Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| biogas from sugar beet press pulp as substitute of fossil fuel in sugar beet factories. | sugar beet press pulp (sbp) accumulates as a by-product in sugar factories and it is generally silaged or dried to be used as animal food. rising energy prices and the opening of the european union sugar market has put pressure on the manufacturers to find alternatives for energy supply. the aim of this project was to develop a technology in the treatment of sbp that would lead to savings in energy consumption and would provide a more competitive sugar production from sugar beets. these goals we ... | 2008 | 18957765 |
| construction and characterization of a sugar beet (beta vulgaris) fosmid library. | a sugar beet (beta vulgaris) fosmid library from the doubled haploid accession kws2320 encompassing 115 200 independent clones was constructed and characterized. the average insert size of the fosmid library was determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis to be 39 kbp on average, thus representing 5.9-fold coverage of the sugar beet genome (758 mbp). pcr screening of plate pools with primer pairs against nine sugar beet genes supported the insert size estimation. blast searches with 2951 fosm ... | 2008 | 18956027 |
| soil acidity determines the effectiveness of an organic amendment and a native bacterium for increasing soil stabilisation in semiarid mine tailings. | unstable mine tailings are vulnerable to water and air erosion, so it is important to promote their surface stabilisation in order to avoid the spread of heavy metals. in a greenhouse experiment, we assessed the effect of the addition of aspergillus niger-treated sugar beet waste and inoculation with a native bacterium, bacillus cereus, on the stabilisation of soil aggregates of two acidic, semiarid mine tailings, with different acidity degree, during watering and drying periods. organic amendme ... | 2009 | 18954889 |
| characterization of beet yellows closterovirus-specific rnas in infected plants and protoplasts. | abstract tetragonia expansa plants infected with a california isolate of beet yellows virus (byv-60) contained multiple byv-specific rnas identified by northern blot hybridization. these rnas were identified by cdna probes specific to six open reading frames (orfs). one genomic rna and five subgenomic (sg) rnas representing the p65/p6.4, p64, p24, p22, and p21 orfs were identified. a probe derived from the 3'-terminal orf (p21) hybridized to each of the sgrnas, indicating the rnas are 3' cotermi ... | 1997 | 18945179 |
| monoclonal antibodies detect a single amino acid difference between the coat proteins of soilborne wheat mosaic virus isolates: implications for virus structure. | abstract four monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were prepared against an isolate of soilborne wheat mosaic furovirus from oklahoma (sbwmv okl-7). three mabs had different reactivities in tests on sbwmv isolates from nebraska (lab1), france, and japan. one mab (scr 133) also reacted with oat golden stripe furovirus. none of the mabs cross-reacted with other rod-shaped viruses including beet necrotic yellow vein furovirus, potato mop-top furovirus, and tobacco rattle tobravirus. sequence analysis of nu ... | 1997 | 18945172 |
| characteristics of beet yellows closterovirus transmission to sugar beets by aphis fabae. | abstract laboratory studies were conducted on the characteristics of beet yellows closterovirus (byv) transmission to sugar beets by the bean aphid, aphis fabae. the relative transmission efficiency and the retention, acquisition, and inoculation thresholds were evaluated using clonal aphid colonies. transmission efficiency was studied between different apterous aphid species (a. fabae and myzus persicae ), between alate and apterous morphs of a. fabae and m. persicae, and among five clonal aphi ... | 1997 | 18945100 |
| genotypic diversity of beet curly top virus populations in the western united states. | abstract the genotypic diversity of beet curly top virus (bctv) present in the western united states has been examined by the analysis of 58 field isolates and eight laboratory or nursery isolates of the virus. full-length clones for each isolate have been characterized for genotype by restriction endonuclease mapping. the results indicate that most of the genotypes examined may be classified as variants of the cfh, worland, or cal/logan strains of bctv. two genotypes were recovered that appear ... | 1997 | 18945096 |
| a small rna resembling the beet western yellows luteovirus st9-associated rna is a component of the california carrot motley dwarf complex. | abstract virions were purified from anthriscus cerefolium or coriandrum sativum plants infected with the viruses that cause california carrot motley dwarf. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of virion preparations yielded a single prominent protein species of approximately 28,000 molecular weight; however, denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis showed that virions contained three prominent single-stranded rnas of approximately 5.6, 4.2, and 2.8 kb. northern hybridization a ... | 1998 | 18944986 |
| replication specificity elements of the worland strain of beet curly top virus are compatible with those of the cfh strain but not those of the cal/logan strain. | abstract cloned genomes of the cfh, worland, and cal/logan strains of beet curly top virus (bctv) served as helper viruses to trans-replicate defective (d) dnas that are incapable of self-replication due to deletions within the c1 open reading frame encoding the replication initiator (rep) protein. the logan rep protein could trans-replicate a logan-derived d dna in a transient replication assay conducted in nicotiana benthamiana leaf disks. however, the logan rep protein was unable to trans-rep ... | 1998 | 18944850 |
| characterization of the beet yellow stunt virus coat protein gene. | abstract the beet yellow stunt virus (bysv) genome contains at least nine open reading frames (orfs) that code for proteins ranging from 6 to 66 kda. based on amino acid sequence comparisons, the coat protein (cp) was previously identified as the product of orf7. we expressed the product of orf7 in bacteria and confirmed that orf7 codes for the bysv cp by immunoblotting. bysv is a phloem-limited virus, and virus cp antigen of a quality sufficient for diagnostic antisera production has not been a ... | 1998 | 18944815 |
| assessment of host-induced selection on three geographic isolates of heterodera schachtii using rapd and aflp markers. | abstract the hypothesis that host plants exert selection pressure on heterodera schachtii populations was tested. host selection of genotypes from three genetically distinct isolates of h. schachtii was assessed using cabbage, sugar beet, oilseed radish (raphanus sativus), and white mustard (sinapis alba). the plants represent a range of susceptibility to h. schachtii and included r. sativus and s. alba, because cultivars of those species have been used as trap crops for h. schachtii in europe. ... | 1999 | 18944806 |
| biological suppression and natural population decline of heterodera schachtii in a california field. | abstract soil suppressiveness to heterodera schachtii was demonstrated in a field at the research station of the university of california, riverside. in two field trials planted to swiss chard (beta vulgaris), introduced h. schachtii multiplied 2.7 and 1.7 times more in preplant metam sodium-fumigated plots than in nontreated plots in 1994 and 1995, respectively. in greenhouse experiments, preplant treatments with metam sodium, methyl bromide, methyl iodide, formaldehyde, and aerated steam reduc ... | 1999 | 18944757 |
