Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| evaluation of gamma interferon release assays using mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens for diagnosis of latent and active tuberculosis in mycobacterium bovis bcg-vaccinated populations. | t-cell-based gamma interferon (ifn-γ) release assays (igras) using mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens have shown higher sensitivity and specificity than the routine tuberculin skin test (tst). however, the effects of mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccination and anti-tuberculosis (tb) treatment on dynamic t-cell responses to m. tuberculosis-specific antigens in active tb cases have rarely been investigated in regions where tb is endemic. eighty-nine patients with active pulmonary tb (atb) an ... | 2010 | 20943878 |
| novel multiplex pcr using dual-priming oligonucleotides for detection and discrimination of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and m. bovis bcg. | we developed a novel multiplex pcr assay using dual-priming oligonucleotide primers targeting the rd1 gene for simultaneous identification of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and m. bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg). this assay would be useful both for detection of the m. tuberculosis complex and for differentiation of m. bovis bcg from pathogenic m. tuberculosis complex species. | 2010 | 20943867 |
| nanobead-based interventions for the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis. | tuberculosis (tb), caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, is one of the most devastating bacterial diseases to affect humans. m. tuberculosis is a robust pathogen that has evolved the capacity to survive and grow inside macrophage phagosomes. a cocktail of antibiotics has long been successfully used against m. tuberculosis but is becoming less effective owing to the emergence of multidrug resistance. the only available preventive vaccine, using mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guérin, is cons ... | 2010 | 20938454 |
| mycobacterial cell-wall skeleton as a universal vaccine vehicle for antigen conjugation. | mycobacterial cell-wall skeleton (cws) is an immunoactive and biodegradable particulate adjuvant and has been used for immunotherapy in patients with cancer. the cws of mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg-cws) was studied as a universal vaccine vehicle for antigen conjugation, to develop potentially effective and safe vaccines. here, we describe experiments in which protein antigens, such as keyhole limpet haemocyanin (klh), ovalbumin (ova) and bovine serum albumin (bsa) were highl ... | 2010 | 20937311 |
| human tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis in the united states, latin america and the caribbean. | human tuberculosis (tb) caused by mycobacterium bovis appears to be rare in most of the region of the americas, although some localities have reported an unusually high prevalence of m. bovis among human tb cases (e.g., san diego, ca, usa; parts of mexico). as surveillance data are lacking in many countries, there is substantial uncertainty regarding actual incidence. m. bovis is most often not identified, as the diagnosis of tb is made by smear microscopy alone or using egg-containing culture m ... | 2010 | 20937174 |
| enhanced activation of t lymphocytes by urease-deficient recombinant bacillus calmette-guérin producing heat shock protein 70-major membrane protein-ii fusion protein. | to activate naive t cells convincingly using mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg), recombinant bcg (bcg-d70m) that was deficient in urease, expressed with gene encoding the fusion of bcg-derived heat shock protein (hsp) 70 and mycobacterium leprae-derived major membrane protein (mmp)-ii, one of the immunodominant ags of m. leprae, was newly constructed. bcg-d70m was more potent in activation of both cd4(+) and cd8(+) subsets of naive t cells than recombinant bcgs including urease-d ... | 2010 | 20935209 |
| evaluation of the mycobacterium smegmatis and bcg models for the discovery of mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibitors. | the objective of this study was to measure the efficacy of mycobacterium smegmatis as a surrogate in vitro model for the detection of compounds which are inhibitory to the growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis. a chemical screen of the lopac library for anti-mycobacterial compounds was performed using m. smegmatis. parallel screens were conducted with another tuberculosis model, mycobacterium bovis bcg, and with m. tuberculosis under identical growth conditions and the inhibitors detected across ... | 2010 | 20933470 |
| perspectives on clinical and preclinical testing of new tuberculosis vaccines. | this review hopes to improve the selection of new tuberculosis (tb) vaccines by providing several perspectives on the immunization of humans, mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, and monkeys which have not usually been considered. (i) in human tb vaccine trials, the low rate of healing of mycobacterium bovis bcg lesions (used as the control group) would distinguish individuals who might be helped by vaccination from the 95% who do not need it and would make these trials more conclusive. (ii) the rabbit i ... | 2010 | 20930073 |
| simultaneous measurement of antigen-stimulated interleukin-1 beta and gamma interferon production enhances test sensitivity for the detection of mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle. | in order to identify cytokines that may be useful as candidates for inclusion in diagnostic tests for mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle, we compared the levels of gamma interferon (ifn-γ), interleukin 1β (il-1β), il-4, il-10, il-12, macrophage inflammatory protein 1β (mip-1β), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) in whole-blood cultures from tuberculosis (tb) reactor animals or tb-free controls following stimulation with m. bovis-specific antigens (purified protein derivative from m. bo ... | 2010 | 20926697 |
| tuberculosis vaccines for cattle: the way forward. | 2010 | 20923262 | |
| cd46 engagement on human cd4+ t cells produces t regulatory type 1-like regulation of antimycobacterial t cell responses. | understanding the regulation of human immune responses is critical for vaccine development and treating infectious diseases. we have previously shown that simultaneous engagement of the t cell receptor (tcr) and complement regulator cd46 on human cd4(+) t cells in the presence of interleukin-2 (il-2) induces potent secretion of the immunomodulatory cytokine il-10. these t cells mediate il-10-dependent suppression of bystander cd4(+) t cells activated in vitro with anti-cd3 and anti-cd28 costimul ... | 2010 | 20921150 |
| surface expression of mpt64 as a fusion with the pe domain of pe_pgrs33 enhances mycobacterium bovis bcg protective activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice. | to improve the current vaccine against tuberculosis, a recombinant strain of mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (rbcg) expressing a mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine candidate antigen (mpt64) in strong association with the mycobacterial cell wall was developed. to deliver the candidate antigen on the surface, we fused the mpt64 gene to the sequence encoding the pe domain of the pe_pgrs33 protein of m. tuberculosis (to create strain (h)pe-δmpt64-bcg), which we have previously shown to ... | 2010 | 20921146 |
