Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| purification and characterization of a novel kazal-type trypsin inhibitor from the leech of hirudinaria manillensis. | kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitors are found in a large number of living organisms and play crucial roles in various biological and physiological processes. although some kazal-type serine protease inhibitors have been identified in leeches, none has been reported from hirudinaria manillensis, which is a medically important leech. in this study, a novel kazal-type trypsin inhibitor was isolated from leech h. manillensis, purified and named as bdellin-hm based on the sequence similarity with ... | 2016 | 27455325 |
| selective factors associated with the evolution of codon usage in natural populations of arboviruses. | arboviruses (arthropod borne viruses) have life cycles that include both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts with substantial differences in vector and host specificity between different viruses. most arboviruses utilize rna for their genetic material and are completely dependent on host trnas for their translation, suggesting that virus codon usage could be a target for selection. in the current study we analyzed the relative synonymous codon usage (rscu) patterns of 26 arboviruses together with ... | 2016 | 27455096 |
| far beyond phagocytosis: phagocyte-derived extracellular traps act efficiently against protozoan parasites in vitro and in vivo. | professional mononuclear phagocytes such as polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn), monocytes, and macrophages are considered as the first line of defence against invasive pathogens. the formation of extracellular traps (ets) by activated mononuclear phagocytes is meanwhile well accepted as an effector mechanism of the early host innate immune response acting against microbial infections. recent investigations showed evidence that etosis is a widely spread effector mechanism in vertebrates and inve ... | 2016 | 27445437 |
| comparison of optical microscopy and quantitative polymerase chain reaction for estimating parasitaemia in patients with kala-azar and modelling infectiousness to the vector lutzomyia longipalpis. | currently, the only method for identifying infective hosts with leishmania infantum to the vector lutzomyia longipalpis is xenodiagnosis. more recently, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) has been used to model human reservoir competence by assuming that detection of parasite dna indicates the presence of viable parasites for infecting vectors. since this assumption has not been proven, this study aimed to verify this hypothesis. the concentration of amastigotes in the peripheral bloo ... | 0 | 27439033 |
| experimental infection of phlebotomus perniciosus by bioluminescent leishmania infantum using murine model and artificial feeder. | leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease that is transmitted by sandflies and caused by obligate intracellular protozoa of the genus leishmania. in the present study, we carried out a screening on the experimental infection of phlebotomus pernioucus by bioluminescent leishmania infantum using murine model and artificial feeder. we developed a real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr)-based method to determine individually the number of leishmania promastigotes fed by infected flies. among 1840 ... | 0 | 27439032 |
| dna barcode for the identification of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis plant feeding preferences in a tropical urban environment. | little is known about the feeding behavior of hematophagous insects that require plant sugar to complete their life cycles. we studied plant feeding of lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies, known vectors of leishmania infantum/chagasi parasites, in a brazilian city endemic with visceral leishmaniasis. the dna barcode technique was applied to identify plant food source of wild-caught l. longipalpis using specific primers for a locus from the chloroplast genome, ribulose diphosphate carboxylase. dna f ... | 2016 | 27435430 |
| decentralized control of human visceral leishmaniasis in endemic urban areas of brazil: a literature review. | human migration and concomitant hiv infections are likely to bring about major changes in the epidemiology of some parasitic infections in brazil. human visceral leishmaniasis (hvl) control is particularly fraught with intricacies. it is against a backdrop of decentralized health care that the complex hvl control initiatives are brought to bear. this comprehensive review aims to explore the obstacles facing decentralized hvl control in urban endemic areas in brazil. | 2016 | 27433128 |
| molecular diversity between salivary proteins from new world and old world sand flies with emphasis on bichromomyia olmeca, the sand fly vector of leishmania mexicana in mesoamerica. | sand fly saliva has been shown to have proteins with potent biological activities, salivary proteins that can be used as biomarkers of vector exposure, and salivary proteins that are candidate vaccines against different forms of leishmaniasis. sand fly salivary gland transcriptomic approach has contributed significantly to the identification and characterization of many of these salivary proteins from important leishmania vectors; however, sand fly vectors in some regions of the world are still ... | 2016 | 27409591 |
| diffuse and disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis: clinical cases experienced in ecuador and a brief review. | in ecuador, cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is prevalent countrywide, but only one case of diffuse-cl and two cases of disseminated-cl were experienced during our research activities more than 30 years from 1982 to date. these three patients suffered from multiple lesions distributed at a wide range of the body surface, revealing difficulty to clinically differentiate each other. | 2016 | 27398061 |
| canine antibody response to lutzomyia longipalpis saliva in endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis. | canine exposure to lutzomyia longipalpis bites and the potential of leishmania infantum transmissibility for the vector were evaluated. | 2017 | 27384835 |
| human and canine visceral leishmaniasis in an emerging focus in araçuaí, minas gerais: spatial distribution and socio-environmental factors. | this study aimed to analyse the spatial distribution of human (2007-2013) and canine (2013) visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in the city of araçuaí, minas gerais, brazil, and identify the socio-environmental factors related to their occurrence. the spatial distribution of human and canine cases was analysed by kernel density estimation (kde) and the k function. the kde values were analysed for correlation between human and canine lv and for normalised difference vegetation index (ndvi). socio-environ ... | 0 | 27384080 |
| differential expression profiles of the salivary proteins sp15 and sp44 from phlebotomus papatasi. | sand fly saliva has been shown to help parasite establishment and to induce immune responses in vertebrate hosts. in the current study, we investigated the pattern of expression of two phlebotomus papatasi salivary transcripts in specific physiological and seasonal conditions at a hyperendemic area of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) in iran. | 2016 | 27342811 |
