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dietary supplementation of probiotics affects growth, immune response and disease resistance of cyprinus carpio fry.the effects of dietary bacillus coagulans (mtcc 9872), bacillus licheniformis (mtcc 6824) and paenibacillus polymyxa (mtcc 122) supplementation on growth performance, non-specific immunity and protection against aeromonas hydrophila infection were evaluated in common carp, cyprinus carpio fry. laboratory maintained b. coagulans, b. licheniformis and p. polymyxa were used to study antagonistic activity against fish pathogenic bacteria by agar well diffusion assay. healthy fish fry were challenged ...201425160796
immunomodulation of antiretroviral drug-suppressed chronic hiv-1 infection in an oral probiotic double-blind placebo-controlled trial.a putative source of inappropriate immune activation that drives human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1 immunopathogenesis is the gastrointestinal tract. even with effective antiretroviral treatment, residual activation persists. we hypothesized that an oral probiotic could improve the residual immune activation in chronic treated hiv-1 infection, and tested a bacillus coagulans gbi-30, 6086 capsule probiotic in hiv-1-infected persons with suppressed viremia on stable antiretroviral therapy in a 3 ...201425127924
the efficacy of a synbiotic containing bacillus coagulans in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a synbiotic containing bacillus coagulans in treatment of ibs.201425120896
evaluation of high-intensity ultrasonication for the inactivation of endospores of 3 bacillus species in nonfat milk.endospores of bacillus licheniformis [american type culture collection (atcc) 6634], bacillus coagulans (atcc 12245), and geobacillus stearothermophilus (atcc 15952) were spiked in sterile nonfat milk, and subjected to high intensity batch ultrasonication treatment at different amplitudes (80 or 100%) and durations (1 to 10 min). increasing the amplitude from 80 to 100% did not result in enhanced inactivation of g. stearothermophilus endospores. however, an increase in the duration of ultrasonic ...201425087024
inactivation of bacillus spores inoculated in milk by ultra high pressure homogenization.ultra high-pressure homogenization treatments at 300 mpa with inlet temperatures (ti) of 55, 65, 75 and 85 °c were applied to commercial ultra high temperature treated whole milk inoculated with bacillus cereus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus sporothermodurans, bacillus coagulans, geobacillus stearothermophilus and bacillus subtilis spores in order to evaluate the inactivation level achieved. ultra high-pressure homogenization conditions at 300 mpa with ti = 75 and 85 °c were capable of a spor ...201425084664
betaine and beet molasses enhance l-lactic acid production by bacillus coagulans.lactic acid is an important chemical with various industrial applications, and it can be efficiently produced by fermentation, in which bacillus coagulans strains present excellent performance. betaine can promote lactic acid fermentation as an effective osmoprotectant. here, positive effect of betaine on fermentation by b. coagulans is revealed. betaine could enhance lactic acid production by protecting l-ldh activity and cell growth from osmotic inhibition, especially under high glucose concen ...201424956474
enhanced l-lactic acid production from biomass-derived xylose by a mutant bacillus coagulans.xylose effective utilization is crucial for production of bulk chemicals from low-cost lignocellulosic substrates. in this study, an efficient l-lactate production process from xylose by a mutant bacillus coagulans nl-cc-17 was demonstrated. the nutritional requirements for l-lactate production by b. coagulans nl-cc-17 were optimized statistically in shake flask fermentations. corn steep liquor powder and yeast exact were identified as the most significant factors by the two-level plackett-burma ...201424879598
a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial on efficacy and safety of association of simethicone and bacillus coagulans (colinox®) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) is a chronic gastrointestinal (gi) disorder that affects 15-20% of the western population.201424867512
improving lactic acid productivity from wheat straw hydrolysates by membrane integrated repeated batch fermentation under non-sterilized conditions.bacillus coagulans ipe22 was used to produce lactic acid (la) from mixed sugar and wheat straw hydrolysates, respectively. all fermentations were conducted under non-sterilized conditions and sodium hydroxide was used as neutralizing agent to avoid the production of insoluble caso4. in order to eliminate the sequential utilization of mixed sugar and feedback inhibition during batch fermentation, membrane integrated repeated batch fermentation (mirb) was used to improve la productivity. with mirb ...201424811443
axone, an ethnic probiotic containing food, reduces age of sexual maturity and increases poultry production.axone (akhuni) is a homemade synbiotic (nagamese fermented soybean product) served as side dish in north eastern india. in this study, effects of axone feeding on growth, weight gain, sexual maturity and egg production on vanaraja birds (a strain of poultry bird developed at pdp hyderabad for villages and backyard poultry) were evaluated. axone incorporation in commercial poultry feed at the rate of 5% (w/w) significantly improved growth rate (weight gain) both in male (p 0.001) and female (p 0. ...201424801640
efficient calcium lactate production by fermentation coupled with crystallization-based in situ product removal.lactic acid is a platform chemical with various industrial applications, and its derivative, calcium lactate, is an important food additive. fermentation coupled with in situ product removal (ispr) can provide more outputs with high productivity. the method used in this study was based on calcium lactate crystallization. three cycles of crystallization were performed during the fermentation course using a bacillus coagulans strain h-1. as compared to fed-batch fermentation, this method showed 1. ...201424780270
predicting bacillus coagulans spores inactivation in tomato pulp under nonisothermal heat treatments.the knowledge and understanding of bacillus coagulans inactivation during a thermal treatment in tomato pulp, as well as the influence of temperature variation during thermal processes are essential for design, calculation, and optimization of the process. the aims of this work were to predict b. coagulans spores inactivation in tomato pulp under varying time-temperature profiles with gompertz-inspired inactivation model and to validate the model's predictions by comparing the predicted values w ...201424712665
an efficient process for lactic acid production from wheat straw by a newly isolated bacillus coagulans strain ipe22.a thermophilic lactic acid (la) producer was isolated and identified as bacillus coagulans strain ipe22. the strain showed remarkable capability to ferment pentose, hexose and cellobiose, and was also resistant to inhibitors from lignocellulosic hydrolysates. based on the strain's promising features, an efficient process was developed to produce la from wheat straw. the process consisted of biomass pretreatment by dilute sulfuric acid and subsequent sscf (simultaneous saccharification and co-fer ...201424679663