| temporal changes in the gene signatures of bcg-vaccinated guinea pigs in response to different mycobacterial antigens. | mycobacterium bovis bcg-vaccination in the guinea pig model of tuberculosis (tb) is sufficiently protective that candidate tb vaccines are judged against this. little is understood about how the bcg vaccine works and, in the absence of a definitive correlate of protection, it is difficult to interpret the significance of novel vaccine induced host responses. here an extended custom-made microarray (86 guinea pig genes) was used to dissect temporal changes in bcg-vaccine induced gene signatures t ... | 2010 | 20920573 |
| a novel strategy for screening-out raw milk contaminated with mycobacterium bovis on dairy farms by double-tagging pcr and electrochemical genosensing. | summary: a highly sensitive assay for rapidly screening-out mycobacterium bovis in contaminated samples was developed based on electrochemical genosensing. the assay consists of specific amplification and double-tagging of the is6110 fragment, highly related to m. bovis, followed by electrochemical detection of the amplified product. pcr amplification was carried out using a labeled set of primers and resulted in a amplicon tagged at each terminus with both biotin and digoxigenin. two different ... | 2010 | 20890843 |
| structural and biochemical characterization of mycobacterium tuberculosis cyp142: evidence for multiple cholesterol 27-hydroxylase activities in a human pathogen. | the mycobacterium tuberculosis cytochrome p450 enzyme cyp142 is encoded in a large gene cluster involved in metabolism of host cholesterol. cyp142 was expressed and purified as a soluble, low spin p450 hemoprotein. cyp142 binds tightly to cholesterol and its oxidized derivative cholest-4-en-3-one, with extensive shift of the heme iron to the high spin state. high affinity for azole antibiotics was demonstrated, highlighting their therapeutic potential. cyp142 catalyzes either 27-hydroxylation of ... | 2010 | 20889498 |
| expression of mpb83 from mycobacterium bovis in brucella abortus s19 induces specific cellular immune response against the recombinant antigen in balb/c mice. | immunodominant mpb83 antigen from mycobacterium bovis was expressed as a chimeric protein fused to either β-galactosidase, outer membrane lipoprotein omp19 or periplasmic protein bp26 in gram-negative brucella abortus s19, in all cases driven by each gene's own promoter. all fusion proteins were successfully expressed and localized in the expected subcellular fraction. moreover, omp19-mpb83 was processed as a lipoprotein when expressed in b. abortus. splenocytes from balb/c mice immunized with t ... | 2010 | 20888425 |
| improved immunogenicity of recombinant mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin strains expressing fusion protein ag85a-esat-6 of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | early secretory antigen target 6 (esat-6) is a dominant target for cell-mediated immunity in the early phase of tuberculosis (tb) in patients with tb, causing t-cell proliferation and gamma interferon (ifn-γ) production, which has been considered to be a protective antigen that can be used for future vaccine development. ag85a is the most essential component for bacterial survival within macrophages and has been used in numerous vaccine preparations, which can induce strong cellular immune respo ... | 2010 | 20883318 |
| characterization of immune responses following intranasal immunization with the mycobacterium bovis cfp-10 protein expressed by attenuated salmonella typhimurium. | culture filtrate protein 10 (cfp-10) from mycobacterium bovis or mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is an immunodominant t-cell antigen expressed during the early stages of infection. because lungs are most commonly associated with primary m. bovis infections, specific immunity at this site is desirable for protection. therefore, in this study, immune responses generated in mouse lung, spleen and peyer's patches were examined following intranasal (i.n.) immunization with salmonella typhimurium- ex ... | 2010 | 20883312 |
| mycobacterium bovis bcg-russia clinical isolate with noncanonical spoligotyping profile. | 2010 | 20881181 | |
| evaluation of mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat analysis and spoligotyping for genotyping of mycobacterium bovis isolates and a comparison with restriction fragment length polymorphism typing. | common strain typing methods for differentiation of mycobacterium bovis isolates include restriction endonuclease analysis (rea), restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis, spoligotyping, and, more recently, mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat (miru-vntr) typing. miru-vntr typing and spoligotyping were evaluated in this study, and these typing methods were compared with rflp typing. a total of 386 m. bovis isolates from cattle, badgers, and dee ... | 2010 | 20881167 |
| vaccines designed to protect against mycobacterium tuberculosis infection may aid the identification of novel vaccine constructs and diagnostic antigens for bovine tuberculosis. | vaccination has been identified as a promising control strategy for tuberculosis in both humans and cattle. recent heterologous prime-boost approaches combining bcg vaccination with subunit boosts have shown considerable promise in both fields. however, the identification of further protective antigens is still a research priority. in this paper we have established the response hierarchy in mycobacterium bovis infected or bcg vaccinated cattle of 6 mycobacterium tuberculosis-derived proteins tha ... | 2010 | 20880640 |
| kinetics and inhibition of nicotinamidase from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | nicotinamidase/pyrazinamidase (pnca) is involved in the nad+ salvage pathway of mycobacterium tuberculosis and other bacteria. in addition to hydrolyzing nicotinamide into nicotinic acid, pnca also hydrolyzes the prodrug pyrazinamide to generate the active form of the drug, pyrazinoic acid, which is an essential component of the multidrug treatment of tb. a coupled enzymatic activity assay has been developed for pnca that allows for the spectroscopic observation of enzyme activity. the enzyme ac ... | 2010 | 20879713 |
| mutually exclusive genotypes for pyrazinamide and 5-chloropyrazinamide resistance reveal a potential resistance-proofing strategy. | the pyrazinamide (pza) analog 5-chloropyrazinamide (5-cl pza) is active against mycobacterial species, including pza-resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. in m. smegmatis, overexpression of the type 1 fatty acid synthase (fas i) confers resistance to 5-cl pza, a potent fas i inhibitor. since m. tuberculosis and m. bovis cannot tolerate fas i overexpression, 5-cl pza resistance mutations have yet to be described for tubercle bacilli. in an attempt to identify other factors that govern ... | 2010 | 20876380 |
