Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| development of a coronavirus disease 2019 nonhuman primate model using airborne exposure. | airborne transmission is predicted to be a prevalent route of human exposure with sars-cov-2. aside from african green monkeys, nonhuman primate models that replicate airborne transmission of sars-cov-2 have not been investigated. a comparative evaluation of covid-19 in african green monkeys, rhesus macaques, and cynomolgus macaques following airborne exposure to sars-cov-2 was performed to determine critical disease parameters associated with disease progression, and establish correlations betw ... | 2021 | 33529233 |
| combining in vivo corneal confocal microscopy with deep learning-based analysis reveals sensory nerve fiber loss in acute simian immunodeficiency virus infection. | to characterize corneal subbasal nerve plexus features of normal and simian immunodeficiency virus (siv)-infected macaques by combining in vivo corneal confocal microscopy (ivcm) with automated assessments using deep learning-based methods customized for macaques. | 2021 | 33528225 |
| rapid protection from covid-19 in nonhuman primates vaccinated intramuscularly but not intranasally with a single dose of a recombinant vaccine. | the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) continues to exert a significant burden on health care systems worldwide. with limited treatments available, vaccination remains an effective strategy to counter transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). recent discussions concerning vaccination strategies have focused on identifying vaccine platforms, number of doses, route of administration, and time to reach peak immunity against sars-cov-2. here, ... | 2021 | 33501447 |
| two immunogenic recombinant protein vaccine candidates showed disparate protective efficacy against zika virus infection in rhesus macaques. | zika virus (zikv) infection has caused major public health problems recently. to develop subunit vaccines for zikv, we have previously constructed recombinant zikv envelope protein domain iii (ediii), and the entire ectodomain (e80, which comprises edi, edii and ediii), as vaccine candidates and showed both of them being immunogenic and protective in murine models. in this follow-up study, we compared these vaccine candidates in non-human primates. both of them elicited neutralizing antibody res ... | 2021 | 33451779 |
| development and evaluation of a rapid and cost-efficient ngs-based mhc class i genotyping method for macaques by using a prevalent short-read sequencer. | rhesus macaque is one of the most widely used primate model animals for immunological research of infectious diseases including human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. it is well known that major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i genotypes affect the susceptibility and disease progression to simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) in rhesus macaques, which is resembling to hiv in humans. it is required to convincingly determine the mhc genotypes in the immunological investigations, that ... | 2021 | 33447871 |
| clinical and preclinical evidence for adverse neurodevelopment after postnatal zika virus infection. | although the zika virus (zikv) typically causes mild or no symptoms in adults, during the 2015-2016 outbreak, zikv infection in pregnancy resulted in a spectrum of diseases in infants, including birth defects and neurodevelopmental disorders identified in childhood. while intense clinical and basic science research has focused on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of prenatal zikv infection, less is known about the consequences of infection during early life. considering the neurotropism of zikv an ... | 2021 | 33445671 |
| development of a simian rna polymerase i promoter-driven reverse genetics for the rescue of recombinant rift valley fever virus from vero cells. | rift valley fever (rvf), which has been designated as a priority disease by the world health organization (who), is one of the most pathogenic zoonotic diseases endemic to africa and the arabian peninsula. human vaccine preparation requires the use of appropriate cell substrates to support efficient production of seed vaccine with minimum concerns of tumorigenicity, oncogenicity, or adventitious agents. vero cells, which were derived from the african green monkey kidney, represent one of the few ... | 2021 | 33441343 |
| a potent anti-simian immunodeficiency virus neutralizing antibody induction associated with a germline immunoglobulin gene polymorphism in rhesus macaques. | virus infection induces b cells with a wide variety of b cell receptor (bcr) repertoires. patterns of induced bcr repertoires are different in individuals, while the underlying mechanism causing this difference remains largely unclear. in particular, the impact of germ line bcr immunoglobulin (ig) gene polymorphism on b cell/antibody induction has not fully been determined. in the present study, we found a potent antibody induction associated with a germ line bcr ig gene polymorphism. b404-class ... | 2021 | 33441342 |
| west nile virus seroprevalence in an outdoor nonhuman primate breeding colony in south florida. | west nile virus (wnv) was first detected in florida in july 2001, with 404 human cases reported to the centers for disease control and prevention as of february 2020. the subtropical climate of florida is ideal for the mosquitoes that transmit wnv. we investigated the wnv seroprevalence in 3 nhp species housed outdoors at the mannheimer foundation in south florida. from january to december 2016, 520 3 to 30 y old nhp were sampled at our 2 closed sites in homestead and labelle: 200 rhesus macaque ... | 2021 | 33441221 |
| a therapeutic neutralizing antibody targeting receptor binding domain of sars-cov-2 spike protein. | vaccines and therapeutics are urgently needed for the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). here, we screen human monoclonal antibodies (mab) targeting the receptor binding domain (rbd) of the viral spike protein via antibody library constructed from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a convalescent patient. the ct-p59 mab potently neutralizes sars-cov-2 isolates including the d614g variant without antibody-dependent enhancement effect. complex cryst ... | 2021 | 33436577 |
| increased proviral dna in circulating cells correlates with plasma viral rebound in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques after antiretroviral therapy interruption. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) reservoir is responsible for persistent viral infection, and a small number of mosaic latent cellular reservoirs promote viral rebound upon antiretroviral therapy interruption, which is the major obstacle to a cure. however, markers that determine effective therapy and viral rebound posttreatment interruption remain unclear. in this study, we comprehensively and longitudinally tracked dynamic decay of cell-associated viral rna/dna in systemic and lymphoid t ... | 2021 | 33408173 |
| brain tissue transcriptomic analysis of siv-infected macaques identifies several altered metabolic pathways linked to neuropathogenesis and poly (adp-ribose) polymerases (parps) as potential therapeutic targets. | despite improvements in antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1)-associated neurocognitive disorders (hand) remain prevalent in subjects undergoing therapy. hand significantly affects individuals' quality of life, as well as adherence to therapy, and, despite the increasing understanding of neuropathogenesis, no definitive diagnostic or prognostic marker has been identified. we investigated transcriptomic profiles in frontal cortex tissues of simian immunodeficiency vi ... | 2021 | 33405206 |
