Publications

expression of the carboxypeptidase t gene from thermoactinomyces vulgaris in stable protoplast type l-forms of proteus mirabilis.	the structural gene of the carboxypeptidase t (cpt) was successfully expressed in cell wall-less l-form cells of proteus mirabilis. the dna sequence encoding the phoa leader peptide was fused with a truncated cpt gene encoding the mature enzyme. the modified gene in a puc-based kanamycin resistance vector under the control of the lac promoter was transformed into l-form cells of p. mirabilis. they were able to produce the recombinant cpt both as a secretory and as a cell-bound insoluble form. th ...	1998	9503606
isolation and growth physiology of novel thermoactinomycetes.	a total of 34 thermophilic isolates identified as members of the genus thermoactinomyces by a range of chemotaxonomic, microscopic and determinative biochemical tests, were isolated from two acid soils. growth studies in shake flask and fermenter identified the isolates to be moderately acidophilic with growth occurring between ph 4.5 and 6.0 with optima at ph 5.0. the isolates differed considerably from known thermoactinomyces cultures in their ph profile, colony morphology and in several bioch ...	1997	9449806
effect of inhalation of organic dust-derived microbial agents on the pulmonary phagocytic oxidative metabolism of guinea pigs.	the effect of inhalation exposure of various biological agents associated with organic dusts on the function of guinea pigs pulmonary phagocytes was investigated. agents included antigens of erwinia herbicola, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, and aspergillus fumigatus; endotoxin of erwinia herbicola; bacterial protease; and a fungal glucan preparation. pulmonary parameters monitored in this study were cellular differential counts from bronchoalveolar lavage, and superoxide anion and/or hydrogen perox ...	1998	9447225
[indoor air studies of mould fungus contamination of homes of selected patients with bronchial asthma (with special regard to evaluation problems)].	investigations of indoor air of the homes of seven patients with asthma bronchiale who showed up with positive reactions following intracutaneous application of fungal allergens revealed that their places of residence were contaminated by fungal and bacterial spores. the number of colony forming units of mesophilic fungal spores of the indoor air ranged from 100 to 1000 cfu/m3 and this was much higher than the mould flora of the outdoor air determined simultaneously. the major fungi species foun ...	1996	9376049
construction of a new leucine dehydrogenase with preferred specificity for nadp+ by site-directed mutagenesis of the strictly nad+-specific enzyme.	on the basis of sequence comparison between nad+-dependent leucine dehydrogenase (leudh) from thermoactinomyces intermedius and nadp+-dependent dehydrogenases, a set of amino acid residues that are supposed to determine the coenzyme specificity of leudh were assigned. systematic replacement of these amino acids by others was done with the aim to switch its natural coenzyme specificity to a new one preferring nadp+. single d203a, double d203a-i204r and triple d203a-i204r-d210r mutation enzymes we ...	1997	9278282
[the influence of organic dust on the chemotaxis of lung cells. experimental studies].	mechanisms of chemotaxis of alveolar macrophages (ams) and neutrophils (pmns) in response to microbial products derived from organic dust were studied using blindwell chemotaxis chamber technique. seven different agents (extract and endotoxin of erwinia herbicola, extracts from thermoactinomyces vulgaris and aspergillus fumigatus, thermophilic protease and two preparations of glucans), were used for experiments. these agents were evaluated for their ability to direct attraction of ams and pmns a ...	1996	9190243
cloning, sequencing and overexpression of the leucine dehydrogenase gene from bacillus cereus.	the l-leucine dehydrogenase gene from bacillus cereus (dsm 626) was cloned from a partial genomic library and sequenced. the open reading frame has 1101 bp and codes for a protein of 39.9 kda. the deduced amino acid sequence of the leudh from b. cereus shares 70-80% identity with leudh's from the thermophilic strains b. stearothermophilus and thermoactinomyces intermedius. the active protein was overexpressed in escherichia coli to yield approximately 30% of the total soluble protein.	1997	9188201
purification and characterization of serine proteinase of the glu,asp-specific enzyme family from thermoactinomyces species.	enzyme catalyzing hydrolysis of a substrate of glu,asp-specific proteinases (z-glu-pna) and cleaving bond glu13-ala14 in the oxidized insulin b chain was purified to homogeneity from the culture medium of thermoactinomyces species using hydrophobic chromatography on phenyl-sepharose cl 4b as the key purification step. the molecular weight of the proteinase is 23 kd. the enzyme is completely inhibited by diisopropyl fluorophosphate and is stable at ph 5-11. the ph optimum for the hydrolysis of az ...	1997	9159871
cloning and expression of an intracellular alkaline protease gene from alkalophilic thermoactinomyces sp. hs682.	an intracellular alkaline serine protease gene of alkalophilic thermoactinomyces sp. hs682 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. sequence analysis showed a putative promoter region, a putative transcriptional termination signal, and an open reading frame of 963 bases, coding for a polypeptide of 321 amino acids. the protease expressed in e. coli was purified by deae-toyopearl 650m and sephadex g-75 chromatography. the n-terminal sequence (30 amino acids) of the purified protein was coinc ...	1997	9058969
hypersensitivity pneumonitis in workers exposed to esparto grass (stipa tenacissima) fibers.	esparto grass (stipa tenacissima), which is commonly found in the mediterranean countries, has a wide variety of uses. five stucco makers who had cough, dyspnea, malaise, and fever after exposure to esparto fiber used in their jobs showed a significant decrease in symptoms when they were away from work. precipitating antibodies against an esparto extract were found in the sera of all patients. specific igg antibodies against the esparto extract were also demonstrated in all patient sera, as were ...	1996	8939163
the medical and epidemiologic effects on workers of the levels of airborne thermoactinomyces spp. spores present in australian raw sugar mills.	the objectives of the study were to determine whether there was a significant risk of members of the work force of raw sugar mills developing bagassosis. airborne thermoactinomyces sacchari spores were measured to determine whether they were sufficient to cause acute bagassosis, and whether there was any evidence of previous exposure to sufficient airborne t. sacchari spores to cause the development of chronic bagassosis in any of the work force. monitoring of total airborne bacteria spore conce ...	1996	8931309
