Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| serum baff levels, methypredsinolone therapy, epstein-barr virus and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in multiple sclerosis patients. | elevated b lymphocyte activating factor baff levels have been reported in multiple sclerosis (ms) patients; moreover, disease-modifying treatments (dmt) have shown to influence blood baff levels in ms patients, although the significance of these changes is still controversial. in addition, baff levels were reported increased during infectious diseases. in our study, we wanted to investigate on the serum baff concentrations correlated to the antibody response against mycobacterium avium subspecie ... | 2016 | 27383531 |
| a rapid method for quantifying viable mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cellular infection assays. | determining the viability of bacteria is a key outcome of in vitro cellular infection assays. currently, this is done by culture, which is problematic for fastidious slow-growing bacteria such as mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, where it can take up to 4 months to confirm growth. this study aimed to identify an assay that can rapidly quantify the number of viable m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells in a cellular sample. three commercially available bacterial viability assays along ... | 2016 | 27371585 |
| humoral response against host-mimetic homologous epitopes of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in japanese multiple sclerosis patients. | several works have demonstrated the existence of a link between mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) and ms in italy. in this study, we analyzed the serology of map in a japanese population while looking at several markers of map. fifty ms patients, 12 clinically isolated syndrome (cis) patients, 30 other neurological disorders (ond) patients, and 50 healthy controls (hcs) were tested using elisa for the presence of igg antibodies toward immunodominant epitopes map_0106c121-132, hom ... | 2016 | 27356622 |
| trends and advances in the diagnosis and control of paratuberculosis in domestic livestock. | paratuberculosis (ptb) is a chronic granulomatous enteritis caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in a wide variety of domestic and wild animals. control of ptb is difficult due to the lack of sensitive, efficacious and cost-effective diagnostics and marker vaccines. microscopy, culture, and pcr have been used for the screening of map infection in animals for quite a long time. besides, giving variable sensitivity and specificity, these tests have not been considered ideal ... | 2016 | 27356470 |
| seroreactivity against specific l5p antigen from mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in children at risk for t1d. | although numerous environmental agents have been investigated over the years as possible triggers of type 1 diabetes (t1d), its causes remain unclear. we have already demonstrated an increased prevalence of antibodies against peptides derived from mycobacterium avuim subsp. paratuberculosis (map) homologous to human zinc transporter 8 protein (znt8) and proinsulin in italian subjects at risk for or affected by t1d. in this study, we compared titers of the previously detected antibodies with sero ... | 2016 | 27336739 |
| paratuberculosis in buffaloes in northeast brazil. | several farms in the northeast of brazil were investigated for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in order to identify the occurrence of paratuberculosis in buffaloes. samples were obtained from 17 farms, two slaughter houses, and a quarantine area in the northeast. about 15,000 buffaloes of the murrah, mediterranean, and jafarabadi breed as well as their crossbreeds were evaluated for meat, dairy, and mixed farms with semi-intensive or extensive breeding practices. for diagno ... | 2016 | 27334632 |
| rhb-104 triple antibiotics combination in culture is bactericidal and should be effective for treatment of crohn's disease associated with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) has been implicated as an etiological agent of crohn's disease (cd), a debilitating chronic inflammatory bowel disease. clarithromycin (cla), clofazimine (clo), rifabutin (rif) and other antibiotics have been used individually or in combinations with other drugs to treat mycobacterial diseases including cd. the treatment has varied by regimen, dosage, and duration, resulting in conflicting outcomes and additional suffering to the patients. rh ... | 2016 | 27307791 |
| evaluation of the limitations and methods to improve rapid phage-based detection of viable mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the blood of experimentally infected cattle. | disseminated infection and bacteraemia is an underreported and under-researched aspect of johne's disease. this is mainly due to the time it takes for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) to grow and lack of sensitivity of culture. viable map cells can be detected in the blood of cattle suffering from johne's disease within 48 h using peptide-mediated magnetic separation (pmms) followed by bacteriophage amplification. the aim of this study was to demonstrate the first detection of m ... | 2016 | 27305900 |
| pcr-based detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle in south korea using fecal samples. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the causative agent of bovine paratuberculosis (ptb). the first step in the control of ptb is the identification and isolation of sub-clinical fecal shedders from the herd. in the current study, real-time and nested pcr targeting map-specific genetic elements (is900 and ismap02) dna isolated from fecal samples were used to detect map infection in cattle. of the 1,562 fecal samples obtained from 37 herds, regardless of diarrhea, 35 samples test ... | 2016 | 27301582 |
| paratuberculosis in sheep: histochemical, immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization evidence of in utero and milk transmission. | to investigate in utero and milk transmission of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), tissues from thirteen pregnant sheep, naturally infected and serologically positive to map, were examined by means of histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. soon after parturition, ewes were euthanized and tissues samples were collected and prepared. the offspring (18 lambs) were divided into three groups to investigate different routes of map transmission. lambs were sacr ... | 2016 | 27234557 |
| studies on pathology, cytokine gene expression and molecular typing of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis of naturally occurring johne's disease in bullocks. | pathology of johne's disease (jd) in bullocks (castrated, adult male cattle) is rarely studied. here, we report the pathology and cytokine gene expression of naturally occurring jd in bullocks. the small intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes collected from 404 bullocks, aged between 5 and 10years, were examined for jd lesions and detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). a total of 8.7% bullocks exhibited jd lesions, which were classified into multibacillary-diffuse granulom ... | 2016 | 27234539 |
| the genomics of mycobacteria. | the species mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis are the causal agents, respectively, of tuberculosis and paratuberculosis in animals. both mycobacteria, especially m. bovis, are also important to public health because they can infect humans. in recent years, this and the impact of tuberculosis and paratuberculosis on animal production have led to significant advances in knowledge about both pathogens and their host interactions. this article describes the cont ... | 2016 | 27217180 |