| portable optoelectronic biosensing platform for identification of mycobacteria from the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | in this paper we report on the fabrication and performance of a portable and low cost optoelectronic platform integrating a double color tuned light emitting diode as light source, an amorphous/nanocrystalline silicon photodetector with a flat spectral response in the wavelength range from 520 nm to 630 nm and integrated electronic for signal acquisition and conditioning constituted by current to voltage converter, a filter and an amplification stage, followed by an analog to digital converter, ... | 2010 | 20875731 |
| ifn-γ promotes thp-1 cell apoptosis during early infection with mycobacterium bovis by activating different apoptotic signaling. | macrophage apoptosis represents an important innate defense mechanism against intracellular mycobacterial infection. previous publications have shown that interferon-γ (ifn-γ) is involved in apoptosis of immune cells infected with mycobacteria. in this study, the impact of ifn-γ treatment on phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-differentiated thp-1 cells infected with mycobacterium bovis was investigated. the results showed that ifn-γ increased apoptosis of thp-1 cells infected with m. bovis at a low ... | 2010 | 20875052 |
| assessment of antemortem tests used in the control of an outbreak of tuberculosis in llamas (lama glama). | an outbreak of tuberculosis (tb) caused by mycobacterium bovis in a llama herd is described. over a 25-month period, a total of 70 llamas were selected for postmortem examination using four distinct criteria: clinical suspicion of disease (15 animals), positive tuberculin skin test result (three animals), antibody positive using a novel serological test (rapid test, 54 animals) and elective cull (five animals). some animals qualified on more than one criterion. gross lesions of tb were detected ... | 2010 | 20871080 |
| mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin-induced macrophage cytotoxicity against bladder cancer cells. | many details of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) immunotherapy of bladder cancer have been discovered in the past decades. however, information on a potential role for macrophage cytotoxicity as an effector mechanism is limited. macrophages play pivotal roles in the host innate immunity and serve as a first line of defense in mycobacterial infection. in addition to their function as professional antigen-presenting cells, the tum ... | 2010 | 20862387 |
| clinical disease caused by klebsiella in 2 unrelated patients with interleukin 12 receptor beta1 deficiency. | patients with interleukin 12 (il-12)p40 or il-12 receptor β1 (il12rβ1) deficiencies are prone to develop infections caused by mycobacteria and salmonella; other infections have only been rarely observed. in this report we describe 2 unrelated patients with complete autosomal recessive il12rβ1 deficiency who suffered from sepsis attributable to klebsiella pneumoniae. a mexican boy suffered from disseminated bacille calmette-guérin disease and infections caused by k pneumoniae and candida albicans ... | 2010 | 20855390 |
| generation of self-renewing immature dendritic cells from mouse spleen that can take up mycobacteria and present antigens to t cells. | dendritic cells (dc) play a key role in driving the adaptive immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), the causative pathogen of tuberculosis (tb). however, studying these important yet very sparse immune cells in the context of mtb pathogenesis is severely restricted by the lack of suitable cell lines and the complexity of culturing of dc progenitors, usually obtained from the bone marrow. however, significant advances have been made towards generating long-term dc cultures from vari ... | 2010 | 20854466 |
| genetic diversity of human isolates of mycobacterium bovis assessed by spoligotyping and variable number tandem repeat genotyping. | a collection of clinical isolates including 9 mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guérin (bcg), 37 m. bovis and 1 isolate identified as m. bovis/caprae intermediate, recovered from humans in tuscany, italy, from 1990 to 2009, was genotyped by spoligotyping and variable number tandem repeat (vntr) typing. spoligotyping detected 15 unique profiles; the "bcg-like" sit482/sb0120 spoligotype was largely prevalent accounting for 63.8% of isolates. vntr typing, based on the 15 vntr loci commonly teste ... | 2011 | 20849979 |
| snapshot of mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium caprae infections in livestock in an area with a low incidence of bovine tuberculosis. | 2010 | 20844227 | |
| rapid differentiation of mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. bovis by high-resolution melt curve analysis. | identification and characterization of the mycobacterium tuberculosis strains are important for clinical and therapeutic management of tuberculosis. real-time pcr with a high-resolution melt assay was found to improve the diagnostic process. the assay includes differentiation between m. tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis based on one single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) in the narghji and oxyr genes and determination of m. bovis based on the region of differences 1 (rd1). this assay correctly ... | 2010 | 20844219 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis synergizes with atp to induce release of microvesicles and exosomes containing major histocompatibility complex class ii molecules capable of antigen presentation. | major histocompatibility complex class ii (mhc-ii) molecules are released by murine macrophages upon lipopolysaccharide (lps) stimulation and atp signaling through the p2x7 receptor. these studies show that infection of macrophages with mycobacterium tuberculosis or m. bovis strain bcg enhances mhc-ii release in synergy with atp. shed mhc-ii was contained in two distinct organelles, exosomes and plasma membrane-derived microvesicles, which were both able to present exogenous antigenic peptide to ... | 2010 | 20837713 |
| molecular epidemiology of human cases of tuberculosis by mycobacterium bovis in mexico. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of mycobacterium bovis in human cases of tuberculosis (tb) in an endemic area of the disease in cattle. sputum, urine and other tissue samples were obtained from: (1) tb-symptomatic patients, (2) dairy farm workers and (3) abattoir workers. samples of macroscopic lesions suspicious of tb were also obtained from cattle at slaughter in the same geographic area. a total of 562 human samples were collected: 255 from symptomatic patients, 218 from fa ... | 2010 | 20828845 |
| [granulomatous hepatitis due to mycobacterium complex following bacillus calmette-guérin intravesical instillation]. | 2010 | 20826041 | |
| tuberculosis in humans and animals: an overview. | tuberculosis (tb) is a significant disease for both humans and animals. susceptibility to mycobacterium tuberculosis is relatively high in humans, other primates and guinea pigs. cattle, rabbits and cats are susceptible to m. bovis and are quite resistant to m. tuberculosis. wild hoofed stock is generally susceptible to m. bovis, but few reports are available on the isolation of m. tuberculosis. swine and dogs are susceptible to both m. bovis and m. tuberculosis. m. bovis accounts for only a sma ... | 2010 | 20819249 |
| why has zoonotic tuberculosis not received much attention? | 2010 | 20819248 | |