thermitase - kinetic differentiation to the subtilisins.	in the last 12 years more than 80 peptidyl substrates and substrate analogous inhibitors were synthesized in our group and used to characterize thermitase, a serine proteinase of the subtilisin family produced by thermoactinomyces vulgaris. the kinetic parameters of hydrolysis and inhibition reactions, respectively, with thermitase were determined and compared with those found with related enzymes. conclusions with respect to the extent of the active site of thermitase and to the specificity of ...	1996	8796317
chemotaxis of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils in response to microbial products derived from organic dust.	mechanisms of chemotaxis of alveolar macrophages (ams) and neutrophils (pmns) in response to microbial products derived from organic dust were studied using the blindwell chemotaxis chamber technique. seven different known etiological agents causing respiratory symptoms were used for experiments: cell extract and endotoxin from pantoea agglomerans (synonyms: erwinia herbicola, enterobacter agglomerans), cell extracts from thermoactinomyces vulgaris and aspergillus fumigatus, protease from bacill ...	1995	8705013
purification and characterization of a thermostable alkaline protease from thermoactinomyces sp. e79 and the dna sequence of the encoding gene.	a thermophilic thermoactinomyces sp. e79 producing a highly thermostable alkaline protease was isolated from soil. the protease, produced extracellularly by thermoactinomyces sp. e79, was purified by deae-sepharose cl-6b and butyl-toyopearl 650m column chromatography. the relative molecular mass was estimated to be 31,000 by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. enzyme activity was inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, suggesting the enzyme to be a serine protease. the optimum temperatur ...	1996	8704314
microflora and acarofauna of bed dust from homes in upper silesia, poland.	pyroglyphid mites are considered a major cause of house dust allergy. the occurrence and possible pathogenic role of other biologic components of house dust, in particular bacteria, has received less attention.	1996	8564627
the effect of cations on the thermophilic character of alkaline phosphatase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	the effect of cations on the thermophilic character of alkaline phosphatase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, is described. the optimal ph and temperature were 9.5 and 55 degrees c to 65 degrees c, respectively. the partial removal of cations with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid converted the enzyme to mesophilic and susceptible to chemical denaturation. their complete removal caused complete inhibition. the addition of 0.3mm cobalt and 10mm magnesium added before heating were found to be optim ...	1993	8490579
two bacteria causing farmer's lung: fine structure of thermoactinomyces vulgaris and saccharopolyspora rectivirgula.	the fine structure of thermoactinomyces vulgaris and saccharopolyspora rectivirgula is described by transmission electron microscopy. these two bacteria are the most common microbes causing farmer's lung. the fine structure of hyphae, germination of endospores and the details of conidial wall layers of t. vulgaris, as well as the fine structure of septate hypha and globose, polygonal conidia of s. rectivirgula are described. the conidial wall of t. vulgaris consisted of an inner multilayered spo ...	1993	8474530
site-directed mutagenesis of a hexapeptide segment involved in substrate recognition of phenylalanine dehydrogenase from thermoactinomyces intermedius.	phenylalanine dehydrogenase from thermoactinomyces intermedius and leucine dehydrogenase from bacillus stearothermophilus show a 59% sequence similarity in their substrate-binding domains, although their substrate specificities are different. we prepared a phenylalanine dehydrogenase mutant enzyme whose inherent hexapeptide segment (124f-v-h-a-a-129r) in the substrate-binding domain was replaced by the corresponding part of leucine dehydrogenase (m-d-i-i-y-q) in order to investigate the mechanis ...	1993	8407879
evaluation of intradermal mould antigen testing in the diagnosis of equine chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.	intradermal end-point titres for commercial aqueous extracts of micropolyspora faeni, thermoactinomyces vulgaris and aspergillus fumigatus were determined in control and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) affected horses. the intradermal end-point titres of control and copd-affected horses were not significantly different and values for individual horses for m. faeni, a. fumigatus and t. vulgaris were not correlated with the pulmonary dysfunction or with the bronchoalveolar lavage flui ...	1993	8354210
responses of horses affected with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to inhalation challenges with mould antigens.	eight control and 8 asymptomatic copd-affected horses were given, on separate occasions, inhalation challenges with extracts of micropolyspora faeni, aspergillus fumigatus and thermoactinomyces vulgaris. all horses were also given nebulised phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) challenges and 'natural challenges' (ncs), i.e. exposure to hay and straw, as control challenges. responses were assessed by clinical, pulmonary mechanics, arterial blood gas tensions, arterial blood ph and bronchoalveolar lava ...	1993	8354208
mushroom worker's lung: serologic reactions to thermophilic actinomycetes present in the air of compost tunnels.	vast numbers of spores of the thermophilic actinomycetes excellospora flexuosa, thermomonospora alba, t. curvata and t. fusca were collected from the air in fermentation tunnels during the spawning of mushroom compost, i.e. over 10(9) cfu m-3 of air. five different genera of fungi, namely, aspergillus, aureobasidium, cladosporium, penicillium and scytalidium, were found at only 10(3) cfu m-3 of air. agaricus bisporus, used for spawning, was absent. sera of 10 mushroom growers affected by mushroo ...	1993	8326995
[thermoactinomyces vulgaris as a cause of extrinsic allergic alveolitis].	thermoactinomycetes are microorganisms similar to the aerobic actinomycetes that grow at temperatures between 32 65 degrees c and are usually found in soil, hay and warm environment. they are the agent of extrinsic allergy alveolitis producing an interstitial process of immunologic, generated by the inhalation of the environmental dust that contain spores from these fungi. there is one case of a middle age man who works in a boiler of a foundry company of province de buenos aires in argentina. t ...	1993	8160571
regulation of carboxypeptidase e. effect of ca2+ on enzyme activity and stability.	carboxypeptidase e (cpe), an enzyme that functions in the post-translational processing of bioactive peptides, is a member of the metallocarboxypeptidase gene family. a 12-residue region of cpe has 70% amino acid identity with the bacterial enzyme carboxypeptidase t (cpt); in cpt, this region has been identified previously as the ca(2+)-binding region (teplyakov, a., polyakov, k., obmolova, g., strokopytov, b., kuranova, i., osterman, a., grishin, n., smulevitch, s., zagnitko, o., galperina, o., ...	1994	8157647
