Publications

transcriptional profiling of a cross-protective salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium uk-1 dam mutant identifies a set of genes more transcriptionally active compared to wild-type, and stably transcribed across biologically relevant microenvironments.	vaccination with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lacking dna adenine methyltransferase confers cross-protective immunity against multiple salmonella serotypes. the mechanistic basis is thought to be associated with the de-repression of genes that are tightly regulated when transiting from one microenvironment to another. this de-repression provides a potential means for the production of a more highly expressed and stable antigenic repertoire capable of inducing cross-protective immune r ...	2014	25364573
synergistic effects of bifidobacterium thermophilum rbl67 and selected prebiotics on inhibition of salmonella colonization in the swine proximal colon polyferms model.	probiotics and prebiotics are promising strategies to counteract salmonella prevalence in swine. in the present study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics (fructo- (fos), galacto- (gos) and mannan- (mos) oligosaccharides) and the bacteriocinogenic bifidobacterium thermophilum rbl67 (rbl67) on salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium n-15 (n-15) colonization using the polyferms in vitro continuous fermentation model simulating the swine proximal colon.	2014	25364390
fitness of salmonella mutants resistant to antimicrobial peptides.	to examine the effects of mutations in the waay, phop and pmrb genes, which confer resistance to antimicrobial peptides (amps), on fitness of salmonella typhimurium.	2015	25362575
comprehensive phenotypic characterization of rifampicin resistance mutations in salmonella provides insight into the evolution of resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis.	mutations in the β-subunit of rna polymerase (rnap), encoded by rpob, are responsible for rifampicin resistance (rif(r)). although many mutations in rpob can reduce susceptibility, only a few are frequent amongst rif(r) clinical mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) isolates. it has been suggested that there is a negative correlation between the fitness costs of rif(r) mutations and their respective clinical frequency, but so far comparable fitness cost measurements have only been conducted for a ver ...	2015	25362573
loss of the lac operon contributes to salmonella invasion of epithelial cells through derepression of flagellar synthesis.	salmonella, a genus that is closely related to escherichia coli, includes many pathogens of humans and other animals. a notable feature that distinguishes salmonella from e. coli is lactose negativity, because the lac operon is lost in most salmonella genomes. here, we expressed the lac operon in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and compared the virulence of the lac(+) strain to that of the wild-type strain in a murine model, invasion assays, and macrophage replication assays. we showed t ...	2015	25362512
pathogenicity of salmonella strains isolated from egg shells and the layer farm environment in australia.	in australia, the egg industry is periodically implicated during outbreaks of salmonella food poisoning. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and other nontyphoidal salmonella spp., in particular, are a major concern for australian public health. several definitive types of salmonella typhimurium strains, but primarily salmonella typhimurium definitive type 9 (dt9), have been frequently reported during egg-related food poisoning outbreaks in australia. the aim of the present study was to gene ...	2015	25362057
participation of the salmonella ompd porin in the infection of raw264.7 macrophages and balb/c mice.	salmonella typhimurium is the etiological agent of gastroenteritis in humans and enteric fever in mice. inside these hosts, salmonella must overcome hostile conditions to develop a successful infection, a process in which the levels of porins may be critical. herein, the role of the salmonella typhimurium porin ompd in the infection process was assessed for adherence, invasion and proliferation in raw264.7 mouse macrophages and in balb/c mice. in cultured macrophages, a δompd strain exhibited in ...	2014	25360745
differences in the antibacterial activity of nisin and bovicin hc5 against salmonella typhimurium under different temperature and ph conditions.	to compare the action of nisin and bovicin hc5 in combination with edta on salmonella typhimurium under different environmental conditions.	2015	25358073
mutualistic interaction between salmonella enterica and aspergillus niger and its effects on zea mays colonization.	salmonella typhimurium inhabits a variety of environments and is able to infect a broad range of hosts. throughout its life cycle, some hosts can act as intermediates in the path to the infection of others. aspergillus niger is a ubiquitous fungus that can often be found in soil or associated to plants and microbial consortia. recently, s. typhimurium was shown to establish biofilms on the hyphae of a. niger. in this work, we have found that this interaction is stable for weeks without a noticea ...	2014	25351041
temporal and anatomical host resistance to chronic salmonella infection is quantitatively dictated by nramp1 and influenced by host genetic background.	the lysosomal membrane transporter, nramp1, plays a key role in innate immunity and resistance to infection with intracellular pathogens such as non-typhoidal salmonella (nts). nts-susceptible c57bl/6 (b6) mice, which express the mutant nramp1d169 allele, are unable to control acute infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium following intraperitoneal or oral inoculation. introducing functional nramp1g169 into the b6 host background, either by constructing a congenic strain carrying n ...	2014	25350459
proteomes of host cell membranes modified by intracellular activities of salmonella enterica.	intracellular pathogens need to establish a growth-stimulating host niche for survival and replication. a unique feature of the gastrointestinal pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is the creation of extensive membrane networks within its host. an understanding of the origin and function of these membranes is crucial for the development of new treatment strategies. however, the characterization of this compartment is very challenging, and only fragmentary knowledge of its compositio ...	2015	25348832
evolutionary expansion of a regulatory network by counter-silencing.	horizontal gene transfer plays a major role in bacterial evolution. successful acquisition of new genes requires their incorporation into existing regulatory networks. this study compares the regulation of conserved genes in the phopq regulon of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium with that of phopq-regulated horizontally acquired genes, which are silenced by the histone-like protein h-ns. we demonstrate that phop upregulates conserved and horizontally acquired genes by distinct mechanisms. ...	2014	25348042
inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella typhimurium in apple juices with different soluble solids content by combining ozone treatment with mild heat.	this study evaluated the combined effects of ozone and heat treatment to inactivate escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella typhimurium in three types of apple juice of different soluble solids content.	2015	25346257
