Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| directed evolution of thymidine kinase for azt phosphorylation using dna family shuffling. | the thymidine kinase (tk) genes from herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 were recombined in vitro with a technique called dna family shuffling. a high-throughput robotic screen identified chimeras with an enhanced ability to phosphorylate zidovudine (azt). improved clones were combined, reshuffled, and screened on increasingly lower concentrations of azt. after four rounds of shuffling and screening, two clones were isolated that sensitize escherichia coli to 32-fold less azt compared with ... | 1999 | 10096293 |
| infection of rat brain cell aggregates with neurovirulent and nonneurovirulent strains of herpes simplex virus type 1. | rat brain cell aggregates represent a three-dimensional tissue culture system of brain tissue in the form of small, multicellular spheroids. in the present work, we have infected these "minibrains" with neurovirulent, nonneurovirulent, and nonreplicating strains of hsv-1. the neurovirulent strains 17(+) and kos(m) spread rapidly through the aggregates, while the nonreplicating icp4 deletion mutant kd6 infected cells only at the periphery of the aggregates. spread and replication of the nonneurov ... | 1999 | 10094836 |
| nucleosides and nucleotides. 183. synthesis of 4'alpha-branched thymidines as a new type of antiviral agent. | a series of 4'alpha-branched thymidines was synthesized and evaluated as potential antiviral agents. 4'-ethylthymidine (3), 4'-ethenylthymidine (5), and 4'-ethynylthymidine (6) exhibited potent anti-hsv-1 and anti-hiv-1 activities with no significant cytotoxicity. | 1999 | 10091689 |
| detection of cytomegalovirus proteins by flow cytometry in the blood of patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection and associated diseases continue to be a major complication encountered by patients undergoing high-dose chemoradiotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). a number of studies revealed that identification of cmv in the blood of hsct patients was a predictor of future cmv disease. the purpose of this study was to determine if cmv proteins detected by flow cytometry could be a rapid and more quantitative way to monitor cmv infections and cmv antig ... | 1999 | 10089921 |
| oral acyclovir suppresses recurrent epithelial and stromal herpes simplex. | 1999 | 10088820 | |
| the host-cell architectural protein hmg i(y) modulates binding of herpes simplex virus type 1 icp4 to its cognate promoter. | the productive infection cycle of herpes simplex virus is controlled in part by the action of icp4, an immediate-early gene product that acts as both an activator and repressor of transcription. icp4 is autoregulatory, and ie-3, the gene that encodes it, contains a high-affinity binding site for the protein at its cap site. previously, we had demonstrated that this site could be occupied by proteins found in nuclear extracts from uninfected cells. a hela cell cdna expression library was screened ... | 1999 | 10087227 |
| the defective interfering particles of equine herpesvirus 1 encode an icp22/icp27 hybrid protein that alters viral gene regulation. | the genomes of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) defective interfering (di) particles that mediate persistent infection were shown to encode a unique hybrid open reading frame composed of sequences that encode the 196 n-terminal amino acids of icp22 linked in-frame to the c-terminal 68 amino acids of icp27. previous studies demonstrated that this hybrid gene, designated as icp22/icp27. was expressed abundantly at both the mrna and the protein levels in di particle-enriched infections, but not in stan ... | 1999 | 10082387 |
| fractions of chemically oversulphated galactosaminoglycan sulphates inhibit three enveloped viruses: human immunodeficiency virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 1 and human cytomegalovirus. | a series of chemically oversulphated galactosaminoglycans (so3h:cooh ratio > or = 2) were tested in vitro as antiviral agents against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), the aetiological agent of aids, and against herpes simplex virus type 1 and human cytomegalovirus, two agents responsible for opportunistic infections in hiv-infected people. the oversulphated derivatives displayed an increase in activity ranging from one to four orders of magnitude against the three viruses, as compare ... | 1999 | 10079877 |
| selective delivery of herpes virus vectors to experimental brain tumors using rmp-7. | rmp-7, a bradykinin analog, has been shown to selectively open the blood-tumor barrier for the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to brain tumors. in contrast to bradykinin, rmp-7 has no hypotensive effects and has been approved for human use. this study was initiated to determine whether rmp-7 would open the blood-tumor barrier to virus vectors encoding tumor-killing genes in an experimental model. the herpes virus vector used, hrr3, which encodes virus thymidine kinase gene and the lacz report ... | 1999 | 10078959 |
| immunization with a leaps heteroconjugate containing a ctl epitope and a peptide from beta-2-microglobulin elicits a protective and dth response to herpes simplex virus type 1. | a ligand epitope antigen presentation system (leaps) heteroconjugate vaccine containing a ctl epitope (h1) from the hsv-1 immediate early protein icp27 (322-332) and a peptide sequence (j) from beta-2-microglobulin (35-50) elicited protection from intraperitoneal viral challenge and promoted dth responses. the h1 peptide and other h1 containing heteroconjugates did not elicit protection or dth responses. antibody to the h1 peptide could not be detected by elisa following vaccination with peptide ... | 1999 | 10075159 |
| visualization of tegument-capsid interactions and dna in intact herpes simplex virus type 1 virions. | herpes simplex virus type 1 virions were examined by electron cryomicroscopy, allowing the three-dimensional structure of the infectious particle to be visualized for the first time. the capsid shell is identical to that of b-capsids purified from the host cell nucleus, with the exception of the penton channel, which is closed. the double-stranded dna genome is organized as regularly spaced ( approximately 26 a) concentric layers inside the capsid. this pattern suggests a spool model for dna pac ... | 1999 | 10074174 |
| macrophage control of herpes simplex virus type 1 replication in the peripheral nervous system. | after corneal infection, herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) invades sensory neurons with cell bodies in the trigeminal ganglion (tg), replicates briefly, and then establishes a latent infection in these neurons. hsv-1 replication in the tg can be detected as early as 2 days after corneal infection, reaches peak titers by 3-5 days after infection, and is undetectable by 7-10 days. during the period of hsv-1 replication, macrophages and gammadelta tcr+ t lymphocytes infiltrate the tg, and tnf-alp ... | 1999 | 10072539 |
| reactivation of herpes virus after surgery for epilepsy in a pediatric patient with mesial temporal sclerosis: case report. | this case report is presented to raise the awareness of the potential risk of reactivation of herpes simplex virus (hsv) encephalitis after intracranial surgery. | 1999 | 10069600 |
