Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| salt-dependent regulation of a cng channel subfamily in arabidopsis. | in arabidopsis thaliana, the family of cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (cngcs) is composed of 20 members. previous studies indicate that plant cngcs are involved in the control of growth processes and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. according to their proposed function as cation entry pathways these channels contribute to cellular cation homeostasis, including calcium and sodium, as well as to stress-related signal transduction. here, we studied the expression patterns and regulation ... | 2009 | 19943938 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa ospr is an oxidative stress sensing regulator that affects pigment production, antibiotic resistance and dissemination during infection. | oxidative stress is one of the main challenges bacteria must cope with during infection. here, we identify a new oxidative stress sensing and response ospr (oxidative stress response and pigment production regulator) gene in pseudomonas aeruginosa. deletion of ospr leads to a significant induction in h(2)o(2) resistance. this effect is mediated by de-repression of pa2826, which lies immediately upstream of ospr and encodes a glutathione peroxidase. constitutive expression of ospr alters pigment ... | 2010 | 19943895 |
| disruption of the chitin synthase gene chs1 from fusarium asiaticum results in an altered structure of cell walls and reduced virulence. | natural resistance of wheat against fusarium head blight (fhb) is inadequate and new strategies for controlling the disease are required. chitin synthases that catalyze chitin biosynthesis would be an ideal target for antifungal agents. in this study, a class i chitin synthase gene (chs1) from fusarium asiaticum, the predominant species of fhb pathogens on wheat in china, was functionally disrupted via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. specific disruption of the chs1 gene result ... | 2010 | 19941967 |
| gene disruption and characterization of a class v chitin synthase in botrytis cinerea. | cell-wall chitin biosynthesis in the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea involves 7 classes of chitin synthases. in this study, we disrupted a gene encoding a chitin synthase with a myosin-like motor domain (bcchsv) through agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation. the resulting mutant was not significantly affected in either growth characteristics or pathogenicity on tomato leaves. surprisingly, the bcchsv mutant exhibited a 31% (m/m) increase in its chitin content compared with th ... | 2009 | 19940935 |
| the cytochrome p450 cyp86a22 is a fatty acyl-coa omega-hydroxylase essential for estolide synthesis in the stigma of petunia hybrida. | the stigmatic estolide is a lipid-based polyester constituting the major component of exudate in solanaceous plants. although the exudate is believed to play important roles in the pollination process, the biosynthetic pathway of stigmatic estolide, including genes encoding the key enzymes, remains unknown. here we report the cloning and characterization of the cytochrome p450 gene cyp86a22, which encodes a fatty acyl-coa omega-hydroxylase involved in estolide biosynthesis in the stigma of petun ... | 2009 | 19940120 |
| overexpression of serine acetlytransferase produced large increases in o-acetylserine and free cysteine in developing seeds of a grain legume. | there have been many attempts to increase concentrations of the nutritionally essential sulphur amino acids by modifying their biosynthetic pathway in leaves of transgenic plants. this report describes the first modification of cysteine biosynthesis in developing seeds; those of the grain legume, narrow leaf lupin (lupinus angustifolius, l.). expression in developing lupin embryos of a serine acetyltransferase (sat) from arabidopsis thaliana (atsat1 or atserat 2;1) was associated with increases ... | 2009 | 19939888 |
| eukaryotic release factor 1-2 affects arabidopsis responses to glucose and phytohormones during germination and early seedling development. | germination and early seedling development are coordinately regulated by glucose and phytohormones such as aba, ga, and ethylene. however, the molecules that affect plant responses to glucose and phytohormones remain to be fully elucidated. eukaryotic release factor 1 (erf1) is responsible for the recognition of the stop codons in mrnas during protein synthesis. accumulating evidence indicates that erf1 functions in other processes in addition to translation termination. the physiological role o ... | 2009 | 19939886 |
| [antitumor activity of some complex preparations in the culture of potato cells transformed by agrobacterium tumefaciens]. | antitumor and antibacterial activity of complex preparations consisting of yeast mannan, diacetile-2,4-dioxohexahidro-1,3,5-triasine, cianohyanidine, alcansulfonic acids (emulsifier e-30), and microbial metabolites was studied. the investigation was carrying out on explants of tuber potato parenchyma infected by agrobacterium tumefaciens. we found that preparations have the antitumor activity. the most activity was exhibited by addition of preparations to the cultural medium and treatment of exp ... | 2009 | 19938633 |
| [influence of pseudomonas aureofaciens exopolysaccharides on tumour formation caused by agrobacterium tumefaciens]. | the ability of exopolysaccharides of pseudomonas aureofaciens strains ukm b-111 and ukm b-306, components of insectofungicidal preparation gaupsin, to influence the process of tumour formation caused by agrobacterium tumefaciens. bacterial polysaccharides, obtained on kozer medium with glucose (possible alginates) blocked agrobacterium cell adhesion by 29-49%. those obtained on the medium with sucrose polysaccharides (possible levans) by 30-75% inhibit later stages of tumour formation. the paper ... | 2009 | 19938600 |
| the coiled-coil domain of ehd2 mediates inhibition of leeix2 endocytosis and signaling. | endocytosis has been suggested to be crucial for the induction of plant immunity in several cases. we have previously shown that two arabidopsis proteins, atehd1 and atehd2, are involved in endocytosis in plant systems. atehd2 has an inhibitory effect on endocytosis of transferrin, fm-4-64, and leeix2. there are many works in mammalian systems detailing the importance of the various domains in ehds but, to date, the domains of plant ehd2 that are required for its inhibitory activity on endocytos ... | 2009 | 19936242 |
| developing a systems biology approach to study disease progression caused by heterodera glycines in glycine max. | 2007 | 19936075 | |
| the wrky6 transcription factor modulates phosphate1 expression in response to low pi stress in arabidopsis. | arabidopsis thaliana wrky family comprises 74 members and some of them are involved in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. this study demonstrated that wrky6 is involved in arabidopsis responses to low-pi stress through regulating phosphate1 (pho1) expression. wrky6 overexpression lines, similar to the pho1 mutant, were more sensitive to low pi stress and had lower pi contents in shoots compared with wild-type seedlings and the wrky6-1 mutant. immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated ... | 2009 | 19934380 |
