Publications

manure source and age affect survival of zoonotic pathogens during aerobic composting at sublethal temperatures.	heat is the primary mechanism by which aerobic composting inactivates zoonotic bacterial pathogens residing within animal manures, but at sublethal temperatures, the time necessary to hold the compost materials to ensure pathogen inactivation is uncertain. to determine the influence of the type of nitrogen amendment on inactivation of salmonella, listeria monocytogenes, and escherichia coli o157:h7 in compost mixtures stored at sublethal temperatures, specific variables investigated in these stu ...	2015	25710145
receptor binding proteins of listeria monocytogenes bacteriophages a118 and p35 recognize serovar-specific teichoic acids.	adsorption of a bacteriophage to the host requires recognition of a cell wall-associated receptor by a receptor binding protein (rbp). this recognition is specific, and high affinity binding is essential for efficient virus attachment. the molecular details of phage adsorption to the gram-positive cell are poorly understood. we present the first description of receptor binding proteins and a tail tip structure for the siphovirus group infecting listeria monocytogenes. the host-range determining ...	2015	25708539
invasive listeria monocytogenes infection after liver transplantation: a life-threatening condition.		2015	25706469
(aminophosphane)gold(i) and silver(i) complexes as antibacterial agents.	this manuscript describes the synthesis of new au(i) and ag(i) complexes with aminophosphane ligands and a study of their antibacterial activity against gram-negative salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and escherichia coli and gram-positive listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus. the bactericidal assays revealed the effectiveness of these compounds on paradigm gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens, showing a moderate antimicrobial activity, comparable with the antibiotics of r ...	2015	25706322
listeria monocytogenes meningitis in the elderly: distinctive characteristics of the clinical and laboratory presentation.		2015	25704282
the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of neuroinvasive listeriosis: a multinational study.	the aim of this study was to determine the independent risk factors, morbidity, and mortality of central nervous system (cns) infections caused by listeria monocytogenes. we retrospectively evaluated 100 episodes of neuroinvasive listeriosis in a multinational study in 21 tertiary care hospitals of turkey, france, and italy from 1990 to 2014. the mean age of the patients was 57 years (range, 19-92 years), and 64% were males. the all-cause immunosuppression rate was 54 % (54/100). forty-nine (49 ...	2015	25698311
molecular basis for the recognition of cyclic-di-amp by psta, a pii-like signal transduction protein.	cyclic-di-amp (c-di-amp) is a broadly conserved bacterial second messenger that is of importance in bacterial physiology. the molecular receptors mediating the cellular responses to the c-di-amp signal are just beginning to be discovered. psta is a previously uncharacterized pii -like protein which has been identified as a c-di-amp receptor. psta is widely distributed and conserved among gram-positive bacteria in the phylum firmicutes. here, we report the biochemical, structural, and functional ...	2015	25693966
interaction with enzyme iibmpo (eiibmpo) and phosphorylation by phosphorylated eiibmpo exert antagonistic effects on the transcriptional activator manr of listeria monocytogenes.	listeriae take up glucose and mannose predominantly through a mannose class phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (pts(man)), whose three components are encoded by the manlmn genes. the expression of these genes is controlled by manr, a levr-type transcription activator containing two pts regulation domains (prds) and two pts-like domains (enzyme iia(man) [eiia(man)]- and eiib(gat)-like). we demonstrate here that in listeria monocytogenes, manr is activated via the phosphory ...	2015	25691525
the length of a lantibiotic hinge region has profound influence on antimicrobial activity and host specificity.	lantibiotics are ribosomally synthesized (methyl)lanthionine containing peptides which can efficiently inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria. as lantibiotics kill bacteria efficiently and resistance to them is difficult to be obtained, they have the potential to be used in many applications, e.g., in pharmaceutical industry or food industry. nisin can inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria by binding to lipid ii and by making pores in their membrane. the c-terminal part of nisin is ...	2015	25688235
interaction of graphene family materials with listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica.	graphene family materials have unique properties, which make them valuable for a range of applications. the antibacterial properties of graphene have been reported; however, findings have been contradictory. this study reports on the antimicrobial proprieties of three different graphene materials (pristine graphene (pg), graphene oxide (go), and reduced graphene oxide (rgo)) against the food-borne bacterial pathogens listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica. a high concentration (250 μg/ml ...	2015	25685114
temperature affects c-di-gmp signalling and biofilm formation in vibrio cholerae.	biofilm formation is crucial to the environmental survival and transmission of vibrio cholerae, the facultative human pathogen responsible for the disease cholera. during its infectious cycle, v. cholerae experiences fluctuations in temperature within the aquatic environment and during the transition between human host and aquatic reservoirs. in this study, we report that biofilm formation is induced at low temperatures through increased levels of the signalling molecule, cyclic diguanylate (c-d ...	2015	25684220
the expression of propionicin plg-1 gene (plg-1) by lactic starters.	propionicin plg-1 is a bacteriocin produced by propionibacterium thoenii p127. such bacteriocin inhibits wide range of food-borne pathogens such as pathogenic escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, vibrio parahaemolyticus, yersinia enterocolitica and a strain of corynebacterium sp. in the present study, plg-1 gene expressing propionicin plg-1 was isolated, sequenced for the first time and the resulting sequence was analysed using several web-based bioinformatics programs. the pcr product cont ...	2015	25684078
ph-responsive deoxyribonucleic acid capture/release by polydopamine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles.	polydopamine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (pda@fe3o4) were prepared and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, zeta potential and vibrating sample magnetometry. they were found to enable highly efficient capture of genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (dna). the adsorption capacity of pda@fe3o4 for genomic dna can reach 161 mg g(-1). the extraction protocol used aqueous solutions for dna binding to and releasing from the surface of the magnetic particl ...	2015	25682426
[septic vasculitis caused by listeria monocytogenes].	septic vasculitis is a medium and small-vessel vasculitis caused by direct action of pathogens, associated with bacteremia. it is an uncommon condition; clinical manifestations include purpura, ulcers and vesicles-pustules. most cases of septic vasculitis are related to meningococcemia. there are no cases reported in medical literature associated to listeria spp. we report a case of a 71 year-old man who presented sepsis by listeria monocytogenes, and then evolved with purpuric skin lesions. ski ...	2014	25679934