| a novel tetracycline-inducible viral replication switch. | with the cloning of dna encoding the trans-dominant negative mutant form of the hsv-1 origin-binding protein ul9, ul9-c535c, under the control of the tet operator-bearing hcmv major immediate-early promoter (pcmvteto), this article demonstrates that the tetr-mediated mammalian transcription repression switch (yao et al., hum. gene ther. 9:1939-1950, 1998) can be converted to a novel hsv-1-specific viral replication switch. using this viral replication switch, the plaque-forming efficiency of inf ... | 1999 | 10048394 |
| herpes simplex virus as an in situ cancer vaccine for the induction of specific anti-tumor immunity. | the success of cancer gene therapy is likely to require the targeting of multiple antitumor mechanisms. one strategy involves the use of attenuated, replication-competent virus vectors, such as herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) mutant g207, which is able to replicate in human tumor cells with resultant cell death and tumor growth inhibition, yet is nonpathogenic in normal tissue. in this study, we demonstrate that infection of established tumors with g207 also induces a highly specific systemi ... | 1999 | 10048391 |
| synthesis of 2'-methylene-substituted 5-azapyrimidine, 6-azapyrimidine, and 3-deazaguanine nucleoside analogues as potential antitumor/antiviral agents. | 2'-deoxy-2'-methylene-6-azauridine (5) and 2'-deoxy-2'-methylene-6-azacytidine (8) have been synthesized via a multi-step procedure from 6-azauridine. 2'-deoxy-2'-methylene-5-azacytidine (14a) and 2'-deoxy-2'-methylene-3-deazaguanosine (19a) and their corresponding alpha-anomers (14b and 19b) have been synthesized by the transglycosylation of 3',5'-o-(1,1,3,3- tetraisopropyldisiloxane-1,3-diyl)-2'-deoxy-2'-methyleneu ridine (12) with silylated 5-azacytosine and silylated n2-palmitoyl-3-deazaguan ... | 1999 | 10048223 |
| improving the management of genital herpes. | most patients with herpes simplex virus infection have mild or subclinical disease and fail to seek medical attention or are misdiagnosed. but inexpensive and accurate new serologies are being developed. chronic suppressive therapy in patients with frequent recurrences reduces viral shedding and may reduce transmission. | 1999 | 10047759 |
| photoactivated virucidal properties of tridentate 2,2'-dihydroxyazobenzene and 2-salicylideneaminophenol platinum pyridine complexes. | the potent photoactivated virucidal activity of tridentate 2,2'-dihydroxyazobenzene- and 2-salicylideneaminophenol platinum pyridine complexes 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, and 10 against enveloped viruses (e.g., eiav, hiv, and hsv) is described. | 1999 | 10021936 |
| interferons regulate the phenotype of wild-type and mutant herpes simplex viruses in vivo. | mechanisms responsible for neuroattenuation of herpes simplex virus (hsv) have been defined previously by studies of mutant viruses in cultured cells. the hypothesis that null mutations in host genes can override the attenuated phenotype of null mutations in certain viral genes was tested. mutants such as those in infected cell protein (icp) 0, thymidine kinase, ribonucleotide reductase, virion host shutoff, and icp34.5 are reduced in their capacity to replicate in nondividing cells in culture a ... | 1999 | 9989981 |
| cytotoxicity and accumulation of ganciclovir triphosphate in bystander cells cocultured with herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase-expressing human glioblastoma cells. | the ability of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (hsv-tk)-expressing cells incubated with ganciclovir (gcv) to induce cytotoxicity in neighboring hsv-tk-negative (bystander) cells has been well documented. although it has been suggested that this bystander cell killing occurs through the transfer of phosphorylated gcv, there is little direct proof that bystander cells can accumulate gcv nucleotides. we have studied the ability of u251 human glioblastoma cells expressing hsv-tk (u251tk ... | 1999 | 9973216 |
| regulated expression of a sindbis virus replicon by herpesvirus promoters. | we describe the use of herpesvirus promoters to regulate the expression of a sindbis virus replicon (sinrep/lacz). we isolated cell lines that contain the cdna of sinrep/lacz under the control of a promoter from a herpesvirus early gene which requires regulatory proteins encoded by immediate-early genes for expression. wild-type sindbis virus and replicons derived from this virus cause death of most vertebrate cells, but the cells discussed here grew normally and expressed the replicon and beta- ... | 1999 | 9971780 |
| reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 in the mouse trigeminal ganglion: an in vivo study of virus antigen and cytokines. | reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) in the trigeminal ganglion (tg) was induced by uv irradiation of the corneas of latently infected mice. immunocytochemistry was used to monitor the dynamics of cytokine (interleukin-2 [il-2], il-4, il-6, il-10, gamma interferon [ifn-gamma], and tumor necrosis factor alpha [tnf-alpha]) and viral antigen production in the tg and the adjacent central nervous system on days 1 to 4, 6, 7, and 10 after irradiation. uv irradiation induced increased ex ... | 1999 | 9971753 |
| the organization of cerebellar and basal ganglia outputs to primary motor cortex as revealed by retrograde transneuronal transport of herpes simplex virus type 1. | we used retrograde transneuronal transport of herpes simplex virus type 1 to map the origin of cerebellar and basal ganglia "projections" to leg, arm, and face areas of the primary motor cortex (m1). four to five days after virus injections into m1, we observed many densely labeled neurons in localized regions of the output nuclei of the cerebellum and basal ganglia. the largest numbers of these neurons were found in portions of the dentate nucleus and the internal segment of the globus pallidus ... | 1999 | 9952421 |
| an experimental application of gene therapy for human retinoblastoma. | the purpose was to determine the potential of gene therapy for retinoblastoma using transfer of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (hsv-tk) gene into retinoblastoma cells (y79 cell line). | 1999 | 9950583 |
| structure of the human cytomegalovirus b capsid by electron cryomicroscopy and image reconstruction. | the three-dimensional structure of b capsids of the beta-herpesvirus human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) was investigated at a resolution of 3.5 nm from electron cryomicrographs by image processing and compared with the structure obtained for the alpha-herpesvirus herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). the main architectural features of the hsv-1 and hcmv capsids are similar: the t = 16 icosahedral lattice consists of 162 capsomers, composed of two distinct morphological units, 12 pentamers and 150 hexam ... | 1998 | 9931275 |
| development of herpes simplex virus replication-defective multigene vectors for combination gene therapy applications. | some gene therapy applications will require simultaneous expression of multiple gene products to achieve a therapeutic effect. in this study we describe the generation and characterization of replication incompetent herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) vectors (hx86z or hx86g) carrying distinct and independently regulated expression cassettes for five transgenes (hil-2, hgm-csf, hb7.1, hsv-tk and lacz or hifn gamma). the transgenes, representing 12 kb of dna sequence, were recombined into separat ... | 1998 | 9930305 |