| geographic distribution and molecular variation of isolates of three whitefly-borne closteroviruses of cucurbits: lettuce infectious yellows virus, cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus, and beet pseudo-yellows virus. | abstract the geographic incidence and molecular variation of three whitefly-borne closteroviruses (lettuce infectious yellows virus [liyv], cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus [cysdv], and beet pseudo-yellows virus [bpyv]) were studied in cucurbits collected from several distinct geographic locations. of 498 samples analyzed, none were found to be infected by liyv. sixty-nine samples collected in the middle east and mediterranean europe were found infected by cysdv, and twelve samples from c ... | 1999 | 18944685 |
| rna 3 deletion mutants of beet necrotic yellow vein virus do not cause rhizomania disease in sugar beets. | abstract two mutant strains of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) containing deletions in rna 3 were obtained by single lesion transfers in tetragonia expansa. the deleted regions encode either 94 or 121 amino acids toward the c-terminal part of the 25-kda protein (p25). wild-type and mutant virus strains were inoculated by polymyxa betae to sugar beet seedlings of susceptible and partially resistant cultivars. no differences were found in virus content in rootlets between mutant and wild-t ... | 1999 | 18944654 |
| spiroplasma citri movement into the intestines and salivary glands of its leafhopper vector, circulifer tenellus. | abstract spiroplasma citri, a helical, wall-less prokaryote in the class molli-cutes, is transmitted by the beet leafhopper, circulifer tenellus. invasion of leafhopper tissues and cytopathological effects by s. citri were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. all eight cell types of the principle salivary glands, as well as the adjacent muscle cells and the cells of the accessory salivary glands, were colonized by the spiroplas-mas. in both midgut epithelia and salivary gland cells, ... | 1999 | 18944638 |
| transfer of biological soil suppressiveness against heterodera schachtii. | abstract heterodera schachtii-suppressive soil at a rate of either 1 or 10% (dry wt/wt) transferred suppressiveness against the beet cyst nematode to fumigated field plots when mixed into the upper 10-cm soil layer. soil suppressiveness was established after 1 month of moist fallow and 77 days of swiss chard cropping in the 10% transfer treatment and after 230 days in the 1% transfer treatment. the number of infective second-stage juveniles (j2) of h. schachtii, monitored initially at 150 degree ... | 2000 | 18944591 |
| biological, serological, and molecular variability suggest three distinct polerovirus species infecting beet or rape. | yellowing diseases of sugar beet can be caused by a range of strains classified as beet mild yellowing virus (bmyv) or beet western yellows virus (bwyv), both belonging to the genus polerovirus of the family luteoviridae. host range, genomic, and serological studies have shown that isolates of these viruses can be grouped into three distinct species. within these species, the coat protein amino acid sequences are highly conserved (more than 90% homology), whereas the p0 sequences (open reading f ... | 2000 | 18944550 |
| the relationship of host range, physiology, and genotype to virulence on cantaloupe in pseudomonas syringae from cantaloupe blight epidemics in france. | abstract in 1993, a bacterial blight caused important losses of cantaloupe (cucumis melo var. cantalupensis) in southwestern france and has now been reported in all cantaloupe-growing regions of france. the causal agent of this blight is pseudomonas syringae, although on a worldwide basis this bacterium has not been a major pathogen of melon for over 50 years. to identify the pathovar of the cantaloupe pathogen, we employed biochemical tests, plasmid and chromosomal profiling, and host range stu ... | 2000 | 18944544 |
| induced systemic resistance and promotion of plant growth by bacillus spp. | abstract elicitation of induced systemic resistance (isr) by plant-associated bacteria was initially demonstrated using pseudomonas spp. and other gram-negative bacteria. several reviews have summarized various aspects of the large volume of literature on pseudomonas spp. as elicitors of isr. fewer published accounts of isr by bacillus spp. are available, and we review this literature for the first time. published results are summarized showing that specific strains of the species b. amyloliquef ... | 2004 | 18944464 |
| distinct species exist within the cercospora apii morphotype. | abstract the genus cercospora is one of the largest genera of hyphomycetes. cercospora apii sensu lato is the oldest name for a large complex of morphologically indistinguishable cercospora spp. occurring on a wide host range. there are currently 659 recognized cercospora spp., and names of another 281 morphologically identical species are included in the synonymy of c. apii sensu lato. two of the species that belong to the c. apii complex, c. apii and c. beticola, cause cercospora leaf spot on ... | 2005 | 18944418 |
| distribution and rate of movement of the curtovirus beet mild curly top virus (family geminiviridae) in the beet leafhopper. | abstract a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based method for the detection of the curtovirus beet mild curly top virus (bmctv, previously named the worland strain of beet curly top virus) was developed and used to investigate the bmctv-beet leafhopper interaction. using pcr and a bmctv-specific primer pair, an approximately 1.1-kb bmctv dna fragment was amplified from adult leafhoppers and from the organs involved in circulative transmission: the digestive tract, hemolymph, and salivary glands. t ... | 2003 | 18944363 |
| induction of defense reactions in sugar beet and wheat by treatment with cell wall protein fractions from the mycoparasite pythium oligandrum. | abstract to detect molecules with elicitor properties from pythium oligandrum, cell wall protein fractions (cwps) were extracted from 10 p. oligandrum isolates and examined for elicitor activity in sugar beet and wheat. p. oligandrum isolates were divided into two groups based on the number of major proteins in cwp: isolates with two major proteins (d-type) and isolates with one major protein (s-type). sugar beet seedlings treated with both types of cwp through their roots showed enhanced activi ... | 2003 | 18944321 |
| chickpea chlorotic stunt virus: a new polerovirus infecting cool-season food legumes in ethiopia. | abstract serological analysis of diseased chickpea and faba bean plantings with yellowing and stunting symptoms suggested the occurrence of an unknown or uncommon member of the family luteoviridae in ethiopia. degenerate primers were used for reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction amplification of the viral coat protein (cp) coding region from both chickpea and faba bean samples. cloning and sequencing of the amplicons yielded nearly identical (96%) nucleotide sequences of a previously ... | 2006 | 18944302 |