hplc/ms analysis of polyphenols, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of artabotrys hildebrandtii o. hffm. extracts.	the purpose of this work was to evaluate chemical constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of artabotrys hildebrandtii, an endemic medicinal plant from madagascar. ethanol extracts from the leaves and stem bark were tested to evaluate dpph free radical scavenging, using butylated hydroxytoluene and quercetin as standard antioxidants. an high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method was developed to investigate the presence of phenolic compounds in the studied samp ...	2015	25679267
protective dendritic cell responses against listeriosis induced by the short form of the deubiquitinating enzyme cyld are inhibited by full-length cyld.	the deubiquitinating enzyme cyld is an important tumor suppressor and inhibitor of immune responses. in contrast to full-length cyld, the immunological function of the naturally occurring short splice variant of cyld (scyld) is insufficiently described. previously, we showed that dcs, which lack full-length cyld but express scyld, exhibit augmented nf-κb and dc activation. to explore the function of scyld in infection, we investigated whether dc-specific scyld regulates the pathogenesis of liste ...	2015	25675948
a case report of listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis in general hospital "dr radivoj simonovir" sombor.	listeria monocytogenes is one of the most common causes of bacterial central nervous system infections in adults. it often affects immunicompromised and elderly patients. even with appropriate antimicrobial treatment, mortality due to listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis is among the highest of all causes of bacterial central nervous system infections.	2015	25675833
nisin as a food preservative: part 1: physicochemical properties, antimicrobial activity, and main uses.	nisin is a natural preservative for many food products. this bacteriocin is mainly used in dairy and meat products. nisin inhibits pathogenic food borne bacteria such as listeria monocytogenes and many other gram-positive food spoilage microorganisms. nisin can be used alone or in combination with other preservatives or also with several physical treatments. this paper reviews physicochemical and biological properties of nisin, the main factors affecting its antimicrobial effectiveness, and its ...	2016	25675115
evaluation of transcription levels of inla, inlb, hly, bsh and prfa genes in listeria monocytogenes strains using quantitative reverse-transcription pcr and ability of invasion into human caco-2 cells.	listeria monocytogenes virulence depends on the activity of well-characterized virulence factors. in this study, transcription levels of inla, inlb, hly, bsh and prfa genes in l. monocytogenes strains, and the ability of invasion into caco-2 cells were investigated. serotyping, multiplex-pcr for serovar identification and restriction fragment analysis of inla were performed. transcription levels and invasiveness were evaluated by quantitative reverse-transcription pcr and by in vitro assays, res ...	2015	25673285
in vitro protective effect of lactic acid bacteria on listeria monocytogenes adhesion and invasion of caco-2 cells.	the adhesion of listeria monocytogenes to intestinal endothelial cells is a crucial step in the infection process, which is not well understood. in this study, we evaluated the potential ability of bacteriocin-producing enterococcus faecium, leuconostoc mesenteroides and lactobacillus sakei strains to prevent the adhesion and invasion of eukaryotic cells by ten different l. monocytogenes isolates. the results showed that e. faecium 130 co-cultured with l. monocytogenes was the most effective in ...	2015	25672897
mir-182 is largely dispensable for adaptive immunity: lack of correlation between expression and function.	microrna (mir)-mediated regulation of protein abundance is a pervasive mechanism of directing cellular processes. the well-studied and abundant mir-182 has previously been implicated in many aspects of t cell function, dna repair, and cancer. in this study, we show that mir-182 is the most highly induced mir in b cells undergoing class-switch recombination. to elucidate the requirement of mir-182 in lymphocyte function, we extensively characterized mice with a targeted deletion of mir182. we sho ...	2015	25672759
organelle targeting during bacterial infection: insights from listeria.	listeria monocytogenes, a facultative intracellular bacterium responsible for severe foodborne infections, is now recognized as a multifaceted model in infection biology. comprehensive studies of the molecular and cellular basis of the infection have unraveled how the bacterium crosses the intestinal and feto-placental barriers, invades several cell types in which it multiplies and moves, and spreads from cell to cell. interestingly, although listeria does not actively invade host cell organelle ...	2015	25670529
listeria monocytogenes varies among strains to maintain intracellular ph homeostasis under stresses by different acids as analyzed by a high-throughput microplate-based fluorometry.	listeria monocytogenes, a food-borne pathogen, has the capacity to maintain intracellular ph (phi) homeostasis in acidic environments, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. here, we report a simple microplate-based fluorescent method to determine phi of listerial cells that were prelabeled with the fluorescent dye carboxyfluorescein diacetate n-succinimidyl ester and subjected to acid stress. we found that l. monocytogenes responds differently among strains toward organic and inorganic a ...	2015	25667585
the class ii phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate kinase pik3c2a promotes shigella flexneri dissemination through formation of vacuole-like protrusions.	intracellular pathogens such as shigella flexneri and listeria monocytogenes achieve dissemination in the intestinal epithelium by displaying actin-based motility in the cytosol of infected cells. as they reach the cell periphery, motile bacteria form plasma membrane protrusions that resolve into vacuoles in adjacent cells, through a poorly understood mechanism. here, we report on the role of the class ii phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate kinase pik3c2a in s. flexneri dissemination. time-lapse mi ...	2015	25667265
probiotic potential of lactobacillus strains isolated from sorghum-based traditional fermented food.	sorghum-based traditional fermented food was screened for potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria. the isolates were identified by biochemical, physiological and genetic methods. species identification was done by 16s rrna sequence analysis. the functional probiotic potential of the two lactobacillus species viz., lactobacillus plantarum (lact. plantarum) and lactobacillus pentosus (lact. pentosus) was assessed by different standard parameters. the strains were tolerant to ph 2 for 1 h and resi ...	2015	25666113
g0s2 modulates homeostatic proliferation of naïve cd8⁺ t cells and inhibits oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria.	since its discovery, diverse functions have been attributed to the g0/g1 switch gene 2 (g0s2), from lipid metabolism to control of cell proliferation. our group showed for the first time that g0s2 promotes quiescence in hematopoietic stem cells by interacting with and retaining nucleolin around the nucleus. herein, we report the role of g0s2 in the differentiation and function of cd8(+) t cells examined in mice with an embryonic deletion of the g0s2 gene. g0s2 expression in naïve cd8(+) t cells ...	2015	25666096
