Publications

changes of the stria vascularis induced by ethacrynic acid.	histological changes in the stria vascularis of guinea pigs after the injection of ethacrynic acid (50 mg/kg) were investigated using a transmission electron microscope and a scanning electron microscope. the changes in permeability in the stria vascularis was also observed using horseradish peroxidase as a tracer. the pathological changes originating in endothelial cells of stria blood vessels and intermediate cells spread into the marginal cells and basal cells. the most remarkable changes wer ...	1978	753207
improvements in the benzidine dihydrochloride horseradish peroxidase method.		1978	751293
[projection of different ganglion cell classes in the albino rat retina. a study using horseradish peroxidase].	in order to demonstrate the central projections of the different ganglion cell classes in the albino rat retina horseradish-peroxidase was injected into the superior colliculus (cs) and into the lateral geniculate nucleus (cgl). the study presents the following results: a) injection into the cs: labelled cells are only in the contralateral retina. topistically, the retino-collicular projection is in good agreement with the findings of physiological methods. the nasal half of the retina projects ...	1978	749383
permeability of muscle capillaries to interstitially microinjected horseradish peroxidase.		1978	748717
axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase: a new method for tracing nervous control of the bladder.	a new method for tracing the nervous control of the bladder is described. a protein substance, horseradish peroxidase, has been shown to be absorbed and transported by nerve fibers. the substance was injected into the bladder neck region of a series of dogs. after uptake by motor neurons the horseradish was carried to the spinal cord segment controlling micturition. implications regarding the neurophysiology of the urinary tract are discussed.	1978	746608
crossed disynaptic inhibition of sacral motoneurones.	1. intracellular recording was made from motoneurones in lower sacral (s2 and s3) segments of the spinal cord in cats, to analyse the neuronal organization of the inhibition evoked in these motoneurones from contralateral afferents. 2. it was confirmed that stimulation of the lowest threshold afferents of contralateral dorsal roots evokes i.p.s.p.s with latencies similar to those of disynaptic i.p.s.p.s. evoked from group ia muscle spindle afferents in limb motoneurones. 3. the crossed disynapti ...	1978	745104
[auditory field projection into the ventrobasal complex of the thalamus studied by means of horseradish peroxidase and anterograde degeneration].		1978	743907
lectin analysis of trypanosoma congolense bloodstream trypomastigote and culture procyclic surface saccharides by agglutination and electron microscopic technics.	living, intact bloodstream trypomastigotes and culture procyclic forms of trypanosoma congolense were tested for aggulination with the lectins concanavalin a (con a), phytohemagglutinin p (pp), wheat germ agglutinin (wga), soybean agglutinin (sba), and fucose binding protein (fbp). similar experiments were conducted with living bloodstream and culture forms treated with trypsin or dextranase. parasites were incubated for 30 min at 25 c in various concentrations of each lectin, then examined for ...	1978	739411
development of the blood-brain barrier to horseradish peroxidase in the chick embryo.	one to 20 mg of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was injected into the allantoic vein of chick embryos between the 7th to 21st day of incubation and its penetration from blood into the interstitium of cerebellum and spinal cord (upper thoracic) was examined by light and electron microscopy in order to study development of the blood-brain barrier. until the 12th day of incubation (stage 38) the reaction products, indicating the presence of peroxidase, were distributed in every region of the intercell ...	1978	737715
vascular permeability to proteins and peptides in the mouse pineal gland.	the permeability of fenestrated capillaries in the mouse pineal gland to proteins and peptides was demonstrated by means of ultrastructural tracers. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and microperoxidase (mp) were injected intravenously and allowed to circulate for approximately 30 s, 1 min, 5 min, 1 or 2 h. the tissue was then fixed by vascular perfusion or by immersion with aldehydes. in all experiments a pronounced extravasation of hrp and mp occurred. transendothelial vesicular transport seemed to ...	1978	737703
efferent connections of the septal area in the pigeon.	the efferent connections of the septum in the pigeon were studied with the use of anterograde (3h-leucine autoradiography) and retrograde (horseradish peroxidase histochemistry) transport methods. it was observed that the dorsal septum projects to the lateral hypothalamus, portions of the periventricular hypothalamus, dorsomedial thalamus and midbrain reticular formation. fibers from the ventral half of the septum (i.e., nucleus of the diagonal band) project to medial and lateral sectors of the ...	1978	737528
fate of antigen after intravenous and intraarticular injection into rabbits.	to determine the manner in which small protein antigens enter the synovium and are localized, horseradish peroxidase (molecular weight 40,000) was injected by intravenous and intraarticular routes. passage of antigen from capillary lumen to joint space and vice versa occurred primarily across fenestrated vessels. antigen localized to collagen fibers and lining cells. at low concentrations of antigen, antigen was taken up predominantly by marcophages, whereas at higher concentrations both macroph ...	1978	737015
the perineurial and blood-nerve barriers in experimental diabetes.	the permeabilities of the blood-nerve barrier and the perineurial barrier were investigated in alloxan and streptozotocin diabetic rats and in the mutant diabetic mouse [c57bl/ks(db/db)]. in the mouse model both fluorescence and electron microscopic techniques were employed using evans blue albumin (eba) and horseradish peroxidase (hrp), respectively, as exogeneous tracers. in the rat models only hrp was used. tracers were applied locally around the sciatic nerve in order to investigate the peri ...	1978	735757
[pathways of substance penetration into the neurosecretory axons in the posterior lobe of the rat hypophysis].	the penetration of horseradish peroxidase and ferritin into the neurosecretory axones in the rat's posterior pituitary has been studied with the electron microscope. markers were revealed in neurosecretory granules, in empty vesicles of the same size, in neurotubules, in lamellar bodies and in the axoplasm. markers were taken up from the extracellular space by micropinocytotic "synaptic" vesicles and probably by larger empty vesicles. it is supposed that the contents of these vesicles penetrate ...	1978	734767