| differentiation of three homogeneous groups of rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 4 by analysis of fatty acids. | abstract profiles of fatty acids from 70 isolates of rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group (ag)-4 clustered into three groups, corresponding to homogeneous group (hg)-i, hg-ii, and a newly described hg-iii. isolates from georgia peanuts exhibiting limb rot were characterized as gas chromatography (gc) subgroup 1 (gc-1) and contained hg-i isolates. isolates from diseased soybean hypocotyls grown in north dakota and sugar beet seedlings, taproots, and tare soil in minnesota and north dakota were ch ... | 2001 | 18944227 |
| suppression of the plant-parasitic nematode heterodera schachtii by the fungus dactylella oviparasitica. | this study examined the role of the fungi dactylella oviparasitica and fusarium oxysporum in the beet-cyst nematode (heterodera schachtii) suppressiveness exhibited by a southern californian soil. in prior research, the abundance of d. oviparasitica rrna genes positively correlated with high levels of suppressiveness, whereas the abundance of f. oxysporum rrna genes positively correlated with minimal to moderate levels of suppressiveness. in this report, both fungi were added to fumigation-induc ... | 2006 | 18944211 |
| influence of soil temperature and matric potential on sugar beet seedling colonization and suppression of pythium damping-off by the antagonistic bacteria pseudomonas fluorescens and bacillus subtilis. | abstract pseudomonas fluorescens b5 and bacillus subtilis mbi 600 colonized sugar beet seedlings at matric potentials of -7 x 10(3), -140 x 10(3), and -330 x 10(3) pa and under five temperature regimes ranging from 7 to 35 degrees c, with diurnal fluctuations of 5 to 22 degrees c. no interaction between matric potential and temperature was observed. in situ bioluminescence indicated physiological activity of pseudomonas fluorescens b5. colonization of the root at >/=4 cm below the seed decreased ... | 2004 | 18944111 |
| generation and molecular mapping of a sequence characterized amplified region marker linked with the bct gene for resistance to beet curly top virus in common bean. | abstract a random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) marker directly linked (0.0 cm) with a resistance gene was identified in a snap bean recombinant inbred population (moncayo x primo) consisting of 94 f(5:7) recombinant inbred lines that had uniform segregation for disease reaction to beet curly top virus (bctv) across three field locations. resistance was conditioned by a single dominant allele tentatively designated bct. seven hundred and fifty decamer primers were screened to obtain the linke ... | 2004 | 18944106 |
| real-time pcr quantification and mycotoxin production of fusarium graminearum in wheat inoculated with isolates collected from potato, sugar beet, and wheat. | abstract fusarium graminearum causes fusarium head blight (fhb) in small grains worldwide. although primarily a pathogen of cereals, it also can infect noncereal crops such as potato and sugar beet in the united states. we used a real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method based on intergenic sequences specific to the trichodiene synthase gene (tri5) from f. graminearum. taqman probe and primers were designed and used to estimate dna content of the pathogen (fgdna) in the susceptible wheat ... | 2007 | 18943932 |
| spinach curly top virus: a newly described curtovirus species from southwest texas with incongruent gene phylogenies. | abstract a curtovirus associated with a disease of spinach was isolated in southwest texas during 1996. disease symptoms included severe stunting and chlorosis, with younger leaves curled, distorted, and dwarfed. viral dna was purified and an infectious clone obtained. agroinoculation using a construct bearing full-length tandem repeats of the cloned viral genome resulted in systemic infection of species in six of seven plant families tested, indicating that the virus has a wide host range. symp ... | 2004 | 18943911 |
| mutagenesis of beta-1,3-glucanase genes in lysobacter enzymogenes strain c3 results in reduced biological control activity toward bipolaris leaf spot of tall fescue and pythium damping-off of sugar beet. | abstract lysobacter enzymogenes produces extracellular lytic enzymes capable of degrading the cell walls of fungi and oomycetes. many of these enzymes, including beta-1,3-glucanases, are thought to contribute to the biological control activity expressed by several strains of the species. l. enzymogenes strain c3 produces multiple extracellular beta-1,3-glucanases encoded by the glua, glub, and gluc genes. analysis of the genes indicates they are homologous to previously characterized genes in th ... | 2005 | 18943787 |
| induction of beet-cyst nematode suppressiveness by the fungi dactylella oviparasitica and fusarium oxysporum in field microplots. | abstract the ability of dactylella oviparasitica and fusarium oxysporum to suppress heterodera schachtii numbers was examined in field microplots. fungi were individually added to fumigated field soil that was seeded with sugar beet. four weeks later, soils were infested with h. schachtii second-stage juveniles (j2). at two harvests, 11 weeks and 19 weeks (1,469 and 2,547 degree days (base 8 degrees c), respectively) after nematode-infestation, h. schachtii cyst and egg numbers were assessed. at ... | 2006 | 18943750 |
| genetic relationships among populations of gibberella zeae from barley, wheat, potato, and sugar beet in the upper midwest of the united states. | gibberella zeae, a causal agent of fusarium head blight (fhb) in wheat and barley, is one of the most economically harmful pathogens of cereals in the united states. in recent years, the known host range of g. zeae has also expanded to noncereal crops. however, there is a lack of information on the population genetic structure of g. zeae associated with noncereal crops and across wheat cultivars. to test the hypothesis that g. zeae populations sampled from barley, wheat, potato, and sugar beet i ... | 2008 | 18943734 |
| epidemiology of cercospora leaf spot on sugar beet: modeling disease dynamics within and between individual plants. | abstract disease dynamics of cercospora leaf spot (cls) of sugar beet was analyzed at two hierarchical scales: as vertical profiles within individual plants and in relation to disease on neighboring plants. the relative contribution of different leaf layers to increase in cls was analyzed using a simple continuous-time model. the model was fitted to data from two field trials in the netherlands: one in an area with a long history of cls, the other in an area where cls has only recently establish ... | 2007 | 18943715 |
| characterization of a u.s. isolate of beet black scorch virus. | abstract the first reported u.s. isolate of beet black scorch necrovirus (bbsv) was obtained and characterized. host range of the virus for localized and occasionally systemic infection included the chenopodiaceae and tetragonia expansa; nicotiana benthamiana supported symptomless systemic infection by the virus. the complete nucleotide sequence of the genomic rna of the virus, designated bbsv-co, exhibits 93% similarity to the genome of the 'ningxia' isolate of bbsv from china. amino acid seque ... | 2007 | 18943682 |
