Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| antioxidant and gene expression responses of eisenia fetida following repeated exposure to bde209 and pb in a soil-earthworm system. | this study first adopted repeated treatment model to investigate stress responses in earthworms (eisenia fetida) following exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209) and lead (pb), which are the mainly co-existed contaminants at e-waste recycling sites. we evaluated the impacts of bde209-pb on antioxidative enzyme (superoxide dismutase, sod; catalase, cat) activities, malondialdehyde (mda) contents and transcriptional levels of three target genes (sod, cat and hsp70), and further explored the ... | 2016 | 26971217 |
| survival, growth, detoxifying and antioxidative responses of earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to soils with industrial ddt contamination. | the survival, growth, activity of the biotransformation system phase ii enzyme glutathione-s-transferase (gst) and the oxidative defense enzyme catalase (cat) of earthworms exposed to the contaminated soils from a former ddt plant and reference soils were investigated, and compared with the corresponding indicators in simulated soil-earthworm system, unpolluted natural soils with spiked-in ddt series, to identify the toxic effects of ddt on earthworms and their cellular defense system in complex ... | 2016 | 26969436 |
| behaviors of n-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide ethanol (n-etfose) in a soil-earthworm system: transformation and bioaccumulation. | n-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamido ethanol (n-etfose) is a typical precursor of perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos). in this study, the behaviors of n-etfose in a soil-earthworm system, including biodegradation in soil and bioaccumulation and biotransformation in earthworms (eisenia fetida) were investigated. n-etfose could be biodegraded in soil and biotransformed in earthworms to several metabolites, including n-ethylperfluorooctane sulfonamide acetate (n-etfosaa), perfluorooctane sulfonamide ac ... | 2016 | 26950632 |
| joint acute toxicity of the herbicide butachlor and three insecticides to the terrestrial earthworm, eisenia fetida. | the herbicide butachlor and three insecticides phoxim, chlorpyrifos, and lambda-cyhalotrhin are widely used pesticides with different modes of action. as most previous laboratory bioassays for these pesticides have been conducted solely based on acute tests with a single compound, only limited information is available on the possible combined toxicity of these common chemicals to soil organisms. in this study, we evaluated their mixture toxicity on the terrestrial earthworm, eisenia fetida, with ... | 2016 | 26946506 |
| gene expression profile changes in eisenia fetida chronically exposed to pfoa. | eisenia fetida is a terrestrial organism, which can be used to diagnose sub-lethal concentrations of pfoa by using molecular biomarkers. in order to identify potential molecular biomarkers, we have exposed e. fetida to 10 mg/kg of pfoa in soil for 8 months. the mrna isolation, sequencing, transcriptome assembly followed by differential gene expression studies have revealed that genes that are involved in apoptotic process, reproduction, calcium signalling, neuronal development and lipid metaboli ... | 2016 | 26942927 |
| cow manure composting by microbial treatment for using as potting material: an overview. | dairy industry is flourishing in saudi arabia for the last two decades producing milk and milk products to meet the population needs. simultaneously, it is also producing large amount of dairy waste (animal manure) posing a serious environmental issues. vermicomposting (conversion of animal manure into compost by bacterial treatments) is considered as one of the safest means for efficient management and to mitigate environmental pollution issues resulting from land disposal of raw dairy wastes. ... | 2016 | 26930795 |
| comparative toxicity and bioaccumulation of fenvalerate and esfenvalerate to earthworm eisenia fetida. | more attention is being paid to the enantioselective toxicity of chiral pesticides. however, limited investigations have been done to assess the ecological risks of chiral pesticides to soil community. fenvalerate (fv), an extensively used synthetic pyrethroid, is a typical chiral pesticide. the most insecticidally active enantiomer of fv, esfenvalerate (esfv), also has been marketed and widely used. in this study, the toxicological sensitivity and bioaccumulation of fv and esfv in earthworms we ... | 2016 | 26900980 |
| effects of heat-treatment on the stability and composition of metabolomic extracts from the earthworm eisenia fetida. | environmental metabolomics studies employing earthworms as sentinels for soil contamination are numerous, but the instability of the metabolite extracts from these organisms has been minimally addressed. this study evaluated the efficacy of adding a heat-treatment step in two commonly used extraction protocols (bligh and dyer and d2o phosphate buffer) as a pre-analytical stabilization method. the resulting metabolic profiles of eisenia fetida were assessed using principal component analysis and ... | 2017 | 26893595 |
| multibiomarker response in the earthworm eisenia fetida as tool for assessing multi-walled carbon nanotube ecotoxicity. | carbon nanotubes have received a great attention in the last years thanks to their remarkable structural, electrical, and chemical properties. nowadays carbon nanotubes are increasingly found in terrestrial and aquatic environment and potential harmful impacts of these nanoparticles on humans and wildlife are attracting increasing research and public attention. the effects of carbon nanotubes on aquatic organisms have been explored by several authors, but comparatively the information available ... | 2016 | 26892788 |
| comparison of the chemical, physical and microbial properties of composts produced by conventional composting or vermicomposting using the same feedstocks. | the chemical, physical and microbial properties of thermophilic composts and vermicomposts were compared using the same municipal green waste-based feedstocks: (i) municipal green waste alone, (ii) 75 % municipal green waste/25 % green garden waste and (iii) 75 % municipal green waste/25 % cattle manure. temperatures reached 37 °c during composting of municipal green waste alone but when garden waste or cattle manure were added, temperatures reached 47 and 52 °c, respectively. at the end of verm ... | 2016 | 26888641 |
| lethal and sub-lethal effects of five pesticides used in rice farming on the earthworm eisenia fetida. | the toxicity of five pesticides typically used in rice farming (trichlorfon, dimethoate, carbendazim, tebuconazole and prochloraz) was evaluated on different lethal and sub-lethal endpoints of the earthworm eisenia fetida. the evaluated endpoints included: avoidance behaviour after an exposure period of 2 days; and mortality, weight loss, enzymatic activities (cholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase) and histopathological effects after an exposure period of 14 days. carben ... | 2016 | 26874341 |
| earthworm preference bioassays to evaluate land management practices. | earthworm preference tests, especially in soil-dosed exposures, can be an informative tool for assessing land management practices. agricultural management intended to increase crop yield and improve soil sustainability includes physical manipulation of topsoil through conventional tillage, reduced or no-tillage, and/or winter cover crops. soil amendments include the addition of inorganic nitrogen or organic nitrogen derived from soil amendments including biosolids from sewage treatment plants, ... | 2016 | 26873732 |
| effect of zero valent iron nanoparticles to eisenia fetida in three soil types. | in this study, the influence of soil types on the effect of the commercial form of c-nzvi on tissue concentrations, cellular component, reproduction outcome in eisenia fetida, and the soil health was investigated. c-nzvi at concentration level of 3 g kg(-1) soil showed no effect on the survival of e. fetida in the three soil types. however, varying effects such as concentration-dependent increase in tissue iron concentration, lipid peroxidation, and damage to dna molecules by c-nzvi were observe ... | 2016 | 26856861 |
