Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| interim estimates of 2016/17 vaccine effectiveness against influenza a(h3n2), canada, january 2017. | using a test-negative design, the canadian sentinel practitioner surveillance network (spsn) assessed interim 2016/17 influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve) against dominant influenza a(h3n2) viruses considered antigenically matched to the clade 3c.2a vaccine strain. sequence analysis revealed substantial heterogeneity in emerging 3c.2a1 variants by province and over time. adjusted ve was 42% (95% confidence interval: 18-59%) overall, with variation by province. interim virological and ve findings ... | 2017 | 28205503 |
| selection of multi-drug resistant influenza a and b viruses under zanamivir pressure and their replication fitness in ferrets. | intravenous zanamivir has been used to treat patients with severe influenza. because the majority of cases (including immunocompromised patients) require the drug for an extended period of treatment, there is a higher risk that the virus will develop resistance. therefore, knowing the possible amino acid substitutions that may arise in recently circulating influenza strains under prolonged zanamivir exposure and their impact on antiviral susceptibility is important. | 2017 | 28195559 |
| suppressor of cytokine signaling (socs)5 ameliorates influenza infection via inhibition of egfr signaling. | influenza virus infections have a significant impact on global human health. individuals with suppressed immunity, or suffering from chronic inflammatory conditions such as copd, are particularly susceptible to influenza. here we show that suppressor of cytokine signaling (socs) five has a pivotal role in restricting influenza a virus in the airway epithelium, through the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr). socs5-deficient mice exhibit heightened disease severity, with increas ... | 2017 | 28195529 |
| defining the antibody cross-reactome directed against the influenza virus surface glycoproteins. | infection with influenza virus induces antibodies to the viral surface glycoproteins hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, and these responses can be broadly protective. to assess the breadth and magnitude of antibody responses, we sequentially infected mice, guinea pigs and ferrets with divergent h1n1 or h3n2 subtypes of influenza virus. we measured antibody responses by elisa of an extensive panel of recombinant glycoproteins representing the viral diversity in nature. guinea pigs developed high ti ... | 2017 | 28192418 |
| effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccination in community-dwelling elderly people: an individual participant data meta-analysis of test-negative design case-control studies. | several aggregate data meta-analyses have provided estimates of the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in community-dwelling elderly people. however, these studies ignored the effects of patient-level confounders such as sex, age, and chronic diseases that could bias effectiveness estimates. we aimed to assess the confounder-adjusted effectiveness of influenza vaccines on laboratory-confirmed influenza among elderly people by conducting a global individual participant data meta-analysis. | 2017 | 28189522 |
| complete genome sequence of a novel influenza a h1n2 virus circulating in swine from central bajio region, mexico. | the aim of this study was to perform the complete genome sequence of a swine influenza a h1n2 virus strain isolated from a pig in guanajuato, méxico (a/swine/mexico/gtodmzc01/2014) and to report its seroprevalence in 86 counties at the central bajio zone. to understand the evolutionary dynamics of the isolate, we undertook a phylogenetic analysis of the eight gene segments. these data revealed that the isolated virus is a reassortant h1n2 subtype, as its genes are derived from human (ha, np, pa) ... | 2017 | 28181421 |
| circulation of antibodies against influenza virus hemagglutinins in the 2014/2015 epidemic season in poland. | the aim of this study was to determine the level of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies in the serum of people in different age-groups during the 2014/2015 epidemic influenza season in poland. a total of 1050 sera were tested. the level of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies was determined using the hemagglutinin inhibition test. the results provided information on the incidence of circulating a/california/7/2009(h1n1)pdm09, a/texas/50/2012(h3n2), and b/massachusetts/2/2012 viruses. the level of antibodies ... | 2017 | 28181197 |
| co-infection with influenza viruses and influenza-like virus during the 2015/2016 epidemic season. | concerning viral infection of the respiratory system, a single virus can cause a variety of clinical symptoms and the same set of symptoms can be caused by different viruses. moreover, infection is often caused by a combination of viruses acting at the same time. the present study demonstrates, using multiplex rt-pcr and real-time qrt-pcr, that in the 2015/2016 influenza season, co-infections were confirmed in patients aged 1 month to 90 years. we found 73 co-infections involving influenza virus ... | 2017 | 28181195 |
| progesterone-based contraceptives reduce adaptive immune responses and protection against sequential influenza a virus infections. | in addition to their intended use, progesterone (p4)-based contraceptives promote anti-inflammatory immune responses, yet their effects on the outcome of infectious diseases, including influenza a virus (iav) infection, are rarely evaluated. to evaluate their impact on immune responses to sequential iav infections, adult female mice were treated with placebo or one of two progestins, p4 or levonorgestrel (lng), and infected with a mouse-adapted h1n1 (mah1n1) virus. treatment with p4 or lng reduc ... | 2017 | 28179523 |
| bayesian phylogeography of influenza a/h3n2 for the 2014-15 season in the united states using three frameworks of ancestral state reconstruction. | ancestral state reconstructions in bayesian phylogeography of virus pandemics have been improved by utilizing a bayesian stochastic search variable selection (bssvs) framework. recently, this framework has been extended to model the transition rate matrix between discrete states as a generalized linear model (glm) of genetic, geographic, demographic, and environmental predictors of interest to the virus and incorporating bssvs to estimate the posterior inclusion probabilities of each predictor. ... | 2017 | 28170397 |
| a live-attenuated influenza vaccine for h3n2 canine influenza virus. | canine influenza is a contagious respiratory disease in dogs caused by two subtypes (h3n2 and h3n8) of canine influenza virus (civ). currently, only inactivated influenza vaccines (iivs) are available for the prevention of civs. historically, live-attenuated influenza vaccines (laivs) have been shown to produce better immunogenicity and protection efficacy than iivs. here, we have engineered a civ h3n2 laiv by using the internal genes of a previously described civ h3n8 laiv as a master donor vir ... | 2017 | 28167384 |
| excess mortality associated with influenza after the 2009 h1n1 pandemic in a subtropical city in china, 2010-2015. | the aim of this study was to use a quasi-poisson regression model to estimate the mortality burden associated with influenza type/subtypes in a subtropical city in china, for the years 2010-2015. | 2017 | 28167255 |