efficacies of nisin a and nisin v semipurified preparations alone and in combination with plant essential oils for controlling listeria monocytogenes.	the food-borne pathogenic bacterium listeria is known for relatively low morbidity and high mortality rates, reaching up to 25 to 30%. listeria is a hardy organism, and its control in foods represents a significant challenge. many naturally occurring compounds, including the bacteriocin nisin and a number of plant essential oils, have been widely studied and are reported to be effective as antimicrobial agents against spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. the aim of this study was to investiga ...	2015	25662980
listeria monocytogenes exopolysaccharide: origin, structure, biosynthetic machinery and c-di-gmp-dependent regulation.	elevated levels of the second messenger c-di-gmp activate biosynthesis of an unknown exopolysaccharide (eps) in the food-borne pathogen listeria monocytogenes. this eps strongly protects cells against disinfectants and desiccation, indicating its potential significance for listerial persistence in the environment and for food safety. we analyzed the potential phylogenetic origin of this eps, determined its complete structure, characterized genes involved in its biosynthesis and hydrolysis and id ...	2015	25662512
synergy among thymol, eugenol, berberine, cinnamaldehyde and streptomycin against planktonic and biofilm-associated food-borne pathogens.	essential oils have been found to exert antibacterial, antifungal, spasmolytic, and antiplasmodial activity and therapeutic effect in cancer treatment. in this study, the antibacterial activities of four main essential oils' components (thymol (thy), eugenol (eug), berberine (ber), and cinnamaldehyde (cin)) were evaluated against two food-borne pathogens, listeria monocytogenes and salmonella typhimurium, either alone or in combination with streptomycin. checkerboard assay demonstrated that thy ...	2015	25661823
brain abscess following rituximab infusion in a patient with pemphigus vulgaris.	immunocompromised patients are at increased risk for developing meningitis or, rarely, brain abscess with opportunistic organisms like listeria monocytogenes.	2015	25659437
a gold glyco-nanoparticle carrying a listeriolysin o peptide and formulated with advax™ delta inulin adjuvant induces robust t-cell protection against listeria infection.	in the search for an effective vaccine against the human pathogen, listeria monocytogenes (listeria), gold glyconanoparticles (gnp) loaded with a listeriolysin o peptide llo91-99 (gnp-llo) were used to immunise mice, initially using a dendritic cell (dc) vaccine approach, but subsequently using a standard parenteral immunisation approach. to enhance vaccine immunogenicity a novel polysaccharide adjuvant based on delta inulin (advax™) was also co-formulated with the gnp vaccine. confirming previo ...	2015	25659269
pfge standard operating procedures for listeria monocytogenes: harmonizing the typing of food and clinical strains in europe.	listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen responsible for a severe disease known as listeriosis. the european centre for disease prevention and control (ecdc) coordinates a network of national public health laboratories (nphls) in charge of typing clinical strains. in food, it is the european union reference laboratory for l. monocytogenes (eurl lm), which manages a network of national reference laboratories (nrls). a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) standard operating procedure (eur ...	2015	25658711
whole-genome sequence of listeria monocytogenes strains from clinical and environmental samples from varanasi, india.	we present here the whole-genome sequences of listeria monocytogenes from ganges river water, agricultural soil, and human clinical samples from varanasi, india, which will be used for a comparative analysis.	2015	25657276
draft genome sequence of listeria monocytogenes lm201, isolated from foodstuff.	listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular foodborne pathogen that can cause listeriosis in humans and animals. l. monocytogenes lm201 was isolated from foodstuff. the draft genome sequence of strain lm201 provides the genetic basis for the application of this strain in biotechnological vaccine production.	2015	25657267
characterization of polar lipids of listeria monocytogenes by hcd and low-energy cad linear ion-trap mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization.	listeria monocytogenes (l. monocytogenes) is a facultative, gram-positive, food-borne bacterium, which causes serious infections. although it is known that lipids play important roles in the survival of listeria, the detailed structures of these lipids have not been established. in this contribution, we described linear ion-trap multiple-stage mass spectrometric approaches with high-resolution mass spectrometry toward complete structural analysis including the identities of the fatty acid substi ...	2015	25656850
listeria monocytogenes as a cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a rare entity.	listeria is an uncommon cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp) in the united states. listeria should be suspected as a cause of sbp when the patient has diphtheria-like organisms on ascitic/blood cultures, iron overload/hemochromatosis, exposure to farm animals, or poor response to empiric therapy within 48-72 h. diagnosis of sbp is made if the ascitic fluid shows polymorphonuclear cell count >250 cells/mm(3) without an intra-abdominal source of infection. ampicillin with or without an ...	2015	25656671
behavior of listeria monocytogenes in a multi-species biofilm with enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium and control through sanitation procedures.	the formation of mono-species biofilm (listeria monocytogenes) and multi-species biofilms (enterococcus faecium, enterococcus faecalis, and l. monocytogenes) was evaluated. in addition, the effectiveness of sanitation procedures for the control of the multi-species biofilm also was evaluated. the biofilms were grown on stainless steel coupons at various incubation temperatures (7, 25 and 39°c) and contact times (0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days). in all tests, at 7°c, the microbial counts were below 0.4 ...	2015	25655573
microfluidic filtration and extraction of pathogens from food samples by hydrodynamic focusing and inertial lateral migration.	detecting pathogenic bacteria in food or other biological samples with lab-on-a-chip (loc) devices requires several sample preparation steps prior to analysis which commonly involves cleaning complex sample matrices of large debris. this often underestimated step is important to prevent these larger particles from clogging devices and to preserve initial concentrations when loc techniques are used to concentrate or isolate smaller target microorganisms for downstream analysis. in this context, w ...	2015	25653055