| persistence of bacterial indicators and zoonotic pathogens in contaminated cattle wastes. | manure can provide a favourable environment for pathogens' survival. de-contamination may be conducted by extended storage, until field conditions are suitable for application to land as source of agricultural nutrients. | 2016 | 27206734 |
| milk yield and lactation stage are associated with positive results to elisa for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in dairy cows from northern antioquia, colombia: a preliminary study. | paratuberculosis is a slow-developing infectious disease characterized by chronic granulomatous enterocolitis. this disease has a variable incubation period from 6 months to over 15 years and is caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). some studies have been conducted in cattle during the last decades in colombia. however, those studies were designed using relatively small populations and were not aimed to establish prevalence. this study aimed to determine the map seropreval ... | 2016 | 27165342 |
| corrigendum to "a new compartmental model of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection dynamics in cattle" [prev. vet. med. 122 (3) (2015) 298-305]. | 2016 | 27143493 | |
| immunological findings associated with argentinean strains of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine models. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) is the causative agent of ruminant paratuberculosis. the aim of this study was to evaluate the biological behavior of different argentinean strains of map in two bovine infection models: macrophage (in vitro) and calf (in vivo) through the evaluation of early immune responses at the peripheral and local levels. two map strains (a and c) were selected taking into account the different patterns of tnf-α and il-10 secretion displayed by infected ... | 2016 | 27138443 |
| composition and potency characterization of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis purified protein derivatives. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) purified protein derivatives (ppds) are immunologic reagents prepared from cultured filtrates of the type strain. traditional production consists of floating culture incubation at 37°c, organism inactivation by autoclaving, coarse filtration, and protein precipitation. three traditional production ppds were used in this study including lot 9801, which served as a reference and has been used in the field for decades. alternative production ppds (0 ... | 2016 | 27136199 |
| faecal bacterial composition in dairy cows shedding mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in faeces in comparison with nonshedding cows. | the aim of this study was to determine possible differences in the faecal microbiota of dairy cows infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (johne's disease) in comparison with noninfected cows from the same herds. faecal samples from cows in 4 herds were tested for m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis by real-time pcr, and faecal bacterial populations were analysed by 454 pyrosequencing of the 16s rrna gene. the most notable differences between shedding and nonshedding cows were an ... | 2016 | 27127920 |
| altered microrna expression and pre-mrna splicing events reveal new mechanisms associated with early stage mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection. | the molecular regulatory mechanisms of host responses to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infection during the early subclinical stage are still not clear. in this study, surgically isolated ileal segments in newborn calves (n = 5) were used to establish in vivo map infection adjacent to an uninfected control intestinal compartment. rna-seq was used to profile the whole transcriptome (mrnas) and the micrornaome (mirnas) of ileal tissues collected at one-month post-infection. the ... | 2016 | 27102525 |
| johne's disease: reliability of environmental sampling to characterize mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) infection in beef cow-calf herds. | environmental samples are considered to be a cost-effective method of identifying mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map)-positive dairy herds, but evidence for beef cow-calf herds is weak. this study aims at evaluating this approach in a total of 20 german herds that were characterized by individual faecal samples (n = 2545) of all cows. for 14 map-positive herds having at least one map-positive animal, the within-herd prevalence was calculated from concurrent individual faecal cultur ... | 2016 | 27094619 |
| seroprevalence of infectious diseases in saiga antelope (saiga tatarica tatarica) in kazakhstan 2012-2014. | 286 serum samples were collected from three sub-populations of saiga in kazakhstan (betpakdala, ustyurt and volga-ural) between 2012 and 2014, and were tested for the presence of antibodies to brucella spp., bluetongue virus, peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus, akabane virus, schmallenberg virus, chlamydophila, toxoplasma, mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and coxiella burnetii (q fever). seropositives to coxiella burnetii of saiga were detected and the adjusted seroprevalence ... | 2016 | 27094147 |
| mesenteric lymph node granulomatous lesions in naturally infected wild boar (sus scrofa) in portugal--histological, immunohistochemical and molecular aspects. | several studies have demonstrated that wildlife reservoirs of mycobacteria are responsible for the maintenance and spreading of the infection to livestock and wildlife counterparts. recent data report the role of wild boar (sus scrofa) as a reservoir for mycobacterium bovis. this study was conducted to evaluate the chronic inflammatory response in the mesenteric lymph nodes (mln) of wild boar with granulomatous lymphadenitis (n=30). morphological parameters of the lesions were recorded. the expr ... | 2016 | 27090622 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection modifies gut microbiota under different dietary conditions in a rabbit model. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) the causative agent of paratuberculosis, produces a chronic granulomatous inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants. it has been recently suggested that map infection may be associated with dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota in ruminants. since diet is one of the key factors affecting the balance of microbial populations in the digestive tract, we intended to evaluate the effect of map infection in a rabbit model fed a regular o ... | 2016 | 27065994 |
| is there a role for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in parkinson's disease? | in parkinson's disease (pd) znt proteins play an important role. zinc is a co-factor of numerous enzymes and stabilizes the tertiary structure of several proteins. nothing is known about previous infections mediated by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). we evaluated if a previous infection with map could induce the production of antibodies that cross-reacted with the znt homologous antigenic peptides associated to parkinson. the humoral response toward map3865c peptides, znt3 and ... | 2016 | 27049567 |
| gene expression profiles of putative biomarker candidates in mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected cattle. | this study was conducted to analyze the gene expression of prognostic potential biomarker candidates using the whole blood of cattle naturally infected with italic! mycobacterium aviumsubsp. italic! paratuberculosis(map). we conducted real-time pcr to evaluate 23 potential biomarker candidates. experimental animals were divided into four groups based on fecal map pcr and serum elisa. seven ( italic! klrb1, italic! hgf, italic! mpo, italic! ltf, italic! serpine1, italic! s100a8and italic! s100a9) ... | 2016 | 27029383 |
