Publications

stress-induced accumulation of dcaox1 and dcaox2a transcripts coincides with critical time point for structural biomass prediction in carrot primary cultures (daucus carota l.).	stress-adaptive cell plasticity in target tissues and cells for plant biomass growth is important for yield stability. in vitro systems with reproducible cell plasticity can help to identify relevant metabolic and molecular events during early cell reprogramming. in carrot, regulation of the central root meristem is a critical target for yield-determining secondary growth. calorespirometry, a tool previously identified as promising for predictive growth phenotyping has been applied to measure th ...	2016	26858746
combined effect of starch/montmorillonite coating and passive map in antioxidant activity, total phenolics, organic acids and volatile of fresh-cut carrots.	this work evaluates fresh-cut carrots (fcc) coated with montmorillonite (mmt) subjected to passive modified atmosphere packaging. carrots were sanitized, cooled, peeled and sliced. half of the fcc were coated with mmt nanoparticle film and the other half were not. all fccs were packed in a polypropylene rigid tray, covered with a polypropylene rigid lid or sealed with polyethylene + propylene film, in four treatments (rl, rigid lid; rlc, rigid lid + coating; st, sealed tray; stc, sealed tray + c ...	2016	26857136
assessment of antisecretory, gastroprotective, and in-vitro antacid potential of daucus carota in experimental rats.	in indo china, carrots have been reported to regulate the functions of the stomach and intestines. the objective of the present investigation was to unravel the therapeutic potential of 50% ethanol extract from daucus carota roots (edc) on antisecretory, gastroprotective, and in vitro antacid capacity using experimental rats.	2015	26835241
effect of carrot intake in the prevention of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis.	gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with the incidence and mortality being higher in men than in women. various studies have shown that eating carrots may play a major role in the prevention of gastric cancer. we conducted a meta-analysis to determine the relationship between carrot consumption and gastric cancer.	2015	26819805
evaluation of phytotoxicity effect on selected crops using treated and untreated wastewater from different configurative domestic wastewater plants.	this study investigated the phytotoxicity effect of untreated and treated wastewater collected from two different configurations of domestic wastewater treatment plants in south africa. the phytotoxicity effect on vegetable seed growth was studied in terms of germination index (gi), relative seed germination (rsg) and relative root elongation (rre) using four commercial crop varieties, viz., tomato (lycopersicon esculentum), radish (raphanus sativus), carrot (daucus carota) and onion (allium cep ...	2016	26806819
the incidence and distribution of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat vegetables in south-western nigeria.	the study investigated the incidence of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (rte) vegetables: (cucumber, cucumis sativas; cabbage, brassica olerecea; carrot, daucus carota; tomato, solanum lycopersicum; lettuce, lactuca sativa) in six states in south-western nigeria. a total of 555 composite samples were collected from 30 traditional markets within the states and only 244 l. monocytogenes species were isolated by standard methods. the incidence of l. monocytogenes was low and not statisticall ...	2016	26788311
evaluation of native plant flower characteristics for conservation biological control of prays oleae.	several studies have shown that manipulating flowering weeds within an agroecosystem can have an important role in pest control by natural enemies, by providing them nectar and pollen, which are significant sources of nutrition for adults. the aim of this study was to assess if the olive moth, prays oleae (bernard, 1788) (lepidoptera: praydidae), and five of its main natural enemies, the parasitoid species chelonus elaeaphilus silvestri (hymenoptera: braconidae), apanteles xanthostigma (haliday) ...	2016	26780918
differential pigment accumulation in carrot leaves and roots during two growing periods.	carotenoids are important secondary metabolites involved in plant growth and nutritional quality of vegetable crops. these pigments are highly accumulated in carrot root, but knowledge about the impact of environmental factors on their accumulation is limited. the purpose of this work was to investigate the impact of environmental variations on carotenoid accumulation in carrot leaves and roots. in this work, carrots were grown during two contrasting periods to maximize bioclimatic differences. ...	2016	26752004
a novel in vivo β carotene biosensor for heavy metals detection.	a novel whole cell-based biosensor was constructed using daucus carota cell as a biological component, with in vivo β-carotene as a reporter group. in this biosensor, the cells were immobilized using agarose gel, and change in in vivo β-carotene, before and after exposure of cells to heavy metals was noted using spectrophotometer at λ = 450 nm. biosensor was found to operate at its optimum condition using cells from day-14 culture with density of 8 x 10(5) cells/cuvette, and immobilized with 0.5 ...	2015	26688961
accurate mass gc/lc-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry analysis of fatty acids and triacylglycerols of spicy fruits from the apiaceae family.	the triacylglycerol (tag) structure and the regio-stereospecific distribution of fatty acids (fa) of seed oils from most of the apiaceae family are not well documented. the tag structure ultimately determines the final physical properties of the oils and the position of fas in the tag molecule affects the digestion; absorption and metabolism; and physical and technological properties of tags. fixed oils from the fruits of dill (anethum graveolens), caraway (carum carvi), cumin (cuminum cyminum), ...	2015	26633337
isolation, purification and characterization of two laccases from carrot (daucus carota l.) and their response to abiotic and metal ions stresses.	laccases, which belong to the blue copper oxidase enzyme family, oxidize many organic and inorganic compounds. the laccase-encoding genes dclac1 and dclac2 were isolated from the economically important tuberous root carrot, and their proteins were successfully expressed and purified using the escherichia coli expression system bl21(de3). dclac1 and dclac2 had molecular masses of approximately 64 and 61.9 kda, respectively. with 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate acid) as the substr ...	2015	26626349
assessment of pectinase production by bacillus mojavensis i4 using an economical substrate and its potential application in oil sesame extraction.	carrot (daucus carota) peels, local agricultural waste product, is rich in lignocellulolytic material, including pectin which can act as an inducer of pectinase production. pectinolytic enzymes production by bacillus mojavensis i4 was studied in liquid state fermentation using carrot peel as a substrate. medium composition and culture conditions for the pectinase production by i4 were optimized using two statistical methods: taguchi design was applied to find the key ingredients and conditions f ...	2015	26604345
