Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| the vip3ag4 insecticidal protoxin from bacillus thuringiensis adopts a tetrameric configuration that is maintained on proteolysis. | the vip3 proteins produced during vegetative growth by strains of the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis show insecticidal activity against lepidopteran insects with a mechanism of action that may involve pore formation and apoptosis. these proteins are promising supplements to our arsenal of insecticidal proteins, but the molecular details of their activity are not understood. as a first step in the structural characterisation of these proteins, we have analysed their secondary structure and reso ... | 2017 | 28505109 |
| tubulin-like proteins in prokaryotic dna positioning. | a family of tubulin-related proteins (tubzs) has been identified in prokaryotes as being important for the inheritance of virulence plasmids of several pathogenic bacilli and also being implicated in the lysogenic life cycle of several bacteriophages. cell biological studies and reconstitution experiments revealed that tubzs function as prokaryotic cytomotive filaments, providing one-dimensional motive forces. plasmid-borne tubz filaments most likely transport plasmid centromeric complexes by de ... | 2017 | 28500531 |
| enhanced behavioral immune defenses in a c. elegans c-type lectin-like domain gene mutant. | c-type lectin-like domain (ctld) proteins occupy crucial functions in the immune system of vertebrates, but their role in invertebrate immunity is much less understood. the nematode caenorhabditis elegans possesses a highly diverse ctld protein encoding (clec) gene repertoire. a role of c. elegans clec genes in pathogen defense is always assumed, yet experimental evidence for clec immune function is rare. to systematically test the potential function of clec genes in the c. elegans defense again ... | 2017 | 28499858 |
| selection of bacillus thuringiensis strains toxic to cotton boll weevil (anthonomus grandis, coleoptera: curculionidae) larvae. | preliminary bioassays with whole cultures (wc) of 124 bacillus thuringiensis strains were performed with neonate larvae of anthonomus grandis, a major cotton pest in argentina and other regions of the americas. three exotic and four native strains were selected for causing more than 50% mortality. all of them were β-exotoxin producers. the native strains shared similar morphology of parasporal crystals, similar protein pattern and identical insecticidal gene profiles. these features resembled le ... | 2017 | 28495035 |
| assessment of inheritance and fitness costs associated with field-evolved resistance to cry3bb1 maize by western corn rootworm. | the western corn rootworm, diabrotica virgifera virgifera leconte, is among the most serious insect pests of maize in north america. one strategy used to manage this pest is transgenic maize that produces one or more crystalline (cry) toxins derived from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt). to delay bt resistance by insect pests, refuges of non-bt maize are grown in conjunction with bt maize. two factors influencing the success of the refuge strategy to delay resistance are the inheritance ... | 2017 | 28492498 |
| antimicrobial spirotetronate metabolites from marine-derived micromonospora harpali scsio gj089. | two new spirotetronate aglycones, 22-dehydroxymethyl-kijanolide (1) and 8-hydroxy-22-dehydroxymethyl-kijanolide (2), along with seven new spirotetronate glycosides, microsporanates a-f (3-8) and tetrocarcin p (9), together with three known tetrocarcins [tetrocarcins a (10), b (11), and ac6h (12)], were isolated from fermentation broths of the marine-derived micromonospora harpali scsio gj089. the structures of 1-9 were elucidated on the basis of 1d and 2d nmr and ms spectroscopic data. compounds ... | 2017 | 28489382 |
| functional roles of cadherin, aminopeptidase-n and alkaline phosphatase from helicoverpa armigera (hübner) in the action mechanism of bacillus thuringiensis cry2aa. | a pyramid strategy combining the cry1a and cry2a toxins in bt crops has been widely used throughout the world to delay pest adaption to transgenic crops and broaden the insecticidal spectrum. midgut membrane-bound cadherin (cad), aminopeptidase-n (apn) and alkaline phosphatase (alp) are important for cry1a toxicity in some lepidopteran larvae, but the proteins that bind cry2a in the midgut of target insects and their role in the cry2a mechanism of action are still unclear. in this study, we foun ... | 2017 | 28488696 |
| hybridizing transgenic bt cotton with non-bt cotton counters resistance in pink bollworm. | extensive cultivation of crops genetically engineered to produce insecticidal proteins from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) has suppressed some major pests, reduced insecticide sprays, enhanced pest control by natural enemies, and increased grower profits. however, these benefits are being eroded by evolution of resistance in pests. we report a strategy for combating resistance by crossing transgenic bt plants with conventional non-bt plants and then crossing the resulting first-genera ... | 2017 | 28483999 |
| histopathological effects of bt and tcda insecticidal proteins on the midgut epithelium of western corn rootworm larvae (diabrotica virgifera virgifera). | western corn rootworm (wcr, diabrotica virgifera virgifera leconte) is a major corn pest in the united states, causing annual losses of over $1 billion. one approach to protect against crop loss by this insect is the use of transgenic corn hybrids expressing one or more crystal (cry) proteins derived from bacillus thuringiensis. cry34ab1 and cry35ab1 together comprise a binary insecticidal toxin with specific activity against wcr. these proteins have been developed as insect resistance traits in ... | 2017 | 28481307 |
| complete genome sequence and bioinformatics analyses of bacillus thuringiensis strain bm-bt15426. | this study aimed to investigate the genetic characteristics of bacillus thuringiensis strain bm-bt15426. | 2017 | 28479507 |
| what are farmers really planting? measuring the presence and effectiveness of bt cotton in pakistan. | genetically modified, insect-resistant bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cotton is cultivated extensively in pakistan. past studies, however, have raised concerns about the prevalence of bt cotton varieties possessing weak or nonperforming insect-resistance traits conferred by the cry gene. we examine this issue using data drawn from a representative sample of cotton-growing households that were surveyed in six agroclimatic zones spanning 28 districts in pakistan in 2013, as well as measurements of cr ... | 2017 | 28472094 |
| evaluation of two standard and two chromogenic selective media for optimal growth and enumeration of isolates of 16 unique bacillus species. | the genus bacillus is a group of gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria that can cause food poisoning and diarrheal illness in humans. a wide range of food products have been linked to foodborne outbreaks associated with these opportunistic pathogens. the u.s. food and drug administration recommends (in their bacteriological analytical manual) the use of bacara or mannitol egg yolk polymyxin (myp) agar plates and the most-probable-number (mpn) method for enumeration and confirmation of bacillu ... | 2017 | 28467187 |
| the role of p38 mapk, jnk, and erk in antibacterial responses of chilo suppressalis (lepidoptera: crambidae). | the mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) are conserved signal transduction pathways and broadly responsible for bacterial infection from yeast to mammals, and virus, fungi, and bacteria, specifically bacillus thuringiensis, to insects. but little is known about the mapk pathways in antibacterial responses in chilo suppressalis (walker), an important lepidopteran pest of rice. in this study, we used the bacteria of bacillus thuringiensis, escherichia coli, and staphyloccocus aureus to infect ... | 2017 | 28459996 |