| transcriptional signatures of zika virus infection in astrocytes. | astrocytes are an early and important target of zika virus (zikv) infection in the developing brain, but the impacts of infection on astrocyte function remain controversial. given that nonhuman primate (nhp) models of zikv infection replicate aspects of neurologic disease seen in human infections, we cultured primary astrocytes from the brain tissue of infant rhesus macaques and then infected the cells with asian or african lineage zikv to identify transcriptional patterns associated with infect ... | 2021 | 33405202 |
| induction of alarmin s100a8/a9 mediates activation of aberrant neutrophils in the pathogenesis of covid-19. | the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) pandemic poses an unprecedented public health crisis. evidence suggests that sars-cov-2 infection causes dysregulation of the immune system. however, the unique signature of early immune responses remains elusive. we characterized the transcriptome of rhesus macaques and mice infected with sars-cov-2. alarmin s100a8 was robustly induced in sars-cov-2-infected animal models as well as in covid-19 patients. paquinimod, a specific inh ... | 2020 | 33388094 |
| icu-like care of nonhuman primates with ebola virus disease. | ebola virus disease (evd) supportive care strategies are largely guided by retrospective observational research. this study investigated the effect of evd supportive care algorithms on duration of survival in a controlled nonhuman primate (nhp) model. | 2020 | 33367826 |
| pharmacokinetics and immunological effects of romidepsin in rhesus macaques. | hiv/siv persistence in latent reservoirs requires lifelong antiretroviral treatment and calls for effective cure strategies. romidepsin (rmd), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, was reported to reactivate hiv/siv from reservoirs in virus-suppressed individuals. we characterized in detail the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of rmd in three siv-naïve rhesus macaques which received two rounds of treatment. in plasma, rmd mean terminal half-life was 15.3 h. in comparison, rmd mean terminal half-li ... | 2020 | 33362765 |
| potent bispecific neutralizing antibody targeting glycoprotein b and the gh/gl/pul128/130/131 complex of human cytomegalovirus. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) is a ubiquitous pathogen that can cause developmental disorders following congenital infection and life-threatening complications among transplant patients. potent neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) are promising drug candidates against hcmv infection. hcmv can infect a broad range of cell types. therefore, single neutralizing antibodies targeting one hcmv glycoprotein often lack either potency or broad cell-type coverage. we previously characterized two human ... | 2021 | 33361306 |
| fetal rhesus monkey first trimester zika virus infection impacts cortical development in the second and third trimesters. | zika virus is a teratogen similar to other neurotropic viruses, notably cytomegalovirus and rubella. the goal of these studies was to address the direct impact of zika virus on fetal development by inoculating early gestation fetal rhesus monkeys using an ultrasound-guided approach (intraperitoneal vs. intraventricular). growth and development were monitored across gestation, maternal samples collected, and fetal tissues obtained in the second trimester or near term. although normal growth and a ... | 2021 | 33341889 |
| responses to acute infection with sars-cov-2 in the lungs of rhesus macaques, baboons and marmosets. | non-human primate models will expedite therapeutics and vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) to clinical trials. here, we compare acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) infection in young and old rhesus macaques, baboons and old marmosets. macaques had clinical signs of viral infection, mild to moderate pneumonitis and extra-pulmonary pathologies, and both age groups recovered in two weeks. baboons had prolonged viral rna shedding and substantially more lu ... | 2020 | 33340034 |
| membrane-associated and secreted forms of the rhesus macaque rhadinovirus-encoded cd200 homologue and cellular cd200 demonstrate differential effects on rhesus macaque cd200 receptor signaling and regulation of myeloid cell activation. | the cd200-cd200r pathway is involved in inhibition of immune responses, and the importance of this pathway to infectious disease is highlighted by the fact that viral cd200 (vcd200) molecules have been found to be encoded by several dna viruses, including the human gammaherpesvirus kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), and the closely related rhesus macaque rhadinovirus (rrv). kshv vcd200 is the most extensively studied vcd200 molecule, however, the only herpesvirus vcd200 molecule to ... | 2020 | 33328302 |
| the gastrointestinal tract is an alternative route for sars-cov-2 infection in a nonhuman primate model. | gastrointestinal (gi) manifestations have been increasingly reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). however, the roles of the gi tract in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) infection are not fully understood. we investigated how the gi tract is involved in sars-cov-2 infection to elucidate the pathogenesis of covid-19. | 2020 | 33307034 |
| correlates of protection against sars-cov-2 in rhesus macaques. | recent studies have reported the protective efficacy of both natural1 and vaccine-induced2-7 immunity against challenge with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) in rhesus macaques. however, the importance of humoral and cellular immunity for protection against infection with sars-cov-2 remains to be determined. here we show that the adoptive transfer of purified igg from convalescent rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) protects naive recipient macaques against challenge wit ... | 2020 | 33276369 |
| nanoparticle vaccines based on the receptor binding domain (rbd) and heptad repeat (hr) of sars-cov-2 elicit robust protective immune responses. | various vaccine strategies have been proposed in response to the global covid-19 pandemic, each with unique strategies for eliciting immune responses. here, we developed nanoparticle vaccines by covalently conjugating the self-assembled 24-mer ferritin to the receptor binding domain (rbd) and/or heptad repeat (hr) subunits of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) spike (s) protein. compared to monomer vaccines, nanoparticle vaccines elicited more robust neutralizing an ... | 2020 | 33275896 |
| consumptive coagulopathy of severe yellow fever occurs independently of hepatocellular tropism and massive hepatic injury. | yellow fever (yf) is a mosquito-transmitted viral disease that causes tens of thousands of deaths each year despite the long-standing deployment of an effective vaccine. in its most severe form, yf manifests as a hemorrhagic fever that causes severe damage to visceral organs. although coagulopathy is a defining feature of severe yf in humans, the mechanism by which it develops remains uncertain. hepatocytes are a major target of yellow fever virus (yfv) infection, and the coagulopathy in severe ... | 2020 | 33268494 |