analysis of the interaction between bacillus coagulans and bacillus thuringiensis s-layers and calcium ions by xrd, light microscopy, and ftir.s-layer is a self-assemble regularly crystalline surface that covers major cell wall component of many bacteria and archaea and exhibits a high metal-binding capacity. we have studied the effect of the calcium ions and type of solid support (glass or mica) on the structure of the s-layers from bacillus coagulans hn-68 and bacillus thuringiensis mh14 upon simple methods based on light microscopy and afm. furthermore, the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir) study is indicated that the c ...201424639088
genomic analysis of thermophilic bacillus coagulans strains: efficient producers for platform bio-chemicals.microbial strains with high substrate efficiency and excellent environmental tolerance are urgently needed for the production of platform bio-chemicals. bacillus coagulans has these merits; however, little genetic information is available about this species. here, we determined the genome sequences of five b. coagulans strains, and used a comparative genomic approach to reconstruct the central carbon metabolism of this species to explain their fermentation features. a novel xylose isomerase in t ...201424473268
extracellular protease from bacillus coagulans, a psychrotrophic, antarctic bacterium.bacillus coagulans, when grown on casein at 20°c, produced an inducible, metalloprotease of 28 kda at 1.6 u/mg cell protein. (nh4)2so4 at 2 g/l decreased enzyme production irrespective of carbon source.199424421030
kinetic characterization of recombinant bacillus coagulans fdp-activated l-lactate dehydrogenase expressed in escherichia coli and its substrate specificity.bacillus coagulans is a homofermentative, acid-tolerant and thermophilic sporogenic lactic acid bacterium, which is capable of producing high yields of optically pure lactic acid. the l-(+)-lactate dehydrogenase (l-ldh) from b. coagulans is considered as an ideal biocatalyst for industrial production. in this study, the gene ldhl encoding a thermostable l-ldh was amplified from b. coagulans nl01 genomic dna and successfully expressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3). the recombinant enzyme was par ...201424412354
[high-efficiency l-lactate production from glycerol by metabolically engineered escherichia coli].high-efficient conversion of glycerol to l-lactate is beneficial for the development of both oil hydrolysis industry and biodegradable materials manufacturing industry. in order to construct an l-lactate producer, we first cloned a coding region of gene bcoaldh encoding an l-lactate dehydrogenase from bacillus coagulans cicim b1821 and the promoter sequence (p(ldha)) of the d-lactate dehydrogenase (ldha) from escherichia coli cicim b0013. then we assembled these two dna fragments in vitro and yi ...201324409690
effect of bacterial cell-free supernatants on infectivity of norovirus surrogates.bacterial metabolic products were evaluated for inhibitory effects on viral propagation in cell culture. cell-free supernatants (cfs) were prepared from growth of enterococcus faecalis atcc 19433, pseudomonas fluorescens atcc 13525, escherichia coli 08, staphylococcus epidermidis atcc 12228, bacillus subtilis 168, bacillus coagulans 185a, b. coagulans 7050, clostridium sporogenes pa3679, and a commercial probiotic mixture of lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus rhamnosus, bifidobacterium bif ...201424406013
bacillus coagulans tolerance to 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids in aqueous and solid-state thermophilic culture.the use of ionic liquids (ils) to disrupt the recalcitrant structure of lignocellulose and make polysaccharides accessible to hydrolytic enzymes is an emerging technology for biomass pretreatment in lignocellulosic biofuel production. despite efforts to reclaim and recycle il from pretreated biomass, residual il can be inhibitory to microorganisms used for downstream fermentation. as a result, pathways for il tolerance are needed to improve the activity of fermentative organisms in the presence ...201424376258
efficient production of l-lactic acid using co-feeding strategy based on cane molasses/glucose carbon sources.l-lactic acid is an important platform chemical, which ought to be produced under cost control to meet its huge demand. cane molasses, a waste from sugar manufacturing processes, is hopeful to be utilized as a cheap carbon source for l-lactic acid fermentation. considering that cane molasses contains nutrients and hazardous substances, efficient production of l-lactic acid was developed by using a co-feeding strategy based on the utilization of cane molasses/glucose carbon sources. based on the ...201424333698
open fermentative production of l-lactic acid with high optical purity by thermophilic bacillus coagulans using excess sludge as nutrient.the development of a low-cost polymer-grade l-lactic acid production process was achieved in this study. excess sludge hydrolyzate (esh) was chosen as nutrient source for the objective of reducing nutrient cost in lactic acid production. 1% of esh had high performance in lactic acid production relative to 2g/l yeast extract (ye) while the production cost of esh was much lower than that of ye, indicating esh was a promising substitute of ye. by employing a thermophilic strain of bacillus coagulan ...201424201025
isolation of thermophilic l-lactic acid producing bacteria showing homo-fermentative manner under high aeration condition.by applying non-sterile open fermentation of food waste, various thermotolerant l-lactic acid-producing bacteria were isolated and identified. the predominant bacterial isolates showing higher accumulation of l-lactic acid belong to 3 groups of bacillus coagulans, according to their 16s rrna gene sequence similarities. b. coagulans strains m21 and m36 produced high amounts of l-lactic acid of high optical purity and lactic acid selectivity in model kitchen refuse medium and glucose-yeast extract ...201424119530
crystallization and preliminary x-ray study of a (2r,3r)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase from bacillus coagulans 2-6.(2r,3r)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (r,r-bdh) from bacillus coagulans 2-6 is a zinc-dependent medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenase. recombinant r,r-bdh with a his6 tag at the c-terminus was expressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3) cells and purified by ni2+-chelating affinity and size-exclusion chromatography. crystals were grown by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method at 289 k. the crystallization condition consisted of 8%(v/v) tacsimate ph 4.6, 18%(w/v) polyethylene glycol 3350. the crystal ...201324100567
synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel 3,5-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazole incorporated 2-mercaptobenzothiazoles.several 2-mercaptobenzothiazole derivatives 5a-i containing 1,2,4-triazole moiety incorporating two additional substituents were synthesized. all the newly synthesized compounds were tested for in vitro activity against certain strains of bacteria such as enterococcus faecalis, bacillus coagulans, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli and candida albicans. compound 5a showed significant activity against the gram-negative bacteria escherichia coli. compounds 5a-i were also screened for their a ...201224061354