combined effect of water loss and wounding stress on gene activation of metabolic pathways associated with phenolic biosynthesis in carrot.	the application of postharvest abiotic stresses is an effective strategy to activate the primary and secondary metabolism of plants inducing the accumulation of antioxidant phenolic compounds. in the present study, the effect of water stress applied alone and in combination with wounding stress on the activation of primary (shikimic acid) and secondary (phenylpropanoid) metabolic pathways related with the accumulation of phenolic compound in plants was evaluated. carrot (daucus carota) was used ...	2015	26528305
eating quality of carrots (daucus carota l.) grown in one conventional and three organic cropping systems over three years.	the eating quality of carrots (daucus carota l.) was investigated to evaluate the impact of cropping systems (one conventional and three organic systems) and growing years (2007, 2008, and 2009) on root size, chemical composition, and sensory quality. the content of dry matter, sugars, polyacetylenes, and terpenes as well as the sensory quality and root size were related to the climate during the three growing years. a higher global radiation and a higher temperature sum in 2009 as compared to 2 ...	2015	26513153
genetic and phenological variation of tocochromanol (vitamin e) content in wild (daucus carota l. var. carota) and domesticated carrot (d. carota l. var. sativa).	carrot roots (daucus carota l. var. sativa) produce tocochromanol compounds, collectively known as vitamin e. however, little is known about their types and amounts. here we determined the range and variation in types and amounts of tocochromanols in a variety of cultivated carrot accessions throughout carrot postharvest storage and reproductive stages and in wild-type roots (daucus carota l. var. carota). of eight possible tocochromanol compounds, we detected and quantified α-, and the combined ...	2014	26504534
larvicidal and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of apiaceae plant essential oils and their constituents against aedes albopictus and formulation development.	this study evaluated the larvicidal activity of 12 apiaceae plant essential oils and their components against the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, and the inhibition of acetylcholine esterase with their components. of the 12 plant essential oils tested, ajowan (trachyspermum ammi), caraway seed (carum carvi), carrot seed (daucus carota), celery (apium graveolens), cumin (cuminum cyminum), dill (anethum graveolens), and parsley (petroselinum sativum) resulted in >90% larval mortality when ...	2015	26500081
metabolomics of daucus carota cultured cell lines under stressing conditions reveals interactions between phenolic compounds.	a metabolomic approach followed by principal components and partial least square analysis was used for investigating the effect of environmental factors on two daucus carota l. cv. flakkese cell lines (r3m and r4g), selected for their ability to produce anthocyanins in the light and the dark, respectively. a positive correlation between total anthocyanin, hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acid accumulation was found in both lines. furthermore, the experimental design and the combination of bioc ...	2009	26493146
bioactive c₁₇-polyacetylenes in carrots (daucus carota l.): current knowledge and future perspectives.	c17-polyacetylenes (pas) are a prominent group of oxylipins and are primarily produced by plants of the families apiaceae, araliaceae, and asteraceae, respectively. recent studies on the biological activity of polyacetylenes have indicated their potential to improve human health due to anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and serotogenic effects. these findings suggest targeting vegetables with elevated levels of bisacetylenic oxylipins, such as falcarinol, by breeding studi ...	2015	26451696
bioaccumulation of antimony and arsenic in vegetables and health risk assessment in the superlarge antimony-mining area, china.	heavy metal pollution in soils caused by mining and smelting has attracted worldwide attention for its potential health risks to residents. this paper studies the concentrations and accumulations of sb and as in both soils and vegetables and the human health risks of sb and as in vegetables from xikuangshan (xks) sb mine, hunan, china. results showed that the soils were severely polluted by sb and as; sb and as have significant positive correlation. sb and as concentrations in vegetables were qu ...	2015	26442167
redirection of metabolite biosynthesis from hydroxybenzoates to volatile terpenoids in green hairy roots of daucus carota.	a metabolic shift in green hairy root cultures of carrot from phenylpropanoid/benzenoid biosynthesis toward volatile isoprenoids was observed when compared with the metabolite profile of normal hairy root cultures. hairy roots cultures of daucus carota turned green under continuous illumination, while the content of the major phenolic compound p-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-hba) was reduced to half as compared to normal hairy roots cultured in darkness. p-hydroxybenzaldehyde dehydrogenase (hbd) activi ...	2016	26403287
the dual role of phytoene synthase genes in carotenogenesis in carrot roots and leaves.	carrot (daucus carota l.) is an important food crop and is useful for studying carotenogenesis due to the quantity and diversity of carotenoids in its roots. phytoene synthase catalyzes the first committed step in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, and its overexpression is the main driving force in the orange phenotype. at present, we lack fundamental knowledge of the role of these genes and their effects on carotenoid accumulation in leaves. in the present study, three backcross inbred lines ...	2014	26316840
the complete chloroplast genome of north american ginseng, panax quinquefolius.	we report complete nucleotide sequence of the panax quinquefolius chloroplast genome using next-generation sequencing technology. the genome size is 156 359 bp, including two inverted repeats (irs) of 52 153 bp, separated by the large single-copy (lsc 86 184 bp) and small single-copy (ssc 18 081 bp) regions. this cp genome encodes 114 unigenes (80 protein-coding genes, four rrna genes, and 30 trna genes), in which 18 are duplicated in the ir regions. overall gc content of the genome is 38.08%. a ...	2015	26309073
pervasive mitochondrial sequence heteroplasmy in natural populations of wild carrot, daucus carota spp. carota l.	exceptions to the generally accepted rules that plant mitochondrial genomes are strictly maternally inherited and that within-individual sequence diversity in those genomes, i.e., heteroplasmy, should be minimal are becoming increasingly apparent especially with regard to sequence-level heteroplasmy. these findings raise questions about the potential significance of such heteroplasmy for plant mitochondrial genome evolution. still studies quantifying the amount and consequences of sequence heter ...	2015	26295342
the complete chloroplast genome of north american ginseng, panax quinquefolius.	we report complete nucleotide sequence of the panax quinquefolius chloroplast genome using next-generation sequencing technology. the genome size is 156 359 bp, including two inverted repeats (irs) of 52 153 bp, separated by the large single-copy (lsc 86 184 bp) and small single-copy (ssc 18 081 bp) regions. this cp genome encodes 114 unigenes (80 protein-coding genes, four rrna genes, and 30 trna genes), in which 18 are duplicated in the ir regions. overall gc content of the genome is 38.08%. a ...	2015	26273918