extraction, characterization and antimicrobial activity of sulfated polysaccharides from fish skins.	sulfated polysaccharides were extracted from gray triggerfish (gtsp) and smooth hound (shsp) skins. their chemical and physical characteristics were determined using x-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopic analysis. the antibacterial activities of gtsp and shsp against listeria monocytogenes (atcc 43251), staphylococcus aureus (atcc 25923), enterococcus faecalis (atcc 29212), escherichia coli (atcc 25922), salmonella enterica (atcc 43972) and enterobacter sp were evaluated by determining cl ...	2015	25647621
septicemic listeriosis in wild hares from saskatchewan, canada.	the bacterium listeria monocytogenes causes disease in a wide variety of mammals including rabbits and hares. we describe naturally acquired metritis and septicemic listeriosis in wild female hares from saskatchewan, canada. between april 2012 and july 2013, two white-tailed jackrabbits (lepus townsendii) and a snowshoe hare (lepus americanus) were presented to the veterinary medical centre at the western college of veterinary medicine, saskatoon, saskatchewan, canada with nonspecific neurologic ...	2015	25647601
interferon γ-induced gtpase promotes invasion of listeria monocytogenes into trophoblast giant cells.	listeria monocytogenes is well known for having the ability to cross the placental barrier, leading to fetal infections and abortion. however, the mechanisms leading to infectious abortion are poorly understood. in this study, we demonstrate that interferon γ-induced gtpase (igtp) contributes to the invasion of l. monocytogenes into trophoblast giant (tg) cells, which are placental immune cells. knockdown of igtp in tg cells decreased the relative efficiencies of l. monocytogenes invasion. moreo ...	2015	25645570
comparative study of the effects of citral on the growth and injury of listeria innocua and listeria monocytogenes cells.	this study investigates the effect of citral on growth and on the occurrence of sublethal damage in listeria innocua serovar 6a (cect 910) and listeria monocytogenes serovar 4b (cect 4032) cells that were exposed to citral as a natural antimicrobial agent. two initial inoculum concentrations were considered in this investigation: 10(2) and 10(6) cfu/ml. citral exhibited antilisterial activity against l. innocua and l. monocytogenes, and the observed effects were dependent on the concentration of ...	2015	25643164
genetic diversity and some aspects of antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from goat milk.	lactic acid bacteria (lab, n = 57) were previously obtained from raw goat milk, identified as lactococcus spp. (n = 24) and enterococcus spp. (n = 33), and characterized as bacteriocinogenic. fingerprinting by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) demonstrated high genetic diversity, and 30 strains were selected and exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against 46 target strains (lab, spoilage, and foodborne pathogens). six strains (lactococcus lactis: glc03 and glc05; and enterococcus duran ...	2015	25637509
contribution of the multiple type i signal peptidases to the secretome of listeria monocytogenes: deciphering their specificity for secreted exoproteins by exoproteomic analysis.	as commonly seen in monoderm bacteria, listeria monocytogenes possesses multiple membrane-bound signal peptidases of type i (spases i) called sipx, sipy and sipz. in order to decipher their respective contribution in an integrated and global view, the complement of the secretome corresponding to the exoproteome was resolved by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de). this was performed for l. monocytogenes sipx(-), sipy(-), sipz(-) single mutants, as well as for δsipxy and δsipyz double mutan ...	2015	25637307
src-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of non-muscle myosin heavy chain-iia restricts listeria monocytogenes cellular infection.	bacterial pathogens often interfere with host tyrosine phosphorylation cascades to control host responses and cause infection. given the role of tyrosine phosphorylation events in different human infections and our previous results showing the activation of the tyrosine kinase src upon incubation of cells with listeria monocytogenes, we searched for novel host proteins undergoing tyrosine phosphorylation upon l. monocytogenes infection. we identify the heavy chain of the non-muscle myosin iia (n ...	2015	25635050
an assessment of the human health impact of seven leading foodborne pathogens in the united states using disability adjusted life years.	we explored the overall impact of foodborne disease caused by seven leading foodborne pathogens in the united states using the disability adjusted life year (daly). we defined health states for each pathogen (acute illness and sequelae) and estimated the average annual incidence of each health state using data from public health surveillance and previously published estimates from studies in the united states, canada and europe. these pathogens caused about 112 000 dalys annually due to foodborn ...	2015	25633631
phenolic acids profile, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of chamomile, common yarrow and immortelle (asteraceae).	chamomile, common yarrow and immortelle ethanolic extracts were chemically analysed with respect to phenolics. twelve phenolic acids were separated and identified by hplc-dad and the presence of rosmarinic acid was additionally confirmed by lc-ms. five methods were applied for the evaluation of extracts' antioxidant properties (frap, dpph, abts, chelating activity, briggs-rauscher reaction), while the antibacterial activity was tested against some of the major food-borne pathogens (campylobacter ...	2014	25632475
structure and mechanism of the caseinolytic protease clpp1/2 heterocomplex from listeria monocytogenes.	listeria monocytogenes is a devastating bacterial pathogen. its virulence and intracellular stress tolerance are supported by caseinolytic protease p (clpp), an enzyme that is conserved among bacteria. l. monocytogenes expresses two clpp isoforms that are only distantly related by sequence and differ in catalysis, oligomerization, active-site composition, and n-terminal interaction sites for associated aaa(+) chaperones. the crystal structure of the clpp1/2 heterocomplex from l. monocytogenes wa ...	2015	25630955
empirical antibiotic cover for listeria monocytogenes infection beyond the neonatal period: a time for change?		2015	25628458
functional properties of peanut fractions on the growth of probiotics and foodborne bacterial pathogens.	various compounds found in peanut (arachis hypogaea) have been shown to provide multiple benefits to human health and may influence the growth of a broad range of gut bacteria. in this study, we investigated the effects of peanut white kernel and peanut skin on 3 strains of lactobacillus and 3 major foodborne enteric bacterial pathogens. significant (p < 0.05) growth stimulation of lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus rhamnosus was observed in the presence of 0.5% peanut flour (pf) made from pe ...	2015	25627431
shelf life determination of sliced portuguese traditional blood sausage--morcela de arroz de monchique through microbiological challenge and consumer test.	morcela de arroz (ma) is a ready-to-eat blood and rice cooked sausage produced with pork, blood, rice, and seasonings, stuffed in natural casing and cooked above 90 °c/30 min. it is commercialized whole, not packed, with a restricted shelf life (1 wk/0 to 5 °c). the objective of this work was to establish sliced ma shelf life considering both the behavior of l. monocytogenes through a microbiological challenge test (mct) and the consumer acceptability of ma stored: vacuum packed (vp), modified a ...	2015	25627176