physiology of some actinomycete genera.	actinomycetes are widespread in the environment and are mainly organotrophic. studies of their ecology have been primarily focussed on their detection and isolation, with comparatively little attention to the control mechanisms that determine their occurrence and behaviour in their natural environments. this session provided some diverse examples of approaches to this problem. several actinomycete genera produce motile spores. the significance of flagella proteins and factors influencing spore m ...	1993	8140284
a convenient enzymatic synthesis of 4(2)-alpha-isomaltosylisomaltose using thermoactinomyces vulgaris r-47 alpha-amylase ii (tva ii).		1994	8087809
occurrence of thermophilic actinomycetes in natural substrates in nigeria.	thermophilic actinomycetes were isolated from 163 (48.95%) of 333 samples of vegetable substrates and soil from different sites in anambra and enugu states in nigeria. thermoactinomyces (tha.) vulgaris was the most common, occurring in 32.4% of samples while tha. thalpophilus was isolated from 20.1%. tha. sacchari, saccharomonospora (sam.) viridis and saccharopolyspora (sap.) rectivirgula were isolated from 3-10.5% of the samples examined. streptomyces (stm.) thermovulgaris occurred in 2.7% and ...	1994	8060118
the purification, characterization, cloning and sequencing of the gene for a halostable and thermostable leucine dehydrogenase from thermoactinomyces intermedius.	leucine dehydrogenase has been purified to homogeneity from a moderate thermophilic actinomycete, thermoactinomyces intermedius ifo 14230. the enzyme can be stored without loss of its activity at a low temperature (e.g., 4 degrees c) for over two years. the enzyme was more thermostable at higher concentrations of salts such as nacl and kcl. it retained about 90% of activity on incubation at 70 degrees c for at least 40 min in the presence of 3 m nacl. the michaelis constants for nad, l-leucine, ...	1994	8020469
cloning and sequencing of a serine proteinase gene from a thermophilic bacillus species and its expression in escherichia coli.	the gene for a serine proteinase from a thermophilic bacillus species was identified by pcr amplification, and the complete gene was cloned after identification and isolation of suitably sized restriction fragments from southern blots by using the pcr product as a probe. two additional, distinct pcr products, which were shown to have been derived from other serine proteinase genes present in the thermophilic bacillus species, were also obtained. sequence analysis showed an open reading frame of ...	1994	7993087
the gene amye(tv1) codes for a nonglucogenic alpha-amylase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris 94-2a in bacillus subtilis.	we isolated the gene amye(tv1) from thermoactinomyces vulgaris 94-2a encoding a nonglucogenic alpha-amylase (amytv1). a chromosomal dna fragment of 2,247 bp contained an open reading frame of 483 codons, which was expressed in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis. the deduced amino acid sequence of the amytv1 protein was confirmed by sequencing of several peptides derived from the enzyme isolated from a t. vulgaris 94-2a culture. the amino acid sequence was aligned with several known alpha-amy ...	1994	7944369
phylogenetic diversity in the genus bacillus and comparative ribosomal protein at-l30 analyses of the genus thermoactinomyces and relatives.	the ribosomal l30 proteins from strains of 27 species belonging to the genera bacillus, escherichia, staphylococcus, lactobacillus, leuconostoc and thermoactinomyces were analysed, together with at-l30 proteins from selected actinomycetes. the results of partial amino acid sequencing of l30 preparations revealed that the members of the genera escherichia, staphylococcus and thermoactinomyces were homogeneous within each genus. in contrast, phylogenetic diversity existed in the genus bacillus, wh ...	1994	7921265
construction and characterization of chimeric enzyme consisting of an amino-terminal domain of phenylalanine dehydrogenase and a carboxy-terminal domain of leucine dehydrogenase.	phenylalanine dehydrogenase of thermoactinomyces intermedius acts preferentially on l-phenylalanine and l-tyrosine, whereas leucine dehydrogenase of bacillus stearothermophilus acts almost exclusively on l-leucine and some other branched-chain l-amino acids. the two enzymes share a sequence similarity (47%). aiming at elucidation of the mechanism of substrate recognition by the two amino acid dehydrogenases, we have genetically constructed a chimeric enzyme consisting of an n-terminal domain of ...	1994	7883771
alpha-amylases from thermoactinomyces vulgaris: characteristics, primary structure and structure prediction.	two amylolytic active protein fractions (named alpha-amylase 1 and alpha-amylase 2) were isolated from the bacterium thermoactinomyces vulgaris strain 94-2a. alpha-amylase 1 had a molecular mass of 51.6 kda, whereas alpha-amylase 2 consists of two fragments which have molecular masses of 17.0 and 34.6 kda, respectively. these two fragments are products from a proteolytic cleavage of alpha-amylase 1 at amino acid position 303 (tryptophan) by a serine protease (thermitase) which is also produced b ...	1994	7822101
dairy farmers have increased methacholine bronchial responsiveness independent of sensitization to mold antigens.	patients with farmer's lung disease (fld) and dairy farmers have nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness. to examine the factors determining bronchial hyperresponsiveness among dairy farmers, we studied airway functions, airway responses to inhaled methacholine, serum total ige levels, and antigen-specific ige levels in 37 dairy farmers and 11 local control subjects. the 37 dairy farmers consisted of three groups; 12 farmers with episodes of fld (fld group), 13 farmers with serum antibody to m ...	1995	7767522
purification and properties of the highly thermostable alkaline protease from an alkaliphilic and thermophilic bacillus sp.	thermostable alkaline protease from an alkaliphilic thermophile bacillus sp. b18' was purified by using deae- and cm-toyopearl 650m column chromatographies. molecular weights of the enzyme determined by sds-page and gel filtration were 30,000 and 28,000, respectively. the optimum ph and temperature toward the hydrolysis of casein were ph 12-13 and 85 degrees c, both of which are higher than those of a mesophilic alkaline protease from an alkaliphile, bacillus sp. b21-2. the enzyme was stable at ...	1993	7764036
a neopullulanase-type alpha-amylase gene from thermoactinomyces vulgaris r-47.	shimizu et al. and ourselves have reported some enzymatic properties of an alpha-amylase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris r-47 that hydrolyzed pullulan to produce panose [m. shimizu et al., agric. biol. chem., 42, 1681-1688 (1978); y. sakano et al., agric. biol. chem., 46, 1121-1129 (1982)]. in this study, we cloned a gene for an alpha-amylase, which was different from the one mentioned above but also hydrolyzed pullulan to produce panose, from t. vulgaris r-47, and analyzed the entire primary st ...	1993	7763540
