Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| specific inhibition of hepatic fatty acid synthesis exerted by dietary linoleate and linolenate in essential fatty acid adequate rats. | dietary linoleate and linolenate were investigated for their ability to specifically inhibit liver and adipose tissue lipogenesis in meal-fed (access to food 900-1,200 hr), essential fatty acid (efa) adequate rats. supplementing a high carbohydrate diet containing 2.5% safflower oil with 3% palmitate 16:0, oleate 18:1, or linoleate 18:2 did not affect in vivo liver or adipose tissue fatty acid synthesis. however, 18:2 addition to the basal diet did result in a significant (p less than 0.05) decl ... | 1976 | 933724 |
| free radical theory of aging: effect of dietary fat on central nervous system function. | free radical reactions have been implicated in aging. a rise in the level of random free radical reactions in a biologic system might have a greater effect on the central nervous system (cns) than elsewhere, partly because of the presence of glial cells and the unique connections between neurons. to evaluate this possibility, some animal experiments were conducted. the initial experiment involved old male sprague-dawley rats fed (since shortly after weaning) with semisynthetic diets characterize ... | 1976 | 932378 |
| influence in rats of dietary fats during the perinatal period: effects upon brain chemistry of dams and offspring. | female rats were fed a purified ration containing 20% fat during gestation and lactation and the offspring were fed a commercial ration after weaning. the fat content of the purified ration was butter oil, a mixture of equal parts of butter oil and lard, or safflower oil. brains of the dams were analyzed 1 month after parturition and brains of the offspring were analyzed when they were 20 weeks of age. brains of the dams and offspring fed the safflower oil (about 75% linoleic acid) exhibited cha ... | 1977 | 931151 |
| influence in rats of dietary fats during the perinatal period: effects upon development and behavior of dams and offspring. | female rats were fed purified rations containing 20% fat during gestation and lactation. the fat content was butter oil, an equal mixture of butter oil and lard, or safflower oil. each litter size was reduced (at random) to 2 male and 2 female pups 1 day postpartum, and these offspring were feed a commercial ration after weaning and until they were 20 weeks of age. when dams were fed safflower oil, fewer of them produced litters after mating, and their behavior during lactation was less than opt ... | 1977 | 931150 |
| electrocardiograms of male rats fed rapeseed oil. | frontal plane electrocardiograms (standard limb leads) were recorded on male sprague-dawley rats fed for 14 weeks on semisynthetic diets containing 20% (by weight) of brassica napus cv. tower or b. campestris cv. span rapeseed oil or fractions isolated from span rapeseed oil. control diets were rat chow or semisynthetic diets containing 20% (by weight) of either safflower oil or corn oil. the amplitude of the p, q, r, s, and t waves, the duration of the p wave, qrs complex, and p-r interval, and ... | 1977 | 922586 |
| development of perirenal adipose tissue in the neonatal lamb: effects of dietary safflower oil. | perirenal adipose tissue development was investigated in lambs from birth until 17 days of age. changes in the morphology, the lipid, protein, rna and dna content, the adipocyte number and size, and the rate of protein, rna and dna synthesis of the perirenal fat-pads are reported. during the first 9 days after birth the tissue lost the morphological characteristics of brown adipose tissue and acquired those of white adipose tissue. as there was no change in either the number of adipocytes or the ... | 1977 | 901878 |
| effect of dietary fats on oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid profile of rat liver mitochondria. | hydrogenated coconut oil or safflower seed oil were fed at 20% levels to weanling male albino rats for 2 months. the fatty acid patterns of the liver homogenates, mitochondria and the microsomes were determined by gas chromatography as were also the fatty acid patterns of the liver cholesterol esters and the phospholipids. the mitochondrial phospholipids were fractionated by thin layer chromatography and the fatty acid moieties of the individual phospholipids were screened on a gas chromatograph ... | 1977 | 894359 |
| effects of certain cations on the formation and infectivity of phytophthora zoospores. 2. effects of copper, boron, cobalt, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc ions. | the effects of copper, boron, cobalt, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc on the production of zoosporangia by p. cinnamomi and p. drechsleri in the presence of favourable concentrations of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and iron were investigated. copper ions were the most effective in reducing the numbers of zoosporangia formed by both fungal species. molybdenum was also slightly inhibitory. total inhibition of mycelial growth occurred between 1 and 5 x 10(-5) m cu2+ whereas total inhibition of sp ... | 1977 | 890599 |
