Publications

properties of dermonecrotic toxin prepared from sonic extracts bordetella bronchiseptica.	a toxin with dermonecrotic activity (dnt) was purified from sonic extracts of bordetella bronchiseptica l3 of pig origin at phase i by chromatographic and electrophoretic methods. the purification procedure was one developed for obtaining the pasteurella multocida dnt from sonic extracts with some modifications. dermonecrotizing activity of b. bronchiseptica-purified dnt was increased by 600-fold compared with that of the crude extract, and the average yield was about 3%. the toxin was homogeneo ...	1986	3699886
clinical pharmacokinetics of flumequine in calves.	the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of flumequine for 249 salmonella, 126 escherichia coli, and 22 pasteurella multocida isolates recovered from clinical cases of neonatal calf diarrhoea, pneumonia and sudden death was less than or equal to 0.78 microgram/ml. the pharmacokinetics of flumequine in calves was investigated after intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and oral administration. the two-compartment open model was used for the analysis of serum drug concentrations measured afte ...	1986	3522937
clinical pharmacokinetics of five oral cephalosporins in calves.	the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of cephalexin, cephradine, cefaclor, cefatrizine and cefadroxil for salmonella species, escherichia coli and pasteurella multocida isolated previously from young calves were determined. the mic90 values for cephalexin, cephradine and cefadroxil ranged between 3.12 micrograms ml-1 and 12.5 micrograms ml-1, whereas those of cefatrizine and cefaclor were 3.12 micrograms ml-1 and 0.78 microgram ml-1, respectively. each drug was administered intravenously a ...	1987	3317582
rabbit pasteurellosis: induced disease and vaccination.	pasteurellosis was induced in rabbits by conjunctival inoculation with 2 strains of pasteurella multocida. the ld50 of strain p1062 (a bovine isolate) was 10(5.1) colony-forming units and that of strain p1059 (a turkey isolate) was 10(5.5) colony-forming units. pasteurella-free rabbits were vaccinated iv or mucosally with boiled cells of p multocida or a cross-reactive uridine diphosphogalactose epimerase-deficient mutant of escherichia coli j5. in rabbits challenge exposed with p multocida stra ...	1988	3282457
prevention of experimental haemorrhagic septicaemia with a live vaccine.	pasteurella multocida serotype b:3,4 isolated from a fallow deer in england was used as a vaccine to prevent haemorrhagic septicaemia. the deer strain was less virulent for calves than typical serotype b:2 of haemorrhagic septicaemia strains. it elicited antibodies in cattle that protected mice against serotype b:2 infection. the live deer vaccine containing 2 x 10(7) viable organisms per dose was used to immunise calves. six months after vaccination, five of six calves were protected against se ...	1987	3111071
pharmacokinetics of single doses of cefoxitin given by the intravenous and intramuscular routes to unweaned calves.	cefoxitin pharmacokinetics and bioavailability were studied in unweaned calves. the antibiotic was administered to nine calves intravenously (i.v.), to seven calves intramuscularly (i.m.) at 20 mg/kg and to eight calves i.m. at 20 mg/kg together with probenecid at 40 mg/kg. serum concentration versus time data were analysed using statistical moment theory (smt). the i.v. data were also fitted by a linear, open two-compartment model. the elimination half-life (t1/2) was 66.9 +/- 6.9 min (mean +/- ...	1988	3054149
experimental pasteurella multocida pneumonia in calves.	pasteurella multocida was isolated from the lungs of calves that died on a farm in the south of england. this organism was inoculated experimentally into 13 calves by the intratracheal route: in all but two of the calves mild clinical disease resulted and at necropsy, three or four days later, pneumonic consolidation involving up to 22 per cent of the lung was observed. p multocida was isolated from all but two of the lungs. of two calves inoculated intravenously with p multocida, one showed mil ...	1989	2799074