the development of motor projection patterns in the chick hind limb.	1. retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase was used to map the initial projection patterns of lumbosacral motoneurones to the embryonic chick hind limb. 2. the stage 28 segmental projection pattern to each of the four primary muscle masses was characteristic and indistinguishable from the stage 36 projection pattern to the sum of the muscles derived from that mass. in addition, the adductor motoneurone pool was found to be similar in position (both rostro-caudal and mediolateral) at stage ...	1978	731552
the distribution of motoneurones supplying chick hind limb muscles.	1. the motor nuclei supplying many of the hind limb muscles were localized in late chick embryos (stage 36-37; 10-11 days) by utilizing the technique of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. 2. each nucleus was found to be localized in a characteristic position in both the rostro-caudal and transverse plane of the spinal cord with only slight individual variation. 3. each motor nucleus consisted of an elongate, coherent cluster of labelled cells, with few cells occurring outside the cl ...	1978	731549
functional and anatomical consequences of neonatal visual cortical damage in superior colliculus of the golden hamster.	1. in normal hamsters the visual cortex sends a retinotopically organized projection to the ipsilateral superior colliculus. 2. acute or chronic unilateral ablations of visual cortex in adult animals decrease the incidence of directionally selective cells encountered in the superficial laminae of the ipsilateral colliculus, but not in the deeper layers (those ventral to the stratum opticum). 3. unilateral ablations of visual cortex in infant hamsters induce an aberrant crossed projection to the ...	1978	731286
development of functional motor innervation in supernumerary hindlimbs of the chick embryo.	1. the development of functional motor innervation in supernumerary chick hindlimbs transplated to host embryos at stages 16--18, was studied throughout the embryonic period from stage 27 when peripheral synapses were first formed. 2. the innervation pattern, defined as the number and sequential order of spinal nerves innervating individual muscles, were determined for supernumerary hindlimbs innervated by thoracic, lumbosacral-thoracic, or wholly lumbosacral spinal cord segments. spinal nerves ...	1978	731285
features of foreign proteins affecting their retrograde transport in axons of the visual system.	the retrograde axoplasmic transport of foreign proteins in the rat visual system shows certain specificities. the molecular features of these proteins which may underlie their entry into the retrograde phase have been examined using biochemical and morphologic techniques. of the isoenzymes of horseradish peroxidase (hrp), the basic isoenzyme c is strongly transported, while the acidic isoenzymes abeta and aalpha are transported weakly and not at all, respectively. decreasing the isoelectric poin ...	1978	731278
localization of sensory neurons traversing the stellate ganglion of the cat.	the distribution of sensory cells whose axons traverse the stellate ganglion and project via sympathetic cardiac nerves to the heart of the cat has been examined quantitatively. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) injected at multiple sites in the right stellate ganglion, or applied to the middle cardiac nerve, labelled small numbers of cells in the thoracic dorsal root ganglia (drg) from t1 to t8. these cells were most numerous between t2 and t5 and were consistently small (less than 40 micrometer) re ...	1978	730853
the superior colliculus control of pinna movements in the cat: possible anatomical connections.	possible anatomical pathways mediating superior colliculus control of pinna movements were determined in the cat using the orthograde autoradiographic tracing method and the retrograde horseradish peroxidase technique. this was done in the following manner. first, the division of the facial nucleus that innervates the pinna muscles was determined by injecting the pinna muscles with hrp and surveying the facial nucleus for retrogradely filled cells. second, the brainstem regions that project the ...	1978	730846
membrane recycling in the cone cell endings of the turtle retina.	the ultrastructural effects of dark, light, and low temperature were investigated in the cone cell endings of the red-eared turtle (pseudemys scripta elegans). thin sections revealed that in dark-adapted retinas maintained at 22 degrees c, the neural processes which contact the cone cells at the invaginating synapses penetrated deeply into the photoreceptor endings. when dark-adapted retinas were illuminated for 1 h at 22 degrees c, the invaginating processes were apparently extruded from the sy ...	1978	730768
the effects of horseradish peroxidase on the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine and platelet counts in blood of rabbits and guinea pigs.	when hrp was injected i.v. in rabbits and guinea pigs, a rapid fall in the number of circulating platelets and the concentration of 5 ht occurred. platelet aggregates were trapped in lung capillaries. the aggregation was reversible and the return of platelets to the circulation concomitant with a rise in blood 5 ht concentration.	1978	730554
[comparative study of afferent connections in the habenula in rats and cats after injection of horseradish peroxidase].	the habenular complex of 11 cats and 13 rats was injected with horse radish peroxydase (hrp) (30% solution, 0,05--0,4 microliter). retrograde labelling of cells was visualized after a survival period of 24 to 48 hours by means of the method of lavail et al. (1973). the resultats obtained with this method suggest significant species differences regarding the habenular afferents in cats and rats. one of the most striking differences is that the entopeduncular nucleus of the cat contains very few h ...	1978	728629
[capillary ultrastructure and permeability in the posterior lobe of the rat pituitary].	the ultrastructure of capillaries and their permeability to horseradish peroxidase and ferritin in rat posterior pituitary has been studied. the capillary wall is formed mainly by flat endothelium penetrated by regularly situated fenestras. the majority of organelles is concentrated in the perikaryon. caveoles and pinocytotic vesicles are not numerous except for some perikaryons where they are concentrated along the basal surface. intracellular clefts are interrupted in the regions of fusion of ...	1978	726059
cell lineage analysis by intracellular injection of a tracer enzyme.	cell lineages during development of leeches can be ascertained by injection of horseradish peroxidase as a tracer into identified cells at early stages of embryogenesis. the injected embryos continue their normal development, in the course of which horseradish peroxidase is passed on in catalytically active form to the descendants of the injected cell. the distribution of the tracer enzyme and hence of the progeny of the injected cell can then be observed at a later stage of development by stain ...	1978	725606