| studies of effects of trans fatty acids in the diet on lipid metabolism in essential fatty acid deficient rats. | effects of diets containing mixtures of safflower oil, hydrogenated coconut oil with elaidate of linolelaidate on growth, fatty acid composition, serum lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase (lcat) and postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activities in essential fatty acid (efa) deficient rats were determined. addition of trans fatty acids to the diet lowered the growth response to linoleic acid. both elaidate and linolelaidate accumulated in the serum and liver, imparied the conversion of olei ... | 1977 | 879068 |
| influence of dietary fat on fatty livers of choline-deficient rats. | our purpose was to evaluate the influence of type of dietary fat on nature and severity of liver lipid changes induced in male weanling rats by low choline diets. beef tallow, a blend of tallow and safflower oil (so) each provided 48% of total energy value of a control diet and a low choline diet. livers from choline-deficient rats fed tallow, blend, or so diets contained approximately 4.5, 5, and 2.5 times as much lipid, respectively, as livers from corresponding control groups. liver lipids fr ... | 1977 | 874570 |
| effect of dietary linoleate on synthesis and degradation of fatty acid synthetase from rat liver. | the induction of fatty acid synthetase activity in rat liver is markedly reduced by feeding a diet containing a source of linoleate. within 48 h after changing from a fat-free, high carbohydrate diet to one containing 15% by weight of safflower oil, the specific activity of rat liver fatty acid synthetase is approximately 2-fold lower than that from rats fed a fat-free diet througout. in contrast, feeding a diet containing 15% hydrogenated coconut oil, a source of saturated fatty acids, or 5% me ... | 1977 | 863926 |
| the occurrence of 12, 13-epoxytrichothecenes in seeds of safflower infected with fusarium oxysporum f. sp. carthami. | from the seeds of safflower (carthamus tinctorius linn.), infected with fusarium oxysporum f. sp. carthami, 3 toxic compounds have been isolated in quantities sufficient to cause mycotoxicosis on prolonged ingestion. 2 of these have been identified as diacetoxyscirpenol and t-2 toxin, while the third one has also been partially characterized as a 12, 13-epoxytrichothecene. additionally, the incidence of secondary fusarial infection of healthy seeds due to contamination with the infected ones has ... | 1977 | 862770 |
| distribution and metabolism of polyacetylenes in safflower. | safflower seedlings, tissues and subcellular fractions were used to investigate the distribution and biosynthesis of polyacetylenes. the polyacetylenes rapidly increased during germination, but were not detected in mature seeds. the polyacetylenes in the seedlings accumulated mainly in cotyledons rather than in hypocotyls and roots. polyacetylenic hydrocarbons were distributed in the microsomes obtained from leaves and roots of the mature plants, while polyacetylenic epoxide was found in chlorop ... | 1977 | 861234 |
| influence of fasting-refeeding and dietary linoleate on liver glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and phospholipid fatty acid composition in rats adapted to a purified diet. | responses to refeeding after fasting were studied in male rats fed a purified casein-sucrose diet containing 5% safflower oil. after a 48 hr fast, the rats were fed either the same diet or the same diet minus oil (fat-free diet). these experiments were designed to distinguish changes due to fasting and refeeding alone without a change of diet from those changes caused by refeeding a diet of different composition. in the first experiment, rats were refed for 3 or 7 days. in rats refed either diet ... | 1977 | 857113 |
| hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-a reductase of rats fed semipurified and stock diets. | rat hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-a reductase (hmg-coa reductase) was found to be lower in rats fed a semipurified diet of sucrose, casein, and cellulose with a mixture of safflower oil and stripped lard than those fed a stock diet: 0.115 versus 0.447 nmoles mevalonic acid formed/minute/mg microsomal protein. efforts were made to find the substances in the stock diet responsible for the higher enzyme activity. neither the addition of small amounts of cholesterol or plant sterols to ... | 1977 | 845681 |
| lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase activity in the serum of rats fed saturated and unsaturated fats. | groups of rats were fed diets containing either butter, beef, fat or safflower oil. after 20 or 70 days of feeding, blood was taken from the animals in a postabsorptive state. serum lipid levels and lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase activity were measured. feeding the different fats did not alter serum total cholesterol levels but free cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly lower in the safflower oil-fed group. net cholesterol esterification in vitro was also significantly depress ... | 1977 | 836358 |
