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nutraceuticals and dietary supplements to improve quality of life and outcomes in heart failure patients.heart failure (hf) is a complex clinical syndrome that can result from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill or eject blood. it represents a major public health issue, with a prevalence of over 23 million worldwide. the lifetime risk of developing hf is one in five and the most important risk factors identified are ischemic heart disease, hypertension, smoking, obesity and diabetes. preventive approaches are based on improvements of lifes ...201728120718
effects of overexpression of wri1 and hemoglobin genes on the seed oil content of lepidium campestre.the wild species field cress (lepidium campestre), belonging to the brassicaceae family, has potential to be developed into a novel oilseed- and catch crop, however, the species needs to be further improved regarding some important agronomic traits. one of them is its low oil content which needs to be increased. as far as we know there is no study aiming at increasing the oil content that has been reported in this species. in order to investigate the possibility to increase the seed oil content ...201628119714
ethylene response pathway modulates attractiveness of plant roots to soybean cyst nematode heterodera glycines.plant parasitic nematodes respond to root exudates to locate their host roots. in our studies second stage juveniles of heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode (scn), quickly migrated to soybean roots in pluronic f-127 gel. roots of soybean and non-host arabidopsis treated with the ethylene (et)-synthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine (avg) were more attractive to scn than untreated roots, and significantly more nematodes penetrated into roots. moreover, arabidopsis et insensitive mut ...201728112257
molecular characterization and construction of an infectious clone of a pepper isolate of beet curly top iran virus.geminiviruses cause curly top disease, in dicotyledonous plants which constrains host crop production. beet curly top iran virus (bctiv) is a widespread becurtovirus (family geminiviridae) in numerous areas within iran. in this study, we isolated and analyzed a full-length genomic dna of a new variant of bctiv from pepper crops in the kaftark region, east of shiraz (proposed acronym: bctiv-kaf [ir: kaf:2016:pepper]). infected pepper plants showed shortening of internodes, severe interveinal chlo ...201628097164
efficient callus formation and plant regeneration are heritable characters in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.).obtaining dedifferentiated cells (callus) that can regenerate into whole plants is not always feasible for many plant species. sugar beet is known to be recalcitrant for dedifferentiation and plant regeneration. these difficulties were major obstacles for obtaining transgenic sugar beets through an agrobacterium-mediated transformation procedure. the sugar beet line 'nk-219mm-o' is an exceptional line that forms callus efficiently and is easy to regenerate, but the inheritance of these character ...201628096774
down-regulation of a chitin synthase a gene by rna interference enhances pathogenicity of beauveria bassiana anu1 against spodoptera exigua (hübner).chitin synthase (chs) is an important enzymatic component, which is required for chitin formation in the cuticles and cuticular linings of other tissues in insects. chss have been divided into two classes, classes a and b, based on their amino acid sequence similarities and functions. class a chs (chs-a) is specifically expressed in the epidermis and related ectodermal cells such as tracheal cells, while class b chs (chs-b) is expressed in gut epithelial cells that produce peritrophic matrices. ...201728094453
complete genome sequence of pseudomonas brassicacearum strain l13-6-12, a biological control agent from the rhizosphere of potato.pseudomonas brassicacearum strain l13-6-12 is a rhizosphere colonizer of potato, lettuce and sugar beet. previous studies have shown that this motile, gram-negative, non-sporulating bacterium is an effective biocontrol agent against different phytopathogens. here, we announce and describe the complete genome sequence of p. brassicacearum l13-6-12 consisting of a single 6.7 mb circular chromosome that consists of 5773 protein coding genes and 85 rna-only encoding genes. genome analysis revealed g ...201728078051
functional characterisation and cell specificity of bvsut1, the transporter that loads sucrose into the phloem of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) source leaves.sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) is one of the most important sugar-producing plants worldwide and provides about one third of the sugar consumed by humans. here we report on molecular characterisation of the bvsut1 gene and on the functional characterisation of the encoded transporter. in contrast to the recently identified tonoplast-localised sucrose transporter bvtst2.1 from sugar beet taproots, which evolved within the monosaccharide transporter (mst) superfamily, bvsut1 represents a classical ...201728075052
the effect of thermal treatment on antioxidant capacity and pigment contents in separated betalain fractions.increased consumption of fruits and vegetables significantly reduces the risk of cardio-vascular disease. this beneficial effect on the human organism is ascribed to the antioxidant compounds these foods contain. unfortunately, many products, particularly vegetables, need to be subjected to thermal processing before consumption. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of such thermal treatment on the antioxidant capacity and pigment contents in separated fractions of violet pigments (b ...201728071025
geographic origin and host cultivar influence on digestive physiology of spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae.digestive enzymatic activity in three geographic strains (miandiab, kalposh and moghan regions) of spodoptera exigua (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) reared on different sugar beet cultivars (dorothea, rozier, persia and perimer) was studied under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1 °c, 65 ± 5% rh, and a photo period of 16:8 (l:d) h photoperiod). the results of this study demonstrated that digestive protease and amylase activity of s. exigua larvae was affected by both geographic origin of the pest a ...201728069730
mixing behaviour of wpi-pectin-complexes in meat dispersions: impact of biopolymer ratios.particulated complexes composed of oppositely charged biopolymers were incorporated into highly concentrated protein matrices as potential fat replacers and structuring agents. a multistep procedure was therefore utilized to generate process-stable complexes, which were subsequently embedded into emulsion-type sausages, whereas macro- and microstructural properties were then assessed. firstly, stock wpi and sugar beet pectin solutions were mixed under neutral conditions (ph 7) at various biopoly ...201728059405
analysis of phylogenetic relationships and genome size evolution of the amaranthus genus using gbs indicates the ancestors of an ancient crop.the genus amaranthus consists of 50-70 species and harbors several cultivated and weedy species of great economic importance. a small number of suitable traits, phenotypic plasticity, gene flow and hybridization made it difficult to establish the taxonomy and phylogeny of the whole genus despite various studies using molecular markers. we inferred the phylogeny of the amaranthus genus using genotyping by sequencing (gbs) of 94 genebank accessions representing 35 amaranthus species and measured t ...201728057554