| induction of apoptosis in hep-2 cells by infection with herpes simplex virus type 2. | although herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) does not induce apoptosis in infected hep-2 cells, herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) did induce apoptosis in a small but significant fraction of the same cells. apoptosis was not observed in vero or hela cells infected with hsv-2. in addition, hsv-2 infection in the presence of cycloheximide induced extensive apoptosis of hep-2 or hela cells. | 1998 | 9930199 |
| cellular expression of bovine herpesvirus 1 gd inhibits cell-to-cell spread of two closely related viruses without blocking their primary infection. | alphaherpesviral glycoprotein d (gd) is a critical component of the cell membrane penetration system. cells that express gd of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1), pseudorabies virus (prv), or bovine herpesvirus type 1.1 (bhv1.1) resist infection by the homologous virus due to interference with viral entry at the level of penetration. bhv1.1 gd interferes with the distantly related viruses hsv1 and prv despite only a 30-40% sequence similarity and the complete absence of antigenic cross-reactivit ... | 1999 | 9927571 |
| inducible expression of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase from a bicistronic hiv1 vector. | the possibility of protecting human cd4+ lymphocytes from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv1) infection, through a suicide mechanism elicited by the hiv1 transcription apparatus itself, offers a potentially useful approach for gene therapy of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. a replication-defective lentiviral hiv1 vector (hyires-tk) was designed to carry both the hygromycin (hy) phosphotransferase gene for positive selection and the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of herpes simplex viru ... | 1998 | 9923018 |
| fattiviracin a1, a novel antiviral agent produced by streptomyces microflavus strain no. 2445. ii. biological properties. | fattiviracin a1, showed potent antiviral activities against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), varicella-zoster virus (vzv), influenza a virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). it showed no cytotoxicity against vero cells. fattiviracin a1 exhibited no significant antibacterial or antifungal activities. treatment of hsv-1 with fattiviracin a1 decreased its infectivity to vero cells. the mechanism of its antiviral activity may be due to inactivation of the viral particles and inhi ... | 1998 | 9918397 |
| herpes simplex virus vaccine in recurrent herpetic ocular infection. | to evaluate the efficacy of an antiherpetic vaccine in recurrent herpetic ocular infections. | 1999 | 9894936 |
| expression of the first 811 nucleotides of the herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript (lat) partially restores wild-type spontaneous reactivation to a lat-null mutant. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) latency-associated transcript (lat) gene is required for efficient spontaneous reactivation in the rabbit ocular model. we recently showed that insertion of 1.8 kb of the lat promoter and the first 1.5 kb of the 8.3-kb primary lat transcript into a novel, ectopic location in the virus unique long (ul) region restored wild-type spontaneous reactivation to a lat-null mutant. to further map the lat spontaneous reactivation function within the first 1.5 kb of ... | 1999 | 9887322 |
| a herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript mutant with increased virulence and reduced spontaneous reactivation. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) latency-associated transcript (lat) gene is essential for efficient spontaneous reactivation of hsv-1 from latency. we previously reported that insertion of the lat promoter and just the first 1.5 kb of the 8. 3-kb lat gene into an ectopic location in the virus restored wild-type spontaneous reactivation to a lat null mutant. this mutant, lat3.3a (previously designated lat1.5a), thus showed that the expression of just the first 1.5 kb of lat is sufficient ... | 1999 | 9882292 |
| the herpes simplex virus 2 kb latency associated transcript (lat) leader sequence allows efficient expression of downstream proteins which is enhanced in neuronal cells: possible function of lat orfs. | 1998 | 9880017 | |
| chemistry and anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 evaluation of cyclosal-nucleotides of acyclic nucleoside analogues. | the synthesis of different cyclosal-phosphotriesters of the acyclic nucleoside analogues acyclovir (acv), penciclovir (pcv) and t-penciclovir (t-pcv) as potential new lipophilic, membrane-soluble pronucleotides is described. the introduction of the cyclosal moiety was achieved by using reactive cyclic chlorophosphane reagents. in addition to the cyclosal-pcv monophosphate (mp) phosphotriesters, a second derivative bearing an acetyl group at the second primary alcohol function was prepared. in hy ... | 1998 | 9875392 |
| 3-hydroxyphthaloyl beta-lactoglobulin. iii. antiviral activity against herpesviruses. | the spread of sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and herpesvirus infections, has continued unabated despite educational efforts spearheaded as a response to the hiv-1 epidemic. this suggests the need for prophylactic measures, including the application of topical antiviral agents. chemical modification of bovine beta-lactoglobulin (beta-lg), the major protein of whey, by hydroxyphthalic anhydride (3hp) led to the generation of a potent hiv-1 inhi ... | 1998 | 9875389 |
| inhibition of virus-encoded thymidine kinase suppresses herpes simplex virus replication in vitro and in vivo. | both herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 encode a thymidine kinase enzyme which differs from cellular thymidine kinase in substrate specificity. viral thymidine kinase enables the virus to replicate in cells that lack cellular thymidine kinase, namely those of the sensory neurons where the virus establishes, and periodically reactivates from, a latent state. thymidine kinase-dependent hsv replication following viral reactivation at the site of latency is thought to precede the emergenc ... | 1998 | 9875372 |
| therapeutic periocular vaccination with a subunit vaccine induces higher levels of herpes simplex virus-specific tear secretory immunoglobulin a than systemic vaccination and provides protection against recurrent spontaneous ocular shedding of virus in latently infected rabbits. | rabbits latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) were vaccinated either periocularly or systemically with a subunit vaccine (gb2 + gd2) plus adjuvant or adjuvant alone. tear films were collected daily to measure recurrent infectious hsv-1 shedding. after systemic vaccination, the latently infected rabbits were not protected against recurrent ocular viral shedding (hsv-1-positive tear film cultures/total cultures) compared with either the systemic or periocular adjuvant controls ... | 1998 | 9875329 |