bioaccessibility of polyphenols from plant-processing byproducts of black carrot (daucus carota l.).	plant-processing byproducts of black carrot represent an important disposal problem for the industry; however, they are also promising sources of polyphenols, especially anthocyanins. the present study focused on the changes in polyphenols from black carrot, peel, and pomace during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. total phenolic content (tpc), total monomeric anthocyanin content (tmac), and total antioxidant capacity (tac) were determined using spectrophotometric methods, whereas identificat ...	2016	26262673
ecotoxicity of neutral red (dye) and its environmental applications.	neutral red (nr) is a synthetic phenazine with promising prospect in environmental biotechnology as an electron shuttle. recently, nr injections into coal seam associated groundwater in australia (final dissolved nr concentration: 8 µm ± 0.2) were shown to increase methanogenesis up to ten-fold. however, information about nr toxicity to ecological receptors is sorely lacking. the main aim of this study was to investigate the concentration dependent toxicity of nr in microorganisms and plants. ac ...	2015	26247897
evaluation of combined disinfection methods for reducing escherichia coli o157:h7 population on fresh-cut vegetables.	most current disinfection strategies for fresh-cut industry are focused on the use of different chemical agents; however, very little has been reported on the effectiveness of the hurdle technology. the effect of combined decontamination methods based on the use of different sanitizers (peroxyacetic acid and chlorine dioxide) and the application of pressure (vacuum/positive pressure) on the inactivation of the foodborne pathogen e. coli o157:h7 on fresh-cut lettuce (lactuca sativa) and carrots ( ...	2015	26213954
analysis of the thermal degradation of the individual anthocyanin compounds of black carrot (daucus carota l.): a new approach using high-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.	the black carrot dye is a mixture of cyanidin molecules, the nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectrum of which shows a highly overlapped aromatic region. in this study, the (1)h nmr (800 mhz) aromatic chemical shifts of the mixture were fully assigned by overlaying them with the characterized (1)h nmr chemical shifts of the separated compounds. the latter were isolated using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc), and their chemical shifts were identified using (1)h and ...	2015	26160425
espresso coffee residues as a nitrogen amendment for small-scale vegetable production.	espresso coffee grounds constitute a residue which is produced daily in considerable amounts, and is often pointed out as being potentially interesting for plant nutrition. two experiments (incubations and field experiments) were carried out to evaluate the potential nitrogen (n) and phosphorus (p) supply for carrot (daucus carota l.), spinach (spinacea oleracea l.) and lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) nutrition.	2015	26123995
daucus carota pentane/diethyl ether fraction inhibits motility and reduces invasion of cancer cells.	daucus carota (dc) is a herb used in folklore medicine in lebanon to treat numerous diseases including cancer. recent studies in our laboratory on dc oil and its fractions revealed potent anticancer activities in vitro and in vivo. the present study aims to investigate the effect of the most potent dc fraction, pentane/diethyl ether (50:50), on lung, skin, breast and glioblastoma cancer cell motility and invasion. upon treatment, a pronounced decrease in cancer cell motility was observed in the ...	2014	26088465
ethnomedicinal plants of shankaracharya hill, srinagar, j&k, india.	primitive human societies have always relied on plants and plant products for various remedies. in certain areas, these folk medical prescriptions are endemic and have survived through ages from one generation to the next through word of mouth. they do not exist as written knowledge. the present study was undertaken with an objective of documenting the ethnobotanical information of medicinal plants of shankaracharya hill by taking the help of local herbalists, elderly and knowledgeable people.	2015	26008867
the impact of fermentation with exopolysaccharide producing lactic acid bacteria on rheological, chemical and sensory properties of pureed carrots (daucus carota l.).	fermentation with lactic acid bacteria (lab) offers a natural means to modify technological and nutritional properties of foods and food ingredients. this study explored the impact of fermentation with different exopolysaccharide (eps) producing lab on rheological, chemical and sensory properties of puréed carrots in water, as a vegetable model, with the focus on texture formation. the screening of 37 lab strains for starter selection revealed 16 lactobacillus, leuconostoc and weissella strains ...	2015	26001525
influence of different processing and storage conditions on in vitro bioaccessibility of polyphenols in black carrot jams and marmalades.	black carrot is indicated to play an important role in nutrition, as it comprises a variety of health-promoting components, including polyphenols. the objective of the present study was to monitor the stability of total phenolics, antioxidant capacity and phenolic acids in black carrot jams and marmalades after processing, storage and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were determined using spectrophotometric methods, whereas phenolic acids were ...	2015	25976794
genome-wide analysis of ap2/erf transcription factors in carrot (daucus carota l.) reveals evolution and expression profiles under abiotic stress.	ap2/erf is a large transcription factor family that regulates plant physiological processes, such as plant development and stress response. carrot (daucus carota l.) is an important economical crop with a genome size of 480 mb; the draft genome sequencing of this crop has been completed by our group. however, little is known about the ap2/erf factors in carrot. in this study, a total of 267 putative ap2/erf factors were identified from the whole-genome sequence of carrot. these ap2/erf proteins ...	2015	25971861
polyacetylenes from carrots (daucus carota) improve glucose uptake in vitro in adipocytes and myotubes.	a dichloromethane (dcm) extract of carrot roots was found to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake (gu) in adipocytes in a dose dependent manner. bioassay-guided fractionation of the dcm extract resulted in the isolation of the polyacetylenes falcarinol and falcarindiol. both polyacetylenes were able to significantly stimulate basal and/or insulin-dependent gu in 3t3-l1 adipocytes and porcine myotube cell cultures in a dose-dependent manner. falcarindiol increased peroxisome proliferator-ac ...	2015	25970571
regulation of ascorbic acid biosynthesis and recycling during root development in carrot (daucus carota l.).	ascorbic acid (asa), also known as vitamin c, is an essential nutrient in fruits and vegetables. the fleshy root of carrot (daucus carota l.) is a good source of asa for humans. however, the metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in the control of asa content during root development in carrot have not been elucidated. to gain insights into the regulation of asa accumulation and to identify the key genes involved in the asa metabolism, we cloned and analyzed the expression of 21 rel ...	2015	25956452
transgenic carrot expressing fusion protein comprising m. tuberculosis antigens induces immune response in mice.	tuberculosis remains one of the major infectious diseases, which continues to pose a major global health problem. transgenic plants may serve as bioreactors to produce heterologous proteins including antibodies, antigens, and hormones. in the present study, a genetic construct has been designed that comprises the mycobacterium tuberculosis genes cfp10, esat6 and difn gene, which encode deltaferon, a recombinant analog of the human γ-interferon designed for expression in plant tissues. this const ...	2015	25949997
