Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| preliminary studies on immune response and viral pathogenesis of zika virus in rhesus macaques. | zika virus (zikv) is primarily transmitted through mosquito bites. it can also be transmitted during sexual intercourse and in utero from mother to fetus. to gain preliminary insight into zikv pathology and immune responses on route of transmission, rhesus macaques (rms) were inoculated with zikv (prvabc59) via intravaginal (ivag) (n = 3) or subcutaneous (sub q) (n = 2) routes. systemic zikv infection was observed in all rms, regardless of the route of inoculation. after 9 days postinfection (dp ... | 2018 | 30127237 |
| whole blood mitigates the acute coagulopathy of trauma and avoids the coagulopathy of crystalloid resuscitation. | the contributions of type and timing of fluid resuscitation to coagulopathy in trauma remain controversial. as part of a multifunctional resuscitation fluid research effort, we sought to further characterize the coagulation responses to resuscitation, specifically as compared to whole blood. we hypothesized that early whole blood administration mitigates the acute coagulopathy of trauma by avoiding the coagulopathy of cr resuscitation. | 2018 | 30124622 |
| polyclonal hiv envelope-specific breast milk antibodies limit founder shiv acquisition and cell-associated virus loads in infant rhesus monkeys. | breast milk hiv-1 transmission is currently the predominant contributor to pediatric hiv infections. yet, only ~10% of breastfeeding infants born to untreated hiv-infected mothers become infected. this study assessed the protective capacity of natural hiv envelope-specific antibodies isolated from the milk of hiv-infected women in an infant rhesus monkey (rm), tier 2 shiv oral challenge model. to mimic placental and milk maternal antibody transfer, infant rms were i.v. infused and orally treated ... | 2018 | 30115994 |
| coding of self and other's future choices in dorsal premotor cortex during social interaction. | representing others' intentions is central to primate social life. we explored the role of dorsal premotor cortex (pmd) in discriminating between self and others' behavior while two male rhesus monkeys performed a non-match-to-goal task in a monkey-human paradigm. during each trial, two of four potential targets were randomly presented on the right and left parts of a screen, and the monkey or the human was required to choose the one that did not match the previously chosen target. each agent ha ... | 2018 | 30110624 |
| constraints on neural redundancy. | millions of neurons drive the activity of hundreds of muscles, meaning many different neural population activity patterns could generate the same movement. studies have suggested that these redundant (i.e. behaviorally equivalent) activity patterns may be beneficial for neural computation. however, it is unknown what constraints may limit the selection of different redundant activity patterns. we leveraged a brain-computer interface, allowing us to define precisely which neural activity patterns ... | 2018 | 30109848 |
| structure-optimized dihydropyranoindole derivative gibh-lra002 potentially reactivated viral latency in primary cd4+ t lymphocytes of chronic hiv-1 patients. | based on structure modification and a high-throughput jurkat-lat cell screening model, we found that gibh-lra002, ethyl-2-amino-3-cyano-9-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-4,9-dihydropyrano[2,3-b]indole-4-carboxylate, effectively reactivated the latent proviruses in a jurkat-lat cell line and primary cd4+ t cells from both chronic siv-infected rhesus macaques and hiv-1 patients but without inducing systemic activation, making this compound attractive for potentially treating hiv-1 infection. | 2017 | 30108890 |
| mismatch repair gene mutations lead to lynch syndrome colorectal cancer in rhesus macaques. | colorectal cancer accounts for a substantial number of deaths each year worldwide. lynch syndrome is a genetic form of colorectal cancer (crc) caused by inherited mutations in dna mismatch repair (mmr) genes. although researchers have developed mouse models of lynch syndrome through targeted mutagenesis of mmr genes, the tumors that result differ in important ways from those in lynch syndrome patients. we identified 60 cases of crc in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) at our facility since 2001. ... | 2018 | 30108684 |
| impaired development and expansion of germinal center follicular th cells in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected neonatal macaques. | germinal center (gc) cd4+ follicular th (tfh) cells are critical for cognate b cell help in humoral immune responses to pathogenic infections. although tfh cells are expanded or depleted in hiv/siv-infected adults, the effects of pediatric hiv/siv infection on tfh cells remain unclear. in this study, we examined changes in lymphoid follicle formation in lymph nodes focusing on gc tfh cells, b cell development, and differentiation in siv-infected neonatal rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) compared ... | 2018 | 30104244 |
| paternal line effects of early experiences persist across three generations in rhesus macaques. | the effects of early stress may not be limited to the exposed generation, but are sometimes passed on to subsequent generations. such non-genetic transgenerational inheritance is a potentially important developmental and evolutionary force. we compared the transgenerational effects of maternal and paternal line early stress on anxiety- and health-related traits in three non-exposed generations (f1, f2 and f3) of semi-naturalistically raised rhesus macaques. as infants, f0 macaques were exposed t ... | 2018 | 30103289 |
| uteroplacental and fetal 4d flow mri in the pregnant rhesus macaque. | pregnancy complications are often associated with poor uteroplacental vascular adaptation and standard diagnostics are unable to reliably quantify flow in all uteroplacental vessels and have poor sensitivity early in gestation. | 2019 | 30102431 |
| rapid nicotine tolerance and cross-tolerance to varenicline in rhesus monkeys: drug discrimination. | acute tolerance to effects of nicotine plays an important role in nicotine dependence, but the mechanism underlying these effects is unclear. drug discrimination was used in the current study to examine the impact of nicotine pretreatment on sensitivity to the discriminative stimulus effects of nicotine and the fda-approved smoking cessation pharmacotherapy varenicline. rhesus monkeys (n = 4) discriminated 0.032 mg/kg nicotine base iv from saline under an fr5 schedule of stimulus-shock terminati ... | 2018 | 30102063 |
| correlation of genetic diversity between hosts and parasites in entamoeba nuttalli isolates from tibetan and rhesus macaques in china. | entamoeba nuttalli infection is prevalent in captive and wild macaques. recent studies have suggested that genotypes of e. nuttalli isolates are correlated with the geographical distribution of host macaques. correlation of amoebic genotypes with genetic diversity of host macaques was analyzed in present study. sixty fresh stool samples were obtained from wild tibetan macaques living in mount huang (hs) of the an-hui province in china. pcr analysis revealed that the most prevalent entamoeba spec ... | 2018 | 30101826 |
| comparative primate connectomics. | a connectome is a comprehensive map of neural connections of a species nervous system. while recent work has begun comparing connectomes across a wide breadth of species, we present here a more detailed and specific comparison of connectomes across the primate order. long-range connections are thought to improve communication efficiency and thus brain function but are costly in terms of energy and space utilization. methods for measuring connectivity in the brain include measuring white matter v ... | 2018 | 30099461 |
