Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| sensory properties of frozen herring (clupea harengus) from different catch seasons and locations. | freezing of herring (clupea harengus) for human consumption is increasing in the nordic herring industry, either onboard the fishing vessels or right after landing. the quality of frozen herring as a raw material does not only depend on the frozen storage conditions applied, but also on compositional features, something which in turn can vary with season and catching ground. to unravel the link between biological variations, basic muscle composition, and sensory properties of frozen herring, a u ... | 2012 | 22900757 |
| snp discovery using next generation transcriptomic sequencing in atlantic herring (clupea harengus). | the introduction of next generation sequencing (ngs) has revolutionised population genetics, providing studies of non-model species with unprecedented genomic coverage, allowing evolutionary biologists to address questions previously far beyond the reach of available resources. furthermore, the simple mutation model of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) permits cost-effective high-throughput genotyping in thousands of individuals simultaneously. genomic resources are scarce for the atlantic ... | 2012 | 22879907 |
| fish pollution with anthropogenic 137cs in the southern baltic sea. | this paper presents the results of a study on changes in (137)cs activity concentrations in three fish species from the southern baltic sea: cod (gadus morhua), herring (clupea harengus) and flounder (platichtys flesus), in the period 2000-2010. during the study period a marked decline in cesium activity concentration in fish muscle tissue was observed, which reflected changes in radionuclide activity concentration in seawater. no statistically significant temporal trends were determined in chan ... | 2013 | 22863062 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to igm of pacific herring (clupea pallasii). | pacific herring (clupea pallasii) have a central role in the north pacific ecosystem as a forage fish species and are natural reservoirs of several important finfish pathogens, including viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv). here, we report the identification of the gene encoding the immunoglobulin mu (igm) heavy chain, as well as the development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) that specifically react with pacific herring igm. pacific herring immunoglobulin was purified ... | 2012 | 22771742 |
| changes in salt solubility and microstructure of proteins from herring (clupea harengus) after ph-shift processing. | salt solubility of ph-shift isolated herring (clupea harengus) muscle proteins was studied in relation to ph exposure and microstructure using transmission electron microscopy (tem). using protein solubilization at ph 11.2 with subsequent precipitation at ph 5.5, salt solubility of the proteins decreased from 78 to 17%. by precipitating the alkali-solubilized proteins at the ph of native herring muscle, 6.5, salt solubility only decreased to 59%, proving that ph values between 6.5 and 5.5 affect ... | 2012 | 22746669 |
| environmental selection on transcriptome-derived snps in a high gene flow marine fish, the atlantic herring (clupea harengus). | high gene flow is considered the norm for most marine organisms and is expected to limit their ability to adapt to local environments. few studies have directly compared the patterns of differentiation at neutral and selected gene loci in marine organisms. we analysed a transcriptome-derived panel of 281 snps in atlantic herring (clupea harengus), a highly migratory small pelagic fish, for elucidating neutral and selected genetic variation among populations and to identify candidate genes for en ... | 2012 | 22694661 |
| survey of persistent organochlorine contaminants (pcdd, pcdf, and pcb) in fish collected from the polish baltic fishing areas. | concentrations and congener-specific profiles of pcdds, pcdfs, dl-pcbs, and ndl-pcbs were determined in five species of edible fish from the baltic sea (ices 24-27): salmon (salmo salar), baltic herring (clupea harengus membras), sprat (sprattus sprattus balticus), sea trout (salmo trutta m.trutta), and cod (gadus morhua callarias). marker pcbs were the dominant compounds (0.07-60.84 ng/g w.w.), followed by dl-pcbs (0.64-6.07 pg who-teq/g w.w.) and pcdd/pcdfs (0.22-5.67 pg who-teq w.w). the conc ... | 2012 | 22593715 |
| range compensation for backscattering measurements in the difference-frequency nearfield of a parametric sonar. | measurement of acoustic backscattering properties of targets requires removal of the range dependence of echoes. this process is called range compensation. for conventional sonars making measurements in the transducer farfield, the compensation removes effects of geometrical spreading and absorption. for parametric sonars consisting of a parametric acoustic transmitter and a conventional-sonar receiver, two additional range dependences require compensation when making measurements in the nonline ... | 2012 | 22559347 |
| lesion bacterial communities in american lobsters with diet-induced shell disease. | in southern new england, usa, shell disease affects the profitability of the american lobster homarus americanus fishery. in laboratory trials using juvenile lobsters, exclusive feeding of herring clupea harengus induces shell disease typified initially by small melanized spots that progress into distinct lesions. amongst a cohabitated, but segregated, cohort of 11 juvenile lobsters fed exclusively herring, bacterial communities colonizing spots and lesions were investigated by denaturing gradie ... | 2012 | 22535872 |
| development and validation of a range of endogenous controls to support the implementation of practical taqman real-time pcr-based surveillance for fish diseases within aquaculture. | the use of taqman real-time pcr-based technology has recently become more frequent in the detection of pathogens in the aquaculture industry. this interest has necessitated the development of robust and reliable pathogen-detection assays. the development of a range of endogenous control assays to be run alongside these diagnostic assays works to further increase confidence in the latter. this study describes the design of a range of endogenous control assays based on the elongation factor 1-α (e ... | 2012 | 22524565 |
| toxicity of crude oil chemically dispersed in a wave tank to embryos of atlantic herring (clupea harengus). | tests of crude oil toxicity to fish are often chronic, exposing embryos from fertilization to hatch to oil solutions prepared using standard mixing procedures. however, during oil spills, fish are not often exposed for long periods and the dynamic nature of the ocean is not easily replicated in the lab. our objective was to determine if brief exposures of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) embryos to dispersed oil prepared by standard mixing procedures was as toxic as oil dispersed in a more rea ... | 2012 | 22488782 |
| high-speed weight estimation of whole herring (clupea harengus) using 3d machine vision. | weight is an important parameter by which the price of whole herring (clupea harengus) is determined. current mechanical weight graders are capable of a high throughput but have a relatively low accuracy. for this reason, there is a need for a more accurate high-speed weight estimation of whole herring. a 3-dimensional (3d) machine vision system was developed for high-speed weight estimation of whole herring. the system uses a 3d laser triangulation system above a conveyor belt moving at a speed ... | 2011 | 22417497 |