agarose soy casein digest medium for replacement of blood agar for potency determinations of live pasteurella vaccines.	blood agar, prepared with trypticase (bbl microbiology systems, cockeysville, md.) soy agar and 5% defibrinated bovine blood, is used for testing the potency of live pasteurella multocida and pasteurella haemolytica vaccines, but its potential for variation makes it undesirable to use in a standard assay method. tests done with rpmi 1640 and trypticase soy medium indicated that the benefits obtained by adding defibrinated blood to the trypticase soy agar medium were more likely due to neutraliza ...	1989	2705764
cloning and expression of the pasteurella multocida toxin gene, toxa, in escherichia coli.	a chromosomal dna library of a toxigenic type d strain of pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida was established in escherichia coli. from this library two clones, spe308 and spe312, were identified by using a monoclonal antibody against the osteoclast-stimulating p. multocida toxin (pmt). extracts of these clones showed cytopathic activity identical to that of extracts of toxigenic p. multocida. the recombinant plasmids, pspe308 and pspe312, directed the synthesis of a protein with an apparent ...	1989	2680987
pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime given alone and combination with probenecid to unweaned calves.	ceftazidime pharmacokinetic values were studied in unweaned calves given the antibiotic alone or in combination with probenecid. ceftazidime was administered iv to 9 calves at a dosage of 10 mg/kg of body weight and im (10 mg/kg) to 8 calves, to 7 calves (10 mg/kg plus probenecid [40 mg/kg]), and to 9 calves (10 mg/kg plus probenecid [80 mg/kg]). serum concentration-vs-time data were analyzed, using noncompartmental methods based on statistical moment theory. the data for iv ceftazidime administ ...	1989	2679252
protection against progressive atrophic rhinitis by vaccination with pasteurella multocida toxin purified by monoclonal antibodies.	pasteurella multocida toxin was purified by affinity chromatography and inactivated by treatment with formaldehyde before use as a single component vaccine against progressive atrophic rhinitis in pigs. twenty pregnant gilts which were vaccinated twice before farrowing with either low or high doses of the purified toxoid, developed dose-dependent positive serum and colostrum titres to the toxin and, unlike the progeny of 10 untreated control gilts, the offspring of the vaccinated gilts also had ...	1989	2528856
outer membrane proteins of bovine strains of pasteurella multocida type a and their doubtful role as protective antigens.	outer membranes were prepared by the sarkosyl method from 30 strains of pasteurella multocida and the closely related taxon 13, which had been isolated from cattle. the patterns of the outer membrane proteins (omps) on sds-page were generally similar to one another, though the four major proteins (a-d) varied somewhat in molecular mass; these patterns allowed the strains to be arranged into 12 groups. taxon 13 strains and typical p. multocida strains were indistinguishable, both types being foun ...	1990	2342087
[atrophic rhinitis in swine and other animal species].	evidence that cattle, goats and rabbits may suffer from natural diseases equivalent to porcine atrophic rhinitis is presented. etiology and course of the progressive (enzootic) and non-progressive (sporadic) forms of atrophic rhinitis in pigs are discussed and compared with known data about similar diseases in other animals. it seems that atrophic rhinitis caused by toxigenic strains of pasteurella multocida may be a disease of different animal species.	1990	2242733
bactericidal activity in the sera of mice vaccinated with pasteurella multocida type a.	the susceptibility of pasteurella multocida to killing by serum and the ability of protective vaccines to stimulate this mechanism of immunity in mice were investigated. p. multocida type of bovine origin was used to prepare a vaccine incorporating heat killed organisms and for homologous infection of mice. bactericidal capacity and elisa antibody titres were determined for individual mouse sera. protection was clearly associated with bactericidal antibodies raised by vaccination. the bactericid ...	1990	2219665
bovine recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhancement of bovine neutrophil functions in vitro.	neutrophils were purified from blood of dexamethasone-treated (0.04 mg/kg of body weight) and untreated calves. cells were untreated (controls) or cultured in media containing 5 or 10 ng of bovine recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rbgm-csf)/ml for 10 to 12 hours before being tested for various functions. dexamethasone treatment of calves decreased luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, decreased phagocytosis of pasteurella multocida and several staphylococcus spp by var ...	1990	2204299