genotoxic potential and in vitro tumour-promoting potential of 2-dodecylcyclobutanone and 2-tetradecylcyclobutanone, two radiolytic products of fatty acids.	the dna-damaging and tumour-promoting effects of two 2-alkylcyclobutanones (2-acbs), which are found in irradiated fat-containing foods, were investigated by use of the comet assay and in an azoxymethane (aom)-induced colon-carcinogenesis study in rats, respectively. we conducted genotoxicity tests of 2-dodecylcyclobutanone (2-ddcb) and 2-tetradecylcyclobutanone (2-tdcb) according to the test guidelines for chemicals or drugs. in addition, a cell-transformation assay with bhas 42 cells was perfo ...	2014	25344170
a method for assessment of the genotoxicity of mainstream cigarette-smoke by use of the bacterial reverse-mutation assay and an aerosol-based exposure system.	to date there are no widely accepted methods for the toxicological testing of complex gaseous mixtures and aerosols, such as cigarette smoke, although some modifications to the standard regulatory methods have been developed and used. historically, routine testing of cigarettes has primarily focused on the particulate fraction of cigarette smoke. however, this fraction may not accurately reflect the full toxicity and mutagenicity of the smoke aerosol as a whole, which contains semi-volatiles and ...	2014	25344108
comparative analysis of gene expression: uncovering expression conservation and divergence between salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strains lt2 and 14028s.	different strains of the same organism can share a large amount of their genetic material, the so called core pangenome. nevertheless, these species can display different lifestyles and it is still not well known to what extent the core pangenome plays a role in the divergence of lifestyles between the two organisms. here, we present a procedure for uncovering the conservation and divergence of gene expression by using large expression compendia. we will use data from two salmonella enterica ser ...	2015	25343862
evaluation of the live vaccine efficacy of virulence plasmid-cured, and phop- or aroa-deficient salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in mice.	we evaluated the protective efficacy of 94-kb virulence plasmid-cured, and phop- or aroa-deficient strains of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (δphop or δaroa s. typhimurium) as oral vaccine candidates in balb/c mice. two weeks after the completion of 3 oral immunizations with 1 × 10(8) colony-forming units (cfu) of virulence plasmid-cured, and δphop or δaroa s. typhimurium at 10-day intervals, s. typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (lps)-specific mucosal secretory immunoglobulin a (s-iga) ant ...	2015	25341392
lyn deficiency leads to increased microbiota-dependent intestinal inflammation and susceptibility to enteric pathogens.	the lyn tyrosine kinase governs the development and function of various immune cells, and its dysregulation has been linked to malignancy and autoimmunity. using models of chemically induced colitis and enteric infection, we show that lyn plays a critical role in regulating the intestinal microbiota and inflammatory responses as well as protection from enteric pathogens. lyn(-/-) mice were highly susceptible to dextran sulfate sodium (dss) colitis, characterized by significant wasting, rectal bl ...	2014	25339668
the mutagenicity analysis of imidapril hydrochloride and its degradant, diketopiperazine derivative, nitrosation mixtures by in vitro ames test with two strains of salmonella typhimurium.	the evaluation of mutagenic properties of imidapril hydrochloride (imd) and its degradation impurity, diketopiperazine derivative (dkp), nitrosation mixtures was conducted in order to analyze the carcinogenic risk of imd long-term treatment in patients. in this study an in vitro ames test with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium ta 98 and ta 100 strains was used.	2014	25337415
adaboost based multi-instance transfer learning for predicting proteome-wide interactions between salmonella and human proteins.	pathogen-host protein-protein interaction (ppi) plays an important role in revealing the underlying pathogenesis of viruses and bacteria. the need of rapidly mapping proteome-wide pathogen-host interactome opens avenues for and imposes burdens on computational modeling. for salmonella typhimurium, only 62 interactions with human proteins are reported to date, and the computational modeling based on such a small training data is prone to yield model overfitting. in this work, we propose a multi-i ...	2014	25330226
defining the metabolic requirements for the growth and colonization capacity of campylobacter jejuni.	during the last decade campylobacter jejuni has been recognized as the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. this facultative intracellular pathogen is a member of the epsilonproteobacteria and requires microaerobic atmosphere and nutrient rich media for efficient proliferation in vitro. its catabolic capacity is highly restricted in contrast to salmonella typhimurium and other enteropathogenic bacteria because several common pathways for carbohydrate utilization are either missi ...	2014	25325018
evaluation of the genotoxicity of ginseng leaf extract ug0712.	although ginseng (genus panax) leaf extract contains high concentrations of bioactive constituents, its effects have been reported in few preclinical studies, and information regarding its toxicity is not sufficient to allow for its clinical use. we evaluated the genotoxicity of ug0712, which is a powdered extract of ginseng leaves. ug0712 did not increase the number of revertant colonies in 4 histidine auxotrophic strains of salmonella typhimurium (ta100, ta1535, ta98, and ta1537) or in a trypt ...	2014	25324871
pmqr genes oqxab and aac(6')ib-cr accelerate the development of fluoroquinolone resistance in salmonella typhimurium.	emergence of multidrug-resistant salmonella typhimurium strains, especially the acssut and nalidixic acid r types, has significantly compromised the effectiveness of current strategies to control salmonella infections, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. clinical s. typhimurium isolates recovered in hong kong during the period of 2005-2011 were increasingly resistant to ciprofloxacin (cip) and antibiotics of the acssut group. our data revealed that oqxab and aac(6')ib-cr were encoded ...	2014	25324840
tracing the sources of human salmonellosis: a multi-model comparison of phenotyping and genotyping methods.	salmonella source attribution is usually performed using frequency-matched models, such as the (modified) dutch and hald models, based on phenotyping data, i.e. serotyping, phage typing, and antimicrobial resistance profiling. however, for practical and economic reasons, genotyping methods such as multi-locus variable number of tandem repeats analysis (mlva) are gradually replacing traditional phenotyping of salmonellas beyond the serovar level. as mlva-based source attribution of human salmonel ...	2014	25315490
antimicrobial profile of essential oils extracted from wild versus cultivated origanum ehrenberjii against enteric bacteria.	the role of origanum ehrenberjii against bacteria that cause enteric diseases is well known. salmonella and enterococcus cause high rates of enteric infections around the world. the aim of this study was to extract essential oils from cultivated and naturally growing o. ehrenberjii, compare the chemical profiles of the extracts and estimate their antimicrobial efficacy against enteric pathogens.	2014	25313614
inhibition of salmonella enterica biofilm formation using small-molecule adenosine mimetics.	biofilms have been widely implicated in chronic infections and environmental persistence of salmonella enterica, facilitating enhanced colonization of surfaces and increasing the ability of the bacteria to be transmitted to new hosts. salmonella enterica serovar typhi biofilm formation on gallstones from humans and mice enhances gallbladder colonization and bacterial shedding, while salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium biofilms facilitate long-term persistence in a number of environments impo ...	2015	25313216