| comparison of the intranuclear distributions of herpes simplex virus proteins involved in various viral functions. | herpesviral transcription, dna synthesis, and capsid assembly occur within the infected cell nucleus. to further define the spatial relationship among these processes, we have examined the intranuclear distributions of viral dna replication, gene regulatory, and capsid proteins using dual label immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. we observed that several of the viral dna replication proteins localize preferentially to punctate structures within replication compartments while the major tr ... | 1998 | 9875326 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of novel isodideoxy nucleosides with exocyclic methylene. | novel isodideoxy nucleosides with exocyclic methylene were synthesized starting from l-xylose utilizing anomeric demethoxylation, wittig reaction and mitsunobu reaction as key steps and evaluated for antiviral activity. | 1998 | 9871553 |
| high-throughput screening assay for helicase enzymes. | we have developed a novel 96-well microtiter plate high-throughput screening filtration assay for the detection of helicase activity. in this paper we present data for detection of helicase activity of the ul5/8/52 helicase-primase complex from herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv1). the assay involves the detection of radioactively labeled oligonucleotide annealed to a single-stranded circular dna following capture of the annealed complex on silica beads. we have screened over 200,000 samples containing ... | 1998 | 9866703 |
| a phase i/ii dose-escalation study of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase "suicide" gene therapy for metastatic melanoma. study group on gene therapy of metastatic melanoma. | we performed a dose-escalating phase i/ii study of retrovirus-mediated herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (hsv-1-tk) suicide gene therapy for metastatic melanoma. hsv-1 tk expression, which specifically sensitizes transduced and bystander cancer cells to ganciclovir (gcv) toxicity, was mediated by one (four patients, first dose step) to three (four patients, second dose step) injections of "m11" retrovirus vector-producing cells in melanoma cutaneous nodules. after a 7-day period allow ... | 1998 | 9853525 |
| igg and igm antibodies of herpes simplex virus type-1 and type-2 in 233 maternal and neonatal sera. | 1998 | 9849717 | |
| identical 371-base-pair deletion mutations in the lat genes of herpes simplex virus type 1 mckrae and 17syn+ result in different in vivo reactivation phenotypes. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) lat gene is the only viral gene abundantly transcribed during latency. lat null mutants created with strains mckrae and 17syn+ are impaired for both in vivo spontaneous and in vivo-induced reactivation. thus, lat is essential for efficient in vivo-induced and spontaneous reactivation. different investigators have studied two lat mutants containing a styi-styi region deletion corresponding to lat nucleotides 76 to 447. one mutant, dlat371 (parent strain, mc ... | 1999 | 9847385 |
| [effect of l-lysine-a-oxidase on reproduction of herpes simplex type i virus in vitro]. | l-lysin-a-oxidase (lo), a fungal enzyme catalysing oxidative deamination of l-lysin, was used for the inhibition of the reproduction of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). antiviral activity of lo was tested in vitro. the expression of viral antigens and cpe of hsv-1 was inhibited by lo at a concentration 0.7 mg/ml. | 1998 | 9845927 |
| atf/creb elements in the herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript promoter interact with members of the atf/creb and ap-1 transcription factor families. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) latency-associated transcript (lat) promoter 1 (lp1) is an inducible and cell type-specific promoter involved in regulating the production of an 8.3-kb primary lat transcript during acute and latent infection of peripheral sensory neurons and during subsequent virus reactivation. a number of cis-acting regulatory elements have been identified in lp1, including two cyclic-amp (camp) response element (cre)-like sequences, designated cre-1 and cre-2. cre-1 ha ... | 1998 | 9845850 |
| exercise effects on ifn-beta expression and viral replication in lung macrophages after hsv-1 infection. | mice exercised to fatigue and exposed to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) exhibit greater mortality than control mice. in this study, we examined lung macrophage resistance to hsv-1 after exercise in terms of both viral replication and interferon (ifn)-beta production. we utilized the reverse transcriptase-rapid polymerase chain reaction to measure the ifn-beta mrna content in alveolar macrophages. ifn release was measured with a bioassay, and viral replication within the macrophage was asses ... | 1998 | 9843845 |
| coexistence of pemphigus vulgaris and herpes simplex virus infection in oral mucosa diagnosed by cytology, immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction. | a case of pemphigus vulgaris concurrent with hepres simplex virus (hsv) infection in a 53-yr-old female is described, in which the diagnosis was based on oral scraping cytology. two populations of abnormal cells were identified in the oral smear. one abnormal cell population was characterized by the presence of numerous single cells and sheets and smaller aggregates of loosely cohesive epithelial cells that appeared to have only a few points of intercellular attachment. a second population of ab ... | 1998 | 9839135 |
| induction of interferon-alpha by glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus: a possible role of chemokine receptors. | the induction of type i interferons by most rna viruses is initiated by virus-derived double-stranded (ds)rna. however, retro- and dna-viruses, which do not synthesize dsrna, must rely on different mechanisms of induction. for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), recombinant glycoproteins 120 or 160 suffice to induce interferon (ifn)-alpha in blood-derived lymphocytes [h. ankel, m. r. capobianchi, c. castilletti, and f. dianzani (1994). virology 205, 34-43]. here we show that for herpes ... | 1998 | 9837796 |
| the antiherpesvirus activity of h2g [(r)-9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine] is markedly enhanced by the novel immunosuppressive agent mycophenolate mofetil. | mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) has been approved as an immunosuppressive agent in kidney transplant recipients and may thus be used concomitantly with antiherpetic agents, which are used for the treatment of intercurrent herpesvirus infections. we have recently demonstrated that mmf and its parent compound mycophenolic acid (mpa), which is a potent inhibitor of imp dehydrogenase, potentiate the antiherpesvirus activity of acyclovir, ganciclovir, and penciclovir. we have now evaluated the antiviral ... | 1998 | 9835529 |
| recombinant cd40l treatment protects allogeneic murine bone marrow transplant recipients from death caused by herpes simplex virus-1 infection. | posttransplant infection associated with host immune deficiency is the major cause of nonrelapse mortality of human bone marrow transplant recipients. in a new murine model of posttransplant infection, allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients were infected with herpes simplex virus-1 (hsv-1) via intraperitoneal inoculation 12 weeks after transplantation. allogeneic transplant recipients with graft-versus-host disease (gvhd) had significantly increased mortality from hsv-1 encephalitis, with ... | 1998 | 9834255 |