clinical study of bacillus coagulans unique is-2 (atcc pta-11748) in the treatment of patients with bacterial vaginosis.bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the most prevalent vaginal infection worldwide and is characterized by reduction of native lactobacilli. antimicrobial therapy used to cure the disease is often found to be ineffective. we postulate that bacillus coagulans unique is-2 (unique biotech limited, india) might provide an appendage to antimicrobial treatment and improve curing rate. in the present study 40 indian women diagnosed with bv by the presence of symptoms including white discharge, ph greater than ...201223997330
combined effects of carbonation with heating and fatty acid esters on inactivation and growth inhibition of various bacillus spores.the effects of carbonation treatment (1 to 5 mpa, 30 min) plus heat treatment (30 to 80°c, 30 min) in the presence of various fatty acid esters (faes; 0.05 and 0.1%, wt/vol) on counts of viable bacillus subtilis spores were investigated. faes or carbonation alone had no inactivation or growth inhibition effects on b. subtilis spores. however, carbonation plus heat (ch; 80°c, 5 mpa, 30 min) in the presence of mono- and diglycerol fatty acid esters markedly decreased counts of viable spores, and t ...201323992501
a novel production process for optically pure l-lactic acid from kitchen refuse using a bacterial consortium at high temperatures.we investigated l-lactic acid production in static batch fermentation of kitchen refuse using a bacterial consortium from marine-animal-resource (mar) composts at temperatures ranging from 30 to 65 °c. at relatively low temperatures butyric acid accumulated, whereas at higher temperatures l-lactic acid was produced. in particular, fermentation at 50 °c produced 34.5 g l(-1) l-lactic acid with 90% lactic acid selectivity and 100% optical purity. denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis indicated t ...201323978480
probiotics for the treatment of clostridium difficile associated disease.the purpose of this review paper is to update the current and potential future role of probiotics for clostridium difficile-associated disease (cdad). included in this review, is an update on the testing of newer probiotics (e.g., bacillus coagulans gbi-30, 6086) in animal models of cdad. there is a focus on the modulation of signal transduction pathways (i.e., transcription factors like camp response element-binding, activator protein 1, and nuclear factor kappa b), as well as the inhibition of ...201323946887
methods for inhibition of residual lipase activity in colorimetric assay: a comparative study.a comparative study of various treatments for inhibition of the residual activity of a lipase (obtained from bacillus coagulans mtcc-6375) in a colorimetric assay using p-nitrophenyl palmitate (pnpp) was made. direct chilling of contents of reaction mixture or addition of chilled mixture of ethanol : acetone (1:1) decreased the residual lipase activity by 94.0 and 95.0% respectively, as compared to lipase incubated at 45 degrees c for 20 min (control). amongst various ionic and non-ionic deterge ...200523923547
inoculation of pichia kudriavzevii rb1 degrades the organic acids present in raw compost material and accelerates composting.in this study, the yeast strain pichia kudriavzevii rb1 was used as an inoculum to accelerate organic matter degradation of rabbit food with added organic acids, which was used as a model food waste for composting. the rb1 strain rapidly degraded the organic acids present in the raw compost material, leading to an increase in ph beyond the neutral level, within 2 days. both mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria proliferated faster in the compost with rb1 inoculation than in that without inoculati ...201323886646
bacteremia in patients with acute pancreatitis as revealed by 16s ribosomal rna gene-based techniques*.to define the characteristic of bacteremia in patients with acute pancreatitis and determine its possible association with the disease severity.201323863226
bacteremia in the patients with acute pancreatitis as revealed by 16s ribosomal rna gene-based techniques.objectives:: to define the characteristic of bacteremia in the patients with acute pancreatitis and determine its possible association with the disease severity. design:: a prospective controlled study. setting:: icu of jinling hospital, china. patients:: a total of 48 patients with mild or severe acute pancreatitis were enrolled in this study. interventions:: none. measurements and main results:: samples of peripheral blood were collected from the patients at 4 or 5 and 9 or 10 days after acute ...201323764972
genome sequences of two morphologically distinct and thermophilic bacillus coagulans strains, h-1 and xzl9.two thermophilic bacillus coagulans strains, h-1 and xzl9, both of which were isolated from soils, have different morphological properties. strain xzl9 but not h-1 is an efficient pentose-utilizing producer of important platform compounds, such as l-lactic acid and 2,3-butanediol. here we announce the 2.86- and 3.43-mb sequences of their genomes.201323682151
structure and dynamics of the bacterial communities in fermentation of the traditional chinese post-fermented pu-erh tea revealed by 16s rrna gene clone library.microbes are thought to have key roles in the development of the special properties of post-fermented pu-erh tea (pu-erh shucha), a well-known traditional chinese tea; however, little is known about the bacteria during the fermentation. in this work, the structure and dynamics of the bacterial community involved in the production of pu-erh shucha were investigated using 16s rrna gene clone libraries constructed from samples collected on days zero (ld-0), 5 (ld-5), 10 (ld-10), 15 (ld-15) and 20 ( ...201323591759
conversion of acid hydrolysate of oil palm empty fruit bunch to l-lactic acid by newly isolated bacillus coagulans ji12.cost-effective conversion of lignocellulose hydrolysate to optically pure lactic acid is commercially attractive but very challenging. bacillus coagulans ji12 was isolated from natural environment and used to produce l-lactic acid (optical purity > 99.5 %) from lignocellulose sugars and acid hydrolysate of oil palm empty fruit bunch (efb) at 50 °c and ph 6.0 without sterilization of the medium. in fed-batch fermentation with 85 g/l initial xylose and 55 g/l xylose added after 7.5 h, 137.5 g/l la ...201323504058
highly efficient production of l-lactic acid from xylose by newly isolated bacillus coagulans c106.cost-effective production of optically pure lactic acid from lignocellulose sugars is commercially attractive but challenging. bacillus coagulans c106 was isolated from environment and used to produce l-lactic acid from xylose at 50°c and ph 6.0 in mineral salts medium containing 1-2% (w/v) of yeast extract without sterilizing the medium before fermentation. in batch fermentation with 85g/l of xylose, lactic acid titer and productivity reached 83.6g/l and 7.5g/lh, respectively. when fed-batch (1 ...201323399496