| enrofloxacin at environmentally relevant concentrations enhances uptake and toxicity of cadmium in the earthworm eisenia fetida in farm soils. | individual and combined effects of enrofloxacin (ef) and cadmium (cd) on the earthworm eisenia fetida at environmentally relevant concentrations were investigated. ef is a veterinary antibiotic; cd is an impurity in phosphatic fertiliser. for both, residues may accumulate in farm soils. in laboratory tests, over 98% of spiked ef was adsorbed by farm soils, with a half-life >8 weeks. however, earthworms absorbed less than 20% of spiked ef. earthworms in soil with ef concentration 10 mg kg(-1) soi ... | 2016 | 26852206 |
| microbial enzyme and biomass responses: deciphering the effects of earthworms and seasonal variation on treating excess sludge. | this paper reports on a seasonal pattern comparison of microbial enzymatic activities and biomass responses based on a conventional biofilter (bf, without earthworm) and a vermifilter (vf, with earthworm, eisenia fetida) for excess sludge treatment. the volatile suspended solids (vss) reduction, viable cell number and enzyme activities were assayed to probe what made the vf operate stably. the results indicated that the earthworm activities can polish the vss reduction with 27.17% more than the b ... | 2016 | 26840985 |
| vermicomposting as an advanced biological treatment for industrial waste from the leather industry. | the leather industry (tanneries) generates high amounts of toxic wastes, including solid and liquid effluents that are rich in organic matter and mineral content. vermicomposting was studied as an alternative method of treating the wastes from tanneries. vermicompost was produced from the following tannery residues: tanned chips of wet-blue leather, sludge from a liquid residue treatment station, and a mixture of both. five hundred earthworms (eisenia fetida) were added to each barrel. during th ... | 2016 | 26828795 |
| hypotensive and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of eisenia fetida extract in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | objectives. this study aimed to investigate the antihypertensive effects of an eisenia fetida extract (efe) and its possible mechanisms in spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr rats). methods. sixteen-week-old shr rats and wistar-kyoto rats (wky rats) were used in this study. rats were, respectively, given efe (efe group), captopril (captopril group), or phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) (normal control group and shr group) for 4 weeks. ace inhibitory activity of efe in vitro was determined. the sy ... | 2015 | 26798397 |
| combined subacute toxicity of copper and antiparasitic albendazole to the earthworm (eisenia fetida). | copper (cu) is one of the most common metal contaminants, and albendazole (abz) is a veterinary drug with a high efficacy against helminthes. it is believed that the two may co-exist in soil. in this study, the combined subacute toxicity of cu exposure (0, 80, 120, 160 mg kg(-1)) and abz exposure (0, 3, 9 mg kg(-1)) in earthworms (eisenia fetida) were observed using three approaches, namely chronic growth and reproduction, antioxidant enzyme activity, and earthworm cu residue. the results have s ... | 2016 | 26780053 |
| vermicomposting of sludge from animal wastewater treatment plant mixed with cow dung or swine manure using eisenia fetida. | vermicomposting of animal wastewater treatment plant sludge (s) mixed with cow dung (cd) or swine manure (sm) employing eisenia fetida was tested. the numbers, weights, clitellum development, and cocoon production were monitored for 60 days at a detecting interval of 15 days. the results indicated that 100 % of the sludge can be the suitable food for growth and fecundity of e. fetida, while addition of cd or sm in sludge significantly (p < 0.05) increased the worm biomass and reproduction. the s ... | 2016 | 26755173 |
| use of digestate from a decentralized on-farm biogas plant as fertilizer in soils: an ecotoxicological study for future indicators in risk and life cycle assessment. | over the last decade, the number of decentralized farm biogas plants has increased significantly in the eu. this development leads not only to an increasing amount of biogas produced, but also to a higher amount of digestate obtained. one of the most attractive options to manage the digestate is to apply it as biofertiliser to the soil, because this gives the opportunity of recovering the nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus, and of attenuating the loss of organic matter suffered by soil ... | 2016 | 26724231 |
| the earthworm eisenia fetida can help desalinate a coastal saline soil in tianjin, north china. | a laboratory microcosm experiment was conducted to determine whether the earthworm eisenia fetida could survive in a saline soil from a field site in north china, and an experiment using response surface methodology was conducted at that field site to quantify the effects of e. fetida and green waste compost (gwc) on the salt content of the soil. the microcosm results showed that e. fetida survived in gwc-amended saline soil and increased the contents of humic acid, available n, and available p ... | 2015 | 26699869 |
| exposure to 17β-oestradiol induces oxidative stress in the non-oestrogen receptor invertebrate species eisenia fetida. | the environmental impacts of various substances on all levels of organisms are under investigation. among these substances, endocrine-disrupting compounds (edcs) present a threat, although the environmental significance of these compounds remains largely unknown. to shed some light on this field, we assessed the effects of 17β-oestradiol on the growth, reproduction and formation of free radicals in eisenia fetida. | 2015 | 26695684 |
| effects of soil properties on copper toxicity to earthworm eisenia fetida in 15 chinese soils. | the bioavailability and toxicity of metals in soil are influenced by a variety of soil properties, and this principle should be recognized in establishing soil environmental quality criteria. in the present study, the uptake and toxicity of cu to the earthworm eisenia fetida in 15 chinese soils with various soil properties were investigated, and regression models for predicting cu toxicity across soils were developed. the results showed that earthworm survival and body weight change were less se ... | 2016 | 26688255 |
| biochemical and genetic toxicity of the ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride on earthworms (eisenia fetida). | ionic liquids also known as "green solvents," are used in many fields. however, the dispersion of ionic liquids in soil systems is likely to cause damage to soil organisms. the objective of the present study was to investigate the toxicity of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([c8 mim]cl) on earthworms (eisenia fetida). for this purpose, earthworms were exposed to different concentrations of [c8 mim]cl (0 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, and 40 mg/kg artificial soil) and sampled at 7 d, 14 ... | 2016 | 26671879 |
| biochemical responses and dna damage in earthworms (eisenia fetida) induced by ionic liquid [omim]pf6. | ionic liquids that are not that "green" to many organisms have recently been identified. this study examined the subchronic toxicity of the ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([omim]pf6) to earthworms (eisenia fetida). earthworms were exposed for a 28-day period (sampled on days 7, 14, 21, and 28) at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg. the levels of reactive oxygen species (ros), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), guaiacol peroxid ... | 2016 | 26667645 |