| serum and tissue concentrations of gallium after oral administration of gallium nitrate and gallium maltolate to neonatal calves. | to determine serum and tissue concentrations of gallium (ga) after oral administration of gallium nitrate (gan) and gallium maltolate (gam) to neonatal calves. | 2016 | 27027708 |
| presence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in alpacas (lama pacos) inhabiting the chilean altiplano. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the etiologic agent of paratuberculosis. the organism causes disease in both domestically managed and wild ruminant species. south american camelids have a long, shared history with indigenous people in the andes. over the last few decades, increasing numbers of alpacas were exported to numerous countries outside south america. no paratuberculosis surveillance has been reported for these source herds. in this study, individual fecal samples fr ... | 2016 | 27010259 |
| the isolation and molecular characterization of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in shandong province, china. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) causes johne's disease in domestic and wild ruminants. it has been a debate that whether map can cause crohn's disease in human. to our knowledge there is no report about molecular characterization of map in china, although several map strains have been reported in other country. the objectives of this study was to know the recent prevalence of johne's disease in dairy farms in shandong province, and have a better understanding of genotypic d ... | 2016 | 27006704 |
| oxidative stress due to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) infection upregulates selenium-dependent gpx activity. | this study was designed to determine the relationship between mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) infection and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (gpx) activity, in the blood of humans and cattle infected with map. | 2016 | 26997979 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis detection in cow's milk in argentina by immunomagnetic separation-pcr. | the aim of this study was to standardize a diagnosis procedure to detect mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) dna in raw cow milk samples under field conditions. a procedure that combines both immunomagnetic separation and is900-pcr detection (ims-is1 pcr) was employed on milk samples from 265 lactating holstein cows from map infected and uninfected herds in argentina. ims-is1 pcr results were analyzed and compared with those obtained from milk and fecal culture and serum elisa. the ... | 2017 | 26991290 |
| estimation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis load in raw bulk tank milk in emilia-romagna region (italy) by qpcr. | consumption of milk and dairy products is considered one of the main routes of human exposure to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). quantitative data on map load in raw cows' milk are essential starting point for exposure assessment. our study provides this information on a regional scale, estimating the load of map in bulk tank milk (btm) produced in emilia-romagna region (italy). the survey was carried out on 2934 btm samples (88.6% of the farms herein present) using two differ ... | 2016 | 26991108 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in two different camel species by conventional and molecular techniques. | paratuberculosis (john's disease) is infectious and chronically progressive granulomatous disease which affects domestic and wild ruminants. the causative agent is mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map), a slow growing mycobactin dependent acid-fast bacillus. we investigated the detection and frequency of map in apparently healthy dromedary and bactrian camels by insertion sequence 900 (is900) polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and acid fast staining of fecal samples in iran. acid fast staining ... | 2015 | 26973771 |
| molecular analysis and miru-vntr typing of mycobacterium avium subsp. avium, 'hominissuis' and silvaticum strains of veterinary origin. | besides mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), m. avium subsp. avium (maa), m. avium subsp. silvaticum (mas), and 'm. avium subsp. hominissuis' (mah) are equally important members of m. avium complex, with worldwide distribution and zoonotic potential. genotypic discrimination is a prerequisite to epidemiological studies which can facilitate disease prevention through revealing infection sources and transmission routes. the primary aim of this study was to identify the genetic divers ... | 2016 | 26964909 |
| epstein barr virus and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis peptides are recognized in sera and cerebrospinal fluid of ms patients. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) epitopes elicit a consistent humoral response in serum of multiple sclerosis patients, but the cross reactivity against the homologous myelin basic protein (mbp) and human interferon regulatory factor 5 (irf5) has not been searched within the cerebral spinal fluid (csf). we evaluated in sera and csf of patients with ms and with other neurological diseases (ond) the humoral response against ebv/map peptides and the irf ... | 2016 | 26956729 |
| thermal inactivation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in artificially contaminated milk by direct steam injection. | the efficiency of direct steam injection (dsi) at 105 °c for 3 s to inactivate mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk at a pilot-plant scale was investigated. milk samples were artificially contaminated with m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and also with cow fecal material naturally infected with m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. we also tested milk artificially contaminated with mycobacterium smegmatis as a candidate surrogate to compare thermal inactivation between m. smegmatis an ... | 2016 | 26944840 |
| analysis of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis mutant libraries reveals loci-dependent transposition biases and strategies to novel mutant discovery. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), the etiologic agent of johne's disease, is one of the most important bacterial pathogens in ruminants. a thorough understanding of map pathogenesis is needed to develop new vaccines and diagnostic tests. the generation of comprehensive random transposon mutant libraries is a fundamental genetic technology to determine the role of genes in physiology and pathogenesis. in this study, whole map genome analysis compared the insertion sites for the m ... | 2016 | 26888023 |
| new polymorphisms within the variable number tandem repeat (vntr) 7 locus of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | variable number tandem repeat (vntr) is a frequently employed typing method of mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map) isolates. based on whole genome sequencing in a previous study, allelic diversity at some vntr loci seems to over- or under-estimate the actual phylogenetic variance among isolates. interestingly, two closely related isolates on one farm showed polymorphism at the vntr 7 locus, raising concerns about the misleading role that it might play in genotyping. we aimed to investigat ... | 2016 | 26872530 |
| genome-wide diversity and phylogeography of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in canadian dairy cattle. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the causative bacterium of johne's disease (jd) in ruminants. the control of jd in the dairy industry is challenging, but can be improved with a better understanding of the diversity and distribution of map subtypes. previously established molecular typing techniques used to differentiate map have not been sufficiently discriminatory and/or reliable to accurately assess the population structure. in this study, the genetic diversity of 182 map ... | 2016 | 26871723 |