pathogenicity and phenotypic analysis of sopb, sopd and pipd virulence factors in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and salmonella enterica serovar agona.	salmonella is an important food-borne pathogen causing disease in humans and animals worldwide. salmonellosis may be caused by any one of over 2,500 serovars of salmonella. nonetheless, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and salmonella enterica serovar agona are the second most prevalent serovars isolated from humans and livestock products respectively. limited knowledge is available about the virulence mechanisms responsible for diarrheal disease caused by them. to investigate the contribu ...	2015	25312847
effect of chitosan coating on a bacteria-based alginate microrobot.	to develop an efficient bacteria-based microrobot, first, therapeutic bacteria should be encapsulated into microbeads using biodegradable and biocompatible materials; second, the releasing rate of the encapsulated bacteria for theragnostic function should be regulated; and finally, flagellated bacteria should be attached on the microbeads to ensure the motility of the microrobot. for the therapeutic bacteria encapsulation, an alginate can be a promising candidate as a biodegradable and biocompat ...	2015	25312282
protective immunity against enteral stages of trichinella spiralis elicited in mice by live attenuated salmonella vaccine that secretes a 30-mer parasite epitope fused to the molecular adjuvant c3d-p28.	the development of a veterinary vaccine against t. spiralis infection is an alternative strategy to control trichinellosis. in an effort to develop an efficient vaccine, balb/c mice were immunized with attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium sl3261 that expresses a 30-mer peptide (ag30) derived from the gp43 of t. spiralis muscle larvae fused to three copies of the molecular adjuvant p28 (ag30-p283) and it was either displayed on the surface or secreted by recombinant salmonella strai ...	2014	25311159
trna modification enzymes gida and mnme: potential role in virulence of bacterial pathogens.	transfer rna (trna) is an rna molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis. these trnas function at the peptidyl (p) and aminoacyl (a) binding sites of the ribosome during translation, with each codon being recognized by a specific trna. due to this specificity, trna modification is essential for translational efficiency. many enzymes have been implicated in the modification of bacterial trnas, and these enzymes may complex with one another or interact individually wi ...	2014	25310651
safety assessment of epa-rich polar lipid oil produced from the microalgae nannochloropsis oculata.	almega pl is an eicosapentaenoic acid-rich ω-3 oil that is isolated from nannochloropsis oculata algae and developed as a dietary supplement. the safety of the algal oil was evaluated in 14- and 90-day studies in sprague-dawley rats by oral gavage at dose levels of 0, 250, 500, and 2500 mg/kg/d and 0, 200, 400, and 2000 mg/kg/d, respectively. no mortalities occurred and no signs of toxicity were observed during the studies. no treatment-related effects were seen for body weight, food consumption ...	2014	25305242
salmonella typhimurium strain atcc14028 requires h2-hydrogenases for growth in the gut, but not at systemic sites.	salmonella enterica is a common cause of diarrhea. for eliciting disease, the pathogen has to colonize the gut lumen, a site colonized by the microbiota. this process/initial stage is incompletely understood. recent work established that one particular strain, salmonella enterica subspecies 1 serovar typhimurium strain sl1344, employs the hyb h2-hydrogenase for consuming microbiota-derived h2 to support gut luminal pathogen growth: protons from the h2-splitting reaction contribute to the proton ...	2014	25303479
study on the promotion of bacterial biofilm formation by a salmonella conjugative plasmid and the underlying mechanism.	to investigate the effect of the prst98 plasmid, originally isolated from salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi), on biofilm (bf) formation, we carried out in vitro experiments using s. typhi, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) and escherichia coli (e. coli). we further explored the effects of prst98 in vivo by establishing two animal models, a tumor-bearing mouse model and a mouse urethral catheter model. moreover, we examined the relationship between the quorum-sens ...	2014	25299072
antimicrobial applications of transition metal complexes of benzothiazole based terpolymer: synthesis, characterization, and effect on bacterial and fungal strains.	terpolymer of 2-amino-6-nitro-benzothiazole-ethylenediamine-formaldehyde (bef) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and various spectral techniques like ftir, uv-visible, and (1)h and (13)c-nmr. the terpolymer metal complexes were prepared with cu(2+), ni(2+), and zn(2+) metal ions using bef terpolymer as a ligand. the complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis and ir, uv-visible, esr, (1)h-nmr, and (13)c-nmr spectral studies. gel permeation chromatography wa ...	2014	25298760
insights into the inhibitory mechanisms of the regulatory protein iia(glc) on melibiose permease activity.	the phosphotransfer protein iia(glc) of the bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system plays a key role in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. melibiose permease (melb) is one among several permeases subject to iia(glc) regulation. the regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood; in addition, thermodynamic features of iia(glc) binding to other proteins are also unknown. applying isothermal titration calorimetry and amine-specific cross-linking, we show that iia(g ...	2014	25296751
bacterial nucleoid-associated protein uncouples transcription levels from transcription timing.	the histone-like nucleoid-structuring (h-ns) protein binds to horizontally acquired genes in the bacterium salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, silencing their expression. we now report that overcoming the silencing effects of h-ns imposes a delay in the expression of genes activated by the transcriptional regulator phop. we determine that phop-activated genes ancestral to salmonella are expressed before those acquired horizontally. this expression timing reflects the in vivo occupancy of th ...	2014	25293763
antimicrobial activity, toxicity and selectivity index of two biflavonoids and a flavone isolated from podocarpus henkelii (podocarpaceae) leaves.	different parts of podocarpus henkelii have been used in many cultures around the world to treat ailments such as cholera, stomach diseases, rheumatism, cancer, canine distemper in dogs and gall sickness in cattle. the aim of this study was to evaluate the biological activity and toxicity of isolated compounds from podocarpus henkelii after an earlier study indicated a promising activity in crude extracts against viral pathogens of veterinary importance.	2014	25293523
a thermostable salmonella phage endolysin, lys68, with broad bactericidal properties against gram-negative pathogens in presence of weak acids.	resistance rates are increasing among several problematic gram-negative pathogens, a fact that has encouraged the development of new antimicrobial agents. this paper characterizes a salmonella phage endolysin (lys68) and demonstrates its potential antimicrobial effectiveness when combined with organic acids towards gram-negative pathogens. biochemical characterization reveals that lys68 is more active at ph 7.0, maintaining 76.7% of its activity when stored at 4°c for two months. thermostability ...	2014	25290100
