Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| seroprevalence and risk factors of chlamydia psittaci infection in domestic geese anser domestica, in hainan province of china. | chlamydia psittaci, the agent of psittacosis in humans, infects a wide range of bird species. to assess the risk of psittacosis posed by domestic geese in china, the seroprevalence of c. psittaci infection in domestic geese in hainan province, tropical china was examined using indirect hemagglutination assay (iha). the overall seroprevalence was estimated at 25.6% (461/1800; 95% ci: 23.6-27.6). the c. psittaci seroprevalence ranged from 19% (95% ci: 14.6-23.4) to 34% (95% ci: 28.6-39.4) among di ... | 2015 | 25700712 |
| detection of novel chlamydiae and legionellales from human nasal samples of healthy volunteers. | chlamydiae are intracellular bacterial parasites of eukaryotes, ranging from amoebae to humans. they comprise many novel members and are investigated as emerging pathogens. environmental studies highlighted similarities between the ecologies of chlamydiae and legionellae, both groups being important agents of respiratory infections. herein, we analyzed nasal samples from healthy persons, searching for the presence of amoebae, chlamydiae and legionellae. from a total of 25 samples, we recovered b ... | 2015 | 25697709 |
| the type iii secretion system (t3ss) of chlamydophila psittaci is involved in the host inflammatory response by activating the jnk/erk signaling pathway. | chlamydophila psittaci (c. psittaci) is a human zoonotic pathogen, which could result in severe respiratory disease. in the present study, we investigated the role and mechanism of the type iii secretion system (t3ss) of c. psittaci in regulating the inflammatory response in host cells. c. psittaci-infected thp-1 cells were incubated with the specific t3ss inhibitor inp0007, inhibitors of erk, p38, or jnk, and the levels of inflammatory cytokines were analyzed using q-pcr and elisa. the levels o ... | 2015 | 25685800 |
| typing of chlamydia psittaci to monitor epidemiology of psittacosis and aid disease control in the netherlands, 2008 to 2013. | 2015 | 25677053 | |
| chlamydophila psittaci-negative ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphomas express self polyreactive b-cell receptors. | the pathogenesis of chlamydophila psittaci-negative ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone lymphomas (oaemzls) is poorly understood. oaemzls are monoclonal tumors expressing a biased repertoire of mutated surface immunoglobulins. antigenic activation of the b-cell receptor (bcr) may have a role in the pathogenesis of these lymphomas. we have analyzed the reactivity of recombinant oaemzl immunoglobulins. oaemzl antibodies reacted with self-human antigens, as demonstrated by enzyme-linked immunos ... | 2015 | 25676418 |
| host preference and zoonotic potential of chlamydia psittaci and c. gallinacea in poultry. | chlamydia psittaci and c. gallinacea are obligate intracellular bacteria infecting poultry. we conducted a survey in two poultry slaughterhouses that were processing either exclusively ducks (a) or various poultry species except ducks (b). cloacal swabs were collected from all incoming poultry flocks in the course of a week, and blood samples and pharyngeal swabs were taken from workers. swabs were examined using pcr and sera were analyzed with two immunoassays. pcr testing revealed the presence ... | 2015 | 25663344 |
| management of the marginal zone lymphomas. | marginal zone lymphomas (mzl) represent around 8 % of all non-hodgkin lymphomas. during the last decades a number of studies have addressed the mechanisms underlying the disease development. extranodal mzl lymphoma usually arises in mucosal sites where lymphocytes are not normally present from a background of either autoimmune processes, such as hashimoto thyroiditis or sjögren syndrome or chronic infectious conditions. in the context of a persistent antigenic stimulation, successive genetic abn ... | 2015 | 25655612 |
| cross-species transmission and emergence of novel viruses from birds. | birds, the only living member of the dinosauria clade, are flying warm-blooded vertebrates displaying high species biodiversity, roosting and migratory behavior, and a unique adaptive immune system. birds provide the natural reservoir for numerous viral species and therefore gene source for evolution, emergence and dissemination of novel viruses. the intrusions of human into natural habitats of wild birds, the domestication of wild birds as pets or racing birds, and the increasing poultry consum ... | 2015 | 25644327 |
| host-pathogen interactions in specific pathogen-free chickens following aerogenous infection with chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia abortus. | although chlamydia (c.) psittaci infections are recognized as an important factor causing economic losses and impairing animal welfare in poultry production, the specific mechanisms leading to severe clinical outcomes are poorly understood. in the present study, we comparatively investigated pathology and host immune response, as well as systemic dissemination and expression of essential chlamydial genes in the course of experimental aerogeneous infection with c. psittaci and the closely related ... | 2015 | 25638671 |
| identification of in vivo-induced bacterial protein antigens during calf infection with chlamydia psittaci. | chlamydia (c.) psittaci, the causative agent of ornithosis, is an obligate intracellular pathogen with a unique developmental cycle and a high potential for zoonotic transmission. various mammalian hosts, such as cattle, horse, sheep and man that are in close contact with contaminated birds can get infected (referred to as psittacosis). since little is known about long-term sequelae of chronic disease and the molecular mechanisms of chlamydial pathogenesis, a key step in understanding the in viv ... | 2015 | 25595025 |
| a novel psittacine adenovirus identified during an outbreak of avian chlamydiosis and human psittacosis: zoonosis associated with virus-bacterium coinfection in birds. | chlamydophila psittaci is found worldwide, but is particularly common among psittacine birds in tropical and subtropical regions. while investigating a human psittacosis outbreak that was associated with avian chlamydiosis in hong kong, we identified a novel adenovirus in epidemiologically linked mealy parrots, which was not present in healthy birds unrelated to the outbreak or in other animals. the novel adenovirus (tentatively named psittacine adenovirus hku1) was most closely related to duck ... | 2014 | 25474263 |
| genetic diversity of chlamydia among captive birds from central argentina. | to study the occurrence of chlamydia spp. and their genetic diversity, we analysed 793 cloacal swabs from 12 avian orders, including 76 genera, obtained from 80 species of asymptomatic wild and captive birds that were examined with conventional nested polymerase chain reaction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. chlamydia spp. were not detected in wild birds; however, four species (chlamydia psittaci, chlamydia pecorum, chlamydia pneumoniae and chlamydia gallinacea) were identified among ... | 2015 | 25469538 |