| low cognitive flexibility as a risk for heavy alcohol drinking in non-human primates. | chronic alcohol abuse is frequently considered a habitual or inflexible behavior; however, measures of pre-existing cognitive flexibility prior to initiation of alcohol use are usually not available. this study used rhesus monkeys and an attentional set-shifting task to investigate whether pre-existing cognitive flexibility would predict increased risk for heavy alcohol drinking. as previously reported, monkeys were given 30 daily set-shifting sessions prior to alcohol access. these sessions con ... | 2019 | 30097387 |
| tissue engineering using 3d printed nano-bioactive glass loaded with nell1 gene for repairing alveolar bone defects. | the purposes of this study were to construct a novel tissue engineered bone composed of 3d-printed bioactive glass block/chitosan nanoparticles (bd/csn) composites loaded with nel-like type i molecular-1 dna (pdna-nell1) and/or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bmscs), and study their osteogenic activities by repairing bone defects in rhesus monkeys. csn with nell1 gene plasmid and rhesus monkey bmscs were composited with a bd scaffold to prepare the tissue-engineered bone. four adult female r ... | 2018 | 30094060 |
| transcutaneously refillable nanofluidic implant achieves sustained level of tenofovir diphosphate for hiv pre-exposure prophylaxis. | pre-exposure prophylaxis (prep) with antiretroviral (arv) drugs are effective at preventing human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) transmission. however, implementation of prep presents significant challenges due to poor user adherence, low accessibility to arvs and multiple routes of hiv exposure. to address these challenges, we developed the nanochannel delivery implant (ndi), a subcutaneously implantable device for sustained and constant delivery of tenofovir alafenamide (taf) and emtricitabine ( ... | 2018 | 30092254 |
| adjuvant-dependent enhancement of hiv env-specific antibody responses in infant rhesus macaques. | toward the goal of developing an effective hiv vaccine that can be administered in infancy to protect against postnatal and lifelong sexual hiv transmission risks, the current pilot study was designed to compare the effect of novel adjuvants on the induction of hiv env-specific antibody responses in infant macaques. aligning our studies with the adjuvanted proteins evaluated in a prime-boost schedule with alvac in the ongoing hvtn (hiv vaccine trials network) 702 efficacy trial, we selected the ... | 2018 | 30089691 |
| long-term all-optical interrogation of cortical neurons in awake-behaving nonhuman primates. | whereas optogenetic techniques have proven successful in their ability to manipulate neuronal populations-with high spatial and temporal fidelity-in species ranging from insects to rodents, significant obstacles remain in their application to nonhuman primates (nhps). robust optogenetics-activated behavior and long-term monitoring of target neurons have been challenging in nhps. here, we present a method for all-optical interrogation (aoi), integrating optical stimulation and simultaneous two-ph ... | 2018 | 30089111 |
| emg characteristics of the external anal sphincter guarding reflex and effects of a unilateral ventral root avulsion injury in rhesus macaques ( macaca mulatta). | the external anal sphincter (eas) is important for the maintenance of bowel continence and may be compromised by a variety of neuropathic conditions. however, large animal models for the study of eas functions have been sparse. the eas guarding reflex was examined by electromyography (emg) in neurologically intact rhesus macaques ( n = 6) and at 4-6 wk after a unilateral eas denervation from an l6-s3 ventral root avulsion (vra) injury ( n = 6). baseline eas emg recordings were quiescent in all s ... | 2018 | 30089020 |
| orientation and contrast tuning properties and temporal flicker fusion characteristics of primate superior colliculus neurons. | the primate superior colliculus is traditionally studied from the perspectives of gaze control, target selection, and selective attention. however, this structure is also visually responsive, and it is the primary visual structure in several species. thus, understanding the visual tuning properties of the primate superior colliculus is important, especially given that the superior colliculus is part of an alternative visual pathway running in parallel to the predominant geniculo-cortical pathway ... | 2018 | 30087598 |
| transcriptome analysis of rhesus monkey failed-to-mature oocytes: deficiencies in transcriptional regulation and cytoplasmic maturation of the oocyte mrna population. | which different pathways and functions are altered in rhesus monkey oocytes that fail to mature after an ovulatory stimulus? | 2018 | 30085220 |
| early antiretroviral therapy limits siv reservoir establishment to delay or prevent post-treatment viral rebound. | prophylactic vaccination of rhesus macaques with rhesus cytomegalovirus (rhcmv) vectors expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) antigens (rhcmv/siv) elicits immune responses that stringently control highly pathogenic siv infection, with subsequent apparent clearance of the infection, in ~50% of vaccinees. in contrast, here, we show that therapeutic rhcmv/siv vaccination of rhesus macaques previously infected with siv and given continuous combination antiretroviral therapy (cart) beginning ... | 2018 | 30082858 |
| behavioral effect of chemogenetic inhibition is directly related to receptor transduction levels in rhesus monkeys. | we used inhibitory dreadds (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) to reversibly disrupt dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlpfc) function in male rhesus monkeys. monkeys were tested on a spatial delayed response task to assess working memory function after intramuscular injection of either clozapine-n-oxide (cno) or vehicle. cno injections given before dreadd transduction were without effect on behavior. raav5/hsyn-hm4di-mcherry was injected bilaterally into the dlpfc of five ... | 2018 | 30082415 |
| learning the meaning of new stimuli increases the cross-correlated activity of prefrontal neurons. | the prefrontal cortex (pf) has a key role in learning rules and generating associations between stimuli and responses also called conditional motor learning. previous studies in pf have examined conditional motor learning at the single cell level but not the correlation of discharges between neurons at the ensemble level. in the present study, we recorded from two rhesus monkeys in the dorsolateral and the mediolateral parts of the prefrontal cortex to address the role of correlated firing of si ... | 2018 | 30076326 |
| deuterium kinetic isotope effect studies of a potential in vivo metabolic trapping agent for monoamine oxidase b. | visualizing the in vivo activity of monoamine oxidase b (mao-b) is a valuable tool in the ongoing investigation of astrogliosis in neurodegeneration. existing strategies for imaging changes in mao enzyme expression or activity have utilized the irreversible suicide inhibitors or high-affinity reversibly binding inhibitors as positron emission tomography (pet) ligands. as an alternative approach, we developed 4-methyl-7-[(1-[11c]methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)oxy]-2 h-chromen-2-one ([11c]c ... | 2018 | 30074755 |