| anthropophily of lutzomyia wellcomei (diptera: psychodidae) in an atlantic forest conservation unit in northeast brazil. | lutzomyia wellcomei (fraiha, shaw & lainson) (diptera: psychodidae) can act as an important vector of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis this study presents the results of collections carried out in a fragment of atlantic forest in a conservation unit of rio grande do norte state. collections occurred over 12 consecutive months using shannon and cdc traps. a total of 777 sand flies from eight species were collected: lutzomyia walkeri (newstead), lutzomyia evandroi (costa lima & antunes), lutzomyi ... | 2016 | 27330100 |
| taxonomy, diversity, temporal and geographical distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis in colombia: a retrospective study. | leishmaniases are tropical zoonotic diseases, caused by kinetoplastid parasites from the genus leishmania. new world (nw) species are related to sylvatic cycles although urbanization processes have been reported in some south american countries such as colombia. currently, few studies show the relative distribution of leishmania species related to cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in south america due to the lack of accurate surveillance and public health systems. herein, we conducted a systematic es ... | 2016 | 27328969 |
| comparative analysis of carbohydrate residues in the midgut of phlebotomines (diptera: psychodidae) from colony and field populations from amazon, brazil. | leishmaniasis are worldwide diseases that occur in 98 countries including brazil, transmitted by the bite of female phlebotomines during blood feeding. in brazil it is known that some species of sand flies as lutzomyia longipalpis sensun latum (vector of leishmania infantum chagasi), lutzomyia flaviscutellata (vector of leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis) and lutzomyia antunesi [suspected vector of leishmania (viannia) lindenbergi] are incriminated of transmitting the parasite leishmania for th ... | 2016 | 27264642 |
| performance of conventional pcrs based on primers directed to nuclear and mitochondrial genes for the detection and identification of leishmania spp. | in visceral leishmaniasis, the detection of the agent is of paramount importance to identify reservoirs of infection. here, we evaluated the diagnostic attributes of pcrs based on primers directed to cytochrome-b (cytb), cytochrome-oxidase-subunit ii (coxii), cytochrome-c (cytc), and the minicircle-kdna. although pcrs directed to cytb, coxii, cytc were able to detect different species of leishmania, and the nucleotide sequence of their amplicons allowed the unequivocal differentiation of species ... | 2016 | 27253743 |
| abundance of lutzomyia longipalpis in urban households as risk factor of transmission of visceral leishmaniasis. | urban occurrence of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is linked to households with characteristics conducive to the presence of sand flies. this study proposes an ad hoc classification of households according to the environmental characteristics of receptivity to phlebotominae and an entomological study to validate the proposal. here we describe the phlebotominae population found in intra- and peridomiciliary environments and analyse the spatiotemporal distribution of the vl vector lu ... | 0 | 27223866 |
| xenodiagnosis on dogs with visceral leishmaniasis: canine and sand fly aspects related to the parasite transmission. | one of the main limitations for the effective control of canine leishmaniasis in endemic areas is the difficulty in identifying infectious dogs. the objective of this study was to determine factors, related to dogs and to parasite detection in sand flies, which are associated with the positive xenodiagnosis of leishmania infantum using the vector lutzomyia longipalpis. the xenodiagnosis was performed in 50 owned dogs residing in endemic areas, which were divided into three different groups: g1-2 ... | 2016 | 27198788 |
| plant-derived compounds in treatment of leishmaniasis. | leishmaniasis is a neglected public health problem caused by the protozoan species belonging to the genus leishmania affecting mostly the poor populations of developing countries. the causative organism is transmitted by female sandflies. cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral clinical manifestations are the most frequent forms of leishmaniasis. chemotherapy still relies on the use of pentavalent antimonials, amphotericin b, paromomycin, miltefosin and liposomal amphotericin b. however, the appl ... | 0 | 27175144 |
| occurrence of lutzomyia longipalpis andhuman and canine cases of visceral leishmaniasis and evaluation of their expansion in the northwest region of the state of são paulo, brazil. | introduction this paper aims to describe the dispersion of lutzomyia longipalpis and the autochthonous occurrence of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in the northwest region of the state of são paulo between 2007 and 2013 and to analyze their expansion. methods information about the vector and associated cases was described using maps. the incidence, mortality, and lethality of human visceral leishmaniasis (hvl) were calculated. in municipalities in which more than one hvl case occurred, incidences w ... | 2016 | 27163563 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis vaccination: a matter of quality. | there have been exhaustive efforts to develop an efficient vaccine against leishmaniasis. factors like host and parasite genetic characteristics, virulence, epidemiological scenarios, and, mainly, diverse immune responses triggered by leishmania species make the achievement of this aim a complex task. it is already clear that the induction of a th1, pro-inflammatory response, is important in the protection against leishmania infection. however, many questions must still be answered to fully unde ... | 2016 | 27148270 |
| the site of the bite: leishmania interaction with macrophages, neutrophils and the extracellular matrix in the dermis. | leishmania spp., the causative agents of leishmaniasis, are intracellular parasites, transmitted to humans via the bite of their sand fly vectors. once inoculated, the promastigotes are exposed to the dermis, which is composed of extracellular matrix (ecm), growth factors and its resident cells. promastigote forms are phagocytosed by macrophages recruited to the site of the sand fly bite, either directly or after interaction with neutrophils. since leishmania is an intracellular parasite, its in ... | 2016 | 27146515 |
| rhodnius prolixus and r. robustus (hemiptera: reduviidae) nymphs show different locomotor patterns on an automated recording system. | circadian rhythms of triatomines, vectors of the etiological agent trypanosoma cruzi responsible for chagas disease, have been extensively studied in adults of the two most epidemiologically relevant vector species, rhodnius prolixus and triatoma infestans. however, little attention has been dedicated to the activity patterns in earlier developmental stages, even though triatomine nymphs are equally capable of transmitting t. cruzi to humans. because circadian rhythms may differ even between clo ... | 2016 | 27121502 |
| leishmania infantum genetic diversity and lutzomyia longipalpis mitochondrial haplotypes in brazil. | leishmania infantum is the etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in the americas with domestic dogs being its major reservoir hosts. the main vl vector is the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis, while other lutzomyia species may play a role in disease transmission. although the genetic structure of l. infantum populations has been widely evaluated, only a few studies have addressed this subject coupled to the genetic structure of the respective sandfly vectors. in this study, we analyzed t ... | 2016 | 27119085 |