| induction of soil suppressiveness against rhizoctonia solani by incorporation of dried plant residues into soil. | abstract suppressive effects of soil amendment with residues of 12 cultivars of brassica rapa on damping-off of sugar beet were evaluated in soils infested with rhizoctonia solani. residues of clover and peanut were tested as noncruciferous controls. the incidence of damping-off was significantly and consistently suppressed in the soils amended with residues of clover, peanut, and b. rapa subsp. rapifera 'saori', but only the volatile substance produced from water-imbibed residue of cv. saori ex ... | 2006 | 18943670 |
| mutations associated with resistance-breaking isolates of beet necrotic yellow vein virus and their allelic discrimination using taqman technology. | abstract genetic resistance in sugar beet (beta vulgaris) to beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv), which causes the disease rhizomania, is conferred by the single dominant gene rz1. however, since 2002, rz1 cultivars grown in the imperial valley of california have been increasingly damaged by a new strain of bnyvv. viral rna 3 was extracted from asymptomatic and symptomatic sugar beets and, after amplification and sequencing of a region including the p25 cistron, two polymorphic sites, a67v a ... | 2007 | 18943652 |
| a model for the invasion and spread of rhizomania in the united kingdom: implications for disease control strategies. | abstract rhizomania disease of sugar beet represents a major economic threat to the sugar industry in the united kingdom. here we use the uk rhizomania epidemic as an exemplar of a range of highly infectious spatially heterogeneous diseases. using a spatially explicit stochastic model, we investigated the efficacy of a spectrum of possible control strategies, both locally reactive and national in character. these include the use of novel cultivars of beet with different responses to infection, c ... | 2004 | 18943545 |
| curly top survey in the western united states. | curly top in sugar beet continues to be a challenging disease to control in the western united states. to aid in development of host resistance and management options, the curtovirus species composition was investigated by sampling 246 commercial fields along with nursery and field trials in the western united states. dna was isolated from leaf samples and the species were identified using species-specific polymerase chain reaction primers for the c1 gene. amplicons from 79 isolates were also se ... | 2008 | 18943410 |
| nonhost versus host resistance to the grapevine downy mildew, plasmopara viticola, studied at the tissue level. | following inoculation of host and nonhost plants with plasmopara viticola, the grapevine downy mildew, a histological survey was undertaken to identify the stage where its development is contained in nonhosts and in resistant host plants. three herbaceous nonhost species, beta vulgaris, lactuca sativa, and capsicum annuum, and three grapevine species displaying different level of resistance (vitis vinifera [susceptible], vitis riparia [partially resistant] and muscadinia rotundifolia [totally re ... | 2008 | 18943253 |
| factors affecting the onset of cercospora leaf spot epidemics in sugar beet and establishment of disease-monitoring thresholds. | abstract severe cercospora leaf spots epidemics in sugar beet during the late 1980s and early 1990s in southern germany prompted us to initiate investigations on the epidemiology of the causal agent, cercospora beticola. the data set involved 69 field trials (1993 to 2003) focusing on factors affecting the epidemic onset of this disease. observations were made at weekly intervals, recording the calendar week when canopy closure occurred (growth stage according to bbch scale = 39) and symptom dev ... | 2005 | 18943120 |
| remote detection of rhizomania in sugar beets. | abstract as a prelude to remote sensing of rhizomania, hyper-spectral leaf reflectance and multi-spectral canopy reflectance were used to study the physiological differences between healthy sugar beets and beets infested with beet necrotic yellow vein virus. this study was conducted over time in the presence of declining nitrogen levels. total leaf nitrogen was significantly lower in symptomatic beets than in healthy beets. chlorophyll and carotenoid levels were reduced in symptomatic beets. veg ... | 2003 | 18943059 |
| effect of water, soil temperatures, and exposure times on the survival of the sugar beet cyst nematode, heterodera schachtii. | abstract the effect of different combinations of temperatures and exposure times on the mortality of heterodera schachtii eggs was assessed in two different experiments under laboratory conditions. in the first experiment, cysts in water were exposed to 25, 35, 37.5, 40, 42.5, 45, 47.5, 50, or 52.5 degrees c for a maximum period of 2 h. in the second experiment, cysts in naturally infested soil were exposed to 25, 32.5, 35, 37.5, 40, 42.5, or 45 degrees c for a minimum period of 2 h to a maximum ... | 2005 | 18943034 |
| involvement of beet western yellows virus, cauliflower mosaic virus, and turnip mosaic virus in internal disorders of stored white cabbage. | abstract experiments over two growing seasons clearly showed that turnip mosaic virus (tumv) infection was associated with internal necrosis (sunken necrotic spots 5 to 10 mm in diameter) and beet western yellows virus (bwyv) infection was associated with collapse of leaf tissue at the margins (tipburn) in heads of stored white cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata). virtually no tipburn was seen in cv. polinius, whereas cv. impala was affected severely. internal necrotic spots were seen in b ... | 2002 | 18942959 |
| association with the syndrome "basses richesses" of sugar beet of a phytoplasma and a bacterium-like organism transmitted by a pentastiridius sp. | abstract the syndrome "basses richesses" of sugar beet (sbr) was first observed in 1991 in burgundy, france. a cixiid planthopper, pentastiridius beieri, has been proved to be involved in the transmission to sugar beet of a stolbur phytoplasma, which could be detected in some affected plants. in 2000, periwinkle and sugar beet exposed to field-collected cixiids developed symptoms similar to sbr on sugar beet. use of 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (dapi) staining and transmission electron microsco ... | 2002 | 18942951 |
| characterization of a gamma-3 proteobacteria responsible for the syndrome "basses richesses" of sugar beet transmitted by pentastiridius sp. (hemiptera, cixiidae). | abstract the disease syndrome "basses richesses" (sbr) has affected sugar beet crops in burgundy (france) since 1991. it mainly is associated with an uncultivable phloem-restricted bacterium-like organism (blo) called sbr blo. transmission tests showed that field-collected pentastiridius sp. (hemiptera, cixiidae) were able to transmit the sbr blo to sugar beet. in the present work, sequences of a 1,507-bp 16s ribosomal (r)dna fragment of sbr blo were amplified from dna extracts of sbr-affected f ... | 2007 | 18942939 |
| did rna editing in plant organellar genomes originate under natural selection or through genetic drift? | the c<-->u substitution types of rna editing have been observed frequently in organellar genomes of land plants. although various attempts have been made to explain why such a seemingly inefficient genetic mechanism would have evolved, no satisfactory explanation exists in our view. in this study, we examined editing patterns in chloroplast genomes of the hornwort anthoceros formosae and the fern adiantum capillus-veneris and in mitochondrial genomes of the angiosperms arabidopsis thaliana, beta ... | 2008 | 18939975 |