| dalbavancin binds ace2 to block its interaction with sars-cov-2 spike protein and is effective in inhibiting sars-cov-2 infection in animal models. | infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) has caused a pandemic worldwide. currently, however, no effective drug or vaccine is available to treat or prevent the resulting coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). here, we report our discovery of a promising anti-covid-19 drug candidate, the lipoglycopeptide antibiotic dalbavancin, based on virtual screening of the fda-approved peptide drug library combined with in vitro and in vivo functional antiviral assays. our re ... | 2020 | 33262453 |
| low aedes aegypti vector competence for zika virus from viremic rhesus macaques. | despite worldwide efforts to understand the transmission dynamics of zika virus (zikv), scanty evaluation has been made on the vector competence of aedes aegypti fed directly on viremic human and non-human primates (nhps). we blood-fed ae. aegypti from two districts in rio de janeiro on six zikv infected pregnant rhesus macaques at several time points, half of which were treated with sofosbuvir (sof). mosquitoes were analyzed for vector competence after 3, 7 and 14 days of incubation. although v ... | 2020 | 33255150 |
| in vitro and in vivo characterization of a recombinant rhesus cytomegalovirus containing a complete genome. | cytomegaloviruses (cmvs) are highly adapted to their host species resulting in strict species specificity. hence, in vivo examination of all aspects of cmv biology employs animal models using host-specific cmvs. infection of rhesus macaques (rm) with rhesus cmv (rhcmv) has been established as a representative model for infection of humans with hcmv due to the close evolutionary relationships of both host and virus. however, the only available rhcmv clone that permits genetic modifications is bas ... | 2020 | 33232376 |
| universal dengue vaccine elicits neutralizing antibodies against strains from all four dengue virus serotypes. | any potential dengue virus (denv) vaccine needs to elicit protective immunity against strains from all four serotypes to avoid potential antibody-dependent enhancement (ade). in this study, four independent denv envelope (e) glycoproteins were generated using wild-type e sequences from viruses isolated between 1943 and 2006 using computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen (cobra) methodology. cobra and wild-type e antigens were expressed on the surface of subvirion viral particles (svps) ... | 2021 | 33208445 |
| single amino acid mutations affect zika virus replication in vitro and virulence in vivo. | the 2014-2016 zika virus (zikv) epidemic in the americas resulted in large deposits of next-generation sequencing data from clinical samples. this resource was mined to identify emerging mutations and trends in mutations as the outbreak progressed over time. information on transmission dynamics, prevalence, and persistence of intra-host mutants, and the position of a mutation on a protein were then used to prioritize 544 reported mutations based on their ability to impact zikv phenotype. using t ... | 2020 | 33198111 |
| predicting the radiation sensitivity of male and female rhesus macaques using gene expression. | radiosensitivity differs in humans and likely among closely-related primates. reasons for variation in radiosensitivity are not well known. we examined preirradiation gene expression in peripheral blood among male and female rhesus macaques which did or did not survive (up to 60 days) after whole-body irradiation with 700 cgy (ld66/60). rna samples originated from a blinded randomized good laboratory practice study in 142 irradiated rhesus macaques. animals were untreated (placebo), or treated u ... | 2020 | 33181854 |
| virulence and pathogenesis of sars-cov-2 infection in rhesus macaques: a nonhuman primate model of covid-19 progression. | the covid-19 has emerged as an epidemic, causing severe pneumonia with a high infection rate globally. to better understand the pathogenesis caused by sars-cov-2, we developed a rhesus macaque model to mimic natural infection via the nasal route, resulting in the sars-cov-2 virus shedding in the nose and stool up to 27 days. importantly, we observed the pathological progression of marked interstitial pneumonia in the infected animals on 5-7 dpi, with virus dissemination widely occurring in the l ... | 2020 | 33180882 |
| evolution of ocular defects in infant macaques following in utero zika virus infection. | congenital zika syndrome (czs) is associated with microcephaly and various neurological, musculoskeletal, and ocular abnormalities, but the long-term pathogenesis and postnatal progression of ocular defects in infants are not well characterized. rhesus macaques are superior to rodents as models of czs because they are natural hosts of the virus and share similar immune and ocular characteristics, including blood-retinal barrier characteristics and the unique presence of a macula. using a previou ... | 2020 | 33180748 |
| corrigendum to "prime-boost vaccination using chemokine-fused gp120 dna and hiv envelope peptides activates both immediate and long-term memory cellular responses in rhesus macaques". | [this corrects the article doi: 10.1155/2010/860160.]. | 2020 | 33178829 |
| inflammation, hiv, and immune quiescence: leveraging on immunomodulatory products to reduce hiv susceptibility. | the relationship between inflammation and hiv has been a focus of research over the last decade. in hiv-infected individuals, increased hiv-associated immune activation significantly correlated to disease progression. while genital inflammation (gi) has been shown to significantly increase the risk of hiv acquisition and transmission, immune correlates for reduced risk remain limited. in certain hiv-exposed seronegative individuals, an immune quiescent phenotype characterized reduced risk. immun ... | 2020 | 33178456 |
| diagnosis and surgical management of an intraocular foreign body secondary to ballistic wound in a rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta). | intraocular foreign bodies (iofbs) such as air gun pellet is a rare finding in wild animals like rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta). the purpose of the present scientific report is to describe the surgical retrieval of iofb secondary to ballistic wound in a wild rhesus macaque. | 2020 | 33178304 |
| effects of social housing changes on immunity and vaccine-specific immune responses in adolescent male rhesus macaques. | nonhuman primates (nhps) in research institutions may be housed in a variety of social settings, such as group housing, pair housing or single housing based on the needs of studies. furthermore, housing may change over the course of studies. the effects of housing and changes in housing on cell activation and vaccine mediated immune responses are not well documented. we hypothesized that animals moved indoors from group to single housing (gh-sh) would experience more stress than those separated ... | 2020 | 33178191 |
| a novel live attenuated rsv vaccine candidate with mutations in the l protein sam binding site and the g protein cleavage site is protective in cotton rats and a rhesus macaque. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children < 5 years of age worldwide, infecting the majority of infants in their first year of life. despite the widespread impact of this virus, no vaccine is currently available. for over 50 years, live attenuated vaccines (lav) have been shown to protect against other childhood viral infections, offering the advantage of presenting all viral proteins to the immune system for stimulation of bot ... | 2020 | 33177201 |