early atherosclerotic lesions in rat aorta. effect of cholesterol feeding and immunization.	germ-free and conventional rats were fed cholesterol or normal pellets and part of both groups were immunized repeatedly with horseradish peroxidase (hrp). four days after the last injections all the rats were killed, aortas removed and prepared for immunocytology and chemical analysis. free peroxidase was not detected in the arterial wall and in all immunized rats only faint staining of free anti-hrp antibodies occurred in the intima. in contrast there was a consistent deposition of hrp-anti-hr ...	1978	725328
destruction of a single cell in the central nervous system of the leech as a means of analysing its connexions and functional role.	a method has been devised for killing an individual neurone in the c.n.s. of the leech by injecting it with pronase. the technique has been used to examine the role of individual sensory and motor cells involved in producing reflex movements.1. after a neurone was injected with pronase, either in an intact animal or an isolated ganglion, its cell body lost its resting and action potentials. some hours later the injected cell's axons in the periphery failed to conduct impulses. in the intact anim ...	1978	722515
termination of electroreceptor and mechanical lateral line afferents in the mormyrid acousticolateral area.	the projection regions of electroreceptor and mechanical lateral line afferents in electric fish of the mormyridae family are described. electroreceptor afferents from the posterior dorsal skin run in the dorsal branch of the posterior lateral line nerve. electroreceptor afferents from ventral skin and mechanical lateral line afferents and efferents run in the ventral branch of the nerve. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) injections into each branch resulted in filling of its central terminals with t ...	1978	721966
topographical organization of the striatonigral pathway revealed by anterograde and retrograde neuroanatomical tracing techniques.	l-[4,5-3h]leucine was injected stereotaxically into various regions of the rat neostriatum. light microscopic autoradiographic techniques were used to plot the entire efferent pathways of the neostriatum, and in particular, the projections to the substantia nigra (sn). the terminal distribution of the pathways projecting to the ipsilateral sn was predominantly restricted to the zona reticulata region. the dorsal part of the head of the striatum was found to innervate the anterior and medial port ...	1978	721701
removal of horseradish peroxidase and fluorescein-labelled dextran from csf spaces of rabbit optic nerve. a light and electron microscope study.		1978	720432
neuronal cell cultures as toxicologic test systems.	neuronal cell cultures now represent well-characterized systems with which acute and chronic toxicologic effects of a variety of agents can be evaluated. extensive synapse formation occurs over a period of days and weeks in these cell cultures and can be assayed semiquantitatively by morphological and electrophysiological means. detailed morphophysiologic correlations can be made using a technique for injecting an intracellular marker protein, horseradish peroxidase. a variety of neurochemical i ...	1978	720311
surface functions during mitosis i: phagocytosis, pinocytosis and mobility of surface-bound con a.	phagocytosis, pinocytosis and the surface distribution of concanavalin a (cona) have been analyzed during mitosis in several mammalian cell lines. use of the bisbenzimidazole dye, hoechst 33258, for chromosome staining after gentle fixation made possible the rapid identification and correlation of mitotic phase with surface properties. phagocytosis of both opsonized and nonopsonized particles is markedly depressed in mitotic cells of the mouse macrophage cell line j774.1. the uptake of opsonized ...	1978	719746
synapses of optic nerve afferents in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus. i. identification, qualitative description, development and distribution.	synapses of optic nerve afferents (optic synapses) in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn) have been identified ultrastructurally. they are easily distinguished from other types of synapses. the optic boutons are characterized by the presence of large mitochondria with a swollen electron lucent matrix and an interconnected tubular system formed by their inner membrane. other, more variable features include: 1) a scattered pattern of synaptic vesicles which are found throughout the entire presyn ...	1978	719729
long ascending projections from substantia gelatinosa rolandi and the subjacent dorsal horn in the rat.	small neurons of the substantia gelatinosa rolandi and the subjacent dorsal horn of the spinal cord have been thought to exert a direct modulatory effect only on neurons located within a distance of a few spinal segemnts. by using the technique of retorograde transport of horseradish peroxidase, however, it has been found that in the rat a significant number of these cells, particularly those of the subjacent dorsal horn, ascend many spinal segments to the lateral cervical nucleus and to the low ...	1978	715454
subcortical projections to the prefrontal cortex in the rat as revealed by the horseradish peroxidase technique.		1978	714251
a study of sensory projection from jaw muscles to the cerebral cortex in the rat.	the sensory projection from jaw muscles to the cerebral cortex have been studied in rats by electrophysiological and histochemical methods. electrical stimulation of individual masticatory muscles elicited bilateral responses in the cortical areas 8, 10, 2, and 2a. the following pathway was postulated to mediate these cortical responses; impulses of muscle origin are conducted in turn to the trigeminal mesencephalic tract nucleus (tmt), the contralateral thalamic nucleus ventralis posteromediali ...	1978	713182
protein thiolation and reversible protein-protein conjugation. n-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate, a new heterobifunctional reagent.	a heterobifunctional reagent, n-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate, was synthesized. its n-hydroxysuccinimide ester group reacts with amino groups and the 2-pyridyl disulphide structure reacts with aliphatic thiols. a new thiolation procedure for proteins is based on this reagent. the procedure involves two steps. first, 2-pyridyl disulphide structures are introduced into the protein by the reaction of some of its amino groups with the n-hydroxysuccinimide ester sie of the reagent. the p ...	1978	708370
developmental organization of raphe serotonin neuron groups in the rat.	the pre- and early postnatal development of serotonin neurons in the rat brainstem was studied using the fluorescence histochemical method. the technique utilized does not require drug pretreatment to visualize an intense serotonin fluorophore localized in neuronal perikarya, dendrites, and axons. all the serotonin neuron groups develop as bilateral nuclei which extend from the midbrain through the medulla. six of the nine groups undergo a midline fusion from embryonic day 18 (e 18) through post ...	1978	707816