| influences of potential predictor variables on gastric evacuation in atlantic cod gadus morhua feeding on fish prey: parameterization of a generic model. | the parameter values of a generic model of gastric evacuation were estimated from evacuation data on atlantic cod gadus morhua fed meals of four fish prey: herring clupea harengus, sprat sprattus sprattus, lesser sandeel ammodytes tobianus and dab limanda limanda. the effects on evacuation of photoperiod and pre-experimental treatment of prey were also tested. freshly killed a. tobianus were evacuated from the stomach of g. morhua at a rate similar to the value estimated from conspecifics kept d ... | 2012 | 22380555 |
| behavior of captive herring exposed to naval sonar transmissions (1.0-1.6 khz) throughout a yearly cycle. | atlantic herring, clupea harengus, is a hearing specialist, and several studies have demonstrated strong responses to man-made noise, for example, from an approaching vessel. to avoid negative impacts from naval sonar operations, a set of studies of reaction patters of herring to low-frequency (1.0-1.5 khz) naval sonar signals has been undertaken. this paper presents herring reactions to sonar signals and other stimuli when kept in captivity under detailed acoustic and video monitoring. througho ... | 2012 | 22352533 |
| risk of environmental genotoxicity in the baltic sea over the period of 2009-2011 assessed by micronuclei frequencies in blood erythrocytes of flounder (platichthys flesus), herring (clupea harengus) and eelpout (zoarces viviparus). | environmental genotoxicity was investigated at 82 locations encompassing different regions of the baltic sea. micronuclei (mn) analysis was performed in erythrocytes of 1892 specimens of flounder platichthys flesus, herring clupea harengus and eelpout zoarces viviparus, three of the most common native fish species of the baltic sea collected in 2009-2011. mn background levels in fish were determined using data obtained in 2001-2011 from 107 baltic sites. extremely high genotoxicity risk zones we ... | 2012 | 22349255 |
| detection of small bioactive peptides from atlantic herring (clupea harengus l.). | recent research has shown that fish residual materials contain a range of components with interesting biological activity. therefore, there is a great potential in the marine bioprocess industry to utilize these by-products as starting material for generating more valuable products. the aim of the present study was to search for bioactive peptides (in particular small natural bioactive peptides with molecular weight lower than 10 kda) in atlantic herring (clupea harengus l.) by-products such as ... | 2012 | 22342594 |
| [new view on the population genetic structure of marine fish]. | the view on homogeneous population genetic structure in many marine fish with high mobility has changed significantly during the last ten years. molecular genetic population studies over the whole ranges of such species as atlantic herring and atlantic cod showed a complex picture of spatial differentiation both on the macrogeographic and, in many areas, on the microgeographic scale, although the differentiation for neutral molecular markers was low. it was established that the migration activit ... | 2011 | 22332403 |
| Dietary supplementation of herring roe and milt enhances hepatic fatty acid catabolism in female mice transgenic for hTNFa | PURPOSE: The beneficial effects of a seafood-rich diet are highly documented and can be attributed to both n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and other less studied nutritional components including protein and antioxidants. The aim of the work was to investigate whether an under-utilized seafood source, eggs (roe) and sperm (milt) from herring (Clupea harengus), can affect lipid metabolism and inflammation in a mouse model transgenic for human tumor necrosis factor alpha (hTNF ... | 2011 | 21986673 |
| effects of multiple scattering, attenuation and dispersion in waveguide sensing of fish. | an ocean acoustic waveguide remote sensing system can instantaneously image and continuously monitor fish populations distributed over continental shelf-scale regions. here it is shown theoretically that the areal population density of fish groups can be estimated from their incoherently averaged broadband matched filtered scattered intensities measured using a waveguide remote sensing system with less than 10% error. a numerical monte-carlo model is developed to determine the statistical moment ... | 2011 | 21895068 |
| interacting trophic forcing and the population dynamics of herring. | small pelagic fish occupy a central position in marine ecosystems worldwide, largely by determining the energy transfer from lower trophic levels to predators at the top of the food web, including humans. population dynamics of small pelagic fish may therefore be regulated neither strictly bottom-up nor top-down, but rather through multiple external and internal drivers. while in many studies single drivers have been identified, potential synergies of multiple factors, as well as their relative ... | 2011 | 21870614 |
| wasp-waist interactions in the north sea ecosystem. | in a "wasp-waist" ecosystem, an intermediate trophic level is expected to control the abundance of predators through a bottom-up interaction and the abundance of prey through a top-down interaction. previous studies suggest that the north sea is mainly governed by bottom-up interactions driven by climate perturbations. however, few studies have investigated the importance of the intermediate trophic level occupied by small pelagic fishes. | 2011 | 21829494 |
| role of egg predation by haddock in the decline of an atlantic herring population. | theoretical studies suggest that the abrupt and substantial changes in the productivity of some fisheries species may be explained by predation-driven alternate stable states in their population levels. with this hypothesis, an increase in fishing or a natural perturbation can drive a population from an upper to a lower stable-equilibrium population level. after fishing is reduced or the perturbation ended, this low population level can persist due to the regulatory effect of the predator. altho ... | 2011 | 21825166 |
| high site fidelity and low site connectivity in temperate salt marsh fish populations: a stable isotope approach. | adult and juvenile fish utilise salt marshes for food and shelter at high tide, moving into adjacent sublittoral regions during low tide. understanding whether there are high levels of site fidelity for different species of coastal fish has important implications for habitat conservation and the design of marine protected areas. we hypothesised that common salt marsh fish species would demonstrate a high site fidelity, resulting in minimal inter-marsh connectivity. carbon ((13)c) and nitrogen (( ... | 2011 | 21786154 |
| seasonal variation in the levels of organohalogen compounds in herring (clupea harengus) from the norwegian sea. | the norwegian spring spawning (nss) herring is an ecologically important fish stock in the norwegian sea, and with a catch volume exceeding one million tons a year it is also economically important and a valuable food source. in order to provide a baseline of the levels of contaminants in this fish stock, the levels of organohalogen compounds were determined in 800 individual herring sampled at 29 positions in the norwegian sea and off the coast of norway. due to seasonal migration, the herring ... | 2011 | 21724232 |
| Vertebrate slow skeletal muscle actin - Conservation, distribution and conformational flexibility. | The existence of a unique sarcomeric actin is demonstrated in teleosts that possess substantial amounts of slow skeletal muscle in the trunk. The slow skeletal isotype is conserved. There is one amino acid substitution between Atlantic herring slow skeletal actin and the equivalent in salmonids. Conversely, the intra-species variation is considerable; 13 substitutions between different herring skeletal isotypes (slow versus fast). The isomorphisms (non-conservative underlined: residues, 2, 3, 10 ... | 2011 | 21722757 |
