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constructing chimeric type 12/type 5 adenovirus e1a genes and using them to identify an oncogenic determinant of adenovirus type 12.the e1a gene of highly oncogenic type 12 adenovirus (ad12) possesses a segment unique to this serotype and comprising 60 base pairs contiguous with and separating conserved regions 2 and 3 in the gene. a similar but slightly longer segment is also present in the e1a gene of highly oncogenic simian adenovirus type 7 (d. kimelman, j. s. miller, d. porter, and b. e. roberts, j. virol. 53:399-409, 1985). this segment is missing entirely from the e1a gene of type 5 adenovirus, which is nononcogenic. ...19948289390
negative regulation of the gene for h-2kb class i antigen by adenovirus 12-e1a is mediated by a caa repeated element.both positive and negative regulatory elements responsive to the product of the adenovirus type 12 e1a gene are located in the promoter region of the gene for mouse h-2kbm1 major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i antigen (1). we have analyzed the negative regulatory element that is affected by e1a and identified a target caa repeated motif, caa(a)caaa, within -1725 to -1705 and -1591 to -1568 in a 316-bp sequence located in the far upstream region of h-2kb promoter (-1837 to -1522; +1 ref ...19938262966
nucleotide sequence of human adenovirus type 12 dna: comparative functional analysis.a fresh inoculum of human adenovirus type 12 (ad12) was obtained from the american type culture collection and passaged once on human embryonic kidney cells, and ad12 dna was prepared from the first-passage yield to avoid higher passages which might have generated host-virus dna recombinants. the 18 psti fragments of ad12 dna were cloned into the pbluescript ks vector, and the entire nucleotide sequence of both strands from all 18 fragments was determined by using successive oligodeoxyribonucleo ...19948254750
selective sites of adenovirus (foreign) dna integration into the hamster genome: changes in integration patterns.we investigated whether, upon the integration of multiple copies of adenovirus type 12 (ad12) dna into an established mammalian (hamster) genome, the pattern of foreign dna insertion would remain stable or change with consecutive passages of cells in culture. by the injection of purified ad12 into newborn hamsters, tumors were induced, cells from these tumors were cultivated, and five independent cell lines, ht5, h201/2, h201/3, h271, and h281, were established. these cell lines carried differen ...19948254728
tissue-specific trans-activation of renin gene by targeted expression of adenovirus e1a in transgenic mice.we generated two transgenic mice carrying the adenovirus type 12 e1 region genes under control of the human renin promoter, in which the e1a and e1b genes were expressed predominantly in the kidney. interestingly, renal transcription of the gene for mouse renin was shown to be elevated at 28 and 40 folds as compared in those of control animals, but histone mrna levels were unchanged. although the transfected mouse renin promoter was promiscuously trans-activated by e1a in hela cells where the en ...19948123010
late transcripts of adenovirus type 12 dna are not translated in hamster cells expressing the e1 region of adenovirus type 5.hamster cells are completely nonpermissive for the replication of human adenovirus type 12 (ad12), whereas types 2 and 5 can replicate in hamster cells. the ad5-transformed hamster cell line bhk297-c131, which carries the left terminal 18.7% of the ad5 genome and expresses at least the viral e1a region, can somehow complement ad12 dna replication and the transcription of the late ad12 genes. since the interaction of ad12 with hamster cells must constitute a significant factor in the induction of ...19948057430
e1a oncogene of adenovirus-12 mediates trans-repression of mhc class i transcription in ad5/ad12 somatic hybrid transformed cells.reduction of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i antigens on the surface of adenovirus type 12 (ad12) transformed cells is thought to contribute to their tumorigenic potential. the e1a gene of ad12 mediates this effect by repressing the mhc class i transcriptional enhancer. by contrast, ad5-transformed cells are not blocked in class i gene expression and are nontumorigenic. because e1a proteins modulate transcription by interacting with several different cellular factors, we inqui ...19948053163
negative regulation by the r2 element of the mhc class i enhancer in adenovirus-12 transformed cells correlates with high levels of coup-tf binding.the transcriptional down-regulation of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i antigens in adenovirus type 12 (ad12) transformed cells gives them the potential to escape immunosurveillance and to form tumors. the enhancer of the class i promoter is the target of transcriptional repression which is mediated by the e1a gene of ad12. the r2 region within the class i enhancer acts as a negative element in ad12-transformed cells and exhibits a stronger binding activity than is observed in ...19948036004
transcription stimulation of the adenovirus type 12 e1a gene in vitro by the 266-amino-acid e1a protein.we previously showed that the 13s but not the 12s mrna product of the e1a gene of the highly oncogenic type 12 adenovirus (ad12) stimulates the expression of its own gene. in this study, the mechanism for the autoregulation of the ad12 e1a gene was investigated in vitro. the 266-amino-acid e1a protein of ad12 was synthesized in yeast cells and purified as a 57-kda polypeptide. the purified ad12 e1a protein stimulated transcription from the proximal promoter of its own gene but had almost no effe ...19948035506
neuroectodermal tumors expressing c-, l-, and n-myc in transgenic mice that carry the e1a/e1b gene of human adenovirus type 12.adenovirus early 1 (e1) region gene products, including e1a and e1b, are required for transformation of primary cultured rodent cells. in order to investigate in vivo action of the e1 region, we established a line of transgenic mice carrying the oncogenic e1a and e1b genes of human adenovirus type 12 under control of the human angiotensinogen promoter. histopathological analyses indicated that transgenic mice heritably develop neuroectodermal tumors arising from the pelvic region with varying de ...19947983069
antibody response to adenovirus e1b-derived synthetic peptides and serum levels of p53 in patients with gastrointestinal and other malignant lymphomas.serum levels of p53 and antipeptide antibody levels to adenovirus type 12 (ad12) e1b protein were measured in a case-control study of 62 newly diagnosed patients with malignant lymphoma. while patients with gastrointestinal lymphoma did not differ from their matched controls, p53 positive lymphoma patients had significantly (p < 0.04) increased antipeptide igg antibody levels to the ad12 e1b. concomitant detection of serum p53 and antipeptide antibodies to ad12 e1b was associated with an increas ...19947964649