| an isolated limb infusion method allows for broad distribution of raavrh74.mck.galgt2 to leg skeletal muscles in the rhesus macaque. | recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav)rh74.mck.galgt2 is a muscle-specific gene therapy that is being developed to treat forms of muscular dystrophy. here we report on an isolated limb infusion technique in a non-human primate model, where hindlimb blood flow is transiently isolated using balloon catheters to concentrate vector in targeted leg muscles. a bilateral dose of 2.5 × 1013 vector genomes (vg)/kg/limb was sufficient to induce galgt2-induced glycosylation in 10%-60% of skeletal myofib ... | 2018 | 30073180 |
| toxicology study of intra-cisterna magna adeno-associated virus 9 expressing human alpha-l-iduronidase in rhesus macaques. | mucopolysaccharidosis type i is a recessive genetic disease caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme α-l-iduronidase, which leads to a neurodegenerative and systemic disease called hurler syndrome in its most severe form. several clinical trials are evaluating adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (aav9) for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. although these trials focus on systemic or lumbar administration, intrathecal administration via suboccipital puncture into the cisterna magna ha ... | 2018 | 30073179 |
| toxicology study of intra-cisterna magna adeno-associated virus 9 expressing iduronate-2-sulfatase in rhesus macaques. | hunter syndrome is an x-linked recessive disease caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase. the severe form of this progressive, systemic, and neurodegenerative disease results in loss of cognitive skills and early death. several clinical trials are evaluating adeno-associated virus 9 for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases using systemic or intrathecal lumbar administration. in large animals, administration via suboccipital puncture gives better brain transducti ... | 2018 | 30073178 |
| primary myxoid liposarcoma of the greater omentum in a rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta). | we here report a spontaneous case of primary myxoid liposarcoma of the greater omentum with subsequent transperitoneal recurrence. the primary mass was incidentally found during an exploratory laparotomy for a presumed diagnosis of trichobezoar or phytobezoar and was removed surgically. histopathologic examination of the mass revealed the presence of a myxoid liposarcoma. eleven months later, recurrence with severe transperitoneal sarcomatosis of the myxoid liposarcoma was noted and confirmed by ... | 2018 | 30071917 |
| nonnavigational spatial memory performance is unaffected by hippocampal damage in monkeys. | evidence that the hippocampus is critical for spatial memory in nonnavigational tests is mixed. a recent study reported that temporary hippocampal inactivation impaired spatial memory in the nonnavigational hamilton search task in monkeys. however, several studies have documented no impairment on other nonnavigational spatial memory tests following permanent hippocampal lesions. it was hypothesized that transient, but not permanent, hippocampal disruption produces deficits because monkeys underg ... | 2019 | 30069946 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis erdman infection of cynomolgus macaques of chinese origin. | nearly one-third of the population worldwide is estimated to have latent tuberculosis infection (ltbi), which represents a vast reservoir for a constant source of tuberculosis (tb) transmission. it has been suggested that cynomolgus macaques are less susceptible to mycobacterium tuberculosis (m.tb) infection than rhesus macaques, we examined m.tb infection of chinese cynomolgus macaques. | 2018 | 30069358 |
| rhesus monkeys metacognitively monitor memories of the order of events. | human working memory is a capacity- and duration-limited system in which retention and manipulation of information is subject to metacognitive monitoring and control. at least some nonhuman animals appear to also monitor and control the contents of working memory, but only relatively simple cases where animals monitor or control the presence or absence of single memories have been studied. here we combine a comparatively complex order memory task with methodology that assesses the capacity to in ... | 2018 | 30068995 |
| does calorie restriction in primates increase lifespan? revisiting studies on macaques (macaca mulatta) and mouse lemurs (microcebus murinus). | the effects of calorie restriction have now been studied in two non-human primates, the macaque macaca mulatta and the mouse lemur microcebus murinus. the study on lemurs and one of the two studies on macaques have reported a lifespan increase. in this review, i argue that these results are better explained by a lifespan decrease in the control group because of a bad diet and/or overfeeding, rather than by a real lifespan increase in calorie-restricted animals. if these results can be readily tr ... | 2018 | 30067295 |
| new minipromoter ple345 (nefl) drives strong and specific expression in retinal ganglion cells of mouse and primate retina. | retinal gene therapy is leading the neurological gene therapy field, with 32 ongoing clinical trials of recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav)-based therapies. importantly, over 50% of those trials are using restricted promoters from human genes. promoters that restrict expression have demonstrated increased efficacy and can limit the therapeutic to the target cells thereby reducing unwanted off-target effects. retinal ganglion cells are a critical target in ocular gene therapy; they are invo ... | 2019 | 30062914 |
| rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) sense isochrony in rhythm, but not the beat: additional support for the gradual audiomotor evolution hypothesis. | charles darwin suggested the perception of rhythm to be common to all animals. while only recently experimental research is finding some support for this claim, there are also aspects of rhythm cognition that appear to be species-specific, such as the capability to perceive a regular pulse (or beat) in a varying rhythm. in the current study, using eeg, we adapted an auditory oddball paradigm that allows for disentangling the contributions of beat perception and isochrony to the temporal predicta ... | 2018 | 30061809 |
| experimental microbial dysbiosis does not promote disease progression in siv-infected macaques. | intestinal microbial dysbiosis has been described in individuals with an hiv-1 infection and may underlie persistent inflammation in chronic infection, thereby contributing to disease progression. herein, we induced an hiv-1-like intestinal dysbiosis in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) with vancomycin treatment and assessed the contribution of dysbiosis to siv disease progression. dysbiotic and control animals had similar disease progression, indicating that intestinal microbial dysbiosis simila ... | 2018 | 30061696 |
| functional connectivity within the primate extended amygdala is heritable and associated with early-life anxious temperament. | children with an extremely inhibited, anxious temperament (at) are at increased risk for anxiety disorders and depression. using a rhesus monkey model of early-life at, we previously demonstrated that metabolism in the central extended amygdala (eac), including the central nucleus of the amygdala (ce) and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (bst), is associated with trait-like variation in at. here, we use fmri to examine relationships between ce-bst functional connectivity and at in a large mul ... | 2018 | 30061190 |