| the association of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis with inflammatory bowel disease. | the association of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) with crohn's disease is a controversial issue. m. paratuberculosis is detected by amplifying the is900 gene, as microbial culture is unreliable from humans. we determined the presence of m. paratuberculosis in patients with crohn's disease (cd) (n = 22), ulcerative colitis (uc) (n = 20), aphthous ulcers (n = 21) and controls (n = 42) using pcr assays validated on bovine tissue. culture from human tissue was ... | 2016 | 26849125 |
| early foetal loss correlates positively with seroconversion against mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis in high-producing dairy cows. | this study was designed to examine (i) the seroprevalence of mycobacterium avium subs paratuberculosis (map) in a high-producing dairy herd with clinical symptoms of bovine paratuberculosis, (ii) map seroconversion and seronegativation dynamics in the herd and (iii) possible relationships between map infection status and herd reproductive performance. one single blood test per cow was performed early post-partum on a monthly basis from day 10-40 post-partum during the first year of the study in ... | 2016 | 26841136 |
| exposure to viral and bacterial pathogens among soay sheep (ovis aries) of the st kilda archipelago. | we assessed evidence of exposure to viruses and bacteria in an unmanaged and long-isolated population of soay sheep (ovis aries) inhabiting hirta, in the st kilda archipelago, 65 km west of benbecula in the outer hebrides of scotland. the sheep harbour many metazoan and protozoan parasites but their exposure to viral and bacterial pathogens is unknown. we tested for herpes viral dna in leucocytes and found that 21 of 42 tested sheep were infected with ovine herpesvirus 2 (ohv-2). we also tested ... | 2016 | 26829883 |
| evidence of a pro-apoptotic effect of specific antibodies in a bovine macrophage model of infection with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) is the causative agent of johne's disease (jd), a chronic granulomatous enteritis in ruminants. understanding the protective immune response following infection is crucial to improve the diagnosis and the development of vaccines against this disease. the goal of this work was to assess whether specific antibodies were able to modulate the macrophage response to map infection by evaluating apoptosis and tnf-α secretion in an in vitro model. se ... | 2016 | 26827838 |
| novel monoclonal antibody and peptide binders for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and their application for magnetic separation. | the generation of novel mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map)-specific monoclonal antibodies and phage-display derived peptide binders, along with their application for the magnetic separation (ms) of map cells, is described. our aim was to achieve even greater map capture capability than is possible with peptide-mediated magnetic separation (pms) using a 50:50 mix of biotinylated-amp3 and biotinylated-amptd peptide-coated beads. gamma-irradiated whole map cells and ethanol extracted ... | 2016 | 26815790 |
| mycobacterial infections in rabbits: from the wild to the laboratory. | tuberculous mycobacterial diseases such as leprosy and tuberculosis are ancient diseases that currently continue threatening human health in some countries. non-tuberculous mycobacterial (ntm) infections cause a series of well-defined pathological entities, as well as some opportunistic diseases that have also increased worldwide, being more common among immunocompromised patients but rising also in immunocompetent individuals. reports on natural infections by mycobacteria in rabbits are scarce ... | 2016 | 26799551 |
| dam's infection progress and within-herd prevalence as predictors of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis elisa response in danish holstein cattle. | understanding the primary routes of transmission of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is pivotal to manage the pathogen in cattle herds. map is transmitted both vertically and horizontally, and both the dam's stage of infection and the prevalence in the population are therefore potentially important for map transmission control. the objective of this study was therefore to assess the dam's infection progress and the within-herd test-prevalence as predictors of map infection in da ... | 2016 | 26795463 |
| lcd array and is900 efficiency in relation to traditional diagnostic techniques for diagnosis of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in cattle in egypt. | this study aimed to compare traditional tests (johnin test, fecal staining and fecal culture) with advanced laboratory tests (elisa, lcd array and is900 pcr) for detection of johne's disease. a total of 365 holstein-friesian dairy cattle (40 express profuse diarrhea unresponsive to treatment and 325 contacting them) tested with johnin test, blood collected for elisa and fecal samples for fecal staining as well as fecal culture, application of lcd array and pcr using is900 on dna extracted from m ... | 2014 | 26786331 |
| paratuberculosis in different breeds of sheep: a retrospective study of cases. | spontaneous ovine paratuberculosis in an organized farm was diagnosed based on histopathological lesions, demonstration of acid-fast bacilli in different visceral organs, and detection of antibody levels against mycobacterium paratuberculosis by agar gel immunodiffusion test (agid). out of 190 morbid specimens examined histopathologically, 77% of specimens had pathological lesions, which included predominant epithelioid cell formation, infiltration of lymphocytes, monocytes and macrophages. in a ... | 2013 | 26785985 |
| correction: analysis of biobanked serum from a mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis bovine infection model confirms the remarkable stability of circulating mirna profiles and defines a bovine serum mirna repertoire. | 2016 | 26785077 | |
| bayesian estimation of sensitivity and specificity of a commercial serum/milk elisa against the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) antibody response for each lactation stage in greek dairy sheep. | a total of 854 paired milk and blood samples were collected from ewes of a greek flock and used to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of a commercial elisa for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) specific antibodies in each stage of lactation. we implemented bayesian mixture models to derive the distributions of the test response for the healthy and the infected ewes. in the colostrum period, early, mid and late lactation stage the median values of the area under ... | 2016 | 26754926 |
| on deaf ears, mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis in pathogenesis crohn's and other diseases. | the historic suggestion that mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) might be a zoonotic pathogen was based on the apparent similarity of lesions in the intestine of patients with crohn's disease (cd) with those present in cattle infected with map, the etiological agent of johne's disease. reluctance to fully explore this possibility has been attributed to the difficulty in demonstrating the presence of map in tissues from patients with cd. advances in technology have resolved this pro ... | 2015 | 26730151 |
| iron acquisition in mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is a host-adapted pathogen that evolved from the environmental bacterium m. avium subsp. hominissuis through gene loss and gene acquisition. growth of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the laboratory is enhanced by supplementation of the media with the iron-binding siderophore mycobactin j. here we examined the production of mycobactins by related organisms and searched for an alternative iron uptake system in m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. throug ... | 2015 | 26712939 |