| limited role for lymphotoxin α in the host immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the contribution of lymphotoxin (lt)α in the host immune response to virulent mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin infections was investigated. despite their ability to induce th1 cytokine, ifn-γ, and il-12 pulmonary response, "conventional" ltα(-/-) mice succumb rapidly to virulent m. tuberculosis aerosol infection, with uncontrolled bacilli growth, defective granuloma formation, necrosis, and reduced pulmonary inducible no synthase expression, similar to ... | 2010 | 20817877 |
| soluble tnf, but not membrane tnf, is critical in lps-induced hepatitis. | : bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) infection causes hepatic injury following granuloma formation and secretion of cytokines which renders mice highly sensitive to endotoxin-mediated hepatotoxicity. tumor necrosis factor (tnf) is required for granuloma formation and is one of the most important cytokines in liver injury. tnf inhibitors are effective therapies for inflammatory diseases. however, clinical use of non-selective tnf inhibitors is associated with an increased risk of infections. this wor ... | 2010 | 20813418 |
| effectiveness of bcg vaccination to aged mice. | abstract: | 2010 | 20809944 |
| the tuberculin skin test (tst) is affected by recent bcg vaccination but not by exposure to non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (ntm) during early life. | the tuberculin skin test (tst) is widely used in tb clinics to aid mycobacterium tuberculosis (m.tb) diagnosis, but the definition and the significance of a positive test in very young children is still unclear. this study compared the tst in gambian children at 4(1/2) months of age who either received bcg vaccination at birth (group 1) or were bcg naïve (group 2) in order to examine the role of bcg vaccination and/or exposure to environmental mycobacteria in tst reactivity at this age. nearly h ... | 2010 | 20808814 |
| an outbreak of bovine tuberculosis in an intensively managed conservation herd of wild bison in the northwest territories. | an outbreak of bovine tuberculosis was detected in the hook lake wood bison recovery project captive-breeding herd in march 2005. this study investigates the most likely source of mycobacterium bovis and identifies difficulties associated with salvaging tuberculosis-free animals from an endemically infected herd. | 2010 | 20808568 |
| comparison of three immunodiagnostic assays for antemortem detection of mycobacterium bovis stimulation in domestic cats. | mycobacterium bovis causes disease in numerous mammalian species including humans, thus making research, surveillance, and control important in the eradication of tuberculosis. domestic cats are susceptible to multiple mycobacterial species including mycobacterium bovis; however, their role in the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis is not fully documented. the current study was an evaluation of the immune response in specific pathogen-free (spf) cats stimulated with sensitinogen, a heat-killed ... | 2010 | 20807928 |
| 13[c]-urea breath test as a novel point-of-care biomarker for tuberculosis treatment and diagnosis. | pathogen-specific metabolic pathways may be detected by breath tests based on introduction of stable isotopically-labeled substrates and detection of labeled products in exhaled breath using portable infrared spectrometers. | 2010 | 20805989 |
| comparison of tuberculin activity using the interferon-gamma assay for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. | in this study, interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) responses in whole blood cultures stimulated with tuberculins from different sources were compared with regard to their diagnostic reliability in cattle experimentally and naturally infected with mycobacterium bovis. the ifn-gamma responses to different concentrations of purified protein derivatives (ppds) from m bovis and mycobacterium avium were quantified. significant differences (p<0.05) between sources and concentrations of ppds used for stimulati ... | 2010 | 20802185 |
| non-acylated mycobacterium bovis glycoprotein mpb83 binds to tlr1/2 and stimulates production of matrix metalloproteinase 9. | a variety of mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall components induce expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (mmp-9) by monocytic cells and levels of mmp-9 in vivo positively correlate with severity of disease. toll-like receptor (tlr)2 mediates cellular responses to acylated molecules but can also mediate responsiveness to diverse molecular structures, including non-acylated native viral and bacterial proteins. mpt/b-83 is a cell-associated lipoglycoprotein common to m. tuberculosis and m. bovi ... | 2010 | 20800577 |
| enhanced t cell responsiveness to mycobacterium bovis bcg r32-kda ag correlates with successful anti-tuberculosis treatment in humans. | th1 and th2 cytokines play key role in protection from and pathogenesis of mycobacterial infection and their dynamic changes may predict clinical outcome of the patient. patients with tuberculosis (tb) have a poorer cellular immune response to recombinant 32-kda antigen (ag) of mycobacterium bovis (r32-kda m. bovis) than do healthy volunteers. the basis for this observation was studied by evaluating the th1 (gamma interferon [ifn-γ]) produced in response to the r32-kda ag m. bovis by peripheral ... | 2010 | 20797873 |
| molecular characterization of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) isolated from cattle in northeast and northwest china. | we studied throat swabs and corresponding serum samples collected from 1067 protein purified derivative (ppd)-tuberculin skin test (tst) positive cattle from different regions of china. the 1067 throat swabs were inoculated onto modified löwenstein-jensen medium for the isolation and culture of mycobacteria. acid-fast bacilli were identified using traditional biochemical methods, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification and multiplex pcr. they were distinguished as mycobacterium tuberculosi ... | 2011 | 20797738 |
| the abyssomicin c family as in vitro inhibitors of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the antimycobacterial efficacy of the abyssomicin c family of natural products, in addition to a key synthetic intermediate, has been investigated given their reported inhibition of bacillus subtilis p-aminobenzoate biosynthesis. the naturally occurring (-)-abyssomicin c and its atropisomer were found to exhibit low micromolar growth inhibition against the relatively fast-growing and non-virulent mycobacterium smegmatis and the vaccine strain mycobacterium bovis bcg, while their antipodes were s ... | 2010 | 20739223 |
| development of a fluorescent microsphere-based multiplex assay for simultaneous rapid detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and differentiation of m. tuberculosis and m. bovis in clinical samples. | a microsphere-based multiplex assay was developed, by using the xmap technology, for the simultaneous rapid detection of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtc) and the differentiation of m. tuberculosis and m. bovis. the assay simultaneously detected 4 target sequences, including specific insertion elements is6110 and is1081 of mtc, a 12.7- kb fragment specific for m. tuberculosis, and an uninterrupted 229 bp sequence specific for m. bovis. the specificity of the assay was validated by tes ... | 2010 | 20736748 |