| a study of new arabidopsis chloroplast rna editing mutants reveals general features of editing factors and their target sites. | rna editing in higher plant organelles results in the conversion of specific cytidine residues to uridine residues in rna. the recognition of a specific target c site by the editing machinery involves trans-acting factors that bind to the rna upstream of the c to be edited. in the last few years, analysis of mutants affected in chloroplast biogenesis has identified several pentatricopeptide repeat (ppr) proteins from the pls subfamily that are essential for the editing of particular rna transcri ... | 2009 | 19934379 |
| members of the lbd family of transcription factors repress anthocyanin synthesis and affect additional nitrogen responses in arabidopsis. | nitrogen (n) and nitrate (no(3)(-)) per se regulate many aspects of plant metabolism, growth, and development. n/no(3)(-) also suppresses parts of secondary metabolism, including anthocyanin synthesis. molecular components for this repression are unknown. we report that three n/no(3)(-)-induced members of the lateral organ boundary domain (lbd) gene family of transcription factors (lbd37, lbd38, and lbd39) act as negative regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis in arabidopsis thaliana. overexpres ... | 2009 | 19933203 |
| gnom-like1/ermo1 and sec24a/ermo2 are required for maintenance of endoplasmic reticulum morphology in arabidopsis thaliana. | the endoplasmic reticulum (er) is composed of tubules, sheets, and three-way junctions, resulting in a highly conserved polygonal network in all eukaryotes. the molecular mechanisms responsible for the organization of these structures are obscure. to identify novel factors responsible for er morphology, we employed a forward genetic approach using a transgenic arabidopsis thaliana plant (gfp-h) with fluorescently labeled er. we isolated two mutants with defects in er morphology and designated th ... | 2009 | 19933201 |
| [establishment of high efficiency genetic transformation system of maize mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens]. | in order to establish high-frequency regeneration and high-efficiency genetic transformation system in maize, the significance of the 11 factors influencing maize embryonic callus induction and 9 factors affecting embryonic callus differentiation was researched by orthogonal experiment. the results showed that genotype had highly significant impact on induction of embryonic callus. the concentration of 6-ba, agno3, 2,4-d, aba, and medium are the significant factors. the multi-comparison showed t ... | 2009 | 19933098 |
| use of nfsb, encoding nitroreductase, as a reporter gene to determine the mutational spectrum of spontaneous mutations in neisseria gonorrhoeae. | organisms that are sensitive to nitrofurantoin express a nitroreductase. since bacterial resistance to this compound results primarily from mutations in the gene encoding nitroreductase, the resulting loss of function of nitroreductase results in a selectable phenotype; resistance to nitrofurantoin. we exploited this direct selection for mutation to study the frequency at which spontaneous mutations arise (transitions and transversions, insertions and deletions). | 2009 | 19930647 |
| high-level hiv-1 nef transient expression in nicotiana benthamiana using the p19 gene silencing suppressor protein of artichoke mottled crinckle virus. | in recent years, different hiv antigens have been successfully expressed in plants by either stable transformation or transient expression systems. among hiv proteins, nef is considered a promising target for the formulation of a multi-component vaccine due to its implication in the first steps of viral infection. attempts to express nef as a single protein product (not fused to a stabilizing protein) in transgenic plants resulted in disappointingly low yields (about 0.5% of total soluble protei ... | 2009 | 19930574 |
| high level protein expression in plants through the use of a novel autonomously replicating geminivirus shuttle vector. | we constructed a novel autonomously replicating gene expression shuttle vector, with the aim of developing a system for transiently expressing proteins at levels useful for commercial production of vaccines and other proteins in plants. the vector, pric, is based on the mild strain of the geminivirus bean yellow dwarf virus (beydv-m) and is replicationally released into plant cells from a recombinant agrobacterium tumefaciens ti plasmid. pric differs from most other geminivirus-based vectors in ... | 2010 | 19929900 |
| new and unexpected insights into the modulation of luxr-type quorum sensing by cyclic dipeptides. | quorum sensing (qs) is under the control of n-acylated l-homoserine lactones (ahls) and their cognate receptors (luxr-type proteins) in gram-negative bacteria and plays a major role in mediating host-bacteria interactions by these species. certain cyclic dipeptides (2,5-diketopiperazines, dkps) have been isolated from bacteria and reported to activate or inhibit luxr-type proteins in ahl biosensor strains, albeit at significantly higher concentrations than native lactones. these reports have pro ... | 2009 | 19928886 |
| in vitro reconstitution of an abscisic acid signalling pathway. | the phytohormone abscisic acid (aba) regulates the expression of many genes in plants; it has critical functions in stress resistance and in growth and development. several proteins have been reported to function as aba receptors, and many more are known to be involved in aba signalling. however, the identities of aba receptors remain controversial and the mechanism of signalling from perception to downstream gene expression is unclear. here we show that by combining the recently identified aba ... | 2009 | 19924127 |
| in vivo imaging of the tonoplast intrinsic protein family in arabidopsis roots. | tonoplast intrinsic proteins (tips) are widely used as markers for vacuolar compartments in higher plants. ten tip isoforms are encoded by the arabidopsis genome. for several isoforms, the tissue and cell specific pattern of expression are not known. | 2009 | 19922653 |
| non-antibiotic selection systems for soybean somatic embryos: the lysine analog aminoethyl-cysteine as a selection agent. | in soybean somatic embryo transformation, the standard selection agent currently used is hygromycin. it may be preferable to avoid use of antibiotic resistance genes in foods. the objective of these experiments was to develop a selection system for producing transgenic soybean somatic embryos without the use of antibiotics such as hygromycin. | 2009 | 19922622 |
| h135a controls the redox activity of the sco copper center. kinetic and spectroscopic studies of the his135ala variant of bacillus subtilis sco. | sco-like proteins contain copper bound by two cysteines and a histidine residue. although their function is still incompletely understood, there is a clear involvement with the assembly of cytochrome oxidases that contain the cu(a) center in subunit 2, possibly mediating the transfer of copper into the cu(a) binuclear site. we are investigating the reaction chemistry of bsco, the homologue from bacillus subtilis. our studies have revealed that bsco behaves more like a redox protein than a metall ... | 2009 | 19921776 |
| identification in agrobacterium tumefaciens of the d-galacturonic acid dehydrogenase gene. | there are at least three different pathways for the catabolism of d-galacturonate in microorganisms. in the oxidative pathway, which was described in some prokaryotic species, d-galacturonate is first oxidised to meso-galactarate (mucate) by a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad)-dependent dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.203). in the following steps of the pathway mucate is converted to 2-keto-glutarate. the enzyme activities of this catabolic pathway have been described while the corresponding gene ... | 2010 | 19921179 |