identification of active site lysyl residues of phenylalanine dehydrogenase by chemical modification with methyl acetyl phosphate combined with site-directed mutagenesis.	a monoanionic acetylation reagent, methyl acetyl phosphate, was used to acetylate lysyl residues of the recombinant thermostable phenylalanine dehydrogenase from thermoactinomyces intermedius. the enzyme was irreversibly inactivated with the reagent in a time- and dose-dependent manner. simultaneous addition of substrate and coenzyme markedly protected the enzyme from inactivation. acetylated lysyl residues presumably occurring at the active site were determined by differential modification; the ...	1994	7706231
establishment of oil-degrading bacteria associated with cyanobacteria in oil-polluted soil.	a unique natural microbial cocktail with promising potential for remediating oil-polluted desert in the gulf region is reported. oil-degrading micro-organisms immobilized within dense cyanobacterial mats on oily coasts of the arabian gulf were successfully established in oil-contaminated sand. those micro-organisms biodegraded 50% of the oil within 10-20 weeks. nocardioforms belonging to the genus rhodococcus predominated in the first few weeks, but after 22 weeks pseudomonas spp. increased, sha ...	1995	7698954
suprageneric classification of thermoactinomyces vulgaris by nucleotide sequencing of 5s ribosomal rna.	the 5s rrna nucleotide sequence of thermoactinomyces vulgaris was determined and compared with published sequences of representative gram-positive bacteria. the primary and secondary structure of the sequence is of the type characteristic of gram-positive bacteria that have dna with a low proportion of guanine plus cytosine. it was evident from the phylogenetic trees that t. vulgaris has little in common with actinomycetes but is related to the genus bacillus, showing a moderately high relations ...	1993	7688999
carboxypeptidase t.		1995	7674954
chemotaxis of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils in response to microbial products derived from organic dust.	the inhalation of organic dust has been implicated to cause a large number of occupational lung diseases. a common event in these diseases is an inflammatory reaction affecting airway and alveolar tissue that is characterized by the recruitment of different types of inflammatory cells. mechanisms of chemotaxis of alveolar macrophages (ams) and neutrophils (pmns) in response to microbial products derived from organic dust were studied. seven agents known to be etiological agents causing respirato ...	1995	7588495
comparison of primary structures and substrate specificities of two pullulan-hydrolyzing alpha-amylases, tva i and tva ii, from thermoactinomyces vulgaris r-47.	thermoactinomyces vulgaris r-47 produces two alpha-amylases, tva i, an extracellular enzyme, and tva ii, an intracellular enzyme. both enzymes hydrolyze pullulan to produce panose, and also hydrolyze cyclodextrins. we cloned and sequenced the tva i gene. the tva i gene consisted of 1833 base pairs, and the deduced primary structure was composed of 611 amino-acid residues, including an n-terminal signal sequence consisting of 29 amino-acid residues. the similarity between the amino-acid sequence ...	1995	7548164
[studies on the variability of a strain of thermoactinomyces vulgaris, tsilinsky, 1899, which splits into sectors].	studies on the variability of the characteristics of air mycelium and physiological and biochemical properties of the colonies issued from a strain of thermoactinomyces vulgaris. this strain had air mycelium split into sectors. it has been observed that among the above-mentioned colonies the splitting of air mycelium into sectors of varied growth intensifies. the issued colonies grown from the spores from the sector of a feeble growth of the air mycelium are characterized by a considerable varia ...	1980	7424232
the effect of thermophilic actinomycetes isolated from compost and animal manure on some strains of salmonella and shigella.	several samples of compost and animal manure were taken from different localities. eleven isolates of thermophilic actinomycetes were obtained. the morphological, cultural, and physiological properties as well as temperature relation of these isolates were carried out in some detail in order to classify and identify them. the 11 isolates were identified as follows: thermoactinomyces vulgaris (2 strains), streptomyces thermofuscus (5 strains) and thermoactinomyces sacchari (3 strains). the antiba ...	1980	7376752
transfection in thermoactinomyces vulgaris.		1980	7376689
respiratory symptoms and lung function in a sample of vermont dairymen and industrial workers.	this study reviews the respiratory status of a sample of vermont male dairy farmers, and a comparison group from industry, matched for age, sex and smoking. survey instruments included a standardized questionnaire and simple pulmonary function tests. in general, past and present smokers had more respiratory symptoms than never-smokers; and farmers, in all smoking categories, reported symptoms with greater frequency than did their counterparts from industry. forced vital capacity (fvc) tended to ...	1980	7356085
[effects of oils and fatty acids on growth and enzyme development of thermoactinomyces vulgaris. ii. methods for determination of growth in submerged culture in the presence of oil].		1981	7336770
circulating immune complexes in patients with usual interstitial pulmonary fibrosis: partial characterization and relationship with thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	sixty-six sera were analysed by solid-phase conglutinin binding assay, to detect the levels of circulating immune complexes (cic), and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to show a correlation with antibodies to thermoactinomyces vulgaris. sixty per cent of patients with usual interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (uip), were positive for cic; and t. vulgaris antibodies were detected in 60% of the same patients. in comparison, there was a low frequency of positive results in bronchitis patien ...	1981	7319561
respiratory disorders in manitoba cattle farmers.	a group of 76 cattle farmers from southern manitoba answered the national heart, lung, and blood institute questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and supplementary questions on farming and farming-related syndromes. lung function was tested, serum was examined for precipitating antibodies, and skin testing with common allergens was performed. analysis of the men's answers revealed a high prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms among the farmers in all categories of smoking history, and the pre ...	1981	7260808
the microbiology of spent mushroom compost and its dust.	microorganisms in spent steamed mushroom compost and its dust were enumerated, and identified. some phase ii (indoor composting) compost samples were also examined. steaming of spent compost resulted in a 70-76% reduction in microbial numbers. total counts made with compost fusion agar were approximately two logs greater than those for nutrient agar. the most common bacterial isolate was bacillus licheniformis. the most common actinomycete isolates were streptomyces diastaticus and thermoactinom ...	1981	7197578