| identification of chlamydiae and mycoplasma species in ruminants with ocular infections. | infectious keratoconjunctivitis (ikc) is a highly contagious ocular inflammatory condition, which is often reported in domestic small and large ruminants. multiple infectious aetiologies are reported to be involved, but information about the role of certain fastidious bacterial pathogens such as chlamydiae and mycoplasmas is limited in india. hence, this study was performed to determine the role of these pathogens and their identification by molecular approach. a total of 53 samples from 31 ovin ... | 2015 | 25421836 |
| [serological evidence of infection by three species of chlamydia in pregnant women in mexico]. | background: chlamydiales are obligate intracellular pathogens causing a wide range of diseases in humans and animals. | 2014 | 25412551 |
| chlamydia psittaci in eurasian collared doves (streptopelia decaocto) in italy. | we investigated the chlamydia spp. occurrence in eurasian collared doves (streptopelia decaocto) from urban and suburban areas in northern italy. among 76 doves screened, prevalence of chlamydia spp. was 61%. chlamydia psittaci genotype e was identified in 33 of the 46 positive samples. the multilocus sequence typing pattern of one highly positive sample showed a new allelic combination. the same molecular features were observed in a c. psittaci strain subsequently isolated from a live dove. our ... | 2015 | 25375950 |
| multiple human-to-human transmission from a severe case of psittacosis, sweden, january-february 2013. | proven transmission of chlamydia psittaci between humans has been described on only one occasion previously. we describe an outbreak which occurred in sweden in early 2013, where the epidemiological and serological investigation suggests that one patient, severely ill with psittacosis after exposure to wild bird droppings, transmitted the disease to ten others: two family members, one hospital roommate and seven hospital caregivers. three cases also provided respiratory samples that could be ana ... | 2014 | 25358043 |
| clinical features of endemic community-acquired psittacosis. | following a large outbreak of community-acquired psittacosis in 2002 in residents of the blue mountains, new south wales, australia, we reviewed new cases in this area over a 7-year period from 2003 to 2009. using the 2010 criteria from the centers for disease control national notifiable diseases surveillance system, 85 patients with possible psittacosis were identified, of which 48 were identified as definite or probable infection. clinical features of these cases are summarized. in addition to ... | 2014 | 25356332 |
| detection of chlamydia psittaci in belgian cattle with signs of respiratory disease and milk drop syndrome. | 2014 | 25351231 | |
| long-term outcomes of first-line treatment with doxycycline in patients with previously untreated ocular adnexal marginal zone b cell lymphoma. | ocular adnexal lymphoma (oal) has been associated with chlamydophila psittaci infection, for which doxycycline has been suggested as a treatment option. we conducted this study to evaluate the long-term results of first-line doxycycline treatment in patients with oal. ninety patients with histologically confirmed oal with marginal zone b cell lymphoma were enrolled. each patient received one or two cycles of doxycycline (100 mg bid) for 3 weeks. after a median follow-up period of 40.5 months (8- ... | 2015 | 25338969 |
| the prevalence and genetic characterization of chlamydia psittaci from domestic and feral pigeons in poland and the correlation between infection rate and incidence of pigeon circovirus. | chlamydiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by chlamydia psittaci that occurs in a wide range of bird species. high infection rates with c. psittaci are found in pigeons, which can act as vectors transmitting this bacterium to poultry and humans. chlamydia shedding by pigeons is intermittent and can be activated by stressors or immunosuppression. the most common immunosuppressive factor for pigeons is a pigeon circovirus (picv) infection. the main aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of ... | 2014 | 25306457 |
| epidemiology of chlamydia psittaci infection in racing pigeons and pigeon fanciers in beijing, china. | over 3 million racing pigeons (columba livia) are registered in beijing city center for gambling purposes. during 2008-2010, we evaluated the occurrence and prevalence of chlamydia psittaci in racing pigeons as well as the possible zoonotic transmission to pigeon fanciers in six districts of beijing where pigeon races are particularly popular. c. psittaci-specific serum antibody titres were obtained from 370 pigeons and 79 fanciers using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. in addition, 206 and 67 ... | 2015 | 25244602 |
| evaluation of antimicrobial treatment in a bovine model of acute chlamydia psittaci infection: tetracycline versus tetracycline plus rifampicin. | antimicrobial treatment of chlamydial infections is known to be of limited efficacy. in this study, effects of doxycycline (d), usually the drug of choice, were compared with the combined therapy of doxycycline and rifampicin (r) in a bovine model of respiratory chlamydia psittaci infection. after intrabronchial inoculation of the pathogen, 30 animals were assigned to five groups (n = 6 per group): untreated controls, monotherapy with d (5 mg kg(-1)day(-1) or 10 mg kg(-1)day(-1)), and combinatio ... | 2015 | 25113145 |
| chlamydia psittaci: new insights into genomic diversity, clinical pathology, host-pathogen interaction and anti-bacterial immunity. | the distinctive and unique features of the avian and mammalian zoonotic pathogen chlamydia (c.) psittaci include the fulminant course of clinical disease, the remarkably wide host range and the high proportion of latent infections that are not leading to overt disease. current knowledge on associated diseases is rather poor, even in comparison to other chlamydial agents. in the present paper, we explain and summarize the major findings of a national research network that focused on the elucidati ... | 2014 | 25082204 |
| genome-wide dna methylation profiles according to chlamydophila psittaci infection and the response to doxycycline treatment in ocular adnexal lymphoma. | to compare genome-wide dna methylation profiles according to chlamydophila psittaci (cp) infection status and the response to doxycycline treatment in korean patients with ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone b-cell lymphoma (emzl). | 2014 | 25053874 |
| the bovine lung in biomedical research: visually guided bronchoscopy, intrabronchial inoculation and in vivo sampling techniques. | there is an ongoing search for alternative animal models in research of respiratory medicine. depending on the goal of the research, large animals as models of pulmonary disease often resemble the situation of the human lung much better than mice do. working with large animals also offers the opportunity to sample the same animal repeatedly over a certain course of time, which allows long-term studies without sacrificing the animals. the aim was to establish in vivo sampling methods for the use ... | 2014 | 25046445 |