actinorugispora endophytica gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from daucus carota.	an actinomycete strain, designated yim 690008t, was isolated from daucus carota collected from south korea and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. the strain grew well on most media tested and no diffusible pigment was produced. the aerial mycelium formed wrinkled single spores and short spore chains, some of which were branched. the whole-cell hydrolysates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, glucose, mannose, ribose, galactose and rhamnose. the predominant me ...	2015	25948617
identification and characterization of terpene synthases potentially involved in the formation of volatile terpenes in carrot (daucus carota l.) roots.	plants produce an excess of volatile organic compounds, which are important in determining the quality and nutraceutical properties of fruit and root crops, including the taste and aroma of carrots (daucus carota l.). a combined chemical, biochemical, and molecular study was conducted to evaluate the differential accumulation of volatile terpenes in a diverse collection of fresh carrots (d. carota l.). here, we report on a transcriptome-based identification and functional characterization of two ...	2015	25924989
transfer model of lead in soil-carrot (daucus carota l.) system and food safety thresholds in soil.	reliable empirical models describing lead (pb) transfer in soil-plant systems are needed to improve soil environmental quality standards. a greenhouse experiment was conducted to develop soil-plant transfer models to predict pb concentrations in carrot (daucus carota l.). soil thresholds for food safety were then derived inversely using the prediction model in view of the maximum allowable limit for pb in food. the 2 most important soil properties that influenced carrot pb uptake factor (ratio o ...	2015	25904232
design and application of a biphasic system that enhances productivity of daucus carota-catalyzed asymmetric reduction.	to develop a biphasic system for use in plant tissue-mediated biotransformations to overcome the low water solubilities of substrates and inhibitory effects of products.	2015	25893325
antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of the oil fractions from wild carrot (daucus carota ssp. carota).	wild carrot, daucus carota l. ssp. carota (apiacae), is widely distributed throughout the world and has various uses in traditional medicine in lebanon.	2015	25856705
influence of cultivar and harvest year on the volatile profiles of leaves and roots of carrots (daucus carota spp. sativus hoffm.).	the focus of the present work centers on the diversity of volatile patterns of carrots. in total 15 main volatiles were semiquantified in leaves and roots using isolation by headspace solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography with fid and ms detection. significant differences in the main number of compounds were detected between the cultivars as well as the years. genotype-environment interactions (g × e) are discussed. the most abundant metabolites, β-myrcene (leaves) and terpi ...	2015	25797828
modeling the transfer of arsenic from soil to carrot (daucus carota l.)--a greenhouse and field-based study.	reliable empirical models describing arsenic (as) transfer in soil-plant systems are needed to estimate the human as burden from dietary intake. a greenhouse experiment was conducted in parallel with a field trial located at three sites through china to develop and validate soil-plant transfer models to predict as concentrations in carrot (daucus carota l.). stepwise multiple linear regression relationships were based on soil properties and the pseudo total (aqua regia) or available (0.5 m nahco ...	2015	25750050
cross-talk between signaling pathways: the link between plant secondary metabolite production and wounding stress response.	plants subjected to wounding stress produce secondary metabolites. several of these metabolites prevent chronic diseases and can be used as colorants, flavors, and as antimicrobials. this wound-induced production of plant secondary metabolites is mediated by signaling-molecules such as reactive oxygen species (ros), ethylene (et) and jasmonic acid (ja). however, their specific role and interactions that modulate the wound-respond in plants is not fully understood. in the present study, a subtrac ...	2015	25712739
cyanidin and malvidin in aqueous extracts of black carrots fermented with aspergillus oryzae prevent the impairment of energy, lipid and glucose metabolism in estrogen-deficient rats by ampk activation.	black carrots (daucus carota l.) are rich in anthocyanins which contribute many health benefits, but are limited by bioavailability and instability when exposed to oxygen, heat and light. fermenting black carrots may improve the stability, absorption and bioactivity of its anthocyanins. here, we examined whether and by what mechanisms the long-term consumption of unfermented black carrot extract (bc) and its extracts fermented with lactobacillus plantarum (bclp) or aspergillus oryzae (bcao) migh ...	2015	25701199
two new eudesmane-type glucopyranosides from the fruits of daucus carota l.	two new eudesmane-type glucopyranosides have been isolated from the fruits of daucus carota l. on the basis of their spectroscopic and chemical evidence, the new compounds were elucidated as daucucarotol-10-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) and decahydro-7-[(2-o-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-isopropyl]-1β,4aα-dimethyl-(1α,4α,8aβ)-naphthalenetriol (2). compounds 1 and 2 showed moderate antitumour activity against human eca-109 and gave ic50 values of 23.22 and 26.76 μm, respectively.	2015	25686649
wild carrot oil extract is selectively cytotoxic to human acute myeloid leukemia cells.	in this study, we used daucus carota oil extract (dcoe) to target acute myeloid leukemia (aml) cells. all the aml cell lines tested were sensitive to the extract while peripheral mononuclear cells were not. analysis of mechanism of cell death showed an increase in cells positive for annexinv and for active caspases, indicating that dcoe induces apoptotic cell death in aml. inhibition of the mapk pathway decreased sensitivity of aml cells to dcoe, indicating that cytotoxicity may be dependent on ...	2015	25684522
male sterility in arabidopsis induced by overexpression of a myc5-srdx chimeric repressor.	jasmonate hormone (ja) plays critical roles in both plant defense and reproductive development. arabidopsis thaliana plants deficient in ja-biosynthesis or -signaling are male-sterile, with defects in stamen and pollen development. myc2, myc3 and myc4 are jaz-interacting bhlh transcription factors that play a major role in controlling ja responses in vegetative tissue, but are not likely to play a role in reproductive tissue. we found that a closely related transcription factor, myc5 (bhlh28), w ...	2015	25627909
removal notice to "protective effect of daucus carota against uv-dmba induced skin cancer in mice" [chem. biol. interact. 219 (2014) 48-56].		2014	25606606