| the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis ll5 embryonic cell line has active toll and imd pathways and shows immune responses to bacteria, yeast and leishmania. | lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in latin america. sandfly immune responses are poorly understood. in previous work we showed that these vector insects respond to bacterial infections by modulating a defensin gene expression and activate the imd pathway in response to leishmania infection. aspects of innate immune pathways in insects (including mosquito vectors of human diseases) have been revealed by studying insect cell lines, and we have previously demonstrat ... | 2016 | 27098567 |
| antissaliva antibodies of lutzomyia longipalpis in area of visceral leishmaniasis. | the aim of the present study was to assess the presence of antissaliva antibodies of lutzomyia longipalpis in human hosts living in area of visceral leishmaniasis, located in the center-west region of brazil. the presence of antissaliva antibodies of l. longipalpis exhibited a strong correlation with the protection and development of antibodies against leishmania sp. of the 492 children studied, elevated antissaliva antibodies of l. longipalpis were detected in 38.4% of the participants. there w ... | 2016 | 27093167 |
| diagnostic doses and times for phlebotomus papatasi and lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) using the cdc bottle bioassay to assess insecticide resistance. | insecticide resistance to synthetic chemical insecticides is a worldwide concern in phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae), the vectors of leishmania spp. parasites. the cdc bottle bioassay assesses resistance by testing populations against verified diagnostic doses and diagnostic times for an insecticide, but the assay has been used limitedly with sand flies. the objective of this study was to determine diagnostic doses and diagnostic times for laboratory lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & n ... | 2016 | 27083417 |
| visceral leishmaniasis in petrolina, state ofpernambuco, brazil, 2007-2013. | visceral leishmaniasis is a life-threatening disease of great public health relevance in brazil. the municipality of petrolina is an endemic area in the state of pernambuco, brazil. this study was designed to assess the recent expansion of vl in the municipality of petrolina, pernambuco. patients data were obtained from the brazilian national information system for notifiable diseases (sinan). a total of 111 records from 2007 to 2013 were investigated, of which 69 were residents in petrolina. th ... | 2016 | 27074323 |
| seasonal and physiological variations of phlebotomus papatasi salivary gland antigens in central iran. | sand fly saliva helps parasite establishment and induce immune responses in vertebrate hosts. in the current study, we investigated the modulation of phlebotomus papatasi salivary gland antigen expression by seasonal and biological factors. | 2015 | 27047970 |
| an evaluation of light-emitting diode (led) traps at capturing phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) in a livestock area in brazil. | a study to evaluate the use of light-emitting diodes (leds) as an attractant for phlebotomine sand flies at two animal pens in a livestock area in brazil was performed. light-suction traps were operated overnight with the following light sources: green, blue, and incandescent (control) lights. in total, 22 individual collections were made at each site and 44 with each trap type. in total, 2,542 specimens belonging to 14 phlebotomine species were collected. the most abundant species in the light ... | 2016 | 27026156 |
| characterization of a digestive α-amylase in the midgut of pieris brassicae l. (lepidoptera: pieridae). | the current study deals with a digestive α-amylase in the larvae of pieris brassicae l. through purification, enzymatic characterization, gene expression, and in vivo effect of a specific inhibitor, acarbose. although α-amylase activity was the highest in the whole gut homogenate of larvae but compartmentalization of amylolytic activity showed an equal activity in posterior midgut (pm) and anterior midgut (am). a three step purification using ammonium sulfate, sepharyl g-100 and deae-cellulose f ... | 2016 | 27014094 |
| digestion of yeasts and beta-1,3-glucanases in mosquito larvae: physiological and biochemical considerations. | aedes aegypti larvae ingest several kinds of microorganisms. in spite of studies regarding mosquito digestion, little is known about the nutritional utilization of ingested cells by larvae. we investigated the effects of using yeasts as the sole nutrient source for a. aegypti larvae. we also assessed the role of beta-1,3-glucanases in digestion of live yeast cells. beta-1,3-glucanases are enzymes which hydrolyze the cell wall beta-1,3-glucan polyssacharide. larvae were fed with cat food (control ... | 2016 | 27007411 |
| molecular identification of lutzomyia migonei (diptera: psychodidae) as a potential vector for leishmania infantum (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae). | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in brazil is caused by the protozoan leishmania infantum. this parasite is transmitted by the bite of a female sand fly. the most important sand fly species in vl transmission is lutzomyia longipalpis. in fortaleza, the capital of ceará state, brazil, the simultaneous occurrence of lutzomyia migonei and l. longipalpis was detected in localities where vl transmission is observed. the purpose of this study was to determine conclusively if l. migonei can be found natural ... | 2016 | 26995718 |
| lutzomyia migonei is a permissive vector competent for leishmania infantum. | leishmania infantum is the most widespread etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in the world, with significant mortality rates in human cases. in latin america, this parasite is primarily transmitted by lutzomyia longipalpis, but the role of lutzomyia migonei as a potential vector for this protozoan has been discussed. laboratory and field investigations have contributed to this hypothesis; however, proof of the vector competence of l. migonei has not yet been provided. in this study ... | 2016 | 26988559 |
| recombinant salivary proteins of phlebotomus orientalis are suitable antigens to measure exposure of domestic animals to sand fly bites. | certain salivary proteins of phlebotomine sand flies injected into the host skin during blood-feeding are highly antigenic and elicit strong antibody-mediated immune responses in repeatedly-exposed hosts. these antibodies can be measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assays (elisas) using salivary gland homogenates (sghs) as the source of antigens and serve as a markers for exposure to biting sand flies. large-scale screening for anti-sand fly saliva antibodies requires replacement of sgh with ... | 2016 | 26986566 |
| leishmania infantum infection in blood donors, northeastern brazil. | 2016 | 26982482 | |
| study of leishmania pathogenesis in mice: experimental considerations. | although leishmaniases are endemic in 98 countries, they are still considered neglected tropical diseases. leishmaniases are characterized by the emergence of new virulent and asymptomatic strains of leishmania spp. and, as a consequence, by a very diverse clinical spectrum. to fight more efficiently these parasites, the mechanisms of host defense and of parasite virulence need to be thoroughly investigated. to this aim, animal models are widely used. however, the results obtained with these mod ... | 2016 | 26969511 |