| chlamydiosis in british garden birds (2005-2011): retrospective diagnosis and chlamydia psittaci genotype determination. | the significance of chlamydiosis as a cause of mortality in wild passerines (order passeriformes), and the role of these birds as a potential source of zoonotic chlamydia psittaci infection, is unknown. we reviewed wild bird mortality incidents (2005-2011). where species composition or post-mortem findings were indicative of chlamydiosis, we examined archived tissues for c. psittaci infection using pcr and arraytube microarray assays. twenty-one of 40 birds tested positive: 8 dunnocks (prunella ... | 2014 | 24947738 |
| whole-genome sequences of low-virulence strain cb3 and mild strain cb7 of chlamydia psittaci. | avian chlamydia psittaci is an obligate intracellular zoonotic pathogen especially dispersed from birds, and it is known to cause pericarditis, pneumonia, lateral nasal adenitis, peritonitis, hepatitis, splenitis, and other diseases. generalized infections result in fever, anorexia, lethargy, and diarrhea, depending on the chlamydial genotype and the affected bird species. although many complete genomes of c. psittaci have been sequenced, we report here the genomes of two strains isolated from t ... | 2014 | 24903864 |
| rapid metagenomic diagnostics for suspected outbreak of severe pneumonia. | 2014 | 24857411 | |
| serological and molecular characterization of chlamydophila psittaci strains using serovar-specific monoclonal antibodies and ompa sequence analysis. | in the present study, 21 avian chlamydophila psittaci field isolates from 4 different european countries (belgium, germany, italy and the netherlands) were characterized using serovar-specific monoclonal antibodies as well as ompa sequence analysis, enabling the comparison between the two characterization methods for future epidemiological studies. the 21 european isolates included 6 isolates from the order psittaciformes, 6 isolates from the anseriformes, 5 isolates from the order columbiformes ... | 2003 | 24757814 |
| evidence for a type iii secretion system in chlamydophila psittaci. | in order to examine the presence of a type iii secretion system in chlamydophila psittaci, we focused on the sctw (copn) coding region in a locus containing four genes encoding putative products with similarity to chaperones (sccl), secretion pore components (cds1 and cds2) and secreted proteins (copn) formerly identified in the type iii secretion system of other gram-negative bacteria. sctw regulates type iii secretion in gram-negative bacteria. sctw expression was examined in c. psittaci infec ... | 2003 | 24757810 |
| chlamydophila psittaci dna vaccination in turkeys in the presence of maternal antibodies. | plasmid dna (pcdna1::momp d) expressing the major outer membrane protein of an avian chlamydophila psittaci serovar d strain was tested for its ability to induce protective immunity against chlamydophila psittaci challenge in the presence of maternal antibodies. a combined parenteral (intramuscular injection) and mucosal route (dna drops administered to the nares) of dna inoculation was used. only placebo-vaccinated turkeys showed a primary response following challenge, although dna vaccination ... | 2003 | 24757809 |
| chlamydia psittaci inclusion membrane protein incb associates with host protein snapin. | chlamydia (c.) psittaci, the causative agent of psittacosis in birds and humans, is the most important zoonotic pathogen of the family chlamydiaceae. during a unique developmental cycle of this obligate intracellular pathogen, the infectious elementary body gains access to the susceptible host cell, where it transforms into the replicative reticulate body. c. psittaci uses dynein motor proteins for optimal early development. chlamydial proteins that mediate this process are unknown. two-hybrid s ... | 2014 | 24751478 |
| a presumptive case of baylisascaris procyonis in a feral green-cheeked amazon parrot (amazona viridigenalis). | a feral green-cheeked amazon parrot (amazona viridigenalis), also known as the red-crowned amazon, with generalized neurologic symptoms was found in pasadena in southern california and brought in for treatment. the bird was refractory to a wide variety of medications and supportive treatment. tests for polyoma virus, psittacine beak and feather disease virus, and west nile virus as well as chlamydophila psittaci were negative. hospitalized and home care continued for a total of 69 days. the bird ... | 2014 | 24712176 |
| pathogenicity of low and highly virulent chlamydia psittaci isolates for specific-pathogen-free chickens. | in commercially raised poultry, chlamydiosis mostly seems to occur on turkey or duck farms, sometimes associated with zoonotic transmission and disease (psittacosis) in humans. however, chlamydia infections are apparently emerging in chickens, and information on the virulence of chlamydia in chickens is limited. up-to-date chlamydia psittaci genotypes b and d are most frequently found in broilers. we examined the pathogenicity of the well-characterized c. psittaci genotype b (cp3) and d (92/1293 ... | 2013 | 24689181 |
| development of a real-time pcr assay for detection and quantification of anaplasma ovis infection. | anaplasma ovis is a tick-borne intra-erythrocytic rickettsial pathogen of small ruminants. real-time pcr possesses merits of rapidity, accuracy, reliability, automation and ease of standardization, but has not been used for detection of a. ovis, to the best of our knowledge. in this study, a real-time pcr assay was developed for detection and quantification of a. ovis. species-specific primers and taqman probe were designed based on the glta gene. no cross-reactions were observed with anaplasma ... | 2013 | 24589111 |
| seroprevalence and genotype of chlamydia in pet parrots in china. | parrots are one of the most popular pet birds in china, and can harbour chlamydia which has significance for human and animal health. we investigated, by indirect haemagglutination assay, the seroprevalence of chlamydia infection in four species of parrots, namely budgerigars (melopsittacus undulatus), lovebirds (agapornis sp.), cockatiels (nymphicus hollandicus) and alexandrine parakeets (psittacula eupatria) that were collected from weifang and beijing cities, north china and explored the asso ... | 2015 | 24588856 |
| evaluation of pulmonary dysfunctions and acid-base imbalances induced by chlamydia psittaci in a bovine model of respiratory infection. | chlamydia psittaci (cp) is a respiratory pathogen capable of inducing acute pulmonary zoonotic disease (psittacosis) or persistent infection. to elucidate the pathogenesis of this infection, a translational large animal model was recently introduced by our group. this study aims at quantifying and differentiating pulmonary dysfunction and acid-base imbalances induced by cp. | 2014 | 24517577 |
| high prevalence of chlamydophila psittaci subclinical infection in italian patients with sjögren's syndrome and parotid gland marginal zone b-cell lymphoma of malt-type. | to assess chlamydophila psittaci (cp) subclinical infection in patients with sjögren's syndrome (ss). | 2017 | 24447326 |