| bt proteins have no detrimental effects on larvae of the green lacewing, chrysopa pallens (rambur) (neuroptera: chrysopidae). | biosafety of a genetically modified crop is required to be assessed prior to its commercialization. for this, a suitable artificial diet was developed and used to establish a dietary exposure test for assessing the toxicity of midgut-active bt insecticidal proteins on chrysopa pallens (rambur). subsequently, this dietary exposure test was used to evaluate the toxicity of the proteins cry1ab, cry1ac, cry1ah, cry1ca, cry1f, cry2aa, cry2ab, and vip3aa on c. pallens larvae. temporal stability, bioac ... | 2017 | 28451986 |
| peptide selection and antibody generation for the prospective immunorecognition of cry1ab16 protein of transgenic maize. | the introduction of genes isolated from different bacillus thuringiensis strains to express cry-type toxins in transgenic crops is a common strategy to confer insect resistance traits. this work intended to extensively in silico analyse cry1a(b)16 protein for the identification of peptide markers for the biorecognition of transgenic crops. by combining two different strategies based on several bioinformatic tools for linear epitope prediction, a set of seven peptides was successfully selected as ... | 2017 | 28450016 |
| oral immune priming with bacillus thuringiensis induces a shift in the gene expression of tribolium castaneum larvae. | the phenomenon of immune priming, i.e. enhanced protection following a secondary exposure to a pathogen, has now been demonstrated in a wide range of invertebrate species. despite accumulating phenotypic evidence, knowledge of its mechanistic underpinnings is currently very limited. here we used the system of the red flour beetle, tribolium castaneum and the insect pathogen bacillus thuringiensis (bt) to further our molecular understanding of the oral immune priming phenomenon. we addressed how ... | 2017 | 28446171 |
| comparative genomics and metabolomics analyses of the adaptation mechanism in ketogulonicigenium vulgare-bacillus thuringiensis consortium. | adaptive evolution by serial subcultivation of co-cultured bacillus thuringiensis and ketogulonicigenium vulgare significantly enhanced the productivity of 2-keto-l-gulonic acid in two-step vitamin c production. the adaptation mechanism in k. vulgare-b. thuringiensis consortium was investigated in this study based on comparative genomics and metabolomics studies. it was found that the growth, anti-oxidation, transcription and regulation were significantly enhanced in the adapted consortium. the ... | 2017 | 28440340 |
| horizontal transfer of chromosomal markers mediated by the large conjugative plasmid pxo16 from bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis. | pxo16, a large plasmid originating from bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis, displays unique conjugation capacities: besides efficient self-transfer, it is able to mobilize and retro-mobilize non-conjugative plasmids, including those missing an orit and/or a mob gene, also known as "non-mobilizable" plasmids. in this paper, another peculiar transfer property of pxo16 is described. this element is indeed able to transfer chromosomal loci at frequencies of ca. 10(-5)-10(-6) transconjugants/ ... | 2017 | 28435006 |
| field trial performance of herculex xtra (cry34ab1/cry35ab1) and smartstax (cry34ab1/cry35ab1 + cry3bb1) hybrids and soil insecticides against western and northern corn rootworms (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). | western corn rootworm, diabrotica virgifera virgifera leconte (coleoptera: chrysomelidae), and northern corn rootworm, diabrotica barberi smith and lawrence (coleoptera: chrysomelidae), are important insect pests in corn, zea mays l. for more than a decade, growers have been using transgenic plants expressing proteins from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) to protect corn roots from feeding. in 2011, western corn rootworm populations were reported to have developed resistance to bt hybri ... | 2017 | 28430986 |
| probing the germination kinetics of ethanol-treated bacillus thuringiensis spores. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) is the most widely used microbial insecticide. to clarify the mechanism of bacterial resistance to ethanol toxicity, the present study investigated the effects of 70% (v/v) ethanol at a moderate temperature (65°c) on bt spore germination by single-cell raman spectroscopy and differential interference contrast microscopy. we found that over 80% of bt spores were inviable after 30 min of treatment. moreover, ethanol treatment affected spore germination; the time for ini ... | 2017 | 28430241 |
| personality, immune response and reproductive success: an appraisal of the pace-of-life syndrome hypothesis. | the pace-of-life syndrome (pols) hypothesis is an extended concept of the life-history theory that includes behavioural traits. the studies challenging the pols hypothesis often focus on the relationships between a single personality trait and a physiological and/or life-history trait. while pathogens represent a major selective pressure, few studies have been interested in testing relationships between behavioural syndrome, and several fitness components including immunity. the aim of this stud ... | 2017 | 28425582 |
| cry toxin specificities of insect abcc transporters closely related to lepidopteran abcc2 transporters. | in this study, we examined insect and human abcc transporters closely related to the lepidopteran abc transporter c2 (abcc2), a powerful receptor for the bacillus thuringiensis cry toxin, for their responses to various cry toxins. abcc2 and the lepidopteran abc transporter c3 (abcc3) conferred cultured cells with susceptibility to a lepidopteran-specific cry1aa toxin but not to lepidopteran-specific cry1ca and cry1da. one coleopteran abcc transporter specifically responded to a coleopteran-speci ... | 2017 | 28416297 |
| antibacterial activity of novel peptide derived from cry1ab16 toxin and development of lbl films for foodborne pathogens control. | escherichia coli is one of the most common etiological agents of diarrhea in developing countries. the appearance of resistant e. coli prevents treatment of these infections. biotechnological products incorporating antimicrobial peptides are currently being considered in applications to prevent intestinal infections by these bacteria. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the peptide pcl342-354c, which is derived from the toxin cry1ab16 from bacillus thuringiensis, ... | 2017 | 28415492 |
| assessment of the antimicrobial activity and the entomocidal potential of bacillus thuringiensis isolates from algeria. | this work represents the first initiative to analyze the distribution of b. thuringiensis in algeria and to evaluate the biological potential of the isolates. a total of 157 isolates were recovered, with at least one isolate in 94.4% of the samples. the highest bt index was found in samples from rhizospheric soil (0.48) and from the mediterranean area (0.44). most isolates showed antifungal activity (98.5%), in contrast to the few that had antibacterial activity (29.9%). a high genetic diversity ... | 2017 | 28406460 |
| a new biopesticide from a local bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis (xd3) against alder leaf beetle (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). | use of chemical pesticides in agriculture harms humans, non-target organisms and environments, and causes increase resistance against chemicals. in order to develop an effective bio-pesticide against coleopterans, particularly against agelastica alni (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) which is one of the serious pests of alder leaf and hazelnut, we tested the insecticidal effect of 21 bacillus isolates against the larvae and adults of the pest. bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis-xd3 (btt-xd3) show ... | 2017 | 28405911 |