| epidemiological aspects of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus genotype ii isolated from baltic herring, clupea harengus membras l. | this study was carried out to clarify the role of wild fish, especially baltic herring, clupea harengus membras l., in the epidemiology of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in brackish water in finland. baltic herring with no visible signs of disease were collected from the archipelago sea, the gulf of bothnia and the eastern gulf of finland. in total, 7580 herring were examined by virus isolation as 758 pooled samples and 3029 wild salmonid broodfish as pooled samples during 2004-2006 ... | 2011 | 21623835 |
| a simple method for weight estimation of whole herring (clupea harengus) using planar x-ray imaging. | fish weight is one of the key parameters used in commercial sorting of fresh fish. the capability of on-line and accurate estimation of the weight of each individual fish has a direct impact on profitability for the fish processors. planar x-ray images of whole herring (n = 16) were taken using a commercial medical x-ray apparatus. the integral intensity of all pixels in each image was calculated and correlated with the weight of the respective fish producing a linear relationship with a high co ... | 2011 | 21535833 |
| transcriptional effects of dietary exposure of oil-contaminated calanus finmarchicus in atlantic herring (clupea harengus). | suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) cdna library construction and characterization was used to identify differentially regulated transcripts from oil exposure in liver of male atlantic herring (clupea harengus) fed a diet containing 900 mg crude oil/kg for 2 mo. in total, 439 expressed sequence tags (est) were sequenced, 223 from the forward subtracted library (enriched for genes putatively upregulated by oil exposure) and 216 from the reverse subtracted library (enriched for genes putat ... | 2011 | 21391095 |
| rapid method for the determination of organochlorine pesticides and pcbs in fish muscle samples by microwave-assisted extraction and analysis of extracts by gc-ecd. | a procedure for the multiresidue determination of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in fish muscle samples has been developed. the method is based on the microwave-assisted extraction (mae) of food samples from an acetonitrile-water (95 + 5, v/v) mixture followed by spe cleanup of the extracts and analysis by gc with an electron capture detector. mae operational parameters, such as the extraction solvent, temperature, and time, were optimized with respect to the extraction ... | 2010 | 21313829 |
| interpretation of multi-frequency acoustic data: effects of fish orientation. | one goal of fisheries acoustics is to develop objective classification or identification methods to automate allocation of acoustic backscatter to species. classification schemes rely on consistent relationships for successful apportionment of acoustic backscatter to species. a method is developed that compares frequency-dependent volume backscatter from an acoustical survey of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) to investigate the potential for classifying herring. predicted backscattering patte ... | 2011 | 21302987 |
| morphology and ssu rdna sequences of ortholinea orientalis (shul'man and shul'man-albova, 1953) (myxozoa, ortholineidae) from clupea harengus and sprattus sprattus (clupeidae) from denmark. | ortholinea orientalis (shul'man and shul'man-albova 1953) shul'man 1956 is redescribed from clupea harengus l. and sprattus sprattus (l.) (teleostei, clupeidae) from the northern øresund, denmark. s. sprattus is a new host record. polysporic plasmodia and most myxospores were found in the ureters of both hosts. the myxospores have external valvular ridges, which were not observed in the original description. the presence of this character causes us to consider ortholinea clupeidae aseeva 2000 as ... | 2011 | 21301876 |
| foraging, bioenergetic and predation constraints on diel vertical migration: field observations and modelling of reverse migration by young-of-the-year herring clupea harengus. | diel vertical migration (dvm) of young-of-the-year (yoy) herring clupea harengus and one of their major predators, pikeperch sander lucioperca, was examined using bottom-mounted hydroacoustics in himmerfjärden, a brackish bay of the baltic sea, in summer. in contrast to previous studies on dvm of c. harengus aggregated across size and age classes, yoy c. harengus showed a reverse dvm trajectory, deeper at night and, on average, shallower during the day. this pattern was observed consistently on ... | 2011 | 21284628 |
| environmental pollutants in the swedish marine ecosystem, with special emphasis on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbde). | levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes), polybrominated biphenyls (pbbs), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) and perfluorinated organic compounds (pfcs) were analysed in whole herring (clupea harengus) and sprat (sprattus sprattus), eggs from common eider (somateria mollissima) and eggs and livers from herring gull (larus argentatus) from the swedish west coast. the contaminant values obtained were compared with published values from the arctic marin ... | 2011 | 21220151 |
| feeding ecology of pelagic fish species in the gulf of riga (baltic sea): the importance of changes in the zooplankton community. | the feeding ecology of four pelagic fish species was studied in relation to their prey availability in the gulf of riga (baltic sea) during the summer 1999-2006. the zooplankton community was dominated by the cladoceran bosmina longispina, rotifers keratella cochlearis and k. quadrata and the copepod eurytemora affinis, with the highest interannual variability in abundance recorded for b. longispina. the last influenced the diet of adult sprat sprattus sprattus, juvenile smelt osmerus eperlanus ... | 2010 | 21155782 |
| cholecystokinin (cck) in atlantic herring (clupea harengus l.) - ontogeny and effects of feeding and diurnal rhythms. | neural and alimentary cholecystokinin (cck) levels in atlantic herring, clupea harengus, were analyzed from hatching to 40days after hatching (dah). the head compartment representing the neural pool was quantitatively dominant (>80% of the total cck content) while the digestive tract pool represented 6-10%. during ontogeny the cck level in whole larvae increased almost 15-fold from 0 to 40 dah, being particularly marked from 14 to 20 dah. larvae of 24 to 26 dah were examined for potential occurr ... | 2010 | 21147246 |
| modeling relationships between baltic sea herring (clupea harengus) biology and contaminant concentrations using multivariate data analysis. | baltic sea herring (clupea harengus) is a pelagic, zoo-planktivorous fish and young (2-5 years old) individuals of this species are sampled annually in the swedish marine monitoring program. this study determined concentrations of organochlorines (ocs) and brominated flame retardants (bfrs) in dorsal muscle from herring (n = 60) of varying age (2-13 years), weight (25-200 g), and body length (16-29 cm) caught at three locations in the swedish part of the baltic proper. in order to ensure that th ... | 2010 | 21049924 |
| protein isolation from gutted herring (clupea harengus) using ph-shift processes. | herring ( clupea harengus ) and other pelagic fish species are mainly used for fish meal and oil production and not for human consumption. in this study, acid ph-shift processing and alkaline ph-shift processing were used to isolate proteins from whole gutted herring with the aim to investigate the potential use of herring proteins as a food ingredient. the acid and alkaline processes gave rise to similar protein yields, 59.3 and 57.3%. the protein isolates from both processes had a significantl ... | 2010 | 20828150 |