sites of cerebrovascular injury induced by radiographic contrast media.	the object of this study was to determine the type of cerebral vessel affected by injection of radiopaque contrast agents used in cerebral angiography. seventeen rabbits were prepared surgically for a left intracarotid injection of methylglucamine iothalamate (conray 60) or methylglucamine diatrizoate (reno-m-60). extravasations of the tracers, evans blue and horseradish peroxidase, occurred in the left half of the brain and occasionally in the right half. within those areas of blood-brain barri ...	1978	707323
ultrastructural studies on blood-brain barrier dysfunction after cerebral air embolism in the rat.	male albino rats were anaesthetized with diazepam, injected with horseradish peroxidase and evans blue-labeled albumin and given an embolus of 0.01 ml air in the right common carotid artery after ligation of the external carotid branch. the pial arteries of the right cerebral hemisphere were stained blue, particularly the middle cerebral artery and its main arterial branchlets. ultrastructurally, some endothelial cells in the right middle cerebral artery, small arteries and arterioles showed a d ...	1978	707046
equilibria between horseradish peroxidase and aromatic donors.	equilibria between horseradish peroxidase and aromatic hydrogen donors have been analyzed spectrophotometrically and potentiometrically. the donors alter the peroxidase spectrum slightly but reproducibly with changes of two types. donors of the two groups compete for the same binding site with no systematic difference in affinity for the enzyme. donors with one aromatic ring are fairly loosely ligated, kd3-25 mm, but enlargement, or extension of the pi-electron system, increases the affinity. a ...	1978	706949
origin of the retina from both sides of the embryonic brain: a contribution to the problem of crossing at the optic chiasma.	cells originating from one of the first two blastomeres of the frog embryo were labeled either by injecting them with horseradish peroxidase or by changing the ploidy of one blastomere. both methods show the labeled cells confined to the same side of the brain as the labeled blastomere except for cells that have moved from the opposite side into the ventral diencephalon and ventral part of the retina. reciprocal movement of cells from each side of the prospective forebrain into the prospective r ...	1978	705349
a morphological study of the axons and recurrent axon collaterals of cat alpha-motoneurones supplying different functional types of muscle unit.	1. cat alpha-motoneurones supplying muscle units of the soleus s type and gastrocnemius s, fr and ff types were injected intracellularly with horseradish peroxidase. 2. ten alpha-motoneurones of each motor unit type were collected for morphological analysis of the intramedullary parts of their axonal systems including the recurrent axon collaterals. 3. the alpha-motor axon diameters in the spinal cord white matter were significantly smaller for the soleus motor units (mean = 5.2 micrometer) than ...	1978	702385
a morphological study of the axons and recurrent axon collaterals of cat alpha-motoneurones supplying different hind-limb muscles.	1. intracellular injections with horseradish peroxidasewere performed in cat alpha-motoneurones supplying various hind-limb muscles. 2. ten alpha-motoneurones from each of the quadriceps, posterior biceps, gastrocnemius-soleus and anterior tibial pools as well as from the pool supplying the short plantar muscles were collected for morphological analysis of the intramedullary axonal systems including the recurrent axon collaterals. 3. the diameter of the alpha-motor axons showed considerable vari ...	1978	702381
the role of the cell surface in the migration of primordial germ cells in early chick embryos: effects of concanavalin a.	effects of concanavalin a (con a) on the morphology and migration of primordial germ cells (pgcs) in stage-6 to -12 chick embryos were investigated. con a, at a sublethal dose (10 microgram/ml), inhibited migration of pgcs from the germinal crescent area to other parts of the embryo. affected pgcs were more rounded without the usual cytoplasmic extensions, but the integrity of other structures was unaffected. nearly identical results were obtained with another lectin, wheat germ agglutinin (10 m ...	1978	702035
the olivocerebellar projection in the cat studied with the method of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase. vii. the projection to lobulus simplex, crus i and ii.	the olivocerebellar projection to lobulus simplex, crus i and ii in the cat was investigated by means of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp). the distribution of labeled cells in the inferior olive following hrp injections in lobulus simplex, crus i and ii confirmed the findings by brodal ('40b) that the rostral half of the principal olive projects to these areas of the cerebellar hemisphere. however, concerning details there are some differences in so far as the heaviest ...	1978	701495
differential projections of cat medullary raphe neurons demonstrated by retrograde labelling following spinal cord lesions.	neurons of the medullary raphe nuclei in cats were retrogradely labelled following injection of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the l6 spinal cord segment. brainstems were cut in sagittal section to facilitate examination of the rostral-caudal extent of raphe neurons projecting to the spinal cord. large numbers of hrp-labelled neurons were found in nucleus raphe magnus, nucleus raphe pallidus, and nucleus raphe obscurus (as well as a few neurons in nucleus raphe pontis). dorsal or ventral hemi ...	1978	701490
anatomical and physiological properties of ipsilaterally projecting spinothalamic neurons in the second cervical segment of the cat's spinal cord.	anatomical and electrophysiological methods were used to investigate the projections and response properties of neurons in the second cervical (c2) spinal segment of the cat giving origin to a previously undescribed projection to the ipsilateral thalamus. the method of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was used to identify neurons in c2 giving rise to thalamic projections. following large (3.0 microliter) thalamic hrp injections, a large number of labeled neurons was ob ...	1978	701488
laminar origins of spinothalamic projections in the cat as determined by the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase.	the method of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was used to identify the locations of cells of origin of the spinothalamic tract in the cat. injections of from 0.2-3.0 microliter of 30% hrp were made unilaterally in various regions of the somatosensory thalamus. massive injections of the caudal thalamus in several cats showed the spinothalamic cells of origin to be located mainly in laminae i, vii and viii in the lumbar enlargement, and in laminae i, v and vii-viii in t ...	1978	701487