| a universal computational model for predicting antigenic variants of influenza a virus based on conserved antigenic structures. | rapid determination of the antigenicity of influenza a virus could help identify the antigenic variants in time. currently, there is a lack of computational models for predicting antigenic variants of some common hemagglutinin (ha) subtypes of influenza a viruses. by means of sequence analysis, we demonstrate here that multiple ha subtypes of influenza a virus undergo similar mutation patterns of ha1 protein (the immunogenic part of ha). further analysis on the antigenic variation of influenza a ... | 2017 | 28165025 |
| the characteristics and antigenic properties of recently emerged subclade 3c.3a and 3c.2a human influenza a(h3n2) viruses passaged in mdck cells. | two new subclades of influenza a(h3n2) viruses became prominent during the 2014-2015 northern hemisphere influenza season. the ha glycoproteins of these viruses showed sequence changes previously associated with alterations in receptor-binding properties. to address how these changes influence virus propagation, viruses were isolated and propagated in conventional mdck cells and mdck-siat1 cells, cells with enhanced expression of the human receptor for the virus, and analysed at each passage. | 2017 | 28164446 |
| consensus m2e peptide conjugated to gold nanoparticles confers protection against h1n1, h3n2 and h5n1 influenza a viruses. | the extracellular domain of influenza a ion channel membrane matrix protein 2 (m2e) is considered to be a potential candidate to develop a universal influenza a vaccine. however poor immunogenicity of m2e presents a significant roadblock. we have developed a vaccine formulation comprising of the consensus m2e peptide conjugated to gold nanoparticles (aunps) with cpg as a soluble adjuvant (aunp-m2e + scpg). we demonstrate that intranasal delivery of aunp-m2e + scpg in mice induces lung b cell act ... | 2017 | 28161578 |
| molecular modeling and lead design of substituted zanamivir derivatives as potent anti-influenza drugs. | influenza virus spreads infection by two main surface glycoproteins, namely hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na). na cleaves the sialic acid receptors eventually releasing newly formed virus particles which then invade new cells. inhibition of na could limit the replication of virus to one round which is insufficient to cause the disease. | 2016 | 28155702 |
| respiratory viruses in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd) cause significant morbidity, mortality, and an inexorable decline of lung function. data from developed countries have shown viruses to be important causes of aecopd, but data from developing countries like india are scant. we set out to determine the contribution of viruses in the causation of hospitalized patients with aecopd. | 2017 | 28144057 |
| vaccination has minimal impact on the intrahost diversity of h3n2 influenza viruses. | while influenza virus diversity and antigenic drift have been well characterized on a global scale, the factors that influence the virus' rapid evolution within and between human hosts are less clear. given the modest effectiveness of seasonal vaccination, vaccine-induced antibody responses could serve as a potent selective pressure for novel influenza variants at the individual or community level. we used next generation sequencing of patient-derived viruses from a randomized, placebo-controlle ... | 2017 | 28141862 |
| antigenic and genetic characterization of influenza viruses circulating in bulgaria during the 2015/2016 season. | influenza virological surveillance is an essential tool for early detection of novel genetic variants of epidemiologic and clinical significance. the aim of this study was to determine the antigenic and molecular characteristics of influenza viruses circulating in bulgaria during the 2015/2016 season. the season was characterized by dominant circulation of a(h1n1)pdm09 viruses, accounting for 66% of detected influenza viruses, followed by b/victoria-lineage viruses (24%) and a(h3n2) viruses (10% ... | 2017 | 28132927 |
| microrna-146a induction during influenza h3n2 virus infection targets and regulates traf6 levels in human nasal epithelial cells (hnecs). | we have previously shown that human nasal epithelial cells (hnecs) are highly permissive cells for respiratory viruses including influenza a virus (iav) and respiratory syncytial virus. recent studies have indicated that micrornas (mirnas) are involved in virus-host relationship, and this led us to investigate its essential roles in the in vitro hnecs model derived from multiple donors. by comparing the differential expression of mirnas upon iav infection among animal and cell line studies, cand ... | 2017 | 28131813 |
| improving the selection and development of influenza vaccine viruses - report of a who informal consultation on improving influenza vaccine virus selection, hong kong sar, china, 18-20 november 2015. | since 2010 the who has held a series of informal consultations to explore ways of improving the currently highly complex and time-pressured influenza vaccine virus selection and development process. in november 2015 experts from around the world met to review the current status of efforts in this field. discussion topics included strengthening influenza surveillance activities to increase the availability of candidate vaccine viruses and improve the extent, timeliness and quality of surveillance ... | 2017 | 28131392 |
| one-pot reverse transcriptional loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) for detecting mers-cov. | due to the limitation of rapid development of specific antiviral drug or vaccine for novel emerging viruses, an accurate and rapid diagnosis is a key to manage the virus spread. we developed an efficient and rapid method with high specificity for the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov), based on one-pot reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (one-pot rt-lamp). a set of six lamp primers [f3, b3, fip, bip, lf (loop-f), and lb (loop-b)] were designed using ... | 2016 | 28119682 |
| rules of co-occurring mutations characterize the antigenic evolution of human influenza a/h3n2, a/h1n1 and b viruses. | the human influenza viruses undergo rapid evolution (especially in hemagglutinin (ha), a glycoprotein on the surface of the virus), which enables the virus population to constantly evade the human immune system. therefore, the vaccine has to be updated every year to stay effective. there is a need to characterize the evolution of influenza viruses for better selection of vaccine candidates and the prediction of pandemic strains. studies have shown that the influenza hemagglutinin evolution is dr ... | 2016 | 28117657 |
| mechanistic perspective of the oxido-immunopathologic resolution property of kolaviron in mice influenza pneumonitis. | implicated in influenza-associated pathology are innate defence overzealousness and unabated secretion of oxidative tissue-sensitive antimicrobial agents. at different time points, mice were pre-treated with kolaviron (400 mg/kg), a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, and subsequently challenged with 2 ld50 influenza a/h3n2/perth/16/09 virus. after euthanasia at day 6, blood, lungs, liver and spleen were collected and processed for biochemical, immunohistochemical and flow cytometri ... | 2017 | 28116826 |