are inflammatory phagocytes responsible for resistance to facultative intracellular bacteria?	at least 38 deaths from listeriosis in the united states in recent months have drawn attention to how little we know about resistance to facultative intracellular bacteria. much more is known about resistance to obligate intracellular parasites. macrophages, activated by t cell-derived macrophage activating factors (maf), are able to kill obligate intracellular parasites and tumor cells(1-10) including leishmania, certain trypanosomes, toxoplasma, the obligate intracellular bacterium rickettsia, ...	1986	25289573
expression of homologous rnd efflux pump genes is dependent upon acrb expression: implications for efflux and virulence inhibitor design.	enterobacteriaceae have multiple efflux pumps that confer intrinsic resistance to antibiotics. acrb mediates clinically relevant multidrug resistance and is required for virulence and biofilm formation, making it an attractive target for the design of inhibitors. the aim of this study was to assess the viability of single transporters as a target for efflux inhibition using salmonella typhimurium as the model pathogen.	2015	25288678
antioxidant and antibacterial activities of exopolysaccharides from bifidobacterium bifidum wbin03 and lactobacillus plantarum r315.	the objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of exopolysaccharide (eps) from bifidobacterium bifidum wbin03 (b-eps) and lactobacillus plantarum r315 (l-eps). the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph)-radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical-scavenging, and superoxide radical-scavenging abilities were measured to evaluate antioxidant activity. inhibition of erythrocyte hemolysis and lipid peroxidation was also measured. both b-eps and l-eps had strong sca ...	2014	25282420
antityphoid and radical scavenging properties of the methanol extracts and compounds from the aerial part of paullinia pinnata.	paullinia pinnata linn (sapindaceae) is a medicinal plant, locally used in the west region of cameroon for the treatment of typhoid fever. this work was designed to evaluate the antityphoid and antioxidant activities of the extracts and compounds of p. pinnata. the methanol extracts of the leaves and stems were tested for antityphoid and antioxidant activities. compounds were isolated, and their structures elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data in conjuction with literature data and tested ...	2014	25279277
first complete genome sequence of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strain atcc 13311 (nctc 74), a reference strain of multidrug resistance, as achieved by use of pacbio single-molecule real-time technology.	we report the first complete genomic sequence of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strain atcc 13311, the leading food-borne pathogen and a reference strain used in drug resistance studies. de novo assembly with pacbio sequencing completed its chromosome and one plasmid. they will accelerate the investigation into multidrug resistance in salmonella typhimurium.	2014	25278532
effect of butyrate on immune response of a chicken macrophage cell line.	butyric acid is a major short chain fatty acid (scfa), produced in the gastrointestinal tract by anaerobic bacterial fermentation, that has beneficial health effects in many species including poultry. to understand the immunomodulating effects of butyrate on avian macrophage, we treated a naturally transformed line of chicken macrophage cells named htc with na-butyrate in the absence or presence of salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (lps) or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (pma), a metabo ...	2014	25278494
use of a live attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine on farrow-to-finish pig farms.	salmonella enterica infection in pigs is economically important and poses a zoonotic risk. in this study, the efficacy of an attenuated s. enterica serovar typhimurium strain was evaluated in three farrow-to-finish pig herds. in each herd, 120 piglets were vaccinated orally at 3 and 24 days of age, while 120 piglets served as unvaccinated controls. faeces, ileocaecal lymph nodes and caecal contents were examined for s. typhimurium by isolation and serum was analysed for antibodies against s. typ ...	2014	25278382
genotoxicity assessment of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with different particle sizes and surface coatings.	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (ionps) have been widely used for various biomedical applications such as magnetic resonance imaging and drug delivery. however, their potential toxic effects, including genotoxicity, need to be thoroughly understood. in the present study, the genotoxicity of ionps with different particle sizes (10, 30 nm) and surface coatings (peg, pei) were assessed using three standard genotoxicity assays, the salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay (ames test), the in ...	2014	25274166
synergetic effect of combined fumaric acid and slightly acidic electrolysed water on the inactivation of food-borne pathogens and extending the shelf life of fresh beef.	to evaluate synergetic effect of slight acidic electrolysed water (saew) and fumaric acid (fa) on inactivation of total viable count (tvc) and staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella typhimurium in fresh beef and to study shelf life and sensory quality of beef.	2014	25273314
the ubiquitin-like modifier fat10 decorates autophagy-targeted salmonella and contributes to salmonella resistance in mice.	bacterial invasion of eukaryotic cells is counteracted by cell-autonomous innate immune mechanisms including xenophagy. the decoration of cytosolic bacteria by ubiquitylation and binding of galectin-8 leads to recruitment of autophagy adaptors like p62 (also known as sqstm1), ndp52 (also known as calcoco2) and optineurin, which initiate the destruction of bacteria by xenophagy. here, we show that the functionally barely characterized ifnγ- and tnfα-inducible ubiquitin-like modifier fat10 (also k ...	2014	25271057
the response of porcine monocyte derived macrophages and dendritic cells to salmonella typhimurium and lipopolysaccharide.	following infection and initial multiplication in the gut lumen, salmonella typhimurium crosses the intestinal epithelial barrier and comes into contact with cells of the host immune system. mononuclear phagocytes which comprise macrophages and dendritic cells (dc) are of key importance for the outcome of salmonella infection. although macrophages and dc may differentiate from a common precursor, their capacities to process and present antigen differ significantly. in this study, we therefore co ...	2014	25270530
enteric pathogen survival varies substantially in irrigation water from belgian lettuce producers.	it is accepted that irrigation water is a potential carrier of enteric pathogens, such as salmonella and e. coli o157:h7 and, therefore, a source for contamination of fresh produce. we tested this by comparing irrigation water samples taken from five different greenhouses in belgium. the water samples were inoculated with four zoonotic strains, two salmonella and two e. coli o157:h7 strains, and pathogen survival and growth in the water were monitored up till 14 days. the influence of water temp ...	2014	25268508
sensitization of intracellular salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to aminoglycosides in vitro and in vivo by a host-targeted antimicrobial agent.	aminoglycosides exhibit relatively poor activity against intracellular salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium due to their low permeativity across eukaryotic cell membranes. previously, we identified the unique ability of ar-12, a celecoxib-derived small-molecule agent, to eradicate intracellular salmonella typhimurium in macrophages by facilitating autophagosome formation and suppressing akt kinase signaling. in light of this unique mode of antibacterial action, we investigated the ability of ...	2014	25267669