| chlamydia psittaci exposure in pet birds. | chlamydia psittaci is a zoonotic pathogen with a wide range of avian hosts and may be transmitted to humans and cause severe disease. to assess the risk of psittacosis posed by pet birds, the seroprevalence of chlamydia psittaci antibodies in 360 eurasian siskins (carduelis spinus), 289 oriental skylarks (alauda arvensis) and 36 black-tailed grosbeaks (coccothraustes migratorius) in gansu province, north-western china was detected by an indirect haemagglutination assay. twenty-seven out of 289 ( ... | 2014 | 24445511 |
| development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for specific and rapid detection of differential goat pox virus and sheep pox virus. | capripox viruses are economically important pathogens in goat and sheep producing areas of the world, with specific focus on goat pox virus (gtpv), sheep pox virus (sppv) and the lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv). clinically, sheep pox and goat pox have the same symptoms and cannot be distinguished serologically. this presents a real need for a rapid, inexpensive, and easy to operate and maintain genotyping tool to facilitate accurate disease diagnosis and surveillance for better management of cap ... | 2014 | 24438089 |
| risk factors associated with chlamydia psittaci infection in psittacine birds. | chlamydia psittaci is the aetiological agent of chlamydiosis in birds, especially psittaciformes. the objective of the present study was to detect c. psittaci by means of semi-nested pcr among psittacine birds sold at pet markets and kept as pet birds in salvador, bahia, brazil. questionnaires were used to identify risk factors involved in the epidemiology of the disease. in addition, the management of birds and cages was observed at each location studied. the frequency of c. psittaci infection ... | 2014 | 24430249 |
| assessment of plasma concentrations and potential adverse effects of doxycycline in cockatiels (nymphicus hollandicus) fed a medicated pelleted diet. | doxycycline hyclate was mixed with soybean oil and then added to a low-fat pelleted diet that contained approximately 2.4% fat, which produced a final diet that contained a calculated 6.4% fat and 300 mg doxycycline per kilogram of diet. the medicated diet was fed to 9 healthy adult cockatiels (nymphicus hollandicus) for 47 days; a control group of 6 birds received the identical diet without doxycycline. trough doxycycline plasma concentrations were measured 7 times during treatment and ranged f ... | 2013 | 24344509 |
| [mycoplasma and chlamydia as ethiological factors of bronchial asthma in terms of ethnogenesis]. | the study of the prevalence and clinical peculiarities of mycoplasmosis and chlamydiosis in patients with different pathogenic forms of bronchial asthma (ba) taking into account ethnicity of a patient. | 2013 | 24340964 |
| [efficacy of doxycycline for treatment of chlamydiosis in flocks of racing and fancy pigeons]. | evaluation of the clinical efficacy of doxycycline application via drinking water in the treatment of chlamydiosis in infected, clinically ill flocks of racing and fancy pigeons (columba livia f. domestica) under field conditions. | 2013 | 24326879 |
| zoonotic infection with chlamydia psittaci at an avian refuge centre. | this paper reports the zoonotic transmission of chlamydia psittaci at a wild bird refuge centre resulting in the infection of members of the staff. pharyngeal swabs were culture positive in 26% (11/42) of the sampled birds, and molecular characterisation of isolates revealed genotypes a, b, d, and e/b. the finding reflects multiple distinct infections and highlights the endemic nature of this pathogen in avian wildlife. two clinically normal birds being prepared for release were found to be excr ... | 2014 | 24326117 |
| emerging chlamydia psittaci infections in chickens and examination of transmission to humans. | chlamydia psittaci and atypical chlamydiaceae infections are (re)-emerging in chickens. we therefore examined the prevalence of c. psittaci, atypical chlamydiaceae and their zoonotic transmission on 19 belgian chicken farms. atypical chlamydiaceae were not detected in chickens but 18 out of 19 farms were positive for c. psittaci by culture and pcr. c. psittaci ompa genotypes a and d were discovered. none of the examined humans (n = 31) was infected with atypical chlamydiaceae, but 29 (93.5%) of ... | 2014 | 24324029 |
| the complement c3a receptor is critical in defense against chlamydia psittaci in mouse lung infection and required for antibody and optimal t cell response. | the complement system protects against extracellular pathogens and links innate and adaptive immunity. in this study, we investigated the anaphylatoxin c3a receptor (c3ar) in chlamydia psittaci lung infection and elucidated c3a-dependent adaptive immune mechanisms. | 2014 | 24273177 |
| molecular detection and genotyping of chlamydia psittaci in captive psittacines from costa rica. | oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs from 117 captive psittacine birds presented at veterinary clinics (88) and from shelters/rescue centers of wildlife (29) were collected to determine the prevalence of c. psittaci in captive birds in costa rica. samples were collected during 2009 from a total of 19 different species of parrots, with ara macao (33), amazona autumnalis (24), amazona ochrocephala (21), and ara ararauna (8) being the most representative species sampled. c. psittaci was detected in four ... | 2013 | 24163776 |
| marginal zone lymphomas and infectious agents. | a link with infectious agents, bacteria and viruses in particular, has been reported for many lymphoma entities. marginal zone lymphomas (extranodal, nodal and splenic forms) are frequently associated with chronic infections, with important clinical, molecular, biological, and therapeutic implications. the well-known correlation between helicobacter pylori and gastric malt-lymphoma, the recently reported links between chlamydophila psittaci and ocular adnexal malt-lymphoma and borrelia burgdorfe ... | 2013 | 24090976 |
| mixed infection by fowlpox virus and chlamydophila psittaci in a commercial laying hen flock. | an outbreak of fowlpox occurred in a commercial laying hen flock in one of the western provinces of poland. clinical signs suggested fowlpox and the diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological detection of bollinger bodies within the epithelial cells. detailed ultrastructural examination revealed an additional concurrent infection with chlamydia-like particles. the particles were identified by pcr as fowlpox virus and chlamydophila psittaci. it is worth noting that both pathogens can generate m ... | 2014 | 23974932 |
| epidemiological investigations on the possible risk of distribution of zoonotic bacteria through apparently healthy homing pigeons. | clinically healthy homing pigeons may serve as an unnoticed reservoir for zoonotic bacteria. hence, healthy pigeons from 172 different racing pigeon lofts were examined for salmonella serovars, campylobacter spp. and chlamydophila (chlamydia) psittaci. two samplings were performed during the racing season in summer (1242 adult and 1164 juvenile pigeons) and two during winter (1074 adult pigeons). each sampling was accompanied by a questionnaire to identify risk factors for positive lofts. betwee ... | 2013 | 23930968 |