| in vitro characterization of the novel h3n1 reassortant influenza viruses from quail. | quail is considered as an intermediate host for generation of the novel reassortant influenza a viruses (iavs). in this study, we evaluated the replication ability of the three novel h3n1 reassortant viruses recovered from pandemic h1n1 2009 (ph1n1) and duck h3n2 (dkh3n2) co-infected quail generated from our previous study in embryonated chicken eggs, mammalian (mdck) and human lung derived (a549) cells. our study demonstrated that all of the reassortant viruses replicated efficiently in avian a ... | 2017 | 28110788 |
| influenza a virus upregulates prpf8 gene expression to increase virus production. | a ddrt-pcr analysis was performed to detect cellular genes that are differentially expressed after influenza a virus (h1n1) infection of a549 cells. after ddrt-pcr, eight dna fragments were identified. prpf8, one of the cellular genes that were upregulated after virus infection, was further analyzed since it has previously been identified as a cellular factor required for influenza virus replication. the upregulation of prpf8 gene expression after viral infection was confirmed using real-time rt ... | 2017 | 28110426 |
| a multiplex rt-pcr assay for detection and differentiation of avian-origin canine h3n2, equine-origin h3n8, human-origin h3n2, and h1n1/2009 canine influenza viruses. | virological and serological surveys have documented that h1n1/2009, avian-origin canine h3n2 (ch3n2), seasonal human-origin h3n2 (hh3n2), and equine-origin h3n8 influenza viruses are consistently circulating in dogs. in the present study, a multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (mrt-pcr) assay was developed for simultaneous detection and differentiation of these influenza viruses. four primer sets were designed to target the hemagglutinin genes of h1n1/2009, ch3n2, hh3n2, and ... | 2017 | 28107507 |
| pathogenicity of modified bat influenza virus with different m genes and its reassortment potential with swine influenza a virus. | in our previous studies the reassortant virus containing only the pr8 h1n1 matrix (m) gene in the background of the modified bat influenza bat09:mh1mn1 virus could be generated. however, whether m genes from other origins can be rescued in the background of the bat09:mh1mn1 virus and whether the resulting novel reassortant virus is virulent remain unknown. herein, two reassortant viruses were generated in the background of the bat09:mh1mn1 virus containing either a north american or a eurasian s ... | 2017 | 28100299 |
| a virus-like particle vaccination strategy expands its tolerance to h3n2 antigenic drift by enhancing neutralizing antibodies against hemagglutinin stalk. | seasonal influenza viruses impact public health annually due to their continual evolution. however, the current inactivated seasonal vaccines provide poor protection against antigenically drifted viruses and require periodical reformulation through hit-and-miss predictions about which strains will circulate during the next season. to reduce the impact caused by vaccine mismatch, we investigated the drift-tolerance of virus-like particles (vlp) as an improved vaccine candidate. the cross-protecti ... | 2017 | 28093338 |
| radix isatidis polysaccharides inhibit influenza a virus and influenza a virus-induced inflammation via suppression of host tlr3 signaling in vitro. | influenza remains one of the major epidemic diseases worldwide, and rapid virus replication and collateral lung tissue damage caused by excessive pro-inflammatory host immune cell responses lead to high mortality rates. thus, novel therapeutic agents that control influenza a virus (iav) propagation and attenuate excessive pro-inflammatory responses are needed. polysaccharide extract from radix isatidis, a traditional chinese herbal medicine, exerted potent anti-iav activity against human seasona ... | 2017 | 28085062 |
| [differential diagnosis of the viral etiology of suspected mumps in a population with high vaccine coverage]. | in this study, buccal swabs from patients with the clinical picture of parotitis epidemica in whom mumps virus (mv) infection was not confirmed by direct detection or serologically were tested. the aim was to detect by molecular methods nucleic acids (nas) of other respiratory viruses possibly involved in salivary gland swelling. at the same time, paired sera, if available, were tested. | 2016 | 28078898 |
| detection of antigenic variants of subtype h3 swine influenza a viruses from clinical samples. | a large population of genetically and antigenically diverse influenza a viruses (iavs) are circulating among the swine population, playing an important role in influenza ecology. swine iavs not only cause outbreaks among swine but also can be transmitted to humans, causing sporadic infections and even pandemic outbreaks. antigenic characterizations of swine iavs are key to understanding the natural history of these viruses in swine and to selecting strains for effective vaccines. however, influe ... | 2017 | 28077698 |
| influenza vaccine effectiveness in the netherlands from 2003/2004 through 2013/2014: the importance of circulating influenza virus types and subtypes. | influenza vaccine effectiveness (ive) varies over different influenza seasons and virus (sub)types/lineages. to assess the association between ive and circulating influenza virus (sub)types/lineages, we estimated the overall and (sub)type specific ive in the netherlands. we conducted a test-negative case control study among subjects with influenza-like illness or acute respiratory tract infection consulting the sentinel practices over 11 influenza seasons (2003/2004 through 2013/2014) in the net ... | 2017 | 28068386 |
| chimeric virus-like particles containing influenza ha antigen and gpi-ccl28 induce long-lasting mucosal immunity against h3n2 viruses. | influenza virus is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, with worldwide seasonal epidemics. the duration and quality of humoral immunity and generation of immunological memory to vaccines is critical for protective immunity. in the current study, we examined the long-lasting protective efficacy of chimeric vlps (cvlps) containing influenza ha and gpi-anchored ccl28 as antigen and mucosal adjuvant, respectively, when immunized intranasally in mice. we report that the cvlps induced signi ... | 2017 | 28067290 |
| optimization of a quantitative micro-neutralization assay. | the micro-neutralization (mn) assay is a standard technique for measuring the infectivity of the influenza virus and the inhibition of virus replication. in this study, we present the protocol of an imaging-based mn assay to quantify the true antigenic relationships between viruses. unlike typical plaque reduction assays that rely on visible plaques, this assay quantitates the entire infected cell population of each well. the protocol matches the virus type or subtype with the selection of cell ... | 2016 | 28060291 |
| intranasal immunization using mannatide as a novel adjuvant for an inactivated influenza vaccine and its adjuvant effect compared with mf59. | intranasal vaccination is more potent than parenteral injection for the prevention of influenza. however, because the poor efficiency of antigen uptake across the nasal mucosa is a key issue, immunostimulatory adjuvants are essential for intranasal vaccines. the immunomodulator mannatide or polyactin (pa) has been used for the clinical treatment of impaired immunity in china, but its adjuvant effect on an inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine (itiv) via intranasal vaccination is unclear. to ex ... | 2017 | 28052136 |