| effect of type of dietary fat, cholesterol and chenodeoxycholic acid on gallstone formation, bile acid kinetics and plasma lipids in squirrel monkeys. | to explore the effect of type of dietary fat, cholesterol and chenodeoxycholic acid on gallstone formation, bile formation, bile composition, bile acid kinetics and plasma lipids in squirrel monkeys, 39 monkeys were studied using seven different diets. safflower oil, a highly unsaturated fat, added to a diet with cholesterol resulted in at least as high an incidence of cholesterol gallstones as butter added to the same diet. on the other hand, diets with high levels of saturated or unsaturated f ... | 1976 | 820839 |
| depression of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase esterification in vitamin e-deficient monkeys. | vitamin e deficiency in two species of monkeys (capuchins and cynamolgus) reduced the in vitro cholesterol esterification by plasma lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase. the reduction was greates in the most deficient species and in animals fed a diet rich in polyunsaturated fat (safflower oil) stripped of vitamin e. the best correlate of total esterification was the plasma concentration of free cholesterol which reflected the degree of hyperlipidemia, found to be greatest in capuchins fed cocon ... | 1975 | 808956 |
| evaluation of chromic oxide, glycerol triether, and beta-sitosterol as fecal flow markers in two species of nonhuman primates. | recovery of beta-sitosterol, glycerol triether (1-hexadecyl-2,3-didodecyl glycerol triether), and chromic oxide was studied in african green monkeys and stumptail macaques consuming diets containing 0.75 mg/cal cholesterol and 38% of calories as safflower oil or butter. following oral administration of these compounds, feces were collected daily for 9 days. for all animals, excretion of beta-sitosterol and glycerol triether paralleled one another almost exactly. except for two animals, this was ... | 1975 | 804580 |
| essential fatty acid deficiency in four adult patients during total parenteral nutrition. | four undernourished adults (15%-37% below idealll body weight) received fat-free total parenteral nutrition for a period of 6 to 8 weeks. chemical evidence of essential fatty acid deficiency (triene:tetraene ratio greater than 0.4) appeared in all patients during the first 3 weeks of treatment. deficiency developed more rapidly in the two patients who were younger (ages 16 and 36) and more severely undernourished (26% and 37% below ideal body weight) than in the two older patients (62 and 76) wh ... | 1975 | 804247 |
| effects of essential fatty acid deficiency on prostaglandin synthesis and fatty acid composition in rat renal medulla. | studies are reported on the capacity of isolated rat renal papilla (inner medulla) to synthesize and release prostaglandin (pg) e from endogenous and exogenous precursor(s) during development of an essential fatty acid (efa) deficiency in the rat. weanling (21-day-old) male sprague-dawley rats were fed a fat-free diet supplemented with either 5% hydrogenated coconut oil (hco) or 5% safflower oil (so). at approximately 3, 6 and 7 weeks (6. 9 and 10 weeks of age), groups of animals fed each diet w ... | 1978 | 750830 |
| fat induced hypertension in rabbits. 2. the effect of feeding diets containing high concentrations of safflower oil and palm oil [proceedings]. | 1978 | 733792 | |
| effects of dietary fats on the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coa reductase and sterol synthesis in the liver of fasted-refed rats. | the time course of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coa (hmg-coa) reductase activity and lipogenesis and cholesterogenesis from 1-14c-acetate and 2-14c-mevalonate was examined in the liver of rats refed diets containing different fats at the 10% level after 48 hr fasting. fasting caused a profound depression of the reductase activity and sterol and fatty acid synthesis. in rats refed for 30 hr, the activity of hmg-coa reductase was restored to about one-half of the level observed in prefasting rats, i ... | 1978 | 731337 |
| essential fatty acids (efa) deficiency and liver mitochondria. | 2 dietary fats, namely, hydrogenated coconut oil and safflower seed oil were fed at 20% levels to weanling male albino rats for a period of 2 months after which the animals were sacrificed and oxidative phosphorylation measured in liver mitochondria. this ratio was more in the unsaturated-fat-fed group of rats compared to the saturated-fed ones for glutamate and malate; in the case of succinate no such change was noticed. | 1978 | 729709 |