pi3-kinase activation is critical for host barrier permissiveness to listeria monocytogenes.	invasion of nonphagocytic cells, a critical property of listeria monocytogenes (lm) that enables it to cross host barriers, is mediated by the interaction of two bacterial surface proteins, inla and inlb, with their respective receptors e-cadherin and c-met. although inla-e-cadherin interaction is necessary and sufficient for lm crossing of the intestinal barrier, both inla and inlb are required for lm crossing of the placental barrier. the mechanisms underlying these differences are unknown. ph ...	2015	25624443
development and application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays based on its-1 for rapid detection of toxoplasma gondii in pork.	the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay is a novel method that rapidly amplifies dna with high specificity and sensitivity under isothermal conditions. in this study, we established a lamp assay with six primers targeting a highly conserved region of toxoplasma gondii its-1 sequence. the amplification protocol completes within 30 min under isothermal condition in a 65°c water bath while specificity tests confirmed no cross-reactivity with dna templates of neospora caninum, eimeri ...	2015	25624074
nonviral oncogenic antigens and the inflammatory signals driving early cancer development as targets for cancer immunoprevention.	cancer immunoprevention is an emerging field that holds much promise. within the past 20 years, prophylactic vaccines have been implemented on the population level for the immunoprevention of carcinomas induced by viruses, specifically hepatitis b virus (hbv) and human papillomavirus (hpv) infection. armed with the success of prophylactic vaccines that prevent viral-induced tumors, the field must overcome its next hurdle: to develop robust prophylactic vaccines that prevent the remaining >80% of ...	2015	25623216
cerebrospinal fluid pcr analysis and biochemistry in bodies with severe decomposition.	the aim of this study was to assess whether neisseria meningitidis, listeria monocytogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae can be identified using the polymerase chain reaction technique in the cerebrospinal fluid of severely decomposed bodies with known, noninfectious causes of death or whether postmortem changes can lead to false positive results and thus erroneous diagnostic information. biochemical investigations, postmortem bacteriology and real-time polymerase chain re ...	2015	25623190
sunlight-induced rapid and efficient biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extract of ocimum sanctum linn. with enhanced antibacterial activity.	nanotechnology is now regarded as a distinct field of research in modern science and technology with multifaceted areas including biomedical applications. among the various approaches currently available for the generation of metallic nanoparticles, biogenic synthesis is of increasing demand for the purpose of green nanotechnology. among various natural sources, plant materials are the most readily available template-directing matrix offering cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, and easy handli ...	2014	25621198
impact of the contamination level and the background flora on the growth of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat diced poultry.	the food safety criteria that have been incorporated in european regulation (ec) no2073/2005 (official journal of the european union l, 338, 2005, 1), for listeria monocytogenes in ready-to eat (rte) foods, specify a maximum allowable concentration of 100 cfu g(-1) or ml(-1) . some factors such as ph, salt and modified atmosphere packaging (map) are used to prevent the growth of l. monocytogenes in order to comply with the limit. interactions between background microflora (bm) and l. monocytogen ...	2015	25619748
evaluation of haccp system implementation on the quality of mixed fresh-cut salad prepared in a university canteen: a case study.	the increasing awareness that foods can represent vehicles for health risk factors has caused scientists and public authorities to multiply their efforts to reduce these risks to within acceptable limits. nevertheless, some challenging issues still remain unsolved and new ones have recently emerged, such as the increase in outbreaks of foodborne diseases originating from the consumption of meals at catering facilities. the study described in this article was aimed at evaluating the microbiologic ...	2015	25619040
type i interferons in infectious disease.	type i interferons (ifns) have diverse effects on innate and adaptive immune cells during infection with viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi, directly and/or indirectly through the induction of other mediators. type i ifns are important for host defence against viruses. however, recently, they have been shown to cause immunopathology in some acute viral infections, such as influenza virus infection. conversely, they can lead to immunosuppression during chronic viral infections, such as lympho ...	2015	25614319
effects of climate change on the persistence and dispersal of foodborne bacterial pathogens in the outdoor environment: a review.	according to the intergovernmental panel on climate change (ipcc), warming of the climate system is unequivocal. over the coming century, warming trends such as increased duration and frequency of heat waves and hot extremes are expected in some areas, as well as increased intensity of some storm systems. climate-induced trends will impact the persistence and dispersal of foodborne pathogens in myriad ways, especially for environmentally ubiquitous and/or zoonotic microorganisms. animal hosts of ...	2016	25612827
risk-based control of food-borne pathogens listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica in the italian fermented sausages cacciatore and felino.	fermentation is the most important killing step during production of fermented meats to eliminate food-borne pathogens. the objective was to evaluate whether the food-borne pathogens listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica may survive during the production of two italian fermented sausages. sausage batter was inoculated with five strains of l. monocytogenes or s. enterica (ca. 10(5)-10(6) cfu/g) and their kinetic behavior was monitored during production. both pathogens survived relatively ...	2015	25612557
physicochemical and hygienic effects of lactobacillus acidophilus in iranian white cheese.	increasing incidence of food-borne disease along with its social and economic consequences have led to conducting extensive research in order to produce safer food and develop new antimicrobial agents; among them, extensive use of probiotics and bacteriocins as biological additives is of significant importance. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the interactions (growth behavior and survival) of listeria monocytogenes and lactobacillus acidophilus in various stages of production, ripen ...	2012	25610568
structural and biochemical analysis of the essential diadenylate cyclase cdaa from listeria monocytogenes.	the recently identified second messenger cyclic di-amp (c-di-amp) is involved in several important cellular processes, such as cell wall metabolism, maintenance of dna integrity, ion transport, transcription regulation, and allosteric regulation of enzyme function. interestingly, c-di-amp is essential for growth of the gram-positive model bacterium bacillus subtilis. although the genome of b. subtilis encodes three c-di-amp-producing diadenlyate cyclases that can functionally replace each other, ...	2015	25605729