specificity of dna probes for the detection of toxigenic pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida strains.	five dna probes directed against different regions of the gene that encodes the dermonecrotic toxin of pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida were examined for their ability to identify toxigenic p. multocida subsp. multocida strains. the specificities of the probes were studied with 96 strains of p. multocida subsp. multocida and 22 strains of 11 other bacterial species. results of colony hybridization assays using these probes indicated that two of the five probes have potential diagnostic val ...	1990	2203816
our understanding of the pasteurellaceae.	with the exception of a few consistent pathogens--pasteurella multocida strains of bovine hemorrhagic septicemia and fowl cholera, actinobacillus (haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae, haemophilus aegyptius and haemophilus paragallinarum--members of the family pasteurellaceae are commensal parasites on mucous membranes of vertebrate animals. many have pathogenic potential, which becomes manifest under conditions of immunodeficiency and stress. pathogenesis (except in porcine atrophic rhinitis) depends ...	1990	2193710
interactions of haemophilus-actinobacillus-pasteurella bacteria with phagocytic cells.	the haemophilus-actinobacillus-pasteurella (hap) group of bacteria contains a number of important veterinary and human pathogens. although each species has specific characteristics and host range, most share the general property of being resistant to cellular defense mechanisms. in some cases (e.g. pasteurella multocida, pasteurella haemolytica and actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae) resistance results in part from the presence of an antiphagocytic capsule that protects the bacilli against ingestio ...	1990	2193702
evidence for non-siderophore-mediated acquisition of transferrin-bound iron by pasteurella multocida.	two clinical isolates of pasteurella multocida associated with bovine pneumonia were examined for iron acquisition. both isolates were capable of obtaining iron for growth from bovine but not from human, avian, equine or porcine transferrin. this correlated with specific binding of bovine transferrin by iron-limited cells or isolated membranes. no siderophore was detected in the strains by a general screening assay. in response to iron-limited conditions, a number of high molecular mass iron-reg ...	1991	1839048
in vitro binding of pasteurella multocida cell wall preparations to tracheal mucus of cattle and swine and to a tracheal epithel cell wall preparation of cattle.	outer membrane preparations of various pasteurella isolates (pasteurella multocida and some other pasteurella species) from cattle and swine were extracted by n-lauryl-sarcosine sodium salt. capsular extracts were prepared by heat treatment. both preparations bound to epithel cell wall preparations (ecw) of trachea from cattle and to tracheal mucus of cattle and swine. binding was demonstrated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). distinct high adherence values were shown by the great ...	1991	1796684
characterization and comparison of antimicrobial susceptibilities and outer membrane protein and plasmid dna profiles of pasteurella haemolytica and certain other members of the genus pasteurella.	the outer membrane protein (omp), plasmid, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of pasteurella haemolytica serotypes 1 through 12, a bovine isolate of p multocida, a chicken isolate of p multocida, and an unidentified pasteurella species of bovine origin were examined. isolates of p haemolytica serotypes belonging to the same biotype possessed similar omp profiles. biotype a isolates contained 2 prominent omp of 43 kilodaltons (kd) and 29 kd, whereas biotype-t serotypes contained 3 major omp of ...	1991	1789515
chronic frontal sinusitis in dairy cattle: 12 cases (1978-1989).	chronic frontal sinusitis in 12 dairy cattle most often was associated with a history of dehorning, in which the sinus was entered (67%), or with respiratory tract disease (25%). the most common organisms isolated were actinomyces pyogenes and pasteurella multocida. signs of infection did not develop for months in some cattle and were often intermittent. the most common clinical signs included anorexia, lethargy, fever, frontal bone distortion, exophthalmos, abnormal posture, nasal discharge, an ...	1992	1500335