| pyrosequencing the midgut transcriptome of the banana weevil cosmopolites sordidus (germar) (coleoptera: curculionidae) reveals multiple protease-like transcripts. | the banana weevil cosmopolites sordidus is an important and serious insect pest in most banana and plantain-growing areas of the world. in spite of the economic importance of this insect pest very little genomic and transcriptomic information exists for this species. in the present study, we characterized the midgut transcriptome of c. sordidus using massive 454-pyrosequencing. we generated over 590,000 sequencing reads that assembled into 30,840 contigs with more than 400 bp, representing a sig ... | 2016 | 26949943 |
| a historical overview of the classification, evolution, and dispersion of leishmania parasites and sandflies. | the aim of this study is to describe the major evolutionary historical events among leishmania, sandflies, and the associated animal reservoirs in detail, in accordance with the geographical evolution of the earth, which has not been previously discussed on a large scale. | 2016 | 26937644 |
| impact of trypanosoma cruzi on antimicrobial peptide gene expression and activity in the fat body and midgut of rhodnius prolixus. | rhodnius prolixus is a major vector of trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of chagas disease in latin america. in natural habitats, these insects are in contact with a variety of bacteria, fungi, virus and parasites that they acquire from both their environments and the blood of their hosts. microorganism ingestion may trigger the synthesis of humoral immune factors, including antimicrobial peptides (amps). the objective of this study was to compare the expression levels of amps (defensins an ... | 2016 | 26931761 |
| high resolution melting analysis targeting hsp70 as a fast and efficient method for the discrimination of leishmania species. | protozoan parasites of the genus leishmania cause a large spectrum of clinical manifestations known as leishmaniases. these diseases are increasingly important public health problems in many countries both within and outside endemic regions. thus, an accurate differential diagnosis is extremely relevant for understanding epidemiological profiles and for the administration of the best therapeutic protocol. | 2016 | 26928050 |
| identification of canine visceral leishmaniasis in a previously unaffected area by conventional diagnostic techniques and cell-block fixation. | after the report of a second case of canine visceral leishmaniasis (cvl) in são bento da lagoa, itaipuaçu, in the municipality of maricá, rio de janeiro state, an epidemiological survey was carried out, through active search, totaling 145 dogs. indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and rapid chromatographic immunoassay based on dual-path platform (dpp) were used to perform the serological examinations. the parasitological diagnosis of cutaneous fragm ... | 2016 | 26910449 |
| sensitivity and specificity of parallel or serial serological testing for detection of canine leishmania infection. | in brazil, human and canine visceral leishmaniasis (cvl) caused by leishmania infantum has undergone urbanisation since 1980, constituting a public health problem, and serological tests are tools of choice for identifying infected dogs. until recently, the brazilian zoonoses control program recommended enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) and indirect immunofluorescence assays (ifa) as the screening and confirmatory methods, respectively, for the detection of canine infection. the purpose ... | 2016 | 26910354 |
| insecticidal effect of plant extracts on phlebotomus argentipes (diptera: psychodidae) in bihar, india. | phlebotomus argentipes (diptera: psychodidae), the established vector for kala-azar is presently being controlled by indoor residual spray of ddt in kala-azar endemic areas in india. search for non-hazardous and non-toxic biodegradable active molecules from botanicals may provide cost-effective and eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic insecticides. the present study was aimed at evaluating various plant extracts from endemic and non-endemic areas of bihar for their insecticidal activity agains ... | 0 | 26905249 |
| duplication and diversification of dipteran argonaute genes, and the evolutionary divergence of piwi and aubergine. | genetic studies of drosophila melanogaster have provided a paradigm for rna interference (rnai) in arthropods, in which the microrna and antiviral pathways are each mediated by a single argonaute (ago1 and ago2) and germline suppression of transposable elements is mediated by a trio of piwi-subfamily argonaute proteins (ago3, aub, and piwi). without a suitable evolutionary context, deviations from this can be interpreted as derived or idiosyncratic. here we analyze the evolution of argonaute gen ... | 2016 | 26868596 |
| sand flies (diptera, psychodidae, phlebotominae), vectors of leishmania protozoa, at an atlantic forest conservation unit in the municipality of nísia floresta, rio grande do norte state, brazil. | sand flies are insect vectors of protozoa from the genus leishmania, causative parasites of visceral and american tegumentary leishmaniases. the present study discusses the bioecological aspects of sand fly species, transmitters of leishmania protozoa, in different ecotopes of an atlantic forest conservation unit located in the metropolitan region of natal, rio grande do norte state, brazil. | 2016 | 26864023 |
| spread of phlebotominae in temperate climates: province of córdoba, argentina. | we report the presence of the competent vector for leishmania spp, migonemyia migonei, and the evandromyia cortelezzii-sallesi complex south of its known distribution in the central temperate region of argentina, in the province of córdoba. the persistence of this phlebotomine in the northern border of the province, its association with a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis, and the new record in the outskirts of the city of córdoba, the second most populated in the country, strengthens the need for ... | 0 | 26814647 |
| understanding the transmission dynamics of leishmania donovani to provide robust evidence for interventions to eliminate visceral leishmaniasis in bihar, india. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is a neglected vector-borne disease. in india, it is transmitted to humans by leishmania donovani-infected phlebotomus argentipes sand flies. in 2005, vl was targeted for elimination by the governments of india, nepal and bangladesh by 2015. the elimination strategy consists of rapid case detection, treatment of vl cases and vector control using indoor residual spraying (irs). however, to achieve sustained elimination of vl, an appropriate post elimination surveillanc ... | 2016 | 26812963 |
| pac1r agonist maxadilan enhances hadsc viability and neural differentiation potential. | pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap) is a structurally endogenous peptide with many biological roles. however, little is known about its presence or effects in human adipose-derived stem cells (hadscs). in this study, the expression of pacap type i receptor (pac1r) was first confirmed in hadscs. maxadilan, a specific agonist of pac1r, could increase hadsc proliferation as determined by cell counting kit-8 and cell cycle analysis and promote migration as shown in wound-heali ... | 2016 | 26798992 |
| "the environment is everything that isn't me": molecular mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics of insect clocks in variable surroundings. | circadian rhythms are oscillations in behavior, metabolism and physiology that have a period close to 24 h. these rhythms are controlled by an internal pacemaker that evolved under strong selective pressures imposed by environmental cyclical changes, mainly of light and temperature. the molecular nature of the circadian pacemaker was extensively studied in a number of organisms under controlled laboratory conditions. but although these studies were fundamental to our understanding of the circadi ... | 2016 | 26793115 |