altered host range phenotype of the transformation-defective ad12 mutant cs-1 is due to deletions in the e1 region.although it grows well in bulk infection, human adenovirus type 12 (ad12) does not plaque efficiently in vero cells of simian origin. after long-term passage of the virus or after transfection of ad12 dna into these cells, however, transformation-defective, host-range mutants giving high plaque yields in vero cells were isolated. the original mutants have deletions in both e1a and e1b as well as additions of viral sequences at the right terminus of the genome. we have constructed a recombinant v ...19947928288
adenovirus 12 and dermatitis herpetiformis.previous studies have shown that a-gliadin, a major gluten-derived peptide known to activate the gluten-sensitive enteropathy (gse) of coeliac disease (cd), and the non-structural e1b peptide produced during early lytic gastrointestinal infection with human adenovirus type 12 (ad12) share an identical twelve amino acid sequence. it is suggested that immunological cross reactivity between these two peptides may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cd. as a milder but histologically ident ...19937906454
a multimegabase cluster of snrna and trna genes on chromosome 1p36 harbours an adenovirus/sv40 hybrid virus integration site.adenovirus type 12 (ad12) induces gaps at chromosomal bands 1p36, 1q21, 1q42-43 and 17q21 after infection of human embryonic kidney cells. three of these bands harbour small nuclear rna genes or pseudogenes, but the study of a possible relationship has been hampered by the lytic character of adenovirus infection. a non-lytic ad5/sv40 hybrid virus preferentially integrates at 1p36 and the integration site has been cloned. chromosomal band 1p36 encodes genes for small nuclear rna u1 (rnu-1) and fo ...19947881409
activation of the nuclear oncogenes n-myc and c-jun in carcinoid [correction of cartinoid] tumors of transgenic mice carrying the human adenovirus type 12 e1 region gene.the adenovirus (ad) e1 region genes, e1a and e1b, are well known cooperatively to transform primary rodent cells and activate a number of cellular promoters, including nuclear oncogenes such as n-myc and c-jun, in transfected cell lines. however, there is still less information available on the in vivo mechanism(s) by which the e1 region gene, when chromosomally integrated in the living animals, exerts its effect on nuclear oncogene activation coupled with transformation. to investigate such in ...19957865136
cooperatively between an upstream tata-like sequence and a caa repeated element mediates e1a-dependent negative repression of the h-2kb class i gene.in primary rodent cells transformed by the e1a region of the highly oncogenic adenovirus type 12, repression of transcription mediated by the far upstream tata-like element was observed only in conjunction with either possible juxtaposition of a caa repeated element in the presence of e1a and was dependent upon the relative arrangement of both the tata-like and caa repeated motifs in both homologous and heterologous promoter constructs. a gel shift competition study demonstrated that the tata-bi ...19957836466
the initiation of de novo methylation of foreign dna integrated into a mammalian genome is not exclusively targeted by nucleotide sequence.the de novo methylation of foreign dna integrated into the mammalian genome is a fundamental process whose mechanism has not yet been elucidated. we have studied de novo methylation in adenovirus type 12 (ad12) genomes inserted into the genomes of ad12-induced hamster tumor cells. de novo methylation of ad12 dna, which is not methylated in the virion, is initiated in two paracentrally located regions and spreads from there across the integrated ad12 genomes. (i) after extensive cultivation of cl ...19957815498
chromosomal insertion of foreign (adenovirus type 12, plasmid, or bacteriophage lambda) dna is associated with enhanced methylation of cellular dna segments.insertion of foreign dna into an established mammalian genome can extensively alter the patterns of cellular dna methylation. adenovirus type 12 (ad12)-transformed hamster cells, ad12-induced hamster tumor cells, or hamster cells carrying integrated dna of bacteriophage lambda were used as model systems. dna methylation levels were examined by cleaving cellular dna with hpa ii, msp i, or hha i, followed by southern blot hybridization with 32p-labeled, randomly selected cellular dna probes. for s ...19957777540
repression of the c-jun trans-activation function by the adenovirus type 12 e1a 52r protein correlates with the inhibition of phosphorylation of the c-jun activation domain.the early region 1a 52r polypeptide, a protein expressed exclusively by the in vivo oncogenic adenovirus subtype 12, represses the trans-activating function of the cellular transcription factor complex ap-1 consisting of c-jun-c-jun homodimers. in this report we demonstrate that the repression in vivo correlates with a direct physical interaction of the adenovirus protein with c-jun in vitro. interestingly, the 52r protein binds to the bzip domain of c-jun essential for dimerization and dna bind ...19957738014
downregulation of mhc class i expression due to interference with p105-nf kappa b1 processing by ad12e1a.we have previously demonstrated that expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i genes is repressed in baby rat kidney cells transformed by early region 1 of oncogenic adenovirus type 12 (ad12e1). reduced expression of mhc class i antigens contributes to the escape of ad12-transformed cells from t-cell-mediated immune surveillance and to tumour induction. in this study, we show that repression of mhc class i expression by ad12e1a is mediated via the h2tf1 element of the mhc clas ...19957729425
antibodies to e1b protein-derived peptides of enteric adenovirus type 40 are associated with celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis.sera from 41 children with untreated celiac disease (cd), and 16 children with dermatitis herpetiformis (dh), and 57 matched controls were studied for serum antibodies to synthetic peptides derived from an early e1b protein of adenovirus type 12 and type 40 (ad12, ad40) and a-gliadin. in addition to peptides which share homology with a-gliadin, "nonhomologous" peptides derived from ad12 and ad40 e1b proteins were used as antigens in elisa. patients with cd and dh had significantly higher igg ant ...19937694817
altered phosphorylation and oligomerization of p53 in adenovirus type 12-transformed cells.loss of function of the tumor-suppressor protein p53 is, in general, either caused by mutation, inducing a conformational change, or by binding to inactivating cellular (e.g. mdm2) or viral (e.g. sv40 large t) proteins. in adenovirus type 12 (ad12)-transformed cells, p53 is stabilized without detectable binding to the ad12 e1b/54 kda protein and still present in a wild-type conformation but contains a mutant-like activity in cellular transformation. in this study we examined whether the changed ...19957624131