| zoonotic atypical pneumonia due to chlamydophila psittaci: first reported psittacosis case in taiwan. | human psittacosis caused by chlamydophila psittaci is one of the most common zoonotic atypical pneumonias featuring pulmonary as well as extrapulmonary infections. most of the cases involve avian contact history especially with psittacine birds. herein we report a 44-year-old male patient displaying atypical pneumonia symptoms of intermittent fever, dry cough, chest pain, dyspnea, headache, hepatitis, and hyponatremia. he had two sick cockatiels, one of which had died a month previously. a micro ... | 2013 | 23927984 |
| chlamydia bacteriophages. | phages are called "good viruses" due to their ability to infect and kill pathogenic bacteria. chlamydia are small, gram-negative (g-) microbes that can be dangerous to human and animals. in humans, these bacteria are etiological agents of diseases such as psittacosis or respiratory tract diseases, while in animals, the infection may result in enteritis in cattle and chronic bowel diseases, as well as miscarriages in sheep. the first-known representative of chlamydiaphages was chp1. it was discov ... | 2013 | 23903989 |
| antibiotic therapy in nongastrointestinal malt lymphoma: a review of the literature. | although antibiotic therapy has been established as the standard of care in patients with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt) lymphoma, much less is known about the value of antibiotic therapy in nongastrointestinal (non-gi) malt lymphomas. a computerized search (medline) accompanied by a manual search to identify clinical reports on the topic of antibacterial therapy in patients with non-gi malt lymphomas was performed. the majority of data were available for malt lymphoma of the o ... | 2013 | 23770778 |
| a novel chlamydiaceae-like bacterium found in faecal specimens from sea birds from the bering sea. | the family chlamydiaceae contains several bacterial pathogens of important human and veterinary medical concern, such as chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydophila psittaci. within the order chlamydiales there are also an increasing number of chlamydia-like bacteria whose biodiversity, host range and environmental spread seem to have been largely underestimated, and which are currently being investigated for their potential medical relevance. in this study we present 16s rrna, rnpb and ompa gene se ... | 2010 | 23766231 |
| unusual increase of psittacosis in southern sweden linked to wild bird exposure, january to april 2013. | free-living wild birds worldwide act as reservoir for chlamydia psittaci, but the risk of transmission to humans through contact with wild birds has not been widely documented. from 12 january to april 9 2013, a total of 25 cases of psittacosis were detected in southern sweden, about a threefold increase compared with the mean of the previous 10 years. a matched case-control study investigating both domestic and wild bird exposure showed that cases were more likely than controls to have cleaned ... | 2013 | 23725809 |
| molecular and genomic aberrations in chlamydophila psittaci negative ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphomas. | the etiology and pathogenesis of ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (oaemzl) are still unknown and the association with chlamydophila psittaci (c. psittaci) has been shown in only some geographic regions. herein, we comprehensively examined the frequency of chromosomal translocations as well as card11, myd88 (l265p), and a20 mutations/deletions in 45 c. psittaci negative oaemzls. t(14;18)(q32;q21) igh-malt1 and t(11;18)(q21;q21) api2-malt1 were not detected in any of the analyzed t ... | 2013 | 23720088 |
| seroprevalence of chlamydia psittaci infection in market-sold adult chickens, ducks and pigeons in north-western china. | chlamydia psittaci, the agent of psittacosis in humans, infects a wide range of avian species. to assess the risk of psittacosis posed by domestic birds in the urban environment, the prevalence of c. psittaci antibodies in 413 chickens (gallus domesticus; 305 caged and 108 free-range), 334 ducks (anas spp.; 111 caged and 223 free-range) and 312 pigeons (columba livia) in lanzhou, north-western china, was detected using the indirect haemagglutination assay. the specific antibodies were found in s ... | 2013 | 23699067 |
| infection, disease, and transmission dynamics in calves after experimental and natural challenge with a bovine chlamydia psittaci isolate. | chlamydia (c.) psittaci is the causative agent of psittacosis, a zoonotic disease in birds and man. in addition, c. psittaci has been repeatedly found in domestic animals and is, at least in calves, also able to induce respiratory disease. knowledge about transmission routes in cattle herds is still deficient, and nothing is known about differences in host response after either experimental or natural exposure to c. psittaci. therefore, our recently developed respiratory infection model was expl ... | 2013 | 23691148 |
| microbiologic findings in acute facial palsy in children. | microbiologic causes of facial palsy in children were investigated. | 2013 | 23657208 |
| prevalence and genotype distribution of chlamydia psittaci in feral canada geese (branta canadensis) in belgium. | chlamydia psittaci is a zoonotic pathogen with a wide range of avian hosts and worldwide geographical spread. zoonotic transfer occurs by inhalation or direct contact and may cause psittacosis or parrot disease. host reservoirs of particular epidemiological interest include gregarious or migratory species, as colonial behavior facilitates microbial spread amongst conspecifics and a migratory ecology permits disperse over a wide geographic region. the current study detected c. psittaci antibodies ... | 2013 | 23654298 |
| comparative analysis of chlamydia psittaci genomes reveals the recent emergence of a pathogenic lineage with a broad host range. | chlamydia psittaci is an obligate intracellular bacterium. interest in chlamydia stems from its high degree of virulence as an intestinal and pulmonary pathogen across a broad range of animals, including humans. c. psittaci human pulmonary infections, referred to as psittacosis, can be life-threatening, which is why the organism was developed as a bioweapon in the 20th century and is listed as a cdc biothreat agent. one remarkable recent result from comparative genomics is the finding of frequen ... | 2013 | 23532978 |
| a real-time pcr assay for the detection of atypical strains of chlamydiaceae from pigeons. | recent evidence of the occurrence of atypical chlamydiaceae strains in pigeons, different from the established chlamydiaceae, requires the development of a specific and rapid detection tool to investigate their prevalence and significance. here is described a new real-time pcr assay that allows specific detection of atypical chlamydiaceae from pigeons. the assay has been used to assess the dissemination of these strains in field samples collected from parisian pigeon populations in 2009. the res ... | 2013 | 23516548 |