efficient production of l-lactic acid by newly isolated thermophilic bacillus coagulans wcp10-4 with high glucose tolerance.a thermophilic bacillus coagulans wcp10-4 with tolerance to high concentration of glucose was isolated from soil and used to produce optically pure l-lactic acid from glucose and starch. in batch fermentation at ph 6.0, 240 g/l of glucose was completely consumed giving 210 g/l of l-lactic acid with a yield of 95 % and a productivity of 3.5 g/l/h. in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation at 50 °c without sterilizing the medium, 200 g/l of corn starch was completely consumed producing 202 ...201323354450
potential probiotic thermophiles isolated from mice after compost ingestion.the oral administration of a compost produced by the fermentation of marine animals with thermophiles confers health benefits for fish and pigs. this study aimed to isolate the beneficial bacteria from this compost that would modulate the physiological conditions of host animals.201323311468
jerusalem artichoke powder: a useful material in producing high-optical-purity l-lactate using an efficient sugar-utilizing thermophilic bacillus coagulans strain.jerusalem artichoke is a low-requirement crop, which does not interfere with food chain, and is a promising carbon source for industrial fermentation. microbial conversion of such a renewable raw material to useful products, such as lactic acid, is an important objective in industrial biotechnology. in this study, high-optical-purity l-lactate was efficiently produced from the hydrolysates of jerusalem artichoke powder by a thermophilic bacterium, bacillus coagulans xzl4. high l-lactate producti ...201323306126
functional analysis of the comk protein of bacillus coagulans.the genes for dna uptake and recombination in bacilli are commonly regulated by the transcriptional factor comk. we have identified a comk homologue in bacillus coagulans, an industrial relevant organism that is recalcitrant for transformation. introduction of b. coagulans comk gene under its own promoter region into bacillus subtilis comk strain results in low transcriptional induction of the late competence gene comga, but lacking bistable expression. the promoter regions of b. coagulans comk ...201323301076
evaluation of probiotic strains for development of fermented alisma canaliculatum and their effects on broiler chickens.the present study was conducted to select appropriate microbial strains for the development of fermented alisma canaliculatum a. br. et bouche (fac) feed additive and to examine their effects on broilers. in experiment 1, 16 strains of lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, bacillus subtilis, bacillus coagulans, and saccharomyces cerevisiae from the korean collection for type cultures (kctc) were evaluated. the strains were tested for their acid, bile, and heat ...201223155022
genome sequence of the thermophile bacillus coagulans hammer, the type strain of the species.here we announce a 3.0-mb assembly of the bacillus coagulans hammer strain, which is the type strain of the species within the genus bacillus. genomic analyses based on the sequence may provide insights into the phylogeny of the species and help to elucidate characteristics of the poorly studied strains of bacillus coagulans.201223105047
bacillus coagulans gbi-30, 6086 limits the recurrence of clostridium difficile-induced colitis following vancomycin withdrawal in mice.recently, we found that the probiotic strain bacillus coagulans gbi-30, 6086 (ganedenbc30) improved indices of clostridium difficile (c. difficile)-induced colitis in mice (fitzpatrick et al., gut pathogens, 2011). our goal was to determine if bc30 could also prevent the recurrence of c. difficile-induced colitis in mice, following initial treatment with vancomycin. during study days 0 through 5, mice were treated with antibiotics. on day 6, the c. difficile strain vpi 10463 was given by oro-gas ...201223088680
efficient non-sterilized fermentation of biomass-derived xylose to lactic acid by a thermotolerant bacillus coagulans nl01.xylose is the major pentose and the second most abundant sugar in lignocellulosic feedstock. its efficient utilization is regarded as a technical barrier to the commercial production of bulk chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass. this work aimed at evaluating the lactic acid production from the biomass-derived xylose using non-sterilized fermentation by bacillus coagulans nl01. a maximum lactic acid concentration of about 75 g/l was achieved from xylose of 100 g/l after 72 h batch fermentation. ...201223076574
colonization of probiotic bacteria and its impact on ornamental fish puntius conchonius.the present study was conducted to assess the establishment and effect of probiotic bacteria such as bacillus coagulans, bacillus mesentericus, and bifidobacterium infantis in the gut of freshwater ornamental fish puntius conchonius. postlarvae of 60 days old puntius conchonius divided in four experimental groups each with three replicates. t1, t2 and t3 groups were fed with bacillus coagulans, bacillus mesentericus and bifidobacterium infantis enriched copepod thermocyclops decipiens respective ...201223029902
thermal inactivation kinetics of bacillus coagulans spores in tomato juice.the thermal characteristics of the spores and vegetative cells of three strains of bacillus coagulans (atcc 8038, atcc 7050, and 185a) in tomato juice were evaluated. b. coagulans atcc 8038 was chosen as the target microorganism for thermal processing of tomato products due to its spores having the highest thermal resistance among the three strains. the thermal inactivation kinetics of b. coagulans atcc 8038 spores in tomato juice between 95 and 115°c were determined independently in two differe ...201222980006
heterologous expression and characterization of bacillus coagulans l-arabinose isomerase.bacillus coagulans has been of great commercial interest over the past decade owing to its strong ability of producing optical pure l: -lactic acid from both hexose and pentose sugars including l: -arabinose with high yield, titer and productivity under thermophilic conditions. the l: -arabinose isomerase (l-ai) from bacillus coagulans was heterologously over-expressed in escherichia coli. the open reading frame of the l-ai has 1,422 nucleotides encoding a protein with 474 amino acid residues. t ...201222806043
effect of temperature on continuous fermentative lactic acid (la) production and bacterial community, and development of la-producing uasb reactor.a frequently used fermentation manner in lactic acid (la) production, batch fermentation by pure cultures, has a limited practicability: low volumetric productivity and high energy consumption. in this study, continuous la fermentation was performed in a completely stirred tank reactor at 12h hrt, inoculated with anaerobic digester sludge. glucose (25 g cod/l) was used as a feedstock and temperature was increased from 35 to 60°c. la production significantly increased from 50°c, which was negligi ...201222750503
mode of action and safety of lactosporin, a novel antimicrobial protein produced by bacillus coagulans atcc 7050.to determine the mechanism of action of antimicrobial protein, lactosporin, against gardnerella vaginalis and to evaluate its safety in vitro.201222737982