microbial aerosols and actinomycetes in etiological considerations of mushroom workers' lungs.	spent steamed compost, phase ii compost, and dust emanating from spent compost during dumping of stationary-bed mushroom houses were examined bacteriologically. the total count for spent compost was 16 x 10(8) microorganisms per g. the total count for dust was 333 microorganisms per liter of air. actinomycetes belonging to the genus streptomyces often constituted 90% or more of isolates from dust, whereas mold spores constituted approximately 5%. dust weight averaged 3.4 mg/liter of air and cont ...	1981	7195685
alteration of interaction with virulent bacteriophage ta1 during differentiation of thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	during its life cycle thermoactinomyces vulgaris 1227 and 1261 substrate mycelium showed three modes of interaction with the virulent phage ta1, each expressed at a distinct morphological stage. primary mycelium arising from spores 50 min after start of germination was the only stage which propagated phages upon infection. however, infection of growing secondary mycelium or of late sporulation stages resulted in a loss of phage. the lack of phage production upon infection of growing secondary my ...	1982	7164476
hypersensitivity pneumonitis: occupational exposure to sitophilus granarius and thermoactinomyces vulgaris.		1982	7162213
numerical classification of sporoactinomycetes containing meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall.	one hundred and thirty actinomycetes representing 19 genera and 50 species were compared in a numerical phenetic survey using 108 unit characters. data were examined using the simple matching (ssm), jaccard (sj) and pattern (dp) coefficients and clustering was achieved using both the single and unweighted pair group average algorithms. cluster composition was barely affected by the statistics used or by test error, estimated at 2.1%. over 80% of the strains were assigned to 2 clusters containing ...	1982	7077300
[thermitase, a thermostable serine protease of thermoactinomyces vulgaris: interaction of the active center and the sh-group of the enzyme].	modification of the serine and histidine residue in the active centre of thermitase with diisopropylfluorophosphate (dfp) or l-1-tosylamide-2-phenylethyl chloromethylketon (tpck), and of the only sh-group of the enzyme, with hg-compounds causes an activity loss against hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenylacetate. while the modification of cysteine prevents reaction of serine and histidine in the active centre of the enzyme with dfp and tpck, respectively, the hg2+- and cf3hg+-binding to the sh-group afte ...	1982	7051707
properties of thermitase, a thermostable serine protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	some structural and catalytic properties of the extracellular serine protease thermitase, purified by chromatography on porous glass, are reported. the crystal data and the high elastinolytic action point to possible relationship of thermitase with pancreatic elastase. subsite-mapping studies clearly indicate, however, that thermitase contains an extended binding region and is closely related to the subtilisin group. the enzyme shows maximal stability between ph 6.0 and 7.5 and maximal activity ...	1982	7051706
[microbial sources of antigens in the environment of farmer's lung patients (author's transl)].	the actinomycetes micropolyspora faeni and thermoactinomyces vulgaris are important sources of antigens in extrinsic allergic alveolitis, the deuteromycete aspergillus fumigatus is it to a lesser extent. these microorganisms have been sought in hay samples obtained from farmers who on the one hand show farmer's lung symptoms and on the other antibodies to these microorganisms. a relatively good correlation has been found between the immunological and microbiological findings. the conditions nece ...	1982	7043907
a new subfamily of microbial serine proteinase? structural similarities of bacillus thuringiensis and thermoactinomyces vulgaris extracellular serine proteinases.		1981	7028036
influence of calcium binding on the thermal stability of 'thermitase', a serine protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	'thermitase' (ec 3.4.21.14), a thermostable extracellular serine protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, binds one calcium ion with a dissociation constant of about 10-4m at 25 degrees c and ph 7.5 to 3.5. in addition, two calcium ions are bound more tightly to the enzyme, as shown by experiments with a calcium-selective electrode. the single most weakly bound calcium ion causes a slight quenching of the protein fluorescence emission, accompanied by a stabilization against thermal denaturation ...	1981	7023547
[a serine proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, strain inmi-4a].	a serine proteinase was isolated from the cultural filtrate of the thermophylic actinomycet thermoactinomycet vulgaris, strain inmi-4a. the purification procedure included affinity chromatography on bacitracin-sepharose, ion-exchange separation on aminosilochrome, and gel-filtration on sephadex g-25, resulting in a 194-fold purification and the 55% yield of the enzyme. the molecular weight of the enzyme as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of na-sds as well as by g ...	1980	7016198
characterization of synthetic medium antigens of micropolyspora faeni and thermoactinomyces candidus.	a synthetic (syn) medium was developed for growth of micropolyspora faeni and thermoactinomyces candidus, and optimum conditions for culture filtrate antigen production were found to be 3 days for t. candidus and 9 to 12 days for m. faeni. appearance of proteolytic activity in the culture fluid supernatant coincided with a decrease in precipitating antigen content, protein content, and number of proteins on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page), probably as a result of proteolysis. the resul ...	1981	7014692
the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in the diagnosis of farmer's lung.	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was adapted to measure antibodies against aspergillus fumigatus, thermoactinomyces vulgaris and micropolyspora faeni. mycelial and culture fluid antigens were used separately to analyze antibodies in three study groups: farmer's lung patients, patients with bronchitis and healthy control persons. the mycelial antigen of a. fumigatus gave more positive results than the corresponding culture fluid antigen. the situation was reversed for the actinomycetes. ...	1980	7008641
thermitase, a thermostable serine protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris. classification as a subtilisin-type protease.	studies on the amino acid composition, chemical modifications, and characterization of the cyanogen bromide cleavage peptides of a thermostable serine protase (thermitase) from thermoactinomyces vulgaris were performed. the amino acid analysis shows that the enzyme contains a single cysteine and methionine residue. from the amino acid composition as well as a partial sequence determination around the single methionine residue it is concluded that thermitase belongs to the subtilisin-type proteas ...	1980	7002820
