Publications

planting stress in newly planted jack pine and white spruce. 1. factors influencing water uptake.	bareroot jack pine (pinus banksiana lamb.) seedlings (2 + 0) and bareroot white spruce (picea glauca (moench) voss) transplants (1 1/2 + 1 1/2) were taken from cold storage and planted on a clearcut forest site in northeastern ontario on several dates between may 6 and june 5 during which period soil temperature at 15 cm depth increased from 0 to 18 degrees c. additional cold-stored trees were transferred to a greenhouse where they were grown in pots for 0, 7 or 28 days and then placed with thei ...	1988	14972837
effect of photon flux density on carbon assimilation and chlorophyll a fluorescence of cold-stored white spruce and lodgepole pine seedlings.	white spruce (picea glauca (moench.) voss) and lodgepole pine (pinus contorta dougl. var. latifolia engelm.) seedlings previously held in dark, frozen storage (-2 degrees c) for 2.5 or 6 months, and nursery-grown white spruce seedlings lifted in summer were exposed to photon flux densities (pfds) similar to those that might be encountered at planting. photosynthetic gas exchange and chlorophyll a (chl a) fluorescence were examined in cold-stored and summer-lifted seedlings before and after a 9 h ...	1993	14969928
the effect of reduced glutathione on morphology and gene expression of white spruce (picea glauca) somatic embryos.	inclusions of reduced glutathione (gsh) in the maturation medium increased the conversion frequency of white spruce somatic embryos without the need of a partial drying treatment (pdt). this beneficial effect was the result of major alterations in morphology and gene expression during the maturation period. compared with control embryos, gsh-treated embryos showed a differential accumulation of storage products, i.e. preferential deposition of starch, the reduced formation of protein bodies, and ...	2004	14966213
seasonal nutrient dynamics in white pine and white spruce in response to environmental manipulation.	seasonal retranslocation in white pine (pinus strobus l.) and white spruce (picea glauca (moench) voss) was examined in response to silvicultural treatments (scarification, annual fertilization application, and annual control of competing vegetation with herbicide) that changed both environmental conditions and the growth rate of the trees. four years after plantation establishment and initial treatment, nutrient accumulation in current-year needles of white pine and retranslocation from 1-year- ...	1995	14965969
pollen management for intensive seed orchard production.	artificially increasing pollen supply (supplemental mass pollination (smp)) to conifer seed orchards has the potential to increase seed yields and improve the genetic worth of seed crops that would otherwise suffer from the detrimental effects of pollen contamination and unbalanced paternal contribution. however, success rates, measured as the proportion of seed fertilized by smp, have been low. this review examines the concepts underlying smp and presents data for two smp field trials with doug ...	1995	14965935
seasonal photosynthetic responses to light and temperature in white spruce (picea glauca) seedlings planted under an aspen (populus tremuloides) canopy and in the open.	photosynthetic light and temperature response curves were measured seasonally in seedlings of white spruce (picea glauca (moench.) voss) grown for two years in the understory of aspen (populus tremuloides michx.) or in the open in central alberta. light-saturated rate of net photosynthesis, the optimum temperature for net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, photochemical efficiency, and stomatal and mesophyll conductances increased from spring to summer and declined thereafter, whereas dark resp ...	1997	14759835
freezing tolerance of conifer seeds and germinants.	survival after freezing was measured for seeds and germinants of four seedlots each of interior spruce (picea glauca x engelmannii complex), lodgepole pine (pinus contorta dougl. ex loud.), douglas-fir (pseudotsuga menziesii (mirb.) franco) and western red cedar (thuja plicata donn ex d. donn). effects of eight seed treatments on post-freezing survival of seeds and germinants were tested: dry, imbibed and stratified seed, and seed placed in a growth chamber for 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 or 30 days in a 1 ...	2003	14652223
reduction in turgid water volume in jack pine, white spruce and black spruce in response to drought and paclobutrazol.	significant reductions in needle water content were observed in white spruce (picea glauca (moench) voss), black spruce (picea mariana (mill) b.s.p.), and jack pine (pinus banksiana lamb.) seedlings in response to a 10-day drought, although turgor was apparently maintained. when the seedlings were re-watered after the drought, jack pine needles regained their original saturated volume, whereas white spruce and black spruce needles did not. significant drought-induced reductions in turgor-loss vo ...	2000	12651520