| nutritional evaluation of oilseeds and legumes as protein supplements to cereals. | several oilseed and legume protein products were fed to rats as the sole source of dietary protein, and in blends with cereals for the determination of protein efficiency ratio (per) and biological availability of amino acids. in addition oilseed protein isolates were fed to mice for the determination of per. results of the mouse study revealed that the adjusted per (casein = 100)for target rapeseed isolate (108) was higher than those of sunflower (74), safflower (77), soybean (86) or flax (92) ... | 1978 | 727022 |
| the biosynthesis of linoleate from oleoyl-coa via oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine in microsomes of developing safflower seeds. | microsomes prepared from developing safflower seeds rapidly desaturated added [14c]oleoyl-coa in the presence of nadh. the distribution of [14c]oleate and [14c]linoleate between different lipid classes revealed that phosphatidylcholine was labelled with [14c]linoleate before any other lipid class investigated. considerable desaturation continued after the disappearance of [14c]oleoyl-coa in the reaction mixture. no [14c]linoleoyl-coa could be detected. incubation in the absence of added nadh cau ... | 1978 | 710426 |
| dietary fat and cholesterol metabolism in adult rats undergoing rapid tissue repletion. | an experimental model in which adult rats underwent rapid rates of tissue repletion after dietary restriction served to explore the influence of dietary fat on cholesterol metabolism. adult rats severely restricted in protein and energy were refed either 8 or 24 hours per day for 10 days. refeeding diets contained approximately 0% or 20% fat by weight as safflower oil or beef tallow and 4% or 17% protein on an energy basis. concentration or source of dietary fat did not significantly influence e ... | 1978 | 660309 |
| regulation by dietary fats of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase in rat liver. | the effects of various dietary fats on the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a (hmg-coa) reductase in rat liver microsomes, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterogenesis, were examined. a series of experiments demonstrated the dependency of the hmg-coa reductase activity on the nature of dietary fats. when saturated fats with chain length of 12 to 18 were the dietary sources and were fed at the 10% level for 19 days, feeding fats with shorter chain fatty acids caused a lower enzyme ... | 1978 | 632948 |
| effect of major nutrient substitutions on body weight gain, blood glucose and cholesterol levels, and the rate of drug metabolism in the liver. | rats were fed diets resembling a normal human diet, except that, in a complete factorial fashion, safflower oil and/or mineral oil were substituted for part of the fat, while fructose, lactose and/or cellulose were substituted for carbohydrate, and zein was substituted for milk protein. food intake and weight gain were not influenced by cellulose and mineral oil, but zein decreased both substantially. plasma cholesterol was unchanged by safflower oil or mineral oil but was decreased by fructose. ... | 1978 | 632010 |
| effects of age, diet and lactation on lipogenesis in rat adipose, liver and mammary tissues. | four diets varying in safflower oil content from zero to 20% were used in a study of interactions among diet and physiological state. increasing fat in the diet did not alter food intakes but decreased digestibility coefficients. increasing safflower oil intake did not alter milk fat content in lactating rats but increased relative amounts of unsaturated fatty acids in milk fat. in liver and perirenal adipose tissues from young male and non-lactating female rats, low fat diets increased rates of ... | 1978 | 627923 |
| the relationship of fatty acid composition and surface activity of lung extracts. | male weanling rats were fed fat-free diets supplemented with 4% (w/w) safflower oil (control) or 4% tripalmitin (essential fatty acid (efa) deficient) for 14 weeks. whereas the amount of lecithin in lung lavage material remained unchanged, lung lavage lecithin from efa-deficient rats contained significantly less palmitic acid (61.4 +/- 2.0% vs. 77.4 +/- 5.8%, p less than 0.01) than that from controls. surface tension vs. area hysteresis loops were obtained for total lipid extracts (tle) of lung ... | 1978 | 580481 |
| labelling of glycerolipids in the cotyledons of developing oilseeds by [1-14c] acetate and [2-3h] glycerol. | 1. 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine was identified as the major lipid in cotyledons from the developing seeds of soya bean, linseed and safflower when tissue was steamed before lipid extraction. the proportion of oleate in this lipid decreased markedly and that of the polyunsaturated c(18) fatty acids increased when detached developing cotyledons were incubated for up to 3h. similar but less pronounced changes occurred in diacylglycerol, which had a fatty acid composition resembling that of the 3-sn-pho ... | 1978 | 580379 |