cell bodies of origin of reticular projections from the superior colliculus in the cat: an experimental study with the use of horseradish peroxidase as a tracer.	by use of the retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp), the projection from the superior colliculus (sc) to the brain stem reticular formation (rf) was investigated in the cat. a 0.2-0.5 microliter of a 50% suspension of sigma vi hrp was injected stereotactically in various portions of the pontomedullary rf, and, as a control to the injection to the rf, in the inferior olive or in the spinal cord. labeled cells were found within and deep to the intermediate gray layer of the s ...	1978	701486
open junctions in the endothelium of the postcapillary venules of the diaphragm.	we have previously established that approximately 30% of the endothelial junctions in the pericytic venules of the mouse diaphragm are open to a gap of approximately 30--60 a, and are fully permeated by hemeundecapeptide (h11p) (mol diam approximately 20 a). to estimate the size limit for molecules that can permeate these junctions, we have administered graded tracers intravenously and studied their behavior at the level of pericytic venules in bipolar microvascular fields (bmfs) in the mouse di ...	1978	701375
distribution of horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-anti-hrp immune complexes in mouse spleen with special reference to follicular dendritic cells.	the distribution of immune complexes has been studied in mouse spleen stimulated to contain many germinal centers (gc's). horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-anti-hrp complexes were used as an appropriately precise and sensitive model. we were primarily interested in the relative abilities of three cell types to interact with complexes: lymphocytes, macrophages, and follicular dendritic cells (fdc's). the latter are distinctive, nonendocytic, stellate cells located primarily at the transition of mantle ...	1978	701370
retrieval and recycling of synaptic vesicle membrane in pinched-off nerve terminals (synaptosomes).	the morphological features of pinched-off presynaptic nerve terminals (synaptosomes) from rat brain were examined with electron microscope techniques; in many experiments, an extracellular marked (horseradish peroxidase or colloidal thorium dioxide) was included in the incubation media. when incubated in physiological saline, most terminals appeared approximately spherical, and were filled with small (approximately 400-a diameter) "synaptic vesicles"; mitochondria were also present in many of th ...	1978	701355
the t-tubule system in the specialized and general myocardium of the rat.	the t-tubule system in cardiac muscle cells has been investigated with the electron microscope in 10 adult rats after infiltration with horseradish peroxidase. all cardiac muscle cells possess a t-system, but its complexity varies according to the region of the heart. it is most extensive in the general ventricular myocardium where there are primary, secondary and tertiary transverse tubules as well as longitudinal elements, and there are numerous couplings between the t-system and the sarcoplas ...	1978	701190
studies on the ultrastructure and permeability of the hemotrichorial placenta. ii. fetal capillaries and tracer administration into the fetal blood circulation.	the distribution of horseradish peroxidase and lanthanum chloride within the full term chorioallantoic placenta of the rat was examined after administration of these tracers into the umbilical artery. both tracers rapidly traverse the capillary endothelium. transendothelial channels, fenestrations and micropinocytotic vesicles provide the main pathways. intercellular clefts which are either patent or interrupted by leaky intercellular junctions, also contribute to a rapid passage of low and high ...	1978	699025
studies on the ultrastructure and permeability of the hemotrichorial placenta. i. intercellular junctions of layer i and tracer administration into the maternal compartment.	the distribution of lanthanum chloride and horseradish peroxidase within the full-term chorioallantoic placenta of the rat was investigated 1 to 20 min after administration of these tracers into the maternal blood circulation. both tracers rapidly penetrate trophoblastic layer i and diffuse into the interspace between layers i and ii. they are localized in extensive infoldings and caveolae of the outer surface of layer ii. the syncytial character of layer ii is confirmed at this development stag ...	1978	699024
the t-tubule system in the myocardia of the sand rat and mouse as demonstrated by horseradish peroxidase.	the transverse tubule (t-tubule) system in papillary muscles of the sand rat and the mouse were studied with the aid of a diffusion tracer (horseradish peroxidase). the t-tubule system in the sand rat showed a typical mammalian pattern with sarcolemmal tubules invaginating at the z-band level of the sarcomere. these tubules follow a transverse direction in the cell with frequent longitudinal side-branches which connect tubules at different z-band levels. in the mouse myocardium, the t-tubules al ...	1978	699013
trigeminal ascending projections in the rabbit, studied with horseradish peroxidase.		1978	698827
cells of origin of subcortical afferents to the caudate nucleus: a horseradish peroxidase study in the cat.	the horseradish peroxidase tracing method was used to investigate the sources of subcortical input to the caudate nucleus in the cat. of considerable interest was the finding, not previously described, that labeled neurons were present outside of the intralaminar complex, in the ventral anterior and mediodorsal thalamic nuclei. another new finding was that retrogradely labeled cells were present within the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus, following the caudate injections. in addition, neurons con ...	1978	698789
unusually fast ligand exchange rate in horseradish peroxidase as studied by temperature-jump method.		1978	697854
retinotectal compression in the hamster: a quantitative study with horseradish peroxidase [proceedings].		1978	690904
organization and projections of the neurons in the dorsal tegmental area of the rat.	the organization and projection of the neurons in the dorsal tegmental area at the locus coeruleus level of the rat have been investigated by means of the horseradish peroxidase (hrp) method, combined with monoamine oxidase staining to identify the noradrenaline (na) neurons. judging from the anatomical aspects elucidated in this study, this area is composed of various different cell groups. although the functional role of these neuronal groups remains to be determined, the present study strongl ...	1978	690413
the localization of the motor neurons innervating the extraocular muscles in the oculomotor nuclei of the cat and rabbit, using horseradish peroxidase.	the localization of the motor neurons innervating the extraocular muscles in the oculomotor nuclei of adult cats and rabbits was investigated by means of retrograde labelling with horseradish peroxidase (hrp). the groups consisting of the motor neurons innervating an individual muscle lay in the nucleus as elongated columns extending in a longitudinal direction. the position of each group in the transverse section varied according to the rostro-caudal level of the nucleus. in the cat and rabbit, ...	1978	690283