complete genome sequence of a thermotolerant sporogenic lactic acid bacterium, bacillus coagulans strain 36d1.bacillus coagulans is a ubiquitous soil bacterium that grows at 50-55 °c and ph 5.0 and ferments various sugars that constitute plant biomass to l (+)-lactic acid. the ability of this sporogenic lactic acid bacterium to grow at 50-55 °c and ph 5.0 makes this organism an attractive microbial biocatalyst for production of optically pure lactic acid at industrial scale not only from glucose derived from cellulose but also from xylose, a major constituent of hemicellulose. this bacterium is also con ...201122675583
probiotic metabolites from bacillus coagulans ganedenbc30™ support maturation of antigen-presenting cells in vitro.to study the effects of probiotic metabolites on maturation stage of antigen-presenting immune cells.201222563167
α-glucosylated 6-gingerol: chemoenzymatic synthesis using α-glucosidase from halomonas sp. h11, and its physical properties.6-gingerol [(s)-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)decan-3-one] is a biologically active compound and is abundant in the rhizomes of ginger (zingiber officinale). it has some beneficial functions in healthcare, but its use is limited because of its insolubility in water and its heat-instability. to improve these physical properties, the glucosylation of 6-gingerol was investigated using α-glucosidases (ec. 3.2.1.20) from aspergillus niger, aspergillus nidulans abpu1, acremonium strictum, hal ...201222537860
addition of probiotics to norfloxacin does not improve efficacy in the prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized-controlled trial.spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp) may occur despite antibiotic prophylaxis. we investigated whether the addition of probiotics to norfloxacin enhances its efficacy in the prevention of sbp.201222522141
bacillus coagulans: monograph. 201222502625
effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus and plant growth promoting rhizomicroorganisms (pgpr's) on medicinal plant solanum viarum seedlings.a green house nursery study was conducted to assess the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus, glomus aggregatum and some plant growth promoting rhizomicrooganisms (pgpr's), bacillus coagulans and trichoderma harzianum, in soil and their consequent effect on growth, nutrition and content of secondary metabolities of solanum viarum seedlings. triple inoculation of g. aggregatum+b. coagulans+t. harzainum with solanum viarum in a green house nursery study resulted in maximum plant ...201122319872
Evolution of D-lactate dehydrogenase activity from glycerol dehydrogenase and its utility for D-lactate production from lignocellulose.Lactic acid, an attractive, renewable chemical for production of biobased plastics (polylactic acid, PLA), is currently commercially produced from food-based sources of sugar. Pure optical isomers of lactate needed for PLA are typically produced by microbial fermentation of sugars at temperatures below 40?°C. Bacillus coagulans produces L(+)-lactate as a primary fermentation product and grows optimally at 50?°C and pH 5, conditions that are optimal for activity of commercial fungal cellulases. T ...201122065761
Genome sequence of the thermophilic strain Bacillus coagulans XZL4, an efficient pentose-utilizing producer of chemicals.Bacillus coagulans XZL4 is an efficient pentose-utilizing producer of important platform compounds, such as l-lactic acid, 2,3-butanediol, and acetoin. Here we present a 2.8-Mb assembly of its genome. Simple and efficient carbohydrate metabolism systems, especially the transketolase/transaldolase pathway, make it possible to convert pentose sugars to products at high levels.201122038963
bacillus coagulans gbi-30 (bc30) improves indices of clostridium difficile-induced colitis in mice.abstract:201122014083
Characterization and identification of weissellicin Y and weissellicin M, novel bacteriocins produced by Weissella hellenica QU 13.Aims: To identify and characterize novel bacteriocins from Weissella hellenica QU 13. Methods and Results: Weissella hellenica QU 13, isolated from a barrel used to make Japanese pickles, produced two novel bacteriocins termed weissellicin Y and weissellicin M. The primary structures of weissellicins Y and M were determined, and their molecular masses were determined to be 4925·12 and 4968·40 Da, respectively. Analysis of the DNA sequence encoding the bacteriocins revealed that they were synth ...201222008177
identification and characterization of leucocyclicin q, a novel cyclic bacteriocin produced by leuconostoc mesenteroides tk41401.the culture supernatant of leuconostoc mesenteroides tk41401, isolated from japanese pickles, possessed antimicrobial activity against broad range of a bacterial genera and particularly strong activity against bacillus coagulans, the major contaminant of pickles. an antimicrobial peptide was purified in three chromatographic steps, and its molecular mass was determined to be 6,115.59 da by electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (esi-tof ms). the primary structure of this peptid ...201121948835
Applications of ß-gal-III isozyme from Bacillus coagulans RCS3, in lactose hydrolysis.Bacillus coagulans RCS3 isolated from hot water springs secreted five isozymes i.e. ß-gal I-V of ß-galactosidase. ß-gal III isozyme was purified using DEAE cellulose and Sephadex G 100 column chromatography. Its molecular weight characterization showed a single band at 315kD in Native PAGE, while two subunits of 50.1 and 53.7 kD in SDS PAGE. ß-Gal III had pH optima in the range of 6-7 and temperature optima at 65°C. It preferred nitro-aryl-ß-d-galactoside as substrate having K(m) of 4.16 mM with ...201121855568
kinetic modeling of sporulation and product formation in stationary phase by bacillus coagulans rk-02 vis-à-vis other bacilli.a logistic kinetic model was derived and validated to characterize the dynamics of a sporogenous bacterium in stationary phase with respect to sporulation and product formation. the kinetic constants as determined using this model are particularly important for describing intrinsic properties of a sporogenous bacterial culture in stationary phase. non-linear curve fitting of the experimental data into the mathematical model showed very good correlation with the predicted values for sporulation a ...201121852126
Antibacterial activity of different degree of hydrolysis of palm kernel expeller peptides against spore-forming and non-spore-forming bacteria.The goal of this study was to determine inhibitory effect of palm kernel expeller (PKE) peptides of different degree of hydrolysis (DH %) against spore-forming bacteria Bacillus cereus, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus stearothermophillus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Clostridium perfringens; and non-spore-forming bacteria Escherichia coli, Lisinibacillus sphaericus, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas a ...201121848644