on the insertion of foreign dna into mammalian genomes: mechanism and consequences.we have studied the integration of adenovirus type 12 (ad12) dna in transformed and hamster tumor cells over many years. upon infection of hamster cells with ad12, viral dna has been found in association with hamster chromosomes, possibly in part integrated into the host genome. ad12 dna integration is not sequence specific. transcriptionally active sites of the host genome show a preponderance for foreign dna insertion. we are pursuing the mechanism of ad12 dna integrative recombination in a ce ...19957607499
distinct modulation of p53 activity in transcription and cell-cycle regulation by the large (54 kda) and small (21 kda) adenovirus e1b proteins.p53 can both stimulate transcription via the p53-consensus sequence as well as inhibit gene expression via caat-tata-sequences. certain viral and cellular proteins can abrogate the p53-dependent stimulation of transcription by physical association. in addition, it has been shown that the large e1b protein of adenovirus type 12 (ad12), e1b/54 kda, can block the transcription activation potential of p53, without binding to p53. here we show that this e1b/54-kda protein also can prevent the repress ...19957571424
the transcriptionally competent u2 gene is necessary and sufficient for adenovirus type 12 induction of the fragile site at 17q21-22.adenovirus type 12 induces four fragile sites upon infection of human cells. the u2 locus, consisting of up to 20 tandem repeats of a 5.8-kbp monomer, maps at the most sensitive of these sites at 17q21-22. we have previously shown that an artificial u2 locus integrated into the human genome generates a new virus-induced fragile site. to determine which elements within the u2 monomer are responsible for fragility, we constructed loci consisting of tandem repeats of subfragments of the u2 monomer. ...19957565778
adenovirus type 12-induced fragility of the human rnu2 locus requires u2 small nuclear rna transcriptional regulatory elements.infection of human cells with oncogenic adenovirus type 12 (ad12) induces four specific chromosome fragile sites. remarkably, three of these sites appear to colocalize with tandem arrays of genes encoding small, abundant, ubiquitously expressed structural rnas--the rnu1 locus encoding u1 small nuclear rna (snrna), the rnu2 locus encoding u2 snrna, and the rn5s locus encoding 5s rrna. recently, an artificial tandem array of the natural 5.8-kb u2 repeat unit has been shown to generate a new ad12-i ...19957565777
regulation of viral and cellular gene expression by e1a proteins encoded by the oncogenic adenovirus type 12. 19957555085
the complete nucleotide sequence of the dna of human adenovirus type 12. 19957555068
heritable formation of neuroectodermal tumor in transgenic mice carrying the combined e1 region gene of adenovirus type 12 with the deregulated human renin promoter.adenovirus early 1 (e1) region gene products, including e1a and e1b, are required for transcriptional regulation of viral and cellular promoters in infected and transfected culture cells and for transformation of primary rodent cells. here, we established a line of transgenic mice carrying the e1 region gene of human adenovirus type 12 under the control of the human renin promoter, in which a neuroectodermal tumor derived from retroperitoneal, olfactory, and/or pelvic regions was heritably devel ...19957542254
vitronectin receptor antibodies inhibit infection of hela and a549 cells by adenovirus type 12 but not by adenovirus type 2.the penton base gene from adenovirus type 12 (ad12) was sequenced and encodes a 497-residue polypeptide, 74 residues shorter than the penton base from ad2. the ad2 and ad12 proteins are highly conserved at the amino- and carboxy-terminal ends but diverge radically in the central region, where 63 residues are missing from the ad12 sequence. conserved within this variable region is the sequence arg-gly-asp (rgd), which, in the ad2 penton base, binds to integrins in the target cell membrane, enhanc ...19947520097
in vitro transformation of rat brain cells by human adenovirus type 12.in vitro transformation of brain cells cultured from various age rats by human adenovirus type 12 (ad-12) was studied. in cultured brain cells, five cell types could be identified light microscopically. in astrocytes, ac-2 and ac-1, astroprotein was demonstrated by immunofluorescence technique. in the former, intracytoplasmic microfilaments were recognized by electron microscopy. undifferentiated cells (ud), ependymoglioblasts (egb) and ac-1, grew prominently in cultures from young animals or of ...19807446121
in vitro translation of adenovirus type 12-specific mrna complementary to the transforming gene. 19807445435
stimulation of dna synthesis by an adenovirus type 12 t antigen fraction containing protein kinase activity and encapsulated in liposomes. 19807445429
revertants of adenovirus type 12-transformed hamster cell line t637 as tools in the analysis of integration patterns.spontaneously arising morphological revertants of the adenovirus type 12 (ad12)-transformed hamster cell line t637 had been previously isolated, and it had been demonstrated that in these revertants varying amounts of the integrated ad12 genome were eliminated from the host genome. in this report, the patterns of persistence of the viral genome in the revertants were analyzed in detail. in some of the revertant cell lines, f10, tr3, and tr7, all copies of ad12 dna integrated in line t637 were lo ...19807441824
integration sites of adenovirus type 12 dna in transformed hamster cells and hamster tumor cells.the patterns and sites of integration of adenovirus type 12 (ad12) dna were determined in three lines of ad12-transformed hamster cells and in two lines of ad12-induced hamster tumor cells. the results of a detailed analysis can be summarized as follows. (i) all cell lines investigated contained multiple copies (3 to 22 genome equivalents per cell in different lines) of the entire ad12 genome. in addition, fragments of ad12 dna also persisted separately in non-stoichiometric amounts. (ii) all ad ...19807441821
retinal tumor induced in the baboon by human adenovirus 12.three of 21 newborn baboons injected intraocularly with human adenovirus type 12 developed an intravitreal mass 12 to 36 months later. two of the masses were indistinguishable from human retinoblastoma, a retinal tumor that afflicts children. to our knowledge this is the first time a retinoblastoma-like tumor has been induced experimentally by adenovirus type 12 in a nonhuman primate.19807434012