extrinsic allergic alveolitis in a sawmill worker. a case report.	extrinsic allergic alveolitis, with acute attacks of the disease, developed in a sawmill worker. the diagnosis was based on the history of exposure to moldy wood, on the symptoms and clinical signs, and on physiological and radiographic findings. a microbiological analysis of the ambient air of the patient's work environment showed that the air contained a considerable number of spores, both of fungi and actinomycetes. the most common fungal genus was aspergillus. thermoactinomyces vulgaris pred ...	1980	7001618
[effect of storage of the thermotolerant actinomycete thermoactinomyces vulgaris on its enzymic activity].	various methods of storage (as soil cultures, in peptonecorn agar, and in the freeze-dried state) of the thermotolerant actinomycete thermoactinomyces vulgaris ra ii-4a, protease producer, were studied. the best method providing a high level of proteolytic activity was shown to be freeze-drying and subsequent selection of the most active variants. the optimal temperature for the storage of the freeze-dried culture was 4 degrees c. during a prolonged (12 months) storage of the actinomycete under ...	1980	7001434
peripheral and alveolar response in guinea pigs to an aerosol exposure of thermoactinomyces candidus spores.		1980	6997733
[a new selection method for obtaining mutants of streptomyces glaucoachromogenes producing lambdamycin using the thermophilic phage-host system tal/thermoactinomyces vulgaris].	in order to obtain high-producing mutants of the lambdamycin producer streptomyces glaucoachromogenes imet 31 118, a new selection technique using the thermophilic phage-host system tal/thermoactinomyces vulgaris, was developed. lambdamycin is a yellow-green pigment antibiotic of the chromoglycoside type with antimicrobial, antiviral, cancerostatic, and ergotropic activity in vitro and in vivo. the physicochemical properties of lambdamycin resemble those of chartreusin. by means of the selection ...	1980	6990639
prevalence of precipitins in groups at risk of developing hypersensitivity pneumonitis.	a study was made of the prevalence of serum precipitins to micropolyspora faeni, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, aspergillus fumigatus, and pigeon serum in population groups suspected to be at high risk for the development of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. pigeon breeders' sera contained precipitins mainly to pigeon serum (38%) and a. fumigatus (18%). occupants of homes in which forced air heating systems were investigated for the presence of microorganisms reacted mostly with m. faeni (13%) and a. f ...	1980	6988108
antigen release from thermoactinomyces vulgaris by lysozyme treatment.	lysozyme treatment was used to release antigenic material from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, one of the microbes associated with farmer's lung. lysozyme caused degradation of the murein layer visualized as changes and disappearance of the bacterial morphology in scanning electron microscopy. enrichment of different antigenic components in the lysozyme extract and in the cell residue, respectively, was detected by immunoprecipitation. when lysozyme extract and cell residue antigens were used in enz ...	1983	6840869
[immunologic comparison of intracellular and extracellular serine proteases from bacillus amyloliquefaciens and some other proteases].	antibodies against intracellular serine protease and extracellular subtilisin bpn' were raised in rabbits. using these antibodies and antisera against subtilisin carlsberg and thermitase (serine protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris), it was shown that the proteases of the subtilisin family possess a pronounced immunological variability. immunological studies demonstrated that the vegetative and sporulating b. amyloliquefaciens cells contain no long-lived protein precursor of intracellular se ...	1981	6791708
comparison of methods for isolation and enumeration of thermophilic actinomycetes from dust.	thermophilic actinomycetes are the primary sensitizing agents in farmer's lung disease. we compared dilution pour-plate and spread-plate methods for their usefulness in enumerating thermophilic actinomycetes in moldy silage dust and evaluated the ability of a nonquantitative gravity settling technique to recover thermophilic actinomycetes from moldy silage. spread plates and pour plates yielded similar estimates of total thermophiles. higher counts were observed on spread plates (p less than 0.0 ...	1982	6761363
immunology of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.	hypersensitivity pneumonitis (extrinsic allergic alveolitis) represents a spectrum of granulomatous, interstitial, and alveolar-filling lung disorders of which farmer's lung is a classic example. a major source of offending antigens in these diseases are thermophilic actinomycetes growing in moldy vegetable matter especially micropolyspora faeni, and members of the thermoactinomyces genus. acutely, hypersensitivity pneumonitis presents as cough, dyspnea and fever, with crepitant rales, leucocyto ...	1982	6761066
investigations on the substrate specificity of thermitase, a thermostable serine-protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	the kinetic parameters km and kcat and the proteolytic coefficients kcat/km for the hydrolysis of eighteen z(benzyloxycarbonyl)-dipeptide methyl esters with variation of the residues in p1 and p2 position catalyzed by thermitase at ph 8 and 55 degrees c are reported. the results indicate that an integral part of both subsites, s1 and s2, are hydrophobic areas and that a mutual interaction between the side chains of p1 and p2 for optimal hydrolyisis does exist. furthermore, the importance of the ...	1982	6753429
amino acid sequence of the small cyanogen bromide peptide of thermitase, a thermostable serine proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris. relation to the subtilisins.	the following amino acid sequence of the small cyanogen bromide peptide (mol. wt. 5399) of thermitase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris has been determined: ala-thr-pro-his-val-ala-gly-val-ala-gly-leu-leu-ala-ser-gln-gly-arg-ser-ala-ser -asn-ile-arg-ala-ala-ile-glu-asn-thr-ala-asp-lys-ile-ser-gly-thr-gly-thr-tyr-trp-ala-lys-gly-arg-val-asn-ala-tyr-lys-ala-val-gln-tyr. the results obtained support the classification of the enzyme as a serine proteinase of the subtilisin type as proposed in a previo ...	1982	6749726
separation and comparative characterization of the cationic protease and anionic protease from the culture medium of thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	the anionic protease component which frequently contaminates preparations of routinely isolated cationic protease (thermitase) from thermoactinomyces vulgaris was purified, virtually to homogeneity, by rechromatography on controlled pore glass (cpg-10). starting materials were column eluates with anionic protease, contaminated with residual thermitase activity. the purified anionic enzyme shares several properties with thermitase, such as size, sensitivity against phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride ...	1982	6749637