| effect of dietary oil, cholesterol, and soysterols on the lipid concentration and fatty acid composition of egg yolk, liver and serum of laying hens. | effect of dietary lipid factors (saturated and unsaturated oil, zoo and phytosterols) on the lipid concentration and fatty acid composition of egg yolk, liver and serum of the laying hen were studied. single comb white leghorn laying hens, at 30 weeks of age, were fed two basal diets containing 8.0% hydrogenated coconut oil (hco) or safflower oil (sfo), with or without supplemental cholesterol (1.0%), soysterols (2.0%) or combination of both. when hco basal diet was fed, both liver weight and li ... | 1978 | 566917 |
| effect of dietary factors on serum and egg yolk cholesterol levels of laying hens. | effects of dietary lipid factors (saturated and unsaturated oil, cholesterol and plant sterols) on the serum and egg yolk cholesterol levels of the laying hen were investigated. single comb white leghorn laying hens, at thirty weeks of age, were used in two trials by feeding two basal diets containing 8.0% hydrogenated coconut oil or safflower oil, with or without supplemental cholesterol (1.0%), soysterols (2.0%) or combinations of both. safflower oil, per se, had a superior property to hydroge ... | 1977 | 564509 |
| milk and tissue lipid composition after feeding cows protected polyunsaturated fat for two years. | the long-term effects of feeding holstein cows plant lipids protected from microbial hydrogenation in the rumen were studied. of particular interest were cow health and changes in fatty acid and cholesterol concentrations of milk and meat. safflower oil-casein or safflower oil-casein treated with formaldehyde to impede microbial attack were fed to two groups of three cows as 10% of the concentrate ration for two lactations. production of milk fat of cows fed the protected concentrate increased s ... | 1977 | 559013 |
| organic solvent soluble lipofuscin pigment in brain tissues of mice fed large amounts of polyunsaturated fats in presence and absence of various antioxidants. | the amount of lipid soluble fluorescent pigment is compared in brain tissues of mice fed a diet containing 10% safflower oil with and without a supplement of antioxidants as vitamin e, ascorbyl-palmitate and sodium-selenite. addition of 0.2 g/kg vitamin e to the diet gives a high raise in the mortality. the addition of 0.2 g/kg vitamin e and 0.5 g/kg ascorbyl-palmitate leads to higher values of extractable lipid soluble fluorescent pigment in mice brain tissues. | 1979 | 549880 |
| development of safflower protein. | 1979 | 536565 | |
| protective effect of nicarbazin on nutritional encephalopathy in chicks. | nutritional encephalopathy was induced in young chicks by vitamin e-deficient diets containing either 4% methyl esters of safflower oil or 10% thermally oxidized safflower oil. the coccidiostat nicarbazin (an equimolecular complex of 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide and 2-hydroxy 4,6-dimethylpyrimidine) reduced the incidence of encephalopathy, but zoalene (3,5-dinitro-o-toluamide) and amprolium [1-(4-amino-2-n-propyl-5-pyrimidinylmethyl)-2-picolinium chloride hydrochloride] did not. neither of the two co ... | 1979 | 514947 |
| effects of tristearin, triolein and safflower oil diets on cholesterol balance in rats. | diets containing relatively homogeneous triglycerides composed of 18-carbon chain saturated, monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids were fed to rats. cholesterol absorption and turnover were studied. cholesterol absorption was significantly less in rats fed tristearin than in animals fed triolein or safflower oil. cholesterol removal from plasma was fastest in rats fed tristearin and slowest with safflower oil and triolein. plasma cholesterol levels were lowest with tristearin and highes ... | 1979 | 512710 |
| lipid oxidation products and chick nutritional encephalopathy. | safflower oil and its distilled methyl esters were thermally oxidized and fed to young chicks in a vitamin e deficient diet. at a dietary level of 10%, the oxidized lipids caused more severe nutritional encephalopathy (ne) than the unoxidized methyl esters, indicating that factors other than dietary linoleic acid and vitamin e affect the development of ne. a polar lipid extract from oxidized methyl esters accelerated the induction of ne, as did the synthetic methyl esters of keto-octadecenoic an ... | 1979 | 491861 |
| removal of deleterious glucosides from safflower meal. | 1979 | 479490 | |
| evidence for an oleoyl phosphatidylcholine desaturase in microsomal preparations from cotyledons of safflower (carthamus tinctorius) seed. | 1. [14c]oleoyl-coa was metabolized rapidly and essentially completely by microsomal preparations from developing safflower (carthamus tinctorius) cotyledons, and most of the [14c]oleate was incorporated into 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine. 2. in aerobic reaction mixtures containing nadh2 the [14c]oleate in 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine was converted into [14c]linoleate without any change in the specific radioactivity of the lipid. over a 60 min incubation period the extent of conversion of [14c]oleoyl phos ... | 1979 | 475773 |