a conserved region in the closterovirus 1a polyprotein drives extensive remodeling of endoplasmic reticulum membranes and induces motile globules in nicotiana benthamiana cells.in infected plant cells, closterovirus replicative polyproteins 1a and 1ab drive membrane remodeling and formation of multivesicular replication platforms. polyprotein 1a contains a variable central region (cr) between the methyltransferase and helicase domains. in a previous study, we have found that transient expression of the beet yellows virus cr-2 segment (aa 1305-1494) in nicotiana benthamiana induces the formation of ~1µm mobile globules originating from the er membranes. in the present s ...201728027478
response of pemphigus betae (hemiptera: aphididae) and beneficial epigeal arthropod communities to sugarbeet plant density and seed-applied insecticide in western nebraska.this study investigated the impact of a neonicotinoid seed-applied insecticide (poncho beta) and two plant densities (86,487 and 61,776 plants per hectare) on the sugarbeet root aphid (pemphigus betae doane), beneficial epigeal arthropods, and selected crop yield parameters in sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l. var. vulgaris). ground beetles and centipedes were the most commonly collected taxa during 2012 and 2013, respectively. centipede, spider, and rove beetle activity densities were not affected by ...201728025226
revealing the inventory of type iii effectors in pantoea agglomerans gall-forming pathovars using draft genome sequences and a machine-learning approach.pantoea agglomerans, a widespread epiphytic bacterium, has evolved into a hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp)-dependent and host-specific gall-forming pathogen by the acquisition of a pathogenicity plasmid containing a type iii secretion system (t3ss) and its effectors (t3es). pantoea agglomerans pv. betae (pab) elicits galls on beet (beta vulgaris) and gypsophila (gypsophila paniculata), whereas p. agglomerans pv. gypsophilae (pag) incites galls on gypsophila and a hypersensitive re ...201628019708
screening of potential sources of resistance to spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in 24 sugar beet genotypes.spodoptera exigua (hübner) is one of the polyphagous pests destroying crops such as sugar beet worldwide. the aim of this experiment was to evaluate the resistance of 24 sugar beet genotypes to s. exigua. in this study, nine sugar beet cultivars (dorotea, tous, persia, silenta, jaam, hm1339rz, jolgeh, ekbatan, and sbsi006), three hybrids ((7112*sb36)*sh-1-hsf-5, (7112*sb36)*sh-1-hsf-15, and (7112*sb36)*sh-1-hsf-16), four lines (fc201, fc301, fc220, and fc221), and eight populations (sb26, sb27, ...201728011687
splicing features in the expression of the complementary-sense genes of beet curly top iran virus.beet curly top iran virus (bctiv) is a distinct geminivirus which has been reported from sugar-beet-growing farms in iran. in this study, the role of the splicing in expression of complementary-sense genes of bctiv was studied. total rna was extracted from bctiv-infected tissue, and the predicted intron position of complementary-sense mrna transcripts was amplified by rt-pcr followed by cloning of the amplicons. sequence confirmed that both spliced and unspliced mrnas are synthesized by the same ...201728004232
impact of glyphosate-resistant sugar beet.glyphosate-resistant (gr) sugar beet became commercially available to us sugar beet growers in 2008 and was rapidly adopted. prior to the availability of gr sugar beet, growers would commonly make 3-5 herbicide applications. this often resulted in some crop injury, but was accepted to reduce the impact of weeds. in addition, non-gr sugar beet was cultivated 1-3 times and often followed by hand weeding. the introduction of gr sugar beet drastically reduced the complexity of weed management. conce ...201627991715
interfacial properties and emulsification performance of thylakoid membrane fragments.thylakoids membranes are sophisticated, dynamic structures found in plant leaves, composed of protein complexes in a dynamic lipid matrix. the interfacial absorption dynamics and viscoelasticity of thylakoid membranes fragments were measured to assess the properties of the interfacial layer and to elucidate an emulsifying mechanism that includes the role of thylakoid's composition and 3d structure. thylakoid membranes were extracted from sugar beet leaves by a series of buffer washing, filtratio ...201727991634
effects of feeding betaine-containing liquid supplement to transition dairy cows.betaine is a natural compound found in sugar beets that serves as a methyl donor and organic osmolyte when fed to animals. the objective was to evaluate the effect of feeding betaine-containing molasses on performance of transition dairy cows during late summer in 2 trials. in early september, cows were randomly assigned to betaine (bet) or control (con) groups either shortly after dry off (trial 1; n = 10 per treatment) or 24 d before calving (trial 2; n = 8 per treatment) based on parity and p ...201727988118
beet molasses-based feeding strategy enhances recombinant thermostable glucose isomerase production by escherichia coli bl21 (de3).the aim of this work was to develop an effective fed-batch feeding strategy to enhance recombinant glucose isomerase (r-gi) production by recombinant escherichia coli bl21 (de3) plyss on an industrially relevant feedstock without the application of an exogenous inducer. following the batch operation (0 < t < 7 h), the effects of pulse and/or continuous feeding of hydrolysed-beet molasses were investigated under five different feeding strategies. the two most promising strategies with respect to ...201627958654
beetroot (beta vulgaris) rescues mice from γ-ray irradiation by accelerating hematopoiesis and curtailing immunosuppression.beetroot [beta vulgaris linné (chenopodiaceae)], a vegetable usually consumed as a food or a medicinal plant in europe, has been reported to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. since the lymphohematopoietic system is the most sensitive tissue to ionizing radiation, protecting it from radiation damage is one of the best ways to decrease detrimental effects from radiation exposure.201727927068
preliminary study on cost-effective l-tryptophan production from indole and l-serine by e. coli cells.l-tryptophan is used widespread in the pharmaceutical industry. the majority of l-trp production depends on microbial processes that produce l-tryptophan from indole and l-serine. these processes are very costly due to the costs of precursors, especially l-serine. use of inexpensive substitutions as the l-serine source of l-tryptophan production enables us to reach a cost-effective process. in this paper, effect of triton x-100 on l-trp production and the ability to use iranian cane molasses as ...201727920887
phenotypic plasticity, epigenetic or genetic modifications in relation to the duration of cd-exposure within a microevolution time range in the beet armyworm.in the case of the pests inhabiting metal polluted or fields where the use of pesticides is common, a natural selection of resistant individuals can occur. this may pose serious problems for humans, agriculture, as well as the economies of many countries. in this study, the hypothesis that multigenerational (120 generations) exposure to cadmium of a beet armyworm population could be a selecting factor toward a more efficient dna protection was verified. the hemocytes of individuals from two cult ...201627907095