| a multi-subunit based, thermodynamically stable model vaccine using combined immunoinformatics and protein structure based approach. | immunizations with the conventional vaccines have failed to effectively inhibit the incidences and further dissemination of the infections. to address it, we have implemented protein structure based strategies to design an efficient multi-epitope subunit vaccine against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). previously reported immunodominant peptide epitope sequences from map1611 protein were conjugated together with a stretch of conserved amino acid residues of heparin-binding hema ... | 2016 | 26707618 |
| novel single nucleotide polymorphism-based assay for genotyping mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | typing of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis strains presents a challenge, since they are genetically monomorphic and traditional molecular techniques have limited discriminatory power. the recent advances and availability of whole-genome sequencing have extended possibilities for the characterization of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, and whole-genome sequencing can provide a phylogenetic context to facilitate global epidemiology studies. in this study, we develope ... | 2016 | 26677250 |
| analysis of biobanked serum from a mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis bovine infection model confirms the remarkable stability of circulating mirna profiles and defines a bovine serum mirna repertoire. | johne's disease (jd) is a chronic enteritis of ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map). current disease control strategies are hampered by the lack of sensitive and specific diagnostic modalities. therefore, novel diagnostic and prognostic tools are needed, and circulating micrornas (mirnas) may hold potential in this area. the aims of this study were twofold: (i) to address the stability of mirna in bovine sera from biobanked samples, and (ii) to assess the pot ... | 2015 | 26675426 |
| impact of t300a variant of atg16l1 on antibacterial response, risk of culture positive infections, and clinical course of crohn's disease. | autophagy-related 16-like 1 (atg16l1) deficiency leads to impaired cellular autophagy and bacterial degradation as well as an altered cytokine production. the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs2241880 (t300a) is associated with an increased risk for crohn's disease (cd). atg16l1 polymorphisms could therefore have an impact on the risk of infectious complications and disease course in cd. we examined the impact of the t300a genotype on the antibacterial response toward a panel of pathogenic bacter ... | 2015 | 26673830 |
| distribution of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in a subclinical naturally infected german fleckvieh bull. | although it has been known for years that mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is detectable in the reproductive organs and semen of infected bulls, only few studies have been conducted on this topic worldwide. this study surveyed the map status of a bull, naturally infected due to close contact with its subclinically infected parents over a period of 4 years. from the age of 7 weeks to necropsy, faecal, blood and, after sexual maturity, semen samples were drawn repeatedly. already ... | 2015 | 26671341 |
| ovine paratuberculosis: a confirmed case of johne's disease in libya. | paratuberculosis (johne's disease) was suspected in a herd of approximately 300 sheep after weight loss and scouring had increased in adult animals despite repeated treatment with anthelmintics, antibiotics, multivitamins and minerals. the herd is located near tarhouna city. herd history revealed that a total of 60 ewes showed clinical symptoms and deaths during the last two years. the last case that we attended was submitted to the national center of animal health (ncah) for a detailed laborato ... | 2013 | 26623326 |
| solid sage sequencing shows differential gene expression in jejunal lymph node samples of resistant and susceptible red deer (cervus elaphus) challenged with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | this study compared in vivo lymph node gene expression levels between six young red deer that were either relatively resistant (r) or susceptible (s) to paratuberculosis following experimental challenge with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. intestinal lymph nodes were biopsied at 4, 12 and 50 weeks post challenge (pc) and parallel changes in histopathology, immunology and bacterial load monitored. solid sage (serial analysis of gene expression) next generation sequencing of biopsied ... | 2016 | 26620077 |
| predicting the role of il-10 in the regulation of the adaptive immune responses in mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infections using mathematical models. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is an intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes johne's disease (jd) in cattle and other animals. the hallmark of map infection in the early stages is a strong protective cell-mediated immune response (th1-type), characterized by antigen-specific γ-interferon (ifn-γ). the th1 response wanes with disease progression and is supplanted by a non-protective humoral immune response (th2-type). interleukin-10 (il-10) is believed to play a critical ro ... | 2015 | 26619346 |
| serologic screening for 13 infectious agents in roe deer (capreolus capreolus) in flanders. | in order to investigate the role of roe deer in the maintenance and transmission of infectious animal and human diseases in flanders, we conducted a serologic screening in 12 hunting areas. | 2015 | 26609692 |
| associations between mycobacterium paratuberculosis sero-status, milk quality parameters, and reproduction in dairy cows. | the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of mycobocterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) sero-status of dairy cows on different milk production variables and reproductive traits. the study was carried out on 40 herds from the region of galicia (north-west spain). these herds were randomly selected from a larger group that had taken part in a voluntary paratuberculosis control program since 2005, which involves regular serum sampling of every adult animal to run antibody- ... | 2015 | 26591382 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cheeses from small ruminants in tuscany. | paratuberculosis is an infectious disease which affects mainly domestic and wild ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). map has been associated with human diseases like crohn disease, type-1 diabetes, sarcoidosis, multiple sclerosis and hashimoto's thyroiditis. the aim of this study was to determine the level of map positivity of cheeses produced in tuscany (italy) as an indication of human exposure to the specific pathogen. sampling was focused on artisanal chees ... | 2016 | 26555160 |
| superior protection elicited by live-attenuated vaccines in the murine model of paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) causes johne's disease, a chronic enteric infection in ruminants with severe economic impact on the dairy industry in the usa and worldwide. currently, available vaccines have limited protective efficacy against disease progression and does not prevent spread of the infection among animals. because of their ability to elicit wide-spectrum immune responses, we adopted a live-attenuated vaccine approach based on a sigh knock-out ... | 2015 | 26546738 |