| accumulation of 2,4-dinitroanisole in the earthworm eisenia fetida from chemically spiked and aged natural soils. | an initiative within the us military is targeting the replacement of traditional munitions constituents with insensitive munitions to reduce the risk of accidental detonation. the bioavailability and bioaccumulative potential of the insensitive munitions compound 2,4-dinitroanisole (dnan) to eisenia fetida was assessed in soils with different geochemical characteristics. prior to exposure, soils were chemically spiked with dnan and aged for 1 wk or 29 wk. transformation products 2- and 4-amino-n ... | 2016 | 26666709 |
| timing and scope of genomic expansion within annelida: evidence from homeoboxes in the genome of the earthworm eisenia fetida. | annelida represents a large and morphologically diverse group of bilaterian organisms. the recently published polychaete and leech genome sequences revealed an equally dynamic range of diversity at the genomic level. the availability of more annelid genomes will allow for the identification of evolutionary genomic events that helped shape the annelid lineage and better understand the diversity within the group. we sequenced and assembled the genome of the common earthworm, eisenia fetida. as a f ... | 2015 | 26659921 |
| evaluation of genotoxicity of the acute gamma radiation on earthworm eisenia fetida using single cell gel electrophoresis technique (comet assay). | earthworms (eisenia fetida) most suitable biological indicators of radioactive pollution. radiation-induced lesions in dna can be considered to be molecular markers for early effects of ionizing radiation. gamma radiation produces a wide spectrum of dna. some of these lesions, i.e., dna strand breaks and alkali labile sites can be detected by the single-cell gel electrophoresis (scge) or comet assay by measuring the migration of dna from immobilized nuclear dna. e. fetida were exposed to differe ... | 2015 | 26653984 |
| bacterial community dynamics and ecotoxicological assessment during bioremediation of soils contaminated by biodiesel and diesel/biodiesel blends. | the gradual introduction of biodiesel in the brazilian energy landscape has primarily occurred through its blending with conventional petroleum diesel (e.g., b20 (20% biodiesel) and b5 (5% biodiesel) formulations). because b20 and lower-level blends generally do not require engine modifications, their use as transportation fuel is increasing in the brazilian distribution networks. however, the environmental fate of low-level biodiesel blends and pure biodiesel (b100) is poorly understood and the ... | 2015 | 26630771 |
| ecotoxicological effects of earthworm following long-term dechlorane plus exposure. | dechlorane plus (dp), similar to persistent organic pollutants, has been widely detected in environmental matrices, especially in sediment and soil. in this study, earthworms eisenia fetida were exposed to 0.1, 0.5, 6.25 and 12.5 mg kg(-1) dp for 28 d. lethality, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and cellulase of e. fetida were assessed to investigate ecotoxicological effects of dp after long-term exposure. results showed that the direct toxicity of dp was very low. however, death rate, as well as ... | 2016 | 26619313 |
| ddt degradation efficiency and ecotoxicological effects of two types of nano-sized zero-valent iron (nzvi) in water and soil. | nano-scale zero-valent iron (nzvi) has been conceived for cost-efficient degradation of chlorinated pollutants in soil as an alternative to e.g permeable reactive barriers or excavation. little is however known about its efficiency in degradation of the ubiquitous environmental pollutant ddt and its secondary effects on organisms. here, two types of nzvi (type b made using precipitation with borohydride, and type t produced by gas phase reduction of iron oxides under h2) were compared for effici ... | 2016 | 26598990 |
| the effects of composting approaches on the emissions of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds: a comparison between vermicomposting and general aerobic composting. | emission patterns of 13 vocs were investigated in three types of vermicomposting systems (eisenia fetida, metaphire posthuma, and lampito mauritii) in reference to a traditional aerobic composting system by feeding the systems with mixtures of three materials (coal ash (ca), municipal solid waste (msw), and cow dung (cd)). on an average, the emission rates of aromatic vocs (benzene, toluene, xylenes, and styrene) were two to three times higher than all other groups (aldehyde, ketones, esters, an ... | 2016 | 26589098 |
| purifying capability, enzyme activity, and nitrification potentials in december in integrated vertical flow constructed wetland with earthworms and different substrates. | the response of purifying capability, enzyme activity, nitrification potentials, and total number of bacteria in the rhizosphere in december to wetland plants, substrates, and earthworms was investigated in integrated vertical flow constructed wetlands (ivfcw). the removal efficiency of total nitrogen (tn), nh4-n, chemical oxygen demand (cod), and total phosphorus (tp) was increased when earthworms were added into ivfcw. a significantly average removal efficiency of n in ivfcw that employed rive ... | 2016 | 26573309 |
| mercury in eisenia fetida and soil in the vicinity of a natural gas treatment plant in northern croatia. | in the last two decades (1990-2012), as part of a mercury monitoring programme, earthworms and soils have been collected from four locations in the vicinity of a natural gas production and treatment plant near the village of molve, croatia. the aim of this study was to determine the concentration of mercury in the collected samples, monitor its changes over a longer period of time and determine the bioaccumulation of total mercury in earthworms (eisenia fetida) from the soil. total mercury conce ... | 2016 | 26571043 |
| addressing the role of earthworms in treating domestic wastewater by analyzing biofilm modification through chemical and spectroscopic methods. | vermifiltration eco-friendly system is an alternative and low-cost artificial ecosystem for decentralized wastewater treatment and excess sludge reduction. the biofilm characteristics of a vermifilter (vf) with earthworms, eisenia fetida, for domestic wastewater treatment were studied. a conventional biofilter (bf) without earthworms served as the control. pore number in vf biofilm was significantly more than bf biofilm, and vf biofilm showed a better level-administrative structure through scann ... | 2016 | 26538257 |
| diastereomer- and enantiomer-specific accumulation, depuration, bioisomerization, and metabolism of hexabromocyclododecanes (hbcds) in two ecologically different species of earthworms. | in this study, two ecological types of earthworms were exposed to soil samples that were artificially contaminated with individual hexabromocyclododecane (hbcd) diastereomers (α-, β-, and γ-hbcds) to investigate the bioaccumulation, depuration, enantiomer selectivity and isomerization of hbcds in earthworms. the uptake rate constant (ku), bioaccumulation factor (baf), biota soil accumulation factor (bsaf), and half-life (t1/2) for the α-hbcd were the highest among the three diastereomers. the bi ... | 2016 | 26520267 |
| interactions between sewage sludge-amended soil and earthworms--comparison between eisenia fetida and eisenia andrei composting species. | vermicomposting is an eco-friendly technology, where earthworms are introduced in the waste, inter alia sewage sludge, to cooperate with microorganisms and enhance decomposition of organic matter. the main aims of the present study was to determine the influence of two different earthworm species, eisenia fetida and eisenia andrei, on the changes of selected metallic trace elements content in substratum during vermicomposting process using three different sewage sludge mainly differentiated by t ... | 2016 | 26517992 |