daucus carota pentane-based fractions suppress proliferation and induce apoptosis in human colon adenocarcinoma ht-29 cells by inhibiting the mapk and pi3k pathways.	daucus carota l. ssp. carota (apiacea, wild carrot, queen anne's lace) has been used in folk medicine throughout the world and recently was shown to possess anticancer and antioxidant activities. this study aims to determine the anticancer activity of the pentane fraction (f1) and the 1:1 pentane:diethyl ether fraction (f2) of the daucus carota oil extract (dcoe) against human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines (ht-29 and caco-2). treatment of cells with various concentrations of f1 or f2 fractions ...	2015	25599142
ethnopharmacological approach to the herbal medicines of the "antidotes" in nikolaos myrepsos׳ dynameron.	this paper focuses on the plants quoted in the recipes of the first chapter entitled "about the antidotes" belonging to the first and largest section "element alpha" of nikolaos myrepsos׳ dynameron, a medieval medical manuscript. nikolaos myrepsos was a byzantine physician at the court of john iii doukas vatatzes at nicaea (13th century). he wrote in greek a rich collection of 2667 recipes, the richest number known in late byzantine era, conventionally known as dynameron and divided into 24 sect ...	2015	25596353
carrot cells: a pioneering platform for biopharmaceuticals production.	carrot (daucus carota l.) is of importance in the molecular farming field as it constitutes the first plant species approved to produce biopharmaceuticals for human use. in this review, features that make carrot an advantageous species in the molecular farming field are analyzed and a description of the developments achieved with this crop thus far is presented. a guide for genetic transformation procedures is also included. the state of the art comprises ten vaccine prototypes against measles v ...	2015	25572939
barcoding melting curve analysis for rapid, sensitive, and discriminating authentication of saffron (crocus sativus l.) from its adulterants.	saffron (crocus sativus l.) is one of the most important and expensive medicinal spice products in the world. because of its high market value and premium price, saffron is often adulterated through the incorporation of other materials, such as carthamus tinctorius l. and calendula officinalis l. flowers, hemerocallis l. petals, daucus carota l. fleshy root, curcuma longa l. rhizomes, zea may l., and nelumbo nucifera gaertn. stigmas. to develop a straightforward, nonsequencing method for rapid, ...	2014	25548775
impact and correlation of environmental conditions on pollen counts in karachi, pakistan.	a quantitative and qualitative survey of airborne pollen was performed in the city of karachi, and the pollen counts were correlated with different climatic conditions. the aim of the study was to determine the possible effect of meteorological factors on airborne pollen distribution in the atmosphere of karachi city. pollen sampling was carried out by using burkard spore trap for the period of august 2009 to july 2010, and a total of 2,922 pollen grains/m(3) were recorded. in this survey, 22 po ...	2015	25530143
composition and (in)homogeneity of carotenoid crystals in carrot cells revealed by high resolution raman imaging.	three categories of roots differing in both β/α-carotene ratio and in total carotenoid content were selected based on hplc measurements: high α- and β-carotene (hαhβ), low α- and high β-carotene (lαhβ), and low α- and low β-carotene (lαlβ). single carotenoid crystals present in the root cells were directly measured using high resolution raman imaging technique with 532nm and 488nm lasers without compound extraction. crystals of the hαhβ root had complex composition and consisted of β-carotene ac ...	2015	25459698
carrot (daucus carota l.).	plants are susceptible to infection by a broad range of fungal pathogens. a range of proteins have been evaluated that can enhance tolerance to these pathogens by heterologous expression in transgenic carrot tissues. the protocols for carrot transformation with arabidopsis npr1 (non-expressor of pathogenesis-related proteins 1) are described in this chapter, using the herbicide resistance gene bar, which encodes phosphinothricin acetyltransferase, as a selectable marker. in this protocol, petiol ...	2015	25416249
heat shock factors in carrot: genome-wide identification, classification, and expression profiles response to abiotic stress.	heat shock factors (hsfs) play key roles in the response to abiotic stress in eukaryotes. in this study, 35 dchsfs were identified from carrot (daucus carota l.) based on the carrot genome database. all 35 dchsfs were divided into three classes (a, b, and c) according to the structure and phylogenetic relationships of four different plants, namely, arabidopsis thaliana, vitis vinifera, brassica rapa, and oryza sativa. comparative analysis of algae, gymnosperms, and angiosperms indicated that the ...	2015	25403331
phenotyping carrot (daucus carota l.) for yield-determining temperature response by calorespirometry.	calorespirometric measurements proved to be useful for phenotyping temperature response in terms of optimum temperatures for growth and low temperature limits for growth respiration in diverse carrot genotypes. high and low-temperature tolerance is an important trait in many breeding programs, but to date, improvement strategies have had limited success. developing new, cost efficient and reliable screening tools to identify and select the most tolerant crop plant genotypes is necessary to assis ...	2015	25380771
morphometrics of daucus (apiaceae): a counterpart to a phylogenomic study.	molecular phylogenetics of genome-scale data sets (phylogenomics) often produces phylogenetic trees with unprecedented resolution. a companion phylogenomics analysis of daucus using 94 conserved nuclear orthologs supported many of the traditional species but showed unexpected results that require morphological analyses to help interpret them in a practical taxonomic context.	2014	25366864
effect of acidification on carrot (daucus carota) juice cloud stability.	effects of acidity on cloud stability in pasteurized carrot juice were examined over the ph range of 3.5-6.2. cloud sedimentation, particle diameter, and ζ potential were measured at each ph condition to quantify juice cloud stability and clarification during 3 days of storage. acidification below ph 4.9 resulted in a less negative ζ potential, an increased particle size, and an unstable cloud, leading to juice clarification. as the acidity increased, clarification occurred more rapidly and to a ...	2014	25354298
mapping genes governing flower architecture and pollen development in a double mutant population of carrot.	a linkage map of carrot (daucus carota l.) was developed in order to study reproductive traits. the f2 mapping population derived from an initial cross between a yellow leaf (yel) chlorophyll mutant and a compressed lamina (cola) mutant with unique flower defects of the sporophytic parts of male and female organs. the genetic map has a total length of 781 cm and included 285 loci. the length of the nine linkage groups (lgs) ranged between 65 and 145 cm. all lgs have been anchored to the referenc ...	2014	25339960
new insights into domestication of carrot from root transcriptome analyses.	understanding the molecular basis of domestication can provide insights into the processes of rapid evolution and crop improvement. here we demonstrated the processes of carrot domestication and identified genes under selection based on transcriptome analyses.	2014	25311557
daucus carota pentane-based fractions arrest the cell cycle and increase apoptosis in mda-mb-231 breast cancer cells.	daucus carota l.ssp.carota (wild carrot), an herb used in folk medicine worldwide, was recently demonstrated to exhibit anticancer activity. in this study we examined the anticancer effect of daucus carota oil extract (dcoe) fractions on the human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines mda-mb-231 and mcf-7 and clarified the mechanism of action.	2014	25300932