| species-specific changes in a primate transcription factor network provide insights into the molecular evolution of the primate prefrontal cortex. | the human prefrontal cortex (pfc) differs from that of other primates with respect to size, histology, and functional abilities. here, we analyzed genome-wide expression data of humans, chimpanzees, and rhesus macaques to discover evolutionary changes in transcription factor (tf) networks that may underlie these phenotypic differences. we determined the co-expression networks of all tfs with species-specific expression including their potential target genes and interaction partners in the pfc of ... | 2018 | 30059966 |
| exploring the neuromechanism of chronic ephedrine addiction in rhesus monkeys: a behavioural and brain resting-state fmri study. | ephedrine is thought to exert behavioural effects primarily through actions on the central nervous system. however, the neuromechanism underlying the effects of ephedrine addiction still remains unclear. our study aimed to establish chronic ephedrine addiction models in rhesus monkeys and to investigate the neuromechanism of chronic ephedrine addiction using the behavioural methods combined with resting-state blood oxygenation level dependent-functional magnetic resonance imaging (bold-fmri). mo ... | 2019 | 30059694 |
| plasmodium 18s rrna of intravenously administered sporozoites does not persist in peripheral blood. | plasmodium 18s rrna is a biomarker used to monitor blood-stage infections in malaria clinical trials. plasmodium sporozoites also express this biomarker, and there is conflicting evidence about how long sporozoite-derived 18s rrna persists in peripheral blood. if present in blood for an extended timeframe, sporozoite-derived 18s rrna could complicate use as a blood-stage biomarker. | 2018 | 30053881 |
| radiolabel validation of cortisol in the hair of rhesus monkeys. | analysis of cortisol in hair has become a widespread tool for assessment of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis activity because of its ease of collection and its ability to provide cumulative data over a period of months. in order to meaningfully interpret hair cortisol, however a direct validation by radio-metabolism is required to understand cortisol incorporation into hair. tritiated [3h]-cortisol was iv administered to adult rhesus monkeys to determine 1) if [3h] is found in the hair ... | 2018 | 30053699 |
| human polyclonal antibodies produced by transchromosomal cattle provide partial protection against lethal zaire ebolavirus challenge in rhesus macaques. | antibody therapy has been used to treat a variety of diseases and the success of zmapp and other monoclonal antibody-based therapies during the 2014-2016 west african ebola outbreak has shown this countermeasure can be a successful therapy for ebola hemorrhagic fever. this study utilized transchromosomal bovines (tcb) vaccinated with a dna plasmid encoding ebola virus glycoprotein sequence to produce human polyclonal antibodies directed against ebola virus glycoprotein. when administered 1 day p ... | 2018 | 30053153 |
| new insights into marburg virus disease pathogenesis in the rhesus macaque model. | previously, several studies have been performed to delineate the development and progression of marburg virus infection in nonhuman primates (nhps), primarily to clarify the mechanisms of severe (fatal) disease. after the 2013-2016 ebola virus disease (evd) epidemic in western africa, there has been a reassessment of the available filovirus animal models and the utility of these to faithfully recapitulate human disease. the high lethality of the nhp models has raised doubts as to their ability t ... | 2018 | 30053050 |
| focal optogenetic suppression in macaque area mt biases direction discrimination and decision confidence, but only transiently. | insights from causal manipulations of brain activity depend on targeting the spatial and temporal scales most relevant for behavior. using a sensitive perceptual decision task in monkeys, we examined the effects of rapid, reversible inactivation on a spatial scale previously achieved only with electrical microstimulation. inactivating groups of similarly tuned neurons in area mt produced systematic effects on choice and confidence. behavioral effects were attenuated over the course of each sessi ... | 2018 | 30051817 |
| beneficial effects of human anti-interleukin-15 antibody in gluten-sensitive rhesus macaques with celiac disease. | overexpression of interleukin-15 (il-15) is linked with immunopathology of several autoimmune disorders including celiac disease. here, we utilized an anti-human il-15 antibody 04h04 (anti-il-15) to reverse immunopathogenesis of celiac disease. anti-il-15 was administered to six gluten-sensitive rhesus macaques with celiac disease characteristics including gluten-sensitive enteropathy (gse), and the following celiac-related metrics were evaluated: morphology (villous height/crypt depth ratio) of ... | 2018 | 30050538 |
| the rhesus monkey hippocampus critically contributes to scene memory retrieval, but not new learning. | humans can recall a large number of memories years after the initial events. patients with amnesia often have lesions to the hippocampus, but human lesions are imprecise, making it difficult to identify the anatomy underlying memory impairments. rodent studies enable great precision in hippocampal manipulations, but not investigation of many interleaved memories. thus it is not known how lesions restricted to the hippocampus affect the retrieval of multiple sequentially encoded memories. further ... | 2018 | 30049888 |
| xenoantigen deletion and chemical immunosuppression can prolong renal xenograft survival. | xenotransplantation using pig organs could end the donor organ shortage for transplantation, but humans have xenoreactive antibodies that cause early graft rejection. genome editing can eliminate xenoantigens in donor pigs to minimize the impact of these xenoantibodies. here we determine whether an improved cross-match and chemical immunosuppression could result in prolonged kidney xenograft survival in a pig-to-rhesus preclinical model. | 2018 | 30048323 |
| evaluation of a mosaic hiv-1 vaccine in a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2a clinical trial (approach) and in rhesus monkeys (nhp 13-19). | more than 1·8 million new cases of hiv-1 infection were diagnosed worldwide in 2016. no licensed prophylactic hiv-1 vaccine exists. a major limitation to date has been the lack of direct comparability between clinical trials and preclinical studies. we aimed to evaluate mosaic adenovirus serotype 26 (ad26)-based hiv-1 vaccine candidates in parallel studies in humans and rhesus monkeys to define the optimal vaccine regimen to advance into clinical efficacy trials. | 2018 | 30047376 |
| figure and ground: how the visual cortex integrates local cues for global organization. | inferring figure-ground organization in two-dimensional images may require different complementary strategies. for isolated objects, it has been shown that mechanisms in visual cortex exploit the overall distribution of contours, but in images of cluttered scenes where the grouping of contours is not obvious, that strategy would fail. however, natural scenes contain local features, specifically contour junctions, that may contribute to the definition of object regions. to study the role of local ... | 2018 | 30044171 |
| clonal expansion of mitochondrial dna deletions is a private mechanism of aging in long-lived animals. | disruption of mitochondrial metabolism and loss of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) integrity are widely considered as evolutionarily conserved (public) mechanisms of aging (lópez-otín et al., cell, 153, 2013 and 1194). human aging is associated with loss in skeletal muscle mass and function (sarcopenia), contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality. muscle aging is associated with loss of mtdna integrity. in humans, clonally expanded mtdna deletions colocalize with sites of fiber breakage and ... | 2018 | 30043489 |