structure of two adenovirus type 12 transforming polypeptides and their evolutionary implications.the human adenoviruses are classified according to their nucleotide sequence homology and their oncogenic potential in rodents. the left-hand end of the genome of the adenovirus types 5 (ad5), 7 (ad7) and 12 (ad12), which are respectively, non-oncogenic (subgroup c), weakly oncogenic (subgroup b) and highly oncogenic (subgroup a), contains all the genetic information needed to induce and maintain the transformed phenotype. this part of the genome contains the early transcription unit designated ...19807432516
identification and mapping of the early gene products of adenovirus type 12. 19807423859
phenotypic characterization of adenovirus type 12 temperature-sensitive mutants in productive infection and transformation.eleven temperature-sensitive mutants of adenovirus type 12, capable of forming plaques in human cells at 33 c but not at 39.5 c, were isolated from a stock of a wild-type strain after treatment with either nitrous acid or hydroxylamine. complementation tests in doubly infected human cells permitted a tentative assignment of eight of these mutants to six complementation groups. temperature-shift experiments revealed that one mutant is affected early and most of the other mutants are affected late ...19807412597
adenovirus type 12-induced rat tumor cells of neuroepithelial origin: persistence and expression of the viral genome.four cell lines derived from adenovirus type 12-induced rat brain tumors were studied. the polyploid cells displayed neuroepithelial characteristics and were transplantable into syngeneic rats and nude mice. in tissue culture the cells grew in monolayers and multilayers. a very high saturation density was reached, and the cells plated in agar and were easily agglutinated with low concentrations of concanavalin a. between 2 and 11 copies of the viral genome per diploid cellular genome were detect ...19807365869
persistent infection of muntiacus muntjak cells with adenovirus type 2 and abortive infection with adenovirus type 12. 19807355579
degradation of intracellular dna in kb cells infected with cyt mutants of human adenovirus type 12.a group of mutants (cyt mutants) with much reduced oncogenicity was isolated from the highly oncogenic human adenovirus type 12 (takemori et al., virology 36: 575-586, 1968). these mutants induce extensive cellular destruction during lytic infection of human cells and produce low yields of virions. we report here that human kb cells infected with cyt mutants synthesized a reduced amount of viral dna as compared with cells infected with the parental virus. furthermore, the newly synthesized viral ...19817288923
expression of viral dna in adenovirus type 12-transformed cells, in tumor cells, and in revertants.the expression as cytoplasmic rna of integrated human adenovirus type 12 (ad12) dna in transformed and tumor cell lines and in revertants was investigated. the transformed and tumor cells contained multiple copies of the viral genome, 3 to 22 copies per cell in different cell lines. the integrated ad12 dna molecules persisted intact or nearly intact and in most cases colinear with the virion dna. in the revertant cell lines, which were derived from cell line t637 (22 copies of ad12 dna per cell) ...19817288917
mutants of adenovirus type 12 after adaptation to growth in tumor cell lines. ii. reproducible acquisition of additional sequences after adaptation to a human cervical cancer line.adaptation of adenovirus type 12 to growth in a human cervical cancer line (c4/1) results in the reproducible selection of viral mutants carrying additional dna sequences at the right-hand end of the genome which range in size from 190 to 400 base pairs. the viral mutants have selective growth advantage in comparison to the non-affected wild type, even after subsequent passages in human kb cells, commonly used for adenovirus propagation. detailed restriction endonuclease analysis of one of the m ...19817287212
characterization of a parvovirus strain isolated from human adenovirus type 12.a parvovirus strain was isolated from type 12 human adenovirus. the parvovirus multiplied without helper virus in hep-2 cell cultures, while its multiplication was enhanced by type 12 and type 18 adenoviruses. haemagglutinating infective virions as well as soluble haemagglutinins were demonstrated by ultracentrifugation and gel filtration. virus haemagglutination inhibiting antibodies were found in the sera of healthy rats, whereas sera of healthy persons did not contain antibodies. the parvovir ...19817257875
identification of polypeptide components of adenovirus type 12 tumor antigen from productively and abortively infected cells and from tumor cells. 19817257190
adenovirus type 12 gene 401 function and temperature sensitivity of cytochalasin b effects on transformed cells.rat (3y1) cells transformed by wild-type adenovirus type 12 or the temperature-sensitive mutant ts401 with an active function required for transformation maintenance were exposed at the permissive(36 degrees) or nonpermissive (40 degrees) temperature to cytochalasin b (cb). at 40 degrees, the ts401-transformed cells, but not the wild-type transformants, exhibited, at least partially, the untransformed 3y1 cell phenotype; most of the cells became bi- and trinucleated and dna synthesis was inhibit ...19807251331
chromosomal alterations of rat cell lines transformed by human adenovirus type-12 virion, whole dna and left-end dna fragments.a normal rat cell line, 3y1-b clone 1-6 (3y1) and its adenovirus (ad) type-12-transformed derivatives, w4 (transformed by ad12 virion), wy3 (transformed by ad12 whole dna), cy1-1 (transformed by the ad12 ecori-c fragment, left 16.5%), gy1-1 (transformed by the ad12 hindiii-g fragment, left 6.8%) and hy1 (transformed by the ad12 acd-h fragment, left 4.7%) were studied cytogenetically. 3y1 and some of the transformed cell lines (w4, wy3 and gy1-1) were diploid or pseudodiploid, while others (cy1-1 ...19807251222
complementation of adenovirus type 5 host range mutants by adenovirus type 12 in coinfected hela and bhk-21 cells.we have studied the ability of adenovirus type 12 (ad12) to complement the ad5 transformation-defective host rang (hr) mutants during infection of human cells (hela) or hamster cells (bhk-21). the group i mutant hr3 (mapped within 1.3 to 3.7 map units), which is incapable of synthesizing viral dna, was complemented for both dna synthesis and infectious virus production in nonpermissive hela cells during coinfection with ad12. similarly, the group ii mutant hr6 (6.1 to 9.4 map units), which does ...19817241651
adenovirus type-12 tumor antigen. iii. tumorigenicity and immune response to syngeneic rat cells transformed with virions and isolated transforming fragment of adenovirus 12 dna. 19807239714