[the importance of dermonecrotoxin and dermonecrotoxoid of pasteurella multocida for the calf].	the i. m. application of dermonecrotoxin of p. multocida var. d led to an atrophy of nasal conchae, liver-swelling and to induration of liver and spleen. the intratracheal application caused a lobular pneumonia. the vaccination with toxoid resulted in an immunity against a challenge with toxin but not with p. multocida var. d. correlations between antitoxic serum-titers and immunity have to be investigated in future.	1992	1497586
pharmacokinetic evaluation of ceftiofur in serum, tissue chamber fluid and bronchial secretions from healthy beef-bred calves.	ceftiofur is a new broad spectrum cephalosporin marketed for the treatment of acute bovine respiratory disease. in this investigation ceftiofur was administered by intramuscular injection, at 24 h intervals, to healthy beef-bred calves for four days at dosages of 2.2 and 4.4 mg/kg of body weight, with 4 wk intervals between dosing regimens. serum, tissue chamber fluid (tcf), and bronchial secretion (bs) concentrations of ceftiofur were measured by microbiological assay after the first and fourth ...	1992	1477795
ovine pulmonary surfactant induces killing of pasteurella haemolytica, escherichia coli, and klebsiella pneumoniae by normal serum.	pulmonary surfactant has been shown to play an increasingly important role in bacterial clearance at the alveolar surface in the lung. this study describes a bactericidal mechanism in which ovine pulmonary surfactant induces killing of pasteurella haemolytica by normal serum. to demonstrate killing, six bacterial species were incubated first with pulmonary surfactant for 60 min at 37 degrees c and then with serum for an additional 60 min at 37 degrees c. p. haemolytica type a1 strains 82-25 and ...	1992	1452351
isolation of a protective, non-toxic capsular antigen from pasteurella multocida, types b and e.	separation of the capsular antigen and endotoxin from saline extracts of pasteurella multocida type b was achieved by fractional precipitation from aqueous solution by addition of polar organic solvents. biological tests for the presence of endotoxin showed that it was absent from capsular antigen preparations so obtained. properties of the capsular antigen suggested that it was a high molecular weight acidic polysaccharide. the solvent fractionation method was found to be equally applicable to ...	1976	1257631
diverse effects of bursectomy on humoral immune responses in the chicken.	chickens bursectomized hormonally or surgically at various ages in embryonic to postembryonic lives were immunized with a mixture of antigens, and the antibodies produced titrated. immune responses to salmonella pullorum (sp), brucella abortus (ba). staphylococcus aureus (staph) and ovalbumin (oa) were more markedly suppressed by the bursal deprivation than those to heterogenous erythrocytes, viruses and such bacteria as pasteurella multocida (pm) and escherichia coli b. the immune response to b ...	1975	1187514
properties of free endotoxin from pasteurella multocida.	free endotoxin (fet) from virulent encapsulated pasteurella multocida or from an avirulent nonencapsulated mutant is capable of inducing active immunity, but the lipopolysaccharide (lps) moiety of the endotoxin is not. these results suggest that a protein of p multocida is involved in the stimulation of active immunity. the serologic specificity of the fet is associated with the lps moiety, which is related to a heat extracted antigen that is used for serotyping p multocida. the fet is capable o ...	1975	1092224
[murine model for experimental studies on attenuated mutants of a pasteurella multocida strain with pathogenicity for the calf. 1. isolation and biological characterization of streptomycin-dependent mutants (sm-d) and their examination for immunogenicity in comparison with thermally inactivated pathogens].	an experimental study was conducted into the immunisation of mice to a strain of pasteurella multocida with pathogenicity for calf. here are the results: (a) stable sm-d mutants were isolated. (b) the genetic stability of this mutant type was established by unsubstantiable reversion up to the magnitude of 10(-8) or - in cases in which 20 sm-id revertants maximum occurred in 10(-8) sm-d germs--by prolongation of the generation period of these suppressor mutants which can be defined also as minus ...	1976	1035491