| a new no-report paradigm reveals that face cells encode both consciously perceived and suppressed stimuli. | a powerful paradigm to identify neural correlates of consciousness is binocular rivalry, wherein a constant visual stimulus evokes a varying conscious percept. it has recently been suggested that activity modulations observed during rivalry may represent the act of report rather than the conscious percept itself. here, we performed single-unit recordings from face patches in macaque inferotemporal (it) cortex using a no-report paradigm in which the animal's conscious percept was inferred from ey ... | 2020 | 33174836 |
| acute respiratory distress in aged, sars-cov-2 infected african green monkeys but not rhesus macaques. | sars-cov-2 induces a wide range of disease severity ranging from asymptomatic infection, to a life-threating illness, particularly in the elderly and persons with comorbid conditions. among those persons with serious covid-19 disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) is a common and often fatal presentation. animal models of sars-cov-2 infection that manifest severe disease are needed to investigate the pathogenesis of covid-19 induced ards and evaluate therapeutic strategies. here we ... | 2020 | 33171111 |
| a cervical mass in a laboratory rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta): suspicion of air sacculitis. | a 13-year-old rhesus macaque presented a cervical swelling associated with sudden deterioration of its condition. this mass was surgically removed, and its histopathological examination revealed a stratified squamous epithelium. this appearance has been reported in some case of air sacculitis in others non-human primate species. | 2020 | 33169830 |
| ketamine reduces temporal expectation in the rhesus monkey. | ketamine, a well-known general dissociative anesthetic agent that is a non-competitive antagonist of the n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, perturbs the perception of elapsed time and the expectation of upcoming events. | 2020 | 33169200 |
| single-cell profiling of ebola virus disease in vivo reveals viral and host dynamics. | ebola virus (ebov) causes epidemics with high mortality yet remains understudied due to the challenge of experimentation in high-containment and outbreak settings. here, we used single-cell transcriptomics and cytof-based single-cell protein quantification to characterize peripheral immune cells during ebov infection in rhesus monkeys. we obtained 100,000 transcriptomes and 15,000,000 protein profiles, finding that immature, proliferative monocyte-lineage cells with reduced antigen-presentation ... | 2020 | 33159858 |
| hair dyes: a systematic review of pertinent in vivo human studies. | what is the safety of hair dyes in human use? to address this, the penetration of hair dyes into human bodies must be quantified. this article provides a critical overview to update work published in the area of in vivo hair dye penetration in humans. studies are in humans, with one including rhesus monkey and one including in vitro human skin. medline, pubmed, embase, scopus, web of science, and google scholar databases were searched from 2004 to october 2019 for articles with experimental meth ... | 2020 | 33151347 |
| alterations of the gut bacterial microbiota in rhesus macaques with siv infection and on short- or long-term antiretroviral therapy. | gut dysbiosis and microbial translocation are associated with chronic systemic immune activation and inflammation in hiv-1 infection. however, the extent of restoration of gut microbiota in hiv-1 patients with short or long-term antiretroviral therapy (art) is unclear. to understand the impact of art on the gut microbiota, we used the rhesus macaque model of siv infection to characterize and compare the gut microbial community upon siv infection and during art. we observed altered taxonomic comp ... | 2020 | 33149234 |
| reconstruction of natural images from responses of primate retinal ganglion cells. | the visual message conveyed by a retinal ganglion cell (rgc) is often summarized by its spatial receptive field, but in principle also depends on the responses of other rgcs and natural image statistics. this possibility was explored by linear reconstruction of natural images from responses of the four numerically-dominant macaque rgc types. reconstructions were highly consistent across retinas. the optimal reconstruction filter for each rgc - its visual message - reflected natural image statist ... | 2020 | 33146609 |
| predicted structural differences of four fertility-related y-chromosome proteins in macaca mulatta, m. fascicularis, and their indochinese hybrids. | species in the genus macaca typically live in multimale-multifemale social groups with male macaques exhibiting some of the largest testis:body weight ratios among primates. males are believed to experience intense levels of sperm competition. several spermatogenesis genes are located on the y-chromosome and, interestingly, occasional hybridization between two species has led to the introgression of the rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) y-chromosome deep into the range of the long-tailed macaque ( ... | 2020 | 33146441 |
| epidemiological investigation and genotypes of enterocytozoon bieneusi in 11 captive rhesus macaque populations. | enterocytozoon bieneusi is an obligate intracellular parasite and the most common pathogen of microsporidiosis in humans and animals. in this study, a total of 198 fecal samples were collected from 11 captive populations of rhesus macaque in chinese zoos, to investigate the prevalence and analyze the zoonotic potential of e. bieneusi by genotype of the internal transcribed spacer (its) gene on the rrna of e. bieneusi via nested pcr. results showed that the average infection rate of e. bieneusi i ... | 2020 | 33145162 |
| values encoded in orbitofrontal cortex are causally related to economic choices. | in the eighteenth century, daniel bernoulli, adam smith and jeremy bentham proposed that economic choices rely on the computation and comparison of subjective values1. this hypothesis continues to inform modern economic theory2 and research in behavioural economics3, but behavioural measures are ultimately not sufficient to verify the proposal4. consistent with the hypothesis, when agents make choices, neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex (ofc) encode the subjective value of offered and chosen go ... | 2020 | 33139951 |
| neural control of rapid binocular eye movements: saccade-vergence burst neurons. | during normal viewing, we direct our eyes between objects in three-dimensional (3d) space many times a minute. to accurately fixate these objects, which are usually located in different directions and at different distances, we must generate eye movements with appropriate versional and vergence components. these combined saccade-vergence eye movements result in disjunctive saccades with a vergence component that is much faster than that generated during smooth, symmetric vergence eye movements. ... | 2020 | 33139553 |
| the macaque brain onprc18 template with combined gray and white matter labelmap for multimodal neuroimaging studies of nonhuman primates. | macaques are the most common nonhuman primate (nhp) species used in neuroscience research. with the advancement of many neuroimaging techniques, new studies are beginning to apply multiple types of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (mri), such as structural imaging (smri) with t1 and t2 weighted contrasts alongside diffusion weighed (dw) imaging. in studies involving rhesus macaques, this approach can be used to better understand micro-structural changes that occur during development, in variou ... | 2020 | 33137475 |