| molecular epidemiology of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis on dairy farms. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) is the etiological agent of severe chronic intestinal inflammatory disease in ruminants, termed johne's disease, and can infect many other animal species, including humans. map has a long incubation period prior to manifestation of clinical signs including diarrhea, weight loss, and loss of production. map has a high prevalence in dairy herds and results in considerable adverse impacts on animal health and productivity throughout the world. r ... | 2016 | 26526547 |
| a new compartmental model of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection dynamics in cattle. | models of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), a chronic infectious agent of cattle, are used to identify effective control programs. however, new biological findings show that adult infections occur and that infected animals can be separated into 2 paths: animals that will become high-shedding and, eventually, experience clinical disease (high-path); and animals that will shed only small quantities of map and will remain subclinical (low-path). longitudinal data analysis found tha ... | 2015 | 26520176 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis in crohn's disease: a case report. | we have cultured mycobacteria avium subspecies hominissuis (mah) from the blood of a patient with crohn's disease. the patient is a 21 year-old-female with a diagnosis of crohn's disease for two years. she had been treated with corticosteroids and humira for six months. a blood specimen was cultured in a specialized medium, and there was visible bacterial growth present in the liquid culture medium after eight weeks. pcr analysis of the bacterial growth and subsequent direct sequencing of the pc ... | 2015 | 26510454 |
| changes in microbial composition of wastewater during treatment in a full-scale plant. | the monitoring of wastewater treatment plants is important for their proper functioning as well as for re-use of water and also to avoid possible circulation of human or animal pathogens in our environment. the samples in this study originated from a full-scale wastewater treatment plant where the structure of the bacterial community was monitored using 454-pyrosequencing. the composition differed in different parts of the plant. in the effluent, bacteria belonging to phyla proteobacteria, actin ... | 2016 | 26496734 |
| bovine immunoinhibitory receptors contribute to suppression of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-specific t-cell responses. | johne's disease (paratuberculosis) is a chronic enteritis in cattle that is caused by intracellular infection with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. this infection is characterized by the functional exhaustion of t-cell responses to m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis antigens during late subclinical and clinical stages, presumably facilitating the persistence of this bacterium and the formation of clinical lesions. however, the mechanisms underlying t-cell exhaustion in johne's disease ... | 2015 | 26483406 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis as a cause of crohn's disease. | crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of unknown cause, affecting approximately 1.4 million north american people. due to the similarities between crohn's disease and johne's disease, a chronic enteritis in ruminant animals caused by mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map) infection, map has long been considered to be a potential cause of crohn's disease. map is an obligate intracellular pathogen that cannot replicate outside of animal hosts. map is widespread in dairy cattl ... | 2015 | 26474349 |
| macrophage polarization in cattle experimentally exposed to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map), the causative agent of johne's disease (jd) in cattle, has significant impacts on the livestock industry and has been implicated in the etiology of crohn's disease. macrophages play a key role in jd pathogenesis, which is driven by the manipulation of host immune mechanisms by map. a change in the macrophage microenvironment due to pathogenic or host-derived stimuli can lead to classical (m1) or alternative (m2) polarization of macrophages. ... | 2015 | 26454271 |
| immune response induced by epstein-barr virus and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis peptides in current and past infectious mononucleosis: a risk for multiple sclerosis? | infectious mononucleosis (im) caused by epstein-barr virus (ebv) has been associated with increased risk of multiple sclerosis (ms). however, the mechanism linking these pathologies is unclear. different reports indicate the association of ebv, and recently mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), with ms. for a better understanding of the role of these pathogens, the host response induced by selected antigenic peptides in subjects with a history of im that significantly increases the ... | 2016 | 26453465 |
| host transcriptional profiles and immunopathologic response following mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in mice. | paratuberculosis or johne's disease is a chronic granulomatous enteropathy in ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infection. in the present study, we examined the host response to map infection in spleens of mice in order to investigate the host immunopathology accompanying host-pathogen interaction. transcriptional profiles of the map-infected mice at 3 and 6 weeks p.i. showed severe histopathological changes, whereas those at 12 weeks p.i. displayed reduced le ... | 2015 | 26439498 |
| detection of viable mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in powdered infant formula by phage-pcr and confirmed by culture. | surveys from different parts of the world have reported that viable mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) can be cultured from approximately 2% of samples of retail pasteurised milk samples. pasteurised milk is used for the production of powdered infant formula (pif) and therefore there is a concern that map may also be present in these products. several studies have previously reported the detection of map in pif using pcr-based assays. however, culture-based surveys of pif have not ... | 2016 | 26421832 |
| interferon gamma response to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis specific lipopentapeptide antigen l5p in cattle. | after mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infection the cell-mediated immune (cmi) response indicative of early th1 activation may be detected using interferon-gamma release assay (igra). currently, the purified protein derivatives (ppds), i.e., the total extract of mycobacteria antigens are used to recall cmi responses against map. this study aimed to assess the ability of the chemically synthesized map specific cell wall lipopentapeptide l5p to induce cmi response in cows infecte ... | 2015 | 26412530 |
| modelling of paratuberculosis spread between dairy cattle farms at a regional scale. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) causes johne's disease, with large economic consequences for dairy cattle producers worldwide. map spread between farms is mainly due to animal movements. locally, herd size and management are expected to influence infection dynamics. to provide a better understanding of map spread between dairy cattle farms at a regional scale, we describe the first spatio-temporal model accounting simultaneously for population and infection dynamics and indirec ... | 2015 | 26407894 |
| characterization and expression of monoclonal antibody-defined molecules on resting and activated bovine αβ, γδ t and nk cells. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for leukocyte differentiation molecules (ldms) were developed during the past few decades to expand reagents for research in ruminants, pigs, and horses. the specificity of some of the mab-defined molecules was determined through participation in international workshops. other molecules identified with mabs during this time, and more recently with mabs developed after the workshops, have remained partially characterized. efforts are now underway to character ... | 2015 | 26384699 |