| imaging of adenoviral-directed herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase reporter gene expression in mice with radiolabeled ganciclovir. | we are developing procedures to repeatedly and noninvasively image the expression of transplanted reporter genes in living animals and in patients, using pet. we have investigated the use of the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene (hsv1-tk) as a reporter gene and [8-14c]-ganciclovir as a reporter probe. hsv1-tk, when expressed, leads to phosphorylation of [8-14c]-ganciclovir. as a result, specific accumulation of phosphorylated [8-14c]-ganciclovir should occur almost exclusively in ... | 1998 | 9829598 |
| high-efficacy thymidine kinase gene transfer to ovarian cancer cell lines mediated by herpes simplex virus type 1 vector. | in this report, a replication-defective herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) vector has been employed to deliver the escherichia coli lacz and hsv thymidine kinase (hsvtk) genes to six human ovarian carcinoma cell lines and the efficacy of gene transfer compared to that of adenoviral vectors in vitro. the transduction efficiency of the lacz-containing virus toz.1 was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively following infection of the different ovarian cancer cell lines. the therapeutic ability ... | 1998 | 9826472 |
| the role of neutralizing antibody and t-helper subtypes in protection and pathogenesis of vaccinated mice following ocular hsv-1 challenge. | in order to determine the possible correlation of specific immune responses with protection against mortality and ocular disease following ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) challenge, balb/c mice were vaccinated with different doses and regimens of baculovirus-expressed gd. neutralizing antibody, virus titres in the eyes, corneal scarring, and survival were measured. in addition, infiltration into the cornea of cd4+ t cells and cells containing the lymphokines interleukin-2 (il-2), il-4 ... | 1998 | 9824497 |
| the herpes simplex virus type 1 helicase-primase. analysis of helicase activity. | the rate of unwinding of duplex dna by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-encoded helicase-primase (primosome) was determined by measuring the rate of appearance of single strands from a circular duplex dna containing a 40-nucleotide 5' single-stranded tail, i.e. a preformed replication fork, in the presence of the hsv-1 single strand dna-binding protein, infected cell protein 8 (icp8). with this substrate, the rate at low ionic strength was highly sensitive to mg2+ concentration. the mg2+ ... | 1998 | 9822692 |
| histopathological responses in the cns following inoculation with a non-neurovirulent mutant (1716) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv 1): relevance for gene and cancer therapy. | the rl1 gene of herpes simplex virus (hsv) encodes a polypeptide, icp34.5 which is a specific virulence determinant. rl1 null mutants fail to replicate in both the pns and cns and are incapable of causing encephalitis. additionally, rl1 null mutants have the capacity to replicate in actively dividing cells but fail to replicate in growth arrested or terminally differentiated cells. this selective replication phenotype has highlighted their use as both tumour killing agents and gene delivery vehi ... | 1998 | 9821167 |
| translational control of viral and host protein synthesis during the course of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection: evidence that initiation of translation is the limiting step. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection induces the selective shut-off of host protein synthesis, other than ribosomal proteins, and the successive synthesis of viral proteins. because viral mrnas persist in the cytoplasm after viral protein synthesis has been inhibited, we hypothesized that viral gene expression may be under translational control. expression of genes encoding immediate early icp27, early dbp and late us11 proteins, together with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (g ... | 1998 | 9820153 |
| adenoviral vectors efficiently target cell lines derived from selected lymphocytic malignancies, including anaplastic large cell lymphoma and hodgkin's disease. | we have hypothesized that adenoviral vectors might mediate gene transfer into cell lines derived from human lymphocytic malignancies, such as lymphoma, lymphocytic leukemia, and myeloma. a panel of 33 cell lines was studied for their ability to be transduced by an adenoviral (ad) vector encoding the escherichia coli beta-galactosidase gene (ad-betagal). a cytochemical assay and a flow cytometry assay both demonstrated that a subset of lymphocytic cell lines can be efficiently transduced by adeno ... | 1997 | 9815692 |
| "suicide" gene for the control of graft-versus-host disease. | specific and conditional in vivo ablation of alloreactive donor t cells after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation could significantly contribute to preventing and treating graft-versus-host disease (gvhd). the use of donor t cells expressing a "suicide" gene such as the thymidine kinase gene of the herpes simplex virus 1 (hs-tk) has the potential of achieving such a goal. ex vivo retroviral-mediated hs-tk gene transfer in human t cells as well as ganciclovir sensitivity of such ge ... | 1998 | 9814659 |
| caffeine inhibits paresthesia induced by herpes simplex virus through action on primary sensory neurons in rats. | herpetic infection causes paresthesia, including hypoalgesia, in humans and hypoalgesia in rats. this study was conducted to examine the effect of caffeine, which inhibits replication of herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv) and affects several neuronal functions, on hsv-induced paresthesia in rats. hsv-induced hypoalgesia was suppressed by repeated treatment of unilateral hindpaw with 10% caffeine gel regardless of when the treatment was started. repeated treatment with acyclovir, an anti-hsv agent ... | 1998 | 9809669 |
| pure populations of transduced primary human cells can be produced using gfp expressing herpes virus vectors and flow cytometry. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) has often been suggested as a vector for gene delivery to the nervous system although it is also capable of infecting many other cell types. hsv also has the ability to package large genetic insertions so the expression of multiple genes from a single virus is possible. here we show that a green fluorescent protein (gfp) expressing hsv1 vector can transduce two primary human cell types--quiescent human cd34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells and dendritic cells--which are ... | 1998 | 9797879 |
| detection of microorganisms in vessel wall specimens of the abdominal aorta: development of a pcr assay in the absence of a gold standard. | a procedure in which the "invitrogen easy-dna" kit was followed by a silica-based method for the isolation of dna was developed for extraction of pcr-inhibitor-free dna from up to 300 mg of human vessel wall tissue. optimally designed pcr assays were developed for the detection of at least one infected cell in this amount of tissue. details of the procedure are given for the detection of dna of chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in human vessel walls ... | 1998 | 9795995 |