| horizontal gene transfer and diverse functional constrains within a common replication-partitioning system in alphaproteobacteria: the repabc operon. | the repabc plasmid family, which is extensively present within alphaproteobacteria, and some secondary chromosomes of the rhizobiales have the particular feature that all the elements involved in replication and partitioning reside within one transcriptional unit, the repabc operon. given the functional interactions among the elements of the repabc operon, and the fact that they all reside in the same operon, a common evolutionary history would be expected if the entire operon had been horizonta ... | 2009 | 19919719 |
| reverse genetics through random mutagenesis in histoplasma capsulatum. | the dimorphic fungal pathogen histoplasma capsulatum causes respiratory and systemic disease in humans and other mammals. progress in understanding the mechanisms underlying the biology and the pathogenesis of histoplasma has been hindered by a shortage of methodologies for mutating a gene of interest. | 2009 | 19919692 |
| novel insights about class 2 integrons from experimental and genomic epidemiology. | in order to contribute to the knowledge of the architecture and epidemiology of class 2 integrons, we performed a class 2 integron molecular survey in which we analyzed 726 isolates in two bacterial populations from environmental and nonepidemiologically related clinical samples, respectively, collected from 1982 to 2007. we recovered the inti2 gene from 130 of 726 isolates, most of which were clinical isolates, and only 1 (a psychrophilic pseudomonas sp.) was from a water sample. unlike the wid ... | 2010 | 19917745 |
| dof5.6/hca2, a dof transcription factor gene, regulates interfascicular cambium formation and vascular tissue development in arabidopsis. | vascular cambium, a type of lateral meristem, is the source of secondary xylem and secondary phloem, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms of its formation and development. here, we report the characterization of an arabidopsis thaliana gain-of-function mutant with dramatically increased cambial activity, designated high cambial activity2 (hca2). the hca2 mutant has no alternative organization of the vascular bundles/fibers in inflorescence stems, due to precocious formation of inte ... | 2009 | 19915089 |
| studying the copy number of ribosomal protein l7/l12. | studying the copy number of ribosomal protein l7/l12 was performed using monoclonal antibody 3g9 to the linear epitope on the c-terminal domain of this protein from escherichia coli. immunohistochemical study showed that agrobacterium tumefaciens ribosomes include 6 copies of protein l7/l12. our results suggest that the copy number of this protein has an evolutionary role. | 2009 | 19907745 |
| sequential recruitment of the endoplasmic reticulum and chloroplasts for plant potyvirus replication. | the replication of positive-strand rna viruses occurs in cytoplasmic membrane-bound virus replication complexes (vrcs). depending on the virus, distinct cellular organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (er), chloroplast, mitochondrion, endosome, and peroxisome are recruited for the formation of vrc-associated membranous structures. previously, the 6,000-molecular-weight protein (6k) of plant potyviruses was shown to be an integral membrane protein that induces the formation of 6k-containing ... | 2009 | 19906931 |
| sculpting the bacterial cell. | prokaryotes come in a wide variety of shapes, determined largely by natural selection, physical constraints, and patterns of cell growth and division. because of their relative simplicity, bacterial cells are excellent models for how genes and proteins can directly determine morphology. recent advances in cytological methods for bacteria have shown that distinct cytoskeletal filaments composed of actin and tubulin homologs are important for guiding growth patterns of the cell wall in bacteria, a ... | 2009 | 19906583 |
| efficient operation of nad(p)h dehydrogenase requires supercomplex formation with photosystem i via minor lhci in arabidopsis. | in higher plants, the chloroplast nad(p)h dehydrogenase (ndh) complex mediates photosystem i (psi) cyclic and chlororespiratory electron transport. we reported previously that ndh interacts with the psi complex to form a supercomplex (ndh-psi). in this study, ndh18 and fkbp16-2 (fk506 binding protein 16-2), detected in the ndh-psi supercomplex by mass spectrometry, were shown to be ndh subunits by the analysis of their knockdown lines. on the basis of extensive mutant characterization, we propos ... | 2009 | 19903870 |
| functional analysis of an arabidopsis thaliana abiotic stress-inducible facilitated diffusion transporter for monosaccharides. | sugars play indispensable roles in biological reactions and are distributed into various tissues or organelles via transporters in plants. under abiotic stress conditions, plants accumulate sugars as a means to increase stress tolerance. here, we report an abiotic stress-inducible transporter for monosaccharides from arabidopsis thaliana that is termed esl1 (erd six-like 1). expression of esl1 was induced under drought and high salinity conditions and with exogenous application of abscisic acid. ... | 2010 | 19901034 |
| metabolic engineering of fungal strains for conversion of d-galacturonate to meso-galactarate. | d-galacturonic acid can be obtained by hydrolyzing pectin, which is an abundant and low value raw material. by means of metabolic engineering, we constructed fungal strains for the conversion of d-galacturonate to meso-galactarate (mucate). galactarate has applications in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals and as a platform chemical. in fungi d-galacturonate is catabolized through a reductive pathway with a d-galacturonate reductase as the first enzyme. deleting the corresponding gene in the f ... | 2010 | 19897761 |
| a genomic island defines subspecies-specific virulence features of the host-adapted pathogen campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis. | the pathogen campylobacter fetus comprises two subspecies, c. fetus subsp. fetus and c. fetus subsp. venerealis. although these taxa are highly related on the genome level, they are adapted to distinct hosts and tissues. c. fetus subsp. fetus infects a diversity of hosts, including humans, and colonizes the gastrointestinal tract. in contrast, c. fetus subsp. venerealis is largely restricted to the bovine genital tract, causing epidemic abortion in these animals. in light of their close genetic ... | 2010 | 19897645 |
| [agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase gene transformation for pinellia ternata]. | to obtain transgenic pinellia ternata plants resistant to fungus by transfer chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase gene from trichoderma harzianum. | 2009 | 19894502 |
| ectopic expression of ptarhe1, encoding a poplar ring-h2 protein with e3 ligase activity, alters plant development and induces defence-related responses. | ring (really interesting new gene)-h2 domain-containing proteins are widely represented in plants and play important roles in the regulation of many developmental processes as well as in plant-environment interactions. in the present report, experiments were performed to unravel the role of the poplar gene ptarhe1, coding for a ring-h2 protein. in vitro ubiquitination assays indicate a functional e3 ligase activity for ptarhe1 with the specific e2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme ubch5a. the overexp ... | 2010 | 19892745 |