survival and metabolic activity of the ganedenbc30 strain of bacillus coagulans in a dynamic in vitro model of the stomach and small intestine.we have investigated the survival and activity of ganedenbc30 during passage through the upper gastro-intestinal tract. ganedenbc30 was tested in a dynamic, validated, in vitro model of the stomach and small intestine (tim-1) on survival and its potential to aid in digestion of milk protein, lactose and fructose. the survival of ganedenbc30 was high (70%), although germination of the spores was minimal (<10%) under the conditions tested. survival of the strain in the presence of lactose and fruc ...201021831748
a comparative evaluation of probiotics on salivary mutans streptococci counts in indian children.probiotics and their effect on oral health have been a focus of numerous trials in recent times. no documented trials have been reported from developing countries such as india with its focus on probiotic use, especially in the paediatric population. the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of probiotics on salivary mutans streptococci (ms) counts of children using the two commercially and widely available preparations and to explore their anti-caries potential.201121806906
purification and partial elucidation of the structure of an antioxidant carbohydrate biopolymer from the probiotic bacterium bacillus coagulans rk-02.an exopolysaccharide (eps) was isolated from bacillus coagulans rk-02 and purified by size exclusion chromatography. the purified, homogeneous eps had an average molecular weight of ~3 × 10(4) da by comparison with fitc-labeled dextran standards. in vivo evaluations showed that, like other reported polysaccharides, this eps displayed significant antioxidant activity. ftir spectroscopy analysis showed the presence of hydroxy, carboxy, and a-glycosidic linkages and a mannose residue. gc analysis i ...201121800834
genome sequence of the thermophilic strain bacillus coagulans2-6, an efficient producer of high-optical-purity l-lactic acid.bacillus coagulans2-6 is an efficient producer of lactic acid. the genome of b. coagulans2-6 has the smallest genome among the members of the genus bacillusknown to date. the frameshift mutation at the start of the d-lactate dehydrogenase sequence might be responsible for the production of high-optical-purity l-lactic acid.201121705584
development and evaluation of intestinal targeted mucoadhesive microspheres of bacillus coagulans.background: intestinal targeted mucoadhesive microsphere of probiotics may provide numerous associated health benefits. aim: to develop mucoadhesive microspheres that will deliver viable probiotic cells into gut protectively against harsh environmental conditions of stomach for extended period. materials and methods: core mucoadhesive microspheres of bacillus coagulans were prepared using hypromellose, following coacervation and phase separation technique and were then coated with hypromellose p ...201121702732
formulation and evaluation of bacillus coagulans-loaded hypromellose mucoadhesive microspheres.development of a novel delivery system has been attempted to deliver viable probiotic cells into the gut for a prolonged period of time while maintaining high numbers of viable cells within the formulation throughout the shelf-life of the product and during the gastrointestinal transit. core mucoadhesive microspheres of bacillus coagulans were developed employing several grades of hypromellose, a mucoadhesive polymer, following coacervation and phase separation technique and were subsequently en ...201121674019
screening of species-specific lactic acid bacteria for veal calves multi-strain probiotic adjuncts.the selection of promising specific species of lactic acid bacteria with potential probiotic characteristics is of particular interest in producing multi species-specific probiotic adjuncts in veal calves rearing. the aim of the present work was to select and evaluate in vitro the functional activity of lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacterium longum and bacillus coagulans strains isolated from veal calves in order to assess their potential use as multi species-specific probiotics for veal calves. ...201121619939
efficient conversion of phenylpyruvic acid to phenyllactic acid by using whole cells of bacillus coagulans sdm.phenyllactic acid (pla), a novel antimicrobial compound with broad and effective antimicrobial activity against both bacteria and fungi, can be produced by many microorganisms, especially lactic acid bacteria. however, the concentration and productivity of pla have been low in previous studies. the enzymes responsible for conversion of phenylpyruvic acid (ppa) into pla are equivocal.201121533054
germination and inactivation of bacillus coagulans and alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris spores by high hydrostatic pressure treatment in buffer and tomato sauce.acidothermophilic bacteria like alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris and bacillus coagulans can cause spoilage of heat-processed acidic foods because they form spores with very high heat resistance and can grow at low ph. the objective of this work was to study the germination and inactivation of a. acidoterrestris and b. coagulans spores by high hydrostatic pressure (hp) treatment at temperatures up to 60°c and both at low and neutral ph. in a first experiment, spores suspended in buffers at ph 4.0 ...201121421274
one-year chronic oral toxicity with combined reproduction toxicity study of a novel probiotic, bacillus coagulans, as a food ingredient.some strains of bacillus coagulans can survive extremes of heat, stomach acid and bile acids, to which commonly consumed probiotics are susceptible. a toxicological safety assessment was published in 2009 on a proprietary preparation of b. coagulans - ganedenbc(30)™ - a novel probiotic. it was concluded that ganedenbc(30)™ is safe for chronic human consumption based upon scientific procedures, supported by a safe history of use (endres et al., 2009). a one-year chronic oral toxicity study combin ...201121338652
randomised controlled clinical trial of lactobacillus sporogenes (bacillus coagulans), used as probiotic in clinical practice, on acute watery diarrhoea in children.to assess the clinical efficacy of lactobacillus sporogenes (bacillus coagulans), as probiotic preparation, against dehydrating diarrhoea in children.201121332891
a mixed-species microarray for identification of food spoilage bacilli.failure of food preservation is frequently caused by thermostable spores of members of the bacillaceae family, which show a wide spectrum of resistance to cleaning and preservation treatments. we constructed and validated a mixed-species genotyping array for 6 bacillus species, including bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus pumilus, bacillus sporothermodurans, bacillus cereus and bacillus coagulans, and 4 geobacillus species, including geobacillus stearothermophilus, geobacillus t ...201021315980
strong and consistently synergistic inactivation of spores of spoilage-associated bacillus and geobacillus spp. by high pressure and heat compared with inactivation by heat alone.the inactivation of spores of four low-acid food spoilage organisms by high pressure thermal (hpt) and thermal-only processing was compared on the basis of equivalent thermal lethality calculated at a reference temperature of 121.1°c (f(z)(121.1)(°)(c, 0.1 mpa or 600 mpa)) and characterized as synergistic, not different or protective. in addition, the relative resistances of spores of the different spoilage microorganisms to hpt processing were compared. processing was performed and inactivation ...201121278265
