china. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is a major cause of morbidity in industrialized countries and morbidity/mortality in developing countries. in china, comprehensive studies of the etiology of cap in children aged between 2 months and 14 years who are serious enough to require hospitalization are lacking. previous studies have been limited in child age range, focused on fatal cases, and/or limited in etiologies sought. an understanding of the etiologies is needed for development of best preventi ... | 2011 | 20625346 |
| the distributed genome hypothesis as a rubric for understanding evolution in situ during chronic bacterial biofilm infectious processes. | most chronic infectious disease processes associated with bacteria are characterized by the formation of a biofilm that provides for bacterial attachment to the host tissue or the implanted medical device. the biofilm protects the bacteria from the host's adaptive immune response as well as predation by phagocytic cells. however, the most insidious aspect of biofilm biology from the host's point of view is that the biofilm provides an ideal setting for bacterial horizontal gene transfer (hgt). h ... | 2010 | 20618850 |
| an outer membrane receptor of neisseria meningitidis involved in zinc acquisition with vaccine potential. | since the concentration of free iron in the human host is low, efficient iron-acquisition mechanisms constitute important virulence factors for pathogenic bacteria. in gram-negative bacteria, tonb-dependent outer membrane receptors are implicated in iron acquisition. it is far less clear how other metals that are also scarce in the human host are transported across the bacterial outer membrane. with the aim of identifying novel vaccine candidates, we characterized in this study a hitherto unknow ... | 2010 | 20617164 |
| peptide deformylase inhibitors with retro-amide scaffold: synthesis and structure-activity relationships. | peptide deformylase (pdf) is a metalloprotease catalyzing the removal of a formyl group from newly synthesized proteins. thus inhibition of pdf activity is considered to be one of the most effective antibiotic strategies. reported herein are the synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of retro-amide inhibitors based on actinonin, a naturally occurring pdf inhibitor. analysis of the structure-activity relationships led to the discovery of 7a, which exhibits potent enzyme inhibition ... | 2010 | 20615695 |
| medical and legal implications of testing for sexually transmitted infections in children. | testing for sexually transmitted infections (stis) in children presents a number of problems for the practitioner that are not usually faced when testing adults for the same infections. the identification of an sti in a child can have, in addition to medical implications, serious legal implications. the presence of an sti is often used to support the presence or allegations of sexual abuse, and conversely, the identification of an sti in a child will prompt an investigation of possible abuse. th ... | 2010 | 20610820 |
| growth inhibition of oral mutans streptococci and candida by commercial probiotic lactobacilli--an in vitro study. | probiotic bacteria are suggested to play a role in the maintenance of oral health. such health promoting bacteria are added to different commercial probiotic products. the aim of the study was to investigate the ability of a selection of lactobacilli strains, used in commercially available probiotic products, to inhibit growth of oral mutans streptococci and c. albicans in vitro. | 2010 | 20598145 |
| characterization of the six glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of yersinia enterocolitica serotype o:3 lipopolysaccharide outer core. | yersinia enterocolitica (ye) is a gram-negative bacterium; ye serotype o:3 expresses lipopolysaccharide (lps) with a hexasaccharide branch known as the outer core (oc). the oc is important for the resistance of the bacterium to cationic antimicrobial peptides and also functions as a receptor for bacteriophage phir1-37 and enterocoliticin. the biosynthesis of the oc hexasaccharide is directed by the oc gene cluster that contains nine genes (wzx, wbcklmnopq, and gne). in this study, we inactivated ... | 2010 | 20595390 |
| spiral gradient endpoint susceptibility testing: a fresh look at a neglected technique. | increasing antibiotic resistance and interest in matching antibiotic therapy with pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics of isolates has led to increasing demands for determination of mics. this can lead to increased costs for the laboratory. the spiral gradient endpoint (sge) technique, a low-cost method of mic determination, was developed some years ago. although the technique showed good correlation with reference methods, it was not widely employed, mainly due to the introduction of ... | 2010 | 20595209 |
| the viriato study: update on antimicrobial resistance of microbial pathogens responsible for community-acquired respiratory tract infections in portugal. | the viriato study is a prospective, multicentre laboratory-based surveillance study of antimicrobial susceptibility in which 30 microbiology laboratories throughout portugal are asked to isolate, identify and submit to a central laboratory for testing streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis responsible for community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections and streptococcus pyogenes from tonsillitis. to monitor changes in antimicrobial resistance patterns of ... | 2010 | 20590169 |