| coherence of influenza surveillance data across different sources and age groups, beijing, china, 2008-2015. | influenza is active during the winter and spring in the city of beijing, which has a typical temperate climate with four clear distinct seasons. the clinical and laboratory surveillance data for influenza have been used to construct critical indicators for influenza activities in the community, and previous studies have reported varying degrees of association between laboratory-confirmed influenza specimens and outpatient consultation rates of influenza-like illness in subtropical cities. howeve ... | 2016 | 28036373 |
| frequency of influenza h3n2 intra-subtype reassortment: attributes and implications of reassortant spread. | increasing evidence suggests that influenza reassortment not only contributes to the emergence of new human pandemics but also plays an important role in seasonal influenza epidemics, disease severity, evolution, and vaccine efficacy. we studied this process within 2091 h3n2 full genomes utilizing a combination of the latest reassortment detection tools and more conventional phylogenetic analyses. | 2016 | 28034300 |
| connective tissue growth factor promotes pulmonary epithelial cell senescence and is associated with copd severity. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether expression of connective tissue growth factor (ctgf) protein in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is consistent in humans and animal models of copd and to investigate the role of this protein in lung epithelial cells. ctgf in lung epithelial cells of ex-smokers with copd was compared with ex-smokers without copd by immunofluorescence. a total of twenty c57bl/6 mice and sixteen non-human primates (nhps) were exposed to cigarette smoke ... | 2017 | 28026993 |
| recent h3n2 viruses have evolved specificity for extended, branched human-type receptors, conferring potential for increased avidity. | human and avian influenza viruses recognize different sialic acid-containing receptors, referred to as human-type (neuacα2-6gal) and avian-type (neuacα2-3gal), respectively. this presents a species barrier for aerosol droplet transmission of avian viruses in humans and ferrets. recent reports have suggested that current human h3n2 viruses no longer have strict specificity toward human-type receptors. using an influenza receptor glycan microarray with extended airway glycans, we find that h3n2 vi ... | 2017 | 28017661 |
| human seasonal influenza a viruses induce h7n9-cross-reactive antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) antibodies that are directed towards the nucleoprotein. | antibodies that mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) against avian influenza virus subtypes including h7n9 and h5n1 have been detected in human sera. there are limited data on the presence of such cross-reactive adcc mediating antibodies (adcc-abs) in children and the viral target(s) of these abs are poorly understood. using high-throughput nk cell activation and nk cytotoxicity assays, we compared adcc-abs in sera collected from healthy infants (≤1 year), children (2-17 years ... | 2016 | 28011910 |
| an intranasal proteosome-adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccine is safe, immunogenic & efficacious in the human viral influenza challenge model. serum igg & mucosal iga are important correlates of protection against illness associated with infection. | a proteosome-adjuvanted trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (p-tiv) administered intra-nasally was shown to be safe, well tolerated and immunogenic in both systemic and mucosal compartments, and effective at preventing illness associated with evidence of influenza infection. | 2016 | 28005959 |
| impact of influenza in the post-pandemic phase: clinical features in hospitalized patients with influenza a (h1n1) pdm09 and h3n2 viruses, during 2013 in santa fe, argentina. | it is important to characterize the clinical and epidemiological pattern of the influenza a (h1n1) pdm09 virus and compare it with influenza a (h3n2) virus, as surveyed in just a few studies, in order to contribute to the implementation and strengthening of influenza control and prevention strategies. the aims in this study were to describe influenza clinical and epidemiological characteristics in hospitalized patients, caused by influenza a (h1n1)pdm09 and influenza a (h3n2) viruses during 2013 ... | 2016 | 28004402 |
| detection of d151g/n mutations in the neuraminidase gene of influenza a (h3n2) viruses by real-time rt-pcr allelic discrimination assay. | single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) at d151 position of neuraminidase (na) gene of influenza a (h3n2) virus has been associated with drug resistance and increased binding affinity. na-d151g/n-substitutions of influenza a (h3n2) viruses are frequently induced and selected by culturing in madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cell lines. it is important to consider and exclude d151g/n mutants after isolation of influenza virus in mdck cell line; since, the substitutions can highly influence the resu ... | 2016 | 28004398 |
| ns1 protein amino acid changes d189n and v194i affect interferon responses, thermosensitivity, and virulence of circulating h3n2 human influenza a viruses. | influenza virus ns1 protein is a nonstructural, multifunctional protein that counteracts host innate immune responses, modulating virus pathogenesis. ns1 protein variability in subjects infected with h3n2 influenza a viruses (iavs) during the 2010/2011 season was analyzed, and amino acid changes in residues 86, 189, and 194 were found. the consequences of these mutations for the ns1-mediated inhibition of ifn responses and the pathogenesis of the virus were evaluated, showing that ns1 mutations ... | 2017 | 28003482 |
| structural basis of influenza virus fusion inhibition by the antiviral drug arbidol. | the broad-spectrum antiviral drug arbidol shows efficacy against influenza viruses by targeting the hemagglutinin (ha) fusion machinery. however, the structural basis of the mechanism underlying fusion inhibition by arbidol has remained obscure, thereby hindering its further development as a specific and optimized influenza therapeutic. we determined crystal structures of arbidol in complex with influenza virus ha from pandemic 1968 h3n2 and recent 2013 h7n9 viruses. arbidol binds in a hydrophob ... | 2017 | 28003465 |
| evaluation of a candidate live attenuated influenza vaccine prepared in changchun bcht (china) for safety and efficacy in ferrets. | we evaluated the safety and efficacy of a live attenuated influenza vaccine (laiv) product in ferrets. the bcht laiv product was significantly less virulent than wild-type h1n1 virus, when evaluated by comparing virus shedding and histopathologic lesions. the data indicated strong evidence for an attenuated phenotype of laiv. furthermore, the vaccine induced robust humoral immune responses in seronegative ferrets, and protected ferrets against development of fever, weight loss and turbinate infl ... | 2016 | 27997342 |