| transcriptional profile for detoxification enzymes aeaggt1 and aaeggt2 from aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in response to larvicides. | aedes aegypti (l.) is the vector responsible for transmitting dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and zika viruses, as well as other pathogens. microbial larvicides based on bacillus thuringiensis berliner israelensis (bti) and saccharopolyspora spinosa mertz and yao, such as vectobac 12as and natular 2ec, have been shown to be effective in reducing larval populations of ae. aegypti. we examined the gene expression of two detoxification enzymes, glucosyl and glucuronosyl transferases (aaeggt1 and ... | 2017 | 28399278 |
| comparative analysis of the genetic basis of cry1f resistance in two strains of spodoptera frugiperda originated from puerto rico and florida. | the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith), is a major target pest of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) maize and cotton in america. since the commercialization of cry1f maize (event tc1507) in 2003, resistance to cry1f maize in field populations of s. frugiperda has occurred in puerto rico, brazil and the southeast region of the united states. in this paper, we conducted a comparative analysis of the inheritance of two cry1f-resistant colonies of s. frugiperda originated from puerto rico ( ... | 2017 | 28392284 |
| molecular characterization and pcr-based screening of cry genes from bacillus thuringiensis strains. | novel cry genes are potential candidates for resistance management strategies, due to their different structures and modes of action. therefore, it is desirable to clone and express novel cry genes from several new isolates of bacillus thuringiensis (bt). in the present study, 28 bt strains were characterized at morphological and molecular level. all these strains are gram positive, endospore forming and had shown different crystal morphologies when viewed under the microscope. the ardra (16s rd ... | 2017 | 28391468 |
| seasonal variability in size-segregated airborne bacterial particles and their characterization at different source-sites. | size-segregated aerosol samplings were carried out near the potential sources of airborne biological particles i.e. at a landfill site, an agricultural field and a road side restaurant-cluster site in winter, spring and summer seasons during 2013-2015 in new delhi. the culturable airborne bacterial (cab) concentrations showed significant seasonal variation from higher to moderate in spring and winter seasons and lowest during summer. highest cab concentrations were observed at the okhla landfill ... | 2017 | 28390023 |
| holotrichia oblita midgut proteins that bind to bacillus thuringiensis cry8-like toxin and assembly of the h. oblita midgut tissue transcriptome. | the bacillus thuringiensis strain hbf-18 (cgmcc 2070), containing two cry genes (cry8-like and cry8ga), is toxic to holotrichia oblita larvae. both cry8-like and cry8ga proteins are active against this insect pest, and cry8-like is more toxic. to analyze the characteristics of the binding of cry8-like and cry8ga proteins to brush border membrane vesicles (bbmvs) in h. oblita larvae, binding assays were conducted with a fluorescent dylight488-labeled cry8-like toxin. the results of saturation bin ... | 2017 | 28389549 |
| effects of bacillus thuringiensis strains virulent to varroa destructor on larvae and adults of apis mellifera. | the sublethal effects of two strains of bacillus thuringiensis, which were virulent in vitro to varroa destructor, were measured on apis mellifera. the effects of five concentrations of total protein (1, 5, 25, 50 and 100μg/ml) from the ea3 and ea26.1 strains on larval and adult honey bees were evaluated for two and seven days under laboratory conditions. based on the concentrations evaluated, total protein from the two strains did not affect the development of larvae, the syrup consumption, loc ... | 2017 | 28388479 |
| insights into the structure of the vip3aa insecticidal protein by protease digestion analysis. | vip3 proteins are secretable proteins from bacillus thuringiensis whose mode of action is still poorly understood. in this study, the activation process for vip3 proteins was closely examined in order to better understand the vip3aa protein stability and to shed light on its structure. the vip3aa protoxin (of 89 kda) was treated with trypsin at concentrations from 1:100 to 120:100 (trypsin:vip3a, w:w). if the action of trypsin was not properly neutralized, the results of sds-page analysis (as we ... | 2017 | 28387713 |
| baseline susceptibility of field populations of helicoverpa armigera to bacillus thuringiensis vip3aa toxin and lack of cross-resistance between vip3aa and cry toxins. | the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera (hübner) is one of the most damaging cotton pests worldwide. in china, control of this pest has been dependent on transgenic cotton producing a single bacillus thuringiensis (bt) protein cry1ac since 1997. a small, but significant, increase in h. armigera resistance to cry1ac was detected in field populations from northern china. since vip3aa has a different structure and mode of action than cry proteins, bt cotton pyramids containing vip3aa are considere ... | 2017 | 28379206 |
| role of the c-terminal and chitin insertion domains on enzymatic activity of endochitinase chia74 of bacillus thuringiensis. | chia74 has modular structure that includes a secretion signal peptide (sp) sequence, and catalytic (cd), chitin insertion (cid), fibronectin type-iii (fniii) and chitin binding (cbd) domains. we described for the first time the existence of a putative cid in chia74. mature chia74 lacking its sp sequence (rchia74δsp, ∼70kda) and two truncated versions, rchia74δsp-60, rchia74δsp-50 lacking, respectively, cbd and cdb-fniii were produced. rchia74δsp and rchia74δsp-60 are unstable and were processed ... | 2017 | 28377239 |
| transfer of cry1ac and cry2a proteins from genetically engineered bt cotton to herbivores and predators. | with the cultivation of bt cotton, the produced insecticidal cry proteins are ingested by herbivores and potentially transferred along the food chain to natural enemies, such as predators. in laboratory experiments with bollgard ii cotton, concentrations of cry1ac and cry2ab were measured in lepidoptera larvae (spodoptera littoralis, heliothis virescens), plant bugs (euschistus heros), aphids (aphis gossypii), whiteflies (bemisia tabaci), thrips (thrips tabaci, frankliniella occidentalis), and s ... | 2017 | 28374515 |
| predator preference for bt-fed spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) prey: implications for insect resistance management in bt maize seed blends. | understanding indirect, trophic-level effects of genetically engineered plants, expressing insecticidal proteins derived from the bacterium, bacillus thuringiensis (bt), is essential to the ecological risk assessment process. in this study, we examine potential indirect, trophic-level effects of bt-sensitive prey using the predator, harmonia axyridis (pallas), feeding upon spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) larvae, which had delayed development (lower body mass) following ingestion of cry1ab mai ... | 2017 | 28369505 |
| nitrogen rate effects on cry3bb1 and cry3bb1 + cry34/35ab1 expression in transgenic corn roots, resulting root injury, and corn rootworm beetle emergence. | nitrogen (n) application rates have been recommended historically for maximum economic yield of corn (zea mays l.), but not for optimal expression or impacts of bt (bacillus thuringiensis berliner) cry protein(s) on target insects. this study explored the need to adjust n rates to optimize expression of corn rootworm-active bt (bt-rw) protein(s) in a single and a pyramided trait hybrid and resulting impacts on beetle emergence and root injury, under field conditions. the experiment featured a fa ... | 2017 | 28369407 |