| use of agave bagasse for production of an organic fertilizer by pretreatment with bjerkandera adusta and vermicomposting with eisenia fetida. | agave tequilana weber is used in tequila and fructans production, with agave bagasse generated as a solid waste. the main use of bagasse is to produce compost in tequila factories with a long traditional composting that lasts 6-8 months. the aim of this study was to evaluate the degradation of agave bagasse by combining a pretreatment with fungi and vermicomposting. experiments were carried out with fractionated or whole bagasse, sterilized or not, subjecting it to a pretreatment with bjerkander ... | 2016 | 26508073 |
| bioavailability assessments following biochar and activated carbon amendment in ddt-contaminated soil. | the effects of 2.8% w/w granulated activated carbon (gac) and two types of biochar (burt's and blueleaf) on ddt bioavailability in soil (39 μg/g) were investigated using invertebrates (eisenia fetida), plants (cucurbita pepo spp. pepo) and a polyoxymethylene (pom) passive sampler method. biochar significantly reduced ddt accumulation in e. fetida (49%) and showed no detrimental effects to invertebrate health. in contrast, addition of gac caused significant toxic effects (invertebrate avoidance a ... | 2016 | 26495827 |
| bioaccumulation and enantioselectivity of type i and type ii pyrethroid pesticides in earthworm. | in this study, the bioavailability and enantioselectivity differences between bifenthrin (bf, typeⅰpyrethroid) and lambad-cyhalothrin (lct, type ⅱ pyrethroid) in earthworm (eisenia fetida) were investigated. the bio-soil accumulation factors (bsafs) of bf was about 4 times greater than that of lct. lct was degraded faster than bf in soil while eliminated lower in earthworm samples. compound sorption plays an important role on bioavailability in earthworm, and the soil-adsorption coefficient (k(o ... | 2016 | 26490429 |
| potential of effective micro-organisms and eisenia fetida in enhancing vermi-degradation and nutrient release of fly ash incorporated into cow dung-paper waste mixture. | the interactions between earthworms and microorganisms activity has prompted several researchers to evaluate the potential of artificially inoculating vermicomposts with additional specific microbes, with the intention of enhancing the vermicomposting process. this study evaluated the potential of inoculating fly ash (f)-cow dung-paper waste (cp) mixture (f-cp) with a specialized microbial cocktail called effective micro-organisms (em) during vermicomposting using eisenia fetida earthworms. inoc ... | 2016 | 26459189 |
| review of the earthworm fauna of iran with emphasis on kohgiluyeh & boyer-ahmad province. | earthworms were collected in forests, damp habitats, springs, orchards and agricultural fields of the kohgiluyeh & boyer ahmad province, iran, from april 2009 to april 2010. specimens were collected at 20 established stations by digging and by diluted formalin methods. ten species belonging to family lumbricidae were identified based on morphology: aporrectodea caliginosa (savigny, 1826), ap. rosea (savigny, 1826), ap. jassyensis (michaelsen, 1891), dendrobaena veneta (rosa, 1886), d. byblica (r ... | 2013 | 26438954 |
| biological effects of decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209) and pb on earthworm (eisenia fetida) in a soil system. | bde209 and pb are ubiquitous contaminants at e-waste recycling sites (ewrss). this study aimed to determine acute and sub-acute toxicity to earthworm eisenia fetida induced by bde209 and pb in natural soil. results demonstrated that the inhibition of pb on growth and reproduction of earthworms followed a dose-dependent pattern. earthworms exposed to 100 mg kg(-1) of bde209 displayed avoidance responses, while the soil indicated a more obvious decline of habitat function with the increase of pb l ... | 2015 | 26412261 |
| thresholds of arsenic toxicity to eisenia fetida in field-collected agricultural soils exposed to copper mining activities in chile. | several previous studies highlighted the importance of using field-collected soils-and not artificially-contaminated soils-for ecotoxicity tests. however, the use of field-collected soils presents several difficulties for interpretation of results, due to the presence of various contaminants and unavoidable differences in the physicochemical properties of the tested soils. the objective of this study was to estimate thresholds of metal toxicity in topsoils of 24 agricultural areas historically c ... | 2015 | 26398238 |
| dna damage and oxidative stress induced by imidacloprid exposure in the earthworm eisenia fetida. | to investigate the soil ecological effect of imidacloprid, earthworm eisenia fetida was exposed to various concentrations of imidacloprid (0.10, 0.50, and 1.00 mg kg(-1) soil) respectively after 7, 14, 21, and 28 d. the effect of imidacloprid on reactive oxygen species (ros) generation, antioxidant enzymes activity [superoxide dismutase (sod) and catalase (cat), glutathione s-transferase enzyme (gst)], malondialdehyde (mda) content and dna damage of the e. fetida was investigated. significant in ... | 2016 | 26397468 |
| bioaccumulation and elimination of the herbicide clomazone in the earthworms eisenia fetida. | acute toxicity, bioaccumulation, and elimination of herbicide clomazone in the earthworm eisenia fetida were investigated in the different exposure systems. the lc50 values of clomazone on earthworms were 5.6 μg cm(-2) in the contact filter paper test (48 h), 174.9 mg kg(-1) (7 days) and 123.4 mg kg(-1) (14 days) in artificial soil test, respectively. clomazone could rapidly bioaccumulate in earthworms and reached the highest concentration after 3 days exposure, with the maximum concentrations o ... | 2015 | 26370279 |
| the impact on the soil microbial community and enzyme activity of two earthworm species during the bioremediation of pentachlorophenol-contaminated soils. | the ecological effect of earthworms on the fate of soil pentachlorophenol (pcp) differs with species. this study addressed the roles and mechanisms by which two earthworm species (epigeic eisenia fetida and endogeic amynthas robustus e. perrier) affect the soil microbial community and enzyme activity during the bioremediation of pcp-contaminated soils. a. robustus removed more soil pcp than did e. foetida. a. robustus improved nitrogen utilisation efficiency and soil oxidation more than did e. f ... | 2016 | 26342149 |
| determination of selected polychlorinated biphenyls in soil and earthworm (eisenia fetida) using a quechers-based method and gas chromatography with tandem ms. | soil and earthworms are important objects in soil pollution assessment and environmental behavior and toxicity study for polychlorinated biphenyls. accelerated solvent extraction and solid-phase extraction are generally required for the extraction and clean-up of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil and earthworm, which are tedious and time-consuming. in this work, a modified quechers (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) procedure combined with gas chromatography and triple quadrupole ... | 2015 | 26332829 |
| impacts of bde209 addition on pb uptake, subcellular partitioning and gene toxicity in earthworm (eisenia fetida). | lead (pb) and decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209) are the mainly co-existed contaminants at e-waste recycling sites. the potential toxicity of pb (250 μg g(-1)) to earthworm eisenia fetida in the presence of bde209 (1, 10 and 100 μg g(-1)) was determined during 14-d incubation period. compared to pb treatment alone, the co-exposure with 1 μg g(-1) bde209 barely affected pb uptake, subcellular partitioning and gene expression; however, histopathological changes in earthworms' body wall (epidermal, c ... | 2015 | 26311194 |
| chiral insecticide α-cypermethrin and its metabolites: stereoselective degradation behavior in soils and the toxicity to earthworm eisenia fetida. | the enantioselective degradation of the widely used chiral insecticide α-cypermethrin in soils has been investigated, and its main metabolites cis-3-(2',2'-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (cis-dcca) and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-pba), which have potential environmental problems, have also been determined. the enantiomers of α-cypermethrin were separated on chiralcel od chiral columns by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) under normal phase, and the metabolites w ... | 2015 | 26302054 |