| the effects of antioxidants on the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the hen's egg. | in experiments to see whether, in the possible interests of human health, the polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa) content of the chicken's egg can be increased by nutritional means, three strains of hen, light, medium, and heavy, each at the peak of lay, were first fed a basal, commercial, low-fat diet. the hens were then transferred to one of the following diets: basal + safflower oil (so); basal + so + butylated hydroxytoluene; or basal + so + dl-a-toco-pheryl acetate. the diets were designated ... | 1979 | 468476 |
| effects of diets high in saturated fat and cholesterol on the lipid composition of canine platelets. | the phospholipid composition of platelets from dogs on various experimental diets was determined. thyroidectomized foxhounds were fed a control diet or the control diet supplemented with (1) beef tallow, (2) beef tallow and cholesterol, or (3) beef tallow, cholesterol, and safflower oil for 23 weeks prior to isolation of platelets. platelets from animals fed the control diet contained 36.7% phosphatidylcholine (pc), 22.8% phosphatidylethanolamine (pe), 18.4% sphingomyelin (sph), 11.8% phosphatid ... | 1979 | 459712 |
| toxicity of rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol in weanling mice. | reinvestigation of the previously reported toxicity of saturated fat on weanling mice has shown rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol to be a more potent toxic agent than free palmitic acid when fed as the sole source of dietary fat. as shown before, protection against this toxicity can be afforded by the addition of 2 to 4% safflower oil. we have now shown that if the rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol is acetylated the toxicity is much less. the protective effect of diacetyl rac-1(3)-palmitoyl glycerol cannot ... | 1979 | 458490 |
| negative effects of oral fatty acid supplementation on sweat chloride in cystic fibrosis. | essential fatty acid supplementation with oral safflower oil (1 gm/kg/day) to 11 cystic fibrosis patients (aged 6 months to 14 years) for one year produced no significant change in sweat chloride concentration (meq/liter) or sweat rate (gm/min/m2), addition of vitamin e (10 mg/kg/day) to the safflower oil had no effect on sweat chloride concentration or rate compared to placebo. no clinical improvement could be detected compared to a control group. these results do not support previous reports o ... | 1979 | 450561 |
| dietary fat-dependent changes in hepatic cholesterogenesis and the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coa reductase in fasted-refed rats. | effects of various dietary fats on the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coa (hmg-coa) reductase and sterol and fatty acid synthesis from [1-14c]acetate and [2-14c]mevalonate were examined in the liver from fasted-refed rats. rats fasted for 2 days were refed a fat-free diet or diets containing various fats (tricaprylin, trilaurin, trimyristin, tristearin, camellia oil, or safflower oil) at the 10% level for 1, 3, or 7 days. the activity of hmg-coa reductase was restored to about one-half o ... | 1979 | 438898 |
| essential fatty acid deficiency in neonates: inability to reverse deficiency by topical applications of efa-rich oil. | correction of essential fatty acid deficiency by transcutaneous absorption of topically applied efa-rich oil has been reported. we measured serum efa levels in two groups of neonates receiving fat-free total parenteral nutrition: nine control patients after 16 and 25 days of tpn, and six patients before and 12 days after beginning cutaneous application of 100 mg/kg/day of linoleic acid as sunflower seed oil. progressive biochemical efa deficiency occurred in all but one of the control patients. ... | 1978 | 416194 |
| reversibility of cholesterol-adrenaline-induced atherosclerosis in rhesus monkeys: evaluation of safflower oil and low-fat low-calorie diet. | 1977 | 413557 | |
| human essential fatty acid deficiency: treatment by topical application of linoleic acid. | an essential fatty acid (efa) deficiency developed in a 19-year-old man who was being maintained on a long-term regimen of fat-free, intravenous hyperalimentation fluids. the efa deficiency was reversed after 21 days by daily, topical application of linoleic acid to the patient's skin. the ratio of eicosatrienoic acid (20:3, n-9) to eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4, n-6) decreased to normal levels in the skin and serum with clinical improvement of the efa deficiency syndrome. the cutaneous manifestat ... | 1977 | 406855 |