close association of virus-specific cell surface and h-2 antigens in ad12-infected and -transformed mouse cells.a virus-specific cell surface (s) antigen in adenovirus type 12 (ad12)-transformed mouse cells has been assumed to be a direct target for cytotoxic thymus derived lymphocytes (ctl). in this study, the spatial proximity between the s and h-2 antigens was determined by three different methods, the proximity and co-capping tests, and the test for blocking of ctl-mediated lysis by anti-h-2 serum. in the proximity test with ad12-infected thymic and splenic lymphocytes, and an ad12-transformed line of ...19817231218
terminal rearrangements in the genome of adenovirus type 12 mutants adapted to growth in two human tumor cell lines. 19827199778
the adenovirus type 12 - mouse cell system: permissivity and analysis of integration patterns of viral dna in tumor cells.the integration patterns of persisting adenovirus type 12 (ad12) dna were analyzed in two ad12-induced tumors of balb/c and cba/j mice and in one tumor cell line derived from an ad12-induced retinoblastoma of c3h origin. in all three tumors the ad12 genome was integrated colinearly and various copy numbers of viral dna were found. analysis of the ad12 integration patterns revealed relatively simple offsize band patterns regardless of ad12 copy numbers. the degree of methylation at the 5'-ccgg-3' ...19827188349
tumor induction by human adenovirus type 12 in hamsters: loss of the viral genome from adenovirus type 12-induced tumor cells is compatible with tumor formation.the patterns of integration of adenovirus type 12 (ad12) dna in 39 virus-induced hamster tumors were determined. both the amount of ad12 dna persisting and the apparent sites of insertion differed from tumor to tumor. in 30 tumors, the intact ad12 genome persisted in colinear arrangement and in multiple copies. in nine tumors, only the left- or the left- and right-hand parts of the ad12 genome persisted in the tumor cells. in three other cell lines the ad12 genomes were lost completely during co ...19827188179
dna from the a6s/2 crown gall tumor contains scrambled ti-plasmid sequences near its junctions with plant dna.the a6s/2 tumor incited on tobacco by agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring the octopine-type a6 ti plasmid contains one insert of ti-plasmid sequences (the t dna). this 13 kb insert is derived from a colinear sequence in the ti plasmid (the t region) and becomes attached to plant dna in the nucleus of the host cell. we have determined the dna sequence encompassing the left end of the t region of the a6 ti plasmid and the corresponding portion of the a6s/2 t dna. the two sequences are identical fo ...19827151163
adenovirus-cell interactions early after infection: in vitro characteristics and tumourigenicity of adenovirus type 2-transformed rat liver epithelial cells.cloned rat liver epithelial cells (clone c3) were semi-permissive for adenovirus type 2 (ad-2) and non-permissive for adenovirus type 12 (ad-12). ad-2-infected c3 cells were shown to produce hexon and fibre protein, but at an m.o.i. of 20 a maximum virus yield of only 2.4 p.f.u. per cell was obtained. forty-eight h after infection with ad-12 'early' virus proteins (major species 8k and 60k), but no 'late' proteins (virus structural proteins) could be identified. of six ad-2-transformed epithelia ...19827150405
adenovirus type 12-transformed rat embryo brain and rat liver epithelial cell lines: adenovirus type 12 genome content and viral protein expression.by southern blotting analysis, six adenovirus type 12 (ad-12)-transformed rat embryo brain cell lines and one ad-12-transformed rat liver epithelial line were shown to contain all or nearly all the ad-12 genome. another ad-12 rat liver epithelial cell line contained a repeating structure consisting of only the left-hand 16% of the ad-12 genome. three ad-12-specified proteins (molecular weights, 52,000, 41,000, and 18,000) were found by immunoprecipitation to be common to all of these cell lines. ...19827143581
identification of adenovirus-type 12 gene products involved in transformation and oncogenesis. 19827135830
[viral sequences in the genomes of rat and hamster cells transformed by simian adenovirus sa7(c8) and its dna].four cell lines transformed by simian adenovirus sa7 and its dna were analysed by means of molecular hybridization. content of viral dna sequences in different lines varied from 10% (the left end) of the molecule to the entire genomes. transcription of the d bglii fragment (coordinates 1.8--10) was observed in all examined lines. the integration type of highly oncogenic simian adenovirus sa7 dna differed from the pattern of integration of the highly oncogenic human adenovirus type 12 and was sim ...19827099153
mapping of an adenovirus function involved in the inhibition of dna degradation.a function involved in the inhibition of dna degradation has been assigned through complementation tests to a product of region e1b of the adenovirus genome (between 4.5 and 10.5 map units). dna degradation induced by the adenovirus type 12 (ad12) cyt mutant h12cyt70 and the ad5 early deletion mutant dl313 (with the deletion between 3.5 and 10.7 map units) was inhibited by coinfection with ad5 region e1a (between 0 and 4.5 map units) mutants dl312 and hr1 and region e1b mutant hr6. the defect of ...19827097865
expression of early viral gene products in adenovirus type 12-infected and -transformed cells.we have analysed early viral gene products expressed in adenovirus type 12 (ad12)-infected cells as well as in two ad12-transformed hamster cell lines, and ad12-induced rat tumour cell lines by cell-free translation of virus-specific rna which was selected by hybridization to cloned restriction endonuclease fragments of virus dna. proteins synthesized in vitro were analysed by one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. it was found that rna encoded by early region e1a directs the synthesis of ...19827097253
virus-specific proteins in adenovirus type 12-transformed and tumour cells as detected by immunoprecipitation.adenovirus type 12 (ad12)-specific proteins were determined in nine well-characeterized ad12-transformed hamster cell lines and in ad12-induced hamster and rat tumour lines by immunoprecipitation, gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. all cell lines expressed a 60k mol. wt. polypeptide. in several cell lines, the presence of a 58k mol. wt. protein could also be demonstrated by these techniques. smaller ad12-specific proteins could be detected only in the ad12-transformed hamster cell lines ha ...19827077303
adenovirus type 12 t antigen-related surface antigen detected by immunofluorescence on the membrane of transformed and infected cells. 19827039089
tumorigenicity and in vitro characteristics of rat liver epithelial cells and their adenovirus-transformed derivatives.cloned and uncloned epithelial cultures were established from the liver of a 3-week-old as rat. these epithelial cultures were neither tumorigenic nor did they display anchorage-independent growth. one of the clones was cytogenetically normal after 53 in vitro passages (approximately 200 population doublings after cloning). eight transformed lines were isolated from the liver epithelial cells after infection with adenovirus type 12 (ad-12). five of these produced typical ad12 t-antigen, whereas ...19806989767