| sharing voxelwise neuroimaging results from rhesus monkeys and other species with neurovault. | animal neuroimaging studies can provide unique insights into brain structure and function, and can be leveraged to bridge the gap between animal and human neuroscience. in part, this power comes from the ability to combine mechanistic interventions with brain-wide neuroimaging. due to their phylogenetic proximity to humans, nonhuman primate neuroimaging holds particular promise. because nonhuman primate neuroimaging studies are often underpowered, there is a great need to share data amongst tran ... | 2020 | 33137472 |
| atomoxetine modulates the contribution of low-level signals during free viewing of natural images in rhesus monkeys. | visuo-spatial attentional orienting is fundamental to selectively process behaviorally relevant information, depending on both low-level visual attributes of stimuli in the environment and higher-level factors, such as goals, expectations and prior knowledge. growing evidence suggests an impact of the locus-cœruleus-norepinephrine (lc-ne) system in attentional orienting that depends on task-context. nonetheless, most of previous studies used visual displays encompassing a target and various dist ... | 2020 | 33137343 |
| characterization of nef expression in different brain regions of siv-infected macaques. | hiv-associated cns dysfunction is a significant problem among people with hiv (pwh), who now live longer due to viral suppression from combined anti-retroviral therapy (art). over the course of infection, hiv generates toxic viral proteins and induces inflammatory cytokines that have toxic effects on neurons in the cns. among these viral proteins, hiv nef has been found in neurons of postmortem brain specimens from pwh. however, the source of nef and its impact on neuronal cell homeostasis are s ... | 2020 | 33137166 |
| retraction: conversion of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in wharton's jelly to dopamine neurons mediated by the lmx1a and neurturin in vitro: potential therapeutic application for parkinson's disease in a rhesus monkey model. | 2020 | 33137132 | |
| isolation of a highly purified hsc-enriched cd34+cd90+cd45ra- cell subset for allogeneic transplantation in the nonhuman primate large-animal model. | allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-hct) is a common treatment for patients suffering from different hematological disorders. allo-hct in combination with hematopoietic stem cell (hsc) gene therapy is considered a promising treatment option for millions of patients with hiv+ and acute myeloid leukemia. most currently available hsc gene therapy approaches target cd34-enriched cell fractions, a heterogeneous mix of mostly progenitor cells and only very few hscs with long-term ... | 2020 | 33134503 |
| computational aberration compensation by coded-aperture-based correction of aberration obtained from optical fourier coding and blur estimation. | we report a novel generalized optical measurement system and computational approach to determine and correct aberrations in optical systems. the system consists of a computational imaging method capable of reconstructing an optical system's pupil function by adapting overlapped fourier coding to an incoherent imaging modality. it recovers the high-resolution image latent in an aberrated image via deconvolution. the deconvolution is made robust to noise by using coded apertures to capture images. ... | 2019 | 33134437 |
| protective cranial implant caps for macaques. | neuroscience studies with macaque monkeys may require cranial implants to stabilize the head or gain access to the brain for scientific purposes. wound management that promotes healing after the cranial implant surgery in non-human primates can be difficult as it is not necessarily possible to cover the wound margins. | 2020 | 33130051 |
| effects of alfaxalone on cerebral blood flow and intrinsic neural activity of rhesus monkeys: a comparison study with ketamine. | alfaxalone has been used increasingly in biomedical research and veterinary medicine of large animals in recent years. however, its effects on the cerebral blood flow (cbf) physiology and intrinsic neuronal activity of anesthetized brains remain poorly understood. | 2020 | 33127411 |
| correction to: quantification of neurons in the hippocampal formation of chimpanzees: comparison to rhesus monkeys and humans. | the original version of this article contained a mistake in figs. 3 and 4. | 2020 | 33124675 |
| lipid metabolism is associated with temperament, corticosteroid, and hematological measures in infant rhesus monkeys ( macaca mulatta). | individuals can differ in how their behavioral and physiological systems are organized. the fact that these individual differences persist across life suggests they are supported by physical structures that may co-vary. here, we explored three datasets associated with health and behavioral outcomes, which were obtained from infant rhesus monkeys during standardized assessment of biobehavioral organization. variation in biobehavioral measures was related to variation in molecular pathways, as ass ... | 2020 | 33124219 |
| shared functional connectivity between the dorso-medial and dorso-ventral streams in macaques. | manipulation of an object requires us to transport our hand towards the object (reach) and close our digits around that object (grasp). in current models, reach-related information is propagated in the dorso-medial stream from posterior parietal area v6a to medial intraparietal area, dorsal premotor cortex, and primary motor cortex. grasp-related information is processed in the dorso-ventral stream from the anterior intraparietal area to ventral premotor cortex and the hand area of primary motor ... | 2020 | 33122655 |
| differential functional connectivity underlying asymmetric reward-related activity in human and nonhuman primates. | the orbitofrontal cortex (ofc) is a key brain region involved in complex cognitive functions such as reward processing and decision making. neuroimaging studies have reported unilateral ofc response to reward-related variables; however, those studies rarely discussed this observation. nevertheless, some lesion studies suggest that the left and right ofc contribute differently to cognitive processes. we hypothesized that the ofc asymmetrical response to reward could reflect underlying hemispheric ... | 2020 | 33122437 |
| a mucosal adenovirus prime/systemic envelope boost vaccine regimen elicits responses in cervicovaginal and alveolar macrophages of rhesus macaques associated with delayed siv acquisition and b cell help. | vaccine strategies targeting the mucosal portal of entry may prevent hiv acquisition and systemic infection. macrophages in cervicovaginal compartments are one of the first cell types to encounter virus upon vaginal exposure. their activation can lead to recruitment of additional macrophages and cd4+ t-cells susceptible to viral infection. however, they are also critical in providing early protection against invading pathogens. therefore, understanding their response to immunization is important ... | 2020 | 33117363 |
| nonhuman primates exposed to zika virus in utero are not protected against reinfection at 1 year postpartum. | there is limited information about the impact of zika virus (zikv) exposure in utero on the anti-zikv immune responses of offspring. we infected six rhesus macaque dams with zikv early or late in pregnancy and studied four of their offspring over the course of a year postpartum. despite evidence of zikv exposure in utero, we observed no structural brain abnormalities in the offspring. we detected infant-derived zikv-specific immunoglobulin a antibody responses and t cell memory responses during ... | 2020 | 33115950 |