| chlamydophila psittaci infections in hyacinth macaws (anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) confiscated in brazil. | the hyacinth macaw (anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) is the largest species of psittacine birds. it is considered endangered and illegal trade is one of the main factors involved in its decline. in this study, 26 hyacinth macaws maintained under poor husbandry conditions and destined for the illegal trade were confiscated in são paulo state, brazil. these birds were evaluated for the presence of antibodies against chlamydophila psittaci by complement fixation test and c. psittaci dna by seminested po ... | 2013 | 23505721 |
| salmonella, campylobacter, and chlamydophila in bald ibis (geronticus eremita) feces in turkey. | the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., and chlamydophila psittaci in fecal samples of bald ibises (geronticus eremita) housed in a conservation facility in turkey. a total of 82 fecal samples were collected from cages and evaluated by bacteriologic methods and a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique for campylobacter spp. and salmonella spp. and by pcr for c. psittaci. campylobacter spp. were isolated from 24 of 82 fecal samples (29.2%). ... | 2013 | 23505699 |
| biased immunoglobulin light chain use in the chlamydophila psittaci negative ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphomas. | ocular adnexal mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas (oamaltl) are the most common lymphomas of the eye. the potential roles for specific antigens in these lymphomas are still controversial. previously we examined ighv usage and mutations in chlamydophila (c) psittaci-negative oamaltl, demonstrating biased use of the ighv4 family and ighv4-34 gene and evidence for antigen selection. herein, we examined the igkv/iglv gene usage and mutations in 34 c. psittaci-negative oamaltl originating fr ... | 2013 | 23418012 |
| an outbreak of chlamydophila psittaci in an outdoor colony of magellanic penguins (spheniscus magellanicus). | an outbreak of chlamydophila psittaci occurred in an outdoor colony of 63 magellanic penguins (spheniscus magellanicus) at the san francisco zoo. affected penguins presented with inappetence, lethargy, and light green urates. hematologic and serum biochemical findings were consistent with chronic inflammation. penguins did not respond to initial supportive and antimicrobial therapy, and 3 died. necropsy results of the 3 birds revealed hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, and histologic lesions include ... | 2012 | 23409434 |
| genome sequence of chlamydia psittaci strain 01dc12 originating from swine. | chlamydia psittaci is the etiological agent of psittacosis and is a zoonotic pathogen infecting birds and a variety of mammalian hosts. here we report the genome sequence of the porcine strain 01dc12 which is representative of a novel clade of c. psittaci belonging to ompa genotype e. | 2013 | 23405306 |
| chlamydia psittaci in swedish wetland birds: a risk to zoonotic infection? | chlamydia psittaci in birds may be transmitted to humans and cause respiratory infections, sometimes as severe disease. our study investigated the c. psittaci prevalence in migratory birds in sweden by real-time pcr. fecal specimens or cloacal swabs were collected from 497 birds from 22 different species, mainly mallards (anas platyrhynchos), at two bird observatories in sweden. dna from c psittaci was found in six (1.2%) birds from three different species. five of the positive specimens were in ... | 2012 | 23397847 |
| pcr-based diagnosis, molecular characterization and detection of atypical strains of avian chlamydia psittaci in companion and wild birds. | chlamydiosis is one of the most important infectious diseases of birds. in this study, 253 clinical samples were taken from 27 bird species belonging to seven orders. thirty-two (12.6%) samples were positive for chlamydia psittaci major outer membrane gene (ompa) dna by a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr). twelve nested pcr-positive specimens were typed by ompa gene-based pcr-restricted fragment length polymorphism, using ctu/ctl primers and alui restriction enzyme. four restriction pattern ... | 2013 | 23391180 |
| epidemiological survey for toxoplasma gondii, chlamydia psittaci var. ovis, mycobacterium paratuberculosis, coxiella burnetii, brucella spp., leptospirosis and orf virus among sheep from northern districts of japan. | a serological survey was carried out in the northern prefectures of hokkaido, iwate and aomori in japan, for the presence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii, chlamydiapsittaci var. ovis, mycobacterium paratuberculosis, coxiella burnetii, brucella spp., leptospirosis and orf virus (orfv). out of 267 samples tested, highest overall prevalence (28.78%) was found for t. gondii. the 12.59% of tested sheep were positive for c. psittaci var. ovis. a total of 8.67% were found to be seropositive for ... | 2013 | 23318575 |
| [the dynamics of detection of antibodies class g against chlamydia pneumoniae and chlamydia psittaci in blood serum of patients of different age groups]. | the detection of antibodies class g in blood serum of patients of different age groups was carried out in 2005-2010. the analysis permitted to establish the peak of activity of chlamydiae infection in 2006 and increase of activity of morbidity in 2010. | 2012 | 23305020 |
| avian botulism and avian chlamydiosis in wild water birds, benton lake national wildlife refuge, montana, usa. | in 1999, the u.s. geological survey (usgs) national wildlife health center, madison, wisconsin, conducted a diagnostic investigation into a water bird mortality event involving intoxication with avian botulism type c and infection with avian chlamydiosis at the benton lake national wildlife refuge in montana, usa. of 24 carcasses necropsied, 11 had lesions consistent with avian chlamydiosis, including two that tested positive for infectious chlamydophila psittaci, and 12 were positive for avian ... | 2012 | 23272358 |
| dose-dependent effects of chlamydia psittaci infection on pulmonary gas exchange, innate immunity and acute-phase reaction in a bovine respiratory model. | the respiratory pathogen chlamydia psittaci naturally occurs in bovine herds and was recently shown to impair calf health in a dose-dependent manner. the aim of this study was to determine whether the functional consequences and immunological reactions of infection were dose related by quantifying the consequences of acute respiratory chlamydial infection on respiratory signs, disturbances of pulmonary gas exchange, response of the innate immune system, and acute-phase reaction. fourteen calves ... | 2013 | 23265868 |
| evidence of zoonotic chlamydophila psittaci transmission in a population at risk in zulia state, venezuela. | this study was aimed at investigating the frequency of infection by cp. psittaci and determining its genotype in individuals at potential risk of exposure to the bacteria. | 2012 | 23250373 |