| influence of ephestia kuehniella stage larvae on the potency of bacillus thuringiensis cry1aa delta-endotoxin. | the economically important crop pest ephestia kuehniella was tested at two stages of larval development for susceptibility to bacillus thuringiensis cry1aa toxin. bioassays showed that toxicity decreased during the development of larvae stage. in fact, cry1aa toxins from bns3-cry(-) (pht-cry1aa) showed low toxicity against the first-instar larvae (l1) with a lc50 value of about 421.02μg/g of diet and was not toxic against the fifth-instar (l5), comparing to the blb1 toxins used as positive contr ... | 2017 | 28364809 |
| toxicity and binding studies of bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac, cry1f, cry1c and cry2a proteins in the soybean pests anticarsia gemmatalis and chrysodeixis (pseudoplusia) includens. | anticarsia gemmatalis (velvetbean caterpillar) and chrysodeixis includens (soybean looper, formerly named pseudoplusia includens) are two important defoliating insects of soybean. both lepidopteran pests are controlled mainly with synthetic insecticides. alternative control strategies such as biopesticides based on the bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxins or transgenic plants expressing bt toxins can be used and are increasingly being adopted. studies on the insect susceptibility and mode of actio ... | 2017 | 28363958 |
| draft genome sequence of bacillus thuringiensis inta fr7-4. | we report here the complete annotated 6,035,547-bp draft genome sequence of bacillus thuringiensis inta fr7-4. this strain contains three cry8 and two vip1 and vip2 insecticidal toxin genes. | 2017 | 28360155 |
| patterns of gene expression in western corn rootworm (diabrotica virgifera virgifera) neonates, challenged with cry34ab1, cry35ab1 and cry34/35ab1, based on next-generation sequencing. | with next generation sequencing technologies, high-throughput rna sequencing (rnaseq) was conducted to examine gene expression in neonates of diabrotica virgifera virgifera (leconte) (western corn rootworm, wcr) challenged with individual proteins of the binary bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal proteins, cry34ab1 and cry35ab1, and the combination of cry34/cry35ab1, which together are active against rootworm larvae. integrated results of three different statistical comparisons identified 114 an ... | 2017 | 28358336 |
| nprr, a moonlighting quorum sensor shifting from a phosphatase activity to a transcriptional activator. | regulation of biological functions requires factors (proteins, peptides or chemicals) able to sense and translate environmental conditions or any circumstances in order to modulate the transcription of a gene, the stability of a transcript or the activity of a protein. quorum sensing is a regulation mechanism connecting cell density to the physiological state of a single cell. in bacteria, quorum sensing coordinates virulence, cell fate and commitment to sporulation and other adaptation properti ... | 2016 | 28357327 |
| a general approach to test for interaction among mixtures of insecticidal proteins which target different orders of insect pests. | a shift toward transgenic crops which produce combinations of insecticidal proteins has increased the interest (syngenta seeds, inc., minnetonka, mn) in studying the potential for interactions amongst those proteins. we present a general testing method which accommodates proteins with nonoverlapping spectrums of activity. our sequential testing approach first investigates groups of the proteins with overlapping activity; e.g., proteins active against lepidoptera or coleoptera, respectively. the ... | 2017 | 28355479 |
| transgenic pigeonpea events expressing cry1ac and cry2aa exhibit resistance to helicoverpa armigera. | independent transgenic pigeonpea events were developed using two cry genes. transgenic cry2aa-pigeonpea was established for the first time. selected transgenic events demonstrated 100% mortality of helicoverpa armigera in successive generations. lepidopteran insect helicoverpa armigera is the major yield constraint of food legume pigeonpea. the present study was aimed to develop h. armigera-resistant transgenic pigeonpea, selected on the basis of transgene expression and phenotyping. agrobacteri ... | 2017 | 28352969 |
| therapeutic use of bacillus thuringiensis in the treatment of psoroptic mange in naturally infested new zealand rabbits. | bacillus thuringiensis is a bacteria known for its bioinsecticidal toxins and it has been proposed as an alternative in the treatment of several parasites that infect domestic animals (helminths, ticks, mites). in this work, we evaluated the clinical efficiency of the bacillus thuringiensis gp532 strain in the treatment of six rabbits naturally infested with the p. cuniculi mite. gp532 extract (10mg/ml) was applied by aspersion in both pinna, with a second application after seven days, and the t ... | 2017 | 28342673 |
| metagenomic analyses of bacterial endophytes associated with the phyllosphere of a bt maize cultivar and its isogenic parental line from south africa. | genetic modification of maize with bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cry proteins may predispose shifts in the bacterial endophytes' community associated with maize shoots. in this study, the diversity of bacterial endophytes associated with a bt maize genotype (mon810) and its isogenic non-transgenic parental line were investigated at pre-flowering (50 days) and post-flowering (90 days) developmental stages. pcr-dgge and high throughput sequencing on the illumina miseq sequencer were used to characte ... | 2017 | 28341909 |
| the human cancer cell active toxin cry41aa from bacillus thuringiensis acts like its insecticidal counterparts. | understanding how certain protein toxins from the normally insecticidal bacterium bacillus thuringiensis target human cell lines has implications for both the risk assessment of products containing these toxins and potentially for cancer therapy. this understanding requires knowledge of whether the human cell active toxins work by the same mechanism as their insecticidal counterparts or by alternative ones. the b. thuringiensis cry41aa (also known as parasporin3) toxin is structurally related to ... | 2017 | 28341807 |
| effectiveness of microbial and chemical insecticides for supplemental control of bollworm on bt and non-bt cottons. | laboratory and field experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of microbial and chemical insecticides for supplemental control of bollworm, helicoverpa zea (boddie) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), on non-bt (dp1441rf) and bt (dp1321b2rf) cottons. neonate and 3rd instar larvae survival was evaluated on leaf tissue treated with microbial and chemical insecticides including a commercial formulation of bacillus thuringiensis (dipel), a heliothis (helicoverpa) nuclear polyhedrosis virus (np ... | 2017 | 28334359 |
| large-scale evaluation of association between pheromone trap captures and cotton boll infestation for pink bollworm (lepidoptera: gelechiidae). | although transgenic cotton producing insecticidal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) is a cornerstone for pink bollworm control in some countries, integrated pest management remains important for bolstering sustainability of bt cotton and is critical for controlling pink bollworm where bt cotton is not available or where this pest has evolved resistance to bt cotton. here, we used data on moth captures in gossyplure-baited pheromone traps and boll infestations for 163 bt and 152 non-bt co ... | 2017 | 28334341 |
| lethal and sublethal effects of some chemical and biological insecticides on tuta absoluta (lepidoptera: gelechiidae) eggs and neonates. | tuta absoluta (meyrick) is one of the serious pests of tomatoes. this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of some chemical and biological insecticides on t. absoluta . the insecticides tested were diazinon, dichlorvos, chlorantraniliprole, deltamethrin, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, spinosad, abamectin, indoxacarb, bacillus thuringiensis berliner, beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin, and metarhizium anisopliae (metschnikoff) sorokin. sublethal effects for the most effective insecticides ... | 2017 | 28334249 |