| nourseothricin acetyltransferase: a new dominant selectable marker for the dermatophyte trichophyton mentagrophytes. | dermatophytes are filamentous fungi that colonize the keratinized layer of human and animal skin. the availability of several selectable markers for dermatophyte gene manipulation would provide important tools to understand the genetic properties of this fungal group. in this study, we report the nourseothricin resistance gene nat1 that confers resistance to the aminoglycoside antibiotic nourseothricin as a dominant marker in trichophyton mentagrophytes. the nat cassette was introduced into t. m ... | 2010 | 19886766 |
| bacterial responses to photo-oxidative stress. | singlet oxygen is one of several reactive oxygen species that can destroy biomolecules, microorganisms and other cells. traditionally, the response to singlet oxygen has been termed photo-oxidative stress, as light-dependent processes in photosynthetic cells are major biological sources of singlet oxygen. recent work identifying a core set of singlet oxygen stress response genes across various bacterial species highlights the importance of this response for survival by both photosynthetic and no ... | 2009 | 19881522 |
| sfp-type 4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferase is indispensable for fungal pathogenicity. | in filamentous fungi, sfp-type 4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferases (pptases) activate enzymes involved in primary (alpha-aminoadipate reductase [aar]) and secondary (polyketide synthases and nonribosomal peptide synthetases) metabolism. we cloned the pptase gene ppt1 of the maize anthracnose fungus colletotrichum graminicola and generated pptase-deficient mutants (deltappt1). deltappt1 strains were auxotrophic for lys, unable to synthesize siderophores, hypersensitive to reactive oxygen species, ... | 2009 | 19880801 |
| domain swapping to assess the mechanistic basis of arabidopsis phototropin 1 receptor kinase activation and endocytosis by blue light. | phototropins (phot1 and phot2) are plasma membrane-associated receptor kinases that respond specifically to blue and uv wavelengths. in addition to a c-terminal ser/thr kinase domain, phototropins contain two n-terminal chromophore binding lov domains that function as photoswitches to regulate a wide range of enzymatic activities in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. through domain swapping, we show that the photochemical properties of arabidopsis thaliana phot1 rely on interactions between lov1 and lo ... | 2009 | 19880798 |
| a zinc finger transcription factor art1 regulates multiple genes implicated in aluminum tolerance in rice. | aluminum (al) toxicity is the major limiting factor of crop production on acid soils, but some plant species have evolved ways of detoxifying al. here, we report a c2h2-type zinc finger transcription factor art1 (for al resistance transcription factor 1), which specifically regulates the expression of genes related to al tolerance in rice (oryza sativa). art1 is constitutively expressed in the root, and the expression level is not affected by al treatment. art1 is localized in the nucleus of all ... | 2009 | 19880795 |
| fleshy fruit expansion and ripening are regulated by the tomato shatterproof gene tagl1. | the maturation and ripening of fleshy fruits is a developmental program that synchronizes seed maturation with metabolism, rendering fruit tissues desirable to seed dispersing organisms. through rna interference repression, we show that tomato agamous-like1 (tagl1), the tomato (solanum lycopersicum) ortholog of the duplicated shatterproof (shp) mads box genes of arabidopsis thaliana, is necessary for fruit ripening. tomato plants with reduced tagl1 mrna produced yellow-orange fruit with reduced ... | 2009 | 19880793 |
| mechanisms and regulation of polar surface attachment in agrobacterium tumefaciens. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen that transfers a segment of its own dna into host plants to cause crown gall disease. the infection process requires intimate contact between the infecting bacteria and the host tissue. a. tumefaciens attaches efficiently to plant tissues and to abiotic surfaces, and can establish complex biofilms at colonization sites. the dominant mode of attachment is via a single pole in contact with the surface. several different appendages, adhesins and adhesiv ... | 2009 | 19879182 |
| detection of quorum sensing signal molecules and mutation of luxs gene in vibrio ichthyoenteri. | some pathogenic species belonging to the vibrionaceae family have been shown to regulate virulence through a complicated network of quorum sensing systems. in this study, three kinds of n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) signal molecules were detected in vibrio ichthyoenteri da3, a pathogen of cultured turbot (scophthalmus maximus), with the agrobacterium tumefaciens reporter strain kyc55 (pjz372)(pjz384)(pjz410). da3 produced ahls during the entire growth phase, and the level of ahls increased, acc ... | 2010 | 19878720 |
| an inbred line of the diploid strawberry fragaria vesca f. semperflorens for genomic and molecular genetic studies in the rosaceae. | abstract: | 2009 | 19878589 |
| agrobacterium-tumefaciens-mediated transformation of antifungal-lipopeptide-producing fungus coleophoma empetri f-11899. | the filamentous fungus coleophoma empetri f-11899 produces an echinocandin-like compound fr901379, the original source for micafungin which is prescribed to treat deep-seated mycoses. despite its industrial importance, no genetic information on c. empetri f-11899 is currently available. to characterize fr901379 biosynthetic genes by insertional mutagenesis and to improve the compound production genetically, agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) was attempted to make genetic ma ... | 2009 | 19876630 |
| transformation of the flax rust fungus, melampsora lini: selection via silencing of an avirulence gene. | rust fungi cause devastating diseases on many important food crops, with a damaging stem rust epidemic currently affecting wheat production in africa and the middle east. these parasitic fungi propagate exclusively on plants, precluding the use of many biotechnological tools available for other culturable fungi. in particular the lack of a stable transformation system has been an impediment to the genetic manipulation required for molecular analysis of rust pathogenicity. we have developed an ag ... | 2010 | 19874543 |
| pyr/pyl/rcar family members are major in-vivo abi1 protein phosphatase 2c-interacting proteins in arabidopsis. | abscisic acid (aba) mediates resistance to abiotic stress and controls developmental processes in plants. the group-a pp2cs, of which abi1 is the prototypical member, are protein phosphatases that play critical roles as negative regulators very early in aba signal transduction. because redundancy is thought to limit the genetic dissection of early aba signalling, to identify redundant and early aba signalling proteins, we pursued a proteomics approach. we generated yfp-tagged abi1 arabidopsis ex ... | 2010 | 19874541 |
| the pseudomonas syringae type iii effector hopg1 targets mitochondria, alters plant development and suppresses plant innate immunity. | the bacterial plant pathogen pseudomonas syringae uses a type iii protein secretion system to inject type iii effectors into plant cells. primary targets of these effectors appear to be effector-triggered immunity (eti) and pathogen-associated molecular pattern (pamp)-triggered immunity (pti). the type iii effector hopg1 is a suppressor of eti that is broadly conserved in bacterial plant pathogens. here we show that hopg1 from p. syringae pv. tomato dc3000 also suppresses pti. interestingly, hop ... | 2010 | 19863557 |