bronchiectasis in yearling feedlot cattle.	thoughout all of 1974, we surveyed, for illnesses and deaths, about 407,000 yearling feedlot cattle. from the 3,943 dead cattle, 1,988 necropsies were made; of the cattle necropsied, 32 (1.6%) had bronchiectasis. in this disease, the permanently dilated small bronchi and bronchioles, located in ventral parts of the lungs, were filled with accumulations of exudate and microorganisms, including pasteurella hemolytica, pasteurella multocida, corynebacterium pyogenes, escherichia coli, salmonella an ...	1976	956033
physiologic characteristics of 1,268 cultures of pasteurella multocida.	results of 29 physiologic tests are reported for 1,268 cultures of pasteurella multocida from various hosts over a 10-year period. of the cultures, 97 to 100% fermented galactose, glucose, mannitol, mannose, fructose, and sucrose, produced hydrogen sulfide and indole, and reduced nitrate; 6 to 91% fermented arabinose, glycerol, sorbitol, trehalose and xylose. fermentation of dextrin, dulcitol, inositol, inulin, lactose, maltose, raffinose, rhamnose, and salicin, growth on macconkey agar, change ...	1976	937797
phycomycosis associated with encephalitis caused by haemophilus somnus in a heifer.	numerous fungal hyphae resembling those of a phycomycete were found in thrombi, vessel walls, and areas of inflammatory cell infiltration within a large focus of necrosis in the brainstem of a 2-year-old heifer. haemophilus somnus and pasteurella multocida were isolated from the same lesion. antemortem hyperglycemia was also demonstrated.	1977	903285
[influence of pasteurella multocida and pasteurella-multocida endotoxin on the blood-coagulation-analytic parameter after experimental administration in calves].	experimental administration to calves of pasteurella multocida or the application of an endotoxin preparation of the strain produced continuous decline of thrombocytes, disorders in thrombocytic functions, and the development of hypofibrinogenaemia. the changes recorded as well as the clinical symptoms and pathologico-anatomic findings are interpreted as endotoxin shock.	1977	901129
[use of attenuated mutants of pasteurella multocida strain, pathogenic to calves, in experimental mouse model studies. 4. immunogenicity of selected revertants of temperature-sensitive, streptomycin-dependent mutants as potential vaccine strains].	temperature-resistant or streptomycin-independent revertants were isolated from temperature-sensitive or streptomycin-dependent mutants of a pasteurella multocida strain with pathogenicity to calf. the revertants were tested for virulence in mice and for their immunogenicity against wild-strain infection, using 100 times and more of the lethal dose. the following conclusions may be derived from the results thus obtained: 1. most of the fully attenuated streptomycin-independent revertants failed ...	1978	749742
[effect of aspirin and indomethacin on changes caused by pateurella multocida toxins in calves].	acetylsalicyclic acid acid (50 mg/kg die) and indomethacin (1.5 mg/kg die) were administered to calves three days prior to intravenous application of endotoxin. such treatment resulted in delayed occurence of clinical symptoms and higher survival rates, as compared to untreated controls. parameters relating to coagulation physiology, changed by endotoxin, were not controllable with statistical security by administration of acetylsalicyclic acid indomethacin.	1978	666518
biochemical and serological studies on pasteurella multocida isolated from cattle in the sudan.	of 42 strains of pasteurella meltocida isolated from different outbreaks of hemorrhagic septicaemia and from healthy cattle in various parts of the suden, 38 belonged to carters' type b and four to type e. the strain used for vaccine production was type e. with respect to somatic antigen determination, there was some correlation between the results of the gel diffusion and the agglutination tests as most strains reacted with 0 groups 6 antisera in both tests. however, some antigens cross-reacted ...	1979	110516
carrier rate of pasteurella multocida in a cattle herd associated with an outbreak of haemorrhagic septicaemia in the sudan.		1978	98205