spinal and medullary input to the lateral cervical nucleus.	the distributions of spinal and medullary cells projecting to the lateral cervical nucleus (lcn) have been investigated in young cats and dogs using the retrograde horseradish peroxidase (hrp) technique. labeled spinal cells, whose axons contribute to the spinocervical tract (sct), were found at all levels of the spinal cord ipsilateral to the injection sites. no significant differences were found between cat and dog, nor between cases with single injections at different levels of the lcn. sct c ...	1978	690282
distribution of motoneurones to the neck muscles, biventer cervicis, splenius and complexus in the cat.	the distribution of motoneurones to the cat dorsal neck muscles biventer cervicis, splenius and complexus has been examined using the technique of retrograde horseradish peroxidase transport. a comparison was initially made of hrp uptake into motoneurones produced either by injecting hrp solution directly into a single neck muscle or by exposing the cut ends of motor nerves to an hrp solution. the injection of hrp into single neck muscles was found to produce widespread labelling of motoneurones ...	1978	690273
nuclei of the solitary tract: efferent projections to the lower brain stem and spinal cord of the cat.	the efferent projections from the solitary complex to the lower brain stem and spinal cord were studied in the cat with the autoradiographic anterograde axonal transport and retrograde horseradish peroxidase (hrp) techniques. a revised cytoarchitectonic description of the caudal two-thirds of the complex is presented in which the complex was subdivided into six nuclei: lateral, ventrolateral, intermediate, medial, parvocellular, and commissural solitary tract nuclei. following injections of 3h a ...	1978	690272
observations on the development of brainstem-spinal systems in the north american oppossum.	the north american oppossum is born 12 to 13 days after conception and and is available for 90 days or more in an external pouch where it can be observed and experimentally manipulated. it is of particular interest that the hindlimbs of the newborn opossum are very immature and remain immobile for a week or more after birth. degeneration techniques reveal that immature brainstem axons are present within the marginal zone of the lumbosacral cord before hindlimb movements begin (our state i) and m ...	1978	690268
the afferent connections of the main and the accessory olfactory bulb formations in the rat: an experimental hrp-study.	the afferent connections of the main and accessory olfactory bulbs in the rat were examined by injecting horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into one or the other of these structures either by microelectrophoresis or by hydraulic pressure. alternate sections were stained with newly developed hrp-procedures using either benzidine dihydrochloride (de olmos and heimer, '77) or tetramethyl-benzidine. eighteen to twenty-four hours after unilateral hrp injections confined to the main olfactory bulb, a large ...	1978	690266
the organization of neocortical projections from the ventroposterior thalamic complex in the marsupial brush-tailed possum, trichosurus vulpecula: a horseradish peroxidase study.	retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was used to determine the extent and some of the organizational details of the cortical projection of the ventroposterior thalamic complex (vp) in the marsupial brush-tailed possum, trichosurus vulpecula. the cortical projection field of vp is coincident with si as determined by electrophysiological methods, and would appear not to overlap fully the primary motor cortex. thus, in trichosurus it appears that the motor and somatic sensory cortic ...	1978	689987
amygdaloid projections to the mesencephalon, pons and medulla oblongata in the cat.	amygdalotegmental projections were studied in 26 cats after injections of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) in the diencephalon, midbrain and lower brain stem and in 6 cats after injection of 3h-leucine in the amygdala. following hrp injections in the posterior hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray (pag) and tegmentum many retrogradely labeled neurons were present in the central nucleus (ce) of the amygdala, primarily ipsilaterally. injections of hrp in the posterior hypothalamus and mesencephalon also r ...	1978	689127
dopamine and noradrenaline neurons projecting to the septal area in the rat.	the organisation of the catecholamine innervation of the rat spetal area was investigated by means of the glyoxylic acid fluorescence method in combination with dopamine uptake studies, lesions and retrograde tracing of horseradish peroxidase. the following catecholamine systems to the septum could be established: 1. the locus coreuleus noradrenergic system. these axons are widespread in the septum forming a moderately dense innervation in the anterior hippocampus, the medial septal nucleus, the ...	1978	688339
vascular permeability alterations to horseradish peroxidase in experimental brain injury.	protein uptake and transport within the brain stem vasculature of mechanically brain injured cats was studied by means of both light and electron microscopy utilizing intravenously injected horseradish peroxidase as the protein tracer. in animals sustaining low grade head injuries not of sufficient intensity to elicit either microscopic, intraparenchymal hemorrhages or subtle, neuropathological responses, peroxidase extravasation was noted both in the vascular walls and in the surrounding parenc ...	1978	687980
interaction of phospholipid vesicles with rat hepatocytes in primary monolayer culture.	we studied the interaction of positively and negatively charged unilamellar and multilamellar phospholipid vesicles (liposomes) with rat-liver parenchymal cells in primary monolayer culture. radioactive liposomal phosphatidylcholine was taken up more rapidly and to a larger extent from unilamellar than from multilamellar vesicles. no significant difference in uptake characteristics was observed between vesicles of different charge. the presence of serum greatly reduced uptake of liposomal phosph ...	1978	687666
[horseradish peroxidase labeled sources of the spinobulbar and spinothalamic fiber systems of the cat brain].	a dense accumulation of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) positive neurons was found after bulbar hrp injections in the ipsilateral dorsal grey matter and in the intermediate zone on both sides. after thalamic injections the labelled neurons were located bilaterally in the ventral part of the intermediate zone. a conclusion is made that cells of the origin of the spinobulbar and spinothalamic tracts are located in the dorsal horn and in the intermediate zone of the spinal cord.	1978	683371