analysis of the dna-terminal protein from different serotypes of human adenovirus.the dna-terminal proteins from adenovirus type 12, type 3, and type 5 were analyzed after labeling in vitro with 125i by the chloramine t method, and were shown to be serotype specific. we also studied the kinetics of cleavage by alkali of the terminal protein-dna linkage and showed that the half-time of cleavage with either 0.1 m naoh or 0.5 m piperidine at 37 degree c is about 15 to 30 min. the substitution of the volatile base piperidine for naoh in this procedure provided a useful tool for r ...19816895236
analysis of retinoblastoma for human adenovirus type 12 genome.adenovirus type 12 has high oncogenic potential in newborn rodents. moreover, adenovirus 12 induces retinoblastoma-like tumours in baboons and transforms in vitro human embryo retinoblasts. since adenovirus-transformed cells contain adenovirus transforming gene sequences, the detection of adenovirus 12 transforming gene in tumour cell dna can provide evidence for or against a possible aetiological role of adenovirus 12 in retinoblastoma. in this experiment, cell dnas from six retinoblastomas wer ...19836884778
mrna species and proteins of adenovirus type 12 transforming regions: identification of proteins translated from multiple coding stretches in 2.2 kb region 1b mrna in vitro and in vivo.analysis of cytoplasmic rna in ad12-infected and -transformed cells showed that more than 20 mrna species are transcribed from regions 1a and 1b. these mrna species could be classified into four classes according to the extent to which they were expressed in infected and transformed cells under various conditions. the proteins synthesized from the major species of each of these mrnas were identified by in vitro translation. in region 1a, the 40k (and 38k) proteins were synthesized from three mrn ...19836868368
demonstration of stepwise coiling of nucleoprotein in adenovirus core by application of critical point drying.mild destruction of a virus particle to observe the organized structure of the nucleoprotein complex in a virion was achieved by application of the critical point drying method. adenovirus type 12 (ad12) virions have been treated by this method after the particles had been fixed with glutaraldehyde on an electron microscope grid. with 15 min prefixation, the capsids (shells) and the cores were in various stages of unfolding. the core was unfolded in the filamentous structure. the thickness of th ...19836863465
leakage of cellular enzyme during replication of oncogenic and nononcogenic adenoviruses.leakage of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase was monitored as an indicator of cell damage during a 48-hour period in which maximum virus replication occurred. there was increased leakage of the enzyme from hep-2 cells infected with highly oncogenic adenovirus type 12. leakage from cells infected with adenovirus types 18 and 31 (highly oncogenic), types 3,7 and 14 (weakly oncogenic), and types 1, 2 and 5 (nononcogenic) was similar to that from uninfected hep-2 cells, even after the appearance of a ...19836860150
analysis of sequences of simian adenovirus sa7 (c8) dna in transformed rat cells and hamster tumour cells.different methods of molecular hybridization were used to study dna sequences of the highly oncogenic simian adenovirus sa7 (c8) present in the genomes of two transformed rat cell lines and in cells from three hamster tumours induced by adenovirus sa7. the entire dna or the left-hand terminal sali c fragment (19.5% of the genome) were employed. all cell lines retained an intact left-hand region of the sa7 genome (0 to 12.4 map units). the blot hybridization technique failed to detect any site sp ...19836854272
chemotherapeutic response of tumor derived from human adenovirus 12--induced retinal tumor cell line in syngeneic cdf (f 344) rats.the effect of two anticancer agents, vincristine (vcr) and cyclophosphamide (ctx), on an established cell line (exp-5) derived from human adenovirus serotype 12 (ad 12)--induced retinal tumor was studied in vitro and in vivo. vcr at a concentration of 5 and 10 micrograms/ml of culture medium and ctx at 50 and 100 micrograms/ml suppressed growth in vitro. exp-5 cells were transplanted into the vitreous of 56 inbred cdf (f 344 strain) rats. the implants grew almost exclusively as intravitreous tum ...19836847128
effect of oncogenic nitrosourea on intraocular tumor induction by adenovirus in rats.interference of oncogenic n-nitrosourea in intraocular tumor induction by human adenovirus type 12 in rats was examined. transplacental administration of methylnitrosourea to rat embryo reduced significantly the latent period of the intraocular adenovirus tumor in each animal whereas in groups preadministered with ethylnitrosourea the decrease in the latent period showed marked individual variation. preadministration of n-nitrosourea caused little change in the morphology and incidence of adenov ...19836846051
isolation of a nondefective recombinant between adenovirus type 5 and early region 1a of adenovirus type 12.a nondefective recombinant between adenovirus type 5 (ad5) and type 12 (ad12), rc-1 (ad5 dl312, carrying the ad12 e1a gene), was isolated from hamster cell foci transformed by a defective recombinant, rcb-1 (dl312, carrying the ad12 e1 gene). the recombinant rc-1 grew in human embryo kidney and kb cells in the absence of helper and synthesized ad12 t antigen g, the product of the e1a gene. the genome of rc-1 has a deletion between 79.9 and 82.5 map units of ad5 dl312 dna with an insertion of 0.1 ...19836842682
transformation of rat cells by cyt mutants of adenovirus type 12 and mutants of adenovirus type 5.several mutants with much reduced oncogenicity (spontaneous mutants h12 cyt 52 and h12 cyt 70 and uv-induced mutants h12 cyt 61, h12 cyt 62, and h12 cyt 68) of the highly oncogenic adenovirus type 12 (ad12) were studied for their ability to transform primary baby rat kidney cells. four of the mutants showed much reduced capacity to transform cells in vitro, while h12 cyt 61 transformed cells as efficiently as the wild-type virus. viral gene expression in several cell lines established from cultu ...19836834478
expression of adenovirus type 12 early region 1 in kb cells transformed by recombinants containing the gene.the adenovirus type 12 (ad12) early region 1 (e1) gene was introduced into kb cells by using a dominant selection vector, psv2-gpt, and over 80 gpt+ kb cell clones were established. three types of recombinant dnas (gae1a, garc, and gaba) were constructed. they contained the acci-h, ecori-c, and bamhi-a fragments, respectively, of ad12 dna in psv2-gpt. five of 50 (10%) gaba-transformed cell clones, 12 of 18 (67%) gae1a-transformed cell clones, and 10 of 18 (56%) garc-transformed cell clones compl ...19836834475