| report of an international collaborative study to evaluate the suitability of multiplex pcr as an identity assay for different sub-strains of bcg vaccine. | current methods for the identification of bcg vaccine in quality control settings involve acid-fast staining with microscopic examination. however, this method is unable to distinguish the many different sub-strains of bcg, or to differentiate bcg strains from virulent members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. a multiplex pcr (mpcr) which uses six target regions in mycobacteria has been developed to identify specific sub-strains of bcg. this study reports the findings from an internatio ... | 2010 | 20732463 |
| mixed infections of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria in south african antelopes presenting with tuberculosis-like lesions. | routine meat inspection of antelope carcasses from a south african game reserve revealed a high prevalence of tuberculosis-like lesions. this study aimed to identify the causative agent of this disease and to describe its pathological features. in total, 139 antelopes were randomly harvested from the game reserve and subjected to meat inspection. of these animals, 46 (33%) showed gross visible, tuberculosis-like lesions. histopathological examination revealed the presence of encapsulated necrogr ... | 2011 | 20727687 |
| first-time detection of mycobacterium species from goats in ethiopia. | tuberculosis (tb) is an important zoonosis affecting a wide range of hosts. an abattoir study was conducted on 1,536 randomly selected male goats slaughtered at modjo modern export abattoir to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis in slaughtered goats. carcasses and organs of all the study animals were first examined by routine meat inspection followed by detailed meat inspection. samples from tuberculous lesions were cultured for mycobacterial isolation and identification. histopathology was ... | 2011 | 20725858 |
| the {alpha}4{beta}1 integrin in localization of mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific th1 cells to the human lung. | rapid mobilization of antigen-specific th1-like cd4+ t-cells to the lung appears to be critically important for control of the respiratory pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tb), and for protection against pulmonary tuberculosis, the most contagious form of the disease. accordingly, the preferential circulation of memory lymphocytes back to the tissues in which they first encountered antigen (i.e., âhomingâ) may underlie the limited efficacy of current intradermal vaccination with the m. bo ... | 2010 | 20724551 |
| glutamine synthetase encoded by glna-1 is necessary for cell wall resistance and pathogenicity of mycobacterium bovis. | pathogenic strains of mycobacteria produce copious amounts of glutamine synthetase (gs) in the culture medium. the enzyme activity is linked to synthesis of poly-α-l-glutamine (plg) in the cell walls. this study describes a glna-1 mutant of mycobacterium bovis that produces reduced levels of gs. the mutant was able to grow in enriched 7h9 medium without glutamine supplementation. the glna-1 strain contained no detectable plg in the cell walls and showed marked sensitivity to different chemical a ... | 2010 | 20724386 |
| containment of bioaerosol infection risk by the xpert mtb/rif assay and its applicability to point-of-care settings. | the recently introduced xpert mtb/rif assay (xpert) has point-of-care potential, but its capacity for biohazard containment remained to be studied. we compared the bioaerosols generated by the xpert assay to acid-fast bacillus (afb) microscope slide smear preparation. the xpert assay sample treatment reagent (sr) was also studied for its sterilizing capacity, stability, and effect on assay sensitivity after prolonged treatment. during the preparation of afb smears, sputum samples spiked with myc ... | 2010 | 20720033 |
| field evaluation of the efficacy of mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guerin against bovine tuberculosis in neonatal calves in ethiopia. | in developing countries, the conventional test and slaughter strategy for the control of bovine tuberculosis is prohibitively expensive, and alternative control methods such as vaccination are urgently required. in this study, the efficacy of mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) for protection against bovine tuberculosis (btb) was evaluated in holstein calves under field conditions in ethiopia. thirteen neonatally vaccinated and 14 control calves were exposed for 10 to 23 months to ... | 2010 | 20719984 |
| anti-tubercular screening of natural products from colombian plants: 3-methoxynordomesticine, an inhibitor of mure ligase of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | new anti-mycobacterial entities with novel mechanisms of action are clinically needed for treating resistant forms of tuberculosis. the purpose of this study was to evaluate anti-tubercular activity and selectivity of seven recently isolated natural products from colombian plants. | 2010 | 20719764 |
| inhibition of mycobacterial replication by pyrimidines possessing various c-5 functionalities and related 2'-deoxynucleoside analogues using in vitro and in vivo models. | tuberculosis (tb) has become an increasing problem since the emergence of human immunodeficiency virus and increasing appearance of drug-resistant strains. there is an urgent need to advance our knowledge and discover a new class of agents that are distinct than current therapies. antimycobacterial activities of several 5-alkyl, 5-alkynyl, furanopyrimidines and related 2'-deoxynucleosides were investigated against mycobacterium tuberculosis. compounds with 5-arylalkynyl substituents (23-26, 33, ... | 2010 | 20718497 |
| persistence of mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) after oral or parenteral vaccination. | mycobacterium bovis is the cause of tuberculosis in cattle and a serious zoonotic pathogen, most commonly contracted through consumption of unpasteurized dairy products. to control this zoonosis, many countries have developed bovine tuberculosis eradication programmes. although relatively successful, efforts are hindered in many regions by spillover from wildlife reservoirs of m. bovis to cattle. such is the case in the united states where spillover of m. bovis from free-ranging white-tailed dee ... | 2010 | 20707863 |
| learning from bcg: designing a better tuberculosis vaccine. | extract: prior to the advent of vaccination, disease caused by m. tuberculosis had two age-related peaks: one in the first few 2-3 years of life characterized by a very high incidence of mortality and a later peak in adult life starting in the late teens or early twenties. today, where most of the global population is vaccinated with bcg, tb mainly manifests as a pulmonary disease in the adult population. the first clinical studies with mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guerin (bcg) -- an att ... | 2005 | 20704877 |
| purification of clinical-grade recombinant hsp65-muci fusion protein. | hsp65-muci is a fusion protein between bcg (bacille calmette-guerin)-derived hsp65 (heat-shock protein 65) and human muci (mucin i) vntr (variable number of tandem repeats)-domain peptides that has shown antitumour efficacy. china's food and drug administration has recently approved a phase i clinical trial using hsp65-muci for the treatment of muci-positive breast cancer. in order to produce sufficient quantities of clinical-grade hsp65-muci, we established a pilot-scale purification scheme com ... | 2010 | 20704567 |