| slip, trip and fall injuries in potato, sugar beet and open field vegetable production in finland. | stf injuries are common in agriculture. the purposes of this study were to assess the magnitude of stf injuries, to identify contributing factors and to propose preventive actions to reduce injuries in potato, sugar beet and open field vegetable production in finland. the material consisted of 1648 injury claim records and 22 interviews. the analysis showed 45% (n = 740) of the non-fatal injuries were stfs or jumps. phrase analysis of injury descriptions provided further insight into the charact ... | 2008 | 18937092 |
| a mitochondrial gene involved in cytochrome c maturation (ccmc) is expressed as a precursor with a long nh2-terminal extension in sugar beet. | extensive genome rearrangement is one of the major mechanisms of angiosperm mitochondrial evolution. as a by-product, some angiosperm mitochondrial genes exhibit divergent organization, but not all of these genes have been fully characterized. sugar beet ccmc, which plays an important role in cytochrome c maturation, harbors a unique extended nh(2) terminal region of 277 amino acid residues (n-extension) instead of a conserved translational initiation codon. the 5' termini of two major rna speci ... | 2009 | 18929428 |
| [carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism of sugar beet]. | 2013 | 18915676 | |
| home production of wheat, potatoes and sugar-beet. | 1947 | 18907932 | |
| thermal degradation of dehydrated beets; chromatographic separation of red beet-root pigments. | 2016 | 18902487 | |
| wireworms and the sugar-beet crop; field trials and observations. | 1947 | 18901083 | |
| localization of polyphenoloxidase in the chloroplasts of beta vulgaris. | 1948 | 18878921 | |
| artificial enrichment of beet root tissue with glutamine. | 1948 | 18869324 | |
| the beet armyworm on flax. | 1947 | 18858127 | |
| two glucuronoyl esterases of phanerochaete chrysosporium. | the white-rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium produces glucuronoyl esterase, a recently discovered carbohydrate esterase, during growth on sugar beet pulp. two putative genes encoding this enzyme, ge1 and ge2, were isolated and cloned. heterologous expression in aspergillus vadensis, pycnoporus cinnabarinus and schizophyllum commune resulted in extracellular glucuronoyl esterase activity, demonstrating that these genes encode this enzymatic function. the amino acid sequence of ge1 was used to ... | 2009 | 18854978 |
| [polymorphism of pcr profiles and expression of alleles at the locus adh1 in agamospermous progeny of beet root beta vulgaris l]. | a modification of the issr amplification method based on using a combination of microsatellite and specific unique primer is proposed and tested. this modification simplifies the detected pcr profiles and allows the examination of dna regions containing definite genes. combinations of microsatellite primer mic2 (5'-gacag-acaga-cagac-a-3') and one of the primers specific to the adh1 locus, which controls alcohol dehydrogenase (adh1) in sugar beet, were employed in this work. the microsatellite pr ... | 2008 | 18846823 |
| interactions of bacillus spp. and plants--with special reference to induced systemic resistance (isr). | biological control of soil-borne pathogens comprises the decrease of inoculum or of the disease producing activity of a pathogen through one or more mechanisms. interest in biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens has increased considerably in the last few decades, because it may provide control of diseases that cannot or only partly be managed by other control strategies. recent advances in microbial and molecular techniques have significantly contributed to new insights in underlying m ... | 2009 | 18845426 |
| management practices associated with udder health of first-parity dairy cows in early lactation. | this study aimed at investigating associations between management routines including feeding, housing, and milking around calving, and udder health of first-parity cows in early lactation in swedish large, high producing, low bulk-milk somatic cell count (scc) dairy herds housed in free stalls. seventy-two dairy herds participated and data concerning 1189 first-parity cows calving during the study period (october 2005-january 2006) was collected. multivariable regression analysis were performed ... | 2009 | 18842308 |
| the relative merit of ruminal undegradable protein from soybean meal or soluble fiber from beet pulp to improve nitrogen utilization in dairy cows. | early lactating dairy cows were used to determine whether the replacement of solvent-extracted soybean meal [ssbm; a source of rumen-degradable protein (rdp)] with expeller soybean meal (esbm; a source of rumen-undegradable protein), or the replacement of high-moisture shelled corn (hmsc) with beet pulp (a source of soluble fiber) would be effective in improving efficiency of n usage for milk production. the study was designed as a replicated 4 x 4 latin square with 21-d periods. eight multiparo ... | 2008 | 18832219 |
| homeostatic control of slow vacuolar channels by luminal cations and evaluation of the channel-mediated tonoplast ca2+ fluxes in situ. | ca(2+), mg(2+), and k(+) activities in red beet (beta vulgaris l.) vacuoles were evaluated using conventional ion-selective microelectrodes and, in the case of ca(2+), by non-invasive ion flux measurements (mife) as well. the mean vacuolar ca(2+) activity was approximately 0.2 mm. modulation of the slow vacuolar (sv) channel voltage dependence by ca(2+) in the absence and presence of other cations at their physiological concentrations was studied by patch-clamp in excised tonoplast patches. lowe ... | 2008 | 18832189 |
| virus infection improves drought tolerance. | viruses are obligate intracellular symbionts. plant viruses are often discovered and studied as pathogenic parasites that cause diseases in agricultural plants. however, here it is shown that viruses can extend survival of their hosts under conditions of abiotic stress that could benefit hosts if they subsequently recover and reproduce. various plant species were inoculated with four different rna viruses, brome mosaic virus (bmv), cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), tobacco mosaic virus and tobacco ra ... | 2008 | 18823313 |
| screening of sugar beet tissue culture clones for resistance to rhizomania disease. | in this study, sugar beet tissue culture clones were used to screen rhizomania resistant genotypes. at first, explants derived from shoot tips of sugar beet seedlings were transferred to shoot tip elongation media after surface sterilization. then, the grown shoots were transferred to media containing various hormonal combinations naa, ba, iba and ga3 for multiplication, growth and rooting. later, the clones were transferred to soil-peatmoss mixture were adapted to greenhouse conditions. for scr ... | 2008 | 18819650 |
| growth and some physiological parameters of four sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) cultivars as affected by salinity. | the comparative responses of certain biochemical and physiological characteristics to salinity were studied in 4 cultivars of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) plants. eight weeks old plants were treated with nacl at 0, 25 and 50 mm in nutrient solutions. plants were grown under controlled environment and harvested after 3 weeks for measurements of biochemical and physiological parameters. results showed that in 25 mm nacl for cultivars of et5 and c3-3, soluble sugars in leaves, photosynthetic rate ... | 2008 | 18817275 |