impact of fat source and dietary fibers on feed intake, plasma metabolites, litter gain and the yield and composition of milk in sows.sow lactation diets often include fat sources without considering the impact on digestion, metabolism and performance. fiber ingredients may reduce feed intake and are often completely excluded from lactation diets, although locally available ingredients may be cost-efficient alternatives to partly replace cereals in lactation diets. thus, a standard lactation diet low in dietary fiber, and two high-fiber diets based on sugar beet pulp (sbp) or alfalfa meal (alf) were formulated. the sbp diet wa ...201627903321
the amaranth genome: genome, transcriptome, and physical map assembly.amaranth ( l.) is an emerging pseudocereal native to the new world that has garnered increased attention in recent years because of its nutritional quality, in particular its seed protein and more specifically its high levels of the essential amino acid lysine. it belongs to the amaranthaceae family, is an ancient paleopolyploid that shows disomic inheritance (2 = 32), and has an estimated genome size of 466 mb. here we present a high-quality draft genome sequence of the grain amaranth. the geno ...201627898770
a detailed analysis of the br1 locus suggests a new mechanism for bolting after winter in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.).sugar beet (beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) is a biennial, sucrose-storing plant, which is mainly cultivated as a spring crop and harvested in the vegetative stage before winter. for increasing beet yield, over-winter cultivation would be advantageous. however, bolting is induced after winter and drastically reduces yield. thus, post-winter bolting control is essential for winter beet cultivation. to identify genetic factors controlling bolting after winter, a f2 population was previously developed ...201627895650
valorization of exhausted sugar beet cossettes by successive hydrolysis and two fermentations for the production of bio-products.exhausted sugar beet cossettes (esbc) show an enormous potential as a source of sugars for the production of bio-products. enzyme hydrolysis with the combined effect of mainly cellulases, xylanases and pectinases, turned out to be very efficient, obtaining almost double the concentration of sugars measured with the sole action of celluclast® and β-glucosidase, and increasing 5 times the hydrolysis rate. as the sole pretreatment, esbc soaked in the hydrolysis buffer were autoclaved, avoiding the ...201727894041
onset of oviposition triggers abrupt reduction in migratory flight behavior and flight muscle in the female beet webworm, loxostege sticticalis.flight and reproduction are usually considered as two life history traits that compete for resources in a migratory insect. the beet webworm, loxostege sticticalis l., manages the costs of migratory flight and reproduction through a trade-off in timing of these two life history traits, where migratory behavior occurs during the preoviposition period. to gain insight into how migratory flight and reproduction are coordinated in the female beet webworm, we conducted experiments beginning at the en ...201627893835
improved pathogenicity of a beet black scorch virus variant by low temperature and co-infection with its satellite rna.co-infection of none-coding satellite rnas (sat-rnas) usually inhibits replication and attenuates disease symptoms of helper viruses. however, we find that the sat-rna of beet black scorch virus (bbsv) and low temperature (18°c) additively enhance the systemic infection of bbsv in nicotiana benthamiana. northern blotting hybridization revealed a relatively reduced accumulation of bbsv-derived small interfering rnas (sirnas) in presence of sat-rna as compared to that of bbsv alone. cloning and se ...201627867378
simulating the environmental performance of post-harvest management measures to comply with the eu nitrates directive.nitrate (no3(-)) leaching from farmland remains the predominant source of nitrogen (n) loads to european ground- and surface water. as soil mineral n content at harvest is often high and may increase by mineralisation from crop residues and soil organic matter, it is critical to understand which post-harvest management measures can be taken to restrict the average no3(-) concentration in ground- and surface waters below the norm of 50 mg l(-1). nitrate leaching was simulated with the eu-rotate_n ...201727863773
composite films prepared from agricultural by-products.in our study we used holocelluloses from sugar beet and bagasse for film preparation. films from sugar beet holocellulose have better mechanical properties than from bagasse holocellulose. by subsequent carboxymethylation of bagasse holocellulose, films with better properties were produced. specimens prepared from combined sugar beet and bagasse carboxymethylated holocellulose had the best mechanical properties. the results could be explained by the ratios of cellulose, arabinan, polygalacturona ...201727842855
drought impact is alleviated in sugar beets (beta vulgaris l.) by foliar application of fullerenol nanoparticles.over the past few years, significant efforts have been made to decrease the effects of drought stress on plant productivity and quality. we propose that fullerenol nanoparticles (fnps, molecular formula c60(oh)24) may help alleviate drought stress by serving as an additional intercellular water supply. specifically, fnps are able to penetrate plant leaf and root tissues, where they bind water in various cell compartments. this hydroscopic activity suggests that fnps could be beneficial in plants ...201627832171
identification of degradation routes of metamitron in soil microcosms using (13)c-isotope labeling.metamitron is one of the most commonly used herbicide in sugar beet and flower bulb cultures. numerous laboratory and field studies on sorption and degradation of metamitron were performed. detailed biodegradation studies in soil using (13)c-isotope labeling are still missing. therefore, we aimed at providing a detailed turnover mass balance of (13)c6-metamitron in soil microcosms over 80 days. in the biotic system, metamitron mineralized rapidly, and (13)co2 finally constituted 60% of the initi ...201727823863
protease activity and phytocystatin expression in arabidopsis thaliana upon heterodera schachtii infection.the activity of plant proteases is important for amino acids recycling, removal of damaged proteins as well as defence responses. the second-stage juvenile of the beet cyst nematode heterodera schachtii penetrates host roots and induces the feeding site called a syncytium. to determine whether infection by h. schachtii affects proteolysis, the protease activity was studied in arabidopsis roots and shoots at the day of inoculation and 3, 7 and 15 days post inoculation (dpi). nematode infection ca ...201627816823
betacyanins enhance vitexin-2-o-xyloside mediated inhibition of proliferation of t24 bladder cancer cells.betacyanins (bc) were purified from beetroot (beta vulgaris var. rubra l.) and tested, alone or in combination with vitexin-2-o-xyloside (xvx) from beta vulgaris var. cicla l., for their ability to reduce the proliferation rate in t24 bladder cancer cells. combination of bc and xvx exhibited a synergistic effect concerning the inhibition of proliferation in t24 cancer cells at 24 and 48 h but not after 72 h of incubation. the induction of apoptosis was evidenced by means of fluorescence activate ...201627812566
assessment of the abrasion potential of pesticide-treated seeds using the heubach test.during sowing of pesticide-treated seeds, pesticide-laden dust and abraded seed particles may be emitted to the environment, possibly leading to environmental contamination and posing health risks. in many countries there is currently no legislation concerning the acceptable amount of dust of treated seeds. this study aimed to gain insight in the abrasion potential of available pesticide-treated seeds and its associated factors. the abrasion potential of 45 seed samples of 7 different species (v ...201627812241