| toxicity of dispersed weathered crude oil to early life stages of atlantic herring (clupea harengus). | reports of the chronic toxicity of dispersed crude oil to early life stages of fish perpetuate uncertainty about dispersant use. however, realistic exposures to dispersed oil in the water column are thought to be much briefer than exposures associated with chronic toxicity testing. to address this issue, the toxicity of dispersed weathered oil to early life stages of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) was tested for short exposure durations, ranging from 1 to 144 h. toxicity was a function of co ... | 2010 | 20821553 |
| application of a sensitive, specific and controlled real-time pcr assay to surveillance indicates a low prevalence of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in wild herring, clupea harengus l., in scottish waters. | surveillance data on the distribution of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in the north sea (uk), targeting atlantic herring in areas with previous virus detection, were obtained from research cruises conducted during 2005. the sensitive molecular approach of real-time rt-pcr (qrt-pcr) was applied alongside a newly developed endogenous positive control assay specific for herring (elongation factor 1α) to ensure integrity of template. three hundred and five pools from 1937 individual he ... | 2010 | 20735797 |
| implications of climate change for the fishes of the british isles. | recent climatic change has been recorded across the globe. although environmental change is a characteristic feature of life on earth and has played a major role in the evolution and global distribution of biodiversity, predicted future rates of climatic change, especially in temperature, are such that they will exceed any that has occurred over recent geological time. climate change is considered as a key threat to biodiversity and to the structure and function of ecosystems that may already be ... | 2009 | 20735625 |
| depth-dependent swimbladder compression in herring clupea harengus observed using magnetic resonance imaging. | changes in swimbladder morphology in an atlantic herring clupea harengus with pressure were examined by magnetic resonance imaging of a dead fish in a purpose-built pressure chamber. swimbladder volume changed with pressure according to boyle's law, but compression in the lateral aspect was greater than in the dorsal aspect. this uneven compression has a reduced effect on acoustic backscattering than symmetrical compression and would elicit less pronounced effects of depth on acoustic biomass es ... | 2009 | 20735542 |
| variation in fat content and fatty-acid composition of the baltic herring clupea harengus membras. | the fat content and fatty-acid profiles of herring, clupea harengus membras, from the southern baltic sea varied depending on when (fishing season) and where (fishing grounds) the fish were caught as well as on their size and sex. the fat, protein and dry matter content and the fatty-acid profiles were assayed in c. h. membras muscle tissue. the changes observed in fatty-acid profiles were determined by factors such as specimen mass and fat content, which, in turn, depended on fishing season. th ... | 2010 | 20701642 |
| ecological meltdown in the firth of clyde, scotland: two centuries of change in a coastal marine ecosystem. | the firth of clyde is a large inlet of the sea that extends over 100 km into scotland's west coast. | 2010 | 20686614 |
| detecting population structure in a high gene-flow species, atlantic herring (clupea harengus): direct, simultaneous evaluation of neutral vs putatively selected loci. | in many marine fish species, genetic population structure is typically weak because populations are large, evolutionarily young and have a high potential for gene flow. we tested whether genetic markers influenced by natural selection are more efficient than the presumed neutral genetic markers to detect population structure in atlantic herring (clupea harengus), a migratory pelagic species with large effective population sizes. we compared the spatial and temporal patterns of divergence and sta ... | 2011 | 20551979 |
| use of herring bait to farm lobsters in the gulf of maine. | ecologists, fisheries scientists, and coastal managers have all called for an ecosystem approach to fisheries management, yet many species such as the american lobster (homarus americanus) are still largely managed individually. one hypothesis that has yet to be tested suggests that human augmentation of lobster diets via the use of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) as bait may contribute to recent increases in lobster landings. currently 70% of atlantic herring landings in the gulf of maine ar ... | 2010 | 20419167 |
| anisakis simplex third stage larvae in norwegian spring spawning herring (clupea harengus l.), with emphasis on larval distribution in the flesh. | the third stage larvae of the parasitic nematode anisakis simplex commonly occur in most commercially important fish species of the north atlantic, including norwegian spring spawning herring (clupea harengus l.). the presence of nematode larvae in the flesh of fish may significantly lower the aesthetical quality of the product, or even pose a consumer health risk, especially with regard to the possible allergenic nature of the larvae or molecular traces thereof. in this study, the occurrence an ... | 2010 | 20413223 |
| seasonal plankton-fish interactions: light regime, prey phenology, and herring foraging. | when prey and predator are seasonal migrants, encounters depend on migration phenologies and environmental constraints on predation. here we investigate the relative contribution of seasonality in irradiance and prey abundance in shaping the rapid seasonal body condition increase of a migrating predator searching visually for its prey: the norwegian spring-spawning herring, clupea harengus, feeding on the copepod calanus finmarchicus. two main seasonal pulses of prey are available to herring: (1 ... | 2010 | 20391994 |
| viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) genotype ii isolated from european river lamprey lampetra fluviatilis in finland during surveillance from 1999 to 2008. | we examined the occurrence of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in the main spawning stocks of wild european river lamprey lampetra fluviatilis in the rivers of finland from 1999 to 2008. pooled samples of internal organs (kidney, liver and heart or brain) from 2621 lampreys were examined for the presence of vhsv by standard virological techniques. vhsv was isolated from 5 samples from the rivers lestijoki and kalajoki, which flow from finland into the bothnian bay of the baltic sea. t ... | 2010 | 20377008 |
| detecting atlantic herring by parametric sonar. | the difference-frequency band of the kongsberg topas ps18 parametric sub-bottom profiling sonar, nominally 1-6 khz, is being used to observe atlantic herring. representative topas echograms of herring layers and schools observed in situ in december 2008 and november 2009 are presented. these agree well with echograms of volume backscattering strength derived simultaneously with the narrowband simrad ek60/18- and 38-khz scientific echo sounder, also giving insight into herring avoidance behavior ... | 2010 | 20369983 |
| natural, social, economical and political influences on fisheries: a review of the transitional area of the polish waters of the vistula lagoon. | a 60 year (1948-2007) dataset gathered by polish researchers working on the vistula lagoon fish assemblages and fisheries has shown this stressed transitional environment to be always been dominated by a few highly abundant fish species. during this period, the surrounding countries poland and russia (kaliningrad) were transformed from centrally-planned economies with fixed prices to free market systems. the organization of the fishery evolved from one in which the majority of the fishing effort ... | 2010 | 20359718 |