| time dependent expression of cytokines in mycobacterium bovis infected cattle lymph nodes. | advancements in the current diagnostic and vaccination protocols employed against bovine tuberculosis rely heavily upon a sound knowledge of the bovine immunological response. central to this is the importance of timing in the cellular immune profile and how this dynamic process evolves post-mycobacterium bovis challenge. in the present study, we quantitatively analysed mrna expression of interferon gamma (ifn-γ), tumour necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) and interleukins (il) 4 and 10 within select ... | 2010 | 20696483 |
| toward total structural analysis of cardiolipins: multiple-stage linear ion-trap mass spectrometry on the [m - 2h + 3li]+ ions. | esi multiple-stage linear ion-trap (lit) mass spectrometric approaches for a near-complete structural characterization of cardiolipins (cls), including identification of the fatty acyl substituents, assignment of the fatty acid substituents on the glycerol backbone, and location of the double-bond(s) or cyclopropyl group along the fatty acid chain are described. upon collisionally activated dissociation (cad) on the [m - 2h + 3li](+) ions of cl in an ion-trap (ms(2)), two sets of fragment ions ( ... | 2010 | 20692852 |
| who informal consultation on standardization and evaluation of bcg vaccines geneva, switzerland 22-23 september 2009. | the current world health organization requirements for bcg vaccine are in need of revision to address the diversity of sub-strains used for production, potential improvements of quality control assays for lot release, and the establishment of sub-strain specific reference reagents. a consultation meeting was organized to discuss issues regarding the standardization and evaluation of bcg vaccines in the forum of regulators, bcg vaccine manufacturers, developers of selected new live tuberculosis ( ... | 2010 | 20692219 |
| diagnostic efficiency of abattoir meat inspection service in ethiopia to detect carcasses infected with mycobacterium bovis: implications for public health. | bovine tuberculosis (btb) is a widespread and endemic disease of cattle in ethiopia posing a significant threat to public health. regular surveillance by skin test, bacteriology and molecular methods is not feasible due to lack of resource. thus, routine abattoir (ra) inspection will continue to play a key role for national surveillance. we evaluated efficiency of ra inspection for diagnosis of mycobacterium bovis infection and discussed its public health implications in light of a high risk of ... | 2010 | 20691081 |
| human bovine tuberculosis - remains in the differential. | mycobacterium bovis is a pathogen of cattle. the unpasteurized milk of affected cattle is a source of infection in humans. despite the screening of cattle and the pasteurization of milk, m bovis has not been eradicated. a high index of clinical suspicion is needed in symptomatic patients with a history of possible exposure. at risk groups include animal workers, farmers, meat packers, vets and zoo keepers. humans are usually infected by the aerosol route. we present two cases of human bovine tub ... | 2010 | 20688950 |
| bovine tuberculosis in livestock and wild boar on the mediterranean island, corsica. | the zoonotic agent of bovine tuberculosis (btb), mycobacterium bovis, can be transmitted between domestic and wild animals, threatening wildlife populations and control programs for btb in cattle. in corsica, a french mediterranean island where domestic and wild species have close interactions, btb cases have been reported in cattle, pigs, and wild boar. moreover, genotypes of m. bovis found in wild and domestic animals from the same area were identical. these data strongly suggest that wild and ... | 2010 | 20688663 |
| epizootiologic survey of mycobacterium bovis in wildlife and farm environments in northern michigan. | bovine tuberculosis (bovine tb), caused by mycobacterium bovis, has reemerged in northern michigan, usa, with detections in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in 1994 and in cattle in 1998. since then, significant efforts have been directed toward reducing deer densities in the area in the hopes of reducing the bovine tb prevalence rate in deer and eliminating spillover of the disease into cattle. despite the success of the efforts to reduce deer densities, additional cattle herds have b ... | 2010 | 20688630 |
| [construction of recombinant adenovirus expressing ag85b of mycobacterium bovis and its cellular immunoproperties in mice]. | we constructed recombinant adenovirus rad-ag85b expressing antigen 85b of mycobacterium bovis and analyzed cellular immune responses after mice immunization. | 2010 | 20687348 |
| comment on "essential role of il-17a in the formation of a mycobacterial infection-induced granuloma in the lung". | 2010 | 20686166 | |
| influence of advanced age on mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccination in guinea pigs aerogenically infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) is the only tuberculosis (tb) vaccine currently available, but its efficacy against adult pulmonary tb remains controversial. bcg induces specific immune responses to mycobacterial antigens and may elicit protective immunity against tb. tb remains a major public health problem, especially among the elderly, yet the efficacy of bcg in the elderly is unknown. we investigated the ability of bcg vaccination to prevent tb in young (6-week-old), middl ... | 2010 | 20685935 |
| bcg vaccination failed to protect yearling african buffaloes (syncerus caffer) against experimental intratonsilar challenge with mycobacterium bovis. | vaccination has been discussed as a practical option to control bovine tuberculosis in countries where a wildlife reservoir of the disease is present. african buffaloes (syncerus caffer) are the main wildlife reservoir of mycobacterium bovis in certain south african game parks and vaccination is not only the most promising but the only ethically acceptable control measure currently available. the use of bacillus calmette-guérin vaccine (pasteur strain) to vaccinate fourteen african buffalo yearl ... | 2010 | 20684850 |
| mycobacterium bovis bcg-specific th17 cells confer partial protection against mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the absence of gamma interferon. | protective immunity against tuberculosis (tb) requires the integrated response of a network of lymphocytes. both gamma interferon (ifn-γ)- and interleukin 17 (il-17)-secreting cd4(+) t cells have been identified in subjects with latent tb infection and during experimental mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, but the contribution of th17 cells to protective immunity is unclear. to examine their protective effects in vivo, we transferred mycobacterium-specific il-17- and ifn-γ-secreting cd4(+) t ... | 2010 | 20679438 |
| antimycobacterial activity of udp-galactopyranose mutase inhibitors. | the galactofuran region of the mycobacterial cell wall consists of alternating 5- and 6-linked beta-d-galactofuranose (beta-d-galf) residues, essential for viability. udp-galactofuranose (udp-galf), the donor for galf, is synthesised from udp-galactopyranose (udp-galp) by the enzyme udp-galactopyranose mutase (ugm), which is not found in humans, rendering it a therapeutic target. the in vitro properties, i.e. enzymatic activity, antimycobacterial activity, cellular toxicity, activity in mycobact ... | 2010 | 20678902 |