co-digestion of sugar beet silage increases biogas yield from fibrous substrates.this study tested the hypothesis that the easily degradable carbohydrates of the sugar beet silage (s) will improve the anaerobic digestion of grass silage (g) more profoundly compared to co-digestion of sugar beet silage with maize silage (m). m : s and g : s mixtures were tested in two continuous laboratory-scale ad experiments at volatile solid ratios of 1 : 0, 6 : 1, 3 : 1, and 1 : 3 at organic loading rates of 1.5 kgvs m(-3) day(-1). while the sugar beet effects in mixtures with maize silag ...201627807538
a viral noncoding rna complements a weakened viral rna silencing suppressor and promotes efficient systemic host infection.systemic movement of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) in beta macrocarpa depends on viral rna3, whereas in nicotiana benthamiana this rna is dispensable. rna3 contains a coremin motif of 20 nucleotides essential for the stabilization of noncoding rna3 (ncrna3) and for long-distance movement in beta species. coremin mutants that are unable to accumulate ncrna3 also do not achieve systemic movement in beta species. a mutant virus carrying a mutation in the p14 viral suppressor of rna silenc ...201627782046
emerging technique for healthier frying for production of reduced-fat beetroot (beta vulgaris) chips.in the present work, the processing variables were optimized to retain betalain compound and their effect on quality attributes (oil content, breaking force and color) of fried beetroot chips. the beetroot slices were fried in lab scale vacuum fryer. experimental design with temperature (86-153 °c), absolute pressure (1.3-9.7 kpa) and frying time (2.6-9.4 min) as independent variables which produced 20 different combinations, were studied using response surface methodology to study the effect of ...201627777456
herbal remedies and functional foods used by cancer patients attending specialty oncology clinics in trinidad.cancer is a major disease worldwide, and many patients use complementary and alternative treatments. the purpose of this study was to identify the herbal remedies and functional foods used as complementary medicine by prostate, breast and colorectal cancer patients at speciality care facilities in trinidad. we also sought to determine how patients rated the efficacy of these modalities compared with conventional treatment.201627769229
effect of different sugar beet pulp pretreatments on biogas production efficiency.the objective of this study was to determine the effect of different sugar beet pulp (sbp) pretreatments on biogas yield from anaerobic digestion. sbp was subjected to grinding, thermal-pressure processing, enzymatic hydrolysis, or combination of these pretreatments. it was observed that grinding of sbp to 2.5-mm particles resulted in the cumulative biogas productivity of 617.2 ml/g volatile solids (vs), which was 20.2 % higher compared to the biogas yield from the not pretreated sbp, and compar ...201727766539
de novo sequencing and assembly analysis of the pseudostellaria heterophylla transcriptome.pseudostellaria heterophylla (miq.) pax is a mild tonic herb widely cultivated in the southern part of china. the tuberous roots of p. heterophylla accumulate high levels of secondary metabolism products of medicinal value such as saponins, flavonoids, and isoquinoline alkaloids. despite numerous studies on the pharmacological importance and purification of these compounds in p. heterophylla, their biosynthesis is not well understood. in the present study, we used illumina hiseq 4000 sequencing ...201627764127
simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of sugar beet pulp with mixed bacterial cultures for lactic acid and propylene glycol production.research into fermentative production of lactic acid from agricultural by-products has recently concentrated on the direct conversion of biomass, whereby pure sugars are replaced with inexpensive feedstock in the process of lactic acid production. in our studies, for the first time, the source of carbon used is sugar beet pulp, generated as a by-product of industrial sugar production. in this paper, we focus on the simultaneous saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass and fermentation of lact ...201627763527
effect of plant age on the quantity and quality of proteins extracted from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) leaves.effects of the developmental stage (e.g., young, mature, or senescent) of leaves on their chemical composition have been described in the literature. this study focuses on the variation in chemical composition and quantity and quality of proteins extracted from leaves due to variation in plant age (i.e., harvesting time), using leaves from sugar beets grown in a field (rhino, arrival) and in a greenhouse (isabella). within the same variety (rhino, field; arrival, field; isabella, greenhouse) the ...201627750423
production of laccase by recombinant yarrowia lipolytica from molasses: bioprocess development using statistical modeling and increase productivity in shake-flask and bioreactor cultures.laccases are used in numerous applications, from green degradation of various xenobiotic compounds, waste detoxification, textile dye bleaching, and delignification of lignocellulose materials to biofuel production. in this study, the recombinant yarrowia lipolytica yl4 strain carrying the white-rot fungus trametes versicolor laccase iiib gene was used for laccase production from beet molasses as an agro-industrial residue. response surface methodology was used to statistical optimization of the ...201727744524
development and evaluation of a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of beet necrotic yellow vein virus.sugar beet can be infected by many different viruses that can reduce yield; beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) is one of the most economically important viruses of this crop plant. this report describes a new reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay for identification of bnyvv. in addition, a novel immunocapture (ic) rt-lamp assay for rapid and easy detection (without rna extraction) of bnyvv was developed here and compared with das-elisa and rt-lamp assa ...201727738843
agrowaste to vanillin conversion by a natural pediococcus acidilactici strain bd16.owing to its flavoring, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticarcinogenic nature, vanillin is widely used in foods, beverages, perfumes and pharmaceutical products. ferulic acid (fa) is an important precursor of vanillin which is abundant in cereals like maize, rice and wheat and sugar beet. a major drawback of microbial vanillin production from fa is the degradation and biotransformation of toxic vanillin to other phenolic derivatives. the present study is undertaken to explore microbial vanillin ...201627734757
simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of sugar beet pulp for efficient bioethanol production.sugar beet pulp, a byproduct of sugar beet processing, can be used as a feedstock in second-generation ethanol production. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of pretreatment, of the dosage of cellulase and hemicellulase enzyme preparations used, and of aeration on the release of fermentable sugars and ethanol yield during simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) of sugar beet pulp-based worts. pressure-thermal pretreatment was applied to sugar beet pulp suspen ...201627722169