| impact of treated wastewater on organismic biosensors at various levels of biological organization. | relating the treated wastewater quality and its impact on organismic biosensors (prussian carp, carassius gibelio and earthworm, eisenia fetida) was the main objective of the study. the impact on health status of fish living downstream, microbiological contamination and antimicrobial resistance, fish tissue structure, blood biochemistry, oxidative stress, genotoxic effects, as well as multixenobiotic resistance mechanism (mxr) was assessed. treated wastewater discharged from the wwtp modified th ... | 2015 | 26298246 |
| characterization of two endoglucanases for the classification of the earthworm, eisenia fetida waki. | eisenia fetida and eisenia andrei are vermicomposting species that are used as model animals for testing chemical material toxicology. eisenia spp. are grown commercially in various fields in japan. however, these two species have not been classified because it is difficult to distinguish them morphologically; thus, all bred earthworms are called e. fetida. however, it has been proposed that these two species have different expression regulation mechanisms. here, we classified a sample of earthw ... | 2015 | 26295166 |
| evaluation of the toxicity, ache activity and dna damage caused by imidacloprid on earthworms, eisenia fetida. | imidacloprid is a well-known pesticide and it is timely to evaluate its toxicity to earthworms (eisenia fetida). in the present study, the effect of imidacloprid on reproduction, growth, acetylcholinesterase (ache) and dna damage in earthworms was assessed using an artificial soil medium. the median lethal concentration (lc50) and the median number of hatched cocoons (ec50) of imidacloprid to earthworms was 3.05 and 0.92 mg/kg respectively, the lowest observed effect concentration of imidaclopri ... | 2015 | 26293707 |
| differences in scaling and morphology between lumbricid earthworm ecotypes. | many soft-bodied invertebrates use a flexible, fluid-filled hydrostatic skeleton for burrowing. the aim of our study was to compare the scaling and morphology between surface-dwelling and burrowing earthworm ecotypes to explore the specializations of non-rigid musculoskeletal systems for burrowing locomotion. we compared the scaling of adult lumbricid earthworms across species and ecotypes to determine whether linear dimensions were significantly associated with ecotype. we also compared the ont ... | 2015 | 26232418 |
| molecular tools to understand the bioremediation effect of plants and earthworms on contaminated marine sediments. | a meso-scale pilot plant was set up to test the efficiency of a bioremediation scheme applied to marine sediments contaminated by heavy metals and hydrocarbons. the experiment was implemented for three years in two stages using two remediation agents: plants (paspalum vaginatum and tamarix gallica) and earthworms (eisenia fetida). dna and rna-based methodologies were applied to elucidate the dynamics of the bacterial population and were related to improving biological and chemical conditions of ... | 2015 | 26223013 |
| assessing the ecological long-term impact of wastewater irrigation on soil and water based on bioassays and chemical analyses. | the reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation and groundwater recharge can counteract water scarcity and reduce pollution of surface waters, but assessing its environmental risk should likewise consider effects associated to the soil. the present study therefore aimed at determining the impact of wastewater irrigation on the habitat quality of water after soil passage and of soil after percolation by applying bioassays and chemical analysis. lab-scale columns of four different soils encompassin ... | 2015 | 26207878 |
| different routes, same pathways: molecular mechanisms under silver ion and nanoparticle exposures in the soil sentinel eisenia fetida. | use of nanotechnology products is increasing; with silver (ag) nanoparticles particularly widely used. a key uncertainty surrounding the risk assessment of agnps is whether their effects are driven through the same mechanism of action that underlies the toxic effects of ag ions. we present the first full transcriptome study of the effects of ag ions and nps in an ecotoxicological model soil invertebrate, the earthworm eisenia fetida. gene expression analyses indicated similar mechanisms for both ... | 2015 | 26204059 |
| earthworms modify microbial community structure and accelerate maize stover decomposition during vermicomposting. | in the present study, maize stover was vermicomposted with the epigeic earthworm eisenia fetida. the results showed that, during vermicomposting process, the earthworms promoted decomposition of maize stover. analysis of microbial communities of the vermicompost by high-throughput pyrosequencing showed more complex bacterial community structure in the substrate treated by the earthworms than that in the control group. the dominant microbial genera in the treatment with the earthworms were pseudo ... | 2015 | 26139410 |
| biomarker analysis of combined oxytetracycline and zinc pollution in earthworms (eisenia fetida). | to determine the interactive action of antibiotics and heavy metals, this study assessed pollutant-induced responses of cellular biomarkers in earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to zinc (zn(2+)) and oxytetracycline (otc) in soil. lysosomal membranes were damaged and coelomocyte apoptosis occurred with exposure to the individual and combined pollutants. compared with zn(2+) alone, lysosomal membrane stability and coelomocyte apoptosis decreased in the zn(2+)-otc combined treatment, possibly as a ... | 2015 | 26134676 |
| nanosilver pathophysiology in earthworms: transcriptional profiling of secretory proteins and the implication for the protein corona. | previously we have identified lysenin as a key protein constituent of the secretome from eisenia fetida coelomocytes and revealed its critical importance in priming interactions between the cells and the protein corona around nanosilver. as alterations of the protein environment can directly affect the corona composition, the extent to which nanoparticles influence the cells' protein secretion profile is of remarkable interest that has rarely acquired attention. here, we have probed transcriptio ... | 2016 | 26119277 |
| responses of growth inhibition and antioxidant gene expression in earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to tetrabromobisphenol a, hexabromocyclododecane and decabromodiphenyl ether. | tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa), hexabromocyclododecane (hbcd) and decabromodiphenyl ether (bde 209), suspected ubiquitous contaminants, account for the largest volume of brominated flame retardants (bfrs) since penta-bde and octa-bde have been phased out globally. in this paper, the growth inhibition and gene transcript levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat)) and the stress-response gene involved in the prevention of oxidative stress (hsp70) of earthworms (eisen ... | 2016 | 26117064 |
| toxicological effects of soil contaminated with spirotetramat to the earthworm eisenia fetida. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential toxicity of spirotetramat to the earthworm eisenia fetida in a natural soil environment. many biochemical markers, viz., superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), peroxidase (pod), glutathione s-transferase (gst), cellulase, and malondialdehyde (mda) contents were measured after exposure to 0.25, 1.25, and 2.5mgkg(-1) for 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28days. in addition, the comet assay was performed on earthworm coelomocytes to assess the level of gene ... | 2015 | 26081578 |