| cytodifferentiating agents affect the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 in the absence of functional vp16. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) mutant in1814 encodes an altered form of the virion protein vp16 that is unable to transactivate immediate-early (ie) transcription. as a consequence of the mutation, in1814 initiates productive replication inefficiently after infection of tissue culture cells. previous studies showed that this defect could be overcome by the inclusion in the culture medium of hexamethylene bisacetamide (hmba), a compound that promotes the differentiation of murine erythro ... | 1998 | 9791032 |
| acute viral encephalitis in adults--a prospective study. | we have prospectively studied 27 adult patients attending the department of infectious diseases, göteborg, sweden, between october 1992 and october 1996 with a diagnosis of acute viral encephalitis. in addition to cerebrospinal fluid (csf) virus isolations and antibody analyses against herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, varicella zoster virus, epstein-barr virus (ebv), enterovirus, adenovirus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, and mycoplasma, polymerase chain reaction test (pcr) to 5 viruses fr ... | 1998 | 9790126 |
| apolipoprotein e and herpes simplex virus 1 in alzheimer's disease. | 1998 | 9788486 | |
| [molecular biology and molecular genetics in otorhinolaryngology--virus infections in inner ears]. | 1998 | 9786744 | |
| infection of the corneal endothelium in herpes simplex keratitis. | to describe viral infection of the corneal endothelium in a patient with recurrent herpes simplex virus keratitis in the corneal graft. | 1998 | 9780108 |
| x-ray analysis of a complex of escherichia coli uracil dna glycosylase (ecudg) with a proteinaceous inhibitor. the structure elucidation of a prokaryotic udg. | uracil-dna glycosylase (udg), a key highly conserved dna repair enzyme involved in uracil excision repair, was discovered in escherichia coli . the bacillus subtilis bacteriophage, pbs-1 and pbs-2, which contain dump residues in their dna, express a udg inhibitor protein, ugi which binds to udg very tightly to form a physiologically irreversible complex. the x-ray analysis of the e. coli udg ( ec udg)-ugi complex at 3.2 a resolution, leads to the first structure elucidation of a bacterial udg mo ... | 1998 | 9776748 |
| bell's palsy associated with herpes simplex gingivostomatitis. a case report. | bell's palsy is a sudden, isolated, peripheral facial paralysis caused by various known and sometimes unknown factors. the case of an 18-year-old man who developed bell's palsy after onset of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is presented. although bell's palsy has already been associated with herpes simplex virus type 1, the described case is the first in the literature in which enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for immunoglobulin g to herpes simplex virus type 1 and herpes simplex virus type ... | 1998 | 9768417 |
| in vitro processing of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna replication intermediates by the viral alkaline nuclease, ul12. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) dna replication intermediates exist in a complex nonlinear structure that does not migrate into a pulsed-field gel. genetic evidence suggests that the product of the ul12 gene, termed alkaline nuclease, plays a role in processing replication intermediates (r. martinez, r. t. sarisky, p. c. weber, and s. k. weller, j. virol. 70:2075-2085, 1996). in this study we have tested the hypothesis that alkaline nuclease acts as a structure-specific resolvase. cruciform ... | 1998 | 9765421 |
| the herpes simplex virus us11 protein effectively compensates for the gamma1(34.5) gene if present before activation of protein kinase r by precluding its phosphorylation and that of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2. | in herpes simplex virus-infected cells, viral gamma134.5 protein blocks the shutoff of protein synthesis by activated protein kinase r (pkr) by directing the protein phosphatase 1alpha to dephosphorylate the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eif-2alpha). the amino acid sequence of the gamma134.5 protein which interacts with the phosphatase has high homology to a domain of the eukaryotic protein gadd34. a class of compensatory mutants characterized by a deletion which r ... | 1998 | 9765401 |
| highly variable distribution of hsv-1-specific dna in human geniculate, vestibular and spiral ganglia. | viral reactivation in temporal ganglia is the suspected cause of bell's palsy, vestibular neuritis and sudden hearing loss. since the distribution of latent herpes simplex type 1 (hsv-1) in geniculate, vestibular and spiral ganglia of individual human temporal bones could have implications for the explanation of isolated as well as combined disorders of these three cranial nerves, we examined these ganglia in 18 human temporal bones of adults by nested polymerase chain reaction. in all of the te ... | 1998 | 9756341 |
| antiviral activity of viracea against acyclovir susceptible and acyclovir resistant strains of herpes simplex virus. | viracea, a topical microbicide, is a blend of benzalkonium chloride and phytochemicals derived from echinacea purpurea and is a proprietary formula from destiny biomedix corp. viracea was tested against 40 strains of herpes simplex virus (hsv): 15 strains (five hsv-1 and ten hsv-2) were resistant to acyclovir (acv-r) and 25 strains (13 hsv-1 and 12 hsv-2) were susceptible to acv (acv-s). the median ed50 of viracea for the five acv-r strains of hsv-1 was a 1:100 dilution of the drug with a range ... | 1998 | 9754950 |
| the antiviral activity of the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor bild 1351 se in combination with acyclovir against hsv type-1 in cell culture. | bild 1351 se is a selective peptidomimetic subunit association inhibitor of the herpes simplex virus (hsv) ribonucleotide reductase (rr) with potent antiviral activity both in cell culture assays and animal models of hsv disease. the ability of bild 1351 se to inhibit the replication of hsv-1 when used in combination with acyclovir (acv) for the treatment of hsv infections was investigated in baby hamster kidney cells using a 96-well enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the effective concentration ... | 1998 | 9754948 |
| nuclear redistribution of brca1 during viral infection. | the functions and the intracellular localization of the breast/ovarian susceptibility gene product, brca1, has been controversial. to arrive at a clear understanding of its localization and relative position to other nuclear structures, a new monoclonal antibody was produced and characterized by immunohistochemical techniques with other brca1 antibodies. each of the antibodies specifically detected brca1 as localized to specific nuclear domains and did so in a variety of cells and in a cell cycl ... | 1998 | 9751118 |
| polymorphisms of thymidine kinase gene in herpes simplex virus type 1: analysis of clinical isolates from herpetic keratitis patients and laboratory strains. | drug-resistance of herpes simplex virus (hsv) is caused most frequently by mutation of the viral thymidine kinase (tk) gene. to elucidate the significance of detecting nucleotide changes of the tk gene for screening drug-resistant viruses, the frequency and variation of the genetic polymorphisms in the whole coding region of the tk gene were studied in 14 acyclovir-susceptible hsv type 1 (hsv-1) clinical isolates from 14 patients with epithelial herpetic keratitis. two reference hsv-1 laboratory ... | 1998 | 9746072 |