effect of β-lactam antibiotics on plant regeneration in carrot protoplast cultures.	protoplasts of three carrot cultivars were isolated from in vitro-grown plantlets by overnight incubation in an enzyme mixture composed of 1% (w/v) cellulase onozuka r-10 and 0.1% (w/v) pectolyase y-23. after cell immobilization in modified thin alginate layers, three types of β-lactam antibiotics (cefotaxime, carbenicillin, or timentin) at five different concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400, or 500 mg l(-1)) were added to the culture medium. in 20-d-old cultures, a different number of cell coloni ...	2014	25298730
biological control of meloidogyne hapla using an antagonistic bacterium.	we examined the efficacy of a bacterium for biocontrol of the root-knot nematode (rkn) meloidogyne hapla in carrot (daucus carota subsp. sativus) and tomato (solanum lycopersicum). among 542 bacterial isolates from various soils and plants, the highest nematode mortality was observed for treatments with isolate c1-7, which was identified as bacillus cereus based on cultural and morphological characteristics, the biolog program, and 16s rrna sequencing analyses. the population density and the nem ...	2014	25289015
investigating the performance of in situ quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and applying the method to determine the distribution of saccharides in various parts of carrot roots (daucus carota l.).	in order to explore the performance of the analytical method called in situ quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - is q nmr - the distribution of glucose, fructose and sucrose in various parts of a carrot root (daucus carota l.) - primary xylem, secondary xylem, phloem, cortex; top part and lower part - was determined. the influence on the quality of spectra of drying samples before analysis was studied, as well as the influence of the length of strips of tissue used in analysis. ...	2015	25281111
transcript profiling of structural genes involved in cyanidin-based anthocyanin biosynthesis between purple and non-purple carrot (daucus carota l.) cultivars reveals distinct patterns.	carrots (daucus carota l.) are among the 10 most economically important vegetable crops grown worldwide. purple carrot cultivars accumulate rich cyanidin-based anthocyanins in a light-independent manner in their taproots whereas other carrot color types do not. anthocyanins are important secondary metabolites in plants, protecting them from damage caused by strong light, heavy metals, and pathogens. furthermore, they are important nutrients for human health. molecular mechanisms underlying antho ...	2014	25269413
carrotdb: a genomic and transcriptomic database for carrot.	carrot (daucus carota l.) is an economically important vegetable worldwide and is the largest source of carotenoids and provitamin a in the human diet. given the importance of this vegetable to humans, research and breeding communities on carrot should obtain useful genomic and transcriptomic information. the first whole-genome sequences of 'dc-27' carrot were de novo assembled and analyzed. transcriptomic sequences of 14 carrot genotypes were downloaded from the sequence read archive (sra) data ...	2014	25267795
screening for bioactive metabolites in plant extracts modulating glucose uptake and fat accumulation.	dichloromethane and methanol extracts of seven different food and medicinal plants were tested in a screening platform for identification of extracts with potential bioactivity related to insulin-dependent glucose uptake and fat accumulation. the screening platform included a series of in vitro bioassays, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (ppar) γ-mediated transactivation, adipocyte differentiation of 3t3-l1 cell cultures, and glucose uptake in both 3t3-l1 adipocytes and primary porcine ...	2014	25254050
in vitro bioaccessibility of β-carotene, ca, mg and zn in landrace carrots (daucus carota, l.).	four landrace carrots ("becaria", "crs", "gonzález" and "rodríguez") and two marketable cultivars (kuroda and brasilia), raw and steamed, were characterised by the total content of β-carotene ca, mg and zn, in vitro bioaccessibility and by colour and were evaluated to determine the effect of particle size in nutrient bioaccessibility. steaming increased the content of β-carotene extracted from "crs" and brasilia (29% and 75%) and decreased the content of β-carotene extracted from "crs" by 23% in ...	2015	25053069
essential-oil composition of daucus carota ssp. major (pastinocello carrot) and nine different commercial varieties of daucus carota ssp. sativus fruits.	the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the pastinocello carrot, daucus carota ssp. major (vis.) arcang. (flowers and achenes), and from nine different commercial varieties of d. carota l. ssp. sativus (achenes) was investigated by gc/ms analyses. selective breeding over centuries of a naturally occurring subspecies of the wild carrot, d. carota l. ssp. sativus, has produced the common garden vegetable with reduced bitterness, increased sweetness, and mi ...	2014	25044588
an improved uhplc-uv method for separation and quantification of carotenoids in vegetable crops.	carotenoid identification and quantitation is critical for the development of improved nutrition plant varieties. industrial analysis of carotenoids is typically carried out on multiple crops with potentially thousands of samples per crop, placing critical needs on speed and broad utility of the analytical methods. current chromatographic methods for carotenoid analysis have had limited industrial application due to their low throughput, requiring up to 60 min for complete separation of all comp ...	2014	25038701
sensory and health properties of steamed and boiled carrots (daucus carota ssp. sativus).	this study examined the influences of domestic processing conditions applied by consumers on firmness, colour and amount of phytochemicals and liking and sensory attributes intensity rating of carrots. the aim was to identify a cooking method and time that yields carrots with higher amount of β-carotene while maintaining consumer liking. instrumentally measured firmness and colour showed comparable degradation trends between cooking methods. while boiling showed a significant decrease in the amo ...	2014	24964285
an improved protocol for carrot haploid and doubled haploid plant production using induced parthenogenesis and ovule excision in vitro.	in this work, we describe an improved protocol for induced parthenogenesis and ovule culture of carrot (daucus carota l.). the effects of pollination with parsley pollen and/or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) treatment on the stimulation of parthenogenesis were studied using heterozygous donor plants of 30 varieties and breeding populations of carrots. isolated ovules, cultured in vitro, enlarged and developed embryos or calli. the application of 2,4-d on pollinated flowers stimulated cal ...	2014	24955000
characterization of centromeric histone h3 (cenh3) variants in cultivated and wild carrots (daucus sp.).	in eukaryotes, centromeres are the assembly sites for the kinetochore, a multi-protein complex to which spindle microtubules are attached at mitosis and meiosis, thereby ensuring segregation of chromosomes during cell division. they are specified by incorporation of cenh3, a centromere specific histone h3 variant which replaces canonical histone h3 in the nucleosomes of functional centromeres. to lay a first foundation of a putative alternative haploidization strategy based on centromere-mediate ...	2014	24887084