| effects of steckling weight and planting density on sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) monogerm seed yield and qualitative traits. | in order to determine the effects of steckling weight and planting density on sugar beet monogerm (cv. 9597) seed quantitative and qualitative characteristics, this experiment was carried out in ardabil agricultural research station-iran (38 degrees 30'n and 48 degrees 30'e) during 2 years (2002-2003). in the study, steckling weight (main-plot) in three levels including 100, 100-200 and 200-300 g and planting density (sub-plot) in three levels including 40, 50 and 60 cm were used in a split-plot ... | 2008 | 18817194 |
| in vitro effects of beetroot juice and chips on oxidative metabolism and apoptosis in neutrophils from obese individuals. | oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the development of obesity. beetroot (beta vulgaris var. rubra) is a food ingredient containing betalain pigments that show antioxidant activity. the in vitro effect of beetroot juice and chips on oxidative metabolism and apoptosis in neutrophils from obese individuals has been investigated. fifteen obese women (aged 45 +/- 9 years, bmi >30 kg/m2) and nine healthy controls (women, aged 29 +/- 11 years, bmi = 22.2 +/- 1.6 kg/m2) were examined. the ... | 2009 | 18814207 |
| quantitative trait locus responsible for resistance to aphanomyces root rot (black root) caused by aphanomyces cochlioides drechs. in sugar beet. | aphanomyces root rot, caused by aphanomyces cochlioides drechs., is one of the most serious diseases of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). identification and characterization of resistance genes is a major task in sugar beet breeding. to ensure the effectiveness of marker-assisted screening for aphanomyces root rot resistance, genetic analysis of mature plants' phenotypic and molecular markers' segregation was carried out. at a highly infested field site, some 187 f(2) and 66 f(3) individuals, deriv ... | 2009 | 18813904 |
| select corn coproducts from the ethanol industry and their potential as ingredients in pet foods. | the objectives of this study were to determine the chemical composition and nutritive value of corn protein product 1 (cpp 1), corn protein product 2 (cpp 2), and corn fiber (cf), novel coproducts of the ethanol industry, and compare these feed ingredients with standard plant protein ingredients [soybean meal (sbm), distillers dried grains with solubles (ddgs), corn gluten meal (cglm), and corn germ meal (cgem)], and to compare cf sources (cf control 1 and control 2) with standard fiber sources ... | 2009 | 18791159 |
| influence of source and concentrations of dietary fiber on in vivo nitrogen excretion pathways in pigs as reflected by in vitro fermentation and nitrogen incorporation by fecal bacteria. | the inclusion of dietary fiber (df) in diets has been suggested as a way to reduce nh(3) emission in pig barns because it contributes to a shift in n excretion from urine to feces owing to enhanced bacterial growth in the intestines. this study compared an in vitro method to measure bacterial protein synthesis during fermentation with an in vivo n excretion shift induced by diets differing in df concentrations and solubility. the first experiment measured the effect of graded concentrations of s ... | 2009 | 18791157 |
| rumen distension and contraction influence feed preference by sheep. | distension of the rumen limits feed intake by livestock. ruminal dysfunctions due to bloat, which causes distension by accumulation of excessive gas within the rumen, also reduce feeding. we hypothesized that excessive levels of rumen distension cause feed aversions and that preference increases for feeds eaten in association with recovery from bloat. to test these hypotheses, we determined whether 12 commercial crossbred lambs (average initial bw of 43 +/- 2 kg) could associate ingestion of spe ... | 2009 | 18791142 |
| comparative mycotoxin profiles of gibberella zeae populations from barley, wheat, potatoes, and sugar beets. | gibberella zeae is one of the most devastating pathogens of barley and wheat in the united states. the fungus also infects noncereal crops, such as potatoes and sugar beets, and the genetic relationships among barley, wheat, potato, and sugar beet isolates indicate high levels of similarity. however, little is known about the toxigenic potential of g. zeae isolates from potatoes and sugar beets. a total of 336 isolates of g. zeae from barley, wheat, potatoes, and sugar beets were collected and a ... | 2008 | 18791024 |
| extraction of green labeled pectins and pectic oligosaccharides from plant byproducts. | green labeled pectins were extracted by an environmentally friendly way using proteases and cellulases being able to act on proteins and cellulose present in cell walls. pectins were isolated from different plant byproducts, i.e., chicory roots, citrus peel, cauliflower florets and leaves, endive, and sugar beet pulps. enzymatic extraction was performed at 50 degrees c for 4 h, in order to fulfill the conditions required for microbiological safety of extracted products. high methoxy (hm) pectins ... | 2008 | 18788816 |
| a conserved mechanism for nitrile metabolism in bacteria and plants. | pseudomonas fluorescens sbw25 is a plant growth-promoting bacterium that efficiently colonizes the leaf surfaces and rhizosphere of a range of plants. previous studies have identified a putative plant-induced nitrilase gene (pina) in p. fluorescens sbw25 that is expressed in the rhizosphere of sugar beet plants. nitrilase enzymes have been characterised in plants, bacteria and fungi and are thought to be important in detoxification of nitriles, utilisation of nitrogen and synthesis of plant horm ... | 2009 | 18786181 |
| generation of plants resistant to tomato yellow leaf curl virus by using artificial zinc-finger proteins. | previously, we designed an artificial zinc-finger protein (azp) for blocking a replication protein (rep) of beet severe curly top virus (bsctv) from binding to its replication origin and demonstrated that transgenic arabidopsis plants expressing the azp are completely resistant to the virus infection. here we applied the azp technology to tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) infective to an important agricultural crop, tomato. we designed and constructed an azp binding to the direct repeat to b ... | 2008 | 18776317 |
| haplotype divergence in beta vulgaris and microsynteny with sequenced plant genomes. | we characterized two overlapping sugar beet (beta vulgaris) bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clones representing different haplotypes. a total of 254 kbp of the genomic sequence was determined, of which the two bacs share 92 kbp. eleven of 15 genes discovered in the sequenced interval locate to the overlap region. the haplotypes differ in exons by 1% (nucleotide level) and in non-coding regions by 9% (6% mismatches, 3% gaps; alignable regions only). large indels or high sequence divergence ... | 2009 | 18764921 |