| in vivo imaging of inflammation and oxidative stress in a nonhuman primate model of cardiac sympathetic neurodegeneration. | loss of cardiac postganglionic sympathetic innervation is a characteristic pathology of parkinson's disease (pd). it progresses over time independently of motor symptoms and is not responsive to typical anti-parkinsonian therapies. cardiac sympathetic neurodegeneration can be mimicked in animals using systemic dosing of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ohda). as in pd, 6-ohda-induced neuronal loss is associated with increased inflammation and oxidative stress. to assess the feasibility of det ... | 2018 | 30038956 |
| assessment of bias in morphological identification of carnivore scats confirmed with molecular scatology in north-eastern himalayan region of pakistan. | scats are often used to study ecological parameters of carnivore species. however, field identification of carnivore scats, based on their morphological characteristics, becomes difficult if many carnivore species are distributed in the same area. we assessed error rates in morphological identification of five sympatric carnivores' scats in north-eastern himalayan region of pakistan during 2013-2017. a sample of 149 scats were subjected to molecular identification using fecal dna. we used a conf ... | 2018 | 30038872 |
| correlations between primary motor cortex activity with recent past and future limb motion during unperturbed reaching. | many studies highlight that human movements are highly successful yet display a surprising amount of variability from trial to trial. there is a consistent pattern of variability throughout movement: initial motor errors are corrected by the end of movement, suggesting the presence of a powerful online control process. here, we analyze the trial-by-trial variability of goal-directed reaching in nonhuman primates (five male rhesus monkeys) and demonstrate that they display a similar pattern of va ... | 2018 | 30037832 |
| live rubella vectors can express native hiv envelope glycoproteins targeted by broadly neutralizing antibodies and prime the immune response to an envelope protein boost. | following hiv infection, most people make antibodies to gp120 and gp41, yet only a few make broadly neutralizing antibodies that target key antigenic sites on the envelope glycoproteins. the induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies by immunization remains a major challenge of hiv vaccine research. difficulties include: variable protein sequence, epitopes that depend on the native conformation, glycosylation that conceals key antigenic determinants, and the assembly of env trimers that mimic ... | 2018 | 30037665 |
| effects of the extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on nmda-receptor gene expression and visual working memory in male rhesus macaques. | the present research aimed to examine visual working memory (vwm) test scores, as well as hormonal, genomic, and brain anatomic changes in the male rhesus macaques exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic field (elf-mf). | 2020 | 30034647 |
| social status predicts response to dietary cycling in female rhesus monkeys. | with the prevalence of obesity among women the united states surpassing 40%, it is critical to understand how environmental factors influence appetite, body fat accumulation, and the ability to lose weight and maintain weight loss. psychosocial stress exposure is a risk factor for increased consumption of calorically dense diets (cdd), which are high in fat and sugars and promote both increased food intake and weight gain. however, it remains unclear how appetite is affected by psychosocial fact ... | 2019 | 30032952 |
| in vitro and in vivo models of hiv latency. | latently infected cells are very infrequent in cd4+ t cells from antiretroviral (arv) treated individuals, with only approximately one in a million infected cd4+ t cells in blood. given the low frequency of infected cells in vivo, multiple in vitro latency models have been developed to facilitate investigations into mechanisms of hiv latency, as well as to enable the evaluation of pharmacological and immunological interventions aimed at depleting latently infected cells. these in vitro models in ... | 2019 | 30030796 |
| monkey models and hiv vaccine research. | since the discovery of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in 1981, it has been extremely difficult to develop an effective vaccine or a therapeutic cure despite over 36 years of global efforts. one of the major reasons is due to the lack of an immune-competent animal model that supports live human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and disease progression such that vaccine-induced correlates of protection and efficacy can be determined clearly before human trials. nevertheless, rhesus ... | 2019 | 30030791 |
| spatial frequency sensitivity in macaque midbrain. | visual brain areas exhibit tuning characteristics well suited for image statistics present in our natural environment. however, visual sensation is an active process, and if there are any brain areas that ought to be particularly in tune with natural scene statistics, it would be sensory-motor areas critical for guiding behavior. here we found that the rhesus macaque superior colliculus, a structure instrumental for rapid visual exploration with saccades, detects low spatial frequencies, which a ... | 2018 | 30030440 |
| age-related seroprevalence of antibodies against aav-lk03 in a uk population cohort. | recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav) vectors are a promising platform for in vivo gene therapy. the presence of neutralizing antibodies (nab) against aav capsids decreases cell transduction efficiency and is a common exclusion criterion for participation in clinical trials. novel engineered capsids are being generated to improve gene delivery to the target cells and facilitate success of clinical trials; however, the prevalence of antibodies against such capsids remains largely unknown. we ... | 2019 | 30027761 |
| a subset of palisade endings only in the medial and inferior rectus muscle in monkey contain calretinin. | to further chemically characterize palisade endings in extraocular muscles in rhesus monkeys. | 2018 | 30025142 |
| inferotemporal cortex multiplexes behaviorally-relevant target match signals and visual representations in a manner that minimizes their interference. | finding a sought visual target object requires combining visual information about a scene with a remembered representation of the target to create a "target match" signal that indicates when a target is in view. target match signals have been reported to exist within high-level visual brain areas including inferotemporal cortex (it), where they are mixed with representations of image and object identity. however, these signals are not well understood, particularly in the context of the real-worl ... | 2018 | 30024905 |
| macaque parvocellular mediodorsal thalamus: dissociable contributions to learning and adaptive decision-making. | distributed brain networks govern adaptive decision-making, new learning and rapid updating of information. however, the functional contribution of the rhesus macaque monkey parvocellular nucleus of the mediodorsal thalamus (mdpc) in these key higher cognitive processes remains unknown. this study investigated the impact of mdpc damage in cognition. preoperatively, animals were trained on an object-in-place scene discrimination task that assesses rapid learning of novel information within each s ... | 2019 | 30022540 |