| simultaneous detection of influenza a subtypes of h3n2 virus, pandemic (h1n1) 2009 virus and reassortant avian h7n9 virus in humans by multiplex one-step real-time rt-pcr assay. | influenza a virus is a leading causative pathogen of human acute respiratory infection. recently, the co-circulation of pandemic (h1n1) 2009 and seasonal h3n2 viruses was reported, and sporadic cases with reassortant avian h7n9 virus are continually reported in china. we aimed to establish a multiplex one-step real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rrt-pcr) assay to simultaneously detect and discriminate flua subtypes, including human seasonal h3n2 virus, pandemic (h1n1) 2009 ... | 2016 | 27995031 |
| national influenza surveillance in the philippines from 2006 to 2012: seasonality and circulating strains. | the results of routine influenza surveillance in 13 regions in the philippines from 2006 to 2012 are presented, describing the annual seasonal epidemics of confirmed influenza virus infection, seasonal and alert thresholds, epidemic curve, and circulating influenza strains. | 2016 | 27993136 |
| whole-genome characterization of a novel human influenza a(h1n2) virus variant, brazil. | we report the characterization of a novel reassortant influenza a(h1n2) virus not previously reported in humans. recovered from a a pig farm worker in southeast brazil who had influenza-like illness, this virus is a triple reassortant containing gene segments from subtypes h1n2 (hemagglutinin), h3n2 (neuraminidase), and pandemic h1n1 (remaining genes). | 2017 | 27983507 |
| alternative progenitor lineages regenerate the adult lung depleted of alveolar epithelial type 2 cells. | an aberrant oxygen environment at birth increases the severity of respiratory viral infections later in life through poorly understood mechanisms. here, we show that alveolar epithelial cell (aec) 2 cells (aec2s), progenitors for aec1 cells, are depleted in adult mice exposed to neonatal hypoxia or hyperoxia. airway cells expressing surfactant protein (sp)-c and atp binding cassette subfamily a member 3, alveolar pod cells expressing keratin (krt) 5, and pulmonary fibrosis were observed when the ... | 2017 | 27967234 |
| combinations of 1,8-cineol and oseltamivir for the treatment of influenza virus a (h3n2) infection in mice. | it is need for development of new means against influenza virus due to the lack of efficacy of available therapeutic strategies. in previous research, 1,8-cineol exert its inhibition of nuclear factor (nf)-κb, the main regulator of cytokine and chemokine production in influenza, and anti-inflammatory activity. these fact supports and helps establish the hypothesis that 1,8-cineol may have synergism with an antiviral on influenza virus infection. the combined effect of 1,8-cineol with oseltamivir ... | 2016 | 27966790 |
| in vitro anti-viral activity of psoraleae semen water extract against influenza a viruses. | influenza causes respiratory infections and poses health risks to humans and animals; its effects are complicated by increasing resistance to existing anti-influenza viral agents. therefore, novel therapeutic approaches against influenza virus infection are required. psoraleae semen has been widely used in traditional medicine in korea, taiwan, china, and japan for treating and preventing various diseases. in this study, we examined the anti-viral activities and mechanism of action of the water ... | 2016 | 27965579 |
| incidence of medically attended influenza among residents of shai-osudoku and ningo-prampram districts, ghana, may 2013 - april 2015. | influenza vaccination is recommended by the world health organization for high risk groups, yet few data exist on influenza disease burden in west africa. | 2016 | 27964716 |
| epidemiological and virological characteristics of influenza in chongqing, china, 2011-2015. | chongqing is the largest municipality and located in southwestern of china, with over 30 million registered inhabitants. there are few reports regarding the epidemiology of influenza in chongqing. the objective of the paper is to explore the epidemiology of influenza in chongqing, in order to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. | 2016 | 27936139 |
| generation and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies specific to avian influenza h7n9 haemagglutinin protein. | emerging virulent strains of influenza virus pose a serious public health threat with potential pandemic consequences. a novel avian influenza virus, h7n9, breached the species barrier from infected domestic poultry to humans in 2013 in china. since then, it has caused numerous infections in humans with a close contact to poultry. | 2017 | 27934828 |
| influenza not mers cov among returning hajj and umrah pilgrims with respiratory illness, kashmir, north india, 2014-15. | the increasing reports of middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) caused by mers coronavirus (mers-cov) from many countries emphasize its importance for international travel. muslim pilgrimages of hajj and umrah involve mass gatherings of international travellers. we set out to assess the presence of influenza and mers-cov in hajj/umrah returnees with acute respiratory infection. . | 2017 | 27932291 |
| temperature-sensitive live-attenuated canine influenza virus h3n8 vaccine. | canine influenza is a respiratory disease of dogs caused by canine influenza virus (civ). civ subtypes responsible for influenza in dogs include h3n8, which originated from the transfer of h3n8 equine influenza virus to dogs; and the h3n2 civ, which is an avian-origin virus that adapted to infect dogs. influenza infections are most effectively prevented through vaccination to reduce transmission and future infection. currently, only inactivated influenza vaccines (iivs) are available for the pre ... | 2017 | 27928017 |
| reassortment between swine h3n2 and 2009 pandemic h1n1 in the united states resulted in influenza a viruses with diverse genetic constellations with variable virulence in pigs. | repeated spillovers of the h1n1 pandemic virus (h1n1pdm09) from humans to pigs resulted in substantial evolution of influenza a viruses infecting swine, contributing to the genetic and antigenic diversity of influenza a viruses (iav) currently circulating in swine. the reassortment with endemic swine viruses and maintenance of some of the h1n1pdm09 internal genes resulted in the circulation of different genomic constellations in pigs. here, we performed a whole-genome phylogenetic analysis of 36 ... | 2017 | 27928015 |
| activity of ergoferon against lethal influenza a (h3n2) virus infection in mice. | the influenza a virus accounts for serious annual viral upper respiratory tract infections. it is constantly able to modify its antigenic structure, thus evading host defence mechanisms. moreover, currently available anti-influenza agents have a rather limited application, emphasizing the further need for new effective treatments. one of them is ergoferon, a drug containing combined polyclonal antibodies - anti-interferon gamma, anti-cd4 receptor and anti-histamine - in released-active form. the ... | 2016 | 27924780 |
| influenza a virus vaccines for swine. | economic losses due to influenza a virus (iav) infections are substantial and a global problem, ranking among the top three major health challenges in the swine industry. currently, h1 and h3 subtypes circulate in pigs globally associated with different combinations of n1 and n2 subtypes; however, the origin, gene constellation, and antigenic makeup of iav vary greatly on different continents. vaccination is one means of mitigating the effects of iav disease, and vaccines are most effective if t ... | 2016 | 27923501 |