| low-frequency target strength and abundance of shoaling atlantic herring (clupea harengus) in the gulf of maine during the ocean acoustic waveguide remote sensing 2006 experiment. | the low-frequency target strength of shoaling atlantic herring (clupea harengus) in the gulf of maine during autumn 2006 spawning season is estimated from experimental data acquired simultaneously at multiple frequencies in the 300-1200 hz range using (1) a low-frequency ocean acoustic waveguide remote sensing (oawrs) system, (2) areal population density calibration with several conventional fish finding sonar (cffs) systems, and (3) low-frequency transmission loss measurements. the oawrs system ... | 2010 | 20058955 |
| cholecystokinin: molecular cloning and immunohistochemical localization in the gastrointestinal tract of larval red drum, sciaenops ocellatus (l.). | the current study sought to clarify the role of cholecystokinin (cck) in the digestion of larval red drum (sciaenops ocellatus) in order to better characterize the processes limiting the utilization of microparticulate diets at first feeding. the red drum cck cdna, isolated from adult anterior intestine and pyloric caeca, contains a 414 base pair (bp) open reading frame encoding a deduced amino acid sequence of 138 residues which is highly similar to preprocholecystokinin from other vertebrates. ... | 2010 | 19896946 |
| high resolution population density imaging of random scatterers with the matched filtered scattered field variance. | the matched filter enables imaging with high spatial resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio by coherent correlation with the expected field from what is assumed to be a discrete scatterer. in many physical imaging systems, however, returns from a large number of randomized scatterers, ranging from thousands to millions of individuals, are received together and the coherent or expected field vanishes. despite this, it is shown that cross-spectral coherence in the matched filtered variance reta ... | 2009 | 19739718 |
| identification of genes for dimethyl sulfide production in bacteria in the gut of atlantic herring (clupea harengus). | phytoplankton are the primary producers of the sulfur-containing compatible solute dimethylsulfoniopropionate (dmsp). these cells are consumed by mesozooplankton, which, in turn, may be eaten by marine vertebrates. from the gut of one such animal, the atlantic herring clupea harengus, we isolated strains of the gamma-proteobacteria pseudomonas and psychrobacter that grew on dmsp as sole carbon source, and which produced the environmentally important sulfurous volatile dimethyl sulfide (dms). in ... | 2010 | 19710707 |
| efficiency of hemoglobin from rainbow trout, cod, and herring in promotion of hydroperoxide-derived free radicals. | hemoglobin (hb) from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), atlantic cod (gadus morhua), and herring (clupea harengus) were evaluated in terms of capacity to generate hydroperoxide-derived free radicals in aqueous solution at ph 6.8. cumene hydroperoxide (cumooh) was used as a model for preformed lipid hydroperoxides, and free radicals were monitored by stabilizing with the spin trap alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-n-tert-butylnitrone (pobn) and further detection by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. ... | 2009 | 19705833 |
| removal of lipids, dioxins, and polychlorinated biphenyls during production of protein isolates from baltic herring ( clupea harengus ) using ph-shift processes. | dioxins and pcbs are toxic, lipophilic, and persistent substances that impose a serious health threat. a major risk of exposure to these toxic substances is consumption of fish from polluted waters, such as the baltic sea. the aim of this study was to investigate if ph-shift processing of baltic herring with elevated toxicity levels could be used to produce a protein isolate with low fat content and, thereby, reduced dioxin and pcb levels. both acid (ph 2.7) and alkaline (ph 11.2) ph-shift proce ... | 2009 | 19678682 |
| whether depositing fat or losing weight, fish maintain a balance. | in fish, the relative amount of tissues of different densities changes significantly over short periods throughout the year, depending on the availability of food, nutrition and their developmental status, such as sexual maturation. if a land-living animal accumulates fat it influences not only its general state of health, but also markedly increases its energy expenditure for locomotion owing to the force of gravity. on a body submerged in water, this force, which acts on the centre of gravity ... | 2009 | 19675008 |
| temporally stable genetic structure of heavily exploited atlantic herring (clupea harengus) in swedish waters. | information on the temporal stability of genetic structures is important to permit detection of changes that can constitute threats to biological resources. large-scale harvesting operations are known to potentially alter the composition and reduce the variability of populations, and atlantic herring (clupea harengus) has a long history of heavy exploitation. in the baltic sea and skagerrak waters, the census population sizes have declined by 35-50% over the last three decades. we compared the g ... | 2010 | 19654606 |
| disentangling the effects of evolutionary, demographic, and environmental factors influencing genetic structure of natural populations: atlantic herring as a case study. | the spatial structuring of intraspecific genetic diversity is the result of random genetic drift, natural selection, migration, mutation, and their interaction with historical processes. the contribution of each has been typically difficult to estimate, but recent advances in statistical genetics have provided valuable new investigative tools to tackle such complexity. using a combination of such methods, we examined the roles of environment (i.e., natural selection), random genetic processes (i ... | 2009 | 19624724 |
| temporal trends in the bioaccumulation of trace metals in herring, sprat, and cod from the southern baltic sea in the 1994-2003 period. | this study is based on raw data obtained from 1 225 samples of herring (clupea harengus), sprat (sprattus sprattus), and cod (gadus morhua) collected in the 1994-2003 period from the polish coastal zone of the baltic sea. this paper presents the results of investigations of the contents of cu, zn, cd, pb, hg, and as in fish. the aim was to identify temporal trends in trace metal contamination and variations in the concentrations of hg in the flesh of herring, sprat, and cod of different lengths. ... | 2009 | 19580989 |
| mitochondrial dna of anisakis simplex s.s. as a potential tool for differentiating populations. | anisakis simplex s.s. specimens from gadus morhua, gadus ogac, reinhardtius hippoglossoides, clupea harengus, micromesistius poutassou, pleurogrammus monopterygius, and oncorhynchus nerka, caught in the north atlantic and pacific, were examined. identity of the parasite species was confirmed using a molecular key. all specimens were used for amplifying a part of the non-coding sequence of the at-rich region, flanked by the nad6-nad4l-trnw-trne-rrns-trns2, and trnn-trny-nad1 genes. this part of t ... | 2009 | 19530887 |
| lévy processes and stochastic von bertalanffy models of growth, with application to fish population analysis. | the study of animal growth is a longstanding crucial topic of theoretical biology. in this paper we introduce a new class of stochastic growth models that enjoy two crucial properties: the growth path of an individual is monotonically increasing and the mean length at time t follows the classic von bertalanffy model. besides the theoretical development, the models are also tested against a large set of length-at-age data collected on atlantic herring (clupea harengus): the mean lengths and varia ... | 2009 | 19459236 |
| development and use of real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay to quantify cytochrome p4501a1 expression in american mink. | the distribution of natural populations of american mink is restricted to locales that are in proximity to aquatic ecosystems. because of the lipophilicity and persistence of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and reliance of mink on aquatic-based diets, mink at contaminated locales often bioacccumulate high levels of pcbs. in addition, in controlled laboratory studies, mink are highly sensitive at reproductive and developmental end points to the toxic effects of environmental pcb mixtures. it is ... | 2009 | 19277445 |