| mapping the anatomy of respiratory syncytial virus infection of the upper airways in chinchillas (chinchilla lanigera). | although most viral infections of the upper respiratory tract can predispose to bacterial otitis media, human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the predominant viral copathogen of this highly prevalent pediatric polymicrobial disease. rigorous study of the specific mechanisms by which hrsv predisposes to otitis media has been hindered by lack of a relevant animal model. we recently reported that the chinchilla, the preferred rodent host for studying otitis media, is semipermissive for upper- ... | 2010 | 20579438 |
| community-acquired moraxella catarrhalis pneumonia in previously healthy children. | the aim of this study was to determine if moraxella catarrhalis is a common cause of community acquired pneumonia in children with no chronic medical problems. a secondary goal was to describe the clinical features of children with m. catarrhalis pneumonia. | 2010 | 20575092 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of respiratory pathogens recently isolated in italy: focus on cefditoren. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of respiratory pathogens recently isolated in italy to commonly used antibiotics including cefditoren. six clinical microbiological laboratories collected, between january and september 2009, a total of 2,510 respiratory pathogens from subjects with community-acquired respiratory tract infections (carti). ceftditoren, out of all the beta-lactams studied, had the lowest mic(90 )against 965 strains of streptococcus pneumo ... | 2010 | 20566418 |
| an independent in vitro comparison of povidone iodine and sterilid. | povidone iodine (pi) and sterilid (sl) are biocides used to decrease bacterial load on the eyelid margin. we compared the antibacterial activity of pi and sl to determine the better antiseptic. | 2010 | 20565315 |
| performance of the oxoid m.i.c.evaluator strips compared with the etest assay and bsac agar dilution. | the oxoid m.i.c.evaluator (m.i.c.e; thermo fisher scientific) comprises an antibiotic gradient on a plastic support. we compared its performance with etest--a similar product--using bsac agar dilution as a reference. | 2010 | 20562429 |
| [usefulness and limit of gram staining smear examination]. | gram staining is one of the most simple and inexpensive methods for the rapid diagnosis of bacterial and fungal infections. it yields results much faster than culture, and provides important data for the patient's treatment and prognosis. however, a difference exists in the quality and quantity of information yielded by gram staining smears based on the experience and knowledge of those conducting the tests. therefore, a risk of misdiagnosis based on the information obtained from gram staining s ... | 2010 | 20560458 |
| detection and characterization of human ureaplasma species and serovars by real-time pcr. | we designed primers and probes for the detection and discrimination of ureaplasma parvum and u. urealyticum and their 14 serovars by real-time pcr. the analytical sensitivity and specificity of the multiplex species-specific pcr were determined by testing corresponding american type culture collection (atcc) type strains, 47 other microbial species, and human genomic dna. the limits of the multiplex pcr were 2.8 x 10(-2) cfu/microl pcr mixture for detecting u. parvum and 4.1 x 10(-2) cfu/microl ... | 2010 | 20554828 |
| vibrio cholerae el tor tcpa crystal structure and mechanism for pilus-mediated microcolony formation. | type iv pili (t4p) are critical to virulence for vibrio cholerae and other bacterial pathogens. among their diverse functions, t4p mediate microcolony formation, which protects the bacteria from host defences and concentrates secreted toxins. the t4p of the two v. cholerae o1 disease biotypes, classical and el tor, share 81% identity in their tcpa subunits, yet these filaments differ in their interaction patterns as assessed by electron microscopy. to understand the molecular basis for pilus-med ... | 2010 | 20545841 |
| human complement regulators c4b-binding protein and c1 esterase inhibitor interact with a novel outer surface protein of borrelia recurrentis. | the spirochete borrelia recurrentis is the causal agent of louse-borne relapsing fever and is transmitted to humans by the infected body louse pediculus humanus. we have recently demonstrated that the b. recurrentis surface receptor, hcpa, specifically binds factor h, the regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation, thereby inhibiting complement mediated bacteriolysis. here, we show that b. recurrentis spirochetes express another potential outer membrane lipoprotein, termed cih ... | 2010 | 20532227 |
| histone deacetylase inhibitor m344 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in human thp-1 leukemia cells. | histone acetylation plays an important role in the silencing and activation of genes involved in tumoregenesis. trichostatin a, originally identified as an anti-fungal drug, is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylase (hdac) with potential anti-tumor activity. in this study, we investigated the effect of m344, an amide analogues of trichostatin a, on the growth and differentiation of thp-1 human leukemia cells. we showed that at low doses, (< 0.2 mum), m344 could inhibit the growth of thp-1 cel ... | 2009 | 20526416 |