| effect of seasonal vaccination on the selection of influenza a/h3n2 epidemic variants. | the effect of vaccination on the dynamics of influenza virus variants remains largely unknown in humans, unlike in poultry. in this study, we compared influenza hemagglutinin (ha) gene sequences isolated from vaccinated and unvaccinated populations with the yearly vaccine strains. in total, 181 influenza a/h3n2 virus samples isolated from 82 vaccinated and 99 unvaccinated patients (2011-15, four japanese influenza seasons) were genetically analyzed using a next-generation sequencer. amino acid ( ... | 2017 | 27919631 |
| performance evaluation of allplex respiratory panels 1, 2, and 3 for detection of respiratory viruses and influenza a virus subtypes. | the allplex respiratory panels 1, 2, and 3 (allplex) comprise a one-step real-time reverse transcription-pcr assay for the detection of respiratory viruses (rvs) and influenza a subtypes based on multiple detection temperature (mudt) technology. the performance of the allplex assay was compared with those of the advansure rv real-time pcr kit (advansure) and the powerchek pandemic h1n1/h3n2/h5n1 real-time pcr kit (powerchek) using 417 clinical respiratory specimens. in comparison with the advans ... | 2017 | 27903601 |
| establishment of memory cd8+ t cells with live attenuated influenza virus across different vaccination doses. | flumist has been used in children and adults for more than 10 years. as pre-existing cd8+ t cell memory pools can provide heterologous immunity against distinct influenza viruses, it is important to understand influenza-specific cd8+ t cell responses elicited by different live attenuated influenza virus (laiv) regimens. in this study, we immunized mice intranasally with two different doses of live-attenuated pr8 virus (pr8 ts, h1n1), low and high, and then assessed protective efficacy by challen ... | 2016 | 27902386 |
| virospot microneutralization assay for antigenic characterization of human influenza viruses. | the hemagglutination inhibition (hi) assay has been used for the antigenic characterization of influenza viruses for decades. however, the majority of recent seasonal influenza a viruses of the h3n2 subtype has lost the capacity to agglutinate erythrocytes of various species. the hemagglutination (ha) activity of other a(h3n2) strains is generally sensitive to the action of the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir, which indicates that the neuraminidase and not the hemagglutinin is responsible fo ... | 2017 | 27899226 |
| influenza and rhinovirus viral load and disease severity in upper respiratory tract infections. | the role of viral load in respiratory viral infection is unclear. it is proposed that the viral load of some, but not all respiratory viruses correlate with disease severity. | 2017 | 27893998 |
| school absenteeism among school-aged children with medically attended acute viral respiratory illness during three influenza seasons, 2012-2013 through 2014-2015. | acute respiratory illnesses (aris) are common in school-aged children, but few studies have assessed school absenteeism due to specific respiratory viruses. | 2016 | 27885805 |
| efficacy of clarithromycin-naproxen-oseltamivir combination in the treatment of patients hospitalized for influenza a(h3n2) infection: an open-label, randomized controlled, phase 2b/3 trial. | influenza causes excessive hospitalizations and deaths. single agent treatment with oseltamivir in severe influenza might be insufficient. the study assessed the efficacy and safety of oseltamivir-clarithromycin-naproxen combination for treatment of serious influenza. | 2016 | 27884765 |
| influenza in poland in 2013 and 2013/2014 epidemic season | analysis of epidemiological situation of influenza in poland in 2013 and 2013/14 epidemic season in reference to previous years and seasons. | 2017 | 27883286 |
| monitoring respiratory virus infection in the metropolitan area of belo horizonte, brazil, 2011-2013. | to analyze the circulation of respiratory viruses in people living in the metropolitan area of belo horizonte, brazil, and hospitalized in belo horizonte from 2011 to 2013. | 2016 | 27869941 |
| influenza h7n9 lah-hbc virus-like particle vaccine with adjuvant protects mice against homologous and heterologous influenza viruses. | the long alpha-helix (lah) region located in influenza virus hemagglutinin (ha) shows conservation among different influenza a strains, which could be used as a candidate target of influenza vaccines. moreover, the hepatitis b virus core protein (hbc) is a carrier for heterologous epitopes in eliciting effective immune responses. we inserted the lah region of h7n9 influenza virus into the hbc and prepared the lah-hbc protein, which were capable of self-assembly into virus-like particles (vlp), b ... | 2016 | 27866773 |
| identification of inonotus obliquus polysaccharide with broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multi-feline viruses. | inonotus obliquus polysaccharides (iops) are a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of cancer, cardiopathy, diabetes, aids, pancreatitis and other diseases. in this study, we found that iop can act as a broad-spectrum antiviral drug against feline viruses in the in vitro experiment. using cell models of feline calicivirus (fcv), we demonstrated that iop treatment was capable of exhibiting anti-fcv strain f9 activity in cell-based assays and also showed low cytotoxicity. investigation ... | 2017 | 27865960 |
| origin, distribution, and potential risk factors associated with influenza a virus in swine in two production systems in guatemala. | guatemala is the country with the largest swine production in central america; however, evidence of influenza a virus (iav) in pigs has not been clearly delineated. | 2017 | 27860313 |
| detection and pathogenesis of a novel swine h3n2 influenza virus containing three genes from the 2009 pandemic h1n1 influenza viruses in korea in 2015. | 2016 | 27853991 | |
| surveillance of antiviral resistance markers in argentina: detection of e119v neuraminidase mutation in a post-treatment immunocompromised patient. | although vaccines are the best means of protection against influenza, neuraminidase inhibitors are currently the main antiviral treatment available to control severe influenza cases. one of the most frequent substitutions in the neuraminidase (na) protein of influenza a(h3n2) viruses during or soon after oseltamivir administration is e119v mutation. we describe the emergence of a mixed viral population with the e119e/v mutation in the na protein sequence in a post-treatment influenza sample coll ... | 2016 | 27849220 |
| seasonal influenza a h1n1pdm09 virus and severe outcomes: a reason for broader vaccination in non-elderly, at-risk people. | recent pandemics of influenza a h1n1pdm09 virus have caused severe illness, especially in young people. very few studies on influenza a h1n1pdm09 in post-pandemic periods exist, and there is no information on the severity of both seasonal influenza a(h1n1) and a(h3n2) from the same season, adjusting for potential confounders, including vaccine. | 2016 | 27832114 |