| limited use of cationic liposomes as tools to enhance the antiherpetic activities of oligonucleotides in vero cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. | we used commercially available cationic liposomes, lipofectin, dotap, and transfectam, to enhance the antiherpetic activities of phosphodiester oligonucleotides (d-oligos) or phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (s-oligos) targeted against immediate-early pre-mrna4/5 of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). with a 5-fold excess of s-oligos/d-oligos, formation of complexes with some of the s-oligos/d-oligos and the cationic liposomes could be visualized on agarose gel. a >5-fold excess of cationic li ... | 1998 | 9743464 |
| modulation of virus-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity by plasmid dna encoding the cytokine interleukin-10. | this report evaluates the efficacy of eukaryotic expression plasmids encoding cytokines at modulating the induction and expression of cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) responses to virus infections. mice given a single intramuscular administration of cytokine dna were subsequently infected with either herpes simplex virus (hsv) or vaccinia virus, then tested for dth. responses in animals given interleukin-10 dna were markedly suppressed for at least 5 weeks after pretreatment. animal ... | 1998 | 9741332 |
| antigenic variation of varicella zoster virus fc receptor ge: loss of a major b cell epitope in the ectodomain. | varicella zoster virus (vzv) is considered to possess a genetically stable genome; only one serotype is recognized around the world. the 125-kbp genome contains approximately 70 open reading frames. one that has received particular attention is open reading frame 68, which codes for glycoprotein ge, the predominant 623-residue viral envelope product that harbors both b and t cell epitopes. this report describes the initial characterization of a community-acquired vzv isolate that was a distingui ... | 1998 | 9740773 |
| the herpes simplex virus type 1 origin binding protein. specific recognition of phosphates and methyl groups defines the interacting surface for a monomeric dna binding domain in the major groove of dna. | the ul9 gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) encodes an origin binding protein (obp). it is an atp-dependent dna helicase and a sequence-specific dna-binding protein. the latter function is carried out by the c-terminal domain of obp (deltaobp). we have now performed a quantitative analysis of the interaction between deltaobp and its recognition sequence, gttcgcac, in oris. initially optimal conditions for binding were carefully determined. we observed that complexes with different electr ... | 1998 | 9733759 |
| suicide gene therapy of chemically induced mammary tumor in rat: efficacy and distant bystander effect. | we examined the efficacy of suicide gene therapy for nitrosomethylurea-induced mammary tumors in rats. individual tumors were directly injected with a retrovirus-producing cell line that releases retroviral vectors that transduce the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (hsv1-tk) gene. hsv1-tk specifically converts the nucleoside analogue ganciclovir (gcv) into a toxic metabolite. compared to control rats receiving saline, we observed a significant tumor regression of the injected tumors ... | 1998 | 9721854 |
| synthesis and evaluation of 2-amino-9-(3-hydroxymethyl-4-alkoxycarbonyloxybut-1-yl)purines as potential prodrugs of penciclovir. | a series of 2-amino-9-(3-hydroxymethyl-4-alkoxycarbonyloxybut-1-yl)purines (4-10) and 2-amino-9-(2-(2-oxo-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)ethyl)purine (1) were synthesized as potential prodrugs of penciclovir and evaluated for their oral penciclovir bioavailability in mice and rats. treatment of 2-(2-benzyloxyethyl)propane-1,3-diol (11) with 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole in thf followed by hydrogenolytic removal of the benzyl group of the resulting cyclic carbonate 12 gave 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-dioxan-2-one (13). m ... | 1998 | 9719596 |
| tissue specific distribution of the herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcripts on polyribosomes during latent infection. | transcription of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) during latency produces two abundant latency-associated transcripts (lats). we have recently shown, that during hsv-1 latency in mice trigeminal ganglia (tg) lats are bound to polyribosomes (j virol, 1997, 71, 2897-2904). in order to study the possible role of this binding in the latency process, we now extend the polyribosomal analysis to brainstem tissues of latently infected mice, that unlike tg do not support viral reactivation. we report ... | 1998 | 9718134 |
| exploring the active site of herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase by x-ray crystallography of complexes with aciclovir and other ligands. | antiherpes therapies are principally targeted at viral thymidine kinases and utilize nucleoside analogs, the triphosphates of which are inhibitors of viral dna polymerase or result in toxic effects when incorporated into dna. the most frequently used drug, aciclovir (zovirax), is a relatively poor substrate for thymidine kinase and high-resolution structural information on drugs and other molecules binding to the target is therefore important for the design of novel and more potent chemotherapy, ... | 1998 | 9715911 |
| rd6-2198, a novel betain-type fluoroalkylated oligomer, inhibits the replications of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and other enveloped viruses. | we have examined a novel betain-type fluoroalkylated oligomer, rd6-2198, for its inhibitory effects on the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and other enveloped viruses, including herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2, respectively) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in cell cultures. we have found that the compound is a potent and selective inhibitor of these viruses. rd6-2198 inhibited the replication of hiv-1iiib at a concentration of 0.85 microg/ml w ... | 1998 | 9707376 |
| herpes simplex type 1 induction of persistent nf-kappa b nuclear translocation increases the efficiency of virus replication. | the latent form of the dimeric transcription factor nf-kappa b is sequestered in the cytoplasm by proteins containing ankyrin repeats, such as 1 kappa b alpha and beta, or by the p105 precursor form of the nf-kappa b p50 subunit. tumor necrosis factor alpha or virus infection can cause targeted destruction of 1 kappa b and nuclear translocation of nf-kappa b. following translocation, nf-kappa b mediates immune, inflammatory, or anti-apoptotic responses. here we present evidence that beginning at ... | 1998 | 9705914 |
| an antivirally active sulfated polysaccharide from sargassum horneri (turner) c. agardh. | a sulfated polysaccharide was isolated from the hot water extract of a brown alga, sargassum horneri (turner) c. agardh. fucose was detected as the main component sugar of this polysaccharide. this compound showed potent antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1, human cytomegalovirus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1. time-of-addition experiments suggested that it inhibited not only the initial stages of viral infection, such as attachment to and penetration into host cells, ... | 1998 | 9703258 |