| comprehensive insights in the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis genome using new wgs data of sheep strain jiii-386 from germany. | mycobacterium avium (m. a.) subsp. paratuberculosis (map) - the etiologic agent of johne's disease - affects cattle, sheep and other ruminants worldwide. to decipher phenotypic differences among sheep and cattle strains (belonging to map-s [type-i/iii] respectively map-c [type-ii]) comparative genome analysis needs data from diverse isolates originating from different geographic regions of the world. the current study presents the so far best assembled genome of a map-s-strain: sheep isolate jii ... | 2015 | 26384038 |
| comparative genomics between human and animal associated subspecies of the mycobacterium avium complex: a basis for pathogenicity. | a human isolate of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis 43525) was sequenced and compared genomically to other mycobacterial pathogens. m. paratuberculosis 43525 was recently isolated from a patient with ulcerative colitis and belongs to the m. avium complex, a group known to infect both humans and animals. while m. paratuberculosis is a known pathogen of livestock, there are only 20 human isolates from the last 20 years, therefore we took the opportunity to perform a ... | 2015 | 26370227 |
| in silico epitope analysis of unique and membrane associated proteins from mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis for immunogenicity and vaccine evaluation. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the etiologic agent of paratuberculosis disease affecting ruminants worldwide. the aim of this study was to identify potential candidate antigens and epitopes by bio and immuno-informatic tools which could be later evaluated as vaccines and/or diagnosis. 110 protein sequences were selected from map k-10 genome database: 48 classified as putative enzymes involved in surface polysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide synthesis, as membrane associated ... | 2015 | 26279134 |
| lamp technology: rapid identification of brucella and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | in this study, we developed new sets of primers to detect brucella spp. and m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) through isothermal amplification. we selected a previously well-characterized target gene, bscp31, specific for brucella spp. and is900 for map. the limits of detection using the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) protocols described herein were similar to those of conventional pcr targeting the same sequences. hydroxynaphtol blue and sybr green(tm) allowed direct naked-e ... | 2015 | 26273282 |
| molecular typing of argentinian mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates by multiple-locus variable number-tandem repeat analysis. | multiple-locus variable number-tandem repeat analysis (mlva) of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) isolates may contribute to the knowledge of strain diversity in argentina. although the diversity of map has been previously investigated in argentina using is900-rflp, a small number of isolates were employed, and a low discriminative power was reached. the aim of the present study was to test the genetic diversity among map isolates using an mlva approach based on 8 repetitive ... | 2015 | 26273274 |
| within- and between-herd prevalence variation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection among control programme herds in denmark (2011-2013). | this study aimed to estimate the between- (htp) and within- (tp) herd true prevalence distribution of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infection in dairy cattle herds participating in the danish map control programme. all herds enrolled in the programme between 2011 and 2013 were included in the analysis, and one annual milk-elisa test of all lactating cows present in such herds was considered. a bayesian latent class model was used to obtain htp and tp posterior distributions f ... | 2015 | 26272435 |
| seroprevalence of igg1 and igg4 class antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in japanese population. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the established causative agent of johne's disease in cattle and other ruminants, and it has also been speculated to be a putative etiological agent of several human autoimmune diseases. it is acknowledged that dairy products deriving from infected animals play a role (could be vehicles) in exposing humans to map. map could stimulate the human immune system by means of their complex antigen (in the case of lipids, multivalent antigens) and may ... | 2015 | 26267654 |
| effect of various dietary regimens on oral challenge with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in a rabbit model. | rabbits are susceptible to infection by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in both wildlife and experimental conditions. under the hypotheses that nutrient balance might influence the establishment of infection, we designed an experiment where map intestinal colonization was assessed under three dietary regimens: high fiber, high protein, and regular diet in new zealand white rabbits submitted to oral challenge with map. lowest weight gain (f=5.17, p=0.024), higher tissue cult ... | 2015 | 26267094 |
| mean effective sensitivity for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle herds. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infections in cattle are generally challenging to detect and cost-effective test strategies are consequently difficult to identify. map-specific antibody elisas for milk and serum are relatively inexpensive, but their utility is influenced by a number of factors such as herd size, herd composition and diagnostic sensitivity. the sensitivity of the test increases with the age of the tested animal, and therefore the general, or "mean effective sens ... | 2015 | 26253222 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in a sheep flock in tuscany. | paratuberculosis is an infectious disease which affects ruminants. in this work, a sheep flock in garfagnana district (tuscany, italy) was examined by agar gel immune-diffusion (agid) tests, culture, and pcr from feces, milk, tissue samples, and cheeses. at the first agid test, 7/280 (2.5 %) animals were positive. from these animals, feces and milk samples were collected: 4/7 feces (57.14 %) and 2/7 milk samples (28.57 %) were positive to culture and 7/7 (100 %) feces samples and 1/7 milk sample ... | 2015 | 26245917 |
| the identification of circulating mirna in bovine serum and their potential as novel biomarkers of early mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis infection. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) is the aetiological agent of johne's disease (jd), a chronic enteritis in ruminants that causes substantial economic loses to agriculture worldwide. current diagnostic assays are hampered by low sensitivity and specificity that seriously complicate disease control; a new generation of diagnostic and prognostic assays are therefore urgently needed. circulating micrornas (mirnas) have been shown to have significant potential as novel biomarkers ... | 2015 | 26218736 |
| risk factors for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) and mycobacterium bovis coinfection at individual animal level in southern chile cattle populations. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) causes a chronic intestinal infection mainly in domestic and wild ruminants and is transmitted primarily by the fecal-oral route. mycobacterium bovis (m. bovis) produces a chronic infection principally of the respiratory system. it affects most domestic mammals, wild species, and humans and is spread via the respiratory or oral route. it is important to note that m. bovis is considered a major zoonotic agent. the term coinfection refers to the co ... | 2015 | 26193778 |