| effectiveness, tolerability and safety of azithromycin 1% in durasite for acute bacterial conjunctivitis. | bacterial eye infections are commonly treated with topical antibiotics, despite limited evidence of effectiveness. azithromycin 1% in durasite((r)) is a new formulation of azithromycin in a gel polymer designed for use in acute bacterial conjunctivitis. | 2010 | 20517467 |
| immunoglobulin g subclass deficiency is the major phenotype of primary immunodeficiency in a korean adult cohort. | primary immunodeficiency disease (pid) is a rare disorder in adults. most often, serious forms are detected during infancy or childhood. however, mild forms of pid may not be diagnosed until later in life, and some types of humoral immunodeficiency may occur in adulthood. the purpose of this study was to identify clinical features of pid in korean adults. a retrospective study was performed on 55 adult patients who were diagnosed as pid between january 1998 and january 2009 at a single tertiary ... | 2010 | 20514300 |
| community-acquired bloodstream infections in africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | data on the prevalence and causes of community-acquired bloodstream infections in africa are scarce. we searched three databases for studies that prospectively studied patients admitted to hospital with at least a blood culture, and found 22 eligible studies describing 58 296 patients, of whom 2051 (13.5%) of 15 166 adults and 3527 (8.2%) of 43 130 children had bloodstream infections. 1643 (29.1%) non-malaria bloodstream infections were due to salmonella enterica (58.4% of these non-typhoidal sa ... | 2010 | 20510282 |
| tolerizing allergic responses in the lung. | the absolute requirement of the pulmonary immune system is to limit the inflammatory consequences of inhaled infectious agents while maintaining tolerance to harmless aeroallergens. this tolerance is maintained by a complex network of cells and molecules interacting with lung stromal cells. however, in some individuals there is a breakdown in tolerance to particles such as pollens, animal dander, or dust, resulting in the development of allergic pathology. emerging evidence suggests that this br ... | 2010 | 20505664 |
| evaluation of the analytical performance of the xpert mtb/rif assay. | we performed the first studies of analytic sensitivity, analytic specificity, and dynamic range for the new xpert mtb/rif assay, a nucleic acid amplification-based diagnostic system that detects mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampin (rif) resistance in under 2 h. the sensitivity of the assay was tested with 79 phylogenetically and geographically diverse m. tuberculosis isolates, including 42 drug-susceptible isolates and 37 rif-resistant isolates containing 13 different rpob mutations or mutat ... | 2010 | 20504986 |
| adenoidectomy and nasopharyngeal carriage of streptococcus pneumoniae in young children. | the effect of adenoidectomy on nasopharyngeal colonisation of pathogens has not previously been evaluated. the authors studied the effect of adenoidectomy on nasopharyngeal colonisation by bacteria causing otitis media and the effect of adenoidectomy on the development of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide antibodies. | 2010 | 20504840 |
| pathogenesis of inflammation and repair in advanced copd. | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by an abnormal persistent inflammatory response to noxious environmental stimuli, most commonly cigarette smoke. although cigarette smoking elicits airway inflammation in all of those who smoke, persistent inflammation and clinically significant copd occurs in only a minority of smokers. the pathogenesis of copd involves the recruitment and regulation of neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes to the lung, as well as the induction of oxida ... | 2010 | 20496295 |
| simple sequence repeats and genome plasticity in streptococcus agalactiae. | simple sequence repeats (ssrs) and their role in phase variation have been extensively studied in gram-negative organisms, where they have been associated with antigenic variation and other adaptation strategies. in this study, we apply comparative genomics in order to find evidence of slipped-strand mispairing in the human gram-positive pathogen streptococcus agalactiae. in two consecutive screenings, 2,233 (650 + 1,583) ssrs were identified in our reference genome 2603v/r, and these loci were ... | 2010 | 20494995 |
| activity of a novel series of acylides active against community-acquired respiratory pathogens. | resistance to macrolides and beta-lactams has increased sharply amongst key respiratory pathogens, leading to major concern. a novel series of acylides was designed to overcome this resistance and was evaluated for in vitro and in vivo activity. this series of acylides was designed starting from clarithromycin by changing the substitution on the desosamine nitrogen, followed by conversion to 3-o-acyl and 11,12-carbamate. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of acylides were determined agains ... | 2010 | 20493666 |