carotene hydroxylase activity determines the levels of both α-carotene and total carotenoids in orange carrots.	the typically intense carotenoid accumulation in cultivated orange-rooted carrots (daucus carota) is determined by a high protein abundance of the rate-limiting enzyme for carotenoid biosynthesis, phytoene synthase (psy), as compared with white-rooted cultivars. however, in contrast to other carotenoid accumulating systems, orange carrots are characterized by unusually high levels of α-carotene in addition to β-carotene. we found similarly increased α-carotene levels in leaves of orange carrots ...	2014	24858934
removed: protective effect of daucus carota against uv-dmba induced skin cancer in mice.	this article has been removed: please see elsevier policy on article withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). this article has been removed at the request of "due to a processing error during the review process, this paper was erroneously published online prematurely. the publisher apologizes to readers and the authors for any inconvenience caused."	2014	24812028
promotion and computation of inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity of herbal cream by incorporating indigenous medicinal plants.	herbal cream imparts a chief role in regulating melanin production of skin. the phytoconstituents present in herbal cream impact biological functions of skin and contribute nutrients required for the healthy skin. in the present study, it was envisaged to prepare three batches of herbal cream (hc1, hc2 and hc3) containing ethanol extracts of emblica officinalis (fruits), daucus carota (root), mangifera indica (leaves), mentha arvensis (leaves), terminalia arjuna (bark) and cucumis sativus (fruit ...	2014	24783796
mapping the variation of the carrot metabolome using 1h nmr spectroscopy and consensus pca.	genetic variation is the most influential factor for carrot (daucus carota l.) composition. however, difference in metabolite content between carrot varieties has not been described by nmr, although primary metabolites are important for human health and sensory properties. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of genotype on carrot metabolite composition using a (1)h nmr-based metabolomics approach. after extraction using aqueous and organic solvents, 25 hydrophilic metaboli ...	2014	24773156
factors contributing to the recalcitrance of herbaceous dicotyledons (forbs) to enzymatic deconstruction.	many different feedstocks are under consideration for the practical production of biofuels from lignocellulosic materials. the best choice under any particular combination of economic, agronomic, and environmental conditions depends on multiple factors. the use of old fields, restored prairie, or marginal lands to grow biofuel feedstocks offers several potential benefits including minimal agronomic inputs, reduced competition with food production, and high biodiversity. however, a major componen ...	2014	24708722
untargeted metabolomics: an emerging approach to determine the composition of herbal products.	natural remedies, such as those based on traditional chinese medicines, have become more popular also in western countries over the last 10 years. the composition of these herbal products is largely unknown and difficult to determine. moreover, since plants respond to their environment changing the metabolome, the composition of plant material can vary depending on the plant growth conditions. however, there is a growing need of a deeper knowledge on such natural remedies also in view of the gro ...	2013	24688688
oral delivery of plant-derived hiv-1 p24 antigen in low doses shows a superior priming effect in mice compared to high doses.	during early infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), there is a rapid depletion of cd4(+) t-cells in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (galt) in the gastrointestinal tract. therefore, immediate protection at these surfaces is of high priority for the development of an hiv-1 vaccine. thus, transgenic plants expressing hiv-1 antigens, which are exposed to immune competent cells in the galt during oral administration, can be interesting as potential vaccine candidates. in the p ...	2014	24631072
localization of daucus carota nmcp1 to the nuclear periphery: the role of the n-terminal region and an nls-linked sequence motif, rynlrr, in the tail domain.	recent ultrastructural studies revealed that a structure similar to the vertebrate nuclear lamina exists in the nuclei of higher plants. however, plant genomes lack genes for lamins and intermediate-type filament proteins, and this suggests that plant-specific nuclear coiled-coil proteins make up the lamina-like structure in plants. nmcp1 is a protein, first identified in daucus carota cells, that localizes exclusively to the nuclear periphery in interphase cells. it has a tripartite structure c ...	2014	24616728
study on folate binding domain of dihydrofolate reductase in different plant species and human beings.	data base (ncbi and tigr) searches are made to retrieve protein sequences of different plant species namely medicago truncatula, pisum sativum, ricinus communis, arabidopsis thaliana, vitis vinifera, glycine max, daucus carota, oryza sativa japonica group, arabidopsis lyrata subsp. lyrata, brachypodium distachyon, oryza sativa indica group, zea mays and careful alignment of derived sequences shows 95% or higher identity. similarly, dhfr sequence of human being is also retrieved from ncbi. a phyl ...	2014	24616563
induction of extracellular defense-related proteins in suspension cultured-cells of daucus carota elicited with cyclodextrins and methyl jasmonate.	suspension cultured-cells (scc) of daucus carota were used to evaluate the effect of methyl jasmonate and cyclodextrins, separately or in combination, on the induction of defense responses, particularly the accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins. a comparative study of the extracellular proteome (secretome) between control and elicited carrot scc pointed to the presence of amino acid sequences homologous to glycoproteins which have inhibitory activity against the cell-wall-degrading enzym ...	2014	24589476
[factors affecting embryogenesis in tissue cultures from domestic forms of umbellifera].	the cultivation of tissues from domestic forms of umbellifera (daucus carota, apium-graveolens) on simple, synthetic media resulted in the production of adventive embryos if the salts and trace elements of white's medium were replaced by those of the formula of murashige and skoog. in contrast to results with embryos from different seeds the positive effect of these components on the production and the early development of the adventive embryos in the tissue cultures obviously was not dependent ...	1966	24557788
the efficacy of essential oils as natural preservatives in vegetable oil.	the efforts for finding the natural preservatives with nontoxicity and nonirritancy have encouraged the scientists to research among the medicinal plants. the preservative efficacy of daucus carota, ferula gummosa, eugenium caryophyllata, oliveria decumbens, pelargonium graveolens, ziziphora tenuir, acorus calamus, and trachyspermum ammi essential oils on challenge test's pathogens and on pathogen's inoculated vegetable oil was evaluated by antimicrobial effectiveness test. carotol (46%), β-pine ...	2014	24552253