| the forms and bioavailability of phosphorus in integrated vertical flow constructed wetland with earthworms and different substrates. | a sequential extraction method was utilized to analyze seven forms of p in an integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland (ivfcw) containing earthworms and different substrates. the aluminum-bound p (al-p) content was found to be lower, and the occluded p (oc-p) content was higher in the ivfcw. the addition of earthworms into the influent chamber of ivfcw increased the exchange p (ex-p), iron-bound p (fe-p), calcium bound p (ca-p), oc-p, detritus-bound (de-p) and organic p (org-p) content in th ... | 2015 | 26025066 |
| analysis of eisenia fetida earthworm responses to sub-lethal c60 nanoparticle exposure using (1)h-nmr based metabolomics. | the enhanced production and environmental release of buckminsterfullerene (c60) nanoparticles will likely increase the exposure and risk to soil dwelling organisms. we used (1)h nmr-based metabolomics to investigate the response of eisenia fetida earthworms to sub-lethal c60 nanoparticle exposure in both contact and soil tests. principal component analysis of (1)h nmr data showed clear separation between controls and exposed earthworms after just 2 days of exposure, however as exposure time incr ... | 2015 | 26024814 |
| multilevel assessment of cry1ab bt-maize straw return affecting the earthworm eisenia fetida. | non-target effects of two varieties of bacillus thuringiensis (bt)-maize straw (5422bt1 [event bt11] and 5422cbcl [mon810]) return on the eisenia fetida were investigated by using multilevel assessments, compared to near-isogenic non-bt-maize (5422). 5422bt1 straw return had no deleterious effects on adult earthworms and had significantly positive effects on juveniles over three generations. negative, no, and positive effects on adults treated with 5422cbcl straw were observed in the 1st, 2nd an ... | 2015 | 26011413 |
| assessment of different organic supplements for degradation of parthenium hysterophorus by vermitechnology. | globally, there are a number of treatments indicated for the control of invasive alien plant species like parthenium. the production and use of vermicomposts from weeds or other wastes in agriculture is economical and eco-friendly. the unique advantage of using vermicomposting is that it helps to build and sustain soil condition and fertility for sustainable agricultural activities. the present study was an attempt to produce the vermicompost from parthenium, farm and animal wastes and to analyz ... | 2015 | 25988005 |
| transcriptional responses of earthworm (eisenia fetida) exposed to naphthenic acids in soil. | in this study, earthworms (eisenia fetida) were exposed to commercial nas contaminated soil, and changes in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ros) and gene expressions of their defense system were monitored. the effects on the gene expression involved in reproduction and carcinogenesis were also evaluated. significant increases in ros levels was observed in nas exposure groups, and the superoxide dismutase (sod) and catalase (cat) genes were both up-regulated at low and medium exposure dose ... | 2015 | 25984985 |
| dynamics of microbiological parameters, enzymatic activities and worm biomass production during vermicomposting of effluent treatment plant sludge of bakery industry. | this paper reports the changes in microbial parameters and enzymatic activities during vermicomposting of effluent treatment plant sludge (etps) of bakery industry spiked with cow dung (cd) by eisenia fetida. six vermibins containing different ratios of etps and cd were maintained under controlled laboratory conditions for 15 weeks. total bacterial and total fungal count increased upto 7th week and declined afterward in all the bins. maximum bacterial and fungal count was 31.6 cfu × 10(6) g(-1) ... | 2015 | 25982984 |
| toxicity and bioaccumulation of bromadiolone to earthworm eisenia fetida. | bromadiolone, a potent second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide, has been extensively used worldwide for the field control of rodents. invertebrates may be at risk from primary poisoning as a result of bromadiolone bait applications. however, there are few data regarding the toxicity and bioaccumulation of bromadiolone to earthworms. in this study, we reported that bromadiolone was toxic to earthworms at 1mg/kg soil, which is a likely concentration in the field following application of bromad ... | 2015 | 25965004 |
| scenario-targeted toxicity assessment through multiple endpoint bioassays in a soil posing unacceptable environmental risk according to regulatory screening values. | lanestosa is a chronically polluted site (derelict mine) where the soil (lanestosa (la) soil) exceeds screening values (svs) of regulatory policies in force (basque country; europe) for zn, pb and cd. a scenario-targeted toxicity assessment was carried out on the basis of a multi-endpoint bioassay approach. acute and chronic toxicity bioassays were conducted with selected test species (vibrio fischeri, dictyostelium discoideum, lactuca sativa, raphanus sativus and eisenia fetida) in combination ... | 2015 | 25940475 |
| indication of metal homeostasis disturbance in earthworm eisenia fetida after exposure to semi-solid depot sludge. | treated sewage sludge is commonly used in agriculture as fertilizer. it is, therefore, necessary to determine possible detrimental influences of sludge application on soil contamination and accumulation of contaminants in tissues of terrestrial animals, which in the long run could also have undesirable effects on humans. with that aim, the study was performed using earthworm eisenia fetida as test organism and semi-solid depot sludge from a wastewater treatment plant as exposure media. the conce ... | 2015 | 25931022 |
| determination of biomarkers for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) toxicity to earthworm (eisenia fetida). | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) compounds are persistent, carcinogenic, and mutagenic. when pahs enter agricultural soils through sewage sludge, they pose an environmental risk to soil organisms, including earthworms. therefore, we aimed to determine the toxic effects of pahs on earthworms. five pahs were used: fluorene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene. only fluorene and phenanthrene exhibited toxicity (lc50 values 394.09 and 114.02 g l(-1), respectively) against the ear ... | 2015 | 25920560 |
| short-term soil bioassays may not reveal the full toxicity potential for nanomaterials; bioavailability and toxicity of silver ions (agno₃) and silver nanoparticles to earthworm eisenia fetida in long-term aged soils. | this study investigated if standard risk assessment hazard tests are long enough to adequately provide the worst case exposure for nanomaterials. this study therefore determined the comparative effects of the aging on the bioavailability and toxicity to earthworms of soils dosed with silver ions and silver nanoparticles (ag np) for 1, 9, 30 & 52 weeks, and related this to the total ag in the soil, ag in soil pore water and earthworm tissue ag concentrations. for ionic ag, a classical pattern of ... | 2015 | 25910462 |
| earthworms as agents for ecotoxicity in roxarsone-contaminated soil ecosystem: a modeling study of ultrastructure and proteomics. | contamination of roxarsone has been recognized as a potential environmental hazard. in this study, eisenia fetida samples were collected after roxarsone exposures to analyze their intestinal epithelium ultrastructure, expression levels of stress-related genes, and proteomics. our results showed that mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in roxarsone-treated earthworms demonstrated variety of damages. furthermore, 149 proteins were displayed in 2-de, and 36 of them were identified by maldi-tof/t ... | 2015 | 25903172 |
| an energy budget agent-based model of earthworm populations and its application to study the effects of pesticides. | earthworms are important organisms in soil communities and so are used as model organisms in environmental risk assessments of chemicals. however current risk assessments of soil invertebrates are based on short-term laboratory studies, of limited ecological relevance, supplemented if necessary by site-specific field trials, which sometimes are challenging to apply across the whole agricultural landscape. here, we investigate whether population responses to environmental stressors and pesticide ... | 2014 | 25844009 |