| an intracellular ph gradient in the anammox bacterium kuenenia stuttgartiensis as evaluated by 31p nmr. | the cytoplasm of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria consists of three compartments separated by membranes. it has been suggested that a proton motive force may be generated over the membrane of the innermost compartment, the "anammoxosome". 31p nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy was employed to investigate intracellular ph differences in the anammox bacterium kuenenia stuttgartiensis. with in vivo nmr, spectra were recorded of active, highly concentrated suspensions of k. ... | 2010 | 19862513 |
| cell wall invertase 4 is required for nectar production in arabidopsis. | to date, no genes have been reported to directly affect the de novo production of floral nectar. in an effort to identify genes involved in nectar production, the affymetrix((r)) ath1 genechip was previously used to examine global gene expression profiles in arabidopsis thaliana nectaries. one of the genes displaying highly enriched expression in nectaries was cell wall invertase 4 (atcwinv4, at2g36190), which encodes an enzyme that putatively catalyses the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and ... | 2009 | 19861655 |
| three cotton genes preferentially expressed in flower tissues encode actin-depolymerizing factors which are involved in f-actin dynamics in cells. | to investigate whether the high expression levels of actin-depolymerizing factor genes are related to pollen development, three ghadf genes (cdnas) were isolated and characterized in cotton. among them, ghadf6 and ghadf8 were preferentially expressed in petals, whereas ghadf7 displayed the highest level of expression in anthers, revealing its anther specificity. the ghadf7 transcripts in anthers reached its peak value at flowering, suggesting that its expression is developmentally-regulated in a ... | 2010 | 19861654 |
| the ferroportin metal efflux proteins function in iron and cobalt homeostasis in arabidopsis. | relatively little is known about how metals such as iron are effluxed from cells, a necessary step for transport from the root to the shoot. ferroportin (fpn) is the sole iron efflux transporter identified to date in animals, and there are two closely related orthologs in arabidopsis thaliana, iron regulated1 (ireg1/fpn1) and ireg2/fpn2. fpn1 localizes to the plasma membrane and is expressed in the stele, suggesting a role in vascular loading; fpn2 localizes to the vacuole and is expressed in th ... | 2009 | 19861554 |
| the arabidopsis thaliana double-stranded rna binding protein drb1 directs guide strand selection from microrna duplexes. | in arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis), dicer-like1 (dcl1) functions together with the double-stranded rna binding protein (dsrbp), drb1, to process micrornas (mirnas) from their precursor transcripts prior to their transfer to the rna-induced silencing complex (risc). mirna-loaded risc directs rna silencing of cognate mrnas via argonaute1 (ago1)-catalyzed cleavage. short interefering rnas (sirnas) are processed from viral-derived or transgene-encoded molecules of double-stranded rna (dsrna) by t ... | 2009 | 19861421 |
| a study in entire chromosomes of violations of the intra-strand parity of complementary nucleotides (chargaff's second parity rule). | chargaff's rule of intra-strand parity (isp) between complementary mono/oligonucleotides in chromosomes is well established in the scientific literature. although a large numbers of papers have been published citing works and discussions on isp in the genomic era, scientists are yet to find all the factors responsible for such a universal phenomenon in the chromosomes. in the present work, we have tried to address the issue from a new perspective, which is a parallel feature to isp. the composit ... | 2009 | 19861381 |
| a bac-based physical map of brachypodium distachyon and its comparative analysis with rice and wheat. | brachypodium distachyon (brachypodium) has been recognized as a new model species for comparative and functional genomics of cereal and bioenergy crops because it possesses many biological attributes desirable in a model, such as a small genome size, short stature, self-pollinating habit, and short generation cycle. to maximize the utility of brachypodium as a model for basic and applied research it is necessary to develop genomic resources for it. a bac-based physical map is one of them. a phys ... | 2009 | 19860896 |
| mutational analysis of the active site residues of a d: -psicose 3-epimerase from agrobacterium tumefaciens. | d-psicose 3-epimerase from agrobacterium tumefacience catalyzes the conversion of d: -fructose to d-psicose. according to mutational analysis, the ring at position 112, the negative charge at position 156, and the positive charge at position 215 were essential components for enzyme activity and for binding fructose and psicose. the surface contact area and distance to the bound substrate by molecular modeling suggest that the positive charge of arg215 was involved in stabilization of cis-endiol ... | 2010 | 19859667 |
| the use of 35s and tnos expression elements in the measurement of genetically engineered plant materials. | an online survey was conducted by the international life sciences institute, food biotechnology committee, on the use of qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays for cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter and agrobacterium tumefaciens tnos dna sequence elements for the detection of genetically engineered (ge) crop plant material. forty-four testing laboratories around the world completed the survey. the results showed the widespread use of such methods, the multiplicity ... | 2010 | 19856176 |
| establishment of a system based on universal multiplex-pcr for screening genetically modified crops. | the rapid development of many genetically modified (gm) crops in the past two decades makes it necessary to introduce an alternative strategy for routine screening and identification. in this study, we established a universal multiplex pcr detection system which will effectively reduce the number of reactions needed for sample identification. the pcr targets of this system include the six most frequently used transgenic elements: cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter, agrobacterium tumefa ... | 2010 | 19855961 |
| development of inhibitors against trar quorum-sensing system in agrobacterium tumefaciens by molecular modeling of the ligand-receptor interaction. | the quorum sensing (qs) inhibitors that antagonize trar, a receptor protein for n-3-oxo-octanoyl-l-homoserine lactones (3-oxo-c8-hsl), a qs signal of agrobacterium tumefaciens were developed. the structural analogues of 3-oxo-c8-hsl were designed by in silico molecular modeling using sybyl packages, and synthesized by the solid phase organic synthesis (spos) method, where the carboxamide bond of 3-oxo-c8-hsl was replaced with a nicotinamide or a sulfonamide bond to make derivatives of n-nicotiny ... | 2009 | 19855933 |