diversity, genetic mapping, and signatures of domestication in the carrot (daucus carota l.) genome, as revealed by diversity arrays technology (dart) markers.	carrot is one of the most economically important vegetables worldwide, but genetic and genomic resources supporting carrot breeding remain limited. we developed a diversity arrays technology (dart) platform for wild and cultivated carrot and used it to investigate genetic diversity and to develop a saturated genetic linkage map of carrot. we analyzed a set of 900 dart markers in a collection of plant materials comprising 94 cultivated and 65 wild carrot accessions. the accessions were attributed ...	2014	24532979
investigations on the growth and metabolism of cultured explants of daucus carota : ii. effects of iron, molybdenum and manganese on metabolism.	knowing that the element fe essentially triggers the action of the coconut milk stimulus for the growth of carrot explants and thereafter interacts with added mo and mn, the effects of these trace elements on growth (fresh and dry weight) and metabolism of both nitrogenous and nitrogen-free metabolites have been determined. an outstanding effect of fe is to determine the level of protein synthesized, and the combination of mo with fe increases both protein and the content of non-protein nitrogen ...	1968	24519729
investigations on the growth and metabolism of cultured explants of daucus carota : i. effects of iron, molybdenum and manganese on growth.	the effects of fe, mo and mn on the growth of explants drawn from different carrot clones were investigated. the explants were cultured aseptically on purified basal media supplemented with coconut milk. the two components of growth, i.e. cell division and cell enlargement, seem to respond differentially to the trace elements in question. fe plays the key role and acts as a "trigger" of the action of coconut milk in stimulating cell division. neither mo nor mn could replace iron in this respect. ...	1968	24519728
molecular characterization and pathogenicity of a carrot (daucus carota) infecting begomovirus and associated betasatellite from india.	the yellow mosaic pattern and shortening of leaf petiole are common disease symptoms associated with begomovirus infection in carrot. dna from field infected carrot leaves was analyzed by rolling circle amplification and sequencing. the results established the presence of ageratum enation virus (aev), which is referred to here as ageratum enation virus-carrot (aev-car). symptomatic ageratum (ageratum conyzoides) plants, growing adjacent to the carrot fields, also showed the presence of aev (aev- ...	2013	24512752
[investigations on the relation between differentiation and the composition of soluble protein of tissue cultures and leaves of daucus carota].	the correlations between differentiation, the amino acid composition of total protein and of soluble protein, and the disc electrophoretic distribution of soluble protein of carrot tissue cultures and of carrot plants (leaves) were studied. in spite of pronounced and characteristic changes in the electrophoretic distribution of the components of soluble protein in various developmental stages of both bioassays, no significant differences in the amino acid composition of protein were observed. wi ...	1969	24504783
[influence of nitrogen compounds and of auxin on embryogenesis in tissue cultures].	investigations of a regularly reacting system for the analysis of embryo formation in tissue cultures of daucus carota led to new points of view about this process and to the clarification of controversial results. essential factors for the embryogenesis are the nitrogen and the auxin of the nutrient. inorganic (kno3, nh4no3) as well as organic (amino acids, amides) nitrogenous compounds enhance the embryo formation; glutamine and ammonium nitrate are especially efficient. auxin (2,4-d), on the ...	1969	24504756
[characterization of root initiation and root senescence in callus- and organ-cultures of daucus carota through determination of the specific activity of the glutamate-dehydrogenase (nad)].	in callus tissues of daucus carota rhizogenesis was influenced by addition to the cultures of solutions with different kinetin concentrations (0-0.1-0.5-2 mg/l) and a constant auxin content (1 mg/l). in these cultures the specific activity of glutamate-dehydrogenase (e.c. 1.4.1.2.), aspartate-aminotransferase (e.c. 2.6.1.1.), isocitrate-dehydrogenase (e.c. 1.1.1.42) and of acid phosphatase (e.c. 3.1.3.2.) was determined. before root initiation can be seen morphologically in tissues grown on low ...	1970	24500017
investigations on the growth and metabolism of cultured explants of daucus carota : iii. the range of responses induced in carrot explants by exogenous growth factors and by trace elements.	the responses of carrot explants to various growth-promoting agents and to certain trace elements with which they interact have been investigated. a great range in the metabolic behavior of the tissue may be brought about in this way. the responses to the exogenously applied substances are described in terms of the growth of the carrot explants in fresh weight and number of cells and also in terms of their metabolism, as shown by the final content and composition of the non-protein n compounds, ...	1970	24500015
the greening of chromoplasts in daucus carota l.	evidence was obtained for the transformation of chromoplasts to chloroplasts in the cortex parenchyma of carrot during exposure to light. typical chromoplasts containing carotene crystals but no lamellar system were observed at the onset of illumination. the ensuing synthesis of chlorophyll and a lamellar system was accompanied by disappearance of the carotene crystals. only chloroplasts were present after 48 hr in the light. the different stages of plastid development were observed using the el ...	1971	24493398
investigations on the growth and metabolism of cultured explants of daucus carota : iv. effects of iron, molybdenum and the components of growth promoting systems and their interactions.	the induction and maintenance of growth in small, standard explants of carrot root exposed to a trace-element-free basal nutrient medium (b ()) have been investigated. the organic growth factors that induce the growth are complex as represented by a trace-element-limited coconut-milk preparation (cm()) or the component parts of distinct growth promoting systems mediated by inositol or by 3-indoleacetic acid (iaa). in system i inositol interacts with growth factors from aesculus, of which a k ...	1971	24487636
investigations on the growth and metabolism of cultured explants of daucus carota : v. effects of trace elements and growth factors on the solutes accumulated.	earlier papers of this series relate to different growth-promoting substances and systems which, singly and in combination, have interacted with trace elements (mn and mo) and fe to induce growth and to affect the metabolism of aseptic cultures of carrot. the solutes of cultured carrot cells (k(+), na(+), cl(-), total solutes) are also affected. two clones were grown in 9 combinations of growth factors and under 4 trace-element regimes (a complete complement including fe, and this complement lac ...	1973	24469575
heavy metals bioconcentration from soil to vegetables and assessment of health risk caused by their ingestion.	the present study was undertaken to assess the non-carcinogenic human health risk of heavy metals through the ingestion of locally grown and commonly used vegetables viz. raphanus sativus (root vegetable), daucus carota (root vegetable), benincasa hispida (fruit vegetable) and brassica campestris leaves (leafy vegetable) in a semi-urbanized area of haryana state, india. heavy metal quantification of soil and vegetable samples was done using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. lead, cadmiu ...	2014	24464601