| [the role of macrolides in treatment of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. | exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) cause a lot of hospital admissions, mortality, and strongly influence health-related quality of life. approximately half of copd exacerbations are associated with bacterial infections and many patients have lower airways colonization. current guidelines recommend antibotic therapy in course of copd exacerbation for patients with sputum purulence and suggest correlation between severity of symptoms and the type of infecting pathogen. t ... | 2010 | 20491344 |
| antibiotic therapy in elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. | chronic bronchitis (cb) is a critical component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). emphysema, reversible airway disease and bronchiectasis also contribute to copd. elderly patients are at increased risk for copd and its components - emphysema, cb and bronchiectasis. in addition, older patients are at increased risk for resistant organisms during episodes of acute exacerbation of cb (aecb). these organisms include the more common bacteria implicated in aecb, such as haemophilus infl ... | 2009 | 20477342 |
| expression of xylella fastidiosa fimbrial and afimbrial proteins during biofilm formation. | complete sequencing of the xylella fastidiosa genome revealed characteristics that have not been described previously for a phytopathogen. one characteristic of this genome was the abundance of genes encoding proteins with adhesion functions related to biofilm formation, an essential step for colonization of a plant host or an insect vector. we examined four of the proteins belonging to this class encoded by genes in the genome of x. fastidiosa: the pila2 and pilc fimbrial proteins, which are co ... | 2010 | 20472735 |
| in vitro antibacterial activities of s-013420, a novel bicyclolide, against respiratory tract pathogens. | the in vitro activity of s-013420, a novel bicyclolide, was investigated. | 2010 | 20472695 |
| colour of sputum is a marker for bacterial colonisation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | bacterial colonisation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) contributes to airway inflammation and modulates exacerbations. we assessed risk factors for bacterial colonisation in copd. | 2010 | 20470372 |
| topical curcumin can inhibit deleterious effects of upper respiratory tract bacteria on human oropharyngeal cells in vitro: potential role for patients with cancer therapy induced mucositis? | curcumin exerts its anti-inflammatory activity via inhibition of nuclear factor κb. oropharyngeal epithelia and residing bacteria closely interact in inflammation and infection. this in vitro model investigated the effects of curcumin on bacterial survival, adherence to, and invasion of upper respiratory tract epithelia, and studied its anti-inflammatory effect. we aimed to establish a model, which could offer insights into the host-pathogen interaction in cancer therapy induced mucositis. | 2011 | 20467756 |
| besifloxacin: a novel anti-infective for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis. | bacterial conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is demographically unbiased in its prevalence and can be caused by a variety of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. timely empiric treatment with a broad-spectrum anti-infective, such as a topical fluoroquinolone, is critical in preventing potentially irreversible ocular damage. however, the rise in ocular methicillin- resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates and the patterns of fluoroquinolone resistance for patients with other ocular bacterial ... | 2010 | 20463787 |
| keratinocyte growth factor stimulates macrophage inflammatory protein 3α and keratinocyte-derived chemokine secretion by mouse uterine epithelial cells. | communication between uterine epithelial cells and the underlying stromal fibroblasts is critical for proper endometrial function. stromal fibroblast-derived growth factors have been shown to regulate epithelial immune functions. the purpose of this study was to determine whether keratinocyte growth factor (kgf) regulates uterine epithelial cell chemokine and antimicrobial secretion. | 2010 | 20455876 |
| genome analysis of moraxella catarrhalis strain rh4, a human respiratory tract pathogen. | moraxella catarrhalis is an emerging human-restricted respiratory tract pathogen that is a common cause of childhood otitis media and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults. here, we report the first completely assembled and annotated genome sequence of an isolate of m. catarrhalis, strain rh4, which originally was isolated from blood of an infected patient. the rh4 genome consists of 1,863,286 nucleotides that form 1,886 protein-encoding genes. comparison of the rh4 ge ... | 2010 | 20453089 |
| impact of recombination on bacterial evolution. | genetic exchange plays a defining role in the evolution of many bacteria. the recent accumulation of nucleotide sequence data from multiple members of diverse bacterial genera has facilitated comparative studies that have revealed many features of this process. here we focus on genetic exchange that has involved homologous recombination and illustrate how nucleotide sequence data have furthered our understanding of: (i) the frequency of recombination; (ii) the impact of recombination in differen ... | 2010 | 20452218 |