| developmental gene expression differences between humans and mammalian models. | identifying the molecular programs underlying human organ development and how they differ from model species is key for understanding human health and disease. developmental gene expression profiles provide a window into the genes underlying organ development and a direct means to compare them across species. we use a transcriptomic resource covering the development of seven organs to characterize the temporal profiles of human genes associated with distinct disease classes and to determine, for ... | 2020 | 33113372 |
| comparative analyses of transgene expression patterns after intra-striatal injections of raav2-retro in rats and rhesus monkeys: a light and electron microscopic study. | retrogradely-transducing viral vectors are versatile tools for anatomical and functional interrogations of neural circuits. these vectors can be applied in nonhuman primates (nhps), powerful model species for neuroscientific studies with limited genetic tractability, but limited data are available regarding the tropism and transgene expression patterns of such viruses after injections in nhp brains. consequently, nhp researchers must often rely on related data available from other species for ex ... | 2020 | 33113247 |
| origin of rebound virus in chronically siv-infected rhesus monkeys following treatment discontinuation. | viral rebound following antiretroviral therapy (art) discontinuation in hiv-1-infected individuals is believed to originate from a small pool of cd4+ t cells harboring replication-competent provirus. however, the origin and nature of the rebound virus has remained unclear. recent studies have suggested that rebound virus does not originate directly from individual latent proviruses but rather from recombination events involving multiple proviruses. here we evaluate the origin of rebound virus in ... | 2020 | 33110078 |
| evolution of regulatory signatures in primate cortical neurons at cell-type resolution. | the human cerebral cortex contains many cell types that likely underwent independent functional changes during evolution. however, cell-type-specific regulatory landscapes in the cortex remain largely unexplored. here we report epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses of the two main cortical neuronal subtypes, glutamatergic projection neurons and gabaergic interneurons, in human, chimpanzee, and rhesus macaque. using genome-wide profiling of the h3k27ac histone modification, we identify neuron-su ... | 2020 | 33109720 |
| fetal surgery in the primate 4.0: a new technique 30 years later. | open fetal surgery requires a hemostatic hysterotomy that minimizes membrane separation. for over 30 years, the standard of care for hysterotomy in the gravid uterus has been the autosuture premium poly cs*-57 stapler. | 2020 | 33108788 |
| multi-source domain adaptation for decoder calibration of intracortical brain-machine interface. | for nonstationarity of neural recordings, daily retraining is required in the decoder calibration of intracortical brain-machine interfaces (ibmis). domain adaptation has started to be applied in ibmis to solve the problem of daily retraining by taking advantage of historical data. however, previous domain adaptation studies used only a single source domain, which might lead to performance instability. in this study, we proposed a multi-source domain adaptation algorithm, by fully utilizing the ... | 2020 | 33108775 |
| feature-selection-based transfer learning for intracortical brain-machine interface decoding. | the time spent in collecting current samples for decoder calibration and the computational burden brought by high-dimensional neural recordings remain two challenging problems in intracortical brain-machine interfaces (ibmis). decoder calibration optimization approaches have been proposed, and neuron selection methods have been used to reduce computational burden. however, few methods can solve both problems simultaneously. in this paper, we present a symmetrical-uncertaintybased transfer learni ... | 2020 | 33108289 |
| therapeutic vaccination of siv-infected, art-treated infant rhesus macaques using ad48/mva in combination with tlr-7 stimulation. | globally, 1.8 million children are living with hiv-1. while antiretroviral therapy (art) has improved disease outcomes, it does not eliminate the latent hiv-1 reservoir. interventions to delay or prevent viral rebound in the absence of art would be highly beneficial for hiv-1-infected children who now must remain on daily art throughout their lifespan. here, we evaluated therapeutic ad48-siv prime, mva-siv boost immunization in combination with the tlr-7 agonist gs-986 in rhesus macaque (rm) inf ... | 2020 | 33104758 |
| crystal structure of a soluble apobec3g variant suggests ssdna to bind in a channel that extends between the two domains. | apobec3g (a3g) is a single-stranded dna (ssdna) cytosine deaminase that can restrict hiv-1 infection by mutating the viral genome. a3g consists of a non-catalytic n-terminal domain (ntd) and a catalytic c-terminal domain (ctd) connected by a short linker. while the ctd catalyzes cytosine deamination, the ntd is believed to provide additional affinity for ssdna. structures of both a3g domains have been solved individually; however, a full-length a3g structure has been challenging. recently, cryst ... | 2020 | 33098858 |
| in vivo evaluation and dosimetry estimate for a high affinity affibody pet tracer targeting pd-l1. | in vivo imaging of programmed death ligand 1 (pd-l1) during immunotherapy could potentially monitor changing pd-l1 expression and pd-l1 expression heterogeneity within and across tumors. some protein constructs can be used for same-day positron emission tomography (pet) imaging. previously, we evaluated the pd-l1-targeting affibody molecule [18f]alf-nota-zpd-l1_1 as a pet tracer in a mouse tumor model of human pd-l1 expression. in this study, we evaluated the affinity-matured affibody molecule z ... | 2020 | 33098025 |
| damage to orbitofrontal areas 12 and 13, but not area 14, results in blunted attention and arousal to socioemotional stimuli in rhesus macaques. | an earlier study in monkeys indicated that lesions to the mid-portion of the ventral orbitofrontal cortex (ofc), including walker's areas 11 and 13 (ofc11/13), altered the spontaneous scanning of still pictures of primate faces (neutral and emotional) and the modulation of arousal. yet, these conclusions were limited by several shortcomings, including the lesion approach, use of static rather than dynamic stimuli, and manual data analyses. to confirm and extend these earlier findings, we compare ... | 2020 | 33093825 |
| single-cell strand sequencing of a macaque genome reveals multiple nested inversions and breakpoint reuse during primate evolution. | rhesus macaque is an old world monkey that shared a common ancestor with human ∼25 myr ago and is an important animal model for human disease studies. a deep understanding of its genetics is therefore required for both biomedical and evolutionary studies. among structural variants, inversions represent a driving force in speciation and play an important role in disease predisposition. here we generated a genome-wide map of inversions between human and macaque, combining single-cell strand sequen ... | 2020 | 33093070 |
| hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis and treatment is ineffective in macaque and hamster sars-cov-2 disease models. | we remain largely without effective prophylactic/therapeutic interventions for covid-19. although many human covid-19 clinical trials are ongoing, there remains a deficiency of supportive preclinical drug efficacy studies to help guide decisions. here we assessed the prophylactic/therapeutic efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (hcq), a drug of interest for covid-19 management, in two animal disease models. the standard human malaria hcq prophylaxis (6.5 mg/kg given weekly) and treatment (6.5 mg/kg) d ... | 2020 | 33090972 |