| white matter tract anatomy in the rhesus monkey: a fiber dissection study. | brain connectivity in non-human primates (nhps) has been mainly investigated using tracer techniques and functional connectivity studies. data on structural connections are scarce and come from diffusion tensor imaging (dti), since gross anatomical white matter dissection studies in the nhp are lacking. the current study aims to illustrate the course and topography of the major white matter tracts in the macaque using klingler's fiber dissection. 10 hemispheres obtained from 5 primate brains (ma ... | 2018 | 30022250 |
| analysis of complement-mediated lysis of simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) and siv-infected cells reveals sex differences in vaccine-induced immune responses in rhesus macaques. | an effective human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) vaccine has yet to be developed, and defining immune correlates of protection against hiv infection is of paramount importance to inform future vaccine design. the complement system is a component of innate immunity that can directly lyse pathogens and shape adaptive immunity. to determine if complement lysis of simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) and/or siv-infected cells represents a protective immune correlate against siv infection, sera from pr ... | 2018 | 30021899 |
| erratum for the research article: "durability and correlates of vaccine protection against zika virus in rhesus monkeys" by p. abbink, r. a. larocca, k. visitsunthorn, m. boyd, r. a. de la barrera, g. d. gromowski, m. kirilova, r. peterson, z. li, o. nanayakkara, r. nityanandam, n. b. mercado, e. n. borducchi, a. chandrashekar, d. jetton, s. mojta, p. gandhi, j. lesuer, s. khatiwada, m. g. lewis, k. modjarrad, r. g. jarman, k. h. eckels, s. j. thomas, n. l. michael, d. h. barouch. | 2018 | 30021887 | |
| effects of an actriib.fc ligand trap on cardiac function in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected male rhesus macaques. | an important safety consideration in the use of antagonists of myostatin and activins is whether these drugs induce myocardial hypertrophy and impair cardiac function. the current study evaluated the effects of a soluble actriib receptor fc fusion protein (actriib.fc), a ligand trap for tgf-β/activin family members including myostatin, on myocardial mass and function in simian immunodeficiency virus (siv)-infected juvenile rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). fourteen pair-housed, juvenile male rhe ... | 2018 | 30019021 |
| critical analysis of a doxycycline treatment trial of rhesus macaques infected with borrelia burgdorferi. | a critical analysis was conducted of a doxycycline treatment trial of indian rhesus macaques. in this treatment trial, the investigators attempted to infect the primates with borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto by at least 10 tick bites from artificially infected ticks. none of the primates became ill; nevertheless, 5 primates were treated with a 28-day course of oral doxycycline. in contrast to the conclusions of the authors, the data did not convincingly document the existence of viable b. burg ... | 2018 | 30017315 |
| behavioral impact of long-term chronic implantation of neural recording devices in the rhesus macaque. | ensemble recording methods are pervasive in basic and clinical neuroscience research. invasive neural implants are used in patients with drug resistant epilepsy to localize seizure origin, in neuropsychiatric or parkinson's patients to alleviate symptoms via deep brain stimulation, and with animal models to conduct basic research. studies addressing the brain's physiological response to chronic electrode implants demonstrate that the mechanical trauma of insertion is followed by an acute inflamm ... | 2019 | 30016006 |
| t-cell subset differentiation and antibody responses following antiretroviral therapy during simian immunodeficiency virus infection. | antiretroviral therapy (art) for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection represents a major breakthrough in the treatment of hiv/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome. however, it remains unclear how art influences virus-specific immune responses and understanding this is important for developing novel cure and eradication interventions for hiv-1. in the present study, we evaluate how art impacts t-cell and antibody responses in simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) -infected r ... | 2018 | 30014618 |
| serum antibodies against simian virus 40 large t antigen, the viral oncoprotein, in osteosarcoma patients. | human osteosarcoma (os) is a rare human cancer, mostly occurring in children and adolescents. simian virus 40 (sv40 = macaca mulatta polyomavirus 1) sequences have been detected in different human cancers, including osteosarcoma. sv40 is an oncogenic virus in vivo, whereas it transforms different kinds of mammalian cells, as well as distinct human cell types. sv40 injected in rodents induces tumors of different histotypes, such as bone and brain tumors. herein, the association between os and sv4 ... | 2018 | 30013971 |
| a spike-modified middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) infectious clone elicits mild respiratory disease in infected rhesus macaques. | the recurrence of new human cases of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) underscores the need for effective therapeutic countermeasures. nonhuman primate models are considered the gold standard for preclinical evaluation of therapeutic countermeasures. however, mers-cov-induced severe respiratory disease in humans is associated with high viral loads in the lower respiratory tract, which may be difficult to achieve in nonhuman primate models. considering this limitation, we wa ... | 2018 | 30013082 |
| neuronal correlates of serial decision-making in the supplementary eye field. | human behavior is influenced by serial decision-making: past decisions affect choices that set the context for selecting future options. a primate brain region that may be involved in linking decisions across time is the supplementary eye field (sef), which, in addition to its well known visual responses and saccade-related activity, also signals the rules that govern flexible decisions and the outcomes of those decisions. our hypotheses were that sef neurons encode events during serial decision ... | 2018 | 30012690 |
| amygdala lesions eliminate viewing preferences for faces in rhesus monkeys. | in free-viewing experiments, primates orient preferentially toward faces and face-like stimuli. to investigate the neural basis of this behavior, we measured the spontaneous viewing preferences of monkeys with selective bilateral amygdala lesions. the results revealed that when faces and nonface objects were presented simultaneously, monkeys with amygdala lesions had no viewing preference for either conspecific faces or illusory facial features in everyday objects. instead of directing eye movem ... | 2018 | 30012600 |
| fully human immunoglobulin g from transchromosomic bovines treats nonhuman primates infected with ebola virus makona isolate. | transchromosomic bovines (tc-bovines) adaptively produce fully human polyclonal immunoglobulin (ig)g antibodies after exposure to immunogenic antigen(s). the national interagency confederation for biological research and collaborators rapidly produced and then evaluated anti-ebola virus igg immunoglobulins (collectively termed sab-139) purified from tc-bovine plasma after sequential hyperimmunization with an ebola virus makona isolate glycoprotein nanoparticle vaccine. sab-139 was characterized ... | 2018 | 30010950 |