polar encapsidation of adenovirus dna: cloning and dna sequence of the left end of adenovirus type 3.the left-end adenovirus type 3 dna sequence is very similar to those of other subgroup b adenoviruses, especially in the area between the hinfi site (320 base pairs) and the early-region ia gene. this segment of the genome has been implicated as necessary for the left-end polarity of adenovirus dna encapsidation. this segment and the sequences flanking it are compared with the corresponding sequences of adenovirus type 5 and adenovirus type 12, and the extent and pattern of intersubgroup homolog ...19826754969
differential nk cell and macrophage killing of hamster cells infected with nononcogenic or oncogenic adenovirus.hamster cells infected with highly oncogenic human adenovirus type 12 (ad12) were resistant to lysis by natural killer cells and macrophages, compared to cells infected with nononcogenic adenovirus type 2 (ad2). the data suggest that early adenovirus gene expression in hamster cells results in preferential survival of ad12, compared to ad2, infected cells in vivo, thus providing an explanation for the differences in the oncogenicities of these two transforming viruses.19846710160
isolation and characterization of four adenovirus type 12-transformed human embryo kidney cell lines.four transformed cell lines were established from cultures of human embryo kidney (hek) cells microinjected or transfected with cloned adenovirus 12 (ad12) ecori-c dna (0 through 16.5 map units of the left-hand end of the viral genome). each cell line showed a different growth pattern. southern blotting demonstrated that all of the cell lines contained ad12-specific dna sequences, but in the microinjected isolates these were at a much lower copy number than in the transfected isolate. two cell l ...19846700581
characterization of a host range mutant of human adenovirus 12 defective in early region 1b.we isolated an adenovirus 12 early region 1b mutant (in206b) by ligation of the cleaved dna-protein complex and transfection of human embryo kidney cells with the ligation products. by deduction from the dna sequencing analysis, the two polypeptides (with molecular weights of 19,000 and 54,000) coded in the early region 1b were fused in this mutant to produce a large polypeptide. this mutant could replicate efficiently in 293 cells but not efficiently in kb or human embryo kidney cells. in kb ce ...19846699943
construction and characterization of an adenovirus type 5/adenovirus type 12 recombinant virus.we have constructed an adenovirus type 5 (ad5) recombinant virus in which the early region 1b (e1b) of the nononcogenic ad5 is replaced by the e1b region of the highly oncogenic ad12. analysis of cells lytically infected with the recombinant virus showed that both the ad5 e1a genes and the ad12 e1b genes are faithfully expressed. the recombinant virus replicates efficiently in human embryonic kidney cells and in hela cells, indicating that the ad12 e1b region can fully replace the ad5 e1b region ...19836649414
cell-mediated immunity in f 344 rats bearing intraocular tumors derived from human adenovirus 12-induced retinal tumor.the eyes of 10 f344 rats were inoculated with retinal tumor cells (exp-5 cell line) induced by human adenovirus 12. the animals were killed at 4 weeks thereafter, and the cytotoxicity of their lymphocytes was investigated by using 51cr-releasing assay. the percentage of exp-5 cells killed in vitro by lymphocytes was higher in 10 rats with ocular tumors (24.6% +/- 6.1%, mean +/- sd) than in 10 control rats (6.2% +/- 1.8%). morphologic investigation using syngeneic spleen cells confirmed the prese ...19836642143
excision of amplified viral dna at palindromic sequences from the adenovirus type 12-transformed hamster cell line t637.in the dna of the adenovirus type 12 (ad12)-transformed hamster cell line t637 approximately 20-22 viral dna molecules per cell are covalently linked to cellular dna. spontaneously arising morphological revertants of t637 cells have lost the bulk of the viral dna. we have been able to mimic the excision event of viral dna, as it occurs during reversion, by autoincubation of isolated nuclei from t637 cells. the same ad12 dna sequences, which had been deleted in morphological revertants, proved hi ...19836641708
in vitro transformation of rat brain cells by adenovirus type 12.whole brain cells, taken from sprague-dawley rats of various ages: 13-, 14-, and 16-day fetuses, and 2- and 13-day-old animals were transformed in vitro by adenovirus type 12 (ad. 12). immature or dedifferentiated astrocytes (as cells), neurons, and ependymal cells could clearly be identified by conventional staining methods and scanning electron microscopy. ependymoglioblast-like cells, oligodendrocytes, and undifferentiated cells were also recognized. sequential observation disclosed that a pr ...19836624443
loss of viral genomes from hamster tumor cells and nonrandom alterations in patterns of methylation of integrated adenovirus type 12 dna.the insertion stability and dna methylation patterns of integrated adenovirus type 12 (ad12) genomes were investigated in ad12-induced tumors and in tumor cell lines established from them as a function of time of passage under culture conditions. upon subcultivation of cells from some of the tumors, the viral genomes were eliminated, apparently in a stepwise process with segments of the left termini of ad12 dnas persisting the longest. morphological variants of these tumor cells lost all viral d ...19836620464
tumorigenicity of cells transformed by adenovirus type 12 by evasion of t-cell immunity.evidence is presented that cells transformed by adenovirus type 12 are oncogenic because they escape from t-cell immunity. this effect is brought about by reducing the expression of class i transplantation antigens and is a function of the protein translated from the 13s mrna, transcribed from early region 1a. these findings establish a novel mechanism by which transformed cells can acquire an oncogenic phenotype.19836605479
human adenovirus type 2 but not adenovirus type 12 is mutagenic at the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase locus of cloned rat liver epithelial cells.using resistance to the base analog 8-azaguanine as a genetic marker, we showed that adenovirus type 2, but not adenovirus type 12, is mutagenic at the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase locus of cloned diploid rat liver epithelial cells. adenovirus type 2 increased the frequency of 8-azaguanine-resistant colonies by up to ninefold over the spontaneous frequency, depending on expression time and virus dose.19836572280