| evaluation of the potassium channel tracer [18f]3f4ap in rhesus macaques. | demyelination causes slowed or failed neuronal conduction and is a driver of disability in multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases. currently, the gold standard for imaging demyelination is mri, but despite its high spatial resolution and sensitivity to demyelinated lesions, it remains challenging to obtain specific and quantitative measures of molecular changes involved in demyelination. to understand the contribution of demyelination in different diseases and to assess the efficacy ... | 2020 | 33090071 |
| masculinized second-to-fourth digit ratio (2d:4d ratio) is associated with lower cortisol response in infant female rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). | the second-to-fourth digit ratio (2d:4d ratio) is considered a postnatal proxy measure for the degree of prenatal androgen exposure (pae), which is the primary factor responsible for masculinizing the brain of a developing fetus. some studies suggest that the organizational effects of pae may extend to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis response to stress. this study investigates the relationship between 2d:4d ratio and hpa axis functioning using a rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) model ... | 2020 | 33088262 |
| priming with dna expressing trimeric hiv v1v2 alters the immune hierarchy favoring the development of v2-specific antibodies in rhesus macaques. | the rv144 vaccine trial revealed a correlation between reduced risk of hiv infection and the level of non-neutralizing antibody (ab) responses targeting specific epitopes in the second variable domain (v2) of the hiv gp120 envelope (env) protein, suggesting this region as a target for vaccine development. to favor induction of v2-specific abs, we developed a vaccine regimen that included priming with dna expressing an hiv v1v2 trimeric scaffold immunogen followed by booster immunizations with a ... | 2020 | 33087466 |
| cd8 t cells show protection against highly pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) after vaccination with siv gene-expressing bcg prime and vaccinia virus/sendai virus vector boosts. | toward development of a dual vaccine for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1 and tuberculosis infections, we developed a urease-deficient bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) strain tokyo172 (bcgδurease) to enhance its immunogenicity. bcgδurease expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) gag induced bcg antigen-specific cd4+ and cd8+ t cells more efficiently, and more gag-specific cd8+ t cells. we evaluated its protective efficacy against siv infection in cynomolgus monkeys of asian origin, shown ... | 2020 | 33087465 |
| shiv.c.ch505 persistence in art-suppressed infant macaques is characterized by elevated shiv rna in the gut and high abundance of intact shiv dna in naïve cd4+ t cells. | mother-to-child transmission of hiv-1 continues to cause new pediatric cases of infection through breastfeeding, a setting where it is not always possible to initiate early antiretroviral therapy (art). without novel interventions that do not rely on daily art, hiv-1 infected children face lifelong medications to control infection. a detailed analysis of virus persistence following breastmilk transmission of hiv-1 and art has not been performed. here, we used infant rhesus macaques orally-infect ... | 2020 | 33087463 |
| a broadly neutralizing macaque monoclonal antibody against the hiv-1 v3-glycan patch. | a small fraction of hiv-1- infected humans develop broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnabs) against hiv-1 that protect macaques from simian immunodeficiency hiv chimeric virus (shiv). similarly, a small number of macaques infected with shivs develop broadly neutralizing serologic activity, but less is known about the nature of simian antibodies. here, we report on a monoclonal antibody, ab1485, isolated from a macaque infected with shivad8 that developed broadly neutralizing serologic activity ta ... | 2020 | 33084569 |
| complete inhibition of abcb1 and abcg2 at the blood-brain barrier by co-infusion of erlotinib and tariquidar to improve brain delivery of the model abcb1/abcg2 substrate [11c]erlotinib. | p-glycoprotein (abcb1) and breast cancer resistance protein (abcg2) restrict at the blood-brain barrier (bbb) the brain distribution of the majority of currently known molecularly targeted anticancer drugs. to improve brain delivery of dual abcb1/abcg2 substrates, both abcb1 and abcg2 need to be inhibited simultaneously at the bbb. we examined the feasibility of simultaneous abcb1/abcg2 inhibition with i.v. co-infusion of erlotinib and tariquidar by studying brain distribution of the model abcb1 ... | 2020 | 33081568 |
| functional links between sensory representations, choice activity, and sensorimotor associations in parietal cortex. | three-dimensional (3d) representations of the environment are often critical for selecting actions that achieve desired goals. the success of these goal-directed actions relies on 3d sensorimotor transformations that are experience-dependent. here we investigated the relationships between the robustness of 3d visual representations, choice-related activity, and motor-related activity in parietal cortex. macaque monkeys performed an eight-alternative 3d orientation discrimination task and a visua ... | 2020 | 33078705 |
| hypothesis: tau pathology is an initiating factor in sporadic alzheimer's disease. | the etiology of the common, sporadic form of alzheimer's disease (sad) is unknown. we hypothesize that tau pathology within select projection neurons with susceptible microenvironments can initiate sad. this postulate rests on extensive data demonstrating that in human brains tau pathology appears about a decade before the formation of aβ plaques (aβps), especially targeting glutamate projection neurons in the association cortex. data from aging rhesus monkeys show abnormal tau phosphorylation w ... | 2020 | 33075193 |
| efficacy of silk fibroin biomaterial vehicle for in vivo mucosal delivery of griffithsin and protection against hiv and shiv infection ex vivo. | the majority of new hiv infections occur through mucosal transmission. the availability of readily applicable and accessible platforms for anti-retroviral (arv) delivery is critical for the prevention of hiv acquisition through sexual transmission in both women and men. there is a compelling need for developing new topical delivery systems that have advantages over the pills, gels and rings, which currently fail to guarantee protection against mucosal viral transmission in vulnerable populations ... | 2020 | 33073530 |
| cross-species rna-seq study comparing transcriptomes of enriched osteocyte populations in the tibia and skull. | local site-specific differences between bones in different regions of the skeleton account for their different properties and functions. to identify mechanisms behind these differences, we have performed a cross-species study comparing rna transcriptomes of cranial and tibial osteocytes, from bones with very different primary functions and physiological responses, collected from the same individual mouse, rat, and rhesus macaque. bioinformatic analysis was performed to identify 32 genes changed ... | 2020 | 33071985 |