| biological response of earthworm, eisenia fetida, to five neonicotinoid insecticides. | earthworms (eisenia fetida) are one of the most abundant terrestrial species, and play an important role in maintaining the ecological function of soil. neonicotinoids are some of the most widely used insecticides applied to crops. studies on the effect of neonicotinoids on e. fetida are limited. in the present work, we evaluated the effects of five neonicotinoid insecticides on reproduction, cellulase activity and the tissues of e. fetida. the results showed that, the lc50 of imidacloprid, acet ... | 2015 | 25828917 |
| oxidative damage of naphthenic acids on the eisenia fetida earthworm. | naphthenic acids (nas) have been gaining recognition in recent years as potentially harmful environmental contaminants. few studies have focused on the potential ecotoxicity of nas to terrestrial environment. in this study, the responses of antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation and dna damage were investigated after exposing eisenia fetida to soil contaminated with nas. the results indicated that nas induced a significant increase (p < 0.05) in superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activi ... | 2016 | 25809073 |
| vermistabilization of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l) waste produced from sugar factory using earthworm eisenia fetida: genotoxic assessment by allium cepa test. | in the present study, sugar beet mud (sbm) and pulp (sbp) produced as a waste by-products of the sugar industry were mixed with cattle dung (cd) at different ratios on dry weight basis for vermicomposting with eisenia fetida. minimum mortality and highest population of worms were observed in 20:80 (sbm20) mixture of sbm and 10:90 (sbp10) ratios. however, increased percentages of wastes significantly affected the growth and fecundity of worms. nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium, increase ... | 2015 | 25794577 |
| acute toxicological effects on the earthworm eisenia fetida of 18 common pharmaceuticals in artificial soil. | following soil applications of recycled water and biosolids, pharmaceutical residues can eventually enter the terrestrial environment. in vitro and in vivo assays have largely focused on the acute ecotoxicity of these compounds in aquatic systems. however, studies on the ecotoxicological effects of pharmaceuticals in soil biota are especially scarce. the aim of this study was to investigate the acute toxicity of 18 pharmaceuticals (4 nsaids, 5 blood lipid-lowering agents, 6 β-blockers and 3 anti ... | 2015 | 25765375 |
| establishment of toxicity thresholds in subpopulations of coelomocytes (amoebocytes vs. eleocytes) of eisenia fetida exposed in vitro to a variety of metals: implications for biomarker measurements. | coelomocytes comprise the immune system of earthworms and due to their sensitivity responding to a wide range of pollutants have been widely used as target cells in soil ecotoxicology. recently, in vitro assays with primary cultures of coelomocytes based in the neutral red uptake (nru) assay have been developed as promising tools for toxicity assessment chemical in a reproducible and cost-effective manner. however, nru showed a bimodal dose-response curve previously described after in vivo and i ... | 2015 | 25762103 |
| tracking the composition and transformation of humic and fulvic acids during vermicomposting of sewage sludge by elemental analysis and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix. | sewage sludge (t1) and the mixture of sewage sludge and cattle dung (t2) were vermicomposted with eisenia fetida, respectively. the transformation of humic acid (ha) and fulvic acid (fa) extracted from these two treatments were evaluated by a series of chemical and spectroscopic methods. results indicated that the vermicomposting decreased ph, toc, and c/n ratio, and increased ec, total extractable c, and ha contents. the fa content in treatment t1 was increased significantly, and only slight in ... | 2015 | 25736580 |
| long-term toxic effects of deltamethrin and fenvalerante in soil. | in this study, the long-term toxic effects of pyrethroids on the earthworm eisenia fetida were evaluated. earthworms were exposed to moist filter paper and soil for 14 days to evaluate the survival, exposed to soil for 56 days to assess the reproductive success and for 28 days to identify the cytotoxicity. results showed that the earthworm survival rate decreased with increasing the concentration of either deltamethrin or fenvalerate in both filter paper test and soil test. no worms survived at ... | 2015 | 25725337 |
| the effect of seasonal temperature on pathogen removal efficacy of vermifilter for wastewater treatment. | the present study explored the effects of seasonal temperature on the treatment efficiency and pathogen removal efficacy from synthetic domestic wastewater, earthworm population characteristics and microbial population in the filter media of a lab-scale vermifilter (vf). the experimental phase lasted for one year and daily mean room temperature showed a difference of 2-16 °c between winter (dec-feb), spring (mar-may), summer (jun-aug) and autumn (sep-nov) periods. the results showed that variati ... | 2015 | 25720670 |
| evaluation of dna damage and antioxidant system induced by di-n-butyl phthalates exposure in earthworms (eisenia fetida). | di-n-butyl phthalates (dbp) are recognized as ubiquitous contaminants in soil and adversely impact the health of organisms. the effect of dbp on the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, sod; catalase, cat), malondialdehyde (mda) content and dna damage were used as biomarkers to analyze the relationship between dna damage and oxidative stress and to evaluate the genotoxic effect of dbp on earthworms (eisenia fetida). dbp was added to artificial soil in the amounts of 0, 5, 10, 5 ... | 2015 | 25682584 |
| highly selective biomarkers for pesticides developed in eisenia fetida using seldi-tof ms. | the repeated use of pesticides, and their subsequent residues, has contributed to severe adverse effects on the environment, including risks to human health. therefore, it is important to assess the quality of the environment to ensure it remains free from pesticide residues. the six pesticides tested in this study showed high mortality on eisenia fetida with lc50 values ranging from 7.7 to 37.9 g l(-1). the strongest lethal effect resulted from the organochlorine insecticide endosulfan (lc50=7. ... | 2015 | 25682009 |
| the synergistic toxicity of the multiple chemical mixtures: implications for risk assessment in the terrestrial environment. | the combined toxicity of five insecticides (chlorpyrifos, avermectin, imidacloprid, λ-cyhalothrin, and phoxim), two herbicides (atrazine and butachlor) and a heavy metal (cadmium) has been examined with the earthworm acute toxicity test. toxicological interactions of these chemicals in four, five, six, seven, and eight-component mixtures were studied using the combination-index (ci) equation method. in four-component and five-component mixtures, the synergistic effects predominated at lower effe ... | 2015 | 25667058 |
| potential utilization of bagasse as feed material for earthworm eisenia fetida and production of vermicompost. | in the present work bagasse (b) i.e waste of the sugar industry, was fed to eisenia fetida with cattle dung (cd) support as feed material at various ratios (waste: cd) of 0:100 (b0), 25:75 (b25), 50:50 (b50), 75:25 (b75) and 100:0 (b100) on dry weight basis. co-composting with cattle dung helped to improve their acceptability for e. fetida and also improved physico-chemical characteristics. best appropriate ratio for survival, maximum growth and population buildup of e. fetida was determined by ... | 2015 | 25625035 |