mycorrhizal and root endophytic fungi of containerized picea glauca seedlings assessed by rdna sequence analysis.	fungi colonizing fine roots of containerized picea glauca seedlings were assessed in four large conifer nurseries in northern alberta. pcr amplification of fungal rdna (internal transcribed spacer and a portion of the 5' end of the large subunit gene) from random samples of fine feeder roots gave between 1 and 4 amplicons per seedling. amplicons were either separated by electrophoresis and sequenced directly, or cloned and sequenced. the resulting sequences were compared to sequences obtained fr ...	2003	12545311
effects of exogenous gibberellin and auxin on shoot elongation and vegetative bud development in seedlings of pinus sylvestris and picea glauca.	the hormonal control of stem unit (foliar appendage and axillary structure, if present, plus subtending internode) number and length was investigated in shoots of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) and white spruce (picea glauca (moench) voss). seedlings were treated with six gibberellins (ga1, ga3, ga4, ga5, ga9 and ga20) and two auxins (indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and naphthaleneacetic acid (naa)) when either neoformed growth was occurring or the terminal vegetative bud was developing. hormones w ...	2003	12533302
the effects of polyethylene glycol on gene expression of developing white spruce somatic embryos.	somatic embryogenic cultures of white spruce (picea glauca) represent a valuable system to study molecular mechanisms regulating embryo development because many embryos of defined developmental stages can be generated. the inclusion of polyethylene glycol (peg) in the maturation medium can improve the number and quality of embryos produced. to learn more about the mechanism of action of peg, we analyzed transcript profiles of stage-specific embryos matured without (control) or with (peg treated) ...	2003	12529514
a desaturase-like protein from white spruce is a delta(9) desaturase.	gymnospermae seed lipids are characterized by a high degree of desaturation, most having a delta(9) double bond. by degenerate polymerase chain reaction (pcr) we have isolated a white spruce (picea glauca) cdna clone that encodes an amino acid sequence sharing a high degree of homology with other putative plant acyl-coenzyme a (coa) des9 desaturases. both in vivo and in vitro expression studies in a delta(9) desaturase-deficient yeast strain demonstrated the desaturation functionality of the whi ...	2002	12208502
effects of soil temperature on parameters of a coupled photosynthesis-stomatal conductance model.	to examine the effects of soil temperature on a coupled photosynthesis-stomatal conductance model, seedlings of trembling aspen (populus tremuloides michx.), jack pine (pinus banksiana lamb.), black spruce (picea mariana (mill.) b.s.p.) and white spruce (picea glauca (moench) voss) were exposed to soil temperatures ranging from 5 to 35 degrees c for 4 months. light and co(2) response curves of foliar gas exchange were measured for model parameterization. the effects of soil temperature on four k ...	2002	12184971
an improved procedure for production of white spruce (picea glauca) transgenic plants using agrobacterium tumefaciens.	an efficient and reproducible procedure for the transformation of white spruce (picea glauca [moench] voss) embryogenic tissues was developed using a. tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer. rapidly dividing white spruce embryogenic tissues were co-cultivated with disarmed a. tumefaciens strains containing additional copies of the virulence regions from plasmid ptok47. the plasmid pbi121, containing the neomycin phosphotransferase ii (nptii) gene providing kanamycin resistance as a selectable marker ...	2001	11604447
the effect of salinity on the emergence and seedling growth of picea mariana, picea glauca, and pinus banksiana.	mining operations in areas of the boreal forest have caused salinity issues to be a major concern for reclamation. one of the factors determining successful reclamation is the ability of species to self-propagate. the effects of salinity on the seedling emergence and early growth of three boreal forest conifers: picea mariana, picea glauca, and pinus banksiana were determined. seeds were planted in sand moistened with solutions of various concentrations of sodium chloride or sodium sulfate. seed ...	2001	11586777
constancy of nitrogen turnover kinetics in the plant cell: insights into the integration of subcellular n fluxes.	compartmental analysis with 13n was used to determine cytosolic nitrate (no3-) pools, and their turnover rates, in roots of intact barley (hordeum vulgare l. cv klondike) seedlings. influx, efflux, flux to the vacuole and assimilation, and flux to the xylem, varied as much as 300-fold over a wide range of external no3- conditions. by contrast, the kinetic constant kc describing cytosolic no3- turnover varied by less than 4% from a mean value of 0.0407 min(-1). accordingly, cytosolic no3- pools v ...	2001	11469581