evaluation of the sensitivity of faecal sampling for detection of monophasic salmonella typhimurium and other salmonella in cattle and pigs.	there has been a rapid rise in the prevalence of cases of monophasic salmonella typhimurium (mst) in both humans and farm animals, and it has been found in pigs, cattle and poultry. it is therefore vital to have a good understanding of how to efficiently detect infected farms. the objective of this project was to determine sample type sensitivity in the detection of salmonella to detect infected groups of animals on both pig (breeder, grower and finisher sites) and cattle (beef and dairy) farms, ...	2015	25266772
safety and toxicological evaluation of a novel, fermented, peptide-enriched, hydrolyzed swine placenta extract powder.	placenta is an important organ that connects the developing fetus to allow nutrient uptake, antibody provisions and gas exchange via the blood supply of the mother. we developed a novel, standardized, stable, water-soluble, peptide-enriched hydrolyzed, horus fermented placenta powder (hfpep) from healthy, pathogen-free, swine placenta. earlier studies demonstrated that hfpep significantly improves physical fatigue, hepatic functions and repair of muscle fibers. we examined the broad safety of hf ...	2015	25266486
protoporphyrin (ppix) efflux by the macab-tolc pump in escherichia coli.	in most organisms, heme biosynthesis is strictly controlled so as to avoid heme and heme precursor accumulation, which is toxic. escherichia coli regulates heme biosynthesis by a feedback loop involving heme-induced proteolytic cleavage of hema, glutamyl-trna reductase, which is the first enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway. we show here that heme homeostasis can be disrupted by overproduction of yfex, a cytoplasmic protein that captures iron from heme that we named deferrochelatase. we also ...	2014	25257218
direct attachment of nanoparticle cargo to salmonella typhimurium membranes designed for combination bacteriotherapy against tumors.	nanoparticle technology is an emerging approach to resolve difficult-to-manage internal diseases. it is highly regarded, in particular, for medical use in treatment of cancer due to the innate ability of certain nanoparticles to accumulate in the porous environment of tumors and to be toxic to cancer cells. however, the therapeutic success of nanoparticles is limited by the technical difficulty of fully penetrating and thus attacking the tumor. additionally, while nanoparticles possess seeming-s ...	2015	25253255
quantitative proteomic identification of host factors involved in the salmonella typhimurium infection cycle.	quantitative proteomics, based on stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (silac), can be used to identify host proteins involved in the intracellular interplay with pathogens. this method allows identification of proteins subject to degradation or upregulation in response to intracellular infection. it can also be used to study intracellular dynamics (trafficking) of proteins in response to the infection. here, we describe the analysis of changes in protein profiles determined in ...	2015	25253246
protective effect of a prime-boost strategy with the ts87 vaccine against trichinella spiralis infection in mice.	trichinellosis is a widespread zoonosis primarily caused by trichinella spiralis. mucosal immunity is crucial for preventing trichinella spiralis infection. in our previous study, a dna vaccine with the trichinella antigen ts87 delivered by an attenuated salmonella typhimurium elicited partial protection against trichinella spiralis infection in mice. in the current study, to elicit a more robust immune response and develop a potent vaccination strategy against trichinellosis, a heterologous pri ...	2014	25250316
oligomerization of esculin improves its antibacterial activity and modulates antibiotic resistance.	in this particular study, the antibacterial activity of esculin and oligomer fractions was assessed. mic values of esculin and its oligomer fractions as well as of some antibiotics against gram-positive and gram-negative strains and against escherichia coli multiresistant variants were determined by the standard broth microdilution method. both esculin and oligoesculin fractions exhibited antibacterial effect against reference strains; staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, salmonella ent ...	2015	25248728
macrophage-expressed perforins mpeg1 and mpeg1.2 have an anti-bacterial function in zebrafish.	macrophage-expressed gene 1 (mpeg1) encodes an evolutionarily conserved protein with a predicted membrane attack complex/perforin domain associated with host defence against invading pathogens. in vertebrates, mpeg1/perforin-2 is an integral membrane protein of macrophages, suspected to be involved in the killing of intracellular bacteria by pore-forming activity. zebrafish have 3 copies of mpeg1; 2 are expressed in macrophages, whereas the third could be a pseudogene. the mpeg1 and mpeg1.2 gene ...	2015	25247677
characterization of a salmonella typhimurium ghost carrying an adjuvant protein as a vaccine candidate for the protection of chickens against virulent challenge.	in this study we describe the generation of a safe, immunogenic, genetically inactivated salmonella typhimurium ghost vaccine candidate carrying the escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin b subunit (ltb) protein as an adjuvant molecule. an asd(+) p15a ori(-) plasmid pjhl187-ltb harbouring the e lysis gene cassette and a foreign antigen delivery cassette containing the eltb gene was used to transform a δasd salmonella typhimurium (jol1311) strain to construct the ghost strain, jol1499. incubati ...	2014	25245884
the effects of the supplementation of bacillus subtilis rx7 and b2a strains on the performance, blood profiles, intestinal salmonella concentration, noxious gas emission, organ weight and breast meat quality of broiler challenged with salmonella typhimurium.	an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of b. subtilis rx7 and b. subtilis b2a on growth performance, blood profiles, intestinal salmonella population, noxious gas emission, organ weight and breast meat quality of broilers under s. typhimurium challenge. a total of 120, one-day-old ross 308 male broiler chicks were assigned to four dietary treatments, composed of six replications, with five birds per replication, for 10 day. the dietary treatment groups were negative control (nc; no ...	2015	25244020
bacteriophage p22 to challenge salmonella in foods.	in this study we considered the influence of phage addition on the fate of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in different foods. phage p22 was applied to the following: liquid eggs, energy drinks, whole and skimmed milk, apple juice, chicken breast and chicken mince all spiked with its host, whose growth was monitored for 24 and 48 h at 4 °c. appreciable host inactivation, generally in the order of 2 log cycles, was achieved compared to phage-free controls in all food matrices when 10(4) u ...	2014	25240138
epithelial cell adhesion and gastrointestinal colonization of lactobacillus in poultry.	administration of probiotic lactobacillus cultures is an important alternative to the use of antibiotic growth promoters and has been demonstrated to improve animal health, growth performance, and preharvest food safety in poultry production. whereas gastrointestinal colonization is thought to be critical to their probiotic functionality, factors important to lactobacillus colonization in chickens are not well understood. in this study we investigate epithelial cell adhesion in vitro and coloniz ...	2014	25239531