| differential expression and characterization of cypermethrin-degrading potential proteins in bacillus thuringiensis strain, sg4. | a cypermethrin-degrading bacterium (sg4) was isolated from the pesticide-contaminated soil in the agricultural field of the crop research centre of the university, and characterized as bacillus thuringiensis strain, sg4. the bacterium degraded 78.9 % of cypermethrin (50 ppm) in 15 days when grown in a minimal medium. to understand the functional proteins of cypermethrin degradation in bacillus thuringiensis strain sg4, a comparative proteomic analysis was performed in the presence/absence of cyp ... | 2016 | 28330297 |
| classical and bayesian predictions applied to bacillus toxin production. | bacillus thuringiensis is a bacterium with unusual properties that make it useful for pest control in ecoagriculture. it can form a parasporal crystal containing polypeptides (also called delta-endotoxins). these entomopathogenic toxins are made during the stationary phase of the bacterial growth cycle and were initially characterized as an insect pathogen. nowadays, the use of saturated two-level designs is very popular. this method is especially used in industrial applications where the cost o ... | 2016 | 28330277 |
| isolation and characterization of bacterial endophytes of curcuma longa l. | fourteen endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the rhizome of curcuma longa l. were characterized on the basis of morphology, biochemical characteristics and 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. the isolates were identified to six strains namely bacillus cereus (ecl1), bacillus thuringiensis (ecl2), bacillus sp. (ecl3), bacillus pumilis (ecl4), pseudomonas putida (ecl5), and clavibacter michiganensis (ecl6). all the strains produced iaa and solubilized phosphate and only two strains produ ... | 2016 | 28330130 |
| transgenic rice plants expressing synthetic cry2ax1 gene exhibits resistance to rice leaffolder (cnaphalocrosis medinalis). | bacillus thuringiensis is a major source of insecticidal genes imparting insect resistance in transgenic plants. level of expression of transgenes in transgenic plants is important to achieve desirable level of resistance against target insects. in order to achieve desirable level of expression, rice chloroplast transit peptide sequence was fused with synthetic cry2ax1 gene to target its protein in chloroplasts. sixteen pcr positive lines of rice were generated by agrobacterium mediated transfor ... | 2016 | 28330080 |
| aminopeptidase n1 is involved in bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac toxicity in the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | understanding how insecticidal proteins from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) interact with their hosts is crucial to fully explain the molecular bases of bt specificity and insecticidal activity. previous studies support atp binding cassette transporters (abcc2/3) and one cadherin-like protein are cry1ac functional receptors in the beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua). in this study, a combined one-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting approach identified aminopeptidase n (ap ... | 2017 | 28327568 |
| influence of calcareous soil on cry3bb1 expression and efficacy in the field. | greater than expected injury by western corn rootworm (wcr) (diabrotica virgifera virgifera leconte) to cry3bb1 expressing maize hybrids (zea mays l.) has been reported in southwestern nebraska. affected areas of some fields are often associated with high ph calcareous soils where maize growth is poor and iron chlorosis is common. as part of a comprehensive study to understand potential causes of unexpected injury, experiments were conducted during 2013 and 2014 to ascertain whether the calcareo ... | 2017 | 28326506 |
| characterization of parasporin gene harboring indian isolates of bacillus thuringiensis. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) is popularly known as insecticidal bacterium. however, non-insecticidal bt strains are more extensively available in natural environment than the insecticidal ones. parasporin (ps) is a collection of genealogically heterogeneous cry proteins synthesized in non-insecticidal isolates of bt. an important character generally related with ps proteins is their strong cytocidal activity preferentially on human cancer cells of various origins. identification and characterizat ... | 2014 | 28324389 |
| effects of site-mutations within the 22 kda no-core fragment of the vip3aa11 insecticidal toxin of bacillus thuringiensis. | bacillus thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal proteins (vips) are not homologous to other known cry proteins, and they act against lepidopteran larvae via a unique process. all reported studies on the mode of action of vip3 proteins have been performed on the vip3a family, mostly on the vip3aa subfamily. vip3aa proteins are activated by midgut proteases, and they cross the peritrophic membrane and bind specific proteins in apical membrane epithelial midgut cells, which results in pore formation ... | 2017 | 28321527 |
| influence of environmental factors on biodegradation of quinalphos by bacillus thuringiensis. | the extensive and intensive uses of organophosphorus insecticide-quinalphos in agriculture, pose a health hazard to animals, humans, and environment because of its persistence in the soil and crops. however, there is no much information available on the biodegradation of quinalphos by the soil micro-organisms, which play a significant role in detoxifying pesticides in the environment; so research is initiated in biodegradation of quinalphos. | 2017 | 28316900 |
| cry1a(b)16 toxin from bacillus thuringiensis: theoretical refinement of three-dimensional structure and prediction of peptides as molecular markers for detection of genetically modified organisms. | transgenic maize produced by the insertion of the cry transgene into its genome became the second most cultivated crop worldwide. cry gene from bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki expresses protein derivatives of crystalline endotoxins which confer insect resistance onto the maize crop. mandatory labeling of processed food containing or made by genetically modified organisms is in force in many countries, so, it is very urgent to develop fast and practical methods for gmo identification, e.g., biose ... | 2017 | 28316108 |
| occurrence, leaching, and degradation of cry1ab protein from transgenic maize detritus in agricultural streams. | the insecticidal cry1ab protein expressed by transgenic (bt) maize can enter adjacent water bodies via multiple pathways, but its fate in stream ecosystems is not as well studied as in terrestrial systems. in this study, we used a combination of field sampling and laboratory experiments to examine the occurrence, leaching, and degradation of soluble cry1ab protein derived from bt maize in agricultural streams. we surveyed 11 agricultural streams in northwestern indiana, usa, on 6 dates that enco ... | 2017 | 28314135 |
| the detection and quantification of bacillus thuringiensis spores from soil and swabs using quantitative pcr as a model system for routine diagnostics of bacillus anthracis. | to optimize the dna isolation for the routine detection and quantification of bacillary spores in soil and swabs. the procedure is primarily intended for diagnostics of bacillus anthracis spores, but due to its high pathogenicity b. thuringiensis served as its surrogate organism. | 2017 | 28294483 |