| study of interactions between mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins: sigk and anti-sigk. | the development of novel antituberculosis therapeutic molecules is a global health concern. complex gene expression in mycobacterium tuberculosis is mediated mainly by various sigma factors. the sigk protein binds to rna polymerase, facilitating the expression of genes encoding the antigenic proteins mpt70 and mpt83. the anti-sigk protein is a negative regulator of sigk and inhibits the initiation of transcription. this study focuses on the interactions between sigk and the n-terminal domain of ... | 2011 | 20676709 |
| an all-consuming case. | this is a case of a 6-month-old child who presented to the local paediatric department with a relatively short history of developmental regression, hypotonia, weight loss, irritability and hepatosplenomegaly. the child then proceeded to spike temperatures up to 39°c. the case demonstrates the logical investigative process involved in such a case and discusses the differential diagnoses at each stage. it also highlights the importance of multi-specialty work in complex cases and the potential con ... | 2011 | 20675523 |
| screening of predicted secreted antigens from mycobacterium bovis identifies potential novel differential diagnostic reagents. | to date, the most promising vaccination strategies for the control of bovine tuberculosis (tb) focus on improving the efficacy of mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg). however, vaccination with bcg results in sensitization of animals to bovine tuberculin and compromises tests currently used for diagnosis of bovine tb infection. thus, the development of specific diagnostic reagents capable of discriminating between infected and uninfected vaccinated animals (diva) is of high priorit ... | 2010 | 20668139 |
| [catheter infection caused by mycobacterium bovis]. | authors describe two cases of disseminated mycobacterium bovis infection in two immunocompromised patients with central venous portcatheter. diagnosis has been confirmed by cultivation from catether material. antituberculotic treatment lead in the first case to clinical improvement and in the second case to clinical and radiological improvement. | 2010 | 20662479 |
| antimycobacterial screening of traditional medicinal plants using the microplate resazurin assay. | multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis strains have rapidly become a global health concern. north american first nations communities have used traditional medicines for generations to treat many pulmonary infections. in this study, we evaluated the antimycobacterial activity of 5 medicinal plants traditionally used as general therapeutics for pulmonary illnesses and specifically as treatments for tuberculosis. aqueous extracts of aralia nudicaulis, symplocarpus foetidus, heracleum maximu ... | 2010 | 20657619 |
| molecular typing of mycobacterium bovis isolated from tuberculosis lesions of cattle in north eastern ethiopia. | mycobacterium bovis strains isolated from tuberculosis (tb) lesions from 1138 cattle slaughtered at kombolcha abattoir in north eastern ethiopia were characterised. detailed postmortem examination, bacteriological culturing, regions of difference pcr and spoligotyping were used. at least one tb lesion was observed in 57 (5 per cent) of the cattle, of which 27 (47 per cent) yielded mycobacteria isolates. of the 27 isolates, 25 were identified as m bovis and two as mycobacterium tuberculosis. the ... | 2010 | 20656993 |
| [analysis of mutation in heavy chain-micro (microhc) gene in a chinese patient with congenital agammaglobulinemia]. | mutation in the heavy chain micro (microhc) gene causes a rare type of autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia. here we report the molecular and clinical characterization of a compound heterozygous mutation in the microhc gene in a patient with autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia firstly from china. | 2010 | 20654017 |
| regulatory t cells induced by mycobacterium chelonae sensitization influence murine responses to bacille calmette-guerin. | the efficacy of live mycobacterium bovis bcg as a tuberculosis vaccine is highly varied globally. differential sensitization to environmental mycobacteria prior to bcg vaccination may prime immune effects leading to this variation, but the precise immune mechanisms and cell types involved in this phenomenon are unknown. we hypothesized that pre-vaccination sensitization to environmental mycobacteria induces mycobacterium-specific tregs that suppress responses to bcg. this was investigated by tes ... | 2010 | 20651297 |
| [evaluation of variable number of tandem repeats (vntr) isolates of mycobacterium bovis in algeria]. | the discriminatory potency of variable number of tandem repeats (vntr), based on 7 loci (miru 26, 27 and 5 etrs a, b, c, d, e) was assayed on mycobacterium bovis strains obtained from samples due to tuberculosis in two slaughterhouses in algeria. the technique of miru-vntr has been evaluated on 88 strains of m. bovis and one strain of m. caprea and shows 41 different profiles. results showed that the vntr were highly discriminatory with an allelic diversity of 0.930 when four loci (etr a, b, c a ... | 2010 | 20650740 |
| oral vaccination of badgers (meles meles) with bcg and protective immunity against endobronchial challenge with mycobacterium bovis. | eurasian badgers (meles meles) are a reservoir host of mycobacterium bovis and are implicated in the transmission of tuberculosis to cattle in ireland and great britain. the development of a vaccine for use in badgers is considered a key element of any long-term sustainable campaign to eradicate the disease from livestock in both countries. the aim of this study was to investigate the protective response of badgers vaccinated orally with bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) encapsulated in a lipid form ... | 2010 | 20637774 |
| immunization of newborn and adult mice with low numbers of bcg leads to th1 responses, th1 imprints and enhanced protection upon bcg challenge. | neonatal bacille calmette-guerin (bcg) vaccination is widely employed to protect against tuberculosis. predominant th1 but not mixed th1/th2 responses are thought to be protective. if so, effective vaccination must cause th1 imprints. the immune system of infants differs from that of adults and such differences could critically affect neonatal vaccination. we demonstrate that bcg infection of infant and adult mice produces similar responses. infection with low and high numbers of bcg, respective ... | 2010 | 20635889 |
| eurasian wild boar response to skin-testing with mycobacterial and non-mycobacterial antigens. | eurasian wild boar (sus scrofa) are able to maintain bovine tuberculosis (btb) in the wild and are most probably able to transmit the disease to other species, thus acting as a true wildlife reservoir. translocation of wild boar is a common practice in european countries. therefore, identifying effective tools for btb diagnosis in living wild boar is crucial for the implementation of control measures. we describe for the first time the sex and origin related differences in the skin-test response ... | 2010 | 20633938 |