| arabidopsis trithorax-related7 is required for methylation of lysine 4 of histone h3 and for transcriptional activation of flowering locus c. | in the winter-annual accessions of arabidopsis thaliana, presence of an active allele of frigida (fri) elevates expression of flowering locus c (flc), a repressor of flowering, and thus confers a vernalization requirement. flc activation by fri involves methylation of lys 4 of histone h3 (h3k4) at flc chromatin. many multicellular organisms that have been examined contain two classes of h3k4 methylases, a yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) set1 class and a class related to drosophila melanogaster ... | 2009 | 19855050 |
| arabidopsis decapping 5 is required for mrna decapping, p-body formation, and translational repression during postembryonic development. | eukaryotic processing bodies (p-bodies) are implicated in mrna storage and mrna decapping. we previously found that a decapping complex comprising decapping 1 (dcp1), dcp2, and varicose in arabidopsis thaliana is essential for postembryonic development, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. here, we characterized arabidopsis dcp5, a homolog of human rna-associated protein 55, as an additional p-body constituent. dcp5 associates with dcp1 and dcp2 and is required for mrna decapping i ... | 2009 | 19855049 |
| rin4 causes hybrid necrosis and race-specific resistance in an interspecific lettuce hybrid. | some inter- and intraspecific crosses may result in reduced viability or sterility in the offspring, often due to genetic incompatibilities resulting from interactions between two or more loci. hybrid necrosis is a postzygotic genetic incompatibility that is phenotypically manifested as necrotic lesions on the plant. we observed hybrid necrosis in interspecific lettuce (lactuca sativa and lactuca saligna) hybrids that correlated with resistance to downy mildew. segregation analysis revealed a sp ... | 2009 | 19855048 |
| protein phosphatases 2c regulate the activation of the snf1-related kinase ost1 by abscisic acid in arabidopsis. | the plant hormone abscisic acid (aba) orchestrates plant adaptive responses to a variety of stresses, including drought. this signaling pathway is regulated by reversible protein phosphorylation, and genetic evidence demonstrated that several related protein phosphatases 2c (pp2cs) are negative regulators of this pathway in arabidopsis thaliana. here, we developed a protein phosphatase profiling strategy to define the substrate preferences of the hab1 pp2c implicated in aba signaling and used th ... | 2009 | 19855047 |
| identification of catechin as one of the flavonoids from combretum albiflorum bark extract that reduces the production of quorum-sensing-controlled virulence factors in pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1. | quorum-sensing (qs) regulates the production of key virulence factors in pseudomonas aeruginosa and other important pathogenic bacteria. in this report, extracts of leaves and bark of combretum albiflorum (tul.) jongkind (combretaceae) were found to quench the production of qs-dependent factors in p. aeruginosa pao1. chromatographic fractionation of the crude active extract generated several active fractions containing flavonoids, as shown by their typical spectral features. purification and str ... | 2010 | 19854927 |
| pantothenate kinase from the thermoacidophilic archaeon picrophilus torridus. | pantothenate kinase (coaa) catalyzes the first step of the coenzyme a (coa) biosynthetic pathway and controls the intracellular concentrations of coa through feedback inhibition in bacteria. an alternative enzyme found in archaea, pantoate kinase, is missing in the order thermoplasmatales. the pto0232 gene from picrophilus torridus, a thermoacidophilic euryarchaeon, is shown to be a distant homologue of the prokaryotic type i coaa. the cloned gene clearly complements the poor growth of the tempe ... | 2010 | 19854913 |
| the nuclear protein sge1 of fusarium oxysporum is required for parasitic growth. | dimorphism or morphogenic conversion is exploited by several pathogenic fungi and is required for tissue invasion and/or survival in the host. we have identified a homolog of a master regulator of this morphological switch in the plant pathogenic fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. this non-dimorphic fungus causes vascular wilt disease in tomato by penetrating the plant roots and colonizing the vascular tissue. gene knock-out and complementation studies established that the gene for th ... | 2009 | 19851506 |
| the metacyc database of metabolic pathways and enzymes and the biocyc collection of pathway/genome databases. | the metacyc database (metacyc.org) is a comprehensive and freely accessible resource for metabolic pathways and enzymes from all domains of life. the pathways in metacyc are experimentally determined, small-molecule metabolic pathways and are curated from the primary scientific literature. with more than 1400 pathways, metacyc is the largest collection of metabolic pathways currently available. pathways reactions are linked to one or more well-characterized enzymes, and both pathways and enzymes ... | 2009 | 19850718 |
| advances in experimental methods for the elucidation of pseudomonas syringae effector function with a focus on avrptob. | pseudomonas syringae infects a wide range of plant species through the use of a type iii secretion system. the effector proteins injected into the plant cell through this molecular syringe serve as promoters of disease by subverting the plant immune response to the benefit of the bacteria in the intercellular space. the targets and activities of a subset of effectors have been elucidated recently. in this article, we focus on the experimental approaches that have proved most successful in probin ... | 2009 | 19849784 |
| toward the development of a plant-based vaccine against reovirus. | transgenic lines of arabidopsis thaliana producing recombinant tc protein were developed. the s1 gene encoding sigmac protein of an avian reovirus (arv) was amplified by reverse-transcription pcr (rt-pcr). the amplified product was cloned into a plant-expression vector, pe1857, with a strong promoter for expression. the resulting construct with the bar gene cassette for bialaphos selection was designated rpe-sigmac and was introduced into agrobacterium tumefaciens by electroporation. agrobacteri ... | 2009 | 19848075 |
| petunia hybrida carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase7 is involved in the production of negative and positive branching signals in petunia. | one of the key factors that defines plant form is the regulation of when and where branches develop. the diversity of form observed in nature results, in part, from variation in the regulation of branching between species. two carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (ccd) genes, ccd7 and ccd8, are required for the production of a branch-suppressing plant hormone. here, we report that the decreased apical dominance3 (dad3) mutant of petunia (petunia hybrida) results from the mutation of the phccd7 gene a ... | 2009 | 19846541 |
| genomic basis for natural product biosynthetic diversity in the actinomycetes. | 2009 | 19844637 | |
| determination of a chloroplast degron in the regulatory domain of chlorophyllide a oxygenase. | chlorophyll b is one of the major photosynthetic pigments of plants. the regulation of chlorophyll b biosynthesis is important for plants in order to acclimate to changing environmental conditions. in the chloroplast, chlorophyll b is synthesized from chlorophyll a by chlorophyllide a oxygenase (cao), a rieske-type monooxygenase. the activity of this enzyme is regulated at the level of protein stability via a feedback mechanism through chlorophyll b. the clp protease and the n-terminal domain (d ... | 2009 | 19843523 |