[absorption of enzymatic protein hydrolysates and equimolar amino acid mixtures in the perfused small intestine of the rat].	casein, wheat gluten or field-bean protein isolate (vicia faba) was hydrolyzed enzymatically by trypsin or thermitase (proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris). the degree of splitting of the protein peptide bounds was, resp., 18% or 30% for casein, 8% or 30% for wheat gluten and 16% or 29% for the field-bean protein isolate. the peptide pattern of the protein hydrolysates was measured by gel chromatography. the absorption of the enzymatic protein hydrolysates was compared with the absorption ...	1984	6721874
experimental allergic alveolitis in mice induced by thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	a model of allergic alveolitis was developed in inbred mice. antigen suspension prepared from thermoactinomyces vulgaris was applicated intranasally in c3h/he mice. lung histology, serum igg and iga antibodies and serum lysozyme were followed during the course of sensitization. the lung histology showed an increased number of intra-alveolar macrophages and leucocytes in sensitized mice. interstitial peribronchiolar and perivascular infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells and a few granulo ...	1984	6702460
malate dehydrogenases from actinomycetes: structural comparison of thermoactinomyces enzyme with other actinomycete and bacillus enzymes.	malate dehydrogenases from bacteria belonging to the genus thermoactinomyces are tetrameric, like those from bacillus spp., and exhibit a high degree of structural homology to bacillus malate dehydrogenase as judged by immunological cross-reactivity. malate dehydrogenases from other actinomycetes are dimers and do not cross-react with antibodies to bacillus malate dehydrogenase.	1984	6693355
pulmonary fibrosis, with sarcoid granulomas and angiitis, associated with handling of mouldy lichen.	we report a case of extrinsic allergic bronchiolo-alveolitis associated with handling of mouldy lichen. the patient had periodic dyspnoea, cough and mucoid sputum, and a micronodular infiltration of both lungs with slight restrictive ventilatory insufficiency. an open lung biopsy showed interstitial inflammation and fibrosis with sarcoid granulomas and angiitis. the symptoms disappeared during long term corticosteroid therapy, but reappeared every year when the patient participated in the handli ...	1983	6653692
l-asparaginase activity in cell-free extracts of thermoactinomyces vulgaris 13 m.e.s.	crude extracts of thermoactinomyces vulgaris 13 m.e.s. were prepared by different procedures and their l-asparaginase activity was compared. the optimum conditions for the enzyme activity in the crude extract was exerted at ph 8.8, using borate or tris-hcl buffer, or at ph 7.4, using phosphate buffer, after a reaction time of 30 minutes at 50-55 degrees c, using 1.35-5.4 mg protein of the crude extract. the enzyme showed an apparent km value of 4.5 x 10(-3), was more thermostable in crude extrac ...	1983	6649956
[carboxypeptidase t--intracellular carboxypeptidase of thermoactinomycetes--a distant analog of animal carboxypeptidase].	carboxypeptidase t, an extracellular carboxypeptidase from thermoactinomyces sp. was isolated and purified by affinity chromatography on bacitracin adsorbents. the enzyme homogeneity was established by sds electrophoresis (mr = 38 000) and isoelectrofocusing in paag (pi 5.3). carboxypeptidase t reveals a mixed specificity in comparison with pancreatic carboxypeptidases a and b and cleaves with nearly the same efficiency the peptide bonds formed by the c-terminal residues of basic and neutral hyd ...	1984	6424730
"haysickness" in icelandic horses: precipitin tests and other studies.	blood samples were taken from 18 healthy horses (group a), 15 horses clinically diagnosed to have "haysickness" ("farmer's lung") (group b), 10 closely related horses (group c) and 14 inbred horses (group d). precipitins in sera were measured by double gel diffusion test against micropolyspora faeni, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, aspergillus fumigatus, alternaria, penicillium and rhizopus species. in group a, all the horses were precipitin negative except one with a faint reaction to rhizopus spec ...	1983	6411460
autolysis of thermoactinomyces vulgaris spores lacking carbon dioxide during germination.	ultrathin sections of early germinating endospores of thermoactinomyces vulgaris were studied by electron microscope. only spores aerated with an air-co2 mixture (5% co2) grow out, while spores aerated with air (0.03% co2) lyse by the 25th min of inoculation. the lysis is due to progressive, unlimited degradation of the spore integuments and a lack of cell wall formation around the spore protoplast. the requirement of co2 for outgrowth could not be replaced by oxaloacetate. co2 seems to be neede ...	1983	6408811
airborne molds and actinomycetes in the work environment of farmer's lung patients in finland.	occurrence of molds and actinomycetes in the breathing zone of farmers during the handling of hay, straw, or grain was studied with the use of an andersen sampler on 35 farms in finland. on 24 farms there was a person with recently diagnosed farmer's lung disease, and on 11 farms people were free of the disease. the total spore concentration and the concentrations of the spores of thermoactinomyces (t) vulgaris, micropolyspora (m) faeni, and aspergillus (a) umbrosus were statistically significan ...	1984	6382592
rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of igg antibodies against micropolyspora faeni and thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	a rapid elisa was developed for the detection of specific igg against micropolyspora faeni and thermoactinomyces vulgaris and compared with counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie) in twenty-seven patients with suspected farmer's lung disease (fld). seventeen patients had precipitins to m. faeni or t. vulgaris or both, and ten had no precipitins. the optimum conditions for each step in the elisa were determined: pre-equilibration of reagents at 37 c and vigorous agitation during incubation enabled the ...	1984	6375892
influence of synthetic peptide inhibitors on the thermal stability of thermitase, a serine proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	the influence of chloromethyl ketones and methyl ketones of n-acylated peptides on the thermal denaturation of thermitase was investigated in the presence and the absence of calcium ions. the chloromethyl ketone derivatives are known to react irreversibly with the enzyme, whereas the corresponding methyl ketones are reversible inhibitors. both groups of inhibitors offer a broad variety of affinity constants. the irreversible inhibition of thermitase causes a marked stabilization against thermal ...	1984	6365815
circulating immune complexes and rheumatoid factors in patients with farmer's lung.	circulating igg immune complexes (cics), igm rheumatoid factors (rfs), complement level (c3 and c4), and igg antibodies to aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus umbrosus, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, and micropolyspora faeni were analysed in the sera of 14 patients with farmer's lung (fl), 10 in the acute and four in the subacute phase of the disease. ten spouses of fl patients served as exposed healthy controls. c3 and c4 were measured fluoronephelometrically. c3 levels were above the normal range ...	1983	6351661