| new insights into the transmissibility of leishmania infantum from dogs to sand flies: experimental vector-transmission reveals persistent parasite depots at bite sites. | canine leishmaniasis (canl) is a chronic fatal disease of dogs and a major source of human infection through propagation of parasites in vectors. here, we infected 8 beagles through multiple experimental vector transmissions with leishmania infantum-infected lutzomyia longipalpis. canl clinical signs varied, although live parasites were recovered from all dog spleens. splenic parasite burdens correlated positively with leishmania-specific interleukin 10 levels, negatively with leishmania-specifi ... | 2016 | 26768257 |
| salo, a novel classical pathway complement inhibitor from saliva of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis. | blood-feeding insects inject potent salivary components including complement inhibitors into their host's skin to acquire a blood meal. sand fly saliva was shown to inhibit the classical pathway of complement; however, the molecular identity of the inhibitor remains unknown. here, we identified salo as the classical pathway complement inhibitor. salo, an 11 kda protein, has no homology to proteins of any other organism apart from new world sand flies. rsalo anti-complement activity has the same ... | 2016 | 26758086 |
| attraction and oviposition preferences of phlebotomus papatasi (diptera: psychodidae), vector of old-world cutaneous leishmaniasis, to larval rearing media. | as part of a project aimed at developing oviposition attractants for the control and surveillance of phlebotomus papatasi (a vector of old-world cutaneous leishmaniasis), we tested the hypothesis that gravid sand flies are attracted to chemical cues emanating from the growth medium of conspecific larvae - predominantly larvae-conditioned host feces that represents a suitable oviposition site. we report the results of a systematic assessment of media from various developmental stages of the sand ... | 2015 | 26714743 |
| antibodies to leishmania spp. in domestic felines. | leishmaniasis is a vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by protozoa in the genus leishmania, typical of rural and peri-urban environments. the causative agent of american visceral leishmaniasis is leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi and the main insect vector in brazil is lutzomyia longipalpis. dogs (canis familiaris) are important in the transmission of the disease, as a reservoir closely related to humans and an infection source for phlebotomine vectors. since 1990, an increasing number o ... | 2015 | 26689182 |
| laboratory validation of the sand fly fever virus antigen assay. | sandfly fever group viruses in the genus phlebovirus (family bunyaviridae) are widely distributed across the globe and are a cause of disease in military troops and indigenous peoples. we assessed the laboratory sensitivity and specificity of the sand fly fever virus antigen assay, a rapid dipstick assay designed to detect sandfly fever naples virus (sfnv) and toscana virus (tosv) against a panel of phleboviruses. the assay detected sfnv and tosv, as well as other phleboviruses including aguacat ... | 2015 | 26675463 |
| seroepidemiological survey of canine leishmania infections from peripheral areas in natal, northeast brazil. | human visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in natal, northeast of brazil, where the domestic dog is an important parasite reservoir in the infectious cycle of leishmania spp. in this study, was evaluated the antileishmanial igg antibody and epidemiological factors related to canine visceral leishmaniasis (cvl). | 2015 | 26668661 |
| the concise guide to pharmacology 2015/16: g protein-coupled receptors. | the concise guide to pharmacology 2015/16 provides concise overviews of the key properties of over 1750 human drug targets with their pharmacology, plus links to an open access knowledgebase of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. the full contents can be found at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.13348/full. g protein-coupled receptors are one of the eight major pharmacological targets into ... | 0 | 26650439 |
| natural transmission of leishmania infantum through experimentally infected phlebotomus perniciosus highlights the virulence of leishmania parasites circulating in the human visceral leishmaniasis outbreak in madrid, spain. | a human leishmaniasis outbreak is occurring in the madrid region, spain, with the parasite and vector involved being leishmania infantum and phlebotomus perniciosus respectively. the aim of this study was to investigate the virulence of l. infantum isolates from the focus using a natural transmission model. hamsters were infected by intraperitoneal inoculation (ip) or by bites of sand flies experimentally infected with l. infantum isolates obtained from p. perniciosus collected in the outbreak a ... | 2015 | 26645907 |
| ecological niche modelling predicts southward expansion of lutzomyia (nyssomyia) flaviscutellata (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae), vector of leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis in south america, under climate change. | vector borne diseases are susceptible to climate change because distributions and densities of many vectors are climate driven. the amazon region is endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis and is predicted to be severely impacted by climate change. recent records suggest that the distributions of lutzomyia (nyssomyia) flaviscutellata and the parasite it transmits, leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis, are expanding southward, possibly due to climate change, and sometimes associated with new human inf ... | 2015 | 26619186 |
| first report of the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in america, lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz, neiva, 1912) (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae), in southern minas gerais state, brazil. | 2015 | 26611979 | |
| performance of light-emitting diode traps for collecting sand flies in entomological surveys in argentina. | the performance of two light-emitting diode traps with white and black light for capturing phlebotomine sand flies, developed by the argentinean leishmaniasis research network (redila-wl and redila-bl traps), were compared with the traditional cdc incandescent light trap. entomological data were obtained from six sand fly surveys conducted in argentina in different environments. data analyses were conducted for the presence and the abundance of lutzomyia longipalpis, migonemyia migonei, and nyss ... | 2015 | 26611973 |
| in vitro activity of phospholipase a2 and of peptides from crotalus durissus terrificus venom against amastigote and promastigote forms of leishmania (l.) infantum chagasi. | american visceral leishmaniasis is caused by the intracellular parasite leishmania (l.) infantum chagasi, and transmitted by the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis. since treatment is based on classical chemotherapeutics with significant side effects, the search for new drugs remains the greatest global challenge. thus, this in vitro study aimed to evaluate the leishmanicidal effect of crotalus durissus terrificus venom fractions on promastigote and amastigote forms of leishmania (l.) infantum chaga ... | 2015 | 26609302 |