| bioactive secondary metabolites from a new terrestrial streptomyces sp. tn262. | during our search for streptomyces spp. as new producers of bioactive secondary metabolites, the ethyl acetate extract of the new terrestrial streptomyces isolate tn262 delivered eight antimicrobially active compounds. they were identified as 1-acetyl-beta-carboline (1), tryptophol (2), cineromycin b (3), 2,3-dihydrocineromycin b (4), cyclo-(tyrosylprolyl) (5), 3-(hydroxyacetyl)-indole (6), brevianamide f (7), and cis-cyclo-(l-prolyl-l-leucyl) (8). three further metabolites were detected in the ... | 2010 | 19842066 |
| the infective cycle of cabbage leaf curl virus (calcuv) is affected by crumpled leaf (crl) gene in arabidopsis thaliana. | geminiviruses are single-stranded dna viruses that cause serious crop losses worldwide. successful infection by these pathogens depends extensively on virus-host intermolecular interactions that allow them to express their gene products, to replicate their genomes and to move to adjacent cells and throughout the plant. | 2009 | 19840398 |
| production of cell-cell signalling molecules by bacteria isolated from human chronic wounds. | to (i) identify chronic wound bacteria and to test their ability to produce acyl-homoserine-lactones (ahls) and autoinducer-2 (ai-2) cell-cell signalling molecules and (ii) determine whether chronic wound debridement samples might contain these molecules. | 2010 | 19840177 |
| yabbys and the transcriptional corepressors leunig and leunig_homolog maintain leaf polarity and meristem activity in arabidopsis. | in arabidopsis thaliana, filamentous flower (fil) and yabby3 (yab3) encode yabby domain proteins that regulate abaxial patterning, growth of lateral organs, and inflorescence phyllotaxy. in this study, we show that yabs physically interact with components of a transcriptional repressor complex that include leunig (lug), leunig_homolog (luh), the lug-associated coregulator seuss, and related seuss-like proteins. consistent with the formation of a lug-yab complex, we find that lug mutants enhance ... | 2009 | 19837869 |
| specific domain structures control abscisic acid-, salicylic acid-, and stress-mediated siz1 phenotypes. | siz1 (for yeast sap and miz1) encodes the sole ortholog of mammalian pias (for protein inhibitor of activated stat) and yeast siz sumo (for small ubiquitin-related modifier) e3 ligases in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana). four conserved motifs in siz1 include sap (for scaffold attachment factor a/b/acinus/pias domain), pinit (for proline-isoleucine-asparagine-isoleucine-threonine), sp-ring (for siz/pias-ring), and sxs (for serine-x-serine, where x is any amino acid) motifs. siz1 contains, in a ... | 2009 | 19837819 |
| expression of the arabidopsis mutant abi1 gene alters abscisic acid sensitivity, stomatal development, and growth morphology in gray poplars. | the consequences of altered abscisic acid (aba) sensitivity in gray poplar (populus x canescens [ait.] sm.) development were examined by ectopic expression of the arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) mutant abi1 (for abscisic acid insensitive1) gene. the expression resulted in an aba-insensitive phenotype revealed by a strong tendency of abi1 poplars to wilt, impaired responsiveness of their stomata to aba, and an aba-resistant bud outgrowth. these plants therefore required cultivation under very ... | 2009 | 19837818 |
| the phytochrome-interacting factor pif7 negatively regulates dreb1 expression under circadian control in arabidopsis. | transcription factors of the dre-binding1 (dreb1)/c-repeat binding factor family specifically interact with a cis-acting dehydration-responsive element/c-repeat involved in low-temperature stress-responsive gene expression in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana). expression of dreb1s is induced by low temperatures and is regulated by the circadian clock under unstressed conditions. promoter sequences of dreb1s contain six conserved motifs, boxes i to vi. we analyzed the promoter region of dreb1c u ... | 2009 | 19837816 |
| molecular events involved in cellular invasion by ehrlichia chaffeensis and anaplasma phagocytophilum. | ehrlichia chaffeensis and anaplasma phagocytophilum are obligatory intracellular bacteria that preferentially replicate inside leukocytes by utilizing biological compounds and processes of these primary host defensive cells. these bacteria incorporate cholesterol from the host for their survival. upon interaction with host monocytes and granulocytes, respectively, these bacteria usurp the lipid raft domain containing gpi-anchored protein to induce a series of signaling events that result in inte ... | 2010 | 19836896 |
| a small intergenic region drives exclusive tissue-specific expression of the adjacent genes in arabidopsis thaliana. | transcription initiation by rna polymerase ii is unidirectional from most genes. in plants, divergent genes, defined as non-overlapping genes organized head-to-head, are highly represented in the arabidopsis genome. nevertheless, there is scarce evidence on functional analyses of these intergenic regions. the at5g06290 and at5g06280 loci are head-to-head oriented and encode a chloroplast-located 2-cys peroxiredoxin b (2cpb) and a protein of unknown function (puf), respectively. the 2-cys peroxir ... | 2009 | 19835620 |
| [genetic transformation of nicotiana tabacum l. by agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying genes in the melatonin biosynthesis pathway and the enhancement of antioxidative capability in transgenic plants]. | arylalkylamine n-acetyltransferase (aanat) and hydroxyindole o-methyltransferase(hiomt) are the key regulation enzymes in the melatonin biosynthesis pathway in mammals. the aanat and hiomt genes were constructed into a binary plant expression vector yxu55. using leaf strips as the recipiences, we efficiently transformed tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) variety qinyan 95 by the agrobacterium mediated method. after gradient selection with gentamycin, a number of transgenic plants were regenerated. sout ... | 2009 | 19835142 |
| fon2 spare1 redundantly regulates floral meristem maintenance with floral organ number2 in rice. | clavata signaling restricts stem cell identity in the shoot apical meristem (sam) in arabidopsis thaliana. in rice (oryza sativa), floral organ number2 (fon2), closely related to clv3, is involved as a signaling molecule in a similar pathway to negatively regulate stem cell proliferation in the floral meristem (fm). here we show that the fon2 spare1 (fos1) gene encoding a cle protein functions along with fon2 in maintenance of the fm. in addition, fos1 appears to be involved in maintenance of th ... | 2009 | 19834537 |
| a novel membrane fusion-mediated plant immunity against bacterial pathogens. | plants have developed their own defense strategies because they have no immune cells. a common plant defense strategy involves programmed cell death (pcd) at the infection site, but how the pcd-associated cell-autonomous immunity is executed in plants is not fully understood. here we provide a novel mechanism underlying cell-autonomous immunity, which involves the fusion of membranes of a large central vacuole with the plasma membrane, resulting in the discharge of vacuolar antibacterial protein ... | 2009 | 19833761 |
| survival of the fittest: how brucella strains adapt to their intracellular niche in the host. | brucella strains produce abortion and infertility in their natural hosts and a zoonotic disease in humans known as undulant fever. these bacteria do not produce classical virulence factors, and their capacity to successfully survive and replicate within a variety of host cells underlies their pathogenicity. extensive replication of the brucellae in placental trophoblasts is associated with reproductive tract pathology in natural hosts, and prolonged persistence in macrophages leads to the chroni ... | 2009 | 19830453 |