amino acid sequence of the tryptic sh-peptide of thermitase, a thermostable serine proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris. relation to the subtilisins.	the following amino acid sequence of the tryptic sh-peptide of thermitase, a thermostable serine proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, was determined: val-val-gly-gly-trp-asp-phe-val-asp-asn-asp-ser-thr- pro-gln-asn-gly-asn-gly-64his-gly-thr-his-68cys-ala- gly-ile-ala-ala-ala-val-thr-asn-asn-ser-thr-gly-ile- ala-gly-thr-ala-pro-lys. this sequence shows homology with the highly conservative part of the subtilisin sequences around the active site his-64. the single cysteine residue of thermi ...	1983	6350202
[intracellular proteases of thermoactinomyces vulgaris. 2. biochemical characterization of proteases in cell extracts].	the intracellular proteases (ip) of the cellular extract of thermoactinomyces vulgaris are characterized as to the biochemical properties compared with the corresponding extracellular proteases (ep). according to that, the storage stability and the temperature and ph behaviour (optimum, stability) of both of the proteases are identical. nevertheless, differences were detected between ip and ep after the action of several effectors and different substrates. as could be seen after a column chromat ...	1983	6348550
[intracellular proteases of thermoactinomyces vulgaris. 1. occurrence of the proteases in the cell and dynamics of their formation during cultivation].	the investigation concerning the localization of proteolytically active enzymes in the cells of thermoactinomyces vulgaris show that the enzymes are present in a dissolved form in the cellular extract (75%) as well as linked to the solid cell components (25%). the ratio of the activities of the soluble periplasmatical fraction to the soluble cytoplasmatical fraction to the insoluble cytoplasmatical membrane fraction was found to be 2:1:1. the formation of the proteins during the cultivation is m ...	1983	6348549
isolation and possible relevance of thermoactinomyces candidus proteinases in farmer's lung disease.	the thermophilic actinomycetes are the most common etiological agents causing hypersensitivity pneumonitis. antigen preparations of these organisms contain proteolytic activity. further investigation of the proteinases of the thermophilic actinomycetes was undertaken to determine whether this activity may contribute directly to the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis and pulmonary mycotoxicosis. the presence of proteolytic activity in aerosolized dust from moldy silage was demonstrated, ...	1983	6341241
thermostability & turnover of phosphatases in the obligate thermophile thermoactinomyces vulgaris.		1982	6288552
affinity chromatography of proteolytic enzymes on silica-based biospecific sorbents.	new biospecific sorbents for affinity chromatography of proteolytic enzymes were prepared by the attachment of the cyclopeptide antibiotics bacitracin, bacilliquin or gramicidin s to aminosilochrom via a reaction with p-benzoquinone. the content of the cyclopeptide ligands within the sorbents varied from 2 to 46 mumol/g. the sorbents prepared by this reaction were successfully applied in the purification of the carboxylic proteinases produced by fungi, russula decolorans (a basidiomycete) and tr ...	1981	6271864
[a case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis presumably due to thermoactinomyces vulgaris with associated uveitis and serum-angiotensinconverting enzyme elevation (author's transl)].		1981	6270438
phosphate utilization and constitutive synthesis of phosphatases in thermoactinomyces vulgaris tsilinsky.	thermoactinomyces vulgaris utilized both organic and inorganic phosphates with equal efficiency for its growth. the specific activities of the thermophilic acid and alkaline phosphatases were found to be maximum at 1 mm concentration of each phosphate source. all the phosphatase isoenzymes (three alkaline and one acidic) were observed irrespective of the substrate source and concentration, suggesting constitutive synthesis of the enzymes. during growth and differentiation, both acid and alkaline ...	1980	6258569
preparation and characterization of proteases from thermoactinomyces vulgaris. v. investigations on autolysis and thermostability of the purified protease.	thermitase, the main component of the proteases of the culture medium from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, is degraded by autolyses (increase of liberated amino groups) and thereby inactivated especially at elevated temperature, at alkaline ph-values and in the absence of added substrates. as shown by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis autolysis is an essential part during heat inactivation (complete disappearance of the thermitase band after heating the enzyme at 85 degrees c for 5 min). the quanti ...	1982	6219501
[physiological and cell biological characterization of the protease producer thermoactinomyces vulgaris during prolonged culture in a stirred fermenter].	the physiological behaviour of thermoactinomyces vulgaris - producing a thermostable serine-protease - was analyzed during fermentation. during 38 h the consumption of nutrients and oxygen as well as the rates of macromolecular and protease synthesis were measured. the morphological and ultrastructural changes of the mycelia were also studied. the mycelia grew exponentially for about 5 hours. after a short lag and a second slower growth phase, growth continued about linearly until the end, as wa ...	1982	6188286
purification and partial characterization of thermoactinomyces vulgaris amylases.		1967	6054676
isolation of amylolytic strains of thermoactinomyces vulgaris and production of thermophilic actinomycete amylases.	kuo, m. j. (iowa state university, ames), and p. a. hartman. isolation of amylolytic strains of thermoactinomyces vulgaris and production of thermophilic actinomycete amylases. j. bacteriol. 92:723-726. 1966.-of 759 isolates obtained from dung, compost, and soil samples, a culture of thermoactinomyces vulgaris (strain 5) was selected for further study on the basis of quantities of amylase produced in synthetic and nonsynthetic media, rapid growth and sporulation, culture stability upon prolonged ...	1966	5922543
genetic recombination in a thermophilic actinomycete, thermoactinomyces vulgaris.		1970	5500021
purification and properties of proteolytic enzymes from thermophilic actinomycetes.	the enzymes isolated from two selected cultures of thermophilic actinomycetes-thermomonospora fusca (a 29) and thermoactinomyces vulgaris (a 60)-possess proteolytic activity. the enzymes were purified more than 35- to 40-fold and showed three bands each upon cellulose acetate electrophoresis at several ph values. based upon sephadex gel filtration, molecular weights of 21,500 and 23,800 were calculated for the active peaks of the enzymes. the purified enzymes lysed heat-killed cells of gram-posi ...	1969	5344092