total phenolic content and antibacterial activity of five plants of labiatae against four foodborne and some other bacteria.	the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of thymus vulgaris, thymus caramanicus, zataria multiflora, ziziphora clinopodioides and ziziphora tenuior against four foodborne and four other bacteria including staphylococcus aureus, shigella dysenteriae, salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli, staphylococcus epidermidis, bacillus subtilis, mrsa and pseudomona aeruginosa and measuring the amount of total phenolics of the plants. the extracts were prepared by maceration method. ...	2014	25237351
helicobacter pylori outer inflammatory protein dna vaccine-loaded bacterial ghost enhances immune protective efficacy in c57bl/6 mice.	helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection is associated with incidents of gastrointestinal diseases in half of the human population. however, management of its infection remains a challenge. hence, it is necessary to develop an efficient vaccine to fight against this pathogen. in the present study, a novel vaccine based on the production of attenuated salmonella typhimurium bacterial ghost (sl7207-bg), delivering h. pylori outer inflammatory protein gene (oipa) encoded dna vaccine was developed, ...	2014	25236588
inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts from miracle fruit leaves on mutation and oxidative damage.	this study investigated the inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts from miracle fruit leaves (aml) on mutation and oxidative damage. the results showed that aml in the range of 1-5mg/plate inhibited the mutagenicity of 2-aminoanthracene (2-aa), an indirect mutagen, and 4-nitroquinoline-n-oxide (4-nqo), a direct mutagen toward salmonella typhimurium ta 98 and ta 100. on the other hand, aml in the range of 0.05-0.2mg/ml showed radical scavenging, reducing activities, liposome protection as well as ...	2015	25236245
profile of volatile components of hydrodistilled and extracted leaves of jacaranda acutifolia and their antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens.	volatile constituents of the essential oil and n-hexane extract of jacaranda acutifolia humb. and bonpl. (bignoniaceae) leaves were determined, and their antimicrobial activities were investigated using an agar diffusion method. the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) were determined and compared with those of standard antibiotics (penicillin, gentamicin and nystatin). the chemical composition of the oils was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (glc-fid) and gas chromatography-mass spec ...	2014	25230515
endovascular treatment of an iliac artery rupture caused by invasive salmonella spondylodiscitis.	the rate of non-typhoid salmonella infections has increased remarkably in recent years. endovascular system infection is one of the most serious forms of extraintestinal salmonella infection. the abdominal aorta is frequently involved, while bone and joint involvement are rarely seen. we present a rare case of successful endovascular treatment of a left iliac artery rupture and pseudoaneurysm both occurring due to the direct invasion of lumbar spondylodiscitis caused by salmonella typhimurium.	2014	25230272
a community outbreak of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium associated with an asymptomatic food handler in two local restaurants.	between january and april 2012, the city of long beach department of health and human services investigated an outbreak involving 19 case patients who had tested positive for salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium with indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. all cases were residents of or traveled to the city of long beach, california, during their incubation period, and the majority of patients reported eating at one of two restaurants in long beach. this article describe ...	2014	25226780
cellular requirements for systemic control of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infections in mice.	the rational design of vaccines requires an understanding of the contributions of individual immune cell subsets to immunity. with this understanding, targeted vaccine delivery approaches and adjuvants can be developed to maximize vaccine efficiency and to minimize side effects (s. h. e. kaufmann et al., immunity 33:555-577, 2010; t. ben-yedidia and r. arnon, hum. vaccines 1:95-101, 2005). we have addressed the contributions of different immune cell subsets and their ability to contribute to the ...	2014	25225248
anti-metastatic immunotherapy based on mucosal administration of flagellin and immunomodulatory p10.	current therapies against malignant melanoma generally fail to increase survival in most patients, and immunotherapy is a promising approach as it could reduce the dosage of toxic therapeutic drugs. in the present study, we show that an immunotherapeutic approach based on the use of the toll-like receptor (tlr)-5 ligand flagellin (salmonella typhimurium flici) combined with the major histocompatibility complex class ii-restricted p10 peptide, derived from the paracoccidioides brasiliensis gp43 m ...	2015	25223833
progression to multi-scale models and the application to food system intervention strategies.	the aim of this article is to discuss how the systems science approach can be used to optimize intervention strategies in food animal systems. it advocates the idea that the challenges of maintaining a safe food supply are best addressed by integrating modeling and mathematics with biological studies critical to formulation of public policy to address these challenges. much information on the biology and epidemiology of food animal systems has been characterized through single-discipline methods ...	2015	25217407
tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r prevents experimental human breast cancer bone metastasis in nude mice.	bone metastasis is a lethal and morbid late stage of breast cancer that is currently treatment resistant. more effective mouse models and treatment are necessary. high bone-metastatic variants of human breast cancer cells were selected in nude mice by cardiac injection. after cardiac injection of a high bone-metastatic variant of breast cancer, all untreated mice had bone metastases compared to only 20% with parental cells. treatment with tumor-targeting salmonella typhimurium a1-r completely pr ...	2014	25216526
innate lymphoid cells regulate intestinal epithelial cell glycosylation.	fucosylation of intestinal epithelial cells, catalyzed by fucosyltransferase 2 (fut2), is a major glycosylation mechanism of host-microbiota symbiosis. commensal bacteria induce epithelial fucosylation, and epithelial fucose is used as a dietary carbohydrate by many of these bacteria. however, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate the induction of epithelial fucosylation are unknown. here, we show that type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ilc3) induced intestinal epithelial fut2 expressio ...	2014	25214634
the orphan regulator reid of salmonella enterica is essential for myo-inositol utilization.	in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium), the genomic island gei4417/4436 is responsible for the utilization of myo-inositol (mi) as carbon and energy source. here, we report the characterization of a novel, island-encoded positive autoregulator termed reid (stm4423) that is specific to certain s. enterica strains and escherichia coli strain ed1a able to use mi. reid was essential for growth with this polyol and also contributed to s. typhimurium proliferation in swine caecum ...	2014	25213016