| natural hybrid of leishmania infantum/l. donovani: development in phlebotomus tobbi, p. perniciosus and lutzomyia longipalpis and comparison with non-hybrid strains differing in tissue tropism. | infection caused by parasites from l. donovani complex can manifest as a serious visceral disease or a self-healing milder cutaneous form. the different tropism and pathology in humans is caused by the interaction between parasites, host and vector determinants but the mechanisms are not well understood. in cukurova region in turkey we previously identified a major focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by l. donovani/infantum hybrids (cuk strain) and isolated this parasite from the locally abu ... | 2015 | 26608249 |
| first report of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi in an urban area of rio de janeiro, brazil. | american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) is an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus leishmania, and transmitted by sandflies. in the state of rio de janeiro, almost all of the cases of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) are caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, while cases of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) are caused by leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi. the resurgence of autochthonous vl cases in rio de janeiro is related to the geographic expansion of the vector ... | 0 | 26603237 |
| geographical expansion of canine visceral leishmaniasis in rio de janeiro state, brazil. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is a vector-borne disease that affects humans, and domestic and wild animals. it is caused by the protozoan leishmania (leishmania) infantum (syn = leishmania chagasi). the domestic dog (canis familiaris) is considered the main reservoir of the etiologic agent of vl in domestic and peridomestic environments. in the past three years, although control actions involving domestic dogs are routinely performed in endemic areas of the rio de janeiro state, new cases of canin ... | 0 | 26603233 |
| leishmania amazonensis dna in wild females of lutzomyia cruzi (diptera: psychodidae) in the state of mato grosso do sul, brazil. | studies on natural infection by leishmania spp of sandflies collected in endemic and nonendemic areas can provide important information on the distribution and intensity of the transmission of these parasites. this study sought to investigate the natural infection by leishmaniain wild female sandflies. the specimens were caught in the city of corumbá, state of mato grosso do sul (brazil) between october 2012-march 2014, and dissected to investigate flagellates and/or submitted to molecular analy ... | 2015 | 26602870 |
| arthropod vectors and disease transmission: translational aspects. | 2015 | 26583380 | |
| vectorborne transmission of leishmania infantum from hounds, united states. | leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by predominantly vectorborne leishmania spp. in the united states, canine visceral leishmaniasis is common among hounds, and l. infantum vertical transmission among hounds has been confirmed. we found that l. infantum from hounds remains infective in sandflies, underscoring the risk for human exposure by vectorborne transmission. | 0 | 26583260 |
| wolbachia and the insect immune system: what reactive oxygen species can tell us about the mechanisms of wolbachia-host interactions. | wolbachia are intracellular bacteria that infect a vast range of arthropod species, making them one of the most prevalent endosymbionts in the world. wolbachia's stunning evolutionary success is mostly due to their reproductive parasitism but also to mutualistic effects such as increased host fecundity or protection against pathogens. however, the mechanisms underlying wolbachia phenotypes, both parasitic and mutualistic, are only poorly understood. moreover, it is unclear how the insect immune ... | 2015 | 26579107 |
| kinetics of anti-phlebotomus perniciosus saliva antibodies in experimentally bitten mice and rabbits. | sand flies are hematophagous arthropods that act as vectors of leishmania parasites. when hosts are bitten they develop cellular and humoral responses against sand fly saliva. a positive correlation has been observed between the number of bites and antibody levels indicating that anti-saliva antibody response can be used as marker of exposure to sand flies. little is known about kinetics of antibodies against phlebotomus perniciosus salivary gland homogenate (sgh) or recombinant salivary protein ... | 2015 | 26569103 |
| exosome secretion by the parasitic protozoan leishmania within the sand fly midgut. | despite several studies describing the secretion of exosomes by leishmania in vitro, observation of their formation and release in vivo has remained a major challenge. herein, we show that leishmania constitutively secretes exosomes within the lumen of the sand fly midgut through a mechanism homologous to the mammalian pathway. through egestion experiments, we demonstrate that leishmania exosomes are part of the sand fly inoculum and are co-egested with the parasite during the insect's bite, pos ... | 2015 | 26565909 |
| evaluation of light-emitting diodes as attractant for sandflies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) in northeastern brazil. | hoover pugedo light traps were modified for use with green and blue-light-emitting diodes to trap phlebotomine sandflies in northeastern brazil. a total of 2,267 specimens belonging to eight genera and 15 species were sampled. the predominant species were nyssomyia whitmani(34.41%) and micropygomyia echinatopharynx(17.25%).the green led trap prevailed over the blue and control lights; however, no statistically significant difference could be detected among the three light sources. even without s ... | 0 | 26517661 |
| lutzomyia longipalpis urbanisation and control. | since the description of lutzomyia longipalpis by lutz and neiva more than 100 years ago, much has been written in the scientific literature about this phlebotomine species. soares and turco (2003) and lainson and rangel (2005) have written extensive reviews focused on vector-host-parasite interactions and american visceral leishmaniasis ecology. however, during the last two decades, the success of lu. longipalpis in colonising urban environments and its simultaneous geographical spreading have ... | 2015 | 26517497 |
| dna barcoding of neotropical sand flies (diptera, psychodidae, phlebotominae): species identification and discovery within brazil. | dna barcoding has been an effective tool for species identification in several animal groups. here, we used dna barcoding to discriminate between 47 morphologically distinct species of brazilian sand flies. dna barcodes correctly identified approximately 90% of the sampled taxa (42 morphologically distinct species) using clustering based on neighbor-joining distance, of which four species showed comparatively higher maximum values of divergence (range 4.23-19.04%), indicating cryptic diversity. ... | 2015 | 26506007 |
| the shadows of a ghost: a survey of canine leishmaniasis in presidente prudente and its spatial dispersion in the western region of são paulo state, an emerging focus of visceral leishmaniasis in brazil. | visceral leishmaniasis is an emerging zoonosis and its geographic distribution is restricted to tropical and temperate regions. most of the individuals infected in latin america are in brazil. despite the control measures that have been adopted, the disease is spreading throughout new regions of the country. domestic dogs are involved in the transmission cycle and are considered to be the main epidemiologic reservoir of leishmania infantum (syn. l. chagasi). our aim was to determine the prevalen ... | 2015 | 26503368 |