betalains increase vitexin-2-o-xyloside cytotoxicity in caco-2 cancer cells.vitexin-2-o-xyloside (xvx) from beta vulgaris var. cicla l. (bvc) seeds, betaxanthin (r1) and betacyanin (r2) fractions from beta vulgaris var. rubra l. (bvr) roots were combined and tested for cytotoxicity in caco-2 colon cancer cells. xvx was the most cytotoxic molecule, but the combination of xvx with r1 and r2 significantly prolonged its cytotoxicity. cytotoxicity was mediated by the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, as shown by an increase in bcl2-like protein 4, cleaved poly adp-ribosyl polymer ...201727719921
the use of sugar beet pulp lignin for the production of vanillin.the objectives of this work is to produce vanillin from sugar beet pulp by lignin oxidation and evaluate the effect of process parameters (temperature, partial pressure of oxygen, reaction time, cuso4 as a catalyst) on the yield of vanillin. purification and separation of vanillin from pressurized extract was carried out by organic solvent and crystallization. hplc, ft-ir, h nmr, gc/ms and dsc methods were performed to approve the vanillin crystal. results showed that production of vanillin was ...201727717789
non-invasive presymptomatic detection of cercospora beticola infection and identification of early metabolic responses in sugar beet.cercospora beticola is an economically significant fungal pathogen of sugar beet, and is the causative pathogen of cercospora leaf spot. selected host genotypes with contrasting degree of susceptibility to the disease have been exploited to characterize the patterns of metabolite responses to fungal infection, and to devise a pre-symptomatic, non-invasive method of detecting the presence of the pathogen. sugar beet genotypes were analyzed for metabolite profiles and hyperspectral signatures. cor ...201627713750
separation of chlorinated diastereomers of decarboxy-betacyanins in myeloperoxidase catalyzed chlorinated beta vulgaris l. extract.a comparative chromatographic evaluation of chlorinated decarboxylated betanins and betanidins generated under activity of hypochlorous acid exerted upon these highly antioxidative potent decarboxylated pigments derived from natural sources was performed by lc-dad-esi-ms/ms. comparison of the chromatographic profiles of the chlorinated pigments revealed two different directions of retention changes in relation to the corresponding substrates. chlorination of all betacyanins that are decarboxylat ...201627710887
rapid total volatile organic carbon quantification from microbial fermentation using a platinum catalyst and proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry.a novel analytical system was developed to rapidly and accurately quantify total volatile organic compound (voc) production from microbial reactor systems using a platinum catalyst and a sensitive co2 detector. this system allows nearly instantaneous determination of total voc production by utilizing a platinum catalyst to completely and quantitatively oxidize headspace vocs to co2 in coordination with a co2 detector. measurement of respiratory co2 by bypassing the catalyst allowed the total voc ...201627709547
population genetic diversity and genetic structure of spodoptera exigua around the bohai gulf area of china based on mitochondrial dna signatures.the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae), is an economically important pest that causes major losses in some main crop-producing areas of china. to control this pest effectively, it is necessary to investigate its population genetic diversity and genetic structure around the bohai gulf area of china. in this study, we used two mitochondrial genes, coi (578 bp) and cytb (724 bp), to investigate its genetic diversity. we obtained 622 coi sequences and 462 cytb sequences from 2 ...201627706794
transcriptome analysis of sugar beet root maggot (tetanops myopaeformis) genes modulated by the beta vulgaris host.sugar beet root maggot (sbrm, tetanops myopaeformis von röder) is a major but poorly understood insect pest of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). the molecular mechanisms underlying plant defense responses are well documented, however, little information is available about complementary mechanisms for insect adaptive responses to overcome host resistance. to date, no studies have been published on sbrm gene expression profiling. suppressive subtractive hybridization (ssh) generated more than 300 sbr ...201627696738
the water to solute permeability ratio governs the osmotic volume dynamics in beetroot vacuoles.plant cell vacuoles occupy up to 90% of the cell volume and, beyond their physiological function, are constantly subjected to water and solute exchange. the osmotic flow and vacuole volume dynamics relies on the vacuole membrane -the tonoplast- and its capacity to regulate its permeability to both water and solutes. the osmotic permeability coefficient (pf ) is the parameter that better characterizes the water transport when submitted to an osmotic gradient. usually, pf determinations are made i ...201627695468
skeletal deformities associated with nutritional congenital rickets in newborn lambs.a group of 545 pregnant rising 2-year-old coopdale ewes on a southland sheep farm were grazed over winter on a fodder beet (beta vulgaris) crop. subsequently, 45 out of approximately 750 lambs were born with a variety of skeletal deformities, including shortened limbs, varus and valgus angular limb deformities, palmar grade stance and cranial bowing of the carpus. analysis of the crop showed the fodder beet contained a low percentage of phosphorus. in addition, 60 out of 460 rising 2-year-old ew ...201727691906
in vitro β-carotene bioaccessibility and lipid digestion in emulsions: influence of pectin type and degree of methyl-esterification.citrus pectin (cp) and sugar beet pectin (sbp) were demethoxylated and fully characterized in terms of pectin properties in order to investigate the influence of the pectin degree of methyl-esterification (dm) and the pectin type on the in vitro β-carotene bioaccessibility and lipid digestion in emulsions. for the cp based emulsions containing β-carotene enriched oil, water and pectin, the β-carotene bioaccessibility, and lipid digestion were higher in the emulsions with pectin with a higher dm ...201627680678
description of a novel monopartite geminivirus and its defective subviral genome in grapevine.a novel virus was detected in grapevines by illumina sequencing during the screening of two table grape (vitis vinifera) accessions, cultivars black beet and nagano purple, from south korea. the monopartite circular ssdna genome sequence was subsequently confirmed by rolling cycle amplification, cloning and sanger sequencing. the complete viral genomic sequence from both accessions ranged from 2,903 to 2,907 nucleotides in length and contained the conserved nonanucleotide sequence taatatt↓ac and ...201727670772
bacillus amyloliquefaciens sb14 from rhizosphere alleviates rhizoctonia damping-off disease on sugar beet.the use of biocontrol strains recently has become a popular alternative to conventional chemical treatments. a set of bacteria isolated from sugar beet rhizosphere and from roots and shoots of apple and walnut were evaluated for their potential to control sugar beet seedling damping-off caused by r. solani ag-4 and ag2-2.the results of in vitro assays concluded that three isolates, sb6, sb14, sb15, obtained from rhizosphere of sugar beet and five isolates, ap2, ap4, ap6, ap7, ap8, obtained from ...201627664740