| large-scale, high-resolution comparison of the core visual object recognition behavior of humans, monkeys, and state-of-the-art deep artificial neural networks. | primates, including humans, can typically recognize objects in visual images at a glance despite naturally occurring identity-preserving image transformations (e.g., changes in viewpoint). a primary neuroscience goal is to uncover neuron-level mechanistic models that quantitatively explain this behavior by predicting primate performance for each and every image. here, we applied this stringent behavioral prediction test to the leading mechanistic models of primate vision (specifically, deep, con ... | 2018 | 30006365 |
| stereological analysis of the rhesus monkey entorhinal cortex. | the entorhinal cortex is a prominent structure of the medial temporal lobe, which plays a pivotal role in the interaction between the neocortex and the hippocampal formation in support of declarative and spatial memory functions. we implemented design-based stereological techniques to provide estimates of neuron numbers, neuronal soma size, and volume of different layers and subdivisions of the entorhinal cortex in adult rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta; 5-9 years of age). these data corroborate t ... | 2018 | 30004581 |
| systematic assessment of food item preference and reinforcer effectiveness: enhancements in training laboratory-housed rhesus macaques. | the use of systematic preference assessments can enhance positive reinforcement training with captive animals. we found that the multiple stimulus without replacement (mswo) technique identified food preferences in laboratory housed rhesus macaques, with raisins and grapes being ranked higher on average than dried apricot, pasta, and green beans (friedman test, χ2 (4) = 35.52, p < .001). agreement between individuals (n = 21) was moderate (kendall's w = 0.42), and consistency across time varied ... | 2018 | 30003936 |
| relationships of carotenoid-related gene expression and serum cholesterol and lipoprotein levels to retina and brain lutein deposition in infant rhesus macaques following 6 months of breastfeeding or formula feeding. | the purpose of this study was to investigate if the enhanced bioaccumulation of lutein in retina and brain of breastfed, compared to formula-fed, infant monkeys was associated with higher levels of serum total and hdl cholesterol, apolipoproteins, or mrna/protein expression of carotenoid-related genes. newborn rhesus macaques were either breastfed, fed a carotenoid-supplemented formula, or fed an unsupplemented formula for 6 months (n = 8, 8, 7). real-time qpcr and western blotting were performe ... | 2018 | 30003875 |
| decoding unconstrained arm movements in primates using high-density electrocorticography signals for brain-machine interface use. | motor deficit is among the most debilitating aspects of injury to the central nervous system. despite ongoing progress in brain-machine interface (bmi) development and in the functional electrical stimulation of muscles and nerves, little is understood about how neural signals in the brain may be used to potentially control movement in one's own unconstrained paralyzed limb. we recorded from high-density electrocorticography (ecog) electrode arrays in the ventral premotor cortex (pmv) of a rhesu ... | 2018 | 30002452 |
| gammaherpesvirus infection and malignant disease in rhesus macaques experimentally infected with siv or shiv. | human gammaherpesviruses are associated with malignancies in hiv infected individuals; in macaques used in non-human primate models of hiv infection, gammaherpesvirus infections also occur. limited data on prevalence and tumorigenicity of macaque gammaherpesviruses, mostly cross-sectional analyses of small series, are available. we comprehensively examine all three-rhesus macaque gammaherpesviruses -rhesus rhadinovirus (rrv), rhesus lymphocryptovirus (rlcv) and retroperitoneal fibromatosis herpe ... | 2018 | 30001436 |
| dual contributions of noradrenaline to behavioural flexibility and motivation. | while several theories have highlighted the importance of the noradrenergic system for behavioral flexibility, a number of recent studies have also shown a role for noradrenaline in motivation, particularly in effort processing. here, we designed a novel sequential cost/benefit decision task to test the causal influence of noradrenaline on these two functions in rhesus monkeys. | 2018 | 29998349 |
| simian immunodeficiency virus persistence in cellular and anatomic reservoirs in antiretroviral therapy-suppressed infant rhesus macaques. | worldwide, nearly two million children are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), with breastfeeding accounting for the majority of contemporary hiv transmissions. antiretroviral therapy (art) has reduced hiv-related morbidity and mortality but is not curative. the main barrier to a cure is persistence of latent hiv in long-lived reservoirs. however, our understanding of the cellular and anatomic sources of the hiv reservoir during infancy and childhood is limited. here, we developed ... | 2018 | 29997216 |
| circulating monocytes accelerate acute liver failure by il-6 secretion in monkey. | acute liver failure (alf) is associated with high mortality, and a poor understanding of the underlying pathophysiology has resulted in a lack of effective treatments so far. here, using an amatoxin-induced rhesus monkey model of alf, we panoramically revealed the cellular and molecular events that lead to the development of alf. the challenged monkeys with toxins underwent a typical course of alf including severe hepatic injury, systemic inflammation and eventual death. adaptive immune was not ... | 2018 | 29992739 |
| microglia: an intrinsic component of the proliferative zones in the fetal rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) cerebral cortex. | microglial cells are increasingly recognized as modulators of brain development. we previously showed that microglia colonize the cortical proliferative zones in the prenatal brain and regulate the number of precursor cells through phagocytosis. to better define cellular interactions between microglia and proliferative cells, we performed lentiviral vector-mediated intraventricular gene transfer to induce enhanced green fluorescent protein expression in fetal cerebrocortical cells. tissues were ... | 2019 | 29992243 |
| cd24 and fc fusion protein protects sivmac239-infected chinese rhesus macaque against progression to aids. | chronic immune activation and systemic inflammation are underlying causes of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). products of virus replication and microbial translocation, co-infection or opportunistic pathogens, and danger-associated molecular patterns have been reported to contribute to chronic immune activation and inflammation in human immunodeficiency virus type-1/simian immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1/siv) infection or other disease. to develop new strategies and therapies for hiv-1/a ... | 2018 | 29983395 |
| efficacy of human monoclonal antibody monotherapy against bundibugyo virus infection in nonhuman primates. | the 2013-2016 ebola virus disease (evd) epidemics in west africa highlighted a need for effective therapeutics for treatment of the disease caused by filoviruses. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) are promising therapeutic candidates for prophylaxis or treatment of virus infections. data about efficacy of human mab monotherapy against filovirus infections in preclinical nonhuman primate models are limited. | 2018 | 29982718 |