| de novo assembly and sex-specific transcriptome profiling in the sand fly phlebotomus perniciosus (diptera, phlebotominae), a major old world vector of leishmania infantum. | the phlebotomine sand fly phlebotomus perniciosus (diptera: psychodidae, phlebotominae) is a major old world vector of the protozoan leishmania infantum, the etiological agent of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases in humans and dogs, a worldwide re-emerging diseases of great public health concern, affecting 101 countries. despite the growing interest in the study of this sand fly species in the last years, the development of genomic resources has been limited so far. to increase the available ... | 2015 | 26493315 |
| nestedness patterns of sand fly (diptera: psychodidae) species in a neotropical semi-arid environment. | a common pattern in neotropical leishmania spp. transmission is the co-occurrence of several sand fly (sf) species at endemic foci. we collected 13 sf spp. by direct aspiration in natural resting places (nrp) and 10 sf spp. with shannon traps (st), totaling 15 spp. with both methods, at 6 locations within a semi-arid region with endemic visceral leishmaniasis transmission in falcón state, northwestern venezuela. we used null model testing of species co-occurrence and nestedness metrics estimated ... | 2016 | 26456179 |
| successful isolation of leishmania infantum from rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (acari: ixodidae) collected from naturally infected dogs. | the main transmission route of leishmania infantum is through the bites of sand flies. however, alternative mechanisms are being investigated, such as through the bites of ticks, which could have epidemiological relevance. the objective of this work was to verify the presence of leishmania spp. in rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato collected from naturally infected dogs in the federal district of brazil. | 2015 | 26452666 |
| infectiousness of sylvatic and synanthropic small rodents implicates a multi-host reservoir of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | the possibility that a multi-host wildlife reservoir is responsible for maintaining transmission of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis causing human cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is tested by comparative analysis of infection progression and infectiousness to sandflies in rodent host species previously shown to have high natural infection prevalences in both sylvatic or/and peridomestic habitats in close proximity to humans in northeast brazil. | 2015 | 26448187 |
| clocks do not tick in unison: isolation of clock and vrille shed new light on the clockwork model of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis. | behavior rhythms of insect vectors directly interfere with the dynamics of pathogen transmission to humans. the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in america and concentrates its activity around dusk. despite the accumulation of behavioral data, very little is known about the molecular bases of the clock mechanism in this species. this study aims to characterize, within an evolutionary perspective, two important circadian clock genes, clock and vrille. | 2015 | 26438221 |
| colonization of lutzomyia verrucarum and lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) by bartonella bacilliformis, the etiologic agent of carrión's disease. | bartonella bacilliformis is a pathogenic bacterium transmitted to humans presumably by bites of phlebotomine sand flies, infection with which results in a bi-phasic syndrome termed carrión's disease. after constructing a low-passage gfp-labeled strain of b. bacilliformis, we artificially infected lutzomyia verrucarum and l. longipalpis populations, and subsequently monitored colonization of sand flies by fluorescence microscopy. initially, colonization of the two fly species was indistinguishabl ... | 2015 | 26436553 |
| natural infection of phlebotomines (diptera: psychodidae) by leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis in an area of ecotourism in central-western brazil. | bonito municipality, known as an area of ecoturism, in mato grosso do sul state, brazil, is also a focus of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases, with cases registered in both human and canine populations. this study sought to investigate natural infection by flagellate forms of leishmania in phlebotomines of the urban area of bonito. | 2015 | 26435708 |
| spatial distribution of sand fly vectors and eco-epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in colombia. | leishmania is transmitted by phlebotominae insects that maintain the enzootic cycle by circulating between sylvatic and domestic mammals; humans enter the cycles as accidental hosts due to the vector's search for blood source. in colombia, leishmaniasis is an endemic disease and 95% of all cases are cutaneous (cl), these cases have been reported in several regions of the country where the intervention of sylvatic areas by the introduction of agriculture seem to have an impact on the rearrangemen ... | 2015 | 26431546 |
| canine visceral leishmaniasis case investigation in the jacare region of niteroi, rio de janeiro, brazil. | american visceral leishmaniasis is a vector-borne zoonosis in expansion in brazil. dogs are the main urban reservoir. departing from a case of canine visceral leishmaniasis (cvl) in jacaré, niterói, rio de janeiro state, an epidemiological canine and entomological study was performed to assess the extension of the disease at the location. sample was collected around the case and the dogs identified by serological tests (rapid double platform immunochromatographic exams, immunoenzymatic assay/eli ... | 0 | 26422157 |
| identification of sandflies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) blood meals in an endemic leishmaniasis area in brazil. | the aim of this study was to identify blood meals of female sandflies captured in the municipality of governador valadares, an endemic area of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, in the state of minas gerais, brazil. from may 2011 to january 2012, captures were performed using hp light traps in four districts. there were 2,614 specimens (2,090 males and 524 females) captured; 97 engorged females were identified belonging to the species lutzomyia longipalpis(82.1%) and lutzomyia cortelezzii(17. ... | 0 | 26422156 |
| first description of migonemyia migonei (frança) and nyssomyia whitmani (antunes & coutinho) (psychodidae: phlebotominae) natural infected by leishmania infantum in argentina. | leishmania infantum is the etiological agent of the visceral leishmaniasis (vl) disease in america, with lutzomyia longipalpis phlebotomine sandflies as its proven vectors in argentina, and infected dogs as its main urban reservoir. in puerto iguazú city (misiones province, argentina), human and canine cases of vl were recorded. additionally, in the rural area known as "2000 hectáreas", less than 10km away from the city, several human cases of tegumentary leishmaniasis (tl) were registered deter ... | 2015 | 26409011 |
| correction: lutzomyia longipalpis presence and abundance distribution at different micro-spatial scales in an urban scenario. | 2015 | 26407075 | |
| baseline susceptibility to alpha-cypermethrin in lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912) from lapinha cave (brazil). | given the increase in cases of visceral leishmaniasis in recent years, associated with the socio-economic impact of this disease, as well as the wide distribution of lutzomyia longipalpis in brazil and the likelihood that this vector may develop resistance to insecticides used for control, the ministry of health considers as crucial the creation of a network in order to study and monitor the resistance of this vector to insecticides used for control. in this sense, this study aimed: 1) to charac ... | 2015 | 26381242 |