photosynthesis and carbon allocation of six boreal tree species grown in understory and open conditions.	one-year-old seedlings of abies balsamea (l.) mill, picea glauca (moench) voss, pinus contorta loudon, betula papyrifera marsh., populus tremuloides michx. and populus balsamifera l. were transplanted in the spring, in pots, to the understory of a mixed p. tremuloides-p. balsamifera stand or to an adjacent open site. growth and leaf characteristics were measured and photosynthetic light response curves determined in mid-august. overall, the coniferous seedlings showed less photosynthetic plastic ...	2001	11276418
changes in volatile terpene and diterpene resin acid composition of resistant and susceptible white spruce leaders exposed to simulated white pine weevil damage.	induced (traumatic) resin in white spruce (picea glauca (moench) voss) leaders resistant or susceptible to the white pine weevil (pissodes strobi peck) was analyzed for volatile terpenes and diterpene resin acids after simulated white pine weevil damage. leaders from 331 trees were wounded just below the apical bud with a 1-mm diameter drill, coinciding with the natural time of weevil oviposition in the spring. leaders were removed in the fall, and the bark and xylem from the upper and lower reg ...	2000	11269960
tetranorditerpene lactones, potent antifungal antibiotics for human pathogenic yeasts, from a unique species of oidiodendron.	the culture filtrate of a fungus isolated from decaying picea glauca wood and tentatively identified as oidiodendron cf. truncatum showed strong antibiotic activity against the pathogenic yeast, candida albicans. four new tetranorditerpenoids, oidiodendrolides a (3), b (4), and c (5) and oidiodendronic acid (7) were isolated along with three known tetranorditerpenoids, ll-z1271 alpha (= pr1387) (1), pr1388 (2), and acrostalidic acid (6), from rice fermented by the above fungus. the structures of ...	1999	10605057
two highly divergent 5s rdna unit size classes occur in composite tandem array in european larch (larix decidua mill.) and japanese larch (larix kaempferi (lamb.) carr.).	the 5s ribosomal dna unit structure and organization have been investigated in larix decidua and larix kaempferi using selective amplification of gene and spacer, sequence analysis and homologous probe hybridization. two highly divergent unit size classes of approximately 650 and 870 bp were detected in both species. sequence analysis in larix decidua revealed that length variations occur in the middle spacer region and are the result of duplications (in the long spacers) and considerable sequen ...	1999	10584306
carrier herbal medicine: an evaluation of the antimicrobial and anticancer activity in some frequently used remedies.	the antimicrobial properties of some traditional carrier herbal preparations were evaluated using an agar dilution method. pitch preparations were screened against known human pathogens: escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, candida albicans and aspergillus fumigatus. the results indicated definite antimicrobial activity in the pitch preparations of picea glauca and pinus contorta and provide a starting point for pharmacognostic evaluation of these species. in addition ...	1996	8771456
carrier herbal medicine: traditional and contemporary plant use.	the carrier, an athapaskan-speaking people of northcentral british columbia, occupy the sub-boreal spruce forests of the central interior. this report, which is based on field study, documents some traditional and contemporary knowledge of the medicinal use of plants by the carrier people. important medicinal plants include: abies lasiocarpa, alnus incana, arctostaphylos uva-ursi, artemisia frigida, fragaria virginiana, juniperus communis, picea glauca, pinus contorta, populus tremuloides, rubus ...	1996	8735452
expression of inducible angiosperm promoters in a gymnosperm, picea glauca (white spruce).	electrical discharge particle acceleration was used to test the transient expression of numerous inducible angiosperm promoters in a gymnosperm picea glauca (white spruce). promoter expression was assayed in three different tissues capable of in vitro regeneration, zygotic embryos, seedlings and embryogenic callus. the promoters tested include the light-inducible arabidopsis and soybean ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate small subunit promoters and a maize phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase promoter; a soyb ...	2003	1868222
some phytotoxic effects of fenitrothion on the germination and early seedling growth of picea glauca (moench) voss and betula alleghaniensis britton.		1979	486750