| presence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in brazilian patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and in controls. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) has attracted the interest of researchers because of similarities between paratuberculosis and crohn's disease (cd). the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of map through cultures, histology and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) on intestinal biopsies from brazilian cd patients. quantitative real time pcr (qrt-pcr) was performed on positive samples. | 2016 | 26176833 |
| zap-70, ctla-4 and proximal t cell receptor signaling in cows infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | paratuberculosis is a chronic intestinal disease of ruminant animals caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). a hallmark of paratuberculosis is a transition from a cell-mediated th1 type response to a humoral th2 response with the progression of disease from a subclinical to clinical state. the objective of this study was to investigate the expression of two crucial molecules in t cell function, zap-70 (zeta-chain-associated protein of 70 kda) and ctla-4 (cytotoxic t-lymphocy ... | 2015 | 26163934 |
| application of multiple laboratory tests for mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis detection in crohn's disease patient specimens. | the difficulties involved in detecting and enumerating mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) as a pathogen potentially involved in crohn's disease (cd) are well known. this study aimed to improve this situation through the application of multiple laboratory diagnostic tests to detect and isolate this bacterium from different specimens collected from cd-patients and non-cd subjects as controls. a total of 120 samples (terminal ileum and colon biopsies, blood and stool) were obtained f ... | 2015 | 26147146 |
| lack of humoral response against helicobacter pylori peptides homologous to human znt8 in hashimoto's thyroiditis patients. | the helicobacter pylori (hp) reinfection rate seems to be higher in developing countries than in developed ones. an increased seroprevalence of hp has also been reported in patients with type 1 diabetes (t1d) and hashimoto's thyroiditis (ht). mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) has been linked to both t1d and ht. quite a few lines of evidence indicate that autoantibodies against several epitopes belonging to human zinc transporter 8 (znt8) cross-recognize the homologous map3865c ep ... | 2015 | 26142673 |
| functional analysis of 3'utr polymorphisms in the caprine slc11a1 gene and its association with the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection. | the study aimed to investigate whether the genetic polymorphisms in the 3'utr of the caprine slc11a1 gene are functional, and to assess the role of map as a regulatory parameter in gene expression. to this goal we constructed plasmids expressing the luciferase reporter gene in transient transfections of a mouse (balb/c) macrophage cell line (raw264.7), incorporating those polymorphisms that our previous work indicated as more prominent in terms of slc11a1 expression and responsiveness to map inf ... | 2015 | 26117376 |
| within-herd prevalence thresholds for the detection of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis-positive dairy herds using boot swabs and liquid manure samples. | the control of johne's disease requires the identification of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map)-positive herds. boot swabs and liquid manure samples have been suggested as an easy-to-use alternative to sampling individual animals in order to diagnose subclinical johne's disease at the herd level, but there is a need to evaluate performance of this approach in the field. using a logistic regression model, this study aimed to calculate the threshold level of the apparent within-herd ... | 2016 | 26112878 |
| herd-level prevalence and associated risk factors for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cattle in the state of paraíba, northeastern brazil. | a cross-sectional study based on a planned sampling was carried out to determine herd-level and animal-level prevalences, and to identify risk factors associated with herd-level prevalence for bovine paratuberculosis in the state of paraíba, northeastern brazil. the state was divided into three sampling groups: sampling stratum 1 (mesoregion of sertão), sampling stratum 2 (mesoregion of borborema), and sampling stratum 3 (mesoregions of zona da mata and agreste). for each sampling stratum, herd- ... | 2015 | 26092721 |
| two state model for a constant disease hazard in paratuberculosis (and other bovine diseases). | many diseases are characterized by a long and varying sub-clinical period. two main mechanisms can explain such periods: a slow progress toward disease or a sudden transition from a healthy state to a disease state induced by internal or external events. we here survey epidemiological features of the amount of bacteria shed during mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map) infection to test which of these two models, slow progression or sudden transition (or a combination of the two), better exp ... | 2015 | 26092587 |
| differences in intermittent and continuous fecal shedding patterns between natural and experimental mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infections in cattle. | the objective of this paper is to study shedding patterns of cows infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). while multiple single farm studies of map dynamics were reported, there is not large scale meta-analysis of both natural and experimental infections. large difference in shedding patterns between experimentally and naturally infected cows were observed. experimental infections are thus probably driven by different pathological mechanisms. for further evaluations of s ... | 2015 | 26092571 |
| the within host dynamics of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle: where time and place matter. | johne's disease or paratuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), occurs in domestic and wild animals worldwide, causing a significant economic loss to livestock industries. after a prolonged incubation time, infected cattle shed map bacilli into feces and spread the disease to an uninfected animal population. it is largely unknown how (or whether) the interplay between the pathogen and the host immunity determines timing of shedding after the long incubation time ... | 2015 | 26092382 |
| the treatment of infectious disease with a medical device: results of a clinical trial of ultraviolet blood irradiation (uvbi) in patients with hepatitis c infection. | prior to the advent of therapies with sustained virological response rates of 94%, this study was conducted for the us food and drug administration (fda) to assess the safety and efficacy of ultraviolet blood irradiation (uvbi) for the treatment of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection. | 2015 | 26092299 |
| agent-based model for johne's disease dynamics in a dairy herd. | johne's disease is an infectious gastrointestinal disease in ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis that causes diarrhea, emaciation, decreased milk production and eventually death. the disease is transmitted in utero and via milk and colostrums to calves, and fecal-orally to all age classes. financial losses due to the disease are estimated to be over $200 million in the us dairy industry. the goal of this study was to evaluate the cost effectiveness of control measures ... | 2015 | 26091904 |