| toxicity of orimulsion-400 to early life stages of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) and mummichog (fundulus heteroclitus). | the toxicity of orimulsion-400 (pdvsa-bitor), an emulsion of 70% bitumen in 30% water, was tested during the embryonic development of atlantic herring (clupea harengus) and mummichog (fundulus heteroclitus) in duplicate experiments. air injection and different salinities were included in the herring assays to examine their effects on orimulsion-400 toxicity. water-accommodated fractions (wafs) of no. 6 fuel oil were tested in the mummichog assays to compare orimulsion-400 toxicity with that of a ... | 2009 | 19220074 |
| genomic and proteomic analyses reveal non-neofunctionalized vitellogenins in a basal clupeocephalan, the atlantic herring, and point to the origin of maturational yolk proteolysis in marine teleosts. | oocyte hydration is a unique event in oviparous marine teleosts that provides the single-celled egg with an essential pool of water for survival during early development in the saline oceanic environment. a conserved mechanism of maturational yolk proteolysis of a neofunctionalized vitellogenin (vtgaa) has been shown to underlie the hydration event in all teleosts that spawn pelagic eggs (pelagophils), and is argued to be a key adaptation for teleost radiation in the oceanic environment 55 ma. w ... | 2009 | 19174481 |
| behavioral responses of herring (clupea harengus) to 1-2 and 6-7 khz sonar signals and killer whale feeding sounds. | military antisubmarine sonars produce intense sounds within the hearing range of most clupeid fish. the behavioral reactions of overwintering herring (clupea harengus) to sonar signals of two different frequency ranges (1-2 and 6-7 khz), and to playback of killer whale feeding sounds, were tested in controlled exposure experiments in vestfjorden, norway, november 2006. the behavior of free ranging herring was monitored by two upward-looking echosounders. a vessel towing an operational naval sona ... | 2009 | 19173441 |
| marine mammals' influence on ecosystem processes affecting fisheries in the barents sea is trivial. | some interpretations of ecosystem-based fishery management include culling marine mammals as an integral component. the current norwegian policy on marine mammal management is one example. scientific support for this policy includes the scenario barents sea (sbs) models. these modelled interactions between cod, gadus morhua, herring, clupea harengus, capelin, mallotus villosus and northern minke whales, balaenoptera acutorostrata. adding harp seals phoca groenlandica into this top-down modelling ... | 2009 | 19126534 |
| investigation of pcdd/fs and dl-pcbs in fish from the southern baltic sea during the 2002-2006 period. | concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-pcbs) in the southern baltic herring (clupea harengus), sprat (sprattus sprattus), and salmon (salmo salar) are reported. the significant interspecies and season-specific differences in pcdd/fs and dl-pcbs concentrations were observed. the contribution of dl-pcbs to the total toxicity equivalents (teqs) ranged between 50% and 70%, dependently on fish s ... | 2009 | 19108863 |
| influence of herring (clupea harengus) and herring fractions on metabolic status in rats fed a high energy diet. | few dietary studies have looked beyond fish oil to explain the beneficial metabolic effects of a fish-containing diet. our aim was to study whether addition of herring, or sub-fractions of herring, could counteract negative metabolic effects known to be induced by a high-fat, high-sugar diet. | 2009 | 19076113 |
| characterization of rainbow trout cell lines using microsatellite dna profiling. | ten microsatellite loci (omy27du,omy325(a3)uog, omyfgt5tuf,omyfgt14tuf, omyfgt15tuf,omyfgt23tuf, omy77du,ssa20.19nuig, ots1bml, andone18asc) were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction to create genetic profiles for nine cell lines (rtg-2, rth-149,rtl-w1,rtgill-w1, rts-11, rts-34st, rtp-2, rtp-91e and rtp-91f) from rainbow trout(oncorhynchus mykiss) and one cell line (chse-214) from chinook salmon (o. tschawytscha). a cell line (phl) from anon-salmonid, the pacific herring (clupea harengu ... | 2001 | 19002917 |
| effect of various electric field strengths and current durations on stunning and spinal injuries of atlantic herring. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of electric field strength and current duration on wild-caught atlantic herring clupea harengus stunned with sinusoidal 50-hz ac in seawater. the fish were exposed to electric field strengths ranging from 16 to 142 v/m and current durations from 1 to 12 s. we recorded the elapsed times between the point at which each fish became unconscious and the points at which it resumed normal behavioral functions. we also investigated injuries such as broken ... | 2008 | 18783132 |
| the marine herring myxozoan ceratomyxa auerbachi (myxozoa: ceratomyxidae) uses chone infundibuliformis (annelida: polychaeta: sabellidae) as invertebrate host. | sequencing of ssu rdna showed that actinospores of the tetractinomyxon type, which develop in chone infundibuliformis krøyer (annelida, polychaeta, sabellidae) from the northern øresund, denmark, are identical with ceratomyxa auerbachi kabata, 1962 (myxozoa, ceratomyxidae). this myxosporean was found in the gallbladder of the atlantic herring clupea harengus l. from the northern øresund, denmark, and from the bergen area, western norway. the pansporocysts and actinospores of c. auerbachi are des ... | 2008 | 18666412 |
| high-speed assessment of fat and water content distribution in fish fillets using online imaging spectroscopy. | a nondestructive method using online spectral imaging has been developed for quantitative measurements of moisture and fat distribution in six species of fish fillets: atlantic halibut (hippoglossus hippoglossus), catfish (icatalurus punctatus), cod (gadus morhua), mackerel (scomber japonicus), herring (clupea harengus), and saithe (pollachius virens). a spectral image cube was acquired for each fish fillet, and a subsampling approach for relating spectral and chemical features was applied. spec ... | 2008 | 18656933 |
| herring ( clupea harengus) intake influences lipoproteins but not inflammatory and oxidation markers in overweight men. | fish consumption is associated with a lower incidence of cvd and decreases in risk factors for atherosclerosis. although fish contains other interesting components than fish oil, few studies focus on total fish composition and the influence food preparation might have on health-beneficial components. in the present cross-over intervention study the effect of a 6-week herring diet compared with a reference diet on cvd risk factors was investigated. thirty-five healthy, but overweight, men (mean b ... | 2009 | 18634706 |
| ultrastructural study of chloride cells in the trunk epithelium of larval herring, clupea harengus. | mitochondria-rich cells of the mid-trunk region of herring larvae, as revealed by daspmi staining under fluorescent microscopy, were identified as chloride cells. the chloride cells were generally solitary, and seldom made direct contact with each other. the shape of the cells varied with position on the body wall, those in dorsal locations being more compressed in the apical/basal direction. the structure of the chloride cells was similar to that described for other teleost species but there we ... | 1997 | 18627826 |