| large screening of ca-mrsa among staphylococcus aureus colonizing healthy young children living in two areas (urban and rural) of portugal. | the incidence of pediatric infections due to community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (ca-mrsa), including children with no identifiable risk factors, has increased worldwide in the last decade. this suggests that healthy children may constitute a reservoir of mrsa in the community. in this study, nested within a larger one on nasopharyngeal ecology, we aimed to: (i) evaluate the prevalence of mrsa colonizing young children in portugal; and (ii) compare results with those ... | 2010 | 20438633 |
| the polymorphism of il-17 g-152a was associated with childhood asthma and bacterial colonization of the hypopharynx in bronchiolitis. | interleukin (il)-17 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma. we investigated the association between single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) of il-17 (rs2275913, il-17 g-152a) and asthma-related traits. its effect on il-17 production was also attractive. | 2010 | 20437253 |
| early fiberoptic bronchoscopy during non-invasive ventilation in patients with decompensated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to community-acquired-pneumonia. | inefficient clearance of copious respiratory secretion is a cause of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (nppv) failure, especially in chronic respiratory patients with community-acquired-pneumonia (cap) and impaired consciousness. we postulated that in such a clinical scenario, when intubation and conventional mechanical ventilation (cmv) are strongly recommended, the suction of secretions with fiberoptic bronchoscopy (fbo) may increase the chance of nppv success. the objective of this p ... | 2010 | 20429929 |
| effectiveness of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against radiologically diagnosed pneumonia in indigenous infants in australia. | to evaluate the effectiveness of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv7) in preventing pneumonia, diagnosed radiologically according to world health organization (who) criteria, among indigenous infants in the northern territory of australia. | 2009 | 20428371 |
| effectiveness of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against radiologically diagnosed pneumonia in indigenous infants in australia. | to evaluate the effectiveness of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv7) in preventing pneumonia, diagnosed radiologically according to world health organization (who) criteria, among indigenous infants in the northern territory of australia. | 2009 | 20428371 |
| the development of a 16s rrna gene based pcr for the identification of streptococcus pneumoniae and comparison with four other species specific pcr assays. | streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most frequently encountered pathogens in humans but its differentiation from closely related but less pathogenic streptococci remains a challenge. | 2010 | 20426878 |
| detection of tmrna molecules on microarrays at low temperatures using helper oligonucleotides. | the hybridization of synthetic streptococcus pneumoniae tmrna on a detection microarray is slow at 34 degrees c resulting in low signal intensities. | 2010 | 20426847 |
| ceacam1 recognition by bacterial pathogens is species-specific. | carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (ceacam1), an immunoglobulin (ig)-related glycoprotein, serves as cellular receptor for a variety of gram-negative bacterial pathogens associated with the human mucosa. in particular, neisseria gonorrhoeae, n. meningitidis, moraxella catarrhalis, and haemophilus influenzae possess well-characterized ceacam1-binding adhesins. ceacam1 is typically involved in cell-cell attachment, epithelial differentiation, neovascularisation and regulatio ... | 2010 | 20406467 |
| functional characterization of lcpa, a surface-exposed protein of leptospira spp. that binds the human complement regulator c4bp. | we have previously shown that pathogenic leptospiral strains are able to bind c4b binding protein (c4bp). surface-bound c4bp retains its cofactor activity, indicating that acquisition of this complement regulator may contribute to leptospiral serum resistance. in the present study, the abilities of seven recombinant putative leptospiral outer membrane proteins to interact with c4bp were evaluated. the protein encoded by lic11947 interacted with this human complement regulator in a dose-dependent ... | 2010 | 20404075 |
| re: the new macrolide antibiotics: use them carefully. | 1998 | 20401263 | |
| antibiotic management of acute otitis media. | 1998 | 20401260 | |
| the diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis. | the syndrome of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) consists of chronic bronchitis (cb), bronchiectasis, emphysema, and reversible airway disease that combine uniquely in an individual patient. older patients are at risk for copd and its components--emphysema, cb, and bronchiectasis. bacterial and viral infections play a role in acute exacerbations of copd (aecopd) and in acute exacerbations of cb (aecb) without features of copd. older patients are at risk for resistant bacterial organi ... | 2010 | 20398122 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of moraxella catarrhalis isolated from children in kalgoorlie-boulder, western australia. | to investigate antimicrobial susceptibility of moraxella catarrhalis isolated from a cohort of children being followed in a study of the natural history of otitis media in a semi-arid region of western australia. | 2010 | 20350222 |