increased endocytosis with lysosomal activation in skeletal muscle of dystrophic mouse.	endocytosis in dystrophic muscles was studied by a combination of biochemical, radiochemical, and light and electron microscopic techniques. it was observed that the uptake of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and 3h-inulin in vitro was increased in leg skeletal muscles from dystrophic mice compared with littermate controls. endocytosis of hrp in vivo was also increased in dystrophic muscles. when hrp was administered intravenously, light microscopic examination of the muscles showed that the macromo ...	1978	681982
the influence of taipoxin on cholinergic synapses in the electric organ of torpedo marmorata.	the influences of the snake venom taipoxin on the cholinergic synapses of the electric organ of torpedo mamorata were investigated. 1. in ultrathin sections presynaptic membrane indentations are noted under the influence of taipoxin/nacl. 2. the presynaptic membranes often show small interruptions. 3. in taipoxin/horseradish peroxidase incubated organ pieces typical omega-shaped indentations are found, but on the postsynaptic side. 4. the vesicle density decreased under the influence of the taip ...	1978	681922
pulmonary capillary and permeability during hemorrhagic shock.	in previous experiments from this laboratory horseradish peroxidase was used to study the structural and functional characteristics of the normal canine pulmonary capillary membrane. the present study used the same technique to try to determine if any change occurred in the pulmonary capillary as a result of hemorrhagic shock. we found that hemorrhagic shock caused a fall (5 expt) or no change (2 expt) in estimated pulmonary transcapillary pressure based on starling's equation. however, lymphati ...	1978	681215
the prefrontal cortex of the cat: anatomical subdivisions based on retrograde labeling of cells in the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus.	different areas of the frontal cortex of the cat were injected with small amounts of horseradish peroxidase. the region of labeled cells in the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (md) were related to the injected areas. distinct relations between subdivisions of md and of the prefrontal cortex were established: a rather large central sector of md projects to the gyrus proreus and the anterior parts of the gyri sigmoideus, rectus, and frontalis. a narrow lateral band of anterior md neurons proje ...	1978	680047
[anomalously high pkapp shifts in protoporphyrin ix protonization during its solubilization on the apoperoxidase from horseradish and on surfactant micelles. the effect of a nonpolar environment on the pkaff shift].		1978	679814
an enzyme-linked immunoassay for ferritin in human serum and rat plasma and the influence of the iron in serum ferritin on serum iron measurement, during acute hepatitis.	to measure human serum ferritin and rat plasma ferritin a non-competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay has been developed using horseradish peroxidase as the enzyme. in this assay it proved necessary to use heated rat plasma to obtain reproducible ferritin values. the heating procedure caused a loss of 38% of the plasma ferritin. rat plasma ferritin values have been corrected for this loss. the standard deviation, from duplicate normal human and rat samples is 10 ng ferritin/ml serum and 69 ng/ml p ...	1978	679492
localized changes in blood-brain barrier permeability following the administration of antineoplastic drugs.	the effects of four antineoplastic drugs on the permeability of the blood-brain barrier to evans blue-albumin and to horseradish peroxidase were studied in cats. extravasation of tracer in brain tissue was observed only rarely following the injection of methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, or vincristine. however, 5-fluorouracil (15 mg/kg) caused localized evans blue-albumin exudation in various gray and white matter areas in 8 of 13 cats to which the evans blue was administered 7 hr after the drug i ...	1978	679202
anatomical evidence of direct projections from the nucleus of the solitary tract to the hypothalamus, amygdala, and other forebrain structures in the rat.	ascending projections from the caudal (general-visceroceptive) part of the nucleus of the solitary tract (nts) were studied experimentally in the rat by the aid of the anterograde autoradiographic and the retrograde horseradish peroxidase (hrp) tracer techniques. microelectrophoretic deposits of tritiated proline and leucine which involved the caudal part of the nts, the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (dmx), and portions of the hypoglossal nucleus, nucleus intercalatus and/or nucleus gracilis ...	1978	679038
afferent connections of the entorhinal area in the rat as demonstrated by retrograde cell-labeling with horseradish peroxidase.	the entorhinal cortex (ec) of the rat has been divided into medial (mea) and lateral (lea) subdivisions. in order to analyze its afferent connections, small deposits of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) were placed at various loci within ec. the patterns of retrograde cell-labeling charted in 18 such cases suggested that ec is projected upon by several allocortical and subcortical structures and that there are differences in the afferent connections of the two subdivisions. thus, although hrp injecti ...	1978	679029
hypertension-induced cerebral atherosclerosis in the cholesterol-fed rabbit.	foam cell lesions were found in cholesterol-fed rabbits with induced hypertension, particularly in intimal cushions at branching sites, where permeability to horseradish peroxidase was enhanced. permeability to horseradish peroxidase was enhanced at the edge of intimal cushions without foam cell accumulation. this finding suggests that permeability is increased before foam cell infiltration. no foam cell lesions were observed in the intima of cerebral arteries distant from branching sites, but i ...	1978	678315
increased vesicular transport of horseradish peroxidase across the blood-brain barrier after chemical induction of hypertension.		1978	676899
barriers of peripheral nerve towards exogenous peroxidase in normal and protein deprived rats.	the protective barriers of the sciatic nerve in protein deprived and normal rats have been studied. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was applied extra-neurally in rats aged between 4 and 26 weeks. the spread of the tracer was investigated 2 h, 24 h, and 3 days after application. passage of tracer into the endoneurium was found in all rats but decreased with age. within the endoneurium, hrp was phagocytized by normally occurring endoneurial histiocytes, which constitute part of the protective barrier ...	1978	676677