| effects of silver nanoparticles to soil invertebrates: oxidative stress biomarkers in eisenia fetida. | silver nanoparticles (ag-nps) are among the most produced nps worldwide having several applications in consumer products. ag-nps are known to cause oxidative stress in several organisms and cell lines, however comparatively less information is available regarding their effects on soil living invertebrates. the purpose of this study was to investigate if ag-nps cause oxidative stress on soil invertebrates. the model soil species eisenia fetida was used. our results showed that total glutathione ( ... | 2015 | 25618366 |
| metal remediation and biodegradation potential of earthworm species on municipal solid waste: a parallel analysis between metaphire posthuma and eisenia fetida. | information on vermicomposting with metaphire posthuma is scanty. this paper, therefore, aims to evaluate the bioconversion efficiency of this species against eiseniafetida. for comparative analysis, different combinations of municipal solid waste (msw) and cow dung were used as substrates. the contents of total n and availability of p, k, and fe increased significantly in both metaphire and eisenia systems which was accompanied by substantial reduction in ph and total organic c. both species ex ... | 2015 | 25616236 |
| inhibition and recovery of biomarkers of earthworm eisenia fetida after exposure to thiacloprid. | thiacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, has been used widely in agriculture worldwide. in recent years, the adverse effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on non-target organisms have attracted more and more attention. in the present study, effects of thiacloprid on molecular biomarkers (gst, care, cat, sod, pod, and dna damage) of earthworm eisenia fetida were investigated using the artificial oecd soil for the first time. earthworms were exposed to thiacloprid (1 and 3 mg/kg) for 7, 14, and 2 ... | 2015 | 25613803 |
| influence of bioaugmentation on biodegradation of phenanthrene-contaminated soil by earthworm in lab scale. | use of earthworm to eliminate the phenanthrene from the soil (bioaccumulation) is developed as an economical method. bioaugmentation of microorganism was used for promotion of bioaccumulation by earthworm. the aim of this study was to determine the bioaccumulation or biodegradation of phenanthrene by eisenia fetida and bacterial consortium in polluted soil. | 2014 | 25606345 |
| growth inhibition and altered gene transcript levels in earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether. | the toxic effects of the ubiquitous pollutant 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (bde-47) on the earthworm eisenia fetida were assessed by determining growth-inhibition and gene transcript levels of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), glutathione transferase (gst), and transcriptional changes of the stress-response gene (heat-shock protein 70 [hsp70]). somatic growth and growth-inhibition rates in all bde-47-treated groups were significantly different from those of the controls. the sod ... | 2015 | 25600924 |
| joint toxicity of chlorpyrifos, atrazine, and cadmium at lethal concentrations to the earthworm eisenia fetida. | contaminants in the environment often occur as complex mixtures, and their combined effect may exhibit toxicity to organisms. risk assessments based on individual components tend to underestimate the effects associated with toxic action of mixtures. toxicity studies on chemical mixtures are urgently required to assess their potential combined toxicities. the combination index (ci)-isobologram method was used to study chemical interactions to determine the nature of toxicological interactions of ... | 2015 | 25595933 |
| toxicity of a neonicotinoid insecticide, guadipyr, in earthworm (eisenia fetida). | neonicotinoid insecticides are new class of pesticides and it is very meaningful to evaluate the toxicity of guadipyr to earthworm (eisenia fetida). in the present study, effects of guadipyr on reproduction, growth, catalase(cat), superoxide dismutase (sod), acetylcholinesterase (ache) and dna damage in earthworm were assessed using an artificial soil medium. guadipyr showed low toxicity to earthworms and did not elicit an effect on earthworm reproduction or growth in artificial soils at concent ... | 2015 | 25594687 |
| a site-specific ecological risk assessment for corn-associated insecticides. | a site-specific ecological risk assessment (era) was conducted to examine the simultaneous use of genetically modified corn (bt corn) with a neonicotinoid seed coating, clothianidin, and use of a granular insecticide, tefluthrin, to protect crops from pest damage. a field study was conducted on site, and exposure data from the literature were summarized to determine the matrices and exposure concentrations that nontarget species could typically experience within an agricultural ecosystem. to det ... | 2015 | 25557061 |
| bioaccumulation of perfluoroalkyl acids by earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to contaminated soils. | the presence of perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas) in biosolids-amended and aqueous film-forming foam (afff)-impacted soils results in two potential pathways for movement of these environmental contaminants into terrestrial foodwebs. uptake of pfaas by earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to unspiked soils with varying levels of pfaas (a control soil, an industrially impacted biosolids-amended soil, a municipal biosolids-amended soil, and two afff-impacted soils) was measured. standard 28 day exposure ... | 2015 | 25517891 |
| utilizing heavy metal-laden water hyacinth biomass in vermicomposting. | we studied the efficiency of water treatment by water hyacinth (eichhornia crassipes) from heavy metals (zn, cd, pb, cu), as well as a possibility of using water hyacinth biomass obtained during treatment for vermicomposting by eisenia fetida and the vermicompost quality in a model experiment. the results showed that the concentration of heavy metals in the trials with water hyacinth decreased within 35 days. we introduced water hyacinth biomass to the organic substrate for vermicomposting, whic ... | 2015 | 25501861 |
| uptake and depuration kinetics of lead (pb) and biomarker responses in the earthworm eisenia fetida after simultaneous exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209). | lead (pb) and bde209 (decabromodiphenyl ether) are the main contaminants at e-waste recycling sites, and their potential toxicological effects on terrestrial organisms have received extensive attention. however, the impact on earthworms of exposure to the two chemicals remains almost unknown. therefore, indoor incubation tests were performed on control and contaminated soil samples to determine the uptake and toxicity of pb in the presence of bde209 to the earthworm eisenia fetida. the results h ... | 2015 | 25483371 |
| uptake and retention of radio-caesium in earthworms cultured in soil contaminated by the fukushima nuclear power plant accident. | to understand the effects of radionuclides on non-human biota and the environment, it is essential to study the intake and metabolism of radio-isotopes in earthworms which are among the most important soil organisms, and eisenia fetida, which were used in this study, are known to be sufficiently sensitive to chemicals and representative of common earthworms. in this study, we assessed the concentration ratios, uptake and retention, absorbed dose rate, and distribution of radio-caesium in earthwo ... | 2015 | 25464049 |
| ternary toxicological interactions of insecticides, herbicides, and a heavy metal on the earthworm eisenia fetida. | the combined toxicities of five insecticides (chlorpyrifos, avermectin, imidacloprid, λ-cyhalothrin, and phoxim), two herbicides (atrazine and butachlor), and a heavy metal (cadmium) have been examined using the acute toxicity test on the earthworm. with a concentration of 2.75 mg/kg being lethal for 50% of the organisms, imidacloprid exhibited the highest acute toxicity toward the earthworm eisenia fetida. toxicological interactions of these chemicals in ternary mixtures were studied using the ... | 2015 | 25463238 |