| microbial pest control agents: are they a specific and safe tool for insect pest management? | microorganisms (viruses, bacteria and fungi) or their bioactive agents can be used as active substances and therefore are referred as microbial pest control agents (mpca). they are used as alternative strategies to chemical insecticides to counteract the development of resistances and to reduce adverse effects on both environment and human health. these natural entomopathogenic agents, which have specific modes of action, are generally considered safer as compared to conventional chemical insect ... | 2017 | 28292241 |
| in vivo crystallization of three-domain cry toxins. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) is the most successful, environmentally-friendly, and intensively studied microbial insecticide. the major characteristic of bt is the production of proteinaceous crystals containing toxins with specific activity against many pests including dipteran, lepidopteran, and coleopteran insects, as well as nematodes, protozoa, flukes, and mites. these crystals allow large quantities of the protein toxins to remain stable in the environment until ingested by a susceptible ho ... | 2017 | 28282927 |
| complete genome sequences of bacillus phages dirtybetty and kida. | we report here the genome sequences of two bacteriophages of the bacillus cereus group, dirtybetty and kida. these bacteriophages are double-stranded dna-containing myoviridae isolated from soil samples using bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki as their host bacteria. | 2017 | 28280018 |
| the within-host dynamics of infection in trans-generationally primed flour beetles. | many taxa exhibit plastic immune responses initiated after primary microbial exposure that provide increased protection against disease-induced mortality and the fitness costs of infection. in several arthropod species, this protection can even be passed from parents to offspring through a phenomenon called trans-generational immune priming. here, we first demonstrate that trans-generational priming is a repeatable phenomenon in flour beetles (tribolium castaneum) primed and infected with bacill ... | 2017 | 28277618 |
| rna interference knockdown of aminopeptidase n genes decrease the susceptibility of chilo suppressalis larvae to cry1ab/cry1ac and cry1ca-expressing transgenic rice. | transgenic rice expressing bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cry toxins are resistant to lepidopteran pests, such as chilo suppressalis, a major insect pest of rice in asia. understanding how these toxins interact with their hosts is crucial to understanding their insecticidal action. in this study, knockdown of two aminopeptidase n genes (apn1 and apn2) by rna interference resulted in decreased susceptibility of c. suppressalis larvae to the bt rice varieties tt51 (cry1ab and cry1ac fusion genes) and ... | 2017 | 28274717 |
| fitness of bt-resistant cabbage loopers on bt-cotton plants. | development of resistance to the insecticidal toxins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) in insects is the major threat to the continued success of transgenic bt-crops in agriculture. the fitness of bt-resistant insects on bt- and non-bt-plants is a key parameter that determines the development of bt-resistance in insect populations. in this study, a comprehensive analysis of the fitness of bt-resistant trichoplusia ni strains on bt-cotton leaves was conducted. the bt-resistant t. ni strains carrie ... | 2017 | 28273400 |
| fusarium verticillioides and fumonisin contamination in bt and non-bt maize cultivated in brazil. | fusarium verticillioides is one of the main pathogens of maize, causing ear and stalk rots. this fungus is also able to produce high levels of fumonisins, which have been linked to various illnesses in humans and animals. previous studies have shown that maize hybrids genetically modified with the cry genes from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) presented lower incidence of f. verticillioides and fumonisin levels, presumably through the reduction of insects, which could act as vectors of ... | 2017 | 28265970 |
| knockdown of the mapk p38 pathway increases the susceptibility of chilo suppressalis larvae to bacillus thuringiensis cry1ca toxin. | the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) produces a wide range of toxins that are effective against a number of insect pests. identifying the mechanisms responsible for resistance to bt toxin will improve both our ability to control important insect pests and our understanding of bacterial toxicology. in this study, we investigated the role of mapk pathways in resistance against cry1ca toxin in chilo suppressalis, an important lepidopteran pest of rice crops. we first cloned the full-length of ... | 2017 | 28262736 |
| quantification of bacillus thuringiensis vip3aa16 entomopathogenic toxin using its hemolytic activity. | vegetative insecticidal proteins produced by some bacillus thuringiensis strains are specifically toxic to different agricultural pests such as the polyphagous spodoptera and several other lepidopteran insects, but one of the major problems found in the use of these biopesticides was the lack of an easy and credible method of quantification of such secreted toxins. heterologous expression of b. thuringiensis vip3aa16 toxin was performed in escherichia coli then the protein was purified by chroma ... | 2017 | 28260117 |
| construction of bacillus thuringiensis simulant strains suitable for environmental release. | for a surrogate bacterium to be used in outdoor studies, it is important to consider environmental and human safety, and ease of detection. recently, bacillus thuringiensis, a popular bioinsecticide bacterium, is gaining attention as a surrogate bacterium for its use in biodefense. in this study, we constructed simulant strains of b. thuringiensis with enhanced characteristics for environmental studies. through transposon mutagenesis, pigment genes were inserted into the chromosome, producing ye ... | 2017 | 28258144 |
| re-aerosolization of bacillus thuringiensis spores from concrete and turf. | spores of bacillus anthracis deposited on surfaces can become airborne again as a result of air currents and mechanical forces. as such they are a potential source of infection by inhalation. spores of bacillus thuringiensis were used to quantify this phenomenon in a simulation of outdoor conditions. concrete and turf surfaces were inoculated by aerosol to produce high spore densities (greater than 1 x 10(9) cfu m(-2) ) which were then subjected to the passage of air at 10 ms(-1) with and withou ... | 2017 | 28256003 |
| characterization of a bacillus thuringiensis chitinase that binds to cellulose and chitin. | bacillus thuringiensis is a gram-positive soil bacterium that is known to be a bacterial biopesticide that produces insecticidal proteins called crystal proteins (cry). in the insecticidal process, chitinases are suggested to perforate the peritrophic membrane barrier to facilitate the invasion of the cry proteins into epithelial membranes. a chitinase gene from b. thuringiensis was successfully expressed in a soluble form in escherichia coli, and the gene product was purified and characterized. ... | 2017 | 28244030 |
| bacillus thuringiensis: a successful insecticide with new environmental features and tidings. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) is known as the most successful microbial insecticide against different orders of insect pests in agriculture and medicine. moreover, bt toxin genes also have been efficiently used to enhance resistance to insect pests in genetically modified crops. in light of the scientific advantages of new molecular biology technologies, recently, some other new potentials of bt have been explored. these new environmental features include the toxicity against nematodes, mites, and ... | 2017 | 28235989 |
| possible insecticidal mechanisms mediated by immune-response-related cry-binding proteins in the midgut juice of plutella xylostella and spodoptera exigua. | cry toxins are insecticidal toxin proteins produced by a spore-forming gram-positive bacterium bacillus thuringiensis. interactions between the cry toxins and the receptors from midgut brush border membrane vesicles (bbmvs), such as cadherin, alkaline phosphatase, and aminopeptidase, are key steps for the specificity and insecticidal activity of cry proteins. however, little is known about the midgut juice proteins that may interfere with cry binding to the receptors. to validate the hypothesis ... | 2017 | 28231709 |