| staphylococcus aureus and methicillin resistant s. aureus in nepalese primates: resistance to antimicrobials, virulence, and genetic lineages. | staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous pathogen and colonizer in humans and animals. there are few studies on the molecular epidemiology of s. aureus in wild monkeys and apes. s. aureus carriage in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) and assam macaques (macaca assamensis) is a species that has not previously been sampled and lives in remote environments with limited human contact. forty staphylococcus aureus isolates including 33 methicillin-susceptible s. aureus (mssa) and seven methicillin-resista ... | 2020 | 33066007 |
| vascular disease and thrombosis in sars-cov-2-infected rhesus macaques. | the covid-19 pandemic has led to extensive morbidity and mortality throughout the world. clinical features that drive sars-cov-2 pathogenesis in humans include inflammation and thrombosis, but the mechanistic details underlying these processes remain to be determined. in this study, we demonstrate endothelial disruption and vascular thrombosis in histopathologic sections of lungs from both humans and rhesus macaques infected with sars-cov-2. to define key molecular pathways associated with sars- ... | 2020 | 33065030 |
| middle identification for rhesus monkeys is influenced by number but not extent. | concept learning provides a fundamental building block for many cognitive functions in humans. here we address whether rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) can learn the abstract concept of "middle" in a series of objects. first, we trained monkeys to select the middle dot in a horizontal series of three dots presented on a touchscreen. monkeys maintained a preference to choose the middle dot despite changes in the appearance, location, and spacing of the horizontal series of dots. they maintained hi ... | 2020 | 33060813 |
| vertical transmission of hepatitis e virus in pregnant rhesus macaques. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the major pathogen of viral hepatitis. hev causes high mortality in pregnant women. its infection during pregnancy usually leads to fulminant hepatic failure, spontaneous abortions, premature delivery, or stillbirth. vertical transmission of hev has been reported, but the pathogenesis during pregnancy remains largely elusive. pregnant rhesus macaques were infected with hev to explore the pathogenesis of genotype 4 hev infection during pregnancy. active hev infections w ... | 2020 | 33060782 |
| neuronal activity distributed in multiple cortical areas during voluntary control of the native arm or a brain-computer interface. | voluntary control of visually-guided upper extremity movements involves neuronal activity in multiple areas of the cerebral cortex. studies of brain-computer interfaces (bcis) that use spike recordings for input, however, have focused largely on activity in the region from which those neurons that directly control the bci, which we call bci units, are recorded. we hypothesized that just as voluntary control of the arm and hand involves activity in multiple cortical areas, so does voluntary contr ... | 2020 | 33060178 |
| genetic correlations in the rhesus macaque dentition. | quantitative genetic analyses can indicate how complex traits respond to natural selection by demonstrating the genetic relationships between features that constrain their evolution. genetic correlations between dental measurements have been estimated previously in baboons, humans, and tamarins and indicate variable patterns of modularity by tooth type across these taxa. here, heritabilities of, and genetic correlations between, linear dental measurements were estimated from the cayo santiago rh ... | 2020 | 33059308 |
| seasonal variation in the gut microbiota of rhesus macaques inhabiting limestone forests of southwest guangxi, china. | data on the gut microbiota of animals can provide new insights into dietary ecology of hosts, consequently assisting in understanding their adaptation strategy and evolutionary potential. we studied the gut microbiota composition and function of the wild rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) using 16s rrna sequencing method. our results revealed that the gut microbiota of the wild rhesus macaques was dominated by firmicutes, bacteroidetes, and spirochaetes. diversity and richness of gut microbiota we ... | 2020 | 33057745 |
| factors influencing taxonomic unevenness in scientific research: a mixed-methods case study of non-human primate genomic sequence data generation. | scholars have noted major disparities in the extent of scientific research conducted among taxonomic groups. such trends may cascade if future scientists gravitate towards study species with more data and resources already available. as new technologies emerge, do research studies employing these technologies continue these disparities? here, using non-human primates as a case study, we identified disparities in massively parallel genomic sequencing data and conducted interviews with scientists ... | 2020 | 33047065 |
| flow rate and apparent volume of cerebrospinal fluid in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) based on the pharmacokinetics of intrathecally administered inulin. | cerebrospinal fluid (csf) flow rate and volume are fundamental to the design and interpretation of preclinical pharmacokineticsand pharmacodynamics studies in nhp. to determine the values of csf flow rate and volume, we evaluated the plasma and csf pharmacokinetics of inulin, an inert polysaccharide tracer, in 5 rhesus macaques with csf ventricular reservoirs and lumbar ports; these reservoirs and ports facilitate humane intrathecal administration and serial csf sampling in unanesthetized macaqu ... | 2020 | 33046181 |
| changes in audiometric threshold and frequency selectivity correlate with cochlear histopathology in macaque monkeys with permanent noise-induced hearing loss. | exposure to loud noise causes damage to the inner ear, including but not limited to outer and inner hair cells (ohcs and ihcs) and ihc ribbon synapses. this cochlear damage impairs auditory processing and increases audiometric thresholds (noise-induced hearing loss, nihl). however, the exact relationship between the perceptual consequences of nihl and its underlying cochlear pathology are poorly understood. this study used a nonhuman primate model of nihl to relate changes in frequency selectivi ... | 2020 | 33045479 |
| application of microrna profiling to understand sevoflurane-induced adverse effects on developing monkey brain. | we have described that prolonged sevoflurane exposure at a clinically-relevant concentration of 2.5 % caused neuronal cell death in the developing monkey brain. postnatal day 5 or 6 rhesus monkeys (n = 3) were exposed to 2.5 % sevoflurane for 8 h. monkeys kept at environmental conditions in the procedure room served as controls (n = 3). brain tissues were harvested four hours after sevoflurane exposure for histological analysis, and rna or protein extraction. microrna (mirna) profiling on the fr ... | 2020 | 33045284 |
| pharmacological evidence for the implication of noradrenaline in effort. | the trade-off between effort and reward is one of the main determinants of behavior, and its alteration is at the heart of major disorders such as depression or parkinson's disease. monoaminergic neuromodulators are thought to play a key role in this trade-off, but their relative contribution remains unclear. rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) performed a choice task requiring a trade-off between the volume of fluid reward and the amount of force to be exerted on a grip. in line with a causal role ... | 2020 | 33044952 |