| content of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids in three canned fish species. | three canned fish species--pacific saury (cololabis saira), pacific herring (clupea harengus) and baltic sprat (sprattus sprattus)--most common and popular in russia, were analyzed for fatty acids. special attention was paid to long-chain essential polyunsaturated fatty acids: eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5omega3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6omega3). sums of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in saury, herring and sprat were, on average, 2.42, 1.80 and 1.43 g/100 g product, respective ... | 2009 | 18608541 |
| effect of hot smoking on the content of selected polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in herring (clupea harengus) slices. | herring ( clupea harengus) (as well as sprat and mackerel) is a fish species intensively harvested by the polish fishing fleet. its relatively low price and the habits of polish consumers contribute to its high economic importance in poland. among 125.6 thousand tons of marine fish harvested in 2006, herring constituted 22.2 thousand tons (including 7.6 thousand tons harvested from the north sea). fish are usually subjected to various culinary treatments, which can influence the concentrations o ... | 2008 | 18481864 |
| enantiomer-specific accumulation of hexabromocyclododecanes in eggs of predatory birds. | the diastereomeric composition of hexabromocyclododecane (hbcd) in eggs of peregrine falcon (falco peregrinus), white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla), guillemot (uria aalge) and common tern (sterna hirundo) as well as the guillemots' main prey, herring (clupea harengus) was determined by reversed-phase chromatography with triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometric detection (lc-ms-ms). alpha-hbcd was the predominant diastereomer in all bird species, while in herring, gamma-hbcd made a su ... | 2008 | 18440589 |
| comment on "silent research vessels are not quiet" [j. acoust. soc. am. 121, el145-el150]. | the recent paper by ona et al. [j. acoust. soc. am. 121, el145-el150] compared avoidance reactions by herring (clupea harengus) to a traditional and a "silent" research vessel. surprisingly, the latter evoked the strongest avoidance, leading to the conclusion that "candidate stimuli for vessel avoidance remain obscure." in this comment, it is emphasized that the otolith organs in fish are linear acceleration detectors with extreme sensitivity to infrasonic particle acceleration. near-field parti ... | 2008 | 18396987 |
| a comparison of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of fish tissues following lipid extractions with non-polar and traditional chloroform/methanol solvent systems. | stable isotope ratios act as chemical tracers of animal diet, and are used to study food web dynamics. because carbon stable isotope values are influenced by tissue lipid content, a number of extraction methods have been used to remove lipid bias, but, in some species and tissues, extractions also alter nitrogen isotope values. we have analyzed delta(13)c and delta(15)n in atlantic bluefin tuna liver and white muscle, and whole atlantic herring, fish tissues covering a wide range of lipid conten ... | 2008 | 18327856 |
| startle response of captive north sea fish species to underwater tones between 0.1 and 64 khz. | world-wide, underwater background noise levels are increasing due to anthropogenic activities. little is known about the effects of anthropogenic noise on marine fish, and information is needed to predict any negative effects. behavioural startle response thresholds were determined for eight marine fish species, held in a large tank, to tones of 0.1-64 khz. response threshold levels varied per frequency within and between species. for sea bass, the 50% reaction threshold occurred for signals of ... | 2008 | 18295877 |
| effect of milk protein concentrate on lipid oxidation and formation of fishy volatiles in herring mince (clupea harengus) during frozen storage. | the effect of milk protein concentrate (mpc) at 0, 2, 4, and 6% on lipid oxidation and volatile formation in frozen stored herring mince (-18 degrees c) was evaluated by analyzing samples at 0, 2, and 4 months for fatty acid composition, volatiles, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (tbars). sensory evaluation was also conducted to assess the intensity of fishy odor, and the volatiles were analyzed using static headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (shgc-ms). the addition of 4 ... | 2008 | 18052036 |
| changes in the antioxidative property of herring (clupea harengus) press juice during a simulated gastrointestinal digestion. | the aqueous fraction (press juice, pj) from herring muscle was recently shown to inhibit hemoglobin-mediated oxidation of washed fish mince lipids during ice storage. as a first step to evaluate potential in vivo antioxidative effects from herring pj, the aim of this study was to investigate whether herring pj retains its antioxidative capacity during a simulated gastrointestinal (gi) digestion. press juice from whole muscle (wmpj) and light muscle (lmpj) was mixed with pepsin solution followed ... | 2007 | 18038988 |
| solubility and viscosity of herring (clupea harengus) proteins as affected by freezing and frozen storage. | the aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of freezing and frozen storage at -24 degrees c on the quality of icelandic herring fillets, focusing on protein solubility and viscosity at ph 2.7 and 11 used for ph-aided protein isolation. the evaluation of quality was based on chemical analyses, protein degradation measurements, and changes in protein solubility and viscosity at ph 2.7 and 11 after up to 6-mo frozen storage of the herring fillets. lipid oxidation measured as tbars values incre ... | 2007 | 17995635 |
| infection of wild fishes by the parasitic copepod caligus elongatus on the south east coast of norway. | natural caligus elongatus nordmann infections of wild coastal fishes on the norwegian south east coast were monitored at various times of the year from 2002 to 2004. the prevalence for all coastal fish (n = 4427) pooled was 15%, and there were great differences between fish species and seasons. lumpfish cyclopterus lumpus l. spawners were the most infected fish, with a prevalence of 61% and a median intensity of 4 lice fish(-1), whereas gadids had a mean prevalence of 19% and a median infection ... | 2007 | 17972757 |
| characterization of oxidative changes in salted herring (clupea harengus) during ripening. | salted herring were prepared in barrels according to a traditional recipe. the biochemical changes in the fish and in the brine were monitored during a prolonged ripening period (12 months). the process was followed by measuring ph, protein, salt, dry matter, free fatty acids, and lipid content in the brine and in the fish according to standard protocols. the results showed that most of the biochemical changes occurred at an early stage in the ripening process. lipid oxidation was followed in th ... | 2007 | 17939737 |
| antioxidative properties of press juice from herring (clupea harengus) against hemoglobin (hb) mediated oxidation of washed cod mince. | the antioxidative effect of herring (clupea harengus) light muscle press juice (pj) against hemoglobin-(hb-) mediated oxidation of washed cod mince during ice storage was tested. the pj was fractionated into low-molecular-weight (lmw; <1 [corrected] kda) and high-molecular-weight (hmw; >1, >3.5, and > 50 kda) fractions; it was preheated (10 min, 100 degrees c) and tested with or without removing heat coagulated proteins. its antioxidative effect was compared with that given by endogenous levels ... | 2007 | 17939734 |
| levels of pcdd/f and dioxin-like pcb in baltic fish of different age and gender. | concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdd), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdf) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) in baltic sea fish like herring (clupea harengus membras), sprat (sprattus sprattus balticus), perch (perca fluviatilis), pikeperch (sander lucioperca) and flounder (platichthys flesus trachurus) collected from four areas of the estonian coastal waters are reported. all samples are studied for their relationship between the length (cm) and wet weight (g); length (c ... | 2008 | 17931686 |