| first detection of chlamydia psittaci from a wild native passerine bird in new zealand. | to undertake disease surveillance for chlamydia psittaci in native birds as part of a pilot study to examine pathogen diversity on hauturu-o-toi/little barrier island. to retrospectively review the massey university post-mortem database to determine previous cases of avian chlamydiosis in new zealand. | 2013 | 23227890 |
| full genome sequences of all nine chlamydia psittaci genotype reference strains. | chlamydia psittaci primarily infects birds, but zoonotic transmission occurs in people in close contact with infected birds. the clinical outcome ranges from inapparent disease to pneumonia. here we report the genome sequences of all 9 chlamydia psittaci genotype reference strains. | 0 | 23209198 |
| detection and identification of chlamydophila psittaci in asymptomatic parrots in poland. | psittacosis, an avian disease caused by chlamydophila psittaci, can manifest as an acute, protracted, or chronic illness, but can also be asymptomatic. c. psittaci can persist in the host for months to years, often without causing obvious illness, and therefore poses a threat for zoonotic outbreak. we investigated the prevalence of c. psittaci from 156 tracheal swab samples from 34 different species of parrots in poland, and determined the genotype of strains from the positive samples. | 2012 | 23206592 |
| protective efficacy against chlamydophila psittaci by oral immunization based on transgenic rice expressing momp in mice. | avian chlamydiosis is caused by chlamydophila psittaci (cp. psittaci) and major outer membrane protein (momp) of cp. psittaci is an excellent vaccine candidate. in this study, the momp gene was expressed in rice callus by the agrobacterium tumefaciens vector. the production of protein in transgenic rice seeds was confirmed and quantified by western-blot and elisa, the results demonstrating that the antigen was expressed stably. the transgenic rice seeds expressing the momp protein were administe ... | 2013 | 23196208 |
| a new role of the complement system: c3 provides protection in a mouse model of lung infection with intracellular chlamydia psittaci. | the complement system modulates the intensity of innate and specific immunity. while it protects against infections by extracellular bacteria its role in infection with obligate intracellular bacteria, such as the avian and human pathogen chlamydia (c.) psittaci, is still unknown. in the present study, knockout mice lacking c3 and thus all main complement effector functions were intranasally infected with c. psittaci strain dc15. clinical parameters, lung histology, and cytokine levels were dete ... | 2012 | 23189195 |
| [study of prevalence of rare and difficult to cultivate causative agents of inflammatory diseases of respiratory organs]. | study the prevalence of mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydophila pneumoniae, chlamydophila psittaci, legionella pneumophila, moraxella catarrhalis, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex i/ii virus (hsv i/ii) in individuals of various age groups with varying inflammatory broncho-pulmonary diseases. | 2012 | 23163026 |
| a novel co-infection model with toxoplasma and chlamydia trachomatis highlights the importance of host cell manipulation for nutrient scavenging. | toxoplasma and chlamydia trachomatis are obligate intracellular pathogens that have evolved analogous strategies to replicate within mammalian cells. both pathogens are known to extensively remodel the cytoskeleton, and to recruit endocytic and exocytic organelles to their respective vacuoles. however, how important these activities are for infectivity by either pathogen remains elusive. here, we have developed a novel co-infection system to gain insights into the developmental cycles of toxopla ... | 2013 | 23107293 |
| emerging chlamydia psittaci infections in the chicken industry and pathology of chlamydia psittaci genotype b and d strains in specific pathogen free chickens. | sera of 30 belgian and 10 northern french chicken farms were tested by a chlamydia (c.) psittaci major outer membrane protein (momp) based elisa. ninety-six percent, 93% and 90% of the belgian broilers, broiler breeders and layers were seropositive. ninety-one percent of the french broilers were seropositive. in addition, tissues of 5 belgian and 5 french broiler farms were examined at slaughter. all french farms were culture positive while c. psittaci was cultured from the lungs of 80% of exami ... | 2013 | 23098816 |
| fine needle cytology, infectious diseases and non-hodgkin lymphoma. | the association between some infections and non-hodgkin lymphomas (nhl) is well known. human t-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1 (htlv-1) was the first oncogenic human retrovirus to be discovered and has been found to be associated with adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma (atll). epstein-barr virus (ebv) has consistently been linked to both endemic and sporadic burkitt lymphoma (bl), as well as to hodgkin lymphoma (hl), post-transplantation proliferative disorders, extra-nodal nk-t-cell lymphoma (n ... | 2012 | 23069693 |
| characterization of the activity and expression of arginine decarboxylase in human and animal chlamydia pathogens. | chlamydia pneumoniae encodes a functional arginine decarboxylase (argdc), aaxb, that activates upon self-cleavage and converts l-arginine to agmatine. in contrast, most chlamydia trachomatis serovars carry a missense or nonsense mutation in aaxb abrogating activity. the g115r missense mutation was not predicted to impact aaxb functionality, making it unclear whether aaxb variations in other chlamydia species also result in enzyme inactivation. to address the impact of gene polymorphism on functi ... | 2012 | 23043454 |
| detection of the ompa gene of chlamydophila pecorum in captive birds in argentina. | bacteria belonging to the family chlamydiaceae cause a broad spectrum of diseases in a wide range of hosts, including humans, other mammals and birds. however, very little is known about chlamydial infections in birds in our region. in the present study, we examined 28 clinically normal birds in illegal captivity that were confiscated in the province of c6rdoba, argentina. the objective was to detect chlamydophila spp. in cloacal swabs by genetic analysis of the ompa gene. nested-pcr of the ompa ... | 2012 | 22997762 |
| chlamydia psittaci in birds of prey, sweden. | chlamydia psittaci is an intracellular bacterium primarily causing respiratory diseases in birds but may also be transmitted to other animals, including humans. the prevalence of the pathogen in wild birds in sweden is largely unknown. | 2012 | 22957128 |
| genotyping of c. psittaci in central area of argentina. | in central area of argentina, the epidemiologic and molecular characteristics of chlamydophila psittaci infections are still unknown. nested polymerase chain reaction of domains ii, iii, and iv of the omp a gene was used to detect chlamydophila in 43 pharyngeal swab samples from patients with suspected human psittacosis (2010-2011); 9 (21%) of them yielded positive results. molecular typing was performed by direct sequencing demonstrating the presence of c. psittaci genotypes a, e/b, and wc. | 2012 | 22917583 |