systemic responses of balb/c mice to salmonella typhimurium infection.	salmonella typhimurium is a bacterial pathogen that poses a great threat to humans and animals. in order to discover hosts' responses to s. typhimurium infection, we collected and analyzed biofluids and organ tissues from mice which had ingested s. typhimurium. we employed (1)h nmr spectroscopy coupled with multivariate data analysis and immunological techniques. the results indicate that infection leads to a severe impact on mice spleen and ileum, which are characterized by splenomegaly and ede ...	2014	25209111
insertion of a 59 amino acid peptide in salmonella typhimurium membrane results in loss of virulence in mice.	we demonstrated previously that expression of a single trans-membrane region of the δ(12) -desaturase gene of synechocystis sp. pcc 6803 in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (salmonella typhimurium) altered the membrane physical state of this pathogen, induced a significant change in the pattern of mrna transcription of major heat shock genes, and inhibited pathogen growth inside murine macrophages. in this study, we demonstrate that injection of the modified salmonella strain [stm(pbad200 ...	2014	25208333
nutritional iron turned inside out: intestinal stress from a gut microbial perspective.	iron is abundantly present on earth, essential for most microorganisms and crucial for human health. human iron deficiency that is nevertheless highly prevalent in developing regions of the world can be effectively treated by oral iron administration. accumulating evidence indicates that excess of unabsorbed iron that enters the colonic lumen causes unwanted side effects at the intestinal host-microbiota interface. the chemical properties of iron, the luminal environment and host iron withdrawal ...	2014	25205464
prevalence of salmonella isolates and antimicrobial resistance in poultry meat from south korea.	contamination of salmonella was assessed in duck and chicken meat collected from supermarkets, traditional markets, internet shopping malls, and wholesale markets in jeonlado, south korea, in 2013. salmonella contamination was found in 51.3% of duck meat samples and 3.7% of chicken meat samples. salmonella contamination of duck meat samples differed by meat type, i.e., 69.8% of samples of whole ducks and 33.9% of samples of duck pieces. six serotypes were identified from 64 salmonella isolates i ...	2014	25198850
antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence characteristics of salmonella enterica typhimurium isolates from healthy and diseased pigs in korea.	this study compared the antimicrobial susceptibility and prevalence of virulence genes in salmonella enterica typhimurium isolated from healthy and diseased pigs in korea. a total of 456 salmonella typhimurium isolated from healthy (n = 238) and diseased (n = 218) pigs between 1998 and 2011 were investigated. in total, 93.4% of the salmonella typhimurium isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent tested. the isolates were most often resistant to tetracycline (85.7%), followed by ...	2014	25198838
survival of salmonella tennessee, salmonella typhimurium dt104, and enterococcus faecium in peanut paste formulations at two different levels of water activity and fat.	long-term survival of heat-stressed salmonella tennessee, salmonella typhimurium dt104, and enterococcus faecium was evaluated in four model peanut paste formulations with a combination of two water activity (aw) levels (0.3 and 0.6) and two fat levels (47 and 56%) over 12 months at 20 ± 1°c. prior to storage, the inoculated peanut paste formulations were heat treated at 75°c for up to 50 min to obtain an approximately 1.0-log reduction of each organism. the cell population of each organism in e ...	2014	25198585
overexpression of the salmonella kdpf membrane peptide modulates expression of kdp genes and intramacrophage growth.	membrane peptides appear as an emerging class of regulatory molecules in bacteria, which can interact with membrane proteins, including transporters and sensor kinases. the kdpf peptide, which is cotranscribed with kdpabc genes and regulated by the kdpde two-component system, is supposed to stabilize the kdpabc potassium transporter complex but may also exhibit unsuspected regulatory function(s). the mycobacterial kdpf can interact with the kdpd histidine kinase, and kdpf overexpression has been ...	2014	25197761
complete proteome of a quinolone-resistant salmonella typhimurium phage type dt104b clinical strain.	salmonellosis is one of the most common and widely distributed foodborne diseases. the emergence of salmonella strains that are resistant to a variety of antimicrobials is a serious global public health concern. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium definitive phage type 104 (dt104) is one of these emerging epidemic multidrug resistant strains. here we collate information from the diverse and comprehensive range of experiments on salmonella proteomes that have been published. we then present a ...	2014	25196519
amino acids 89-96 of salmonella typhimurium flagellin represent the major domain responsible for tlr5-independent adjuvanticity in the humoral immune response.	toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5) signaling in response to flagellin is dispensable for inducing humoral immunity, but alterations of aa 89-96, the tlr5 binding site, significantly reduced the adjuvanticity of flagellin. these observations indicate that the underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. here, we found that the native form of salmonella typhimurium aa 89-96-mutant flagellin extracted from flagella retains some tlr5 recognition activity, indicating that aa 89-96 is the primary, b ...	2015	25195514
poly d,l-lactide-co-glycolide (plga) nanoparticle-encapsulated honeybee (apis melifera) venom promotes clearance of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection in experimentally challenged pigs through the up-regulation of t helper type 1 specific immune responses.	honeybee (apis melifera) venom (hbv), which includes melittin and lipid-soluble ingredients (chrysin and pinocembrin), elicited increases in the cd4(+)/cd8(+) t lymphocyte ratio, relative mrna expression levels of the t helper type 1 (th 1) cytokines (interferon-γ and il-12) and reinforced viral clearance of an experimental porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) virus infection in our previous study. on the basis of that previous study, we have now developed poly-d,l-lactide-co-gly ...	2014	25193467
genetic mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of cold-stressed salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in cultured intestinal epithelial cells.	salmonella encounters various stresses in the environment and in the host during infection. the effects of cold (5°c, 48 h), peroxide (5 mm h2o2, 5 h) and acid stress (ph 4.0, 90 min) were tested on pathogenicity of salmonella. prior exposure of salmonella to cold stress significantly (p < 0.05) increased adhesion and invasion of cultured intestinal epithelial (caco-2) cells. this increased salmonella-host cell association was also correlated with significant induction of several virulence-assoc ...	2014	25192993
impact of conjugation chemistry on the immunogenicity of s. typhimurium conjugate vaccines.	salmonella typhimurium is major cause of invasive nontyphoidal salmonella disease in africa. conjugation of s. typhimurium o-antigen to an appropriate carrier protein constitutes a possible strategy for the development of a vaccine against this disease, for which no vaccines are currently available. the conjugation chemistry used is one of the parameters that can affect the immunogenicity of glycoconjugate vaccines. herein different glycoconjugates were synthesized to investigate the impact of t ...	2014	25192974