| essential fatty acid deficiency in surgical patients. | parenteral nutrition may protect patients unable to eat from malnutrition almost indefinitely. if fat is not also given efad will occur. this outlines a prospective study of 28 surgical patients on total intravenous fat-free nutrition to determine the developmental course of efad and the response to therapy. twenty-eight patients ranging from newborn to 66 years receiving parenteral nutrition without fat had regular determinations of the composition of total plasma fatty acids and the triene/tet ... | 1977 | 404973 |
| effect of type of dietary fat and cholesterol on cholesterol absorption rate in squirrel monkeys. | to explore the effect of the type of dietary fat and the level of cholesterol on the rate of cholesterol absorption, 13 different male squirrel monkeys were used for 39 different tests. the plasma isotope ratio technique of zilversmit, which involved the injection of 3h-cholesterol and gastric intubation of 14c-cholesterol, was shown to give reproducible results which compared well with those based on a method involving labeled beta-sitosterol. the percentages of ingested cholesterol that were a ... | 1977 | 404406 |
| lipoprotein lipase of cultured mesenchymal rat heart cells. iv. modulation of enzyme activity by vldl added to the culture medium. | lipoprotein lipase activity was studied in rat heart cell cultures grown in the presence of 20% fetal calf and horse serum and a medium concentration of triacylglycerol of 0.03 mg/ml. after 6--8 days, when the enzyme activity had reached high levels, the cells were incubated for 24 h in a medium containing 20% serum derived from fasted or fed rats. no change in enzyme activity occurred in the presence of fasted rat serum, but a 50% fall was observed with fed rat serium. when the complete culture ... | 1979 | 223646 |
| hypercholesterolemia and triglyceride secretion rates in monkeys fed different dietary fats. | the influence of hypercholesterolemia on the triglyceride secretion rate was studied in both squirrel and cebus monkeys fed coconut oil, corn oil, or safflower oil. the triglyceride secretion rate (tgsr) was determined in vivo following the administration of triton wr1339, which blocks the clearance of very low density lipoprotein (vldl). thus, the increase observed in circulating triglyceride after triton administration presumably reflecte hepatic triglyceride (vldl) secretion in the fasted sta ... | 1977 | 200815 |
| inhibition of growth of morris hepatomas 7777 and 7800 by corn oil. | intraperitoneal injection of trace amounts of corn oil prior to and following the injection of 40-50 mg of tissue from hepatoma 7777 or 7800 into the thigh of adult male buffalo rats resulted in a marked decrease in the growth rate of both tumors. exhaustive extraction of the corn oil with water indicated that the active component was not water soluble. similar injections of safflower oil or isotonic saline had no effect on tumor growth rate. analysis of the tissue phospholipid fatty acids revea ... | 1977 | 197460 |
| effect of high-oleic and high-linoleic safflower oils on mammary tumors induced in rats by 7,12-dimethylbenz(alpha)anthracene. | a mutant safflower oil, rich in oleic acid, was used for a critical test of the hypothesis that polyunsaturated fats act as co-carcinogens. weanling female rats were each given 5 mg of 7,12-dimethylbenz(alpha)anthracene. they were then pair-fed diets containing 20%, by weight, of conventional high-linoleic safflower oil; a mutant high-oleic safflower oil; or coconut oil. half of each group received supplementary dl-alpha-tocopherol. tumors were identified by two observers, by palpation. data on ... | 1977 | 196058 |
| incorporation of dietary cis and trans isomers of octadecenoate in lipid classes of liver and hepatoma. | groups of rats bearing morris minimal deviation hepatoma 7288ctc were fed a fat-free diet supplemented with either 0.5% safflower oil (diet a), 15% safflower oil or free acids (diets band c), or 15% safflower oil or free safflower fatty acids (diet d) for 4 weeks. a group of normal rats was also fed diet d. triglycerides, cholesteryl esters, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from livers and hepatomas of animals on each diet were analyzed quantitatively for positional i ... | 1977 | 191447 |
| the effects of dietary fat and cholesterol on the metabolism of plasma low density lipoprotein apoproteins in squirrel monkeys. | low density lipoprotein apoproteins from squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) had characteristic 2-phase die-away curves in plasma. the kinetic constants were similar with three methods of labeling: in vitro with 125i by the iodine monochloride or the bolton-hunter methods or in vivo by the injection of [3h]-leucine into a donor animal. dietary cholesterol and the type of dietary fat influenced the concentration of plasma cholesterol and low density lipoproteins. the fractional turnover of low de ... | 1976 | 186119 |