gene-regulated expression of glycolipids: appearance of gd3 ganglioside in rat cells on transfection with transforming gene e1 of human adenovirus type 12 dna and its transcriptional subunits.malignant transformation is known to be associated with characteristic changes of cell surface glycolipids, but the genetic background and underlying molecular mechanism of these changes are still unknown. incorporation of oncogenic elements into cultured cells should provide a useful model for studies on this problem. we analyzed gangliosides of a clonal and fibroblastic rat cell line, 3y1, and its transformed counterparts, e1y, hy1, and cy1 cell lines. e1y cells were established by transfectio ...19846526816
adenovirus 12 nononcogenic mutants: oncogenicity of transformed cells and viral proteins synthesized in vivo and in vitro.several nononcogenic cyt mutants of adenovirus type 12 induced the same e1a (55,000 [55k] and 25k) and e1b polypeptides (55k, 19k, and 17k) as did the wild-type virus, except that cyt 68 did not induce the e1b 19k protein. tumorigenicity tests showed cells transformed by cyt 68 to be highly oncogenic in vivo. therefore, it was concluded that the e1b 19k polypeptide is not necessary for tumor induction but may be involved in the efficiency of transformation.19846492258
possible role for a human adenovirus in the pathogenesis of celiac disease.celiac disease in humans is activated by the dietary ingestion of wheat, rye, triticale, barley, and possibly oats. gliadins in wheat and similar proteins in the other grains are known to activate disease in susceptible individuals. there is a striking association between celiac disease and hla-b8, -dr3 and/or -dr7, and -dc3. nonetheless, less than 0.2% of individuals with those serologic hla specificities develop celiac disease and disease is not always concordant among monozygotic twins. we pr ...19846491604
early and late proteins of adenovirus type 12: translation mapping with rna isolated from infected and transformed cells. 19846488881
[analysis of retinoblastoma for human adenovirus 12 genome]. 19846464856
site of linkage between adenovirus type 12 and cell dnas in hamster tumour line clac3. 19816455603
expression of heterophil forssman antigen as glycoprotein on transformed rat cell lines: shedding of the antigen from the cells.monoclonal forssman (f) antibodies of the igm class were obtained by hybridization of spleen cells from an immunized f344 rat with murine myeloma cells. by means of the indirect immunofluorescence test with monoclonal f-antibodies, f-antigen was demonstrated on rat cell lines derived from a normal cell line that was transformed by transfection with whole adenovirus type 12 dna or a fragment (e1a + e1b) of adenovirus type 12 dna. these transformed cells were shown to shed the f-antigen into the c ...19846436565
synthesis in escherichia coli of human adenovirus type 12 transforming proteins encoded by early region 1a 13s mrna and 12s mrna.human adenovirus (ad)-encoded early region 1a (e1a) tumor (t) antigens have been implicated in the positive regulation of viral early genes, the positive and negative regulation of some cellular genes, and cell immortalization and transformation. to further study the ad e1a t antigens and to facilitate their purification, we have cloned cdna copies of the ad12 e1a 13s mrna and 12s mrna downstream of a hybrid escherichia coli trp-lac (tac) promoter. up to 8% of the protein synthesized in e. coli ...19846387701
identification of adenovirus 12-encoded e1a tumor antigens synthesized in infected and transformed mammalian cells and in escherichia coli.a 16-amino acid peptide, h2n-arg-glu-gln-thr-val-pro-val-asp-leu-ser-val-lys-arg-pro-arg-cys-cooh (peptide 204), targeted to the common c-terminus of human adenovirus 12 (ad12) tumor antigens encoded by the e1a 13s mrna and 12s mrna, has been synthesized. antibody prepared in rabbits against peptide 204 immunoprecipitated two proteins of apparent mr 47,000 and 45,000 from extracts of [35s]methionine-labeled ad12-early infected kb cells and a 47,000 protein from extracts of the ad12-transformed h ...19846384554
viral examinations in malignant tumours of the urogenital system.various tumours of the urogenital system were investigated to elucidate the virus-tumour link. out of 105 tumours, virus antigens were found in 57 cases by the immunofluorescent method--mainly with serum raised against oncogenic adenovirus type 12. virus antigens were also present in peripheral lymphocytes of several patients. occasionally, adeno-, herpes- and c-type virus particles were revealed electron microscopically. antiviral antibodies were often shown in the patient' sera and in higher t ...19846382888
manifestation of k+ transport alterations in cultured tumour cells of mice.sarcoma was induced by injection of human adenovirus type 12 into newborn, isogeneic cba mice and maintained in adult female cba mice by serial passages. cells obtained from the tumours were cultivated by 3-4 passages in vitro. normal fibroblastic cell cultures were gained by the same manner from isogeneic cba mouse embryos. characteristics of potassium transport in cultures of malignant cells and of normal fibroblastic cells were analysed. as a chemical tracer of k+ movements, 86rb+ was applied ...19836367323
the 19-kdal protein encoded by early region 1b of adenovirus type 12 is synthesized efficiently in escherichia coli only as a fused protein.we have constructed recombinant plasmids that direct the synthesis of the mr 19 000 protein encoded by the adenovirus type 12 (ad12) e1b region as either a native protein or a protein fused to the amino-terminal portion of the elongation factor ef-tub in escherichia coli cells. using these recombinants, we could synthesize a large amount of the fused protein, while only a small amount of the native mr 19 000 protein was produced. the failure to synthesize the native mr 19 000 protein in e. coli ...19836352410
expression of heterophil forssman antigen on cultured malignant cell lines.by means of indirect immunofluorescence (iif) tests with rabbit antiserum against forssman (f) antigen, f-antigen was demonstrated on 5 of 7 cultured cell lines originating from various cancer tissues. results of cytotoxicity tests with normal human sera with f-antibodies confirmed the presence of f-antigen on these "iif-positive" cell lines. in contrast, f-antigen could not be detected under the same experimental conditions on b-cell lines established from lymphoma or leukemia patients or on ly ...19836341675
cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes from f 344 rats bearing intraocular tumor derived from human adenovirus 12-induced retinoblastoma-like cell line.lymphocyte cytotoxicity using 51cr releasing assay was investigated in 10 f344 rats bearing intraocular tumor derived from human adenovirus 12 (ad 12)-induced retinoblastoma -like cell line (exp-5). lymphocytes obtained from tumor bored animal (1 x 10(6)/well) incubated with 51cr-labelled exp-5 cells (1 x 10(5)/well) for 24 hours, and counted by beta-scintillation counter. the cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes of transplanted animals was higher in 3 out of 10 subjected rats (24-30%) than in 10 r ...19846331062
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