| chlamydophila psittaci eradication with doxycycline as first-line targeted therapy for ocular adnexae lymphoma: final results of an international phase ii trial. | the pathogenic association between chlamydophila psittaci (cp) and ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphoma (oamzl) and the efficacy of doxycycline monotherapy have been investigated in retrospective series with variations in stage, management, and follow-up duration. to our knowledge, this is the first international phase ii trial aimed at clarifying cp prevalence and activity of first-line doxycycline in a homogeneous series of consecutive patients with newly diagnosed stage i oamzl. | 2012 | 22802315 |
| myeloradiculitis with meningoencephalopathy and optic neuritis in a case of previous chlamydia psittaci infection. | we present a case of optic neuritis and myelo-radiculopathy as a late association following chlamydia psittaci infection. a 45-year-old female patient with a prior history of c psittaci pneumonia and subsequent reactive arthritis presented to the neurology unit with severe headache, constitutional symptoms and monocular disturbance in vision. clinical examination revealed focal signs with brisk upper limb reflexes compared to lower limbs and mild left-sided pyramidal signs. systemic inflammatory ... | 2010 | 22802266 |
| chlamydiaceae in riverine buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and cows (bos taurus) in egypt with and without signs of reproductive disease. | to obtain information and compare the prevalence of chlamydiaceae in riverine buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and cows (bos taurus) in egypt with and without clinical signs of reproductive disease. | 2012 | 22712774 |
| molecular characterization of atypical chlamydia and evidence of their dissemination in different european and asian chicken flocks by specific real-time pcr. | chlamydia psittaci is a zoonotic pathogen associated primarily with avian chlamydiosis. new chlamydial agents with suspected zoonotic potential were recently detected from domestic poultry in germany and france indicating that the spectrum of chlamydiaceae encountered in birds is not confined to a single chlamydial species. for further characterization, a specific real-time pcr targeting the conserved 16s rrna gene was developed and validated for a specific detection of these atypical chlamydiac ... | 2012 | 22690809 |
| distinct intensity of host-pathogen interactions in chlamydia psittaci- and chlamydia abortus-infected chicken embryos. | factors and mechanisms determining the differences in virulence and host specificity between the zoonotic agents chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia abortus are still largely unknown. in the present study, two strains were compared for their invasiveness, virulence, and capability of eliciting an immune response in chicken embryos. on breeding day 10, embryonated chicken eggs were inoculated with 5 × 10(4) inclusion-forming units. as shown by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time pcr, c. ... | 2012 | 22689815 |
| psittacosis infection and tracheobronchomalacia in a patient undergoing thyroidectomy. | a 34-year-old woman with papillary thyroid carcinoma underwent total thyroidectomy with central and lateral lymphadenectomy. immediate airway compromise required re-intubation immediately after surgery. marked tracheal and bronchial collapse of greater than 50% of the lumen indicated tracheobronchomalacia. subsequent attempts at extubation failed over the next week. the patient soon developed evidence of a lower respiratory tract infection. empirical treatment with penicillins was unsuccessful. ... | 2011 | 22675091 |
| unilateral isolated extraocular muscle lymphoma. | the authors would like to present an unusual case of ocular adnexal, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, isolated to a single extraocular muscle. a 59-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of slowly progressive double vision, worse on elevation, for which her optometrist had given her prisms. a swollen left upper eyelid was present for 10 days. ct scan of the brain and orbits revealed a 3 cm × 1.5 cm mass arising from the region of the left superior rectus with no signs of bone ... | 2012 | 22669857 |
| evaluation of chlamydophila psittaci infection and other risk factors for atherosclerosis in pet psittacine birds. | to determine whether the presence of chlamydophila psittaci antigen, plasma cholesterol concentration, diet, sex, species, and age are risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis in pet psittacine birds. | 2012 | 22657931 |
| investigation of zoonotic infections among auckland zoo staff: 1991-2010. | investigation was undertaken to assess the occurrence of zoonotic infection among staff at auckland zoological park, new zealand, in 1991, 2002 and 2010. serial cross-sectional health surveys in 1991, 2002 and 2010 comprising a health questionnaire, and serological, immunological and microbiological analysis for a range of potential zoonotic infections were performed. laboratory results for zoo animals were also reviewed for 2004-2010 to assess the occurrence of potential zoonotic infections. ve ... | 2012 | 22639928 |
| development and application of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of borrelia burgdorferi s. l. in ticks. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay was developed to detect borrelia burgdorferi s. l. in ticks, which is a pathogen that causes lyme disease. cross-reactions with chlamydia psittaci, mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and some tick-borne pathogens were excluded. analytical sensitivity of lamp showed its detection limit was from 0.02 to 0.2 pg of dna in detection of the reference samples at 65°c for 40 min. the performance of lamp was assessed by testing 110 samples from suscepti ... | 2013 | 22587441 |
| prevalence of chlamydophila psittaci infections in the eyes of cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats in contact with a human population. | this work is an example of cooperation between veterinary and human medicine being fully complementary and at the same time, indispensable to improve our knowledge on animal chlamydiosis. this study investigated the existence of ocular chlamydiae and determined the prevalence of its presence, chlamydiosis, in asymptomatic and diseased farm animals and adjacent humans. data were obtained by the omp2 gene family chlamydiaceae-specific pcr. two hundred cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats and 44 huma ... | 2013 | 22584046 |
| detection of dna of chlamydophila psittaci in subjects with psoriasis: a casual or a causal link? | recent evidence indicates that subclinical infection by chlamydophila psittaci occurs in a significant percentage of patients with chronic inflammatory polyarthritis, including psoriatic arthritis. | 2012 | 22564212 |