| vegetative insecticidal protein of bacillus thuringiensis blb459 and its efficiency against lepidoptera. | bacillus thuringiensis strain blb459 supernatant showed a promising activity against lepidopteran pests with extremely damages in the larvae midgut. investigations of the genes that encode secreted toxin demonstrated that this strain harbored a vip3-type gene named vip3(459). based on its original nucleotide and amino acid sequences, this gene was cloned into pet-14b vector and overexpressed in escherichia coli. the expressed protein was purified and tested against different insects and interest ... | 2017 | 28223048 |
| cloning and expression of cry2aa from native bacillus thuringiensis strain sy49-1 and its insecticidal activity against culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). | bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) (bt) is well known for having toxicity against pest insects because of their ability to form endospores and broad-range activity of their parasporal inclusions. in this study, a new member of cry2a gene from previously characterized native b. thuringiensis sy49-1 strain was cloned, expressed and used for its activity against culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae) larvae. the sequence analysis of the cloned cry2a gene revealed that it encodes a polypeptide of 633 aa ... | 2017 | 28215855 |
| laboratory selection and characterization of resistance to the bacillus thuringiensis vip3aa toxin in heliothis virescens (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | laboratory selection with vip3aa of a field-derived population of heliothis virescens produced >2040-fold resistance in 12 generations of selection. the vip-sel resistant population showed little cross-resistance to cry1ab and no cross-resistance to cry1ac. resistance was unstable after 15 generations without exposure to the toxin. f1 reciprocal crosses between vip-unsel and vip-sel indicated a strong paternal influence on the inheritance of resistance. resistance ranged from almost completely r ... | 2017 | 28213547 |
| review: biosafety assessment of bt rice and other bt crops using spiders as example for non-target arthropods in china. | since the birth of transgenic crops expressing bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxin for pest control, the public debate regarding ecological and environmental risks as well as benefits of bt crops has continued unabated. the impact of bt crops, especially on non-target invertebrates, has received particular attention. in this review, we summarize and analyze evidences for non-target effects of bt rice on spiders, major predators in rice fields. bt rice has been genetically modified to express the b ... | 2017 | 28210764 |
| impact of routine bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (bti) treatment on the availability of flying insects as prey for aerial feeding predators. | since 1980, mosquito breeding habitats in the upper rhine valley were routinely treated with bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti). bti is considered to significantly reduce the number of mosquitoes, and - especially when used in higher dosages - to be toxic to other nematocera species, e.g. chironomidae, which could be food sources for aerial feeding predators. to investigate direct and indirect effects of routine bti treatment on food sources for aerial feeding predators, the availabil ... | 2017 | 28202094 |
| next-generation transgenic cotton: pyramiding rnai and bt counters insect resistance. | transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) are extensively cultivated worldwide. to counter rapidly increasing pest resistance to crops that produce single bt toxins, transgenic plant 'pyramids' producing two or more bt toxins that kill the same pest have been widely adopted. however, cross-resistance and antagonism between bt toxins limit the sustainability of this approach. here we describe development and testing of the first pyramids of co ... | 2017 | 28199783 |
| a large scale biorational approach using bacillus thuringiensis israeliensis (strain am65-52) for managing aedes aegypti populations to prevent dengue, chikungunya and zika transmission. | aedes aegypti is a container-inhabiting mosquito and a vector of dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses. in 2009 several cases of autochthonous dengue transmission were reported in key west, florida, usa prompting a comprehensive response to control a. aegypti. in key west, larvae of this mosquito develop in containers around human habitations which can be numerous and labor intensive to find and treat. aerial applications of larvicide covering large areas in a short time can be an efficient and ... | 2017 | 28199323 |
| bacillus spp. isolated from puba as a source of biosurfactants and antimicrobial lipopeptides. | several products of industrial interest are produced by bacillus, including enzymes, antibiotics, amino acids, insecticides, biosurfactants and bacteriocins. this study aimed to investigate the potential of two bacterial isolates (p5 and c3) from puba, a regional fermentation product from cassava, to produce multiple substances with antimicrobial and surface active properties. phylogenetic analyses showed close relation of isolates p5 and c3 with bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus thuringie ... | 2017 | 28197131 |
| emergence of multi drug resistance among soil bacteria exposing to insecticides. | impacts of pesticide exposure on the soil microbial flora and cross resistance to antibiotics have not been well documented. development of antibiotic resistance is a common issue among soil bacteria which are exposing to pesticides continuously at sub-lethal concentration. the present study was focused to evaluate the correlation between pesticide exposures and evolution of multi drug resistance among isolates collected from soil applied with insecticides. twenty five insecticide (monochrotopho ... | 2017 | 28192223 |
| comparison of sampling methods to recover germinated bacillus anthracis and bacillus thuringiensis endospores from surface coupons. | in an attempt to devise decontamination methods that are both effective and minimally detrimental to the environment, we evaluated germination induction as an enhancement to strategies for bacillus anthracis spore decontamination. to determine an optimal method for the recovery of germinating spores from different matrices, it was critical to ensure that the sampling procedures did not negatively impact the viability of the germinating spores possibly confounding the results and downstream analy ... | 2017 | 28191745 |
| expression of bacillus thuringiensis cytolytic toxin (cyt2ca1) in citrus roots to control diaprepes abbreviatus larvae. | diaprepes abbreviatus (l.) is an important pest of citrus in the usa. currently, no effective management strategies of d. abbreviatus exist in citriculture, and new methods of control are desperately sought. to protect citrus against d. abbreviatus a transgenic citrus rootstock expressing bacillus thuringiensis cyt2ca1, an insect toxin protein, was developed using agrobacterium-mediated transformation of 'carrizo' citrange [citrus sinensis (l) osbeck poncirus trifoliate (l) raf]. the transgenic ... | 2017 | 28187824 |
| levels of insecticide resistance to deltamethrin, malathion, and temephos, and associated mechanisms in aedes aegypti mosquitoes from the guadeloupe and saint martin islands (french west indies). | in the guadeloupe and saint martin islands, aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the only recognized vectors of dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses. for around 40 years, malathion was used as a mosquito adulticide and temephos as a larvicide. since the european union banned the use of these two insecticide molecules in the first decade of the 21st century, deltamethrin and bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis are the remaining adulticide and larvicide, respectively, used in guadeloupe. in order to ... | 2017 | 28187780 |