| biochemical characterization of a novel dual-function arabinofuranosidase/xylosidase isolated from a compost starter mixture. | the gene encoding a glycoside hydrolase family 43 enzyme termed deax was isolated and subcloned from a culture seeded with a compost starter mixed bacterium population, expressed with a c-terminal his(6)-tag, and purified to apparent homogeneity. deax was monomeric in solution and had a broad ph maximum between ph 5.5 and ph 7. a twofold greater k (cat)/k (m) for the p-nitrophenyl derivative of alpha-l: -arabinofuranose versus that for the isomeric substrate beta-d-xylopyranose was due to an app ... | 2009 | 18762936 |
| two distinct arabinofuranosidases contribute to arabino-oligosaccharide degradation in bacillus subtilis. | bacillus subtilis produces alpha-l-arabinofuranosidases (ec 3.2.1.55; afs) capable of releasing arabinosyl oligomers and l-arabinose from plant cell walls. here, we show by insertion-deletion mutational analysis that genes abfa and xsa(asd), herein renamed abf2, encode afs responsible for the majority of the intracellular af activity in b. subtilis. both enzyme activities were shown to be cytosolic and functional studies indicated that arabino-oligomers are natural substrates for the afs. the pr ... | 2008 | 18757805 |
| genetic and physiological diversity of tetragenococcus halophilus strains isolated from sugar- and salt-rich environments. | tetragenococcus halophilus is known to flourish in extreme salt environments. recently, this halophilic bacterium also appeared as the dominant microflora during storage of sugar thick juice, an intermediate product of beet sugar production. although t. halophilus can cause degradation of thick juice, dominance of this bacterium does not always result in degradation. in this study t. halophilus strains from high-salt and high-sugar environments, and in particular from degraded and non-degraded t ... | 2008 | 18757794 |
| role of magnesium in carbon partitioning and alleviating photooxidative damage. | magnesium (mg) deficiency exerts a major influence on the partitioning of dry matter and carbohydrates between shoots and roots. one of the very early reactions of plants to mg deficiency stress is the marked increase in the shoot-to-root dry weight ratio, which is associated with a massive accumulation of carbohydrates in source leaves, especially of sucrose and starch. these higher concentrations of carbohydrates in mg-deficient leaves together with the accompanying increase in shoot-to-root d ... | 2008 | 18724409 |
| expression of sambucus nigra agglutinin (sna-i') from elderberry bark in transgenic tobacco plants results in enhanced resistance to different insect species. | tobacco plants (nicotiana tabacum cv samsun nn) have been transformed with the gene encoding the type-2 ribosome-inactivating protein (rip) sna-i' from elderberry (sambucus nigra) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter. previous research confirmed that these plants synthesize, correctly process and assemble a fully active rip. variability in protein expression was observed within the transgenic lines. the effects of the type-2 rip sna-i' delivered through a leaf feeding a ... | 2009 | 18720022 |
| association mapping in multiple segregating populations of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). | association mapping in multiple segregating populations (ammsp) combines high power to detect qtl in genome-wide approaches of linkage mapping with high mapping resolution of association mapping. the main objectives of this study were to (1) examine the applicability of ammsp in a plant breeding context based on segregating populations of various size of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.), (2) compare different biometric approaches for ammsp, and (3) detect markers with significant main effect across ... | 2008 | 18719879 |
| decolorization of synthetic melanoidins-containing wastewater by a bacterial consortium. | the presence of melanoidins in molasses wastewater leads to water pollution both due to its dark brown color and its cod contents. in this study, a bacterial consortium isolated from waterfall sediment was tested for its decolorization. the identification of culturable bacteria by 16s rdna based approach showed that the consortium composed of klebsiella oxytoca, serratia mercescens, citrobacter sp. and unknown bacterium. in the context of academic study, prevention on the difficulties of providi ... | 2008 | 18712559 |
| production of ethanol by filamentous and yeast-like forms of mucor indicus from fructose, glucose, sucrose, and molasses. | the fungus mucor indicus is found in this study able to consume glucose and fructose, but not sucrose in fermentation of sugarcane and sugar beet molasses. this might be an advantage in industries which want to selectively remove glucose and fructose for crystallisation of sucrose present in the molasses. on the other hand, the fungus assimilated sucrose after hydrolysis by the enzyme invertase. the fungus efficiently grew on glucose and fructose and produced ethanol in synthetic media or from m ... | 2008 | 18712551 |
| modification of gibberellin signalling (metabolism & signal transduction) in sugar beet: analysis of potential targets for crop improvement. | sugar beet, beta vulgaris spp. vulgaris is a biennial long day plant with an obligate requirement for vernalization (prolonged exposure to low temperature). as a spring crop in temperate european climates, it is vulnerable to vernalization-induced premature bolting and flowering, resulting in reduced crop yield and quality. gibberellins (gas) play important roles in key physiological processes including stem elongation (bolting) and flowering and are, therefore, potential targets for controlling ... | 2009 | 18696248 |
| floral and inflorescence morphology and ontogeny in beta vulgaris, with special emphasis on the ovary position. | in spite of recent phylogenetic analyses for the chenopodiaceae-amaranthaceae complex, some morphological characters are not unambiguously interpreted, which raises homology questions. therefore, ontogenetic investigations, emphasizing on 'bracteoles' in atripliceae and flowers in chenopodioideae, were conducted. this first paper presents original ontogenetic observations in beta vulgaris, which was chosen as a reference species for further comparative investigation because of its unclarified ph ... | 2008 | 18694878 |
| the identification of allergen proteins in sugar beet (beta vulgaris) pollen causing occupational allergy in greenhouses. | during production of sugar beet (beta vulgaris) seeds in greenhouses, workers frequently develop allergic symptoms. the aim of this study was to identify and characterize possible allergens in sugar beet pollen. | 2008 | 18694503 |
| diversity of a complex centromeric satellite and molecular characterization of dispersed sequence families in sugar beet (beta vulgaris). | the aim of this work was the identification and molecular characterization of novel sugar beet (beta vulgaris) repetitive sequences to unravel the impact of repetitive dna on size and evolution of beta genomes via amplification and diversification. | 2008 | 18682437 |
| epidemiological models for invasion and persistence of pathogens. | motivated by questions such as "why do some diseases take off, while others die out?" and "how can we optimize the deployment of control methods," we introduce simple epidemiological concepts for the invasion and persistence of plant pathogens. an overarching modeling framework is then presented that can be used to analyze disease invasion and persistence at a range of scales from the microscopic to the regional. criteria for invasion and persistence are introduced, initially for simple models o ... | 2008 | 18680429 |