evaluation of hirsutella sinensis mycelium on food safety and anti-hepatoma activity in an animal model.	there is evidence that hirsutella sinensis may have antitumor activity. the aim of the present study was to determine the anti-hepatoma effects and food safety assessment of hirsutella sinensis mycelium in vivo and in vitro. effects on mutagenicity were determined using a bacterial reverse mutation assay employing the salmonella typhimurium strains ta98, ta100, ta102, ta1535 and ta1537. there were no dose-dependent increases or decreases in the number of colonies both with and without metabolic ...	2014	25189893
gold nanoparticle-based enzyme-linked antibody-aptamer sandwich assay for detection of salmonella typhimurium.	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) provides a convenient means for the detection of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (stm), which is important for rapid diagnosis of foodborne pathogens. however, conventional elisa is limited by antibody-antigen immunoreactions and suffers from poor sensitivity and tedious sample pretreatment. therefore, development of novel elisa remains challenging. herein, we designed a comprehensive strategy for rapid, sensitive, and quantitative detection of s ...	2014	25188392
mutagenicity of automobile workshop soil leachate and tobacco industry wastewater using the ames salmonella fluctuation and the sos chromotests.	environmental management of industrial solid wastes and wastewater is an important economic and environmental health problem globally. this study evaluated the mutagenic potential of automobile workshop soil-simulated leachate and tobacco wastewater using the sos chromotest on escherichia coli pq37 and the ames salmonella fluctuation test on salmonella typhimurium strains ta98 and ta100 without metabolic activation. physicochemical parameters of the samples were also analyzed. the result of the ...	2016	25187319
surface free energy activated high-throughput cell sorting.	cell sorting is an important screening process in microbiology, biotechnology, and clinical research. existing methods are mainly based on single-cell analysis as in flow cytometric and microfluidic cell sorters. here we report a label-free bulk method for sorting cells by differentiating their characteristic surface free energies (sfes). we demonstrated the feasibility of this method by sorting model binary cell mixtures of various bacterial species, including pseudomonas putida kt2440, enteroc ...	2014	25184988
electric polarization properties of single bacteria measured with electrostatic force microscopy.	we quantified the electrical polarization properties of single bacterial cells using electrostatic force microscopy. we found that the effective dielectric constant, ε(r,eff), for the four bacterial types investigated (salmonella typhimurium, escherchia coli, lactobacilus sakei, and listeria innocua) is around 3-5 under dry air conditions. under ambient humidity, it increases to ε(r,eff) ∼ 6-7 for the gram-negative bacterial types (s. typhimurium and e. coli) and to ε(r,eff) ∼ 15-20 for the gram ...	2014	25184827
antimutagenic and anticancer activity of darjeeling tea in multiple test systems.	darjeeling tea, a most popular variety of black tea, though consumed by the people in different parts of world but its beneficial health effects have not been investigated in details. in this study, the antimutagenic and anticancer effect of darjeeling tea extract (dte) has been evaluated.	2014	25183356
patterns of expression and translocation of the ubiquitin ligase slrp in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium.	slrp is an e3 ubiquitin ligase that can be translocated into eukaryotic host cells by the two type iii secretion systems that are expressed by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and are encoded in salmonella pathogenicity islands 1 (spi1) and 2 (spi2). expression of slrp and translocation of its product were examined using lac, 3×flag, and cyaa' translational fusions. although slrp was expressed in different media, optimal expression was found under conditions that imitate the intravacuolar ...	2014	25182488
the complete plasmid sequences of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium u288.	salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium u288 is an emerging pathogen of pigs. the strain contains three plasmids of diverse origin that encode traits that are of concern for food security and safety, these include antibiotic resistant determinants, an array of functions that can modify cell physiology and permit genetic mobility. at 148,711 bp, pstu288-1 appears to be a hybrid plasmid containing a conglomerate of genes found in pslt of s. typhimurium lt2, coupled with a mosaic of horizontally-ac ...	2014	25175817
identification of the ligand in the structure of the protein with unknown function stm4435 from salmonella typhimurium.	the unidentified ligand, which is present in the crystal of the protein with unknown function stm4435 from salmonella typhimurium, was identified using a combination of high-resolution x-ray crystallography and accurate-mass time-of-flight mass spectrometry. the identified glycerol was present as a component of the solutions used for the isolation and crystallization of the protein and serves as the ligand mimicking the natural metabolite, presumably, 2-keto-myo-isonitol, which is indicative of ...	2014	25172330
a microfluidic nano-biosensor for the detection of pathogenic salmonella.	rapid detection of pathogenic salmonella in food products is extremely important for protecting the public from salmonellosis. the objective of the present study was to explore the feasibility of using a microfluidic nano-biosensor to rapidly detect pathogenic salmonella. quantum dot nanoparticles were used to detect salmonella cells. for selective detection of salmonella, anti-salmonella polyclonal antibodies were covalently immobilized onto the quantum dot surface. to separate and concentrate ...	2015	25172028
diphenyl ditelluride-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis: a relation with topoisomerase i inhibition.	the diphenyl ditelluride (dpdt) is a prototype for the development of new biologically active molecules. in previous studies, dpdt showed an elevated cytotoxicity in chinese hamster fibroblast (v79) cells but the mechanisms for reduction of cell viability still remain unknown. dpdt showed mutagenic properties by induction of frameshift mutations in bacterium salmonella typhimurium and yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. this organotelluride also induced dna strand breaks in v79 cells. in this work, ...	2015	25168415
monitoring of behavior using a video-recording system for recognition of salmonella infection in experimentally infected growing pigs.	behavior is one of the most commonly used indicators of illness; however, few studies have investigated how different common diseases affect animal behavior. this experiment was conducted to investigate behavioral and clinical alterations in growing pigs experimentally infected with salmonella spp. during a 4-week post-infection period. a total of 48 growing pigs were divided into one of the three treatment groups (1) control, (2) infection with salmonella typhimurium or (3) infection with salmo ...	2015	25166898
c-terminal domain swapping of ssb changes the size of the ssdna binding site.	single-stranded dna-binding protein (ssb) plays an important role in dna metabolism, including dna replication, repair, and recombination, and is therefore essential for cell survival. bacterial ssb consists of an n-terminal ssdna-binding/oligomerization domain and a flexible c-terminal protein-protein interaction domain. we characterized the ssdna-binding properties of klebsiella pneumoniae ssb (kpssb), salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2 ssb (stssb), pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 ssb (pa ...	2014	25162017