[listeriosis in mexico: clinical and epidemiological importance].	listeriosis is caused by listeria monocytogenes, an important food-borne disease due to its clinical forms, high mortality rate, and the economic impact in both clinical and food production industries. in mexico, the lack of epidemiological surveillance systems leads to the need of accurate data on the incidence of listeriosis and its association with food-borne disease. in this paper, we present data about the presence of this bacterium in food, reports related to clinical cases of listeriosis, ...	2017	25604418
pregnancy related listeriosis: treatment and control.	listeriosis during pregnancy usually presents as an unremarkable febrile illness in the mother but can be fatal for the fetus and newborn. reliable laboratory testing for early diagnosis is lacking. serological antibody tests and bacteriological stool tests are not helpful since listeria-specific antibodies and stool cultures yielding the organism can be found in healthy pregnant women. because early diagnosis is difficult, diagnosis is usually made by culturing the pathogen from blood, cerebros ...	2015	25604158
structure and heme-binding properties of hemq (chlorite dismutase-like protein) from listeria monocytogenes.	chlorite dismutase-like proteins are structurally closely related to functional chlorite dismutases which are heme b-dependent oxidoreductases capable of reducing chlorite to chloride with simultaneous production of dioxygen. chlorite dismutase-like proteins are incapable of performing this reaction and their biological role is still under discussion. recently, members of this large protein family were shown to be involved in heme biosynthesis in gram-positive bacteria, and thus the protein was ...	2015	25602700
proteome mining for drug target identification in listeria monocytogenes strain egd-e and structure-based virtual screening of a candidate drug target penicillin binding protein 4.	we used a combination of in-silico approaches to identify 168 promising drug targets in the proteome of a multidrug-resistant listeria monocytogenes strain; of these, one (pbp4) was particularly promising. virtual screening using it, followed by reverse docking, revealed four compounds namely nci524121, cap332797, nci524136 and zinc00518462 as good multi-target leads.	2015	25601791
a 3-year hygiene and safety monitoring of a meat processing plant which uses raw materials of global origin.	a systematic approach in monitoring the hygiene of a meat processing plant using classical microbiological analyses combined with molecular characterization tools may assist in the safety of the final products. this study aimed: (i) to evaluate the total hygiene level and, (ii) to monitor and characterize the occurrence and spread of salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogenes in the environment and the final products of a meat industry that processes meat of global origin. in total, 2541 samples ...	2015	25600954
phenotypic complementation of genetic immunodeficiency by chronic herpesvirus infection.	variation in the presentation of hereditary immunodeficiencies may be explained by genetic or environmental factors. patients with mutations in hoil1 (rbck1) present with amylopectinosis-associated myopathy with or without hyper-inflammation and immunodeficiency. we report that barrier-raised hoil-1-deficient mice exhibit amylopectin-like deposits in the myocardium but show minimal signs of hyper-inflammation. however, they show immunodeficiency upon acute infection with listeria monocytogenes, ...	2015	25599590
antibiotic susceptibility and prevalence of foodborne pathogens in poultry meat in romania.	the occurrence of pathogenic strains in poultry meat is of growing concern in romania. another problem found on a global level is the continuous increase of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from food. this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in poultry carcasses obtained in romania in 2012-2013 and to reveal the most prevalent patterns of antimicrobial resistance in the isolated strains.	2015	25596569
listeria phage and phage tail induction triggered by components of bacterial growth media (phosphate, licl, nalidixic acid, and acriflavine).	the detection of listeria monocytogenes from food is currently carried out using a double enrichment. for the iso methodology, this double enrichment is performed using half-fraser and fraser broths, in which the overgrowth of l. innocua can occur in samples where both species are present. in this study, we analyzed the induction of phages and phage tails of listeria spp. in these media and in two brain heart infusion (bhi) broths (bhim [biomérieux] and bhik [biokar]) to identify putative effect ...	2015	25595760
complete genome sequence of listeria monocytogenes ntsn, a serovar 4b and animal source strain.	listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen that causes infections in humans and animals and has a high mortality rate. the complete genome sequence of l. monocytogenes strain ntsn, a highly virulent and serovar 4b strain isolated from the brains of sheep in jiangsu province, china, is presented here.	2015	25593254
pathogen-expanded cd11b+ invariant nkt cells feedback inhibit t cell proliferation via membrane-bound tgf-β1.	natural killer t cells (nkt cells) are effector cells, but also regulator of immune response, which either promote or suppress immune response through production of different cytokines. however, the subsets of nkt cells with definite phenotype and regulatory function need to be further identified. furthermore, the mechanisms for nkt cells to regulate immune response remain to be fully elucidated. here we identified cd11b(+) invariant nkt (cd11b(+) inkt) cells as a new subset of regulatory nkt ce ...	2015	25592391
analytical bioconjugates, aptamers, enable specific quantitative detection of listeria monocytogenes.	as a major human pathogen in the listeria genus, listeria monocytogenes causes the bacterial disease listeriosis, which is a serious infection caused by eating food contaminated with the bacteria. we have developed an aptamer-based sandwich assay (absa) platform that demonstrates a promising potential for use in pathogen detection using aptamers as analytical bioconjugates. the whole-bacteria selex (wb-selex) strategy was adopted to generate aptamers with high affinity and specificity against li ...	2015	25590973
dexd-box rna-helicases in listeria monocytogenes are important for growth, ribosomal maturation, rrna processing and virulence factor expression.	rna-helicases are proteins required for the unwinding of occluding secondary rna structures, especially at low temperatures. in this work, we have deleted all 4 dexd-box rna helicases in various combinations in the gram-positive pathogen listeria monocytogenes. our results show that 3 out of 4 rna-helicases were important for growth at low temperatures, whereas the effect was less prominent at 37°c. over-expression of one rna-helicase, lmo1450, was able to overcome the reduced growth of the quad ...	2014	25590644
listeria arpj gene modifies t helper type 2 subset differentiation.	although the t-cell subset differentiation pathway has been characterized extensively from the view of host gene regulation, the effects of genes of the pathogen on t-cell subset differentiation during infection have yet to be elucidated. especially, the bacterial genes that are responsible for this shift have not yet been determined.	2015	25589336