understanding leaf membrane protein extraction to develop a food-grade process.leaf membrane proteins are an underutilised protein fraction for food applications. proteins from leaves can contribute to a more complete use of resources and help to meet the increasing protein demand. leaf protein extraction and purification is applied by other disciplines, such as proteomics. therefore, this study analysed proteomic extraction methods for membrane proteins as an inspiration for a food-grade alternative process. sugar beet leaves were extracted with two proteomic protocols: s ...201727664631
simple and robust methods for remote sensing of canopy chlorophyll content: a comparative analysis of hyperspectral data for different types of vegetation.canopy chlorophyll content (ccc) is an essential ecophysiological variable for photosynthetic functioning. remote sensing of ccc is vital for a wide range of ecological and agricultural applications. the objectives of this study were to explore simple and robust algorithms for spectral assessment of ccc. hyperspectral datasets for six vegetation types (rice, wheat, corn, soybean, sugar beet and natural grass) acquired in four locations (japan, france, italy and usa) were analysed. to explore the ...201627650474
characterization of chemically and thermally treated oil-in-water heteroaggregates and comparison to conventional emulsions.heteroaggregated oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions formed by targeted combination of oppositely charged emulsion droplets were proposed to be used for the modulation of physical properties of food systems, ideally achieving the formation of a particulate 3-dimensional network at comparably low-fat content. in this study, rheological properties of quillaja saponins (qs), sugar beet pectin (sbp), and whey protein isolate (wpi) stabilized conventional and heteroaggregated o/w emulsions at oil contents o ...201627636707
genetic diversity and physiological performance of portuguese wild beet (beta vulgaris spp. maritima) from three contrasting habitats.the establishment of stress resilient sugar beets (beta vulgaris spp. vulgaris) is an important breeding goal since this cash crop is susceptible to drought and salinity. the genetic diversity in cultivated sugar beets is low and the beet wild relatives are useful genetic resources for tolerance traits. three wild beet populations (beta vulgaris spp. maritima) from contrasting environments, vaiamonte (vmt, dry inland hill), comporta (cmp, marsh) and oeiras (oei, coastland), and one commercial su ...201627630646
next-generation sequencing and genome editing in plant virology.next-generation sequencing (ngs) has been applied to plant virology since 2009. ngs provides highly efficient, rapid, low cost dna, or rna high-throughput sequencing of the genomes of plant viruses and viroids and of the specific small rnas generated during the infection process. these small rnas, which cover frequently the whole genome of the infectious agent, are 21-24 nt long and are known as vsrnas for viruses and vd-srnas for viroids. ngs has been used in a number of studies in plant virolo ...201627617007
fungal planet description sheets: 400-468.novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from australia: vermiculariopsiella eucalypti, mulderomyces natalis (incl. mulderomyces gen. nov.), fusicladium paraamoenum, neotrimmatostroma paraexcentricum, and pseudophloeospora eucalyptorum on leaves of eucalyptus spp., anungitea grevilleae (on leaves of grevillea sp.), pyrenochaeta acaciae (on leaves of acacia sp.), and brunneocarpos banksiae (incl. brunneocarpos gen. nov.) on cones of banksia attenuata. novel foli ...201627616795
temporal sampling helps unravel the genetic structure of naturally occurring populations of a phytoparasitic nematode. 2. separating the relative effects of gene flow and genetic drift.studying wild pathogen populations in natural ecosystems offers the opportunity to better understand the evolutionary dynamics of biotic diseases in crops and to enhance pest control strategies. we used simulations and genetic markers to investigate the spatial and temporal population genetic structure of wild populations of the beet cyst nematode heterodera schachtii on a wild host plant species, the sea beet (beta vulgaris spp. maritima), the wild ancestor of cultivated beets. our analysis of ...201627606008
the effect of dietary nitrate supplementation on endurance exercise performance in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.recent research into the use of dietary nitrates and their role in vascular function has led to it becoming progressively more popular amongst athletes attempting to enhance performance.201727600147
starch-based bio-elastomers functionalized with red beetroot natural antioxidant.red beetroot (rb) powder was incorporated into starch-based bio-elastomers to obtain flexible biocomposites with tunable antioxidant properties. starch granules within the bio-elastomers affected the release of the antioxidant molecule betanin in the rb powder. the bio-elastomers were hydrophobic and resisted dissolution in water, hence the release of betanin was due to diffusion rather than polymer matrix disintegration. hydrophobicity was maintained even after water immersion. released betanin ...201727596427
shredded beet pulp substituted for corn silage in diets fed to dairy cows under ambient heat stress: feed intake, total-tract digestibility, plasma metabolites, and milk production.the effects of substituting increasing concentrations of dried, shredded beet pulp for corn silage on dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, and milk production of lactating dairy cows was evaluated under conditions of ambient heat stress. four multiparous (126±13d in milk) and 4 primiparous (121±11d in milk) holstein cows were used in a 4×4 latin square design experiment with 4 periods of 21d. each period had 14d of adaptation and 7d of sampling, and p ...201627592434
molecular characterization of a lysozyme gene and its altered expression profile in crowded beet webworm (loxostege sticticalis).there is growing evidence that insects living in high-density populations exhibit an increase in immune function to counter a higher risk of disease. this phenomenon, known as density-dependent prophylaxis, has been experimentally tested in a number of insect species. although density-dependent prophylaxis is especially prevalent in insects exhibiting density-dependent phase polyphenism, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. our previous study demonstrated that the antibacterial activity of l ...201627575006
all that glitters is not ramularia.ramularia is a species-rich genus that harbours plant pathogens responsible for yield losses to many important crops, including barley, sugar beet and strawberry. species of ramularia are hyphomycetes with hyaline conidiophores and conidia with distinct, thickened, darkened, refractive conidiogenous loci and conidial hila, and mycosphaerella sexual morphs. because of its simple morphology and general lack of dna data in public databases, several allied genera are frequently confused with ramular ...201627570325
feruloyl esterases from schizophyllum commune to treat food industry side-streams.agro-industrial side-streams are abundant and renewable resources of hydroxycinnamic acids with potential applications as antioxidants and preservatives in the food, health, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. feruloyl esterases (faes) from schizophyllum commune were functionally expressed in pichia pastoris with extracellular activities of 6000ul(-1). the recombinant enzymes, scfaed1 and scfaed2, released ferulic acid from destarched wheat bran and sugar beet pectin. overnight incubation o ...201627566510