limbic projections to the cat thalamus. a horseradish peroxidase study.	retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase was used to identify the afferent projection systems of the anterior thalamic nuclei in the cat. the results indicate that fibres projecting to the three anterior nuclei of the thalamus arise from the hippocampal region, septum and cingulate cortex unilaterally and from the hypothalamus (mamillary nuclei) both bilaterally and unilaterally. the cells of the medial mamillary nuclei send their axons to the ipsilateral av and am nuclei whereas th ...	1978	676656
fine structure of tight junctions between rat choroidal cells after osmotic opening induced by urea and sucrose.	after ventriculo-cisternal perfusion of hypertonic urea or sucrose, both the choroid plexus permeability to horseradish peroxidase and the structure of tight junctions between choroidal cells are modified. intercellular spaces are swollen, continuous ridges are fragmented and intrajunctional spaces are invested by many membranous particles. these morphological alterations appear to be reversible. these ultrastructural data are related to an osmotic maladjustment induced by the introduction of hy ...	1978	675669
terminal arbors of axons that have formed abnormal connections.	ther terminal arbors of individual retinogeniculate axons that have been induced to grow into an inappropriate geniculate layer have been revealed for light and electron microscopic study by being filled with horseradish peroxidase. after a unilateral ocular enucleation in kittens, single axons from the surviving eye show terminal arbors not only within their own geniculate layers but also in the denervated layers. the new, abnormal arbors arise from the terminal segments of arbors that lie with ...	1978	675248
relative mobility of con a and anionic receptor sites on the cell surface of lymphocytes. a quantitative-cytochemical study.	events following the binding of concanavalin a and cationized ferritin to the surface of normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes were followed using ultracytochemical methods. in this paper, we described a technique involving microdensitometry, which was employed in order to make a comparative cytochemical quantitation of the dense horseradish peroxidase-diaminobenzidine reaction products representing the states of concanavalin a receptors under various conditions of distribution and redistrib ...	1978	670683
origins of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to the cat intestine as demonstrated by the horseradish peroxidase method.		1978	667629
behavioral and anatomical consequences of small intrastriatal injections of kainic acid in the rat.	the effects of bilateral injections of kainic acid into the anteromedial neostriatal region were examined behaviorally and anatomically in two groups of rats. behaviorally, kainic acid injections resulted in a severe impairment of delayed alternation retention, while the ability for visual discrimination remained unaffected. anatomically it was found that axons traversing the injected area remain able to transport horseradish peroxidase. furthermore, histological examinations of the injected reg ...	1978	667628
mechanism of n-demethylation of aminopyrine by hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase, metmyoglobin, and protohemin.		1978	667019
the morphologic basis of proteinuria in experimental chronic serum sickness glomerulonephritis. a light and electron microscopic study using horseradish peroxidase and ferritin as tracers.	the morphologic basis of proteinuria in experimental chronic serum sickness glomerulonephritis in rabbits was studied by light and electron microscopy using horseradish peroxidase (effective radius 30 a; mol. wt. 40,000) and ferritin (effective radius 60 a; mol. wt. 480,000) as protein tracers. it was found that more ferritin, but paradoxically, less horseradish peroxidase gained access to the urinary space. observations made by electron microscopy appeared to indicate a decreased permeability o ...	1978	662050
catecholamine innervation of the basal forebrain. iv. topography of the dopamine projection to the basal forebrain and neostriatum.	in this study the location of dopamine (da) neuron perikarya in the rostral mesencephalon of the rat was determined using the glyoxylic acid fluorescence histochemical technique. subsequently the topography of the projection of these mesencephalic neurons on the basal forebrain and striatum was analyzed using the anterograde transport-autoradiographic tracing method and the retrograde transport-horseradish peroxidase (hrp) technique. the results of these anatomical studies were correlated with t ...	1978	659674
properties of the enteric nervous system: limitation of access of intravascular macromolecules to the myenteric plexus and muscularis externa.	the possible presence of a blood-myenteric plexus barrier similar to the blood-nerve and blood-brain barriers was investigated. the myenteric plexus was found to be an enclosed tubular structure incompletely surrounded by a sheath of supporting cell processes. capillaries do not enter the plexus. the capillaries which supply the myenteric layer differ in structure from capillaries of other layers of the gut and are non-fenestrated. tracers, evans blue labeled albumin or horseradish peroxidase, r ...	1978	659670
organization and development of the brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: primary afferent projections.	the pattern of primary auditory projections to the brain stem of young chickens was investigated using terminal degeneration methods and orthograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) or tritiated amino acid. of particular interest was the question of whether nucleus laminaris (nl) receives primary afferents. a study of silver-stained degeneration pattersn in nucleus magnocellularis (nm) and nl at three intervals following unilateral interruption of the cochlear nerve revealed that by 48 h ...	1978	659669
anatomy of germinal centers in mouse spleen, with special reference to "follicular dendritic cells".	lymphocyte proliferation in germinal centers (gc's) is thought to be triggered by antigen retained extracellularly on the surface of special "dendritic" cells. the anatomy and function of these cells have not been studied directly or in detail. we therefore examined mouse spleen gc's developing in response to sheep erythrocyte stimulation. we found that distincitve "follicular dendritic cells" (fdc's) were present in both the gc and adjacent mantle region of secondary follicles. the large, irreg ...	1978	659510
selective binding, uptake, and retrograde transport of tetanus toxin by nerve terminals in the rat iris. an electron microscope study using colloidal gold as a tracer.	a series of specific macromolecules (tetanus toxin, cholera toxin, nerve growth factor [ngf], and several lectins) have been shown to be transported retrogradely with high selectivity from terminals to cell bodies in various types of neurons. under identical experimental conditions (low protein concentrations injected), most other macromolecules, e.g. horseradish peroxidase (hrp), albumin, ferritin, are not transported in detectable amounts. in the present em study, we demonstrate selective bind ...	1978	659508