| a replicating single-cycle adenovirus vaccine against ebola virus. | recent west african ebola virus (ebov) epidemics have led to testing different anti-ebov vaccines, including a replication-defective adenovirus (rd-ad) vector (chad3-ebov) and an infectious, replication-competent recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the ebov glycoprotein (rvsv-ebov; also known as rvsv-zebov). while rd-ads elicit protection, when scaled up to human trials, the level of protection may be much lower than that of vaccines containing viruses that can replicate. although ... | 2018 | 29982595 |
| role of kisspeptin and neurokinin b signaling in male rhesus monkey puberty. | despite the well-established concept that an increase in pulsatile gnrh release triggers puberty, the precise signaling mechanism responsible for the pubertal increase in gnrh release remains unclear. a recent study indicates that developmental changes in the network formation between kisspeptin and neurokinin b (nkb) signaling greatly contribute to the pubertal increase in gnrh release in female monkeys. it is, however, unknown whether similar developmental changes in the kisspeptin and nkb net ... | 2018 | 29982393 |
| long-term effects of curcumin in the non-human primate brain. | curcumin has recently been shown to be a potential treatment for slowing or ameloriating cognitive decline during aging in our nonhuman primate model of normal aging. in these same monkeys, we studied for the first time the neurological impacts of long-term curcumin treatments using longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (mri). sixteen rhesus monkeys received curcumin or a vehicle control for 14-18 months. we applied a combination of structural and diffusion mri to determine whether the curcumi ... | 2018 | 29981358 |
| narrow-band, long-wavelength lighting promotes hyperopia and retards vision-induced myopia in infant rhesus monkeys. | the purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of narrow band, long-wavelength lighting on normal refractive development and the phenomena of lens compensation and form-deprivation myopia (fdm) in infant rhesus monkeys. starting at 24 and continuing until 151 days of age, 27 infant rhesus monkeys were reared under long-wavelength led lighting (630 nm; illuminance = 274 ± 64 lux) with unrestricted vision (red light (rl) controls, n = 7) or a +3 d (+3d-rl, n = 7), -3 d (-3d-rl, n = ... | 2018 | 29981345 |
| determination of major histocompatibility class i and class ii genetic composition of the caribbean primate center specific pathogen-free rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) colony based on massively parallel sequencing. | knowledge of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) composition and distribution in rhesus macaque colonies is critical for management strategies that maximize the utility of this model for biomedical research. | 2018 | 29971797 |
| hormonal regulation of oviductal glycoprotein 1 (ovgp1; muc9) in the rhesus macaque cervix. | macaques are outstanding animal models for the development of new contraceptives. in women, progestin-only contraceptives often fail to block ovulation and are believed to act by altering cervix physiology. herein, we assessed oviductal glycoprotein 1 (ovgp1) in the macaque cervix as a marker for progestogen action. | 2018 | 29971796 |
| identification of functional cell groups in the abducens nucleus of monkey and human by perineuronal nets and choline acetyltransferase immunolabeling. | the abducens nucleus (nvi) contains several functional cell groups: motoneurons of the singly-innervated twitch muscle fibers (sif) and those of the multiply-innervated muscle fibers (mif) of the lateral rectus muscle (lr), internuclear neurons (ints) projecting to the contralateral oculomotor nucleus (niii) and paramedian tract-neurons (pmt) that receive input from premotor neurons of the oculomotor system and project to the floccular region. in monkey, these cell populations can be delineated ... | 2018 | 29970992 |
| in vivo manganese tract tracing of frontal eye fields in rhesus macaques with ultra-high field mri: comparison with dwi tractography. | the saccadic eye movement system has emerged as a valuable model for studying neural circuitry related to flexible control of behavior. although connections of the saccadic circuitry are well documented via histochemical tracers, these methods require fixed tissue and thus cannot provide longitudinal assessments of connectivity. to circumvent this, diffusion weighted imaging (dwi) is often used as a proxy for connectivity in vivo, allowing for the tracing of connections longitudinally and noninv ... | 2018 | 29964189 |
| limited modulation of the abuse-related behavioral effects of d-methamphetamine by disulfiram. | disulfiram (antabuse), an acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and dopamine-beta hydroxylase inhibitor, has shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies as a pharmacotherapy for cocaine addiction. however, the extent to which disulfiram may alter the abuse-related behavioral effects of related psychostimulants, such as methamphetamine, is unknown. here, the therapeutic potential of disulfiram was evaluated by examining its impact on the reinforcing and discriminative stimulus effects of d-methampheta ... | 2018 | 29963872 |
| [advances in the animal models of mers-cov]. | the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) was first isolated in 2012 from patients that died from severe pneumonia. it was another coronavirus which resulted in severe infection of humans, apart from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. the development of an appropriate animal model is necessary to study the pathogenesis and to evaluate the intervening measures against mers-cov infection. to date, several small animals(e.g., mice, syrian hamsters, and ferrets) hav ... | 2016 | 29963837 |
| [metagenomic analysis of wild rhesus monkey virome in longhu mountain in guangxi area, china]. | several viruses have been found in non-human primates, among which some are pathogenic to humans. to further characterize the spectrum of viruses present in wild rhesus monkeys, miseq high-throughput sequencing were used to analyze 280 fecal samples collected from guangxi, china. a total of 23,372,679 reads were obtained, of which 4,641 were annotated to 27 viral families or subfamilies, including five vertebrate viruses families(78.2%),six insect virus families(5.5%),eleven plant virus families ... | 2016 | 29962198 |
| high-resolution 3d diffusion tensor mri of anesthetized rhesus macaque brain at 3t. | diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dmri) has been widely used to investigate human brain microstructure and connectivity and its abnormalities in a variety of brain deficits, whether acute, neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative. however, the biological interpretation and validation of dmri data modelling is still a crucial challenge in the field. in this respect, achieving high spatial resolution in-vivo dmri in the non-human primate to compare these observations both with human dmri on the ... | 2018 | 29960088 |
| evaluation of two potent and selective pet radioligands to image cox-1 and cox-2 in rhesus monkeys. | this study assessed whether the newly developed pet radioligands 11c-ps13 and 11c-mc1 could image constitutive levels of cyclooxygenase (cox)-1 and cox-2, respectively, in rhesus monkeys. methods: after intravenous injection of either radioligand, 24 whole-body pet scans were performed. to measure enzyme-specific uptake, scans of the 2 radioligands were also performed after administration of a nonradioactive drug preferential for either cox-1 or cox-2. concurrent venous samples were obtained to ... | 2018 | 29959215 |