| high antiviral effect of tio2·pl-dna nanocomposites targeted to conservative regions of (-)rna and (+)rna of influenza a virus in cell culture. | background: the development of new antiviral drugs based on nucleic acids is under scrutiny. an important problem in this aspect is to find the most vulnerable conservative regions in the viral genome as targets for the action of these agents. another challenge is the development of an efficient system for their delivery into cells. to solve this problem, we proposed a tio2·pl-dna nanocomposite consisting of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and polylysine (pl)-containing oligonucleotides. results: ... | 2016 | 27826491 |
| versatility of a localized surface plasmon resonance-based gold nanoparticle-alloyed quantum dot nanobiosensor for immunofluorescence detection of viruses. | flu infection, caused by the influenza virus, constitutes a serious threat to human lives worldwide. a rapid, sensitive and specific diagnosis is urgently needed for point-of-care treatment and to control the rapid spread of this disease. in this study, an ultrasensitive, rapid and specific localized surface plasmon resonance (lspr)-induced immunofluorescence nanobiosensor has been developed for the influenza virus based on a gold nanoparticle (aunp)-induced quantum dot (qd) fluorescence signal. ... | 2017 | 27825520 |
| genotyping and detection of common avian and human origin-influenza viruses using a portable chemiluminescence imaging microarray. | influenza viruses are divided into three types, a, b, and c. human influenza a and b viruses can cause seasonal epidemics, but influenza c causes only a mild respiratory illness. influenza a virus can infect various host species. in 2013, human-infectious avian influenza a (h7n9) was first reported in china. by the second week of 2014, there were 210 laboratory-confirmed human cases in the country, and the mortality rate eventually reached 22 %. rapid and accurate diagnosis of influenza viruses ... | 2016 | 27822445 |
| influence of social contact patterns and demographic factors on influenza simulation results. | the demographic composition and the frequency and nature of social contacts may affect the spread of influenza virus in a population, resulting in distinct age-dependent immunity patterns. as demography and social contact rates differ strongly between european countries, this may impact infection incidence and vaccine effectiveness and thus limit the extent to which conclusions derived from observations in one country can be generalized to others. in the current study, we aimed to decipher the i ... | 2016 | 27821137 |
| molecular-level analysis of the serum antibody repertoire in young adults before and after seasonal influenza vaccination. | molecular understanding of serological immunity to influenza has been confounded by the complexity of the polyclonal antibody response in humans. here we used high-resolution proteomics analysis of immunoglobulin (referred to as ig-seq) coupled with high-throughput sequencing of transcripts encoding b cell receptors (bcr-seq) to quantitatively determine the antibody repertoire at the individual clonotype level in the sera of young adults before and after vaccination with trivalent seasonal influ ... | 2016 | 27820605 |
| a promising magnetic sers immunosensor for sensitive detection of avian influenza virus. | avian influenza viruses infect a great number of global populations every year and can lead to severe epidemics with high morbidity and mortality. facile, rapid and sensitive detection of viruses is very crucial to control the viral spread at its early stage. in this work, we developed a novel magnetic immunosensor based on surface enhanced raman scattering (sers) spectroscopy to detect intact but inactivated influenza virus h3n2 (a/shanghai/4084t/2012) by constructing a sandwich complex consist ... | 2017 | 27818055 |
| amino acids in hemagglutinin antigenic site b determine antigenic and receptor binding differences between a(h3n2)v and ancestral seasonal h3n2 influenza viruses. | influenza a h3n2 variant [a(h3n2)v] viruses, which have caused human infections in the united states in recent years, originated from human seasonal h3n2 viruses that were introduced into north american swine in the mid-1990s, but they are antigenically distinct from both the ancestral and current circulating h3n2 strains. a reference a(h3n2)v virus, a/minnesota/11/2010 (mn/10), and a seasonal h3n2 strain, a/beijing/32/1992 (bj/92), were chosen to determine the molecular basis for the antigenic ... | 2017 | 27807224 |
| exogenous activation of invariant natural killer t cells by α-galactosylceramide reduces pneumococcal outgrowth and dissemination postinfluenza. | influenza a virus infection can predispose to potentially devastating secondary bacterial infections. invariant natural killer t (inkt) cells are unconventional, lipid-reactive t lymphocytes that exert potent immunostimulatory functions. using a mouse model of postinfluenza invasive secondary pneumococcal infection, we sought to establish whether α-galactosylceramide (α-galcer [a potent inkt cell agonist that is currently in clinical development]) could limit bacterial superinfection. our result ... | 2016 | 27803187 |
| serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d was not associated with influenza virus infection in children and adults in hong kong, 2009-2010. | some studies have hypothesized that vitamin d may have a role to play in protection against influenza virus infections and illnesses, and that seasonal fluctuation in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d [25(oh)d] may affect seasonal patterns of influenza virus infections. | 2016 | 27798334 |
| glycosylation changes in the globular head of h3n2 influenza hemagglutinin modulate receptor binding without affecting virus virulence. | since the emergence of human h3n2 influenza a viruses in the pandemic of 1968, these viruses have become established as strains of moderate severity. a decline in virulence has been accompanied by glycan accumulation on the hemagglutinin globular head, and hemagglutinin receptor binding has changed from recognition of a broad spectrum of glycan receptors to a narrower spectrum. the relationship between increased glycosylation, binding changes, and reduction in h3n2 virulence is not clear. we eva ... | 2016 | 27796371 |
| a pyrosequencing-based approach to high-throughput identification of influenza a(h3n2) virus clades harboring antigenic drift variants. | the rapid evolution of influenza a(h3n2) viruses necessitates close monitoring of their antigenic properties so the emergence and spread of antigenic drift variants can be rapidly identified. changes in hemagglutinin (ha) acquired by contemporary a(h3n2) viruses hinder antigenic characterization by traditional methods, thus complicating vaccine strain selection. sequence-based approaches have been used to infer virus antigenicity; however, they are time consuming and mid-throughput. to facilitat ... | 2017 | 27795346 |
| comparative analysis of influenza a(h3n2) virus hemagglutinin specific igg subclass and iga responses in children and adults after influenza vaccination. | two different influenza vaccines are generally used in many countries; trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (laiv3) and trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (iiv3). studies comparing the antibody response to iiv3 and laiv3 commonly investigate the seroprotective response by hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) assay. however, there is limited data regarding comparative analysis of igg subclass and iga responses induced by laiv3 and iiv3. fifteen children <5years received 2 doses of laiv3 w ... | 2017 | 27789145 |