| hemoglobin-mediated lipid oxidation and compositional characteristics of washed fish mince model systems made from cod (gadus morhua), herring (clupea harengus), and salmon (salmo salar) muscle. | the use of washed cod light muscle minces in mechanistic studies of hemoglobin (hb)-mediated fish lipid oxidation has largely increased in the past 5 years. although cod light muscle has a low level of intrinsic lipid oxidation catalysts, a prerequisite for a good oxidation model system, we believe it cannot fully mimic the oxidation kinetics taking place in other fish species being more susceptible to lipid oxidation. the aim of this study was to systematically investigate whether washed mince ... | 2007 | 17910510 |
| atlantic herring: stock discreteness and abundance. | the number of genetically distinct herring stocks is determined by the number of distinct, geographically stable larval retention areas. spawning sites in these areas may be highly localized or dispersed. absolute population size mostly depends on the retention area available to the density-dependent larval-postlarval stage. although the extreme seasonal range of spawning time shown by atlantic herring is not fully accounted for by a new hypothesis, current theory is not supported by the hypothe ... | 1982 | 17842372 |
| visual pigments of baltic sea fishes of marine and limnic origin. | absorbance spectra of rods and some cones were measured by microspectrophotometry in 22 fish species from the brackish-water of the baltic sea, and when applicable, in the same species from the atlantic ocean (3 spp.), the mediterranean sea (1 sp.), or finnish fresh-water lakes (9 spp.). the main purpose was to study whether there were differences suggesting spectral adaptation of rod vision to different photic environments during the short history (<10(4) years) of postglacial isolation of the ... | 2007 | 17822578 |
| parasites of fingerling herring clupea harengus l.: ecology and fine morphology. | the parasite fauna of young-of-the-year herring clupea harengus l., off gullmarsfjord and brofjorden, west coast of sweden, was studied between may and october for 4 years, from 1994 to 1997. fifteen species of parasites were found: two protozoa - trichodina sp. and ceratomyxa auerbachi; one species of uncertain affinity - ichthyophonus hoferi; two monogenea - gyrodactylus harengi and pseudanthocotyloides heterocotyle; five digenea - cryptocotyle lingua metacercariae, cercaria pythionike metacer ... | 2007 | 17578600 |
| spatial and temporal variations in parasite prevalence and infracommunity structure in herring (clupea harengus l.) caught to the west of the british isles and in the north and baltic seas: implications for fisheries science. | herring clupea harengus l. viscera were examined for endoparasitic infections as part of a multidisciplinary stock identification project (westher, eu contract no. q5rs-2002-01 056) which applied a range of stock discrimination techniques to the same individual fishes to obtain comparable results for multivariate analysis. spawning and non-spawning adults, and juvenile herring were caught, over 3 years, by commercial and research vessels from numerous locations to the west of the uk and ireland, ... | 2007 | 17578594 |
| density dependence and density independence during the early life stages of four marine fish stocks. | recruitment variability caused by density-dependent and density-independent processes is an important area within the study of fish dynamics. these processes can exhibit nonlinearities and nonadditive properties that may have profound dynamic effects. we investigate the importance of population density (i.e., density dependence) and environmental forcing (i.e., density independence) on the age-0 and age-1 abundance of capelin (mallotus villosus), northeast arctic cod (gadus morhua), northeast ar ... | 2007 | 17503591 |
| silent research vessels are not quiet. | behavior of herring (clupea harengus) is stimulated by two ocean-going research vessels; respectively designed with and without regard to radiated-noise-standards. both vessels generate a reaction pattern, but, contrary to expectations, the reaction initiated by the silent vessel is stronger and more prolonged than the one initiated by the conventional vessel. the recommendations from the scientific community on noise-reduced designs were motivated by the expectation of minimizing bias on survey ... | 2007 | 17471759 |
| cathepsin d from atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.) liver. isolation and comparative studies. | the isolated cathepsin d-like enzyme from atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.) liver was shown to be a monomer with a molecular mass of approximately 40 kda. it was inhibited by pepstatin a and had an optimum for degradation of haemoglobin at ph 3.0. the purified enzyme had lower temperature stability than bovine cathepsin d. antibodies raised against the purified enzyme and against two c-terminal peptides of cod cathepsin d recognized a 40 kda protein in immunoblotting of the samples from the purific ... | 2007 | 17428719 |
| predicting effects of exploitation rate on weight-at-age, population dynamics, and bioaccumulation of pcdd/fs and pcbs in herring (clupea harengus l.) in the northern baltic sea. | the baltic sea ecosystem and fish stocks contain high concentrations of environmental chemicals such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdd/fs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). this study forecasts how changes in fishing or natural mortality would probably influence concentrations of pcdd/f and pcb in the bothnian sea (northern baltic) herring (clupea harengus l.). an age-structured simulation model was developed to forecast herring stock dynamics, cat ... | 2007 | 17410774 |
| concordance of allozyme and microsatellite differentiation in a marine fish, but evidence of selection at a microsatellite locus. | previous studies have reported higher levels of divergence for microsatellites than for allozymes in several species, suggested to reflect stabilizing selection on the allozymes. we compared the differentiation patterns of 11 allozyme and nine microsatellite loci using 679 spawning atlantic herring (clupea harengus) collected in the baltic and north seas to test for differential natural selection on these markers. observed distributions of f statistics for the two types of markers are conspicuou ... | 2007 | 17391402 |
| echolocation clicks from killer whales (orcinus orca) feeding on herring (clupea harengus). | echolocation clicks from norwegian killer whales feeding on herring schools were recorded using a four-hydrophone array. the clicks had broadband bimodal frequency spectra with low and high frequency peaks at 24 and 108 khz, respectively. the -10 db bandwidth was 35 khz. the average source level varied from 173 to 202 db re 1 micropa (peak-to-peak) at 1 m. this is considerably lower than source levels described for canadian killer whales foraging on salmon. it is suggested that biosonar clicks o ... | 2007 | 17348498 |
| effects of acoustic alarms, designed to reduce small cetacean bycatch in gillnet fisheries, on the behaviour of north sea fish species in a large tank. | world-wide many cetaceans drown incidentally in fishing nets. to reduce the unwanted bycatch in gillnets, pingers (acoustic alarms) have been developed that are attached to the nets. in the european union, pingers will be made compulsory in some areas in 2005 and in others in 2007. however, pingers may effect non-target marine fauna such as fish. therefore in this study, the effects of seven commercially-available pingers on the behaviour of five north sea fish species in a large tank were quant ... | 2007 | 17316783 |