| effect of dietary fat on hepatic metabolism of 14c-oleic acid and very low density lipoprotein triglyceride in the gerbil. | in order to compare in vitro and in vivo aspects of lipid metabolism and lipoprotein secretion associated with the hyperlipemia of saturated fat feeding, gerbils were fed a diet containing 15% coconut oil or safflower oil for 6 weeks. in vitro incorporation of fatty acid was determined by measuring 14c-oleic acid incorporation into hepatic lipis in liver fasting gerbils following triton wr1339 injection. the plasma lipoprotein profile was assessed by agarose electrophoresis. coconut oil produced ... | 1976 | 182936 |
| effects of dietary triglyceride on the properties and lipid composition of plasma lipoproteins: acute experiments in rats fed safflower oil. | male rats were administered 1.5 ml safflower oil by gastric intubation 0, 4, and 8 hr after a 16 hr fast. plasma, liver, and adipose tissue were collected 16 hr after the last fatty meal. rats fasted for 16 hr served as controls. following fat feeding, the fatty acid composition of the very low density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and hepatic triglyceride were similar, as were the percentages of 18:2 in the very low density lipoprotein and hepatic cholesteryl esters. the phospholipids of liver and ... | 1975 | 173964 |
| influence of dietary status and diabetes on aortic acyl-coa hydrolase activity. | we have postulated that the accelerated snythesis of cholesteryl ester in atherosclerotic microsomes may result in part from decreased acyl-coa hydrolase activity in arterial tissue, because acyl-coa is a common substrate for both reactions. we have now investigated the influence of nutritional status, type of diet, and diabetes on the acyl-coa hydrolase activity of otherwise normal aortic microsomes. fasting rabbits for 16 hr diminished the acyl-coa hydrolase activity approximately 30%. the act ... | 1977 | 139897 |
| effects of quantity and unsaturation of dietary fat on serum components in normal and diabetic macaca nigra. | dietary fat affects serum lipids independently of dietary cholesterol. normal and diabetic monkeys (macaca nigra) were fed cereal-based, specially formulated diets with either a low fat (lf = 2.5%) or a higher fat (13.2%) content; the latter had varying concentrations of safflower and coconut oil to attain greater polyunsaturation (sfo) or saturation (cco) in the diets. dietary cholesterol was less than 0.01%. serum triglyceride concentrations were greatest when monkeys consumed the lf (higher c ... | 1979 | 108367 |
| the effect of polyunsaturated fats on bile acid metabolism and cholelithiasis in squirrel monkeys. | squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) were fed diets containing safflower oil, butter, or coconut oil and 1 mg cholesterol/cal for 15--17 mo to examine the effect of type of fat on cholelithiasis and bile acid metabolism. controls were fed low cholesterol diets containing an isocaloric mixture of the three fats. cholic acid fractional catabolic rate, pool size, chenodeoxycholic acid pool size, and total bile acid pool size and excretion rate were estimated using a modification of lindstedt's isoto ... | 1978 | 99632 |
| quantitative and qualitative changes in phospholipid in the intestine of the gerbil and the development of lipodystrophy. | female gerbils fed a diet containing 20% coconut oil develop an intestinal lipodystrophy that is not seen in animals fed a diet containing 20% safflower oil or a diet of 20% coconut oil supplemented with 0.1% inositol. the coconut oil diets contained 1.5% safflower oil to prevent essential fatty acid deficiency. the level of inositol in the intestinal tissue of animals fed the coconut oil diet not supplemented with inositol has been shown to be decreased. phospholipid analyses of the intestinal ... | 1979 | 92556 |
| the dietary regulation of stearyl coenzyme a desaturase activity and membrane fluidity in the rat aorta. | numerous studies have demonstrated that alterations in membrane composition or fluidity are often associated with alterations in the properties of membrane-bound enzymes. in order to obtain membranes of varying fluidity, rats were fed diets that were either fat-free or supplemented with 15% safflower oil, and two properties associated with aorta and liver microsomal membranes were selected for study: stearyl coa desaturase activity, and fluidity as monitored by fatty acid composition and microvi ... | 1977 | 22798 |
| effects of dietary saturated and trans fatty acids on cholesteryl ester synthesis and hydrolysis in the testes of rats. | studies were made of the enzymic synthesis and hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters in rat testes. weanling rats were fed for 14 weeks diets containing 5% by wt of hydrogenated coconut oil (hco), a concentrate of ethyl elaidate and linolelaidate (trans), devoid of essential fatty acids (efa), or safflower oil (saff). cholesterol esterifying activity was localized in the soluble fraction, and cholesteryl ester hydrolase activity was distributed in both particulate and soluble fractions obtained from ... | 1976 | 5644 |