antimicrobial potential of cauliflower, broccoli, and okara byproducts against foodborne bacteria.	the antimicrobial potential of cauliflower, broccoli, and okara byproducts was assessed against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, escherichia coli o157:h7, bacillus cereus, and listeria monocytogenes serovar 4b growth behavior was assessed under exposure to 5% vegetable byproducts added to the reference medium, buffered peptone water (0.1% [wt/vol]), at 37°c. although the byproducts were not effective against l. monocytogenes, they were bactericid ...	2015	25587927
listeria monocytogenes batch culture growth response to metabolic inhibitors.	in certain environments nutrient and energy sources available to microorganisms can be limited. foodborne pathogens must efficiently adapt in order to be successfully transmitted through the food chain to their hosts. for the intracellular foodborne pathogen listeria monocytogenes, little is known regarding its response to nutrient/energy-limiting conditions. the alternative stress responsive sigma factor σ(b) has been reported to contribute to survival under specific stresses. therefore, the ef ...	2015	25587784
genotypic analyses and virulence characterization of listeria monocytogenes isolates from crayfish (procambarus clarkii).	listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that can cause invasive illness in humans and farm animals. it is frequently isolated from dairy products and poultry. however, there have been few literatures on the genetic diversity and virulence potential of l. monocytogenes from freshwater animal. thirty-nine l. monocytogenes strains from crayfish were isolated and identified in this study. molecular subtyping and polymorphism of each isolate were analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (mlst). ...	2015	25586079
safety and survival with gvax pancreas prime and listeria monocytogenes-expressing mesothelin (crs-207) boost vaccines for metastatic pancreatic cancer.	gvax pancreas, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting allogeneic pancreatic tumor cells, induces t-cell immunity to cancer antigens, including mesothelin. gvax is administered with low-dose cyclophosphamide (cy) to inhibit regulatory t cells. crs-207, live-attenuated listeria monocytogenes-expressing mesothelin, induces innate and adaptive immunity. on the basis of preclinical synergy, we tested prime/boost vaccination with gvax and crs-207 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.	2015	25584002
an hd-domain phosphodiesterase mediates cooperative hydrolysis of c-di-amp to affect bacterial growth and virulence.	the nucleotide cyclic di-3',5'- adenosine monophosphate (c-di-amp) was recently identified as an essential and widespread second messenger in bacterial signaling. among c-di-amp-producing bacteria, altered nucleotide levels result in several physiological defects and attenuated virulence. thus, a detailed molecular understanding of c-di-amp metabolism is of both fundamental and practical interest. currently, c-di-amp degradation is recognized solely among dhh-dhha1 domain-containing phosphodiest ...	2015	25583510
evaluation of aqueous and alcohol-based quaternary ammonium sanitizers for inactivating salmonella spp., escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes on peanut and pistachio shells.	this study evaluated the efficacy of aqueous (aquat) and isopropyl alcohol-based quaternary ammonium (ipquat) sanitizers for reducing salmonella spp., escherichia coli o157:h7, or listeria monocytogenes populations on peanut and pistachio shell pieces. inoculated nutshells were mixed with quat sanitizers, water, or 70% ethanol and enumerated immediately or after incubation at 30 °c for 48 h. none of the treatments had any immediate effect on salmonella or e. coli o157:h7 populations on the peanu ...	2015	25583342
application of an oregano oil nanoemulsion to the control of foodborne bacteria on fresh lettuce.	although antimicrobial activities of plant essential oils are well documented, challenges remain as to their application in fresh produce due to the hydrophobic nature of essential oils. oregano oil nanoemulsions were formulated with a food-grade emulsifier and evaluated for their efficacy in inactivating the growth of foodborne bacteria on fresh lettuce. lettuce was artificially inoculated with listeria monocytogenes, salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli o157:h7, followed by a one-minute ...	2015	25583339
rapid identification and classification of campylobacter spp. using laser optical scattering technology.	campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are the two important species responsible for most of the campylobacter infections in humans. reliable isolation and detection of campylobacter spp. from food samples are challenging due to the interferences from complex food substances and the fastidious growth requirements of this organism. in this study, a novel biosensor-based detection called bardot (bacterial rapid detection using optical scattering technology) was developed for high-throughput s ...	2015	25583335
listeria monocytogenes in retail delicatessens: an interagency risk assessment-model and baseline results.	the interagency risk assessment-listeria monocytogenes (lm) in retail delicatessens provides a scientific assessment of the risk of listeriosis associated with the consumption of ready-to-eat (rte) foods commonly prepared and sold in the delicatessen (deli) of a retail food store. the quantitative risk assessment (qra) model simulates the behavior of retail employees in a deli department and tracks the lm potentially present in this environment and in the food. bacterial growth, bacterial inacti ...	2015	25581188
tannin-rich pomegranate rind extracts reduce adhesion to and invasion of caco-2 cells by listeria monocytogenes and decrease its expression of virulence genes.	pomegranate rind is rich in tannins that have remarkable antimicrobial activities. this study aimed to evaluate the effects of a tannin-rich fraction from pomegranate rind (tfpr) on listeria monocytogenes virulence gene expression and on the pathogen's interaction with human epithelial cells. growth curves were monitored to determine the effect of tfpr on l. monocytogenes growth. the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and fluorescence staining assays were used to examine ...	2015	25581187
comparison of desiccation tolerance among listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica, and cronobacter sakazakii in powdered infant formula.	bacterial pathogens such as listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica, and cronobacter sakazakii have demonstrated long-term survival in/on dry or low-water activity (aw) foods. however, there have been few comparative studies on the desiccation tolerance among these bacterial pathogens separately in a same food matrix. in the present study, the survival kinetics of the four bacterial pathogens separately inoculated onto powdered infant formula as a model low-aw food ...	2015	25581184
storage stability and antibacterial activity of eugenol nanoliposomes prepared by an ethanol injection-dynamic high-pressure microfluidization method.	eugenol is a major phenolic component with diverse biological activities. however, it is difficult to formulate into an aqueous solution due to poor water solubility, and this limits its application. in the present study, eugenol nanoliposomes (en) were prepared by combining the ethanol injection method with the dynamic high-pressure microfluidization method. good physicochemical characterizations of en were obtained. the successful encapsulation of eugenol in nanoliposomes was confirmed by four ...	2015	25581174