| an insight into the sialome of the horse fly, tabanus bromius. | blood feeding animals face their host's defenses against tissue injury and blood loss while attempting to feed. one adaptation to surmount these barriers involves the evolution of a salivary potion that disarms their host's inflammatory and anti-hemostatic processes. the composition of the peptide moiety of this potion, or sialome (from the greek sialo = saliva), can be deducted in part by proper interpretation of the blood feeder' sialotranscriptome. in this work we disclose the sialome of the ... | 2015 | 26369729 |
| validation of recombinant salivary protein ppsp32 as a suitable marker of human exposure to phlebotomus papatasi, the vector of leishmania major in tunisia. | during a blood meal, female sand flies, vectors of leishmania parasites, inject saliva into the host skin. sand fly saliva is composed of a large variety of components that exert different pharmacological activities facilitating the acquisition of blood by the insect. importantly, proteins present in saliva are able to elicit the production of specific anti-saliva antibodies, which can be used as markers for exposure to vector bites. serological tests using total sand fly salivary gland extracts ... | 2015 | 26368935 |
| the biting midge culicoides sonorensis (diptera: ceratopogonidae) is capable of developing late stage infections of leishmania enriettii. | despite their importance in animal and human health, the epidemiology of species of the leishmania enriettii complex remains poorly understood, including the identity of their biological vectors. biting midges of the genus forcipomyia (lasiohelea) have been implicated in the transmission of a member of the l. enriettii complex in australia, but the far larger and more widespread genus culicoides has not been investigated for the potential to include vectors to date. | 2015 | 26367424 |
| transmissibility of leishmania infantum from maned wolves (chrysocyon brachyurus) and bush dogs (speothos venaticus) to lutzomyia longipalpis. | leishmania (leishmania) infantum is the cause of visceral leishmaniasis in the americas. the disease is transmitted mostly through the bite of the invertebrate vector, the phlebotomine lutzomyia longipalpis in the new world. although the domestic dog is considered the most important reservoir of the disease, other mammalian, including wildlife, are susceptible to infection. the goal of this study was to perform xenodiagnosis to evaluate the capacity of naturally infected maned wolves (chrysocyon ... | 2015 | 26342623 |
| phenotypic and genotypic variations among three allopatric populations of lutzomyia umbratilis, main vector of leishmania guyanensis. | in south america, lutzomyia umbratilis is the main vector of leishmania guyanensis, one of the species involved in the transmission of american tegumentary leishmaniasis. in brazil, l. umbratilis has been recorded in the amazon region, and in the state of pernambuco, northeastern region, where an isolated population has been identified. this study assessed the phylogeographic structure and size and shape differences of the wing of three brazilian populations. | 2015 | 26338469 |
| assessing insecticide susceptibility of laboratory lutzomyia longipalpis and phlebotomus papatasi sand flies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae). | chemical insecticides are effective for controlling lutzomyia and phlebotomus sand fly (diptera: psychodidae) vectors of leishmania parasites. however, repeated use of certain insecticides has led to tolerance and resistance. the objective of this study was to determine lethal concentrations (lcs) and lethal exposure times (lts) to assess levels of susceptibility of laboratory lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz and nieva) and phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli) to 10 insecticides using a modified version of ... | 2015 | 26336231 |
| morphometric analysis of longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) complex populations in mato grosso do sul, brazil. | owing to the existence of cryptic species that are difficult to distinguish morphologically, the search for new taxonomic characters and methods for identifying and classifying sand flies continues. lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912) and lutzomyia cruzi (mangabeira, 1938) (diptera: psychodidae) are two such species that occur in sympatry in some regions of mato grosso do sul state (ms). twenty females and twenty males from each of the five populations of lu. longipalpis and one populatio ... | 2015 | 26334809 |
| an ecological study of sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) in the vicinity of lençóis maranhenses national park, maranhão, brazil. | the lençóis maranhenses national park, located in maranhão, brazil, is a region of exceptional beauty and a popular tourist destination. the adjoining area has suffered from the impact of human activity and, consequently, has experienced outbreaks of leishmaniasis. this study aimed to evaluate the composition, abundance, species richness and seasonal distribution of sand flies in the region and to determine the constancy of the insect population. | 2015 | 26315017 |
| immunogenicity and serological cross-reactivity of saliva proteins among different tsetse species. | tsetse are vectors of pathogenic trypanosomes, agents of human and animal trypanosomiasis in africa. components of tsetse saliva (sialome) are introduced into the mammalian host bite site during the blood feeding process and are important for tsetse's ability to feed efficiently, but can also influence disease transmission and serve as biomarkers for host exposure. we compared the sialome components from four tsetse species in two subgenera: subgenus morsitans: glossina morsitans morsitans (gmm) ... | 2015 | 26313460 |
| trypanosomes modify the behavior of their insect hosts: effects on locomotion and on the expression of a related gene. | as a result of evolution, the biology of triatomines must have been significantly adapted to accommodate trypanosome infection in a complex network of vector-vertebrate-parasite interactions. arthropod-borne parasites have probably developed mechanisms, largely still unknown, to exploit the vector-vertebrate host interactions to ensure their transmission to suitable hosts. triatomines exhibit a strong negative phototaxis and nocturnal activity, believed to be important for insect survival agains ... | 2015 | 26291723 |
| comparison of the phlebotomine (diptera: psychodidae) fauna of urban, transitional, and wild areas in northern minas gerais, brazil. | phlebotomines are directly related to the study of leishmaniases, and so the study of their distribution plays an important role in the epidemiology of these diseases. collections of phlebotomines were made with the intent of comparing the distribution, richness, diversity, and abundance of species in three distinct environments in an area endemic for tegumentary and visceral leishmaniasis in minas gerais state, brazil. | 2015 | 26286135 |
| techniques to improve the maintenance of a laboratory colony of nyssomyia neivai (diptera: psychodidae). | the most critical phase in sand fly colonization is the high mortality in the larval instars. in this study, we sought out strategies for improving the colonization of nyssomyia neivai, one of the vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis agent in south america. | 2015 | 26276040 |