use of a continuous culture fermentation system to investigate the effect of ganedenbc30 (bacillus coagulans gbi-30, 6086) supplementation on pathogen survival in the human gut microbiota.single-stage continuous fermentation systems were employed to examine the effects of ganedenbc(30) supplementation on the human gastrointestinal microbiota in relation to pathogen challenge in vitro. denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated that ganedenbc(30) supplementation modified the microbial profiles in the fermentation systems compared with controls, with profiles clustering according to treatment. overall, ganedenbc(30) supplementation did not elicit major changes in ...201021195203
l: (+)-lactic acid production from non-food carbohydrates by thermotolerant bacillus coagulans.lactic acid is used as an additive in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, and is also an industrial chemical. optically pure lactic acid is increasingly used as a renewable bio-based product to replace petroleum-based plastics. however, current production of lactic acid depends on carbohydrate feedstocks that have alternate uses as foods. the use of non-food feedstocks by current commercial biocatalysts is limited by inefficient pathways for pentose utilization. b. coagulans strain 36d1 is a ...201120694852
physiological and fermentation properties of bacillus coagulans and a mutant lacking fermentative lactate dehydrogenase activity.bacillus coagulans, a sporogenic lactic acid bacterium, grows optimally at 50-55 °c and produces lactic acid as the primary fermentation product from both hexoses and pentoses. the amount of fungal cellulases required for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) at 55 °c was previously reported to be three to four times lower than for ssf at the optimum growth temperature for saccharomyces cerevisiae of 35 °c. an ethanologenic b. coagulans is expected to lower the cellulase loading a ...201120677017
in vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of eugenol, limonene, and citrus extract against bacteria and yeasts, representative of the spoiling microflora of fruit juices.this article reports on the investigation on the bioactivity of eugenol, limonene, and citrus extract against three bacteria (lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus brevis, and bacillus coagulans) and three yeasts (saccharomyces bayanus, pichia membranifaciens, and rhodotorula bacarum), representing the spoilage microflora of fruit juices. the experiments were performed with laboratory media by using a microdilution method. data were fitted using the gompertz equation, and the kinetic parameters ...201020501040
production of lactic acid from hemicellulose extracts by bacillus coagulans mxl-9.bacillus coagulans mxl-9 was found capable of growing on pre-pulping hemicellulose extracts, utilizing all of the principle monosugars found in woody biomass. this organism is a moderate thermophile isolated from compost for its pentose-utilizing capabilities. it was found to have high tolerance for inhibitors such as acetic acid and sodium, which are present in pre-pulping hemicellulose extracts. fermentation of 20 g/l xylose in the presence of 30 g/l acetic acid required a longer lag phase but ...201020454831
genetic tool development for a new host for biotechnology, the thermotolerant bacterium bacillus coagulans.bacillus coagulans has good potential as an industrial production organism for platform chemicals from renewable resources but has limited genetic tools available. here, we present a targeted gene disruption system using the cre-lox system, development of a lacz reporter assay for monitoring gene transcription, and heterologous d-lactate dehydrogenase expression.201020400555
effect of probiotic on growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of arbor acres broilers.the effect of probiotic, bacillus coagulans nj0516, on growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of arbor acres (aa) broilers was investigated. strains nj0516 were added to commercial basal diets as probiotic at three final concentrations: t-1, 1x10(6) cfu g(-1); t-2, 2x10(6) cfu g(-1) and t-3, 4x10(6) cfu g(-1), respectively. twelve groups, of 30 broilers, with three replicates for each treatment group (t-1, t-2 and t-3) and the control group treated without probiotic were used. after 49 ...201020350733
ganedenbc30 cell wall and metabolites: anti-inflammatory and immune modulating effects in vitro.this study was performed to evaluate anti-inflammatory and immune modulating properties of the probiotic, spore-forming bacterial strain: bacillus coagulans: gbi-30, (pta-6086, ganedenbc30tm). in addition, cell wall and metabolite fractions were assayed separately to address whether biological effects were due to cell wall components only, or whether secreted compounds from live bacteria had additional biological properties. the spores were heat-activated, and bacterial cultures were grown. the ...201020331905
effect of dietary probiotic, bacillus coagulans, on growth performance, chemical composition, and meat quality of guangxi yellow chicken.the effect of bacillus coagulans zju0616 with different concentrations supplemented as probiotic was evaluated on growth performance, feed conversion ratio, survival rate, breast chemical composition, and meat quality of guangxi yellow chicken. birds were randomly segregated into 12 groups so that 3 replicates were available for each of the 3 treatments (t-1, t-2, and t-3) and control groups. the control groups were fed a basal diet without any probiotic and other groups were fed the diets that ...201020181878
microbial load and antimicrobial property of two nigerian herbal remedies.the use of herbal remedies had increased significantly in the last one decade in nigeria. this has led to the production of herbal products with bogus claims. the microbial quality and antibacterial properties of two nigerian herbal remedies with such claimed efficacy of curing all manners of microbial diseases were assessed. the herbal remedies were discovered to be contaminated with the following microorganisms: bacillus subtilis, bacillus coagulans, bacillus cereus, basidiobotrytis sp, oedoce ...200720162058
fermentation of corn fiber hydrolysate to lactic acid by the moderate thermophile bacillus coagulans.a strain of bacillus coagulans that converted mixed sugars of glucose, xylose, and arabinose to l: -lactic acid with 85% yield at 50 degrees c was isolated from composted dairy manure. the strain was tolerant to aldehyde growth inhibitors at 2.5 g furfural/l, 2.5 g 5-hydroxymethylfurfural/l, 2.5 g vanillin/l, and 1.2 g p-hydroxybenzaldehyde/l. in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process, the strain converted a dilute-acid hydrolysate of 100 g corn fiber/l to 39 g lactic acid/l in ...201020155485