| characterization of the surface-active components of sugar beet pectin and the hydrodynamic thickness of the adsorbed pectin layer. | the fraction of sugar beet pectin (sbp) adsorbed onto limonene oil droplets during emulsification has been isolated, and its chemical and physicochemical characteristics have been determined. while the sbp sample itself was found to contain 2.67 and 1.06% protein and ferulic acid, respectively, the adsorbed fraction contained 11.10% protein and 2.16% ferulic acid. the adsorbed fraction was also found to have a higher degree of acetylation, notably at the c2 position on the galacturonic acid resi ... | 2008 | 18680378 |
| absorption of carbohydrate-derived nutrients in sows as influenced by types and contents of dietary fiber. | the current investigation was undertaken to study the absorption and plasma concentration of carbohydrate-derived nutrients [glucose, short-chain fatty acids (scfa), and lactate] and the apparent insulin production in sows fed diets containing contrasting types and contents of dietary fiber. six sows were fed 3 experimental diets, low fiber (lf; 177 g of dietary fiber and 44 g of soluble fiber/kg of dm), high soluble fiber (hf-s; 429 g of dietary fiber and 111 g of soluble fiber/kg of dm), and h ... | 2009 | 18676728 |
| disruption of spodoptera exigua larval development by silencing chitin synthase gene a with rna interference. | rna interference (rnai) is a powerful tool for rapidly analyzing gene functions. however, little is known about the possible use of dsrna/sirna as a pest control method. here, we demonstrate that dsrna/sirna can induce the silence of chitin synthase gene a (chsa), which is an important gene for the growth and development of cuticles and trachea in beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. based on the in vitro rnai experiments in an insect cell line (trichoplusia ni high 5), in vivo rnai was performed b ... | 2008 | 18662430 |
| substantial biases in ultra-short read data sets from high-throughput dna sequencing. | novel sequencing technologies permit the rapid production of large sequence data sets. these technologies are likely to revolutionize genetics and biomedical research, but a thorough characterization of the ultra-short read output is necessary. we generated and analyzed two illumina 1g ultra-short read data sets, i.e. 2.8 million 27mer reads from a beta vulgaris genomic clone and 12.3 million 36mers from the helicobacter acinonychis genome. we found that error rates range from 0.3% at the beginn ... | 2008 | 18660515 |
| multi-trait association mapping in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). | association mapping promises to overcome the limitations of linkage mapping methods. the main objective of this study was to examine the applicability of multivariate association mapping with an empirical data set of sugar beet. a total of 111 diploid sugar beet inbreds was selected from the seed parent heterotic pool to represent a broad diversity with respect to sugar content (sc). the inbreds were genotyped with 26 simple sequence repeat markers chosen according to their map positions in prox ... | 2008 | 18651127 |
| the molecular organization of beet necrotic yellow vein virus. | isolates of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) contain rod-like virus particles of four different lengths. using electron microscopy in combination with optical diffraction and digital image processing methods, we have determined their structural organization. all particles observe the same helical symmetry, according to which the coat protein molecules (mr approximately 21,000) follow a single-stranded right-handed helix of pitch 2.6 nm. this helix has an axial repeat of four turns, involv ... | 1981 | 18635084 |
| beet yellow stunt virus in cells of sonchus oleraceus l. and its relation to host mitochondria. | in sonchus oleraceus l. (asteraceae) infected with the beet yellow stunt virus (bysv) the virions are found in phloem cells, including the sieve elements. in parenchymatous phloem cells, the virus is present mainly in the cytoplasm. in some parenchymatous cells, containing massive accumulations of virus, the flexuous rodlike virus particles are found partly inserted into mitochondrial cristae. the mitochondrial envelope is absent where virus is present in the cristae. a similar relation between ... | 1979 | 18631608 |
| water reuse in the l-lysine fermentation process. | l-lysine is produced commercially by fermentation. as is typical for fermentation processes, a large amount of liquid waste is generated. to minimize the waste, which is mostly the broth effluent from the cation exchange column used for l-lysine recovery, we investigated a strategy of recycling a large fraction of this broth effluent to the subsequent fermentation. this was done on a labscale process with corynebacterium glutamicum atcc 21253 as the l-lysine-producing organism. broth effluent fr ... | 1996 | 18623586 |
| altered physicochemical characteristics of polyethylene glycol linked beet stem oxalate oxidase. | oxalate oxidase (ec 1.2.3.4), obtained from the beet stem, was covalently linked to polyethylene glycol (peg). compared with native enzyme, the modified oxalate oxidase exhibited decreased electrophoretic mobility, increased storage stability, higher thermal stability, and resistance to heavy metal inactivation and proteolytic digestion. the chemical modification of oxalate oxidase with peg also brought about a marked shift in its optimal ph, from ph 4.5 to 6.5, without altering its michaelis co ... | 1995 | 18623309 |
| modeling of an industrial alcohol fermentation and simuiation of the plant by a process simulator. | the aim of the present study was the development of a general simulation module for fermentation within the framework of existing chemical process simulators. this module has been applied to an industrial plant which produces ethanol from beet molasses and fresh beet juice by saccharomyces cerevisiae. an unstructured mechanistic model has been developed with kinetic laws that are based on a chemically defined reaction scheme which satisfies stoichiometric constraints. this model can be applied t ... | 1995 | 18623305 |
| present knowledge of the bacterial microflora in the extreme environment of sugar thick juice. | the diversity of the bacterial population in sugar thick juice, an intermediate product in the production of beet sugar, which exhibits an extreme, osmophilic environment with a water activity value (a(w)) less than 0.86, was assessed with both culture-dependent and -independent 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene-based analyses. in comparison with previous studies, the number of different thick juice bacterial species increased from 29 to 72. remarkably, a limited, gram-positive, culturable flora, en ... | 2008 | 18620976 |
| impact of high-pressure carbon dioxide combined with thermal treatment on degradation of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) pigments. | a combined high-pressure carbon dioxide (hp-co 2) and thermal degradation reaction of betanin and isobetanin in aqueous solution was investigated and can be described by a first-order decay. at 45 degrees c, the degradation rate constant ( k) for each pigment component significantly increased (the half-life ( t 1/2) decreased, p < 0.05) with elevated pressure. furthermore, hp-co 2 treatment led to lower k values (higher t 1/2 values) than thermal treatment. however, k and t 1/2 values approached ... | 2008 | 18620403 |