invading slugs (arion vulgaris) can be vectors for listeria monocytogenes.	listeriosis is a frequent silage-associated disease in ruminants. the slugs arion vulgaris are invaders in gardens, vegetable crops and meadows for silage production. field and laboratory studies were conducted to clarify whether slugs could host listeria monocytogenes and thereby constitute a threat to animal feed safety.	2015	25580873
comparison of five methods for direct extraction of surface proteins from listeria monocytogenes for proteomic analysis by orbitrap mass spectrometry.	extracts of surface proteins, with minimal artifacts from contaminating cytosolic components, are highly desirable for investigating surface factors involved in the attachment and formation of biofilms by bacteria that are problematic in commercial food processing facilities. in this study, we compared the protein profiles of the food pathogen, listeria monocytogenes, recovered after applying different surface protein extraction methods compiled from the literature: trypsin-enzymatic shaving wit ...	2015	25578509
liver-resident macrophage necroptosis orchestrates type 1 microbicidal inflammation and type-2-mediated tissue repair during bacterial infection.	kupffer cells, the phagocytes of fetal origin that line the liver sinusoids, are key contributors of host defense against enteroinvasive bacteria. here, we found that infection by listeria monocytogenes induced the early necroptotic death of kupffer cells, which was followed by monocyte recruitment and an anti-bacterial type 1 inflammatory response. kupffer cell death also triggered a type 2 response that involved the hepatocyte-derived alarmin interleukin-33 (il-33) and basophil-derived interle ...	2015	25577440
the effect of surface properties of polycrystalline, single phase metal coatings on bacterial retention.	in the food industry microbial contamination of surfaces can result in product spoilage which may lead to potential health problems of the consumer. surface properties can have a substantial effect on microbial retention. the surface characteristics of chemically different coatings (cu, ti, mo, ag, fe) were defined using white light profilometry (micro-topography and surface features), atomic force microscopy (nano-topography) and physicochemical measurements. the ag coating had the greatest top ...	2015	25576986
pulsed light treatment of different food types with a special focus on meat: a critical review.	today, the increasing demand for minimally processed foods that are at the same moment nutritious, organoleptically satisfactory, and free from microbial hazards challenges the research and development to establish alternative methods to reduce the level of bacterial contamination. as one of the recent emerging nonthermal methods, pulsed light (pl) constitutes a technology for the fast, mild, and residue-free surface decontamination of food and food contact materials in the processing environmen ...	2016	25575192
persistent and transient listeria monocytogenes strains from retail deli environments vary in their ability to adhere and form biofilms and rarely have inla premature stop codons.	based on recent risk assessments, up to 83% of listeriosis cases from deli meat in the united states are predicted to be from ready-to-eat deli meats contaminated during processing at retail grocery stores. listeria monocytogenes is known to use sanitizer tolerance and biofilm formation to survive, but interplay of these mechanisms along with virulence potential and persistence mechanisms specific to deli environments had yet to be elucidated. in this study, 442 isolates from food and nonfood co ...	2015	25569840
antibacterial activity of enterococcus faecium derived from koopeh cheese against listeria monocytogenes in probiotic ultra-filtrated cheese.	viability of probiotic bacteria in food during maintenance and time of consuming in food has become a challenge in food hygiene and technology and is important for representing their beneficial health effects. the aim of this study was to determine the survival of probiotic enterococcus faecium derived from koopeh cheese added to industrial iranian ultra-filtrated (uf) cheese and screening for antimicrobial activity of enterococcus faecium against listeria monocytogenes during two months of chee ...	2014	25568714
glutathione activates virulence gene expression of an intracellular pathogen.	intracellular pathogens are responsible for much of the world-wide morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases. to colonize their hosts successfully, pathogens must sense their environment and regulate virulence gene expression appropriately. accordingly, on entry into mammalian cells, the facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen listeria monocytogenes remodels its transcriptional program by activating the master virulence regulator prfa. here we show that bacterial and host-derived g ...	2015	25567281
the tyrosine kinase itk suppresses cd8+ memory t cell development in response to bacterial infection.	vaccine efficacy depends on strong long-term development of immune memory and the formation of memory cd8(+) t cells is critical for recall responses to infection. upon antigen recognition by naïve t cells, the strength of the tcr signal influences the subsequent effector and memory cells differentiation. here, we have examined the role of itk, a tyrosine kinase critical for tcr signaling, in cd8(+) effector and memory t cell differentiation during listeria monocytogenes infection. we found that ...	2015	25567129
oregano essential oil-pectin edible films as anti-quorum sensing and food antimicrobial agents.	edible films can be used as carriers for antimicrobial compounds to assure food safety and quality; in addition, pathogenesis of food bacteria is related to a cell to cell communication mechanism called quorum sensing (qs). oregano essential oil (oeo) has proved to be useful as food antimicrobial; however, its food applications can be compromised by the volatile character of its active constituents. therefore, formulation of edible films containing oeo can be an alternative to improve its food u ...	2014	25566215
listeria monocytogenes has a functional chitinolytic system and an active lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase.	chitinases and chitin-active lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (lpmos) are most commonly associated with chitin metabolism, but are also reported as virulence factors in pathogenic bacteria. listeria monocytogenes, a well-known virulent bacterium, possesses two chitinases (chia and chib) and a multi-modular lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (lmlpmo10). these enzymes have been related to virulence and their role in chitin metabolism is poorly understood. it is thus of interest to functionally ...	2015	25565565
suppression of toll-like receptor-mediated innate immune responses at the ocular surface by the membrane-associated mucins muc1 and muc16.	membrane-associated mucins (mams) expressed on the ocular surface epithelium form a dense glycocalyx that is hypothesized to protect the cornea and conjunctiva from external insult. in this study, the hypothesis that the mams muc1 and muc16, expressed on the apical surface of the corneal epithelium, suppress toll-like receptor (tlr)-mediated innate immune responses was tested. using an in vitro model of corneal epithelial cells that are cultured to express mams, we show that reduced expression o ...	2015	25563498