effects of a proprietary bacillus coagulans preparation on symptoms of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) have a profound impact on quality of life for many patients and current treatments are sometimes unsatisfactory. this controlled pilot study was conducted to evaluate effects of the proprietary ganedenbc(30) (bacillus coagulans gbi-30, 6086) probiotic on ibs symptoms, in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial including patients with diarrhea-predominant ibs (ibs-d). patients were randomized to receive either b. coagulans gbi-30, 6 ...200920140275
kinetic model of thermophilic l-lactate fermentation by bacillus coagulans combined with real-time pcr quantification.a simple l-lactate fermentation of organic wastes at ph 5.5 and 55 degrees c under nonsterile conditions using bacillus coagulans can be suitable for l-lactate fermentation of garbage. a mathematical model that simulated the lactate fermentation characteristics of b. coagulans was developed by focusing on the inhibitory effects of substrate, lactate (product) and nacl, and bacterial growth. basic fermentation experiments were performed using simple substrates to derive fundamental parameters of ...201020122710
ciprofloxacin ozonation in hospital wastewater treatment plant effluent: effect of ph and h2o2.the ozonation of ciprofloxacin was studied in hospital wastewater treatment plant effluent with focus on parent compound degradation, degradation product identification and residual antibacterial activity. before ozonation, ciprofloxacin sorption on suspended solids was tested as a function of temperature (10.0-27.5 degrees c) and ph (3, 7 and 10). temperature did not significantly affect ciprofloxacin sorption while sorption was highest at ph 7 (logk(d)=4.7) compared to ph 3 (logk(d)=4.3) and 1 ...201020074775
bacillus coagulans: a viable adjunct therapy for relieving symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis according to a randomized, controlled trial.lactic acid-producing bacteria (lab) probiotics demonstrate immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory effects and the ability to lessen the symptoms of arthritis in both animals and humans. this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-design, clinical pilot trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of the lab probiotic preparation, bacillus coagulans gbi-30, 6086, on symptoms and measures of functional capacity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) in combination with pharmaco ...201020067641
national survey outcomes on commercial probiotic food supplements in italy.to assess whether the probiotic food supplements, produced and distributed on the italian market during 2005-2006, complied with the italian guidelines on prebiotics and probiotics, 72 samples from 29 processing plants were analyzed. the survey included 41 samples from processing plants and 31 samples of the same brand from retailers collected at timed intervals (3, 8 and 13 months). a polyphasic approach based on a suitable analytical collection method (genotypic identification of total bacteri ...201020061041
anion effects on anti-microbial activity of poly[1-vinyl-3-(2-sulfoethyl imidazolium betaine)].recent investigations in the anti-microbial properties of the functional polymers are predominantly focused on the structure of the cationic moieties. in the present study, we investigated that the nature of the anion present in polysulfobetaines affects activity against certain microorganisms and their anti-microbial properties have been rationalized in terms of the structure-activity relationship. vinyl imidazolium-based polysulfobetaines were prepared by the quaternization of poly(n-vinyl imi ...201020060120
[effects of microbial agent inoculation on bacterial community diversity in the process of pig manure composting].pcr-dgge method was adopted to study the effects of inoculating exogenous microbial agent on the bacterial community diversity in the process of fresh pig manure high-temperature aerobic composting. exogenous microbial agent inoculation promoted the composting process, with the high-temperature period being advanced by 2 days than that of non-inoculation. dgge pattern analysis showed that during composting, the dominant bacteria changed significantly, with the shannon-wiener index of bacterial c ...200919947226
isolation and characterization of hyper phenol tolerant bacillus sp. from oil refinery and exploration sites.bacillus cereus mtcc 9817 strain akg1 and b. cereus mtcc 9818 strain akg2 were isolated from petroleum refinery and oil exploration site, respectively. the 16s rdna sequence of strain akg1 showed the closest relation to b. cereus 99.63% and bacillus coagulans 99.63% followed by 99.34% homology with bacillus thuringiensis strain 2pr56-10. akg2 is mostly related to b. thuringiensis strain cmg 861 with 99.37% homology. the similarity search between akg1 and akg2 gave the lowest similarity 99.19% am ...201019945784
a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group dual site trial to evaluate the effects of a bacillus coagulans-based product on functional intestinal gas symptoms.this randomized double blind placebo controlled dual site clinical trial compared a probiotic dietary supplement to placebo regarding effects on gastrointestinal symptoms in adults with post-prandial intestinal gas-related symptoms (abdominal pain, distention, flatulence) but no gastrointestinal (gi) diagnoses to explain the symptoms.200919922649
growth condition and bacterial community for maximum hydrolysis of suspended organic materials in anaerobic digestion of food waste-recycling wastewater.this paper reports the effects of changing ph (5-7) and temperature (t, 40-60 degrees c) on the efficiencies of bacterial hydrolysis of suspended organic matter (som) in wastewater from food waste recycling (fwr) and the changes in the bacterial community responsible for this hydrolysis. maximum hydrolysis efficiency (i.e., 50.5% reduction of volatile suspended solids) was predicted to occur at ph 5.7 and t = 44.5 degrees c. changes in short-chain volatile organic acid profiles and in acidogenic ...201019894044
combination effect of ph and acetate on enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis.the productivity and efficiency of cellulase are significant in cellulose hydrolysis. with the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (vfas), the ph value in anaerobic digestion system is reduced. therefore, this study will find out how the ph and the amount of acetate influence the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. the effects of ph and acetate on cellulase produced from bacillus coagulans were studied at various ph 5-8, and acetate concentrations (0-60 mmol/l). a batch kinetic model for enzymat ...200919862964
administration of bacillus coagulans in calves: recovery from faecal samples and evaluation of functional aspects of spores.an investigation was carried out into the recovery from calf faeces of bacillus coagulans spores added to the feed as probiotic. for this purpose, bacillus coagulans spores (9 log₁₀ cfu g⁻¹) were given daily to 10 calves during the whole farming periods; another 10 calves acted as controls. throughout the trial the faecal spore counts were significantly (p < 0.01) higher in the treated group than in the controls (averaging 2.1 x 10⁵ vs 3.7 x 10⁴ cfu g⁻¹). bacterial cells were recovered from faec ...200919763863
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