| environmental safety review of methoprene and bacterially-derived pesticides commonly used for sustained mosquito control. | some pesticides are applied directly to aquatic systems to reduce numbers of mosquito larvae (larvicides) and thereby reduce transmission of pathogens that mosquitoes vector to humans and wildlife. sustained, environmentally-safe control of larval mosquitoes is particularly needed for highly productive waters (e.g., catchment basins, water treatment facilities, septic systems), but also for other habitats to maintain control and reduce inspection costs. common biorational pesticides include the ... | 2017 | 28187397 |
| responses of the cutworm spodoptera litura (lepidoptera: noctuidae) to two bt corn hybrids expressing cry1ab. | to examine the responses of the secondary lepidopteran pest spodoptera litura to two bacillus thuringiensis (bt) corn hybrids [5422bt1 (event bt11), 5422cbcl (mon810)] expressing cry1ab, larval bioassays with cry1ab toxin, corn leaves or kernels and bagging on corn plants were conducted. the results showed that larvae displayed a similar performance when fed kernels, but not leaves of 5422bt1, 5422cbcl and their near-isogenic non-bt corn (5422). significantly higher cry1ab amounts were detected ... | 2017 | 28186125 |
| recombinant bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd73 strain that synthesizes cry1ac and chimeric chia74∆sp chitinase inclusions. | in this study, the endochitinase chia74 gene lacking its secretion signal peptide sequence (chia74∆sp) was fused in frame with the sequence coding for the c-terminal crystallization domain and transcription terminator of cry1ac. the chimeric gene was expressed under the strong pcyta-p/stab-sd promoter system in an acrystalliferous cry(-)b strain of bacillus thuringiensis and b. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd73. we showed that the chimeric chia74∆sp produced amorphous inclusions in both cry(-)b ... | 2017 | 28184966 |
| variation among conventional cultivars could be used as a criterion for environmental safety assessment of bt rice on nontarget arthropods. | the current difficulty facing risk evaluations of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) crops on nontarget arthropods (ntas) is the lack of criteria for determining what represents unacceptable risk. in this study, we investigated the biological parameters in the laboratory and field population abundance of nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae) on two bt rice lines and the non-bt parent, together with 14 other conventional rice cultivars. significant difference were found in nymphal duration and fec ... | 2017 | 28167821 |
| regulation by gut bacteria of immune response, bacillus thuringiensis susceptibility and hemolin expression in plodia interpunctella. | plodia interpunctella (hübner) is an important stored grain insect pest worldwide, and the first lepidopteran with reported resistance to bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxins. since gut bacteria may affect bt insecticidal activity, we evaluated whether p. interpunctella lacking gut bacteria had differences in immune responses and susceptibility to the bt formulation, bactospeine. in order to clear gut bacteria, third instar larvae were reared on artificial diet containing antibiotics, or were obta ... | 2017 | 28167070 |
| genome sequences of bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki strain bp865 and b. thuringiensis serovar aizawai strain hd-133. | we report the draft genome sequences of two insecticidal strains against lepidopteran pests, bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki strain bp865, an isolate from the south korean phylloplane, and strain hd-133, a reference strain of b. thuringiensis serovar aizawai. | 2017 | 28153898 |
| bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus weihenstephanensis inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic verticillium species. | verticillium wilt causes severe yield losses in a broad range of economically important crops worldwide. as many soil fumigants have a severe environmental impact, new biocontrol strategies are needed. members of the genus bacillus are known as plant growth-promoting bacteria (pgpb) as well as biocontrol agents of pests and diseases. in this study, we isolated 267 bacillus strains from root-associated soil of field-grown tomato plants. we evaluated the antifungal potential of 20 phenotypically d ... | 2016 | 28149292 |
| comparisons of transcriptional profiles of gut genes between cry1ab-resistant and susceptible strains of ostrinia nubilalis revealed genes possibly related to the adaptation of resistant larvae to transgenic cry1ab corn. | a microarray developed on the basis of 2895 unique transcripts from larval gut was used to compare gut gene expression profiles between a laboratory-selected cry1ab-resistant (r) strain and its isoline susceptible (s) strain of the european corn borer (ostrinia nubilalis) after the larvae were fed the leaves of transgenic corn (mon810) expressing cry1ab or its non-transgenic isoline for 6 h. we revealed 398 gut genes differentially expressed (i.e., either up- or down-regulated genes with express ... | 2017 | 28146087 |
| pest management through bacillus thuringiensis (bt) in a tea-silkworm ecosystem: status and potential prospects. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) is a soil bacterium that forms spores containing crystals comprising one or more cry or cyt proteins having potential and specific insecticidal activity. different strains of bt produce different types of toxins, affecting a narrow taxonomic group of insects. therefore, it is used in non-chemical pest management, including inherent pest resistance through gm crops. the specificity of action of bt toxins reduces the concern of adverse effects on non-target species, a c ... | 2017 | 28144706 |
| no effect of bt cry1ie toxin on bacterial diversity in the midgut of the chinese honey bees, apis cerana cerana (hymenoptera, apidae). | cry1ie protein derived from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) has been proposed as a promising candidate for the development of a new bt-maize variety to control maize pests in china. we studied the response of the midgut bacterial community of apis cerana cerana to cry1ie toxin under laboratory conditions. newly emerged bees were fed one of the following treatments for 15 and 30 days: three concentrations of cry1ie toxin (20 ng/ml, 200 ng/ml, and 20 μg/ml) in sugar syrup, pure sugar syrup as a negati ... | 2017 | 28139751 |
| translocation of bacillus thuringiensis in phaseolus vulgaris tissues and vertical transmission in arabidopsis thaliana. | to demonstrate the ability of bacillus thuringiensis to penetrate as spore-crystal complex to the internal tissues of bean plants, and keep its insecticidal activity. to test the vertical transmission of the spore-crystal complex in arabidopsis thaliana. | 2017 | 28129468 |
| resistance to bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry2ab and survival on single-toxin and pyramided cotton in cotton bollworm from china. | evolution of helicoverpa armigera resistance to bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cotton producing cry1ac is progressing in northern china, and replacement of cry1ac cotton by pyramided bt cotton has been considered to counter such resistance. here, we investigated four of the eight conditions underlying success of the refuge strategy for delaying resistance to cry1ac+cry2ab cotton, a pyramid that has been used extensively against h. armigera outside china. laboratory bioassays of a cry2ab-selected st ... | 2017 | 28127393 |