beet root juice protects against doxorubicin toxicity in cardiomyocytes while enhancing apoptosis in breast cancer cells.doxorubicin (dox, adriamycin) is a broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic drug used to treat a variety of cancers, although its clinical use is restricted by irreversible cardiotoxicity. earlier studies show that beet root juice (brj), a natural and safe herbal product with high levels of nitrate and antioxidants, is a potent chemopreventive agent; however, its cardioprotective function is yet to be established. the goal of this study was to determine the protective effect of brj against dox-induced ca ...201627565811
recent trends in bioethanol production from food processing byproducts.the widespread use of corn starch and sugarcane as sources of sugar for the production of ethanol via fermentation may negatively impact the use of farmland for production of food. thus, alternative sources of fermentable sugars, particularly from lignocellulosic sources, have been extensively investigated. another source of fermentable sugars with substantial potential for ethanol production is the waste from the food growing and processing industry. reviewed here is the use of waste from potat ...201627565674
comparison of spinach sex chromosomes with sugar beet autosomes reveals extensive synteny and low recombination at the male-determining locus.spinach (spinacia oleracea, 2n = 12) and sugar beet (beta vulgaris, 2n = 18) are important crop members of the family chenopodiaceae ss sugar beet has a basic chromosome number of 9 and a cosexual breeding system, as do most members of the chenopodiaceae ss. family. by contrast, spinach has a basic chromosome number of 6 and, although certain cultivars and genotypes produce monoecious plants, is considered to be a dioecious species. the loci determining male and monoecious sexual expression were ...201627563071
amyloodinum ocellatum in dicentrarchus labrax: study of infection in salt water and freshwater aquaponics.this investigation is aimed to improve the knowledge on the physiological alterations occurring at morphological and molecular level in european sea bass naturally infected by a. ocellatum and reared at different salinities. european sea bass juveniles (dicentrarchus labrax) weighing 20 ± 0.5 g were divided in three aquaponics systems: ctrl, reared at 20 ppt salinity; afi, reared in freshwater (0 ppt) and infected with the dinoflagellate amyloodinium ocellatum; asi, reared at 20 ppt salinity and ...201627542617
betalain rich functional extract with reduced salts and nitrate content from red beetroot (beta vulgaris l.) using membrane separation technology.an initial laboratory-scale evaluation of separation characteristics of membranes with nominal molecular weight cut-offs (nmwco) ranging from 30kd down to 0.5kd indicated effective separation of betalains in the 0.5kd region. subsequent pilot-level trials using 1kd, loose reverse osmosis (lro) and reverse osmosis (ro) spiral-wound membranes showed lro membrane to be very efficient with up to 96% salt and 47% other dissolved solids removed while retaining majority of the pigment (∼98%) in the bet ...201727542480
identification of 8-o-4/8-5(cyclic)- and 8-8(cyclic)/5-5-coupled dehydrotriferulic acids, naturally occurring in cell walls of mono- and dicotyledonous plants.besides ferulate dimers, higher oligomers of ferulic acid such as trimers and tetramers were previously demonstrated to occur in plant cell walls. this paper reports the identification of two new triferulic acids. 8-o-4/8-5(cyclic)-triferulic acid was synthesized from ethyl ferulate under oxidative conditions using copper(ii)-tetramethylethylenediamine [cucl(oh)-tmeda] as a catalyst, whereas 8-8(cyclic)/5-5-triferulic acid was isolated (preparative size exclusion chromatography, reversed-phase h ...201627540862
messages from the other side: parasites receive damage cues from their host plants.as sessile organisms, plants rely on their environment for cues indicating imminent herbivory. these cues can originate from tissues on the same plant or from different individuals. since parasitic plants form vascular connections with their host, parasites have the potential to receive cues from hosts that allow them to adjust defenses against future herbivory. however, the role of plant communication between hosts and parasites for herbivore defense remains poorly investigated. here, we examin ...201627539588
the introduction of the fungal d-galacturonate pathway enables the consumption of d-galacturonic acid by saccharomyces cerevisiae.pectin-rich wastes, such as citrus pulp and sugar beet pulp, are produced in considerable amounts by the juice and sugar industry and could be used as raw materials for biorefineries. one possible process in such biorefineries is the hydrolysis of these wastes and the subsequent production of ethanol. however, the ethanol-producing organism of choice, saccharomyces cerevisiae, is not able to catabolize d-galacturonic acid, which represents a considerable amount of the sugars in the hydrolysate, ...201627538689
leaching of the neonicotinoids thiamethoxam and imidacloprid from sugar beet seed dressings to subsurface tile drains.pesticide transport from seed dressings toward subsurface tile drains is still poorly understood. we monitored the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam from sugar beet seed dressings in flow-proportional drainage water samples, together with spray applications of bromide and the herbicide s-metolachlor in spring and the fungicides epoxiconazole and kresoxim-methyl in summer. event-driven, high first concentration maxima up to 2830 and 1290 ng/l for thiamethoxam and imidaclopr ...201627529118
native prussian carp (carassius gibelio) health status, biochemical and histological responses to treated wastewaters.the aim of this study was to assess the impact of treated wastewaters on native wild prussian carp inhabiting effluent-receiving waters (erc) receiving municipal and sugar plant treated wastewaters, further downstream waters (dw), and a detached canal unaffected by the wwtp activities. to that end, general fish health status was determined, including plasma biochemical, haematological, oxidative stress and tissue histopathological indices, over three seasons. the greatest tissue alterations were ...201627524256
identification and functional characterization of an epsilon glutathione s-transferase from the beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua). 201627521917
sugar beet factory lime affects the mobilization of cd, co, cr, cu, mo, ni, pb, and zn under dynamic redox conditions in a contaminated floodplain soil.the impact of sugar beet factory lime (sbfl) on the release dynamics and mobilization of toxic metals (tms) under dynamic redox conditions in floodplain soils has not been studied up to date. therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the scientific hypothesis that sbfl is able to immobilize cd, co, cr, cu, fe, mn, mo, ni, pb, and zn under different redox potentials (eh) in a contaminated floodplain soil. for this purpose, the non-treated contaminated soil (cs) and the same soil treated with ...201727499501
dietary beet pulp decreases taurine status in dogs fed low protein diet.it is known that large dogs who are fed lamb and rice diets are at increased risk to develop taurine-deficiency-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. since dogs obligatorily conjugate bile acids (ba) with taurine, we determined whether rice bran (rb) or other fibers (cellulose; cl, beet pulp; bp) would affect ba excretion and/or the taurine status of dogs.201627489723