| antiviral activity of fa-11h on the infectivity and replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 in cultured cells. | the highest concentration lacking cytotoxicity (h.c.l.c.) of the acid fa-11h, related to ester fa-11 (ethyl 4-trifluoromethyl-2-methylthio-5-pyrimidinecarboxylate), was determined on vero cultured cells. at this concentration (300 micrograms/ml) fa-11h produced an 81.4% inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 infectivity with respect to the plaque formation detected in control infected cultures. this inhibitory activity was substantiated by studies on progeny production. fa-11h revealed a high ... | 1998 | 9699209 |
| tnf-alpha expression and herpes simplex infection in human monocytes treated with growth hormone, prolactin and insulin. | we evaluated the in vitro effect of growth hormone (gh), prolactin (prl) and insulin treatment of human monocytes on herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection. gh and prl increased cell susceptibility to infection which was related to a slight tnf-alpha expression and release. insulin had no significant effect. cells activated with lipopolysaccharide (lps) and then treated with prl showed a lower susceptibility to hsv infection related to a significant increase in tnf-alpha expression and re ... | 1998 | 9699200 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characterization of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex viruses from immunocompromised patients. | phenotypic and genotypic analyses were done on 30 acyclovir-resistant and 5 acyclovir-susceptible herpes simplex virus (hsv) isolates (22 hsv type 1 and 13 hsv type 2) recovered from 24 subjects. all isolates were susceptible to foscarnet. the phenotypes of the acyclovir-resistant hsv isolates were as follows: 17 were thymidine kinase (tk) deficient, 12 had decreased tk activity (produced low amounts of viral tk) or tk with altered substrate specificity, and 1 was undetermined. sequencing analys ... | 1998 | 9697707 |
| an enhanced packaging system for helper-dependent herpes simplex virus vectors. | helper-dependent herpes simplex virus (hsv) vectors (amplicons) show considerable promise to provide for long-term transduced-gene expression in most cell types. the current packaging system of choice for these vectors involves cotransfection with a set of five overlapping cosmids that encode the full hsv type 1 (hsv-1) helper virus genome from which the packaging (pac) elements have been deleted. although both the helper virus and the hsv amplicon can replicate, only the latter is packaged into ... | 1998 | 9696807 |
| phosphorylation of structural components promotes dissociation of the herpes simplex virus type 1 tegument. | the role of phosphorylation in the dissociation of structural components of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) tegument was investigated, using an in vitro assay. addition of physiological concentrations of atp and magnesium to wild-type virions in the presence of detergent promoted the release of vp13/14 and vp22. vp1/2 and the ul13 protein kinase were not significantly solubilized. however, using a virus with an inactivated ul13 protein, we found that the release of vp22 was severely impa ... | 1998 | 9696804 |
| functional region iv of glycoprotein d from herpes simplex virus modulates glycoprotein binding to the herpesvirus entry mediator. | glycoprotein d (gd) of herpes simplex virus (hsv) is essential for virus entry and has four functional regions (i to iv) important for this process. we previously showed that a truncated form of a functional region iv variant, gd1(delta290-299t), had an enhanced ability to block virus entry and to bind to the herpesvirus entry mediator (hveat; formerly hvemt), a cellular receptor for hsv. to explore this phenotype further, we examined other forms of gd, especially ones with mutations in region i ... | 1998 | 9696802 |
| effect of the extract of annona muricata and petunia nyctaginiflora on herpes simplex virus. | annona muricata (annonaceae) and petunia nyctaginiflora (solanaceae) were screened for their activity against herpes simplex virus-1 (hsv-1) and clinical isolate (obtained from the human keratitis lesion). we have looked at the ability of extract(s) to inhibit the cytopathic effect of hsv-1 on vero cells as indicative of anti-hsv-1 potential. the minimum inhibitory concentration of ethanolic extract of a. muricata and aqueous extract of p. nyctaginiflora was found to be 1 mg/ml. | 1998 | 9687085 |
| 3,6-diamino-10-methylacridan: uncharged precursor of acriflavine and its unique antimicrobial activity. | 1998 | 9685231 | |
| distinct domains in herpes simplex virus type 1 us11 protein mediate post-transcriptional transactivation of human t-lymphotropic virus type i envelope glycoprotein gene expression and specific binding to the rex responsive element. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv- 1) us11 protein is an rna-binding protein which is able to mediate post-transcriptional transactivation of human t-lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i) envelope glycoprotein gene expression by interacting with the rex responsive element (xre) located at the 3' end of the env mrna. in view of this functional activity, and because us11 protein is capable of substituting for htlv-i rex protein, it was hypothesized that us11 protein should exhibit at least two functio ... | 1998 | 9680120 |
| viral encephalitis: a challenging diagnosis in an icu. | 1998 | 9677939 | |
| [diagnosis of herpetic uveitis and keratouveitis]. | in epithelial viral keratitis as in viral retinitis, the diagnosis is made on the basis of typical clinical findings. a laboratory confirmation is achieved in over 80% using routine laboratory methods. in contrast, it is almost impossible to confirm the diagnosis of stromal herpetic keratitis in vivo using the currently available laboratory methods. nothing is known about the situation in cases of viral anterior uveitis. | 1998 | 9677579 |
| acyclic nucleoside phosphonates in the chemotherapy of dna virus and retrovirus infections. | the acyclic nucleoside phosphonates [hpmpc (cidofovir), pmea (adefovir) and pmpa] have proved to the effective in vitro (cell culture systems) and in vivo (animal models, clinical studies) against a wide variety of dna virus and retrovirus infections: i.e., hpmpc against herpesvirus (herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, human herpesvirus types 6, 7, and 18), polyoma-, papilloma-, adeno-, and poxvirus (vaccinia virus, molluscum contagiosu ... | 1997 | 9675635 |
| the probability of in vivo reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 increases with the number of latently infected neurons in the ganglia. | the purpose of this study was to define the relationship between herpes simplex virus (hsv) latency and in vivo ganglionic reactivation. groups of mice with numbers of latently infected neurons ranging from 1.9 to 24% were generated by varying the input titer of wild-type hsv type 1 strain 17syn+. reactivation of the virus in mice from each group was induced by hyperthermic stress. the number of animals that exhibited virus reactivation was positively correlated with the number of latently infec ... | 1998 | 9658140 |