| outbreak of influenza a(h3n2) variant virus infections among persons attending agricultural fairs housing infected swine - michigan and ohio, july-august 2016. | on august 3, 2016, the ohio department of health laboratory reported to cdc that a respiratory specimen collected on july 28 from a male aged 13 years who attended an agricultural fair in ohio during july 22-29, 2016, and subsequently developed a respiratory illness, tested positive by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rrt-pcr) for influenza a(h3n2) variant* (h3n2v). the respiratory specimen was collected as part of routine influenza surveillance activities. the next day ... | 2016 | 27787493 |
| trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine effective against influenza a(h3n2) variant viruses in children during the 2014/15 season, japan. | the 2014/15 influenza season in japan was characterised by predominant influenza a(h3n2) activity; 99% of influenza a viruses detected were a(h3n2). subclade 3c.2a viruses were the major epidemic a(h3n2) viruses, and were genetically distinct from a/new york/39/2012(h3n2) of 2014/15 vaccine strain in japan, which was classified as clade 3c.1. we assessed vaccine effectiveness (ve) of inactivated influenza vaccine (iiv) in children aged 6 months to 15 years by test-negative case-control design ba ... | 2016 | 27784529 |
| fatal cases of seasonal influenza in russia in 2015-2016. | the influenza epidemic in 2015-2016 in russia is characterized by a sharp increase of influenza cases (beginning from the second week of 2016) with increased fatalities. influenza was confirmed in 20 fatal cases registered among children (0-10 years), in 5 cases among pregnant women, and in 173 cases among elderly people (60 years and older). two hundred and ninety nine people died from influenza were patients with some chronic problems. the overwhelming majority among the deceased (more than 98 ... | 2016 | 27776172 |
| in vitro exposure system for study of aerosolized influenza virus. | infection of adherent cell monolayers using a liquid inoculum represents an established method to reliably and quantitatively study virus infection, but poorly recapitulates the exposure and infection of cells in the respiratory tract that occurs during infection with aerosolized pathogens. to better simulate natural infection in vitro, we adapted a system that generates viral aerosols similar to those exhaled by infected humans to the inoculation of epithelial cell monolayers. procedures for ce ... | 2017 | 27771560 |
| activities of jnj63623872 and oseltamivir against influenza a h1n1pdm and h3n2 virus infections in mice. | jnj63623872 (formerly known as vx-787) is an inhibitor of influenza a virus polymerases through interaction with the viral pb2 subunit. this interaction blocks the cap-snatching activity of the virus that is essential for virus replication. previously published work has documented antiviral activity of jnj63623872 in cell culture and mouse infection studies. in this report, we extend the in vivo observations by comparing the efficacies of jnj63623872 and oseltamivir in mice infected with influen ... | 2016 | 27771390 |
| circulation of multiple genotypes of h1n2 viruses in a swine farm in italy over a two-month period. | in august 2012 repeated respiratory outbreaks caused by swine influenza a virus (swiav) were registered for a whole year in a breeding farm in northeast italy that supplied piglets for fattening. the virus, initially characterized in the farm, was a reassortant eurasian avian-like h1n1 (h1avn1) genotype, containing a haemagglutinin segment derived from the pandemic h1n1 (a(h1n1)pdm09) lineage. to control infection, a vaccination program using vaccines against the a(h1n1)pdm09, human-like h1n2 (h ... | 2016 | 27771067 |
| improving influenza virological surveillance in europe: strain-based reporting of antigenic and genetic characterisation data, 11 european countries, influenza season 2013/14. | influenza antigenic and genetic characterisation data are crucial for influenza vaccine composition decision making. previously, aggregate data were reported to the european centre for disease prevention and control by european union/european economic area (eu/eea) countries. a system for collecting case-specific influenza antigenic and genetic characterisation data was established for the 2013/14 influenza season. in a pilot study, 11 eu/eea countries reported through the new mechanism. we demo ... | 2016 | 27762211 |
| virological surveillance of influenza in four recent post-pandemic seasons (2010/11 to 2013/14) in bulgaria. | influenza virological surveillance is an essential tool for studying the evolution of influenza viruses as well as for annual updating of the vaccine composition. the aim of the present study is to analyse the circulation of the influenza viruses in bulgaria during the four recent post-pandemic seasons. | 2016 | 27755859 |
| viral fusion efficacy of specific h3n2 influenza virus reassortant combinations at single-particle level. | virus pseudotyping is a useful and safe technique for studying entry of emerging strains of influenza virus. however, few studies have compared different reassortant combinations in pseudoparticle systems, or compared entry kinetics of native viruses and their pseudotyped analogs. here, vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv)-based pseudovirions displaying distinct influenza virus envelope proteins were tested for fusion activity. we produced vsv pseudotypes containing the prototypical x-31 (h3) ha, ei ... | 2016 | 27752100 |
| characterization of influenza outbreaks in lebanon during the 2013/14 and 2014/15 seasons. | despite the significant burden of influenza outbreaks, active disease monitoring has been largely absent in the middle east, including lebanon. in this study we characterized influenza virus in 440 nasopharyngeal swabs collected from patients with acute respiratory infections during two influenza seasons in lebanon. influenza a(h3n2) was dominant in the 2013/14 season while the a(h1n1)pdm09 and b/yamagata strains were most prevalent in the 2014/15 season. all tested isolates were susceptible to ... | 2016 | 27714749 |
| incidence of influenza virus-associated severe acute respiratory infection in damanhour district, egypt, 2013. | the epidemiology, seasonality and risk factors for influenza virus infection remains poorly defined in countries such as egypt. between 1 january and 31 december 2013, we used surveillance data on patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory infection in three egyptian government hospitals in damanhour district to estimate the incidence rate of laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza. samples were taken from 1727 of 1856 patients; of these, 19% were influenza virus positive. the overall i ... | 2016 | 27714745 |
| molecular epidemiology and evolution of a(h1n1) pdm09 and h3n2 viruses in jordan, 2011-2013. | understanding the genetic evolution of a(h1n1)pdm09 and h3n2 viruses can help better select strains to be included in the annual influenza vaccine. there is little information on their evolution in jordan so this study investigated the genetic and antigenic variability of a(h1n1)pdm09 and h3n2 viruses in jordan by performing phylogenetic and genetic analyses of the ha and na genes of a(h1n1)pdm09 and h3n2 viruses between 2011 and 2013. the full ha and na genes of 16 h1n1-positive samples obtaine ... | 2016 | 27714744 |