integrated expanded granular sludge bed and sequential batch reactor treating beet sugar industrial wastewater and recovering bioenergy.the exponential rise in energy demand vis-à-vis depletion of mineral oil resources has accelerated recovery of bioenergy from organic waste. in this study, a laboratory-scale anaerobic (an)/aerobic (ar) system comprising of expanded granular sludge bed (egsb) reactor coupled to an aerobic sequential batch reactor (sbr) was constructed to treat beet sugar industrial wastewater (bsiw) of chemical oxygen demand (cod) 1665 mg l(-1) while harnessing methane gas. the egsb reactor generated methane at ...201627488718
penicillium subrubescens is a promising alternative for aspergillus niger in enzymatic plant biomass saccharification.in industrial applications, efficient mixtures of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes are needed to convert plant biomass into fermentable sugars. most of the commercially produced lignocellulolytic enzymes are from a limited number of filamentous fungi, such as trichoderma and aspergillus species. in contrast, the plant biomass-degrading capacity of penicillia has been less explored. we performed growth profiling of several penicillia on diverse plant biomass-related substrates demonstrating the c ...201627469436
review of beet pseudoyellows virus genome structure built the consensus genome organization of cucumber strains and highlighted the unique feature of strawberry strain.the complete nucleotide sequences of beet pseudoyellows virus (bpyv)-mi (cucumber isolate; matsuyama, idai) genomic rnas 1 and 2 were determined and compared with the previously sequenced japanese cucumber strain (bpyv-jc) and a strawberry strain (bpyv-s). the rna 2 of bpyv-mi showed 99 % nucleotide sequence identity with both bpyv-jc and -s having highly conserved eight orfs. in contrast, the rna1 of bpyv-mi showed sequence identities of 98 and 86 % with bpyv-jc and -s, respectively. phylogenet ...201627459886
ozonation as an effective way to stabilize new kinds of fermentation media used in biotechnological production of liquid fuel additives.intermediates from processing sugar beets are considered an attractive feedstock for ethanol fermentation due to their high fermentable sugar content. in particular, medium prepared from raw sugar beet juice seems to be suitable for use in fermentation processes, but it is microbiologically unstable and requires sterilization.201627453725
modulation of dendritic-epithelial cell responses against sphingomonas paucimobilis by dietary fibers.non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli, such as sphingomonas paucimobilis (s.paucimobilis), are among the most widespread causes of nosocomial infections. up to now, no definitive guidelines exist for antimicrobial therapy for s. paucimobilis infections. as we have shown that some dietary fibers exhibit pronounced immune-regulatory properties, we hypothesized that specific immune active dietary fibers might modulate the responses against s. paucimobilis. we studied the immunomodulatory effects of ...201627452116
the fungal endophyte chaetomium globosum negatively affects both above- and belowground herbivores in cotton.mutualistic plant-endophyte symbioses can benefit plants by increasing host fitness through reductions in herbivory. the fungus, chaetomium globosum strain tamu 520, was previously isolated as an endophyte from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and can be re-inoculated to systemically colonize cotton plants via seed treatment. we evaluated the potential impacts of the endophyte in cotton on plant parasitic nematodes belowground, along with piercing-sucking and chewing insects aboveground. endophytic c ...201627451418
omics technologies and applications in sugar beet.sugar beet is a species of the chenopodiaceae family. it is an important sugar crop that supplies approximately 35% of the sugar in the world. sugar beet m14 line is a unique germplasm that contains genetic materials from beta vulgaris l. and beta corolliflora zoss. and exhibits tolerance to salt stress. in this review, we have summarized omics technologies and applications in sugar beet including m14 for identification of novel genes, proteins related to biotic and abiotic stresses, apomixes an ...201627446130
utilization of vinasses as soil amendment: consequences and perspectives.vinasses are a residual liquid generated after the production of beverages, such as mezcal and tequila, from agave (agave l.), sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) or sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). these effluents have specific characteristics such as an acidic ph (from 3.9 to 5.1), a high chemical oxygen demand (50,000-95,000 mg l(-1)) and biological oxygen demand content (18,900-78,300 mg l(-1)), a high total solids content (79,000 and 37,500 mg l(-1)), high total volatile solids 79,000 and 82 ...201627441131
ultrastructural and developmental toxicity of potato and tomato leaf extracts to beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae).beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua is a herbivorous moth and a serious pest of many economically important plants, which are used as food sources. because of rigorous standards of food quality, usage of synthetic insecticides in crop protection, against pests, is limited. solanaceae plant extracts may be a relatively cheap source of efficient natural insecticides that can limit usage of synthetic substances. their biological activity is not fully known. in particular, ultrastructural studies, usin ...201627440448
"noisy beets": impact of phenotyping errors on genomic predictions for binary traits in beta vulgaris.noise (errors) in scientific data is endemic and may have a detrimental effect on statistical analyses and experimental results. the effects of noisy data have been assessed in genome-wide association studies for case-control experiments in human medicine. little is known, however, on the impact of noisy data on genomic predictions, a widely used statistical application in plant and animal breeding.201627437026
transcriptome analysis in the beet webworm, spoladea recurvalis (lepidoptera: crambidae).the beet webworm, spoladea recurvalis fabricius, is a destructive pest on vegetable crops in tropics and subtropics; its main host plant is amaranth. it has become imperative to develop non-chemical methods to control s. recurvalis on amaranth. however, the lack of molecular information about this species has hindered the development of novel pest management strategies. in this study, high-throughput rna sequencing covering de novo sequence assemblies, functional annotation of transcripts, gene ...201627433928
identification of saponins from sugar beet (beta vulgaris) by low and high-resolution hplc-ms/ms.we profiled triterpene saponins from the roots of sugar beet beta vulgaris l. cultivars huzar and boryna using reversed-phase liquid chromatography combined with negative-ion electrospray ionization quadrupole mass spectrometry. we tentatively identified 26 triterpene saponins, including 17 that had not been detected previously in this plant species and 7 saponins that were tentatively identified as new compounds. all observed compounds were glycosides of five different aglycones, of which gypso ...201627423042
deciphering the biology of deltasatellites from the new world: maintenance by new world begomoviruses and whitefly transmission.deltasatellites are small noncoding dna satellites associated with begomoviruses. the study presented here has investigated the biology of two deltasatellites found in wild malvaceous plants in the new world (nw). infectious clones of two nw deltasatellites (from malvastrum coromandelianum and sidastrum micranthum) and associated begomoviruses were constructed. infectivity in nicotiana benthamiana and their natural malvaceous hosts was assessed. the nw deltasatellites were not able to spread aut ...201627400152
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