| dendritic cells in chronic mycobacterial granulomas restrict local anti-bacterial t cell response in a murine model. | mycobacterium-induced granulomas are the interface between bacteria and host immune response. during acute infection dendritic cells (dcs) are critical for mycobacterial dissemination and activation of protective t cells. however, their role during chronic infection in the granuloma is poorly understood. | 2010 | 20625513 |
| development of th1 imprints to rbcg expressing a foreign protein: implications for vaccination against hiv-1 and diverse influenza strains. | we demonstrate here that immunizing naïve mice with low numbers of recombinant bacille calmette-guérin (rbcg) expressing beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) generates predominant th1 responses to both bcg and beta-gal whereas infection with high numbers generates a mixed th1/th2 response to both bcg and beta-gal. furthermore, the th1 response to both bcg and beta-gal is stable when mice, pre-exposed to low numbers of rbcg, are challenged four months later with high numbers of rbcg. thus the th1/th2 ph ... | 2010 | 20625498 |
| characterization and immune effect of the hepatitis b-bcg combined vaccine for using a needle innoculation. | to prepare the hepatitis b-mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin combined vaccine (hb-bcg combined vaccine) and resolve a needle problem of the two kinds of hepatitis b vaccine (hb vaccine) and m. bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) for the innoculation. | 2010 | 20619374 |
| molecular characterization of heterologous hiv-1gp120 gene expression disruption in mycobacterium bovis bcg host strain: a critical issue for engineering mycobacterial based-vaccine vectors. | mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) as a live vector of recombinant bacterial vaccine is a promising system to be used. in this study, we evaluate the disrupted expression of heterologous hiv-1gp120 gene in bcg pasteur host strain using replicative vectors pmv261 and pjh222. pjh222 carries a lysine complementing gene in bcg lysine auxotrophs. the hiv-1 gp120 gene expression was regulated by bcg hsp60 promoter (in plasmid pmv261) and mycobacteria spp. alpha-antigen promoter (in pla ... | 2010 | 20617151 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis ppd-induced immune biomarkers measurable in vitro following bcg vaccination of uk adolescents by multiplex bead array and intracellular cytokine staining. | the vaccine efficacy reported following mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette guerin (bcg) administration to uk adolescents is 77% and defining the cellular immune response in this group can inform us as to the nature of effective immunity against tuberculosis. the aim of this study was to identify which cytokines and lymphocyte populations characterise the peripheral blood cellular immune response following bcg vaccination. | 2010 | 20609237 |
| ante-mortem testing wild fallow deer for bovine tuberculosis. | this study aimed to maximize the sensitivity of bovine tuberculosis detection in living wild fallow deer (dama dama) under field conditions. we evaluated the rapid test (rt; cervidtb stat-pak assay, chembio diagnostic systems, inc., usa) in comparison with the comparative cervical skin test (cct). a total of 134 fallow deer were captured between january and march 2008. at time 0, 0.1 ml of avian purified protein derivative (avian ppd; cooper-zeltia, spain), 0.1 ml bovine ppd (cooper-zeltia, spai ... | 2010 | 20605378 |
| isoxyl particles for pulmonary delivery: in vitro cytotoxicity and potency. | pulmonary delivery of isoxyl may increase drug efficacy by targeting alveolar macrophages which are host cells for mycobacteria. isoxyl microparticles (1-2microm) were obtained by antisolvent precipitation and simultaneous spray drying method. the controls were made by mixing isoxyl solution in dmso with cell culture media. depending on the drug concentration, either isoxyl solution or nanosuspension was obtained in these controls. in the study, mtt (methylthiazol tetrazolium) and ldh (lactose d ... | 2010 | 20600722 |
| mycobacterium bovis-bcg vaccination induces specific pulmonary transcriptome biosignatures in mice. | in the present study, we applied microarray technology to define biosignatures by microarray transcriptome analysis in lung and spleen samples after bcg vaccination and m. bovis infection of balb/c mice. the aims were two-fold, namely to define biosignatures that could predict vaccine success before challenge, and biomarker patterns that correlated with anamnestic protective responses following exposure to virulent m. bovis. further, these biosignatures should be detectable without in vitro anti ... | 2010 | 20596522 |
| development of a skin test for bovine tuberculosis for differentiating infected from vaccinated animals. | the tuberculin skin test has been used for the diagnosis of bovine and human tuberculosis (tb) for over a hundred years. however, the specificity of the test is compromised by vaccination with the mycobacterium bovis-derived vaccine strain bacille calmette-guérin (bcg). since current promising vaccines against bovine tb are based on heterologous prime-boost combinations that include bcg, there is a need for diagnostic tests for differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (diva). the applica ... | 2010 | 20592155 |
| bcg strain s4-jena: an early bcg strain is capable to reduce the proliferation of bladder cancer cells by induction of apoptosis. | abstract: | 2010 | 20587032 |
| diagnostic accuracy and optimal use of three tests for tuberculosis in live badgers. | accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb) due to infection with mycobacterium bovis is notoriously difficult in live animals, yet important if we are to understand the epidemiology of tb and devise effective strategies to limit its spread. currently available tests for diagnosing tb in live eurasian badgers (meles meles) remain unvalidated against a reliable gold standard. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and optimal use of three tests for tb in badgers in the a ... | 2010 | 20585404 |
| new assessment of bovine tuberculosis risk factors in belgium based on nationwide molecular epidemiology. | this assessment aimed to elaborate a statistical nationwide model for analyzing the space-time dynamics of bovine tuberculosis in search of potential risk factors that could be used to better target surveillance measures. a database comprising mycobacterium bovis molecular profiles from all isolates obtained from belgian outbreaks during the 1995-to-2006 period (n = 415) allowed the identification of a predominant spoligotype (sb0162). various databases compiling 49 parameters to be tested were ... | 2010 | 20573869 |
| coadministration of interleukins 7 and 15 with bacille calmette-guérin mounts enduring t cell memory response against mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccine renders protection against tuberculosis in childhood but not in adulthood. this may be due to its failure to induce long-lasting memory t cells. t cell memory is dependent on crucial cytokine signals during the priming phases. therefore, coadministering the bcg vaccine with cytokines may improve its efficacy. | 2010 | 20569158 |