| reverse genetics for functional genomics of phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes. | sequencing of over 40 fungal and oomycete genomes has been completed. the next major challenge in modern fungal/oomycete biology is now to translate this plethora of genome sequence information into biological functions. reverse genetics has emerged as a seminal tool for functional genomics investigations. techniques utilized for reverse genetics like targeted gene disruption/replacement, gene silencing, insertional mutagenesis, and targeting induced local lesions in genomes will contribute grea ... | 2009 | 19830245 |
| the arabidopsis dcr encoding a soluble bahd acyltransferase is required for cutin polyester formation and seed hydration properties. | the cuticle covering every plant aerial organ is largely made of cutin that consists of fatty acids, glycerol, and aromatic monomers. despite the huge importance of the cuticle to plant development and fitness, our knowledge regarding the assembly of the cutin polymer and its integration in the complete cuticle structure is limited. cutin composition implies the action of acyltransferase-type enzymes that mediate polymer construction through ester bond formation. here, we show that a member of t ... | 2009 | 19828672 |
| identification and genotyping of bacteria from paired vaginal and rectal samples from pregnant women indicates similarity between vaginal and rectal microflora. | the vaginal microflora is important for maintaining vaginal health and preventing infections of the reproductive tract. the rectum has been suggested as the major source for the colonisation of the vaginal econiche. | 2009 | 19828036 |
| differential effects of human and plant n-acetylglucosaminyltransferase i (gnti) in plants. | in plants and animals, the first step in complex type n-glycan formation on glycoproteins is catalyzed by n-acetylglucosaminyltransferase i (gnti). we show that the cgl1-1 mutant of arabidopsis, which lacks gnti activity, is fully complemented by yfp-labeled plant atgnti, but only partially complemented by yfp-labeled human hugnti and that this is due to post-transcriptional events. in contrast to atgnti-yfp, only low levels of hugnti-yfp protein was detected in transgenic plants. in protoplast ... | 2010 | 19826906 |
| silencing of vlaro2 for chorismate synthase revealed that the phytopathogen verticillium longisporum induces the cross-pathway control in the xylem. | the first leaky auxotrophic mutant for aromatic amino acids of the near-diploid fungal plant pathogen verticillium longisporum (vl) has been generated. vl enters its host brassica napus through the roots and colonizes the xylem vessels. the xylem contains little nutrients including low concentrations of amino acids. we isolated the gene vlaro2 encoding chorismate synthase by complementation of the corresponding yeast mutant strain. chorismate synthase produces the first branch point intermediate ... | 2010 | 19826808 |
| arabidopsis extra large g-protein 2 (xlg2) interacts with the gbeta subunit of heterotrimeric g protein and functions in disease resistance. | heterotrimeric gtp-binding proteins, which consist of galpha, gbeta, and ggamma subunits, play important roles in transducing extracellular signals perceived by cell surface receptors into intracellular physiological responses. in addition to a single prototypical galpha protein (gpa1), arabidopsis has three unique galpha-like proteins, known as xlg1, xlg2, and xlg3, that have been found to be localized in nuclei, although their functions and mode of action remain largely unknown. through a tran ... | 2009 | 19825634 |
| a subset of the diverse cog0523 family of putative metal chaperones is linked to zinc homeostasis in all kingdoms of life. | cog0523 proteins are, like the nickel chaperones of the ureg family, part of the g3e family of gtpases linking them to metallocenter biosynthesis. even though the first cog0523-encoding gene, cobw, was identified almost 20 years ago, little is known concerning the function of other members belonging to this ubiquitous family. | 2009 | 19822009 |
| expression of isopentenyl transferase gene (ipt) in leaf and stem delayed leaf senescence without affecting root growth. | a cytokinin biosynthetic gene encoding isopentenyl transferase (ipt) was cloned with its native promoter from agrobacterium tumefaciens and introduced into tobacco plants. indolebutyric acid was applied in rooting medium and morphologically normal transgenic tobacco plants were regenerated. genetic analysis of self-fertilized progeny showed that a single copy of intact ipt gene had been integrated, and t(2) progeny had become homozygous for the transgene. stable inheritance of the intact ipt gen ... | 2009 | 19820948 |
| the role of microbial signals in plant growth and development. | plant growth and development involves a tight coordination of the spatial and temporal organization of cell division, cell expansion and cell differentiation. orchestration of these events requires the exchange of signaling molecules between the root and shoot, which can be affected by both biotic and abiotic factors. the interactions that occur between plants and their associated microorganisms have long been of interest, as knowledge of these processes could lead to the development of novel ag ... | 2009 | 19820333 |
| suppression of mkk5 reduces ozone-induced signal transmission to both mpk3 and mpk6 and confers increased ozone sensitivity in arabidopsis thaliana. | in arabidopsis thaliana, ozone-induced signaling has been shown to involve the mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) mpk3 and mpk6. to identify a possible ozone-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (mapkk) involved in the activation of these specific mapks, we employed rna interference-(rnai)-based suppression of mkk5, a known cognate mapkk to both mpk3 and mpk6. when exposed to ozone, activation of both mpk3 and mpk6 was markedly reduced in the mkk5-suppressed plants compared to ... | 2009 | 19820329 |
| phenotypic plasticity of adventitious rooting in arabidopsis is controlled by complex regulation of auxin response factor transcripts and microrna abundance. | the development of shoot-borne roots, or adventitious roots, is indispensable for mass propagation of elite genotypes. it is a complex genetic trait with a high phenotypic plasticity due to multiple endogenous and environmental regulatory factors. we demonstrate here that a subtle balance of activator and repressor auxin response factor (arf) transcripts controls adventitious root initiation. moreover, microrna activity appears to be required for fine-tuning of this process. thus, arf17, a targe ... | 2009 | 19820192 |
| mosaic floral organs1, an agl6-like mads box gene, regulates floral organ identity and meristem fate in rice. | floral organ identity and meristem determinacy in plants are controlled by combinations of activities mediated by mads box genes. agamous-like6 (agl6)-like genes are mads box genes expressed in floral tissues, but their biological functions are mostly unknown. here, we describe an agl6-like gene in rice (oryza sativa), mosaic floral organs1 (mfo1/mads6), that regulates floral organ identity and floral meristem determinacy. in the flower of mfo1 mutants, the identities